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Journal articles on the topic 'Lead-zinc ore'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Xie, Xian, Kai Hou, Xiong Tong, Xiao Wang, and Zheng Bin Deng. "Experimental Research on Lead-Zinc Separation of Refractory Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 886 (January 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.886.55.

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A complex lead-zinc sulfide ore from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, was subjected to this work. Research on mineral processing was conducted according to the properties of the lead-zinc ore. The lead minerals are successfully separated from the zinc minerals with the combination of collectors. Compared to CuSO4, new reagent X-43 as zinc activator shows its advantage in marmatite flotation. With the process utilized in this work, a lead concentrate of 59.67% Pb with a recovery of 78.69% and a zinc concentrate of 50.99% Zn with a recovery of 81.98% are produced. The silver recovery in the lead concentrate is 56.76% while the indium recovery in the zinc concentrate is 42.60%.

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2

Chen, Xiao Qing, Jin Zhong Yang, Yi Lin Mao, and Wei Ping Yan. "Study on Mineral Processing Technology of Unutilizable Lead-Zinc Mixed Ore." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 993–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.993.

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The detailed research and analysis of ore properties was conducted on a certain unutilizable lead-zinc mixed ore in Yunnan, China, and in view of the ore properties, the sulfide ore and oxidized ore were graded, separated and enriched respectively, correspondingly, zinc concentrate, lead-zinc concentrate and lead oxide concentrate were produced, in addition, associated silver mineral was enriched in lead-zinc concentrate and lead oxide concentrate. On the basis of mineral separation technology study of polymetallic ore, the complex and inseparable lead-zinc ore and its associated mineral resources were recovered and utilized comprehensively.

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3

Wang, Shan, Jian Jun Fang, Ying Bo Mao, and Ya Wen. "Study on Flotation Technology of Refractory Oxide Lead-Zinc Ore in Huize." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3506–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3506.

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Huize oxidized lead-zinc ore contains 1.53% Pb, 16.67% Zn, and the oxidation rate of lead reaches up to 95.07%, zinc is 85.27%, belongs to high-zinc but low-lead oxidized lead-zinc ore. According to the characters of ore, the technology that lead prior to zinc and desliming in oxidized zinc flotation has been adopted, as well as combined modifiers, ideal performance that grade and recovery of lead concentrate reaching to 51.61% and 62.54% respectively, and zinc concentrate reaching to 38.90% and 70.22% respectively has been obtained.

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4

Dergachev, A. L. "Global factors of lead-zinc ore formation." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 4 (August 28, 2019): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2019-4-3-10.

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Tectonic evolution of the Earth is a principle global factor responsible for uneven distribution of lead and zinc reserves in geological time. Cyclic changes in productivity of lead-zinc ore-formation processes resulted from periodical amalgamation of most blocks of continental crust, formation, stabilization and final break-up of supercontinents. Many features of age spectrums of lead and zinc reserves are caused by gradual increase of volume of continental crust resulting from accretion of island arcs to ancient cratons, widening of distribution of ensialic environments of ore-formation and increasing role of continental crust in magmatic processes.

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5

Yang, Xiao Feng, Quan Jun Liu, and Rong Dong Deng. "Study on High Oxidation Rate Refractory Ore of Lanping." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.505.

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Lanping County of Yunnan has a difficult used ore of high oxidation rate lead-zinc, lead mainly include cerusite, followed by galena, a small amount of phosphorus (arsenic) lead and lead chloride (iron) alum; Zinc mainly include hemimorphite,a small amount of sphalerite. grade of lead is 6.83% , zinc 4.95% , lead oxide ratio is 91.74%, zinc 98.76%, so the ore is a high oxidation rate of refractory lead-zinc.Through extensive testing, ultimately used flotation process.Through the closed-process,lead concentrate’s grade is 44.98%, zinc 1.95% , recovery of lead is 72.62%;zinc’s concentrate grade is 21.20%, lead 2.50%, zinc’s recovery is 69.53%, the experiment has a good result.

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6

Hu, Ting, Quan Jun Liu, Rong Dong Deng, and Feng Hong Ye. "Separation Test of Refractory Lead-Zinc Ore from Myanmar." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.447.

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The paper recovered the lead and zinc from a refractory oxide lead-zinc ore. The grade of lead is 3.97%, with the oxidation rate of 50%.The grade of zinc is 3.37%, with the oxidation rate of 10%.The test made the lead-zinc sulphide flotation first, depressing the zinc mineral and floating the lead mineral, then selected the oxide of lead by sulfidation. The experiment got the best pharmacy system by comparing the species and amount of agent. As a result, the lead sulphide concentrate with a grade of 45.32% and the recovery of 44.86%, the zinc concentrate with a grade of 50.19% and the recovery of 81.23%, the lead oxide concentrate with a grade of 50.37% and the recovery of 45.64% were obtained. Three products had received good indicators, and the issue of lead and zinc interacted with each other had been resolved.

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7

Yang, Jun Long, Quan Jun Liu, Yan Hua Guo, Mei Guang Jiang, and Hong Xiao. "Study of Lead Flotation Test in Oxide Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3484–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3484.

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This paper studied an technological process of recovery of Pb and Zn from a difficult to choose high oxidation Lead –Zinc deposit. By mineralogy process study shown, the run-of-mine grade of Lead was 4.09%, with the oxidation rate of 88.26%. The optimal grinding fineness was about to 85.68%. Use the best reagent combination which obtained by condition test, the final results was that the grade of Lead concentrate was 35.6% and the recovery rate was 78.73%, included silver 564 g/t; the grade of the Zinc concentrate was 42.50%, and the recovery rate is 83.65%.

