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Academic literature on the topic 'Lean growth in cattle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 March 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

Simm, G., C. Smith, and J. H. D. Prescott. "Selection indices to improve the efficiency of lean meat production in cattle." Animal Science 42, no. 2 (April 1986): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000335610001789x.

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ABSTRACTSelection indices to improve the efficiency of lean meat production in cattle were derived with an aggregate breeding value which comprised growth rate, food conversion efficiency, killing-out proportion and carcass lean proportion. Index measurements were growth rate, food conversion efficiency and ultrasonic fat area. Relative economic values of traits in the aggregate breeding value were calculated for an 18/20-month beef system, assuming a fixed national output of lean meat. Literature estimates of phenotypic and genetic parameters were used. Two indices were derived, one with a complete restriction on genetic changes in birth weight, and the other without restriction. Correlations between the index and the aggregate breeding value were 0·53 for the restricted index, and 0·57 for the unrestricted index. The maximum proportional reduction in expected economic response, due to complete restriction of birth weight was about 0·08. Selection on either index would actually lead to a slight decrease in carcass lean proportion, but this was less than the decrease expected from selection solely on growth rate. Correlations between the indices and the aggregate breeding value (measuring the accuracy of selection) fell by only about 0·01 when ultrasonic measurements were omitted from the index, but fell by about 0·09 when food conversion efficiency was omitted. Sensitivity of the indices to changes in parameters was also examined. With proportional changes of ±0·5 in individual economic weights, or absolute changes of ±0·2 in genetic correlations or −0·2 in heritabilities, the efficiency of selection ranged from 0·93 to 1·00.

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Hersom, Matt, and Todd Thrift. "Implants for Cow-Calf and Stocker Beef Cattle." EDIS 2015, no. 7 (October 9, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-an318-2015.

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Getting cattle to put on a lot of muscle quickly is a crucial part of a beef cattle operation’s profitability. Growth promoting implants are one of the most cost-effective ways of increasing lean tissue in cattle and work by releasing hormones into the cow’s body that encourage muscle growth. This 4-page fact sheet explains implants’ mechanisms of action, how implants are administered and used, and concerns associated with implants. Written by Matt Hersom and Todd Thrift, and published by the UF Department of Animal Sciences, August 2015. AN318/AN318: Implants for Cow-Calf and Stocker Beef Cattle (ufl.edu)

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Bishop, S. C. "Grassland performance of Hereford cattle selected for rate and efficiency of lean gain on a concentrate diet." Animal Science 56, no. 3 (June 1993): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100006346.

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AbstractThe performance of 273 Hereford calves from lines previously selected for lean growth rate (LGR) or lean food conversion efficiency (LFCR), on a concentrate diet, was evaluated on a grassland diet over a period of 3 years. Both bull and heifer calves were tested, and each year the performance test ran from the 1st week of May (average age of 233 days) until the 1st week of October. Carcass lean content was predicted from body weight and ultrasonic backfat depth, and lean gain was calculated from the product of live-weight gain and predicted carcass lean content. The LGR line was superior to the control (C) line for live-weight gain on test, lean gain on test and lean gain from birth until the end of test. The LFCR line performed similarly to the C line for live-weight gain on test and lean gain on test, but was inferior for total lean gain. For lean gain on test, the proportional differences between the lines were similar to those predicted from parental breeding values for LGR, but they were smaller for total lean gain. The lines did not differ significantly for either fat depth or predicted carcass lean content.Heritabilities were high for all growth traits, e.g. 0·52 (s.e. 0·17), 0·54 (s.e. 0·17) and 0·59 (s.e. 0·17) for live-weight gain on test, lean gain on test and total lean gain, but lower for fat depth and carcass lean content, 0·25 (s.e. 0·17) and 0·14 (s.e. 0·16), respectively. Genetic correlations with LGR, measured on a concentrate diet, were 0·57 for lean gain on test and 0·56 for total lean gain. If only males were considered, these correlations rose to 0·80 and 0·70, respectively. Coheritabilities between the two environments for lean growth were close to 0·3. It is concluded that although there is some evidence for genotype × environment and genotype × sex interactions, selection for lean growth on a concentrate regimen will still be effective in improving grassland performance.

