Dissertations / Theses: 'Leaded Glass'

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Levén, Kristina. "Within and Beyond : A collaboration by the Glass Craft duo BarroLevén." Thesis, Konstfack, Keramik & Glas, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6675.

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In this collaborative Craft Master project by Ulrika Barr and Kristina Levén, we have investigated how glass can affect an environment to create a space in between. A “Ma-space” that could offer a pause in the everyday life in relation to the public sphere. We have worked parallel with two expressions of glass in relation to a room. Rocks of Glass casted hot glass together with Foamglas and colors and Veils of Glass- fused window glass in leaded techniques. By using filming as a medium, projections brings out the inner world of the glass. Sound is another layer in the collage installation outcome.The collaboration has been from first idea and intuitive investigations in the workshop to the final installation.The material outcome is a unique expression for this Glass Craft duo called BarroLevén. The written part of the project includes both common and separate parts.

In collaboration with Ulrika Barr

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Baker, Cortney. "Women leaders in healthcare| Going beyond the glass ceiling." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3739568.

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Between 2004 and 2014, healthcare jobs were among the fastest growing occupations in the U.S, adding 4.3 million positions and expected job growth of 30.3%. The majority of the healthcare workforce is overwhelmingly dominated by women. However, when it comes to leadership positions, especially executive and board levels, females are considerably underrepresented. Interestingly, though, women, more than men, are reported to demonstrate traits such as transparency, compassion, and support for teamwork, which would benefit organizations as they venture into the future of healthcare delivery. In recent years, women have made minimal entry into the highest ranks of managerial positions of healthcare in American corporations. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to identify experiences, barriers, and obstacles that women in healthcare organizations have overcome in their efforts to obtain successful leadership positions. Ten women in varying capacities of healthcare leadership positions from across the United States engaged in open-ended interviews to discuss what obstacles and adversities they have faced and conquered to advance to their levels of leadership. The data focused on career paths, obstacles, leadership qualities, demographics, and experiences. The participants identified their perceived leadership styles to be centered around the importance of communication and what they deemed soft skills, suggesting a different style from their male counterparts. The results of this study confirmed that even in the 21st century, career barriers such as family responsibilities, gender, lack of self-confidence, and current career challenges continue to exist for women seeking executive leadership positions in the healthcare field. Keywords: women?s leadership, healthcare, leadership barriers, obstacles

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Khalf, Abdulkarim. "Lead-free ferroelectric glass-ceramics and composites." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/leadfree-ferroelectric-glassceramics-and-composites(33a5ca87-89ca-48d3-94c8-eb3c166067d5).html.

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Glass-ceramic composites and nanocrystalline glass-ceramics containing barium titanate (BT) or potassium sodium niobate (KNN) ferroelectric phases have been studied, with particular regard to their use as dielectric energy storage materials. Barium borosilicate glass (BBS) was used as a sintering aid for BT and KNN, producing glass-ceramic composites. The temperatures required to achieve densification were reduced from 1400 to 1200 Â°C for BCZT (Ca, Zr-doped BT) and 1170 to 1050 Â°C for KBN (Bi, Na, K, Zr-doped KNN) by the use of glass additives. An unexpected observation, found in both BCZT and KBN systems, was the heterogeneous dissolution of dopant elements into the glass, inducing additional anomalies in the relative permittivity-temperature relationships. For BCZT, the orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transformation temperature shifted upwards to â 50 Â°C, which was attributed to modification of the Ca/Zr ratio by preferential dissolution of Ca into the glass phase. Similarly, for KBN the dopant elements appeared to be leached into the liquid phase during sintering, resulting in relative permittivity-temperature characteristics similar to those of pure KNN. A modified BBS glass having various KNN contents was prepared by the conventional melt-quenching method and then heat-treated to induce crystallisation, producing nanocrystalline glass-ceramics. It is shown that crystallisation of an intermediate barium niobate phase initiates at temperatures in the region of 650 Â°C; this is subsequently converted into perovskite KNN together with a second phase of Ba3Nb5O15 at temperatures from 700 to 800 Â°C. The final crystallite size was in the region of 30Â±7 nm. The highest dielectric energy storage density of 0.134(4) J cm-3 was obtained for a glass-modified BT ceramic at an electric field level of 5 kV mm-1. However, the energy storage efficiency of the BT-based ceramics was relatively poor and they displayed a general tendency for saturation, indicating potentially poor performance at higher field levels. On the other hand, the KNN-based ceramics exhibited slightly lower energy storage density values, up to 0.108(1) J cm-3, but with much improved linearity and energy storage efficiency. Therefore, the latter is considered to be more suitable as energy storage dielectrics. The BBS-KNN glass-ceramics yielded relatively low energy storage density, 0.035(2) J cm-3, but the dielectric linearity and storage efficiency were similar to or better than those of the KNN ceramics, indicating good potential for use as energy storage dielectrics at very high electric field levels as a result of their nanocrystalline microstructures.

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Schacherl, Jeffrey D. "Glass siliconization process characterization for insulin delivery device performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104305.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 84-86).
Baked-in siliconization of glass cylinders, primary insulin containers, is a manufacturing process that is critical to the performance of drug delivery devices. Delivery devices are evolving and placing additional burden on production processes. Variability in siliconization and baking processes affects the resulting friction characteristics that are related to device performance criteria such as injection time and velocity, which are critical to the patient experience. The principal objective is to better characterize the performance of siliconized and baked glass, enabling improvement of device injection performance. A controlled study was conducted in order to strip away extraneous variables and enhance experimental control. State-of-the-art nanoscale measurement techniques and tribological (friction) equipment were employed to test the physical characteristics of silicone-coated glass. Data collected was statistically analyzed to determine relative significance of primary factors as well as variable interactions, with respect to friction of the rubber versus coated glass system. Lack of silicone or "dry spots" were found to be a key concern for siliconized glass. Siliconization amount was empirically modeled and found to have an exponential relationship with the coefficient of friction. High velocities exacerbated issues arising from lack of silicone. Based on the test results, a clearer definition of proper baked-in glass siliconization has emerged. Recommendations included minimum siliconization amount and an awareness of significant variable effects and interactions on system friction. Groundwork has been laid for further work including process optimization in the pursuit of improving insulin delivery device injection performance. The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Sanofi.
by Jeffrey D. Schacherl.
M.B.A.
S.M. in Engineering Systems

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Pablo, Fleurdelis, of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Science and Technology. "Adsorptive stripping voltammetry of trace elements on a glassy carbon mercury film electrode." THESIS_FST_XXX_Pablo_F.xml, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/207.

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This thesis describes the development of new adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric methods for reliable determination of some trace metals in biological and environmental materials on a glassy carbon mercury film electrode. In particular, the development of these methods involved selection of a suitable complexing agent for the respective metal ion studied, characterization of the electrode processes, investigation of factors affecting the voltammetric response such as concentration and pH of supporting electrolyte, concentration of complexing agent, accumulation potential, accumulation time and electrode rotation rate. Also, organic and inorganic interferences, linear concentration range, and detection limits were carefully considered. Furthermore, the analytical application of the method was demonstrated for each metal in biological and/or environmental materials, after optimization of the sample decomposition procedure. Some conclusions : the results obtained by the AdCSV method for the determination of tin in juices agreed reasonably with those obtained by atomic absorption method; the use of the adsorptive voltammetric technique after dry-ashing and UV treatment of the samples was successfully demonstrated for the determination of vanadium in standard reference materials such as urban particulate matter, peach leaves, apple leaves and bovine liver; and, the use of the adsorptive stripping voltammetric technique, after decomposition of samples by dry-ashing and UV treatment, was successfully demonstrated for the determination of molybdenum in peach leaves, apple leaves and bovine liver samples.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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McArthur, Scott D. (Scott Douglas). "An investigation of glass cartridge siliconization processes for improved device performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111497.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2017.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-89).
This study aims to advance understanding of baked-in siliconization of cartridges for application in Insulin injection pens. This research is motivated by lack of knowledge of baked-in siliconization and business opportunities a better understanding can provide. The primary contribution from this work is the development of a recommended silicone profile that can significantly reduce friction force variation within a cartridge during device use. An Insulin pen delivers Insulin to patients by the mechanical pushing of a rubber stopper through a cylindrical glass cartridge forcing the Insulin through a hypodermic needle at the cap end. This cartridge is coated with a very thin layer of silicone to reduce the force necessary for injection. This silicone layer is introduced to the cartridge prior to filling in the manufacturing process. This step of the filling process was characterized and results revealed different silicone profiles and friction force profiles for different filling lines. Correlations between silicone profile and friction forces were then developed for cartridges. As predicated, lower levels of silicone thickness and a higher percent of dry spots led to increased friction forces and higher variation among samples. These correlations were used to recommend a silicone profile with an average layer thickness greater than 60nm with fewer than 20% dry spots. Finally, atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment was explored as a pre-treatment step to improve siliconization. Findings from APP feasibility studies showed that APP increases glass surface energy and wettability, but that its effect wears off over time and therefore impact on siliconization is still unknown. These results set the stage for further research and process optimization of siliconization in the context of medical injection devices. Insights gained will contribute to design of new devices, improved manufacturing operations and increased quality for Sanofi and the pharmaceutical medical device industry. The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Sanofi.
by Scott D. McArthur.
M.B.A.
S.M.

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Barrett, N. T. "Glancing angle X-ray absorption spectroscopy to investigate changes in the local atomic structure around uranium in leached glasses." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382385.

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Sandgren, Elin. "Leaching of Glass Waste – Structure and Humidity Cell Tests." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388059.