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8

Xiao, Hong, Quan Jun Liu, Mei Guang Jiang, and Jun Long Yang. "Research of Refractory Oxidized Lead-Zinc Ore in Lanping." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.1110.

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The lead-zinc mine is a low grade of refractory oxide mineral. The grade of lead is 2.84%, with the oxidation rate of 90.95%.The grade of zinc is 3.223%, and with the oxidation rate of 87.9%.The grade of silver is 99.5g/t.This test used the silver-lead sulphide flotation at first, then depressing zinc oxide and floating lead oxide mineral. As a result, in silver-lead sulphide concentrate, the silver grade for 1180 g/t, lead 11.45%. Lead and silver recovery rate were 18.41% and 51.14% respectively. Lead oxide concentrate grade is 32.59%, and the silver is 518g/t. Lead and silver recovery rate were 68.34% and 29.18%. Zinc oxide concentrate grade is 32.65%, including 1.14% lead; zinc recovery rate is 80.11%.

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9

Zeng, Shu Qin, Xiao Lin Zhang, Dian Wen Liu, and Zhi Chong Wei. "Technology Study on Sichuan Refractory Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.115.

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Rude ores, which were collected from two lead-zinc oxide ore deposits in Sichuan province, are very difficult to process with low grade and uneven mineral dissemination. It is very difficult to separate valuable minerals from gangue minerals, especially for the recovery of lead and zinc minerals. On the basis of mineral characteristic study, author studied flotation technology on lead-zinc mineral, and gained satisfactory concentrate indicator by stage-grinding: the lead concentrate with a grade of 52.45 percents and a recovery of 79.30 percents and the zinc concentrate with a grade of 35.26 percents and a recovery of 87.57 percents .

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10

Liu, Si Qing, Wan Ping Wang, Bao Xu Song, and Min Zhang. "Present Situation on Beneficiation of Lead-Zinc Oxide Ore." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1017.

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With the exhausting of lead–zinc sulphide ores, the recovery of lead-zinc oxide ores becomes more and more significant. Extensive work has been carried out at home and abroad on the treatment of lead and zinc oxide ores in reagent scheme, flotation flowsheets, and joint process. Sliming is one of the main reasons why the lead-zinc oxides are difficult to recover. Eliminating the influence of slime and strengthening the study of joint process are the main development trends in future work.

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11

Li, Ming Ming, and Qi Dong Zhang. "Experimental Study on Flotation Process Conditions of Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.183.

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On the basis of analyzing sample properties of lead-zinc ore, the optimum experimental condition combination was obtained from systematic experimental studies of the conditions. The experimental condition combination was validated by the full process closed-circuit experiment, which showed that the good separation indexes on lead grade of 59.78% in lead concentrates, the lead recovery of 87.50%, and zinc concentrate grade of 56.33%, the zinc recovery of 93.60%, and sulfur concentrate contained 0.50% of lead, 0.47% of zinc.

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12

Hu, Yun Hu, Xi Jun Liu, and Xiang Rong Luo. "Geoelectrochemical-Extraction Measurement Method to Look for Hidden Lead-Zinc Ore Deposit and Prospecting Effect." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.95.

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The geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement is a ore prospecting method of deep-penetrating geochemistry, by using the element receptors to extract the mobile metal ions from the soil under the artificial electric field to look for the hidden ore deposit. The study of using the geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement method to look for blind lead-zinc ore deposit has been carried out in the Fuzichong lead-zinc polymetallic ore deposit and Panlong lead-zinc ore deposit of Guangxi, which resulted in the clearly geoelectrochemical anormaly above the known ore bodies. And the ore prospecting forecast conducted in the unknown ore regions shows that it is feasible to use the geoelectrochemical-extraction measurement method to expore the deep hidden lead-zinc ore deposits.

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13

Dergachev, A. L. "The Global Factors of Lead–Zinc Ore Formation." Moscow University Geology Bulletin 74, no. 5 (September 2019): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0145875219050041.

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14

Yuan, Zhi Tao, Xiao Long Yu, Li Ping Liu, and Cheng Liang Wang. "Flotation Separation of High Sulfur Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.454.205.

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15

Yuan, Zhi Tao, Xiao Long Yu, Li Ping Liu, and Cheng Liang Wang. "Flotation Separation of High Sulfur Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.205.

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According to the refractory lead-zinc ore properties with high pyrite, the experimental studies were conducted on floatation reagent conditions and closed circuit tests for comprehensive recovering of all types useful minerals. In comparison to the test results of different process flowsheets and different types of flotation reagents, adopting prior flotation lead (Pb)—Zn selective flotation (reagent removal and regrinding of rough concentrate)—S-selective flotation with Zn-tailings. The closed circuit tests were achieved: the grade of lead concentrate was 50.55% with a recovery of 92.25%; The grade of zinc concentrate was 40.12% with a recovery of 85.82%; The grade of sulfur was 48.58% with a recovery of 56.59%; The tailings grades of lead, zinc and sulfur were 0.27%, 0.31%, 3.90% respectively.

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16

Abuov, M. G., A. M. Freidin, and V. A. Shalaurov. "Technology for mining Shalkiya lead-zinc ore deposit." Journal of Mining Science 31, no. 3 (May 1995): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02047670.