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McEvers, T. J., L. C. Dorin, J. L. Berg, G. F. Royan, J. P. Hutcheson, G. D. Appleyard, M. S. Brown, and T. E. Lawrence. "Effect of leptin genotype and zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on the growth rate and carcass characteristics of finishing steers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 93, no. 2 (June 2013): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-121.

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McEvers, T. J., Dorin, L. C., Berg, J. L., Royan, G. F., Hutcheson, J. P., Appleyard, G. D., Brown M. S. and Lawrence, T. E. 2013. Effect of leptin genotype and zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on the growth rate and carcass characteristics of finishing steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 199–204. Steers (n=960; initial body weight=480.2±35.3 kg) were initially selected by leptin genotype (LG; CC=homozygous normal, CT=heterozygous, and TT=homozygous mutant) from a pool of 1500 candidates, and allocated into 48 pens of which one-half were fed zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) for 20 d with a 4-d withdrawal and the balance a control ration. No LG×ZH interaction (P≥0.21) occurred for any measured live production or carcass trait. Cattle of the TT genotype tended (P=0.08) to have lower average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F) during the pre ZH treatment period. Cattle fed ZH had greater (P<0.01) ADG and G:F than cattle not fed ZH. Cattle of the TT genotype had greater (P<0.01) lipid depots concomitant with reduced (P≤0.02) lean tissue as compared to cattle of the CC genotype; furthermore, TT cattle tended (P=0.07) to have lighter carcass weights than other genotypes. Cattle fed ZH had increased (P<0.01) hot carcass weight and lean tissue concomitant with decreased (P≤0.01) lipid depots. Commercially available leptin genotyping may allow for antemortem sorting of cattle by genotype, which could augment management strategies ultimately leading to adjustments in feeding duration and timeliness of carcass marketing.

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Herd, R. M., and S. C. Bishop. "Genetic variation in net feed efficiency in Hereford cattle and its association with other production traits." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999 (1999): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200002027.

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Net feed efficiency refers to variation in feed consumption between animals net of requirements for maintenance and production, and may be measured as residual feed intake (RFI). Because RFI is independent of liveweight (LW) and growth rate, selection for improved net feed efficiency is likely to reduce feed intake with little change in growth. The purpose of this study was to establish whether there exists genetic variation in RFI in young British Hereford bulls, and to determine the phenotypic and genetic correlations of RFI with key production traits.The data consisted of performance measurements on 540 bull progeny of 154 British Hereford sires, collected over ten 200-day postweaning performance tests conducted between 1979 and 1988. The traits analysed were food intake (FI), 200 to 400-day daily gain (ADG), 400-day weight (W400), predicted carcass lean content (LEAN), lean growth rate (LGR), food conversion ratio (FI/ADG) and lean FCR (LFCR; FI/(ADG x LEAN), described by Bishop (1992).

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Crews, D. H., Jr ,. M. Lowerison, N. Caron, and R. A. Kemp. "Genetic parameters among growth and carcass traits of Canadian Charolais cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 84, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a04-019.

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Genetic parameters for three growth and five carcass traits were estimated for Charolais using a combination of carcass progeny test, purebred field performance and pedigree data. Heritabilities and genetic and residual correlations were derived from variance components for birth weight (BWT, n = 54 221), 205-d weaning weight (WT205, n = 31 384), postweaning gain (PWG, n = 19 403), hot carcass weight (HCW, n = 6958), average subcutaneous fat thickness (FAT, n = 6866), longissimus muscle area (REA, n = 6863), marbling score (MAR, n = 6903) and estimated carcass lean yield percentage (PLY, n = 6852) with an animal model (n = 78 728) and restricted maximum likelihood. Breed of dam and contemporary group appropriate to each trait were included as fixed effects in the model, whereas random effects included direct genetic for all traits, maternal genetic for BWT and WT205, and maternal permanent environmental for WT205. Carcass traits were adjusted to a constant harvest age of 425 d. Heritability estimates of 0.53, 0.22, and 0.21 were obtained for direct components of BWT, WT205, and PWG, respectively, and maternal heritabilities were 0.16 and 0.10 for BWT and WT205, respectively. Direct × maternal genetic correlations for BWT (-0.49) and WT205 (-0.35) were negative. Heritabilities for HCW, FAT, REA, MAR, and PLY were 0.33, 0.39, 0.43, 0.34, and 0.46, respectively. Genetic correlations among direct effects for growth traits were moderately positive and generally uncorrelated with maternal effects across traits. Lean and fat deposition in the carcass generally had negative, unfavorable genetic correlations, although improvement in lean yield and marbling score may not be strongly antagonistic. Genetic correlations of direct and maternal components of growth traits with carcass traits suggested that selection for increased growth rate would not be antagonistic to improvement in carcass yield or meat quality. Key words: Carcass, Charolais, correlation, genetic parameters, growth