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Glass production has historically occurred at around 50 glassworks in Sweden, in a region known as the Kingdom of Crystals (Glasriket). Today, most of these sites are no longer active and left behind is glass waste of different forms (both as fragments of finished glass as well as unrefined glass melts). Consequently, increased concentrations of different metals, especially arsenic, lead and cadmium, have been found around the sites, both in soil as well as in ground and surface water. Between 2016 and 2019, the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) assigned Golder Associates AB (Golder) to evaluate the environmental risks at three different glassworks: Flerohopp, Åryd and Alsterbro. The results, based on humidity cell tests (HCT) conducted on glass samples from each site, showed that glass itself leached to a surprisingly high extent. Based on this, the aim of this master thesis has been to explain trends in glass leaching by a thorough literature review and through the analysis of HCT data of glass samples. Additionally, the speciation of different metals in the leachate was investigated based on geochemical modelling using PHREEQC. Results from the literature review show that one of the possible mechanisms for the leaching of glass in contact with water is ion exchange, which occurs at the surface of the glass, namely between glass components and H+ ions in water. Additionally, the literature also argues that glass with higher silica content form a more resilient structure, in contrast to glass which contains a large amount of modifiers, such as Na and Ca. Researchers speculate that adding such modifiers to the glass mass opens up the structure, making it more vulnerable upon contact with water. Looking at the total concentration of elements from the three glassworks, the results show a variation in silica content in relation to other elements. In line with this hypothesis, the sample from Åryd, which contained a higher proportion of modifiers, showed a high leaching rate of both Na and Si. Furthermore, the result shows that the leaching of Na and As follows the same pattern over the HCT period for all glassworks. This is, to some extent, also the case for Pb although the correlation is not as significant. This could be explained by the result from geochemical modelling, showing that As tends to dissolve into the leachate while Pb is more prone to forming secondary minerals. Hence explaining their differences in leaching behavior. The result from this study showed no clear correlation between Ca and either As or Pb which could potentially be explained by the formation of precipitates. However, another approach to describe the difference in the behavior between Na and Ca is based on the glass structure itself as well as the hypothesis that Na+ participate in ion exchange to a larger extent than Ca2+. Consequently, the leaching of Na+ makes the surface structure more vulnerable, thereby promoting the leaching of other components such as As and Pb.
Produktion av glas har historiskt skett på cirka 50 glasbruk i Sverige i ett område som kallas Glasriket. I dag är produktionen vid majoriteten av dessa glasbruk avvecklad och kvar på platserna finns glasavfall i olika former, både som skärvor av färdigt glas och som ej färdigställd glasmassa. Som en konsekvens av detta har förhöjda halter av olika metaller, särskilt arsenik, bly och kadmium, påträffats i jorden såväl som i grund- och ytvattnet kring glasbruken. Mellan åren 2016 och 2019 gav Sveriges geologiska undersökning (SGU) i uppdrag till Golder Associates AB (Golder) att uträtta huvudstudier och bedömma risker vid tre olika glasbruk, Flerohopp, Åryd och Alsterbro. Resultaten, baserade på fuktkammarförsök på glassavfall, påvisade att glas lakade till en överraskande hög utsträckning. Detta resultat lade grunden till detta examensarbete med frågeställningar i syfte att förklara lakning av glas baserat på en genomgående litteraturstudie samt analys av resultat från fuktkammarförsöken. Vidare har även geokemisk modellering med programmet PHREEQC gjorts för att identifiera olika specifieringar av metaller som kan förväntas påträffas i lakvätskan. Resultat från litteraturstudien visar att en möjlig process som kan förklara lakning av glas vid kontakt med vatten är jonbyte mellan glasets beståndsdelar och H+-jonerna i vattnet. Tidigare studier påvisar att ett högre kiselinnehåll i glaset skapar en mer motståndskraftig struktur än glas som innehåller en förhållandevis hög andel modifierare, såom Na och Ca. Forskare spekularar kring huruvida tillsatsen av modifierare till glasmassan bidrar till att öppna upp glasstrukturen och som en konsekvens av detta göra strukturen mer sårbar. Vid analys av prover tagna vid de tre olika glasbruken påvisade resultaten ett varierat kiselinnehåll i förhållande till övriga ämnen. I linje med denna hypotes påvisade provet från Åryd den högsta andelen modifierare och samtidigt även den högsta lakningen av Na såväl som Si. Vidare påvisar resultatet att lakningen av Na och As följer samma mönster över hela fuktkammarförsöket. Detta kan delvis ses för Pb men korrelationen är inte lika signifikant som för As. En förklaring till detta baseras på resultat från geokemisk modellering, där As tenderar att gå i lösning medan Pb kan förväntas forma sekundära mineral vilket därmed kan antas kontrollera lakningen. Resultatet från denna studie visade ingen korrelation mellan varken Ca och As eller Ca och Pb vilket också skulle kunna förklaras av utfällningar i form av Ca-mineral i lakvätskan. En annan utgångspunkt för att beskriva den skillnad som kan ses mellan Na och Ca baseras på själva glasstrukturen och hur Na+ deltar i jonbyte till en högre grad än vad Ca2+ gör. Som en konsekvens av detta bidrar lakningen av Na+ till att ytan på glaset blir mer sårbar och på så sätt gör att ämnen som As och Pb blir mer lättåtkomliga. Detta resulterar i en större möjlighet för dessa att delta i reaktioner på ytan och därmed laka ut från strukturen.

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Ruivo, Andreia Filipa Cardoso. "Synthesis and characterization of innovative luminescent glasses for artistic applications." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11279.

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Unger, Alexandra M. "An analysis of differences in glass cartridge siliconization parameters and processes for manufacturing of pharmaceutical cartridges." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117961.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Some pages printed landscape. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 82-84).
The application of silicone inside of glass insulin cartridges helps reduce injection forces during drug delivery. This is important for a less painful patient experience. Insulin pen designs are increasingly reliant on consistent and repeatable injection forces as mechanized injection replaces manual injection. A minimum silicone layer thickness of 40nm is required to produce low gliding forces of approximately two Newtons with little variability. Differences seen in final gliding forces across production areas at Sanofi Insulin Frankfurt are small, but this variation makes it difficult to design for set-force mechanical injection. While the minimum silicone layer thickness required is established, how to achieve it consistently is less understood. This project looked at three insulin packaging lines at Sanofi Insulin Frankfurt that use different methods for siliconization. Differences between these lines were investigated in order to understand which parameters are the most important for creating an acceptable silicone layer thickness. First, each production line was mapped from loading of empty cartridges through the end of the heating tunnel, before insulin is packaged. Differences in the process were found in cleaning procedures, silicone application methods, and production settings. Points for potential variability were found at silicone mixing steps and during start/stop conditions. Lab experiments were developed to test cleaning procedures, heating time, standing time, air pressure of silicone blowout, and silicone concentration. Results from these experiments showed that some production processes have a greater effect than others on silicone layer thickness and subsequent gliding forces. Differences in cleaning procedures on each of the lines have little effect on overall silicone layer thickness and gliding forces. Time in the heating tunnel and standing time have a moderate effect. The largest effects were seen from silicone emulsion concentration and air blow out pressures in the flushing method of silicone application. The following recommendations are given to improve performance consistency across production areas: (I) standardize processes across production areas where possible, (2) reduce air pressure in the flushing process, and (3) eliminate process steps that can lead to several of these effects occurring in the same cartridge.
by Alexandra M. Unger.
M.B.A.
S.M.

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Pablo, Fleurdelis. "Adsorptive stripping voltammetry of trace elements on a glassy carbon mercury film electrode." Thesis, View thesis, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/207.

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This thesis describes the development of new adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric methods for reliable determination of some trace metals in biological and environmental materials on a glassy carbon mercury film electrode. In particular, the development of these methods involved selection of a suitable complexing agent for the respective metal ion studied, characterization of the electrode processes, investigation of factors affecting the voltammetric response such as concentration and pH of supporting electrolyte, concentration of complexing agent, accumulation potential, accumulation time and electrode rotation rate. Also, organic and inorganic interferences, linear concentration range, and detection limits were carefully considered. Furthermore, the analytical application of the method was demonstrated for each metal in biological and/or environmental materials, after optimization of the sample decomposition procedure. Some conclusions : the results obtained by the AdCSV method for the determination of tin in juices agreed reasonably with those obtained by atomic absorption method; the use of the adsorptive voltammetric technique after dry-ashing and UV treatment of the samples was successfully demonstrated for the determination of vanadium in standard reference materials such as urban particulate matter, peach leaves, apple leaves and bovine liver; and, the use of the adsorptive stripping voltammetric technique, after decomposition of samples by dry-ashing and UV treatment, was successfully demonstrated for the determination of molybdenum in peach leaves, apple leaves and bovine liver samples.

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Naqvi, Tazeen Zehra. "Recipe Of Crucibles : The major antecedents that contributes in shaping the crucibles of Pakistani women to become a successful leader." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-43768.

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Successful leadership is the dream of all the students of leadership for which various elements including personality, skills, vision etc. are mentioned by various scholars and researchers, but what is interesting to acknowledge is that all these elements are a manifest of the moment that alter the identity of an ordinary person into a successful leader. These moments are known to be called crucible of leadership.Crucible has a strong connection to the leadership but the mystery of what shapes these crucibles is an ever going process of research and narration. The fascination with studying the recipe of crucible is built on the foundation of my own crucible of leadership that shaped my skills and vision. Considering that, I decided to explore the recipe of crucible for what is close to me and for which I have the most knowledge about, I was ascertain to produce an informative piece of document for the readers with good authenticity and reality in my work. For this purpose I chose to explore the recipe of crucible for Pakistani female leaders.In the crucible of leadership, one of the most important element that plays role is the antecedents of a life story that builds a way to crucible and successful leadership. Thus, my focus of this study was to explore and narrate such antecedents that are the prime source of crucible of leadership for successful Pakistani female leaders. In order to do so, I had to get deep knowledge of the personal life of Pakistani female leaders, which I did by studying their biographies and testimonial accounts building a theory of antecedents as recipe of crucible through the approach of grounded theory.My qualitative analysis and sound coding, suggested a theory that, the most essential antecedents that hasn’t change in generation for Pakistani female leadership are the family antecedents (education, gender equality and a strong belief on principles) and social antecedents (lack of social acceptance), participating highest in shaping the crucible. Whereas, religion is a supportive antecedent but is not significantly impacting the crucible of leadership, as is widely perceived in the world. Furthermore, I concluded my study with highlighting the factor of patriarchy and role expectancy as the major hindrance in the successful female leadership in Pakistan.

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Mattila, Johanna, and Maija Uusilehto. "Female leaders' perceptions of the barriers and facilitating factors of their career in gender-equal Nordic countries." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43981.