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17

Rostovtsev, V. I., and S. A. Kondratiev. "Improvement of lead-zinc ore mining waste processing." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 3 (May 18, 2022): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-2-3-286-294.

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Expansion of mineral reserves and resources in Russia is currently connected with larger scale commercialization of rebellious ore and mining waste, and the percentage of the latter continuously grows. Due to the complex material constitution of minerals, their similar physicochemical and processing properties, as well as because of deficient ore pre-treatment, up to 20% of valuable minerals and metals are lost with tailings, mostly with very fine particles less than 10 µm. It is of the great concern to improve processing technologies for ore and mining waste. This research aims to analyze mineral compositions of tailings after lead-zinc ore flotation, and to identify causes of lead and zinc losses with the flotation tailings. The technology tests reveal that the losses lead and zinc in the form of micron size grains of galena (PbS) and wurtzite (ZnS) are connected with their aggregation with other minerals (quartz, pyrite, magnetite, etc.). The tests with physical (radiation) treatment show dissociation ability of aggregates with subsequent separation of minerals by flotation. The presence of magnetic magnetite in flotation tailings makes it possible to implement magnetic separation to increase the contents of lead and zinc in the concentrate. The scientific novelty and practical significance of this research consists in the proved expediency of radiation treatment of minerals and mining waste toward modification of their processibilty to ensure reduction in loss of valued components with tailings and to enhance environmental safety of mining waste.

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18

Rubio, J., and J. A. Solari. "Lamellar flotation of a lead-zinc sulphide ore." Minerals Engineering 4, no. 2 (1991): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(91)90029-u.

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19

Deng, Wen, Hui Zhao, Deng Bang Jiang, and Yao Zhong Lan. "Experimental Research of Mineral Processing on a Certain Lead-Zinc Oxidize Ore." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.34.

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A certain multi-metallic lead-zinc oxide ore contains 1.09%Pb，8.39%Zn． The oxide rate of lead and zinc is 96.34% and 98.15% respectively．In order to recover valuable minerals from the oxide ore comprehensively, the authors adopted priority flotation processing in this experimental research. At last, the lead concentrate with Pb grade of 27.41% and the zinc concentrate with Zn grade of 24.14 % were respectively achieved. The overall recovery of lead was 93.66%，and the overall recovery of zinc was 90.74%.

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20

Zhou, Gui Ying, Wen Juan Li, Yong Chen, and Yong Sheng Song. "Study on Recovery of Lead-Zinc Tailing Ore by Electrochemical Flotation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 1451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.1451.

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The tailing in a large lead-zinc-iron-sulfur multi-metallic mine has rich reservation in variety of metallic minerals. It has been difficult to recover because of all kinds of reasons. The challenges faced by lead-zinc ore beneficiation are, low grade and recovery of lead and zinc concentrate for fine disseminated grain size, high oxidation rate and close intergrowth. This paper presents a Pulp Potential Control Flotation by stages technique to improve the flotation performance of the lead-zinc ores. In the electrochemical potential controlling flotation processing, using DDTC as collector, the separation potential range of galena and sphalerite with pyrrhotite can be achieved. Flotation circuit of lead-zinc-silver tailing ore was achieved.

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21

Inoiat, Umarova, Aminzhanova Sevara, Salizhanova Gulnarakhon, and Kalandarov Kobil. "Khandiza polymetallic ore washability study." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, no. 4 (June 25, 2020): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-4-70-79.

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Introduction. The article considers the results of operations research on the washability of polymetallic ore at Khandiza deposit. The results of the research of material composition are delivered together with the variants of process samples flotation at Khandiza deposit. Research aim is to study the material composition of ore samples and the development of effective technology of polymetallic ore concentration at Khandiza deposit. Methodology. Polymetallic ore of Khandiza deposit has been chosen as research subject. As part of the process various reagents have been used as well as various laboratory facilities, modern physical, physical-chemical and chemical methods of analysis. Research has been carried out in two direction: bulk flotation of all ore minerals with further selection of bulk concentrate to lead, zinc and copper concentrates and direct bulk selective flotation with the production of lead-copper and zinc concentrates in a successive order. Results. The outcomes of ore material composition study have been delivered based on spectral, chemical and rational analysis. It has been determined that industrially valuable ore components are lead, zinc and copper, the contents of which are presented. It has been shown that ore minerals are in tight twinning with nonmetallic minerals, i.e. quartz, sericite, chlorite, carbonate, etc. Summary. As a result of concentration, lead, zinc and copper concentrates have been dressed. The concentrated meet industrial requirements.

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22

Liu, Yulong, Dexin Ding, Wenguang Chen, Nan Hu, Lingling Wu, Lin Hu, Qiucai Zhang, et al. "The effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore." Metallurgical Research & Technology 118, no. 5 (2021): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021055.

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The relationship between energy input and particle size of ore samples after crushing and effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore were studied by drop weight impact test. The results showed that the lead-zinc ore became softer and had higher degree of crushing after microwave pretreatment. Compared with continuous microwave pretreatment, pulsed microwave pretreatment could improve the drop weight impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore. When the specific comminution energy were 5 kW h/t, 10 kW h/t respectively, the crushing characteristic parameters t10 were 60.42% and 67.46% respectively by continuous microwave. But the values of t10 were increased to 68.64% and 75.88% respectively after pulsed microwave radiation under same microwave power and time. In addition, water quenching could more promote the impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore after microwave irradiation.