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Galbraith, H., G. F. M. Paterson, G. D. Henderson, and E. A. Hunter. "Effect of zeranol implantation and dietary protein level on growth and blood hormones and metabolites of bulls." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1984 (March 1988): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600014501.

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Recent reports have suggested that growth in entire male cattle (bulls) may be increased by implantation with the growth promoter zeranol. It is well known that given similar nutrition bulls grow faster than castrate male cattle (steers). This effect may be attributed to the presence of testicular steroids in bulls which stimulate lean tissue deposition and hence greater live-weight gain. A major objective of this study was to provide further information on the effects of zeranol implantation on growth and blood concentrations of endogenous hormones and metabolites. Effects on concentrations of the endogenous steroids, testosterone and oestradiol-17β were of particular interest.

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Mrode, R. A., C. Smith, and R. Thompson. "Selection for rate and efficiency of lean gain in Hereford cattle. 2. Evaluation of correlated responses." Animal Science 51, no. 1 (August 1990): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100005134.

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ABSTRACTCorrelated responses in two lines of Hereford cattle selected for lean growth rate (LGR) from birth to 400 days of age and lean food conversion ratio (LFCR) from 200 to 400 days of age for a period of 8 years were evaluated. Correlated changes were estimated by two methods: deviation of selected lines from a control line and restricted maximum likelihood. Generally, estimates from the two methods were similar but tended to be more precise for the latter. Statistically significant correlated responses occurred in growth rate in the LGR line and in lean proportion and food conversion ratio in both selected lines. Selection for LGR was accompanied by increases in body weight at various ages in both male and female progeny. In the LFCR line there were little or no changes in body weight for male calves but some increases at certain ages for female progeny. There were no adverse correlated responses detected in reproductive traits such as calving difficulty and calving and pre-weaning mortality.

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Blanchard, P. J., J. P. Chadwick, C. C. Warkup, M. Ellis, and G. A. Deans. "The influence of rate of lean and fat tissue development on pork eating quality." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (March 1995): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200590115.

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The main factors contributing to pork eating satisfaction are considered to be tenderness, juiciness and flavour. Tenderness has been identified as being the most important of these factors in terms of variability and perceived deterioration over recent years. Previous research has shown that the eating quality of meat may be influenced by the balance between the rates of lean tissue growth and fat deposition respectively, and this in turn may be influenced by dietary manipulation and/or genotype and sex of animal. It has been suggested that lean tissue growth rate (LTGR) - influenced by daily liveweight gain - fundamentally affects meat tenderness in pigs (Warkup and Kempster, 1991). In beef cattle studies, faster growing animals have been shown to produce more tender meat (Whipple et al, 1990). Previous work has demonstrated that meat from ad libitum fed pigs tends to be more tender and juicy than restrictively fed pigs (MLC, 1988; Ellis et al, 1990). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relative importance of lean and fat tissue growth on pork eating quality.

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Blanchard, P. J., J. P. Chadwick, C. C. Warkup, M. Ellis, and G. A. Deans. "The influence of rate of lean and fat tissue development on pork eating quality." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (March 1995): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600027823.