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Background – This paper examined the literature on the concept of the glass ceiling in the management field, with an emphasis on Finnish and Swedish female leaders' perceptions of the barriers and facilitating factors of their career. Purpose – The purpose of this thesis was to explore the factors that affect the career development of women in the context of Nordic countries, namely in Finland and Sweden. Furthermore, this thesis tried to understand the welfare state paradox better and how the women in Finland and Sweden perceive it. Lastly, the purpose of this study was to find out if there are any differences between the perceptions of these countries due to the societal and cultural differences. Method – Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 female leaders from different companies in Finland and in Sweden. The grounded analysis was used in the qualitative analysis of the coding. Conclusion – The research resulted that there are several barriers and facilitating factors that have affected the career of female leaders. Finnish and Swedish women highlighted their own individual factors such as motivation, self-esteem and courage as the major facilitating factor, and thereof lack of them a barrier. Based on this research, women’s perception of Nordic welfare policies is that they are beneficial to career development, providing an opportunity to focus on work more. Contrary to the expectations, there were relatively few differences in perceptions between Finnish and Swedish female leaders identified in this study. However, it seems that in Sweden the responsibilities about family are shared more equally and the overall social atmosphere is more encouraging for women's career success.

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Eriksson, Emelie, and Michaela Levin. "Stereotypa barriärer för kvinnor : Hur kvinnliga styrelseledamöter i svenska aktiebolag hanterat stereotyphot och “glastaket” för att nå en högre position." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23626.

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Syfte: Stereotyper försvårar för kvinnor att nå ledande positioner, de kvinnor som når ledande positioner har tagit sig över barriärer för att ta sig till sin position. Vi vill ta reda på hur de lyckats ta sig över barriärerna. Syftet med vår studie är att öka förståelsen för hur kvinnliga ledamöter i aktiebolag upplever och hanterar barriären stereotyper. Syftet ska besvaras med hjälp av följande forskningsfrågor: På vilket sätt upplever kvinnor att barriären stereotyper påverkar möjligheterna att nå högre positioner? På vilket sätt kan kvinnorna påverka barriären stereotyper? Metod: Studien har utförts på ett kvalitativt vis och datan är insamlad genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Totalt har 10 kvinnliga ledamöter från svenska aktiebolag intervjuats, sex från Uppsala, tre från Bollnäs och en från Gävle. Den insamlade datan har sedan analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Resultat & slutsats: Studien visar att kvinnor upplever stereotyphot i form av barriärer men att de klarar av att ta sig igenom dessa. Barriärerna försvårar för kvinnorna att nå ledande positioner och kvinnorna hanterar dessa barriärer genom att läsa på mer och bevisa att dem kan, envishet är en viktig egenskap för att lyckas. Kvotering som är ett lagförslag från regeringen med syfte att få in fler kvinnor i styrelser är ingen bra idé. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Efter denna studie genomförts anser vi att det är nödvändigt att studera hur organisationer kan arbeta för att skapa en medvetenhet kring stereotyphot och hur de ska arbeta för att eliminera dem. Uppsatsens bidrag: Studiens bidrag till forskningen är att vi har kunnat namnge vissa av de barriärer som kvinnor möter i arbetslivet. Vi har undersökt hur kvinnorna upplevt dem och även bidragit med svar på hur de har hanterat barriären stereotyper. Studien har skapat en medvetenhet hos kvinnorna om stereotyper.
Aim: Stereotypes makes it difficult for women to reach senior positions, the women who does reach leadership positions have crossed barriers to get into that position. We want to find out how they managed to cross the barriers. The aim of this study is to create a greater understanding for the way female board members in registered companies perceives and manage the barrier stereotype. The purpose should be answered using the following research questions: In which way do women perceive that the barrier stereotypes affect their possibilities to reach higher positions? How can women affect the barrier stereotypes? Method: The study has been conducted in a qualitative way, and data is collected through semi-structured interviews. A total of 10 female members of Swedish companies was interviewed, six from Uppsala, three from Bollnas and one from Gavle. The collected data has been analyzed by a thematic analysis. Result & Conclusions: The study shows that women experience stereotype threat in the form of barriers, but they manage to get through these. The barriers make it difficult for women to achieve leadership positions and women deal with these barriers by reading more and prove that they can, persistence is an important characteristic for success. Affirmative is a draft law from the government in order to get more women on boards is not a good idea. Suggestions for future research: After this study carried out, we believe it is necessary to study how organizations can work to create awareness about the stereotype and how they should work to eliminate them. Contribution of the thesis: The study's contribution to research is that we have been able to name some of the barriers that women face in the workplace. We have investigated how women have experienced the barriers. We have also contributed with answers to how they handle the barrier stereotypes. The study has created an awareness among women about stereotypes.

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Ben, Kacem Ilyes. "Du cristal au plomb jusqu'aux déchets domestiques : rôle du plomb dans les verres et les vitrocéramiques : étude des systèmes PbO-SiO2, PbO-CaO-SiO2 et PbO-Al2O3-SiO2." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1030/document.

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Ce travail porte sur l’immobilisation du plomb dans les verres et les vitrocéramiques. Le premier volet de cette étude porte sur l’effet de l’incorporation du plomb sur la structure et les propriétés des verres silicatés. Il a été réalisé à partir de compositions de verre simples dans le binaire PbO-SiO2 et les deux ternaires PbO-CaO-SiO2 et PbO-Al2O3-SiO2. Le choix de ces compositions a permis de clarifier le rôle (Modificateur/formateur) du plomb dans ces verres. Des mesures de viscosité, de densité et de la température de transition vitreuse ont été effectuées sur les trois systèmes. Les résultats de ces analyses ont été complétés par des études spectroscopiques (spectroscopies Raman & d’absorption des rayons X) afin de lier les propriétés macroscopiques aux informations structurales dans un ordre à courte- et moyenne-distance. Le deuxième volet de cette étude porte sur la mise en œuvre et la caractérisation de vitrocéramiques obtenues par dévitrification. Les tests de dévitrification ont été effectués principalement sur quelques compositions issues des deux systèmes ternaires PbO-Al2O3-SiO2 et PbO-CaO-SiO2
This thesis deals with the immobilization of lead in glasses and glass-ceramics. The first part of this study deals with the effect of the incorporation of lead on the structure and properties of silicate glass. It was conducted on simple glass compositions, in the binary PbO-SiO2 and the two ternaries PbO-CaO-SiO2 and PbO-Al2O3-SiO2. The choice of these compositions made it possible to clarify the role of lead (modifier / former) in these glasses. Measurements of viscosity, density and glass transition temperature were carried out on the three systems. The results of these analysis have been supplemented by spectroscopic studies (Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopy) in order to link macroscopic properties to structural information in a short- and medium-range order. The second part of this study concerns the implementation and characterization of glass-ceramics obtained by devitrification. The devitrification tests were carried out mainly on some compositions resulting from the two ternary systems PbO-Al2O3-SiO2 and PbO-CaO-SiO2

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Coskun, Aykut. "Post- Use Design Thinking For Product Design Process And Sustainability A Study On An Educational Project In Glass Packaging." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612411/index.pdf.

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The rapid disposal of products has detrimental effects on environment which is increasing resource consumption for the production of new products, along with the waste production. Therefore, designing long lasting products has great importance for achieving sustainable consumption and production. The present study analyzes the implications of an approach called post-use design thinking for achieving sustainable consumption and production through product longevity. To explore that approach, two educational industrial design projects are analyzed throughout the study. The results suggest that post-use design thinking should be considered at the early stages of the design process. The idea generation exercises developed specifically for this design thinking seem to be helpful in generating design solutions for post-use phase. The results also indicate that the post-use design thinking is feasible in terms of design and production for glass packaging products, which is the specific case analyzed throughout the research.

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Yacoub, Arlina, and Amanda Backhaus. "Delägarskapet inom redovisnings- och revisionsbranschen : En studie om faktorer som kan påverka kvinnors möjlighet att bli delägare." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-28384.

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Problemdiskussion: Allt fler arbetar för en mer jämställd arbetsplats, på EY har antalet kvinnliga delägare ökat från 13 procent till 16 procent, vilket är ett resultat av ett aktivt jämställdhetsarbete som började för fem år sedan. Även på Deloitte har andelen kvinnliga delägare ökat från 17 procent till 20 procent. Avsaknaden av kompetenta kvinnor sägs inte vara en förklaring till varför det är få kvinnliga delägare, en förklaring som ofta används är att rekrytering till de högre positionerna ofta sammanfaller med tidpunkten då många skaffar barn. Andra menar att glastaket kan vara en förklaring till den ojämna fördelningen. Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar kvinnors möjlighet att bli delägare. Även se om dessa faktorer kan vara förklaringar till varför det är få kvinnliga delägare inom redovisning- och revisionsbranschen. Metod: Empirin i studien består av intervjuer med tio respondenter. Empirin har analyserats mot den teoretiska referensramen som består av teorier om glastaket, föräldraledighet och organisatoriska faktorer. Analys och slutsats: De faktorer som har identifierats i studien är att föräldraledigheten har en negativ påverkan och stödet från chefen har positiv påverkan på möjligheten att bli delägare. Dock visade studien att viljan hos de kvinnliga respondenterna att bli delägare är låg. Respondenternas upplevelser gällande glastaket varierade och därför kunde ingen klar slutsats dras om glastakets existens.
Background: More and more people are working to get a more equal workplace. The numbers of female partners has increased from 13 percent to 16 percent at EY, which are the results of an active equality work that began five years ago. While at Deloitte the proportion of female partners has increased from 17 percent to 20 percent. The problem is not considered that there is an absence of competent women, it is said to be that recruitment to the higher positions often coincides with the time when many women have children. Others mean that the glass ceiling may be an explanation for the uneven distribution. Purpose: The purpose is to examine what factors affect women’s opportunity to become partners. Also see if these factors may explain why there are few female partners in the accounting and auditing industry. Method: The empirical study consists of interviews with ten respondents. The empirical data were then analyzed against the theoretical framework that consists of theories about the glass ceiling, parental leave and organizational factors. Analysis and conclusion: The factors that have been identified in this study is that parental leave has a negative impact and the support of the manager has a positive impact on the possibility to become a partner. However, the study also showed that the will of the female respondents to become partners is low. The respondents' experiences varied regarding the glass ceiling and because of that, a clear conclusion could not be drawn about the glass ceiling's existence.