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23

Yu, Qing, Dexin Ding, Wenguang Chen, Nan Hu, Lingling Wu, Qiucai Zhang, Yulong Liu, et al. "Effect of Microwave Pretreatment on Grindability of Lead-Zinc Ore." Geofluids 2021 (July 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4418684.

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The influence of microwave pretreatment on grindability of lead-zinc ore was studied through comparison analysis on the changes of particle size distribution, percentage of below 0.074 mm, energy consumption, and other indexes of grinding products before and after microwave pretreatment in the ball milling process. The results showed that the grindability of lead-zinc ore was improved obviously by microwave pretreatment. The particle size distribution curve of the grinding products was obviously higher than that of the samples without microwave irradiation. The yield of size fraction below 0.074 mm was also improved in a certain degree. Pulsed microwave irradiation was more effective than continuous microwave irradiation when other microwave parameters were consistent. The comprehensive energy consumption of lead-zinc ore pretreated by different microwave parameters was lower than that without microwave irradiation under the same grinding fineness. The total energy consumption was down by 30.1% when irradiated for 15 s at 7 kW power, and it was lower than that without microwave irradiated. The results showed that pulsed microwave pretreatment was more effective in reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of grinding process for lead-zinc ore. And water quenching after microwave irradiation can improve the grindability and reduce the energy consumption of grinding for lead-zinc ore.

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24

Zou, Lifei, Yang Yang, Xuyang Zhang, Ruixue Li, and Qiangjun Miao. "Analysis on the Construction of Huayuan MVT Lead - Zinc Ore Field in Zhangjiajie of the Western Hunan, China." Earth Science Research 6, no. 1 (December 26, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v6n1p79.

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Huayuan lead-zinc ore field in Zhangjiajie of western Hunan, is a large-sized, and the ore bodies algal limestones the margin of the shallow platform in the lower part of the Early Cambrian Qingxudong Formation. The authors expounded the ore-hosting lithology, sedimentary environment and petrographic evolution of Huayuan lead-zinc ore field. According to the metallogenic characteristics of the Huayuan lead-zinc ore field, the formation and evolution of the ore field is divided into the First construction (geological processes), the secondary construction (lithofacies characteristics) and the third-level construction (basic rock unit).

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25

Li, Zheng Yao, Xiao Fan Guo, Jun Liu, Li Li Wang, and Heng Qian Li. "Study on Technological Mineralogy of a Certain Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3498.

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The characteristics of process mineralogy of the some lead-zinc mine were studied with scanning electron microscope, optics microscopes，and x-ray diffraction. The species of lead minerals and zinc minerals and the chemical composition of the minerals were analyzed. The liberations at different grinding finenesses and the particle sizes of the minerals had been also determined. The phase shape of lead and zinc in the ore was also analyzed. The behaviors of various minerals and mineralogical factors affecting the flotation had been explained clearly. The investigation results were favorable to reasonable selection of flotation parameters and would provide theoretical guidance to lead-zinc separation.

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26

Zanev, Vladimir, Stanislav Topalov, and Veselin Christov. "Analysis and Data Mining of Lead-Zinc Ore Data." Serdica Journal of Computing 7, no. 3 (April 23, 2014): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/sjc.2013.7.271-280.

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This paper presents the results of our data mining study of Pb-Zn (lead-zinc) ore assay records from a mine enterprise in Bulgaria. We examined the dataset, cleaned outliers, visualized the data, and created dataset statistics. A Pb-Zn cluster data mining model was created for segmentation and prediction of Pb-Zn ore assay data. The Pb-Zn cluster data model consists of five clusters and DMX queries. We analyzed the Pb-Zn cluster content, size, structure, and characteristics. The set of the DMX queries allows for browsing and managing the clusters, as well as predicting ore assay records. A testing and validation of the Pb-Zn cluster data mining model was developed in order to show its reasonable accuracy before beingused in a production environment. The Pb-Zn cluster data mining model can be used for changes of the mine grinding and floatation processing parameters in almost real-time, which is important for the efficiency of the Pb-Zn ore beneficiation process.ACM Computing Classification System (1998): H.2.8, H.3.3.

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27

Lan, Zhuo Yue, Di Fei Li, Quan Jun Liu, and Xiong Tong. "Study on Flotation of Lead-Zinc Oxide Ore from Yunnan." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2317.

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With regard to a deep-extend oxidized refractory lead-zinc ore from Yunnan province, containing 4.55% Pb and 17.09% Zn, a test study was carried out. By adopting single-stage roughing, single-stage scavenging, two-stage cleaning in the flotation of lead oxide ores, and single-stage cleaning, single-stage cleaning in the reverse flotation of zinc oxide ores, bulk concentrate of lead and zinc containing 36.60% Pb, 19.63% Zn with the Pb recovery of 82.45%, zinc concentrate containing 36.52% Zn, 0.44%Pb with the Zn recovery of 73.18% were obtained in the closed circuit experiment.

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28

Kristensen, L. J., M. P. Taylor, and A. L. Morrison. "Lead and zinc dust depositions from ore trains characterised using lead isotopic compositions." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 3 (2015): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4em00572d.

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29

Yu, Fu Tao, Hui Min Gao, Shi Jie Tao, Wen Tao Shi, Zhi Jie Ren, Da Chao Yuan, and Chang Xing Fu. "Study on a Lead-Zinc-Fluorite-Barite Symbiotic Ore." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.794.