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The main factors contributing to pork eating satisfaction are considered to be tenderness, juiciness and flavour. Tenderness has been identified as being the most important of these factors in terms of variability and perceived deterioration over recent years. Previous research has shown that the eating quality of meat may be influenced by the balance between the rates of lean tissue growth and fat deposition respectively, and this in turn may be influenced by dietary manipulation and/or genotype and sex of animal. It has been suggested that lean tissue growth rate (LTGR) - influenced by daily liveweight gain - fundamentally affects meat tenderness in pigs (Warkup and Kempster, 1991). In beef cattle studies, faster growing animals have been shown to produce more tender meat (Whipple et al, 1990). Previous work has demonstrated that meat from ad libitum fed pigs tends to be more tender and juicy than restrictively fed pigs (MLC, 1988; Ellis et al, 1990). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relative importance of lean and fat tissue growth on pork eating quality.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

Afolayan, Raphael Abiodun. "Genetics of growth and development in cattle." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha2579.pdf.

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Kaps, Miroslav. "Growth and maturation of angus cattle /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842543.

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Walker, Dillon Kyle. "Effect of ractopamine on growth in cattle." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/539.

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Van, Bibber-Krueger Cadra. "Use of exogenous growth promotants in finishing cattle." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18152.

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Master of Science
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
James S. Drouillard
Exogenous growth promotants, such as the synthetic beta agonist zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH), have been shown to increase carcass weight by repartitioning energy toward increased skeletal muscle at the expense of adipose tissue, which is associated with a decline in tenderness. More recently, essential oils such as menthol have been observed to have growth promoting properties in livestock. The objectives of this research were to determine effects of ZH on blood parameters and long chain fatty acids in plasma and adipose tissue, to determine if the decline in tenderness can be negated by temporary depletion of calcium during ZH supplementation, and to determine effects of crystalline menthol on blood parameters. Blood samples were collected in 7-d intervals during ZH administration. Zilpaterol hydrochloride decreased concentrations of plasma urea nitrogen and whole blood glucose (P < 0.10), but had no effects on concentrations of plasma glucose, lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, NEFA, or whole blood lactate (P > 0.10). Total long chain fatty acids of plasma and adipose tissue were unaffected (P > 0.10); however, ZH supplementation increased HCW, dressing percentage, and LM area (P < 0.10). Calcium was temporarily depleted during ZH supplementation in an attempt to increase tenderness of meat. No differences (P > 0.10) were observed for Warner-Bratzler shear force values, live animal performance, or carcass measurements. Addition of 0, 0.003, 0.03, 0.3% menthol (diet DM) to diets of steers resulted in a menthol × time within day interaction (P < 0.01) for IGF-1 concentration and BW; however, glucose, lactate, and PUN concentrations were unaffected (P > 0.05). Furthermore, concentrations of VFA were not different (P > 0.05), but production of fermentative gas was decreased (P < 0.01) when menthol was added at 0, 0.003, 0.03, 0.3% of substrate DM in a 24 h in vitro fermentation trial. Results from these studies suggest ZH improved efficiency of nutrient utilization for increased skeletal muscle growth; however, the decline in tenderness was not negated by the temporary depletion of calcium in the diet. Overall, ZH affected components related to increased skeletal muscle growth, but menthol did not affect blood parameters associated with growth.

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Hecht, Genevieve Sue Kriese-Anderson Lisa A. "Evaluation of feed efficiency traits with post-weaning growth and ultrasound traits in central test bulls." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Hecht_Genevieve_1.pdf.

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Mrode, Raphael Aweyevu. "Genetic response to selection for rate and efficiency of lean gain in beef cattle." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15445.

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Novaes, Luciano Patto. "Growth, body composition and costs of feeding Holstein heifers /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135927/.

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Yao, Ping. "Quantitative trait loci mapping and candidate gene analysis for growth and carcass traits on two bovine chromosomes." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4576.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 7, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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McClure, Matthew Charles Taylor J. "Genome scan in commercial angus cattle for quantitative trait loci influencing growth, carcass, and reproductive traits." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7006.

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The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on January 6, 2010). Vita. Thesis advisor: Jeremy Taylor. "July 2009" Includes bibliographical references.