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Beltrán, González Martí. "Analysis and degradation mechanisms of enamels, grisailles and silver stains on Modernist stained glass." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671478.

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Materials and methods used in the production of modernist (late 19th and early 20th century) stained glass from the city of Barcelona with special regards to the degradation mechanisms of enamels, grisailles and silver stains have been studied. Coloured enamels from the raw materials used in the Rigalt, Granell & cia modernist workshops from Barcelona were produced and compared to those found in the buildings and belonging to the private collection of J.M. Bonet workshop to explore the reason for the reduced stability of the blue and green enamels. The chemical composition has been determined (and pigments identified) by means of Laser Ablation Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, and the thermal properties of the enamels measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Hot Stage Microscopy (HSM). The enamels are made of a lead-zinc borosilicate glass characterised by its low sintering temperatures and high stability against chemical corrosion, in particular to water corrosion. However, the relatively narrow range of firing temperatures necessary for correct adherence of the enamels to the contemporary glass base may have required the addition of a high lead borosilicate flux, which would have increased the lead content of the enamel, decreasing the firing temperature but also its stability. The historical enamels show a lead, boron and zinc depleted silica rich amorphous glass, with precipitated lead and calcium sulphates or carbonates, characteristic of extensive atmospheric corrosion. The blue and green enamels show a heterogeneous layered microstructure more prone to degradation which is augmented by a greater heating and thermal stress affectation produced by the enhanced Infrared absorbance of blue tetrahedral cobalt colour centres and copper ions dissolved in the glass and, in particular, of the cobalt spinel particles
S'han estudiat els materials i mètodes utilitzats en la producció dels vitralls modernistes (finals del segle XIX i començaments del segle XX) de la ciutat de Barcelona, especialment en relació als mecanismes de degradació d’esmalts, grisalles i grocs de plata. S'han produït i estudiat els esmalts de color a partir de les matèries primeres utilitzades pel taller Rigalt, Granell & cia de Barcelona, per comparar amb mostres originals pertanyents a la col·lecció privada del taller J.M. Bonet vitralls per així estudiar la raó de la reduïda estabilitat dels esmalts blaus i verds. La composició química i els pigments han estat identificats per LA-ICP-MS, espectroscòpia d'UV-Vis-NIR i XRD, i les propietats tèrmiques dels esmalts han estat mesurades amb DSC i HSM. Els esmalts són vidres borosilicats de plom i zinc caracteritzats per baixes temperatures de sinterització i una gran estabilitat contra la corrosió química, especialment respecte a la corrosió de l'aigua. No obstant, el relativament estret marge de temperatures necessari per una correcta adherència dels esmalts al vidre base de l’època podria haver requerit l’addició d’un fundent amb un alt tant per cent de plom i bor, que podria haver augmentat la proporció de plom a l’esmalt disminuint la temperatura de treball juntament amb la seva estabilitat. Els esmalts històrics presenten una composició alterada a on plom, bor i zinc han disminuït en front a un augment de la proporció de silici a la fase vítria, amb l’aparició de precipitats de sulfats o carbonats de plom i calci, característics de l’efecte de la corrosió atmosfèrica. Els esmalts blaus i verds presenten una microestructura en capes heterogènies que són més susceptibles a la degradació, la qual augmenta degut a la calor i l’estrès tèrmic respecte al vidre base que provoca una major absorbància a la regió de l’infraroig proper deguda a la presència d’estructures tetraèdriques dels ions de cobalt i coure dissoltes a la fase vítria, i en particular de les partícules d'espinel·les de cobalt
Se han estudiado los materiales y métodos utilizados en la producción de los vitrales modernistas (finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX) de la ciudad de Barcelona, especialmente en relación a los mecanismos de degradación de esmaltes, grisallas y amarillos de plata. Se han producido y estudiado los esmaltes de color a partir de las materias primas utilizadas por el taller Rigalt, Granell & cia de Barcelona, para luego comparar con muestras originales de la colección privada del taller J.M. Bonet vitralls y así estudiar la razón de la reducida estabilidad de los esmaltes azules y verdes. La composición química y los pigmentos han sido identificados por LA-ICP-MS, espectroscopía UV-Vis-NIR, y las propiedades térmicas de los esmaltes han sido medidas con DSC y HSM. Los esmaltes son vidrios borosilicatos de plomo y zinc caracterizados por bajas temperaturas de sinterizado y una gran estabilidad contra la corrosión química, especialmente contra la corrosión del agua. No obstante, el relativamente estrecho margen de temperaturas necesario para una correcta adherencia de los esmaltes al vidrio base de la época podría haber requerido la adición de un fundente con un alto tanto por ciento de plomo y boro, que podría haber aumentado la proporción de plomo en el esmalte disminuyendo la temperatura de trabajo junto con su estabilidad. Los esmaltes históricos presentan una composición alterada donde plomo, boro y zinc han disminuido a favor de un aumento de la proporción de silicio en la fase vítrea, con la aparición de precipitados de sulfatos o carbonatos de plomo y calcio, característicos del efecto de la corrosión atmosférica. Los esmaltes azules y verdes presentan una microestructura en capas heterogéneas que es mas susceptible a la degradación, que aumenta debido a la temperatura y al estrés térmico respecto al vidrio base que provoca una mayor absorbancia en la región del infrarrojo cercano debido a la presencia de estructuras tetraédricas de los iones de cobalto y cobre disueltos en la fase vítrea, así como a la presencia de partículas de espinelas de cobalto

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Janardanan, Dipa. "Images of loss in Tennessee Williams's The glass menagerie, Arthur Miller's Death of a salesman, Marsha Norman's Night, mother, and Paula Vogel's How I learned to drive." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11122007-085911/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Matthew C. Roudane, committee chair; Pearl McHaney, Nancy Chase, committee members. Electronic text (208 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 28, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 192-208).

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Halldin, Alice, and Maria Andersson. "Fler kvinnor till toppen : Management för att främja jämställdhet på ledande positioner inom byggbranschen." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Industriell ekonomi och organisation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36016.

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Research question: How can JM Construction (sv. JM Entreprenad) work to encourage women to reach leading positions within the organization based on a management perspective? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe how a male-dominated organization within the construction industry, from a management perspective, can work towards gender equality in leading positions within the organization. Method: The study was of a qualitative nature based on a deductive approach, which enables interaction between theories and empirical findings. The theoretical framework was based on scientific articles and books. Empirical data collection was conducted through 21 interviews, a focus group and meetings at JM Construction as well as reports and observations. Based on theoretical framework and empirical findings, a thematic analysis was conducted. Conclusion: A male-dominated organization within the construction industry can, from a management perspective, work towards gender equality in leading positions by actively communicate and illustrate the importance of gender equality. An organization with few women in leading positions should work with increasing the representation of women in leading positions and exemplify female role models, because there may exist a glass ceiling in the construction industry. An organization that wants to implement gender equality in leading positions needs to formulate clear gender goals and strategies for gender quality and formulate a gender equality plan. It is important to consider gender equality as an organizational change. In order to promote women, specific support for women can be implemented, such as role models, encouragement, individual career plans and access to personal contacts through networks and mentoring programs. It is important that an organization in the construction industry considers structural capital alongside with personal qualities within a recruiting process.
Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur en mansdominerad organisation inom byggbranschen, ur ett ledningsperspektiv, kan arbeta för att främja jämställdhet på ledande positioner inom organisationen. Metod: Studien var av kvalitativ karaktär med utgångspunkt i en deduktiv ansats, vilket möjliggjorde en interaktion mellan teori och empirisk datainsamling. Teorin var baserad på vetenskapliga artiklar och böcker. Empirisk datainsamling genomfördes via 21 intervjuer, en fokusgrupp och möten vid JM Entreprenad samt via rapporter och observationer. Utifrån teori och empiri genomfördes en tematisk analys. Slutsats: En mansdominerad organisation inom byggbranschen kan, ur ett ledningsperspektiv, arbeta med att främja jämställdhet genom att aktivt kommunicera och belysa problematiken vikten av jämställdhet. En organisation med få kvinnor i ledande positioner bör arbeta med att öka representationen av kvinnor på ledande befattningar och lyfta kvinnliga förebilder, då ett glastak kan existera inom byggbranschen. En organisation som vill främja jämställdhet på ledande positioner bör utforma tydliga jämställdhetsmål och strategier samt formulera en jämställdhetsplan. Viktigt är att jämställdhetsarbete betraktas som en organisationsförändring. För att främja kvinnor kan specifika stöd riktade mot kvinnor implementeras, exempelvis förebilder, uppmuntran, individuella karriärplaner och tillgång till personliga relationer via nätverk och mentorskapsprogram. Det är viktigt att en organisation i byggbranschen väger strukturkapital mot personliga egenskaper vid rekrytering.

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Presta, Florian. "Solutions alternatives pour limiter le relargage du plomb dans des articles manufacturés en cristal." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22694.

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Dans un contexte de forte évolution des réglementations relatives à l'alimentarité des matériaux, l'industrie cristallière est tout particulièrement concernée vis à vis du plomb à travers son catalogue des arts de la table. Aussi il lui est nécessaire d'avoir une connaissance approfondie des procédés actuellement mis en œuvre pour limiter le relargage du plomb et d'étudier des solutions alternatives. Dans une première approche, la substitution du plomb peut alors être envisagée. La revue bibliographique menée sur la question montre alors les limites d’une telle démarche à commencer par la perte de l’appellation cristal. L’autre solution consiste à la réalisation d’opérations de modification des objets en cristal par traitement ou revêtement de surface. Les deux pistes sont alors étudiées et un procédé pour chacune d’entre elles est proposé. Différents aspects sont regardés permettant de qualifier, évaluer et éventuellement comparer ces protocoles. Enfin, en fonction de leurs aptitudes et performances respectives, ces solutions sont mises en œuvre sur différents types de supports de tailles, formes et couleurs différentes
In a strong evolution context of release limits in the qualification standards of food contact suitability, especially for lead, it became necessary for the lead crystal glass makers to better understand the processes currently implemented in the manufactories, then to study and to develop new solutions to reduce lead leaching of lead crystal glass items from their tableware catalogs. In a first approach, lead substitution can be considered. The literature review conducted on the question then shows the limits of such approach starting with the loss of lead crystal glass appellation. The other solution consists in modifying lead crystal glass objects by surface treatment or coating. The two tracks are studied and a method for each of them is proposed. Different aspects are looked to qualify, to evaluate and to possibly compare these protocols. Finally, according to their respective capabilities and performances, these solutions are tested on different sized, shaped and colored items

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Fenn, Thomas. "APPLICATIONS OF HEAVY ISOTOPE RESEARCH TO ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF PROVENANCE AND TRADE ON CASES FROM AFRICA AND THE NEW WORLD." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204329.