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The ore using in this paper was obtained from Hunan Province, China, which contains fluorite (15.65%), barite (48.42%), quartz (30.56%), sphalerite (0.57%), galena (0.54%) and other minerals. After fluorite-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-barite separation flotation, and anti-flotation of lead and zinc minerals, the fluorite concentrate with 97.35% CaF2 and barite concentrate with 95.49% BaSO4 was gotten. The recovery of the fluorite concentrate was 81.85% and the recovery, specific gravity, whiteness of the barite concentrate was 95.00%, 4.34g/cm3, 90.65%, respectively. This symbiotic ore can be comprehensive utilized by this beneficiation procedure.

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30

Silvestre, M. O., C. A. Pereira, R. Galery, and A. E. C. Peres. "Dispersion effect on a lead–zinc sulphide ore flotation." Minerals Engineering 22, no. 9-10 (August 2009): 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2008.12.009.

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31

Li, Cun-Xiong, Chang Wei, Zhi-Gan Deng, Xing-Bin Li, Min-Ting Li, and Hong-Sheng Xu. "Hydrothermal Sulfidation and Flotation of Oxidized Zinc-Lead Ore." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 45, no. 3 (February 11, 2014): 833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9887-8.

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32

Zhang, Xiao Lin, Jian Jun Fang, Dian Wen Liu, and Shu Qin Zeng. "Study on the New Flotation Agent Regime for Sichuan Lead-Zinc Mine." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.513.

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Ore samples, collected from a lead-zinc oxide ore deposit in Sichuan province, China, are very difficult to treat with such characteristics as low grade, uneven mineral particle distribution and high containing of slime. It is very difficult to separate the lead minerals and zinc minerals, especially for the recovery of zinc oxide minerals. On the basis of flotation characteristics study to gangue and useful minerals, author studied flotation behavior of lead-zinc oxide ore with new collectors (KM21 and YO-1), and carried out the experiment on separating useful minerals from gangue minerals. Test results showed, a lead concentrate with a grade of 59.78 percent and a recovery of 86.49 percent and a zinc concentrate with a grade of 48.53 percent and a recovery of 84.92 percent were obtained from the crude ore with the oxidation rate of 74.34 percent and 89.30 percent of lead and zinc respectively, which realized the high efficient flotation separation of the refractory lead-zinc oxide ores.

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33

Thomassen, B. "The Black Angel lead-zinc mine 1973–90." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 152 (January 1, 1991): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v152.8154.

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On 25th July 1990 the last ore was processed in the ore dressing plant at Mårmorilik thereby terminating seventeen years exploitation of the Black Angel (Sorte Engel) lead-zinc deposit (Fig. 1). During that period some 1.4 million tons zinc, 0.4 million tons lead and 250 tons silver have been extracted from the deposit which originally comprised 13.6 million tons ore grading 12.3% Zn, 4.0% Pb, 29 ppm Ag and 13.7% Fe (Table 1). The mining operations ceased because the extractable ore reserves were exhausted.

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Yu, Xiao Xia, Jian Guo Gao, and Yi Zheng Liu. "The Limit of Kirin Factory Ore Body by the Dynamic Multi-Plans in Huize Lead-Zinc Mine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5231.

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Huize lead-zinc mine is one of the typical representative of large rich lead-zinc deposits in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou lead-zinc mineralization district. It plays a key role in the development of Yunnan non-ferrous metals industry. In this paper, on the basis of enough analysis and research to Kirin factory Ore Body’s geologic feature in Huize lead-zinc mines, using reasonable economic parameters, combined with the actual situation of the orebody and break-even analysis, optimizing cut-off grade, it delineates the ore body by breakeven grade and comprehensive grade and achieves a dynamic multi-plans orebody for the purpose of the service life of mine.

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Yang, Yong Tao, Jun Hui Zhang, and Yuan Zhang. "Mineral Processing Experiment Research of Low-Grade and Fine-Size Inseparable Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 950–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.950.

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The processing experiment research was conducted on a certain fine-size and low-grade inseparable lead-zinc ore, in view of the characteristics of fine grain size composition and complex dissemination, under the conditions of grinding fineness of-325 mesh and content of 80%, as a result, the lead concentrate which has grade of 55.38% lead and recovery of 46.11% and zinc concentrate which has grade of 48.67% zinc and recovery of 66.42% were produced by adopting mineral processing flowsheet of "lead-sulfur of differential flotation partial cyclic flotation of zinc middling regrinding separations of lead and sulfur".

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Lien, Nguyen Thi, and Nguyen Van Pho. "Formation of secondary nonsulfide zinc ore in Cho Dien Pb-Zn deposits." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 40, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/40/3/12615.