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Mills, Jason Adam. "Cytokine and growth factor networks associated with epidermal-mesenchymal cell interactions during keratinocyte-stem cell growth in the bovine claw." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 278 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459902991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

The lean rider. [Bath, England]: AudioGO Ltd., 2011.

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Butterfield, Rex M. New concepts of sheep growth. Sydney: Published by the Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Sydney, 1988.

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Lapierre, Hélène. Somatocrinin in cattle. [Ottawa]: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1993.

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Cattle and oil: The growth of Texas industries. New York: Rosen, 2010.

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N, Boorman K., Buttery P. J, and Lindsay D. B, eds. The Control of fat and lean deposition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992.

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The lean machine: How Harley-Davidson drove top-line growth and profitability with revolutionary lean product development. New York: American Management Association, 2010.

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Corey, Beverly. Bovine growth hormone: Harmless for humans. [Rockville, Md: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Office of Public Affairs, 1990.

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Larson, Jean A. BST-bovine growth hormone: January 1991 - December 1993. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1994.

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Larson, Jean A. BST-bovine growth hormone: January 1987 - January 1992. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1992.

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Wagenaar, Jan-Paul. Live weight and growth of Barotse cattle in Western Province. [Lusaka?]: RDP Livestock Services B.V., 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

Marek, Jaroslav, Alena Pozdílková, and Libor Kupka. "Growth Models of Female Dairy Cattle." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 266–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57802-2_26.

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Roche, Cécile, and Luc Delamotte. "The Path to Growth and Profit." In The Lean Engineering Travel Guide, 139–258. New York: Productivity Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003381945-11.

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Buckler, John M. H. "Limb Circumferences and Lean Body Mass." In A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Growth, 96–99. London: Springer London, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1721-6_7.

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Timmerman, Brent D. "Change Principle #8: Respect the Current State of Evolutionary Growth." In Starting Lean from Scratch, 191–96. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Productivity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429196867-41.

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Euchner, James A. "Organizing for Growth: The Separate-but-Connected Model." In Lean Startup in Large Organizations, 99–108. New York: Productivity Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429433887-8.

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Dooley, Daniel M. "Can Food Production Keep Pace with Population Growth, Changing Dietary Habits, and a Desire for Higher Quality Protein?" In The Welfare of Cattle, 9–13. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21911-2.

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Urbani, A., C. Nebbia, M. Carletti, G. Gardini, D. Bertarelli, M. Ronci, L. Della Donna, and P. Sacchetta. "Proteomics strategies to trace illegal growth- promoters in cattle." In Farm animal proteomics, 25–27. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-751-6_5.

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Elsasser, T. H. "Influence of Parasitic Infection on Growth-Related Hormones and Nutrient Utilization in Cattle." In Biomechanisms Regulating Growth and Development, 421–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1395-0_28.

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Fayer, R. "Influence of parasitism on growth of cattle possibly mediated through tumor necrosis factor." In Biomechanisms Regulating Growth and Development, 437–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1395-0_29.

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Vanderboom, R. J., T. H. Wise, R. R. Maurer, and R. L. Ax. "Variations in the Interaction Between Follicular Glycosaminoglycans and Fibronectin Relative to the LH Surge in Cattle." In Growth Factors and the Ovary, 315–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5688-2_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

Surjowardojo, Puguh, Rachmad Dharmawan, Rifai, and Ike Ambarwati. "Storage Duration Effect of Kelor Leaf (Moringa oleifera) Extracts with Methanol against Growth of Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli Caused Mastitis in Dairy Cattle." In 6th ICAMBBE (International Conference on Advance Molecular Bioscience & Biomedical Engineering) 2019. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009587901520156.

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Sulistiani, Heni, Ikbal Yasin, Dedi Darwis, S. Samsugi, and Neko Reffiandi. "IoT for Monitoring System for Cattle Growth Productivity." In 2023 International Conference on Networking, Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, and Technology (IConNECT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconnect56593.2023.10326758.