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Applications of lead and strontium isotope analysis were made on archaeological materials from three different contexts in both the Old and New Worlds. These materials comprised pre-Hispanic glaze painted ceramics from Arizona, U.S.A., glass beads from late first millennium AD Igbo-Ukwu, Nigeria, and copper-based metals from early first millennium AD Kissi, Burkina Faso. All materials contain lead at major, minor, or trace concentrations, and lead isotope analysis was employed to determine a provenance for that lead. Strontium isotope analysis also was applied to glass beads from Igbo-Ukwu to determine provenance(s) for strontium found in the glass. Furthermore, application of elemental composition analysis was or had been employed on all samples for additional data comparisons within assemblages and with comparable archaeological materials.Results of these analyses determined, in most cases, regional provenance with high degrees of confidence for lead contained in the analyzed samples. Strontium and elemental composition analysis data also proved valuable in confirming the regional provenance of the raw glass used to produce the glass beads. Leads in the glaze paints from Arizona, which demonstrated a range of resources exploitation, were confidently restricted to a few regions for their procurement. Likewise leads in most glass beads from Igbo-Ukwu were confidently restricted to two main source regions, with a third strong contender also being identified. The elemental composition and strontium isotope data determined with confidence the production regions for the primary raw glasses used to make the glass beads. Finally, leads in copper-based metals from Burkina Faso also were restricted to a few regions, although some inconclusiveness in provenance determination was attributed to mixing of metals from difference sources.These results confirm the utility of heavy isotope analysis of archaeological materials for provenance determination. The combination of these data with elemental composition analyses further confirm the interpretive strength of combining independent but related sets of analytical data for exploring questions of archaeological provenance. With improvements in instrument technology and application in the past two decades, very high precision and high accuracy analyses can be made which eliminate some earlier concerns of heavy isotope applications in archaeology.

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Åström, Agnes, and Evelina Ljungman. "Kvinnor som ledare inom industriföretag : En studie om hur kvinnor kan ta sig tillledande positioner." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25208.

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Research question: How does the industrial company Scania work to get more women in leadership positions? Purpose: The purpose of this work is to describe how companies in a male-dominated industry can work to get a higher share of female leaders. Method: This survey was based on a deductive approach with a qualitative method. Theories have been obtained primarily from scientific articles and the empirical part has been collected through interviews from the companies Wiminvest and Scania. Conclusion: The conclusions the study came up with was different elements that companies in male-dominated industries can work with to get a higher share of female leaders. The first thing that companies can do is to join the project BON or similar projects to work on this issue. They can work with workshops and lectures to disseminate knowledge about the topic. Companies can also create a central function with the responsibility to control the equality work in the organization. They can also work on creating clear goals in terms of gender equality in the company. Companies in this industry can work on to bring more mentors and role models through different communication channels and to design career plans and development opportunities for women. A talent pool or something similar for women can be helpful to create where women can have a valuable network and thereby find mentors and role models. Companies can work with reviewing their recruitment process by, for example, to advertise all positions, for a longer period, try to have an equal distribution of men and women at the recruitment for managerial positions and create a clearer profile of requirements.
Frågeställning: Hur arbetar industriföretaget Scania för att få in fler kvinnor i ledande positioner? Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att beskriva hur företag inom en mansdominerad bransch kan arbeta för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Metod: Denna undersökning har utgått från en deduktiv ansats med en kvalitativ metod. Teorier har inhämtats främst från vetenskapliga artiklar och empiridelen har insamlats med hjälp av intervjuer från företagen Wiminvest och Scania. Slutsats: De slutsatser som studien kom fram till var olika faktorer som företag i mansdominerade branscher kan arbeta med för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Det första som företagen kan göra är att gå med i liknande projekt som BON för att arbeta med denna fråga. De kan arbeta med workshops och föreläsningar för att sprida kunskap om ämnet. Företagen kan även skapa en central funktion som har till ansvar att styra jämställdhetsarbetet i organisationen. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. Företagen inom denna bransch kan arbeta med att få in fler mentorer och förebilder genom olika kommunikationskanaler samt utforma karriärplaner och utvecklingsmöjligheter för kvinnor. En talangpool eller något liknande för kvinnor kan vara bra att skapa där de kan få ett värdefullt nätverk och därigenom hitta mentorer och förebilder. Företagen kan arbeta med att se över sin rekryteringsprocess genom att till exempel annonsera ut alla tjänster under en längre tid, försöka ha en jämn fördelning av män och kvinnor vid tillsättning av en chefsposition samt skapa en tydligare kravprofil.

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Ljungman, Evelina, and Agnes Åström. "Kvinnor som ledare inom industriföretag : - En studie om hur kvinnor kan ta sig till ledande positioner." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27969.

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Sammanfattning Sammanfattning - ”Hur kvinnor ska lyckas ta sig fram i en mansdominerad bransch” Datum: 2014-05-27 Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 ECTS Institution: Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, EST, Mälardalens Högskola Författare: Evelina Ljungman Agnes Åström 910906 901118 Titel: ”Hur kvinnor ska lyckas ta sig fram i en mansdominerad bransch” Handledare: Angelina Sundstöm Nyckelord: ”kvinnligt ledarskap”, ”glastak”, ”kvinnor i industrin”, ”kvinnor i toppositioner” Frågeställning: Hur arbetar industriföretaget Scania för att få in fler kvinnor i ledande positioner? Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att beskriva hur företag inom en mansdominerad bransch kan arbeta för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Metod: Denna undersökning har utgått från en deduktiv ansats med en kvalitativ metod. Teorier har inhämtats främst från vetenskapliga artiklar och empiridelen har insamlats med hjälp av intervjuer från företagen Wiminvest och Scania. Slutsats: De slutsatser som studien kom fram till var olika faktorer som företag i mansdominerade branscher kan arbeta med för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Det första som företagen kan göra är att gå med i liknande projekt som BON för att arbeta med denna fråga. De kan arbeta med workshops och föreläsningar för att sprida kunskap om ämnet. Företagen kan även skapa en central funktion som har till ansvar att styra jämställdhetsarbetet i organisationen. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. Företagen inom denna bransch kan arbeta med att få in fler mentorer och förebilder genom olika kommunikationskanaler samt utforma karriärplaner och utvecklingsmöjligheter för kvinnor. En talangpool eller något liknande för kvinnor kan vara bra att skapa där de kan få ett värdefullt nätverk och därigenom hitta mentorer och förebilder. Företagen kan arbeta med att se över sin rekryteringsprocess genom att till exempel annonsera ut alla tjänster under en längre tid, försöka ha en jämn fördelning av män och kvinnor vid tillsättning av en chefsposition samt skapa en tydligare kravprofil.
Abstract Abstract- “How women should manage to advance in a male-dominated industry” Date: 2014-05-27 Level: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Evelina Ljungman Agnes Åström 910906 901118 Title: “How women should manage to advance in a male-dominated industry” Tutor: Angelina Sundström Keywords: ”female leaders”, ”glass cliff”, ”women in industry”, “women in top positions” Research question: How does the industrial company Scania work to get more women in leadership positions? Purpose: The purpose of this work is to describe how companies in a male-dominated industry can work to get a higher share of female leaders. Method: This survey was based on a deductive approach with a qualitative method. Theories have been obtained primarily from scientific articles and the empirical part has been collected through interviews from the companies Wiminvest and Scania. Conclusion: The conclusions the study came up with was different elements that companies in male-dominated industries can work with to get a higher share of female leaders. The first thing that companies can do is to join the project BON or similar projects to work on this issue. They can work with workshops and lectures to disseminate knowledge about the topic. Companies can also create a central function with the responsibility to control the equality work in the organization. They can also work on creating clear goals in terms of gender equality in the company. Companies in this industry can work on to bring more mentors and role models through different communication channels and to design career plans and development opportunities for women. A talent pool or something similar for women can be helpful to create where women can have a valuable network and thereby find mentors and role models. Companies can work with reviewing their recruitment process by, for example, to advertise all positions, for a longer period, try to have an equal distribution of men and women at the recruitment for managerial positions and create a clearer profile of requirements.

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Mbatha, Mbalenhle. "A qualitative investigation of gendered perspectives on, maternity leave/family responsibility duties/social roles and access to career development, in the Johannesburg branch of a Multination Corporation (MNC): the case of company A, S.A. Johannesburg branch." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5657.

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In recent years, there has been increasing concern that gender bias has prevented women from advancing as rapidly and as frequently as men into management positions. Although the number of women managers has increased, they may experience difficulty moving into upper management positions. The purpose of our research was to study employee gender perception of key variables of women and the positions held in high technology companies. In this research, phenomenological research method was chosen, because the aim of it is to determine what the experience means for the people who have experienced it. Based on the collected data, answers and experiences, structural analysis was done in order to find out the major phenomena of gender perceptions. A number of variables uncover the perception of aspects of policy and gender and barriers that may affect female employees' opportunities for advancement. Using a sample of 30 full-time employees from Company A, the results indicated that position held was significantly different for male and female employees. The results also indicated that neither male nor female employees appeared to notice the apparent perceptions apparently as a glass ceiling within their company and the Implications discussed and recommendations provided. With reference to the Empirical research, this paper increases the knowledge about women’s career development and provides recommendations how to deal with it. It is also expected that this thesis will be helpful to all women who are in the labour market for their career development and advancement.

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Cloninger, Susan K. "Exploring the Lives of Women Who Lead." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1503333455887966.

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Ison, Stephen John. "Interfacial reactions between PbO-rich glasses and aluminium composites." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364605.