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In Viet Nam, non-sulfide zinc ore in the Cho Dien deposit has been exploited for a long time. Up to the present, zinc ore remains the major exploited ore in Cho Dien. There are numerous studies of Pb-Zn ore in Cho Dien. However, most of the studies have dedicated only to description of mineralogical and chemical composition of Pb-Zn ore. There has been no publication on this non-sulfide zinc ore. Based on the mineralogical studies, the content of Pb and Zn in groundwater determined by reflective microscope, SEM, EPMA and ICP-MS methods, the study explained the formation of secondary non-sulfide zinc ore in the Cho Dien deposit. Strong weathering process makes the upper part of ore bodies completely oxidized. Difference in geochemical behavior of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in the oxidation process of Pb-Zn ore is the reason to form non-sulfide zinc ore in the Cho Dien deposit. Oxidation of primary Pb-Zn ore is mainly sphalerite, pyrite, galena minerals which creates a low pH environment and transforms of zinc from immobile (sphalerite - ZnS) to mobile (Zn2+) and retained in solution under acid pH conditions whereas lead has the tendency to form soluble minerals (anglesite, cerussite). The acid neutralization actions of the surrounding rocks make zinc precipitate, to form secondary non-sulfide zinc minerals.ReferencesAndreas Nuspl, 2009. Genesis of nonsulfide zinc deposits and their future utilization (www.geo.tu-frei berg.de/oberseminar/OS_09/Andreas_Nuspl.pdf.Boland M.B., et al., 2003. The Shaimerden supergene zinc deposit, Kazakhstan: Economic Geology, 98(4), 787-795.Chau N.D., Jadwiga P., Adam P., D.V. Hao, L.K. Phon, J. Paweł, 2017. General characteristics of rare earth and radioactive elements in Dong Pao deposit, Lai Chau, Vietnam, Vietnam J. Earth Sci., 39(1), 14-26.Dao Thai Bac, 2012. Characteristics and distribution law of lead-zinc metallogenic fomations in Viet Bac region. Doctoral thesis.Heyl A.V., Bozion C.N., 1962. Oxidized zinc deposits of the United States, Part 1. General Geology: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1135-A.Hoa T.T., et al., 2010. By-products in lead-zinc and copper ores of Northeast Vietnam. J. Sci. of the Earth, 289-298 (in Vietnamese).Hoang Minh Thao, Tran Thi Hien, Dao Duy Anh, Pham Thi Nga, 2017. Mineralogical characteristics of graphite ore from Bao Ha deposit, Lao Cai Province and proposing a wise use. Vietnam J. Earth Sci., 39(4), 324-336.Jurjovec J., et al., 2002. Acid neutralization mechanisms and metal release in mine tailings: A laboratory column experiment: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66, 1511-1523.Large D., 2001. The geology of non-sulphide zinc Deposits - an Overview: Erzmetall, 54(5), 264-276.Maria Boni, 2003. Nonsulfide Zinc Deposits: a new - (old) type of economic mineralization. Society for geology applied to mineral deposits (SGA) News, Number 15. https://www.e-sga.org/fileadmin/sga/newsletter/news15/art01.html.McPhail D.C., et al., 2003, The geochemistry and mobility of zinc in the regolith: in Roach, I.C., ed., Advances in Regolith, 287-291.Murray W. Hitzman, et al., 2003. Classification, genesis, and exploration guides for non-sulfide zinc deposits: Economic Geology, 98(4), 685-714.Nguyen V.P., 2013. Wet tropical wethering in Viet Nam. Natural Science and Technology Publisher.Nicola Mondillo, 2013. Supergene Nonsulfide Zinc-Lead Deposits: The Examples of Jabali (Yemen) and Yanque (Peru). Doctoral thesis.Nordstrom D.K., Alpers C.N., 1999. Geochemistry of acid mine waste. Review in Economic Geology, the environmental geochemistry of ore deposits/Eds. G.S.Plumlee, M.J. Logsdon. Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues, 6A, 133-160.Reynolds N.A., et al., 2003. The Padaeng Supergene Nonsulfide Zinc Deposit, Mae Sod, Thailand. Economic Geology, 98(4), 773-785.Sangameshwar S.R., Barnes H.L., 1983. Supergene Processes in Zinc-Lead-Silver Sulfide Ores in Carbonates: Economic Geology, 78, 1379-1397.Stumm W., Morgan J.J., 1996. Aquatic Chemistry, Third Edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.Takahashi T., 1960. Supergene alteration of zinc and lead deposits in limestone: Economic Geology, 55, 1083-1115.Thornber M.R. and Taylor G.F., 1992. The mechanisms of sulphide oxidation and gossan formation, in: Butt, C.R.M., and Zeegers H., (Eds.)., Regolith exploration geochemistry in tropical and subtropical terrains, in Govett G.J.S., ed., Handbook of exploration geochemistry: Amsterdam, Elsevier, 4, 119-138.Tran Trong Hoa, 2005. Potential assessment of By- products in lead-zinc and copper deposits of Northeast Vietnam. Final report.Tran Tuan Anh, 2010. Studying accompanying component in the types of potential deposits of basic metals and precious - rare metals of north Viet Nam to improve the efficiency of mining and environmental protection. Final report. KC.08.24/06-10.Tran Tuan Anh, et al., 2011. Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics and forming conditions of lead - zinc deposits in Lo Gam structure, northern Vietnam. J. Sci. of the Earth, 33(3DB), 393-408 ( in Vietnamese).Vito Coppola et al., 2009. Nonsulfide zinc deposits in the Silesia - Cracow district, Southern Poland. Springer Link, 44, 559-580.Vito Coppola, et al., 2007. Non-sulfide zinc deposits in Upper Silesia, Southern Poland. Proceeding of the Ninth Biennial SGA Meeting, Dublin, 1401-1404.Williams P.A., 1990. Oxide zone geochemistry: Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, UK, 286p.