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Dakhlan, Akhmad, Sri Suharyati, Muhammad Dima Iqbal Hamdani, Kusuma Adhianto, Arif Qisthon, and Erwanto Erwanto. "Genetic Parameters for Growth Traits in Ongole Grade Cattle." In 9th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production (ISTAP 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220207.049.

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Hariyadi, Itra, Fauziyah Harahap, and Melva Silitonga. "Response Formation of Cattleya Orchid Leaf Callus (<i>Cattleya</i> Sp.) with the Addition of <i>2.4 Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid </i>and <i>6-Benzyl Amino Purine In Vitro</i>." In The 4th International Conference on Science and Technology Applications. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6rj5x0.

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Orchid Cattleya sp. has a very high commercial value in the market both locally and internationally. Although the price of the orchid tends to be expensive, the value it has is much more expensive. So cattleya is always a top priority for hobbyists and collectors [1]. Cattleya is one of the orchid genera that have flowers with large sizes and is known as "The Queen of Orchids" because it has the beauty of color variations in its flowers [2]. In addition to having beauty in its flowers, bright flower color, and fragrant smell, Cattleya Orchid in general has a large flower size compared to other orchid flowers [3]. This study aimed to determine the best combination for callus growth from the orchid leaf explant Cattleya sp. with the combination of media using the ingredients MS + 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (0; 0.3; 0.6 ppm) and 2.4 Dechlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (0; 1; 2; 3 ppm) with three repetitions for each treatment. The data from the study showed that the best concentration to spur the growth of the callus of the explanatory orchid leaves of Cattleya sp. At the treatment of 2.4-D 1 ppm + BAP 0.6 ppm with a percentage of callus formed about 60% with a green callus color and compact callus texture and medium callus growth (++).

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5

Genov, Stefan. "METHODOLOGY FOR ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY EVALUATION AT BEEF CATTLE BREEDING." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.334.

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The report proposes a methodological framework for an in-depth analysis of the economic efficiency at beef cattle breeding. Different approaches and methods for evaluation based on performance indicators proposed by other authors are considered. Based on them, new ones have been synthesized and proposed, which are considered to be decisive for the economic efficiency of farms. The indicators are grouped in order to analyze the individual elements of the production technology and the organizational and economic part of the breeding.

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Hazieva, A. M., N. T. Rafikova, and A. M. Ableeva. "Results of Analysis of Cost of Growth and Feeding of Cattle." In Proceedings of the First International Volga Region Conference on Economics, Humanities and Sports (FICEHS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200114.043.

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7

Chalid, T., S. Rusdiana, A. Hafid, R. S. G. Sianturi, L. Praharani, D. A. Kusumaningrum, and A. Anggraeni. "Growth of Belgian Blue cattle and Belgian Blue crosses with Indonesian Holstein cattle at the age of 61 - 90 days." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2021). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0145598.

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8

D’Aurea, A. P., L. B. Fernandes, A. P. Oliveira, L. E. Ferreira, M. M. Lima, A. C. Limede, and M. F. Silva. "Natural additives can replace the conventional growth promoters in cattle feedlot diet." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_27.

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9

Favaro, Cleber, and Roberto Jorge. "Application of Lean Manufacturing to React to Fast Market Growth." In 2008 SAE Brasil Congress and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-36-0399.

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DR. J. O. OSARENREN. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF GRASS GROWTH, BEEF CATTLE FEEDING FOR GRAZING AND WEIGHT MANAGEMENT." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.10939.

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Reports on the topic "Lean growth in cattle"

1

Hansen, Peter J., and Amir Arav. Embryo transfer as a tool for improving fertility of heat-stressed dairy cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587730.bard.