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REIS, SIGNO T. dos. "Durabilidade quimica de vidros sinterizados a base de fosfato de ferro e chumbo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10728.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06528.pdf: 7080627 bytes, checksum: 21b5c941bd62d915113928c48d6e1209 (MD5)
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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Stone, Cora Emma. "Neutron studies of amorphous solids." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396244.

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Fryda, Daniel. "Efekt přítlaku vyvozovaného na elektrodový systém olověného akumulátoru s experimentálními elektrodami s příměsí skelných vláken." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220185.

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This Master’s thesis deals with the lead-acid batteries, which are alternativ power supply. The lead-acid batteries are the oldest type of battery cells. This lead-acid batteries have a great use in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which operate in different modes of vehicle operation. These modes correspond to the reactions taking place during discharging and charging the battery. The lead-acid batteries in hybrid electric vehicles work in mode PSoC. The practical part of the Master`s thesis examines how the characteristics of lead-acid batteries are modified due to admixture of glass fibers into negative active material and application of pressure to the electrode system.

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Tanguier, Jean-Louis. "Étude fondamentale et appliquée du réchauffage du cristal au plomb par rayonnement infra-rouge." Nancy 1, 1989. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1989_0525_TANGUIER.pdf.

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Dans l'industrie du verre, et en particulier chez les cristalliers, les fours de réchauffe des ébauches sont alimentés en gaz sous pression. Ils sont bruyants, polluants et gros consommateurs d'énergie. Pour limiter ces nuisances et améliorer les performances énergétiques, un four à rayonnement infrarouge d'origine électrique est à l'étude. Sa mise au point nécessite de définir les mécanismes de transfert de chaleur qui régissent les évolutions de température dans un milieu semi-transparent (MST) dont la forme originale est cylindrique. Après avoir mené une importante recherche bibliographique relative aux propriétés thermo-optiques du matériau concerné, un verre au plomb, la mesure du champ de température dans un bloc de verre au cours des différentes phases de travail a été réalisée sur le site industriel. Cela a nécessité la mise au point d'une technique de mesure fiable et adaptée au milieu industriel. L'analyse fondamentale des résultats obtenus a conduit à proposer une modélisation des transferts couplés (rayonnement - conduction et convection) existant dans le verre ainsi qu'entre le verre et son environnement. Elle repose sur l'étude des luminances et s'appuie sur une triple discrétisation (temporelle, zonale et spectrale). L'exploitation du modèle de simulation permet de prévoir la répartition spectrale du rayonnement infrarouge, la puissance et donc le type d'émetteurs à mettre en œuvre pour obtenir un réchauffage du cristal correspondant aux impératifs de fabrication. La réalisation d'un four expérimental et des premiers essais réalisés avec celui-ci ont permis de prouver que le réchauffage du verre par rayonnement infrarouge est non seulement possible mais également que ce procédé permet de réduire considérablement les consommations énergétiques ainsi que les nuisances

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Gerlich, Jakub. "Kombinovaný vliv skelných vláken a oxidu titaničitého jako aditiv záporné elektrody na vlastnosti olověného akumulátoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318097.

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This thesis deals with the problematic of lead acid batteries for HEVs. It starts with classification of electrochemical cells then proceeds to focus on lead acid batteries, mainly because they are the most used source of electrical power in automotive industry. The practical part of the work describes the process of manufacturing the electrode system used in the later parts. The experimental part is focused on the behaviour of the cells under conditions that appear in hybrid electric vehicles. The effect of aditives in active matter of the negative electrode on the parameters of the cells is observed, such as voltage, capacity and operating life

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Antir, Bouchaa Insaf. "L’accès des femmes aux postes à responsabilité au sein de la Fonction publique et dans le secteur privé en Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100009/2020PA100009.pdf.

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Pionnière dans la consécration de l’égalité entre hommes et femmes, la Tunisie a constitué, dès son indépendance (1956), une exception dans le monde arabe. En revanche, malgré une législation favorable à l’égalité, les femmes salariées sont sous-représentées dans l'encadrement de la fonction publique, alors qu’elles y sont aussi nombreuses et éduquées que leurs homologues masculins. Les bouleversements politiques actuels ont eu des répercussions notables sur la vie active des femmes, notamment la distribution des salaires sur le marché du travail et les modes de recrutement, et, par ricochet, sur les possibilités de carrière et l’accès aux emplois les mieux rémunérés. Pour étudier la situation des femmes et la disparité salariale dans le secteur public et privé, notre approche est essentiellement empirique. Deux modèles sont appliqués sur les enquêtes nationales sur l’emploi 2011 et 2015 en vue de calculer l'écart salarial et apporter des éléments de réponses quant au secteur le plus discriminant. Ainsi, nonobstant les acquis indéniables, l’applicabilité de l’égalité - entre femmes et hommes sur le marché de l’emploi - demeure toujours lacunaire
Pioneering the consecration of gender equality, Tunisia has been an exception in the Arab world since its independence (1956). Despite favorable equality legislation, female employees are under-represented in the civil service, while they are as numerous and educated as their male counterparts. The current political upheavals have had a significant impact on women's working lives, including the distribution of wages in the labor market and patterns of recruitment, and in turn, women's career opportunities and allowed them to higher-paying jobs. To study the situation of women and the wage gap in the public and private sectors, our approach is essentially empirical. I have applied two models to the to the national employment surveys of 2011 and 2015 surveys to calculate the wage gap and provide some answers to the most discriminating sector. Notwithstanding, the undeniable gains, the applicability of gender equality on the job market is still patchy

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Dubose, Lisa E. "Experiences in the Leadership Advancement of African American Women." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1510681105954819.

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Castandet, Stephanie. "Matériaux et décors colorés dans l'abbatiale Cluny III : approche archéométrique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2015/document.

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L’étude des matériaux et des décors colorés de l’abbatiale Cluny III s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Gunzo (Arts et Métiers ParisTech – Cluny) qui avait pour but la valorisation du patrimoine clunisien par l'intermédiaire des technologies numériques en réalité virtuelle. Un des axes de ce projet était d’élaborer une restitution virtuelle de la Maior Ecclesia en recréant une architecture la plus proche possible de la réalité à l’aide de l’étude des vestiges et des sources iconographiques et historiques qui nous sont parvenus associée aux recherches archéologiques les plus récentes. Outre l’architecture, il s’agissait également de proposer une restitution des décors de l’abbatiale et de son ambiance colorée. Nous avons concentré nos recherches, dans ce travail doctoral, sur les fragments de vitraux archéologiques mis au jour sur les sites de Cluny et de Paray-le-Monial, ainsi que sur les polychromies des fragments lapidaires du portail roman de Cluny, par une approche archéométrique. Les vitraux sont des éléments filtrants qui modulent la lumière tant en quantité qu’en coloration et jouent donc un rôle important dans la création d’une ambiance lumineuse et colorée. Les décors polychromes participent également à l’amélioration et la coloration de l’éclairement. De plus la connaissance des matériaux d’origine est préalable à toute restitution virtuelle en raison de la possible altération des pigments ou des décors métalliques (modification de la couleur) et d’éventuels repeints pouvant induire des changements de parti coloré.Une grande majorité des fragments de verre ont été mis au jour dans des contextes de remblais limitant leur datation à une approche typo-chronologique. Les classifications archéologiques élaborées ont été confrontées aux résultats d’analyses physico-chimiques qui nous ont permis d’affiner la datation de certains fragments et nous ont apporté de nombreux détails techniques. En ce qui concerne le portail de la Maior Ecclesia, qui occupe une place centrale dans l’art roman, nous avons précisé l’image de ce « puzzle lapidaire » tant au niveau de l’iconographie que de la polychromie. L’analyse physico-chimique des restes colorés a permis d’identifier les différents matériaux mis en œuvre dans la décoration du portail. Nous avons pu observer quatre phases polychromes, l’utilisation de pigments coûteux et l’abondance des décors métalliques.Nous avons ainsi contribué à la compréhension des décors colorés de l’abbatiale clunisienne. Cette étude représente une étape dans la compréhension d’un patrimoine archéologique qui, tôt ou tard, sera enrichi ; rappelons en effet qu’une partie des fragments de l’abbatiale est encore enfouie
The study of materials and coloured decors of the abbey-church Cluny III is part of the Gunzo project (Arts et Métiers ParisTech – Cluny) which led the research and the promotion of the cluniac heritage thanks to digital technologies and virtual reality. This interdisciplinary team worked on the creation of a new digital model of the Maior Ecclesia, according to the latest scientific research, including the archaeological excavations and the study of the documentary and iconographic sources. Besides the architecture, it was also to propose a restoration of the decors of the abbey-church and its colourful atmosphere.The research in this doctoral work is focused on the fragments of archeological glass windows excavated in the sites of Cluny and Paray-le-Monial, as well as on the polychromies of the lapidary fragments of the Great Portal of Cluny using an archaeometric approach. The stained glass windows are filter elements that modulate the light in quantity and in colour. As such, they play a key role in creating a luminous and colourful atmosphere. The polychrome decors also contribute to the improvement and coloration of the lighting. Moreover, knowing the original materials is a prerequisite for any virtual restoration because of the possible alteration of pigments or metal decorations (color change) and possible repaints which can induce changes in colourful design.A large majority of glass fragments were excavated in the ruins of the churches, restricting their dating to a typo-chronological approach. The archaeological classifications performed from the relative chronology, typology and appearance of the vitreous material were compared with results of physicochemical analyses. These helped to refine the dating of certain fragments and identified many technical details. With regard to the portal of the Maior Ecclesia, which occupies a central place in the Romanesque art, the picture of this "lapidary puzzle" in iconography and in polychromy has been clarified. The characterization of the colourful remains has enabled identification of the different materials used in the decoration of the portal. Four polychrome phases, the use of expensive pigments and abundance of metal decorations were observed.In this way, this research has contributed to the understanding of the colourful decors of the Maior Ecclesia. This study represents a stage in the comprehension of an archaeological heritage which, sooner or later, will be further enhanced. It is important to remember that fragments of the abbey-church remain buried

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Klojda, Viktor. "Vliv skelných vláken v olověných akumulátorech pro hybridní elektrická vozidla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219872.