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Kursun, Hulya, and Ugur Ulusoy. "Zinc Recovery from a Lead–Zinc–Copper Ore by Ultrasonically Assisted Column Flotation." Particulate Science and Technology 33, no. 4 (October 20, 2014): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2014.970314.

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Zhang, Qian, Shuming Wen, Qicheng Feng, Song Zhang, and Wenlin Nie. "Multianalysis Characterization of Mineralogical Properties of Copper-Lead-Zinc Mixed Ores and Implications for Comprehensive Recovery." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (November 26, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2804924.

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Copper-lead-zinc mixed ore in Tibet, China, is a complex and refractory polymetallic ore resource; thus, ascertaining its mineralogical properties is very important for comprehensive recovery of valuable elements. In this work, the mineralogical properties of this copper-lead-zinc mixed ore have been characterized in detail following a multidisciplinary approach, including chemical, phase, x-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microprobe, and mineral liberation analyses. The results show that the raw ore contained 0.53% Cu, 1.29% Pb, and 0.54% Zn; the oxidation rates of copper, lead, and zinc were 40.21%, 79.31%, and 84.83%, respectively. The Au and Ag contents in the raw ore were 0.28 g/t and 23.6 g/t, which can be comprehensively utilized along with the recovery of copper, lead, and zinc. The gangue mainly contained SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3. Copper in the raw ore mainly existed in bornite, duftite, chalcopyrite, and chrysocolla; lead mainly existed in cerussite, duftite, and galena; zinc mainly existed in willemite, hemimorphite, and sphalerite. The complexity in the embedding and wrapping relationships, fine-grained dissemination, high oxidation, and considerable differences in the floatability of various minerals result in difficulties in recovering the target minerals using a single method. Based on the systematic mineralogical properties obtained, an integrated technology of “bulk flotation-oxidation roasting-hydrometallurgy” has been proposed to enrich and separate copper, lead, and zinc in the ore, providing new ideas for the comprehensive and efficient utilization of polymetallic mineral resources in Tibet.

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Jian, Long, Jian Guo Gao, and Yan Dao. "The Elemental Association Characteristics of Pb-Zn Deposits in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Border Area in Southwest China." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.117.

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The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou border region is one part of energy sources, and is the regions with most abundant petroleum mineral resources. This paper presents ore characteristics, the characteristics of the associations of primary minerals and gangues, concluding association between Lead-zinc ore and element combination in ore occurrences in Pb-Zn deposits, which summarize common element in Lead-zinc ore of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cd, Ge, As, Sb, Hg, Bi, Sn, Mn, Ba and so on.

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Li, Ming Ming, and Qi Dong Zhang. "Experimental Study on Flotation Process Conditions of Lead-Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.454.183.

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Antropova, I. G., P. A. Gulyashinov, and A. A. Merinov. "Roasting of lead and zinc sulfide ore in water vapor." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 11 (2021): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236_1493_2021_11_0_56.

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Yang, S. Z., G. D. Feng, H. H. Zhu, and Y. H. Wang. "Lysobacter mobilis sp. nov., isolated from abandoned lead-zinc ore." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 65, Pt 3 (December 12, 2014): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000026.

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Feng, Guang-Da, Jun Zhang, Xian-Jiao Zhang, Sheng-Nan Wang, Xiong Xiong, Yu-Lian Zhang, Hua-Rui Huang, and Hong-Hui Zhu. "Hymenobacter metallilatus sp. nov., isolated from abandoned lead–zinc ore." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 69, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 2142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.003450.

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Feng, Guang-Da, Song-Zhen Yang, Yong-Hong Wang, Ming-Rong Deng, and Hong-Hui Zhu. "Acinetobacter guangdongensis sp. nov., isolated from abandoned lead–zinc ore." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_10 (October 1, 2014): 3417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.066167-0.

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A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile bacterial strain designated 1NM-4T was isolated from an abandoned lead–zinc ore mine site in Mei County, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, southern China. The isolate was light yellow, strictly aerobic, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and gyrB gene sequences, together with DNA–DNA hybridization values less than 70 %, revealed that strain 1NM-4T belongs to the genus Acinetobacter and may represent a novel species. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) and the major cellular fatty acids consisted of C18 : 1ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C12 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 1NM-4T was 47.17±0.02 mol%. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain 1NM-4T should be assigned to a novel species of the genus Acinetobacter , for which the name Acinetobacter guangdongensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1NM-4T ( = GIMCC 1.656T = CCTCC AB 2014199T = KCTC 42012T).

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Panayotova, M., and J. Fritsch. "Treatment of wastewater from the lead‐zinc ore processing industry." Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology 31, no. 9 (October 1996): 2155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934529609376483.

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Li, Yun Zhen, Yuan Yao, Dao Ping Peng, and Hong Ye. "The Study of Groundwater Environment Pollution Risk Assessment in Lead Zinc Ore." Advanced Materials Research 788 (September 2013): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.788.307.

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Recently, the groundwater heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more serious with the development of economy of China. In order to analyze the effect of lead zinc ore has on groundwater of the Southwest Mining District, after considering characteristics of heavy metal pollution, groundwater anti-fouling ability of natural selection, aquifer intrinsic vulnerability and drinking water source protection area, the groundwater environmental effect of a lead zinc ore is assessed and discussed.

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Belov, Sergey V., Vladimir A. Skripnichenko, and Valeriya A. Ushakova. "Mining-Geological and Economic Characteristics of Lead-Zinc Ore Deposits in the Russian Arctic." Arctic and North, no. 48 (September 27, 2022): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2022.48.5.