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The overall objective of the current proposal is to develop procedures to improve the pregnancy rate achieved following transfer of fresh or cryopreserved embryos produced in the laboratory into heat-stress recipients. The overall hypothesis is that pregnancy rate in heat-stressed lactating cows can be improved by use of embryo transfer and that additional gains in pregnancy rate can be achieved through development of procedures to cryopreserve embryos, select embryos most likely to establish and maintain pregnancy after transfer, and to enhance embryo competence for post-transfer survival through manipulation of culture conditions. The original specific objectives were to 1) optimize procedures for cryopreservation (Israel/US), 2) develop procedures for identifying embryos with the greatest potential for development and survival using the remote monitoring system called EmbryoGuard (Israel), 3) perform field trials to test the efficacy of cryopreservation and the EmbryoGuard selection system for improving pregnancy rates in heat-stressed, lactating cows (US/Israel), 4) test whether selection of fresh or frozen-thawed blastocysts based on measurement of group II caspase activity is an effective means of increasing survival after cryopreservation and post-transfer pregnancy rate (US), and 5) identify genes in blastocysts induced by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (US). In addition to these objectives, additional work was carried out to determine additional cellular determinants of embryonic resistance to heat shock. There were several major achievements. Results of one experiment indicated that survival of embryos to freezing could be improved by treating embryos with cytochalasin B to disrupt the cytoskeleton. An additional improvement in the efficacy of embryo transfer for achieving pregnancy in heat-stressed cows follows from the finding that IGF-1 can improve post-transfer survival of in vitro produced embryos in the summer but not winter. Expression of several genes in the blastocyst was regulated by IGF-1 including IGF binding protein-3, desmocollin II, Na/K ATPase, Bax, heat shock protein 70 and IGF-1 receptor. These genes are likely candidates 1) for developing assays for selection of embryos for transfer and 2) as marker genes for improving culture conditions for embryo production. The fact that IGF-1 improved survival of embryos in heat-stressed recipients only is consistent with the hypothesis that IGF-1 confers cellular thermotolerance to bovine embryos. Other experiments confirmed this action of IGF-1. One action of IGF-1, the ability to block heat-shock induced apoptosis, was shown to be mediated through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. Other cellular determinants of resistance of embryos to elevated temperature were identified including redox status of the embryo and the ceramide signaling pathway. Developmental changes in embryonic apoptosis responses in response to heat shock were described and found to include alterations in the capacity of the embryo to undergo caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation as well as events downstream from caspase-3 activation. With the exception of IGF-1, other possible treatments to improve pregnancy rate to embryo transfer were not effective including selection of embryos for caspase activity, treatment of recipients with GnRH.and bilateral transfer of twin embryos. In conclusion, accomplishments achieved during the grant period have resulted in methods for improving post-transfer survival of in vitro produced embryos transferred into heat-stressed cows and have lead to additional avenues for research to increase embryo resistance to elevated temperature and improve survival to cryopreservation. In addition, embryo transfer of vitrified IVF embryos increased significantly the pregnancy rate in repeated breeder cows.

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Saatchi, Mahdi. Discovery of Functional Variants Remarkably Associated with Growth Traits in Several US Beef Cattle Populations. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-469.

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3

Hassen, Abebe T., Doyle E. Wilson, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth-Trait EPDs for 1998- and 1999-Born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-68.

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4

Hassen, Abebe T., Doyle E. Wilson, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth-Trait EPDs for 1998- and 1999-Born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-706.

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Lammers, Peter, David Stender, and Mark Honeyman. Growth and Carcass Characteristics of High-Lean Finishing Pigs Fed Reduced Lysine Diets in Bedded Hoop Barns. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1719.

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McDonald, Philip M., and Gary O. Fiddler. Effect of cattle grazing, seeded grass, and an herbicide on ponderosa pine seedling survival and growth. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-rp-242.

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Genther-Schroeder, Olivia N., Christopher A. Clark, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Effect of Trace Mineral Injection and Optaflexx on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Cattle. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1282.

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Hassen, Abebe T., D. E. Wilson, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth Trait EPDs for 1998-, 1999-, and 2000-born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-705.

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Hassen, Abebe T., Doyle E. Wilson, and Gene H. Rouse. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth Trait EPDs for 1998-, 1999-, and 2000-born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-766.

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Jedlicka, Megan E., Tsengeg Purevjav, Adam J. Conover, M. Peter Hoffman, Gary Pusillo, and Joan Torrent. Effects of Functional Oils and Monensin Alone or in Combination on Feedlot Cattle Growth and Carcass Composition (Progress Report). Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-464.

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