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Master´s thesis deals with the utilization of lead-acid accumulators in hybrid electric vehicle regime. It describes the side effects known as PCL, generated during PSOC regime and connected with the length of the battery lifespan. One possibility how to eliminate these effects, is the use of additives in active mass of the negative electrode, in the form of glass fibres. The project provides the parametres and reactions of additive, that have lead to the improvement of battery properties. The purpose of this thesis is to verify the positive effect of the aditive on the lifespan of the lead-acid accumulator.

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Karnis, Aurélie. "Traitement à haute pression et haute température de déchets de métaux lourds vers de nouveaux matériaux stables." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551293.

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Les REFIOM (Résidus d'Epuration des Fumées d'Incinération des Ordures Ménagères) issus de l'incération des déchets ménagers contiennent des métaux lourds comme le plomb ou le cadmium et sont en France uniquement stockés en centre d'enfouissement technique de classe 1 pour dangereux, en étant stabilisés par une vitrification. Afin de trouver des solutions pour le stockage ou la valorisation à long terme des REFIOM sans danger pour l'environnement, nous avons ciblé les vitrocéramiques et les céramiques frittées à hautes températures et hautes pressions. Nous avons utilisé des méthodes de la minéralogie physique par l'intermédiaire de synthèses à hautes températures, de synthèses à hautes températures et à hautes pressions en autoclave à chauffage externe, d'observations en microscopie électronique à balayage, de microanalyses chimiques EDX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectrometry), d'analyses en microsondes, de caractérisation structurale par diffraction de rayons X et d'expériences de lixiviation dynamique. Nous avons mis au point des protocoles de synthèses et d'analyses. Par ce biais, nous constatons pour les vitrocéramiques que le plomb ou le cadmium sont incorporés dans des cristallites et dans des nouvelles phases cristallines, eux-mêmes englobés dans une matrice vitreuse. Cette voie dite "double barrière" (cristaux + verre) semble prometteuses pour l'immobilisation du plomb et du cadmium (au regard des analyses EDX et des expériences de lixiviation). Pour les céramiques frittées, comme pour les SYNROC (SYNthetic ROCk) synthétisées pour les déchets nucléaires, de nouvelles phases cristallines incorporant Pb et Cd sont observées et seraient a priori résistantes pour le stockage de ces éléments toxiques. Dans ces deux cas de nouveaux matériaux capables d'incorporer massivement du plomb et du cadmium ont été mis en évidence. Des tests de durabilité permettront d'envisager une valorisation éventuelle de tels matériaux

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Silva, André Luis Bonfim Bathista e. "Estudo da dinâmica molecular em copolímeros em bloco compostos de poli(metacrilato de metila), poli(ácido acrílico) e poli(acrilato de chumbo) por técnicas de ressonância magnética nuclear e análise térmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-14102010-153133/.

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Esta tese envolveu o estudo da dinâmica molecular em copolímeros em bloco compostos de poli(metacrilato de metila) (PMMA), poli(ácido acrílico) (PAA) e Poli(acrilato de chumbo) (PAPb) por técnicas de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear e de análise térmica (DSC e DMTA). Estes copolímeros em bloco foram sintetizados visando a obtenção de compostos para serem utilizados, tanto como lentes oftálmicas com maiores índices de refração, como materiais dedicados à proteção radiológica, sendo estas duas propriedades de emprego individual ou integrado. Para o estudo destes materiais, as amostras foram confeccionadas com várias composições, incluindo aquelas nas formas puras contendo apenas um bloco, resultantes da combinação de dois blocos, e as triblocos, com diferentes quantidades relativas de PAPb, variando de 1 a 40%. Para o caso do PMMA, a dinâmica molecular é bem conhecida, sendo caracterizada por uma relaxação β, que envolve mais especificamente movimentos de seus ramos laterais e que ocorre dentro de um amplo intervalo de temperatura centrado em torno da ambiente, e pela transição vítrea, que envolve, predominantemente, movimentos da cadeia principal que ocorrem para temperaturas em torno de 100oC. Devido à extensão destes dois eventos em grandes intervalos de temperatura, eles acabam se superpondo já em temperaturas abaixo de 100oC. O fato da relaxação β ocorrer para o PMMA em torno da temperatura ambiente, confere-lhe uma de suas características mais importantes, não ser quebradiço. Porém, devido à presença do grupo hidroxila no PAA, que permite a ocorrência de ligações de hidrogênio entre os diferentes ramos laterais, a relaxação β é suprimida neste material, tornando-o quebradiço e não adequado para as aplicações desejadas. No caso do copolímero tribloco, espera-se que o PAPb também possa interferir na característica mecânica final do material, em função de sua participação na dinâmica molecular do copolímero. Para este estudo foram preparadas várias amostras com diferentes quantidades relativas de PMMA, PAA e PAPb, de modo entendermos a dinâmica molecular destes materiais, individual e coletivamente, afim de selecionar os mais indicados para as aplicações tecnológicas almejadas. Para o estudo destas amostras, utilizamos tanto técnicas de análise térmica (DSC e DMTA), que fornecem, de forma relativamente rápida, dados importantes sobre a dinâmica macroscópica, quanto métodos básicos e avançados de RMN no estado sólido, que propiciam informações mais detalhadas sobre a dinâmica molecular. Estes estudos indicaram que a presença do PAA, obrigatória na rota de síntese utilizada para a inserção do PAPb, é um elemento indesejável no produto final, pois ele sempre atua na supressão da relaxação β. Adicionalmente, os dados obtidos indicaram que o PAPb, em grandes quantidades, também age na supressão desta relaxação. Embora a proposição destes novos materiais para a área oftálmica não ser muito adequada, já que a quantidade de PAPb necessária para a obtenção de amostras com bons índices de refração deve ser grande (bem acima de 5%, quando elas tornam-se quebradiças), as amostras com pequenos conteúdos de PAPb (até 5%) permitiram uma redução de até 50% dos raios-x incidentes. Finalmente, os estudos realizados por técnicas que observam detalhes da dinâmica molecular, tanto em níveis macroscópicos (DSC e DMTA), quanto moleculares (RMN), ofereceram excelentes informações básicas tanto sobre a mobilidade dos diferentes ramos que compõem os copolímeros em bloco, quanto a interação/miscibilidade entre os diferentes blocos, que afeta também a dinâmica global do sistema.
This thesis involved the study of molecular dynamics in triblock copolymers consisting of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and Poly (lead acrylate) (PAPb) by solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and thermal analyses (DSC and DMTA). These block copolymers were synthesized in order to obtain materials not only presenting higher refractive index but also offering good radiological protection, which are useful for individual and combined applications. For the study of these materials, the samples were prepared with various compositions, including those in pure form containing only a block, resulting from the combination of two blocks, and the triblock with different relative amounts of PAPb, ranging from 1 to 40%. In the case of PMMA, the molecular dynamics is well known, characterized by a β relaxation, which involves more specifically the ester side-group dynamics occurring within a broad temperature range centered around the room temperature, and the glass transition, predominantly involving the main chain dynamics that occur for temperatures around 100oC. Due to large extension of these two dynamical events in wide temperature ranges, they merge at temperatures below 100oC. The fact that the β relaxation occurs for the PMMA around the room temperature, confers to it one of its most important features, toughness. However, due to the presence of the hydroxyl group in PAA, which allows the occurrence of hydrogen links between different branches, the β relaxation in this material is strongly suppressed, making it brittle and not suitable for the desired applications. In the case of the triblock copolymer, it is also expected that PAPb may also interfere with the mechanical properties of the final material due to its involvement in the full molecular dynamics of the copolymer. For this study, several samples were prepared with different relative amounts of PMMA, PAA and PAPb, in order to understand the molecular dynamics of these materials, individually and collectively, and select the most suitable ones for the desired technological applications. To characterize and study these samples, we employed thermal analyses (DSC and DMTA), which give quick and important data on the macroscopic dynamics, and basic and advanced solid-state NMR methods, which provide more detailed information about he molecular dynamics. These studies indicated that PAA, necessary along the synthesis route used for the insertion of PAPb in the triblock copolymers, is an undesirable element in the final product, because it is always acting on the suppression of β relaxation. Although the proposition of these new materials for the ophthalmic area is not very appropriate, since the amount of PAPb necessary to obtain good refraction indexes would be necessarily large (over 5%, when they become brittle), the samples with small amounts of PAPb (up to 5%, when they present good mechanical properties) allowed a significant reduction of about 50% of the incident x-rays. Finally, using solid-state NMR methods, including modern Exchange experiments and thermal analyses (DSC and DMTA), it was possible to understand in detail the individual and cooperative motions of the main chain and side groups. The most import result obtained indicate that, despite being important inserting PAPB and PAA in the block copolymer for improving the desired optical and x-ray shielding properties, the presence of these blocks tend to suppress the β relaxation, reducing thesample mechanical properties.

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Pawlowski, Laurenz. "Verallia sas, a leader in glass packaging - iIllustrative acquisition of saverglass sas." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/122673.

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Due to the dynamics of the glass packaging market, Verallia competes with large international players as well as small domestic competitors. When looking at the transaction history of the top five players since 2005, one can analyse that, especially in Europe, there has been a strong consolidation within the industry, as reflected by c. 71% of the market being covered by respective players. Therefore, since organic market share gains are for the above stated reason rather not feasible, the following report analyses the strategic rationales and potential impact of the acquisition of a mid-market company by Verallia.

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Rao, P. V. Kameswara. "Structure-property relationship of absorptive glass mat (AGM) separators." Thesis, 2018. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7676.

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Suleman, Fathima. "Profile of sickness absenteeism at the Consul Glass factory, Clayville, Midrand, 2004." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2053.