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The article analyzes the possibilities for prospecting, evaluation, exploration and extraction of zinc and lead deposits in the Arctic. The reserves and resources of zinc and lead deposits and ore occurrences on the Novaya Zemlya archipelago, on Vaygach Island, in the Polar Urals and in the Northern Timan are cal-culated on the territory of the Russian Arctic. The predominant reserves are represented by the Pavlovskoye deposit, which is being prepared for development by JSC First Mining Company of the Rosatom State Corporation. In 2019, the design of a mining enterprise was initiated, no lead and zinc mining has been carried out within the Arctic zone. A promising object is the Saureyskoye deposit in the Polar Urals. The problem is the remoteness of the site from transport highways. It is necessary to plan the construction of a dirt road from the deposit to the railway. Cargo can then be sent to the ports of the Gulf of Ob or to the port of Indiga when it is put into operation. Lead and zinc deposits on the island of Vaygach and on the Arctic coast near Amderma were previously developed. It is necessary to reassess their reserves and to determine possible development options. The extracted ore will be transported through the port of Amderma. In the Northern Timan, reassessment of non-ferrous metal ores should be carried out in a complex (lead, zinc, molybdenum, copper, nickel). Ore mining may be appropriate in connection with the construction of the deep-water seaport of Indiga. The purpose of this article is to study the mining, geological and economic characteristics of lead-zinc ore deposits and the spatial organization of marine communications for the development of the mineral resource complex of the Arctic zone of Russia. Mining facilities in the Arctic have an important strategic importance for strengthening national security of the country.

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Lv, Chang Liang, Ming Guo Deng, and Lei Zeng. "A Study of Ore-Controlling Factors and Metallogenic Mechanism of Lead-Zinc Deposit in Luziyuan, Zhenkang, Yunnan." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.26.

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The lead-zinc ore in Luziyuan, Zhenkang Town, Yunnan Province is a large lead-zinc polymetallic deposit discovered in recent years. The ore body mainly occurs in the stratum of Shahechang Group of Upper Cambrian. Controlled by NE trending faults and its flanking associated structures, it features equal interval and lateral trending distribution in the spatial domain. The development and mineralization of wall-rock alteration experienced two stages, low medium temperature stage and medium-high temperature stage. Metallogenic materials are mainly from the ore-bearing stratum and deep concealed rock mass. Through the study of such geological features as lithology of ore-bearing stratum, structure of ore-controlling Faults, wall-rock alteration, and ore fabrics, the author believes that the formation of the deposit is closely related to the multi stages of tectonic movements and magmatic hydrothermal activities. It is a sedimentary-reworked type, and skarn-type lead-zinc-iron polymetallic deposit and it is of multiple mineralization stages and varieties of mineral sources.

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Zhang, Jun Hui, Yuan Zhang, and Yong Tao Yang. "Study on Potential-Controlled Flotation Test of a Copper-Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Sulphide Ore." Advanced Materials Research 1089 (January 2015): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1089.80.

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The study on potential-controlled flotation test of differential flotation process was carried out in the light of the change of a certain ore properties. The test used self-developed EMZ-91, as well as conventional collectors of ethyl thio carbamate and butyl xanthate for the flotation of copper, lead and zinc ores respectively, in which the copper sulfate was used as the activator of zinc mineral. The new differential flotation process, which is using lime to regulate pulp potential, produced the copper concentrate grading 27.18% copper at 73.37% recovery, the lead concentrate grading 66.00% lead at 63.00% recovery, and the zinc concentrate grading 55.27% zinc at 87.69% recovery.

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Zhao, Jianqi, Wentao Hu, Fusheng Xiao, Xinwei Liu, Hongdong Yu, Huan Yuan, and Huajun Wang. "Characterization of Discarded Lead–Zinc Sulfide Ore Tailings Based on Mineral Fragments." Minerals 12, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12101279.

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The lead–zinc ore is a typical low-grade complex polymetallic sulphide ore. Its typical mineralogy is characterized by a high content of cryptocrystalline graphite, low content of lead, zinc, and copper, and fine grain size. However, the aggregation size of sulfide mineral aggregations is coarse, and the symbiotic relationship is relatively simple. Conventional process treatment requires the fine grinding of ore into mineral monomer dissociations followed by preferential flotation, but this method has a poor sorting index and high production cost. In this paper, the grain size of the sulfide mineral aggregates determined by mineralogical studies is used to determine the fineness of the grinding, so that the liberation degree of the sulfide ore in the coarse grinding product reaches 70%, and each flotation process is used to collect rough concentrate. In the first step of flotation, the carbon in lead–zinc sulfide ore was removed by adding #2 oil to the flotation tank at a dosage of 40 g/t. In the second flotation process, the pH was adjusted to 7.2, the dosage of isopropyl xanthate was 20 g/t, the dosage of #2 oil was 30 g/t; the flotation reagent in the third step was isopropyl xanthate, and the dosage was 7.5 g/t, with a #2 oil of 15 g/t. Each flotation process concentrate is collected. Finally, the grades of lead and zinc in the final concentrate were 1.6% and 5.71%, respectively. In addition, the recoveries of lead and zinc were 91.78% and 92.07%, respectively. The yield of tailings was 50.6%. By the flotation of sulfide aggregates, a large number of gangues are avoided to participate in fine grinding, which helps to reduce the energy consumption of the mill.

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