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INTRODUCTION Sick leave absenteeism is a recognized problem in all work sectors. The financial impact of sick leave has been well-documented. A profile of sick leave records can establish the extent of the sick leave problem in a workplace, the associated and predisposing factors for sick leave and the patterns of sick leave amongst workers. A baseline profile of the sick leave patterns in a workplace should be a preliminary step toward developing a programme aimed at the improvement of workers' health and attendance at work. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to profile recorded sick leave for 2004 amongst permanent workers at the Consul Factory in Olifantsfontein, Midrand, Johannesburg in order to make recommendations to management. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using a retrospective review of sick leave records of permanent workers at the Consul Glass factory for 2004. Information gathered included the demographic profile of workers who recorded sick leave, the frequency of sick leave, associated factors for sick leave, health care choices of workers with sick leave and the reasons for sick leave. Descriptive and analytic statistics have been presented. RESULTS • Workers over the age of fifty years had sick leave of longer duration compared to those younger than 50 years old (p<0.05). The median hours taken off for sick leave was higher in the male subgroup compared to the female subgroup of workers in the study population (p<0.05); • Workers from the production areas had more sick leave episodes for the year than workers from the non-production areas (p<0.05). Workers with bronchitis working in the production areas of the factory, had longer duration of sick leave compared to workers with bronchitis working in the nonproduction areas of the factory (p<0.05); • Workers on a variable shift schedule took more sick leave on days of the week that were unlinked to weekends and public holidays (p<0.05).A longer duration of sick leave occurred with certified sick leave compared with self reported sick leave (p<0.05); • In the study population, the majority were not medical aid members. Medical aid members had a longer duration of sick leave per episode compared to non-medical aid members (P<0.05); • Respiratory tract infection was the most common reason for sick leave. Of the ten most common reasons for sick leave, there was a significant difference in the mean number of hours of sick leave taken per episode for dental treatment and backache (p<0.05); • There was a significant difference in the mean number of hours of sick leave recommended by the four different sources of sick notes (p<0.05); • There was a significant association for worker interviews/counselling by the Human Resources' Department official and the worker having had four or more episodes of sick leave for the year (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The profile of sick leave at this company identified important associations with sick leave patterns. These significant findings provide management with baseline information, which can be used for the development of workplace interventions to address the taking of sick leave at the Consul Glass factory.
Thesis (M.Med.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.

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Martin, Vincent. "Composition and Structure Dependence of the Photoelastic Response of Oxide Glass." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14083.

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The isotropy of a glass can be broken by the application of a mechanical stress giving rise to a phenomenon of birefringence. Some lead-containing glass compositions are known to prevent this phenomenon and they are called zero-stress optic glass. Mueller’s theory of photoelasticity attempts to explain the structural origin of the photoelastic response in glass and crystal. Zwanziger’s empirical model is able to predict the photoelastic response of a glass based on its composition and the crystal structure of its constituents. Lead-, tin-, antimony-, zinc-, and cadmium-containing glasses were investigated in the binary silicate, borate, and phosphate systems. The stress optic coe?cient of these binary glasses was measured experimentally using the S´enarmont method or found in the literature. Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and M¨ossbauer spectroscopy were mainly used to investigate the local environment of the cations. The photoelastic response of a glass and its structure were correlated, and the results were compared with the expectations arising from Mueller’s theory and Zwanziger’s empirical model. The theory and the model were both tested and their reliability was discussed. Zero-stress optic glasses are of technological interest, but new environmental regulations forbids the use of lead in materials, including glass. From experimental results and literature, a global strategy to design new zero-stress optic glasses was established. New lead-free zero-stress optic glasses were discovered with properties similar to the lead-containing zero-stress optic glass (high index of refraction, transparency, no coloration). The study of the structural dependence of the photoelastic response of oxide glass contributed to identify new parameters in?uencing the photoelasticity, such as covalency, polarizability and natural deformation of the additive.

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43

Mangalgiri, Kiranmayi. "Heavy Metals in Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10966.

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Pavement markings are vital for safely navigating roadways. The nighttime visibility of pavement markings is enhanced by addition of retroreflective glass beads, most of which are made from recycled glass. Concern has been raised over the presence of heavy metals in glass beads used in pavement markings and their effect on human and environmental health. Based upon the potential risk associated with the presence of arsenic and lead in the glass beads, two Bills are currently being considered before the 112th Congress of the United States of America seeking to set a maximum permissible limit for the amount of arsenic and lead in glass beads used within pavement marking systems on domestic roadways. This study was designed to support legislative decision making by providing data necessary for risk assessment. The experiments carried out provide: an analysis of glass bead metal content and extractability; an evaluation of the relationship between arsenic content of the glass beads and their retroreflective performance; an evaluation of analytical methods used to measure the total bead metal content; and an analysis of samples of glass bead and soil mixture from a glass bead storage site used to determine site-specific metal concentrations in the soil media. Mean arsenic content, measured using the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's KOH fusion digestion, in all the glass beads examined ranged from 11 ppm to 82 ppm, while mean lead content, measured using KOH fusion digestion, ranged from below quantification limit to 199 ppm. Total metal content measurements indicated a high amount of variability in the glass bead samples; most likely associated with the use of recycled glass feed during manufacturing. The relationship between the retroreflective performance and the arsenic content of the glass beads was analyzed and a weak but positive correlation was observed between the two factors. However, a more detailed study is required to evaluate the relationship between arsenic content and retroreflectivity. Different methods to evaluate the total metal content in glass beads were compared; it is recommended that any analytical method may be used, as long as the standard reference material is reproduced within the range of concentration expected in the glass beads. In the analysis of the field site samples of soil containing glass beads obtained from a glass bead storage and transfer facility, the mass content of beads in the soil varied from a mean of 19% to 78% depending on the location within the facility. However, a detailed analysis with larger number of samples must be performed to evaluate the effect of glass beads on the total arsenic content of the soil.

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MAŘÍKOVÁ, Helena. "Výskyt rtuti a olova v sedimentech horního toku Vltavy a nádrže Lipno." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48206.

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The aim of this thesis was to define and evaluate the load of sediments by exposure of mercury and lead on the upper flow of the Vltava river and in the Lipno lake. To evaluate possible influence of the glass factory in Lenora for pollution of this area by toxic metals mentioned above. The literature survey refers about problems of mercury and lead content in fresh water and reservoirs sediments, the structure of toxic heavy metals and risks of their release in the enviroment, then in chemical composition of water reservoirs. It also engages in glass manufacturing problems in the glass factory in Lenora, especially the raw materials, which where obviously used for its manufacture. Experimental part describes profile of sampling points, working methods, used chemicals and results of individual analyses. Sediments of the Lipno reservoir and the upper flow of the Vltava river aren{\crq}t seriously loaded with mercury or lead, but in the sediments below Lenora was shown multiple increase of lead and mercury content in comparison with the background. Forest soils has higher mercury content in all localities in comparison with the sediments. On the contrary, the content of EDTA-extractable lead in soils is lower. Detected isotopic ratio of lead 206/207 and 208/206 in sediments of the Vltava river below the glass factory in Lenora have different signature in comparison with the signature of sediments from the Vltava river above the glass factory. On the contrary the signature of lead in all sediments of the Lipno reservoir showed values relevant to natural background of this locality. The structure which corresponds to the lead from the glass factory was also surprisingly detected in humic horizont of the forest soils in Lenora{\crq}s surroundings. The thesis was extended with fish samples from Lipno reservoir and their liver{\crq}s load by lead and mercury content. There were determined isotop ratio (signature) of lead in the fish, the izotop ratio of lead not corresponds to the lead signature from the glass factory in Lenora.

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Громосяк, Надія Андріївна, and Nadiia Hromosiak. "Розроблення та дослідження теплоізоляційного матеріалу на основі листя дерев." Master's thesis, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35181.

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В кваліфікаційній роботі розроблено нові теплоізоляційні будівельні матеріали для огороджувальних конструкцій та досліджено їх теплотехнічні властивості, зокрема коефіцієнт теплопровідності та опір теплопередачі. Результати були зображені у графічному вигляді для виразності.
In the qualification work, new heat-insulating building materials for enclosing structures were developed and their thermal properties, in particular the coefficient of thermal conductivity and heat transfer resistance, were investigated. The results were presented graphically for clarity
Вступ…5 Розділ 1…8 Сучасні підходи до теплоізолювання будівель…8 1.1 Проблематика забезпечення енергетичної ефективності будівель…8 1.2 Процес теплообміну в огороджувальних конструкціях. Сучасні теплоізоляційні матеріали та їх характеристики…9 1.3 Огляд літературних джерел за тематикою дослідження…11 1.4 Аналіз і узагальнення відомих результатів досліджень…17 1.5 Формулювання завдань для власних досліджень…17 1.6 Висновки за розділом 1…18 Розділ 2…19 Методика проведення експериментальних досліджень…19 2.1 Обґрунтування вибору наповнювача теплоізоляційного матеріалу…19 2.2 Підбір та обґрунтування в’яжучих речовин…20 2.3 Конструкція приладу для визначення коефіцієнта теплопровідності будівельних матеріалів…21 2.4 Методика виконання експериментальних дослідів…25 2.5 Висновки за розділом 2…29 Розділ 3…30 Експериментальне дослідження теплопровідності будівельних матеріалів…30 3.1 Визначення теплопровідності натурних зразків…30 3.1.1 Тарування приладу для дослідження теплотехнічних характеристик…30 3.1.2 Дослідження теплотехнічних характеристик зразка на основі листя дерев у поєднанні з рідким склом…34 3.1.3 Дослідження теплотехнічних характеристик зразка на основі листя дерев у поєднанні з клеєм пва…37 3.1.4 Дослідження теплотехнічних характеристик зразка на основі листя дерев у поєднанні з вапном…41 3.1.5 Аналіз отриманих результатів для виявлення напрямку подальших досліджень…45 3.1.6 Дослідження теплотехнічних характеристик зразка з пустотами на основі листя дерев у поєднанні з рідким склом…46 3.2 Порівняння отриманих результатів з аналогічними для інших теплоізоляційних матеріалів…50 3.3 Рекомендації для практичного застосування розроблених теплоізоляційних матеріалів…51 3.3 Висновки за розділом 3…52 Розділ 4…53 Охорона праці та безпека у надзвичайних ситуаціях…53 4.1. Охорона праці…53 4.1.1. Законодавча та нормативна база україни про охорону праці…53 4.1.2 Вимоги з техніки безпеки та охорони праці на виробництві при виготовленні теплоізоляційних матеріалів та виробів..55 4.1.3 Основні вимоги та правила техніки безпеки під час роботи в науково-випробувальній лабораторії будівельних матеріалів, виробів і конструкцій тнту ім. І пулюя…57 4.2 Безпека в надзвичайних ситуаціях…58 4.2.1 Підвищення стійкості роботи будівельних підприємств у воєнний час…58 Загальні висновки…63 Бібліографія…64

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Leaded Glass'

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