Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lead poisoning'
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Диченко, Тетяна Василівна, Татьяна Васильевна Дыченко, Tetiana Vasylivna Dychenko, C. S. Mbah, and S. E. Adagba. "Zamfara lead poisoning in Nigeria." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25926.
Full textFrench, M. C. "Lead poisoning in swans Cynus olor." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278280.
Full textGabel, James M. M. D. "ONE SCIENTIST'S EFFORTS TO PREVENT CHILDHOOD LEAD POISONING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin992270458.
Full textEubanks, Elsie Irene. "Lead Poisoning from the Colonial Period to the Present." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626037.
Full textSears, J. "A study of mute swans in relation to lead poisoning." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376954.
Full textParker, Virginia R. (Virginia Ruth). "The Massachusetts lead poisoning prevention law : the environmental equity paradoxes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69298.
Full textTitle as it appears in the June, 1992 MIT Graduate List: The role of equity in environmental policy--low and moderate income homeowner's financing of lead abatement in Massachusetts.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-98).
by Virginia R. Parker.
M.C.P.
Richmond, Larry. "Lead assimilation and its variability in the snail (Helix aspersa)." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281639.
Full textSo, Tak-keung Anthony. "Release of lead from ceramic foodware and crystal glassware /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18736075.
Full textPain, D. J. "Lead poisoning in waterfowl : An investigation of sources and screening techniques." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382677.
Full textRasheed, Tajudeen Olusegun. "Safety Practices on Lead Poisoning Among Battery Technicians in Lagos Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4018.
Full textRoberts, Russell James, and r. roberts@griffith edu au. "The Role of Auditory Attentional Processing and Attentional Behaviour in Accounting for Deficits in Cognitive Abilities of Children Exposed to Environmental Lead." Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030407.144801.
Full textRoberts, Russell James. "The Role of Auditory Attentional Processing and Attentional Behaviour in Accounting for Deficits in Cognitive Abilities of Children Exposed to Environmental Lead." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365868.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology - Business
Full Text
Renfrew, Daniel. ""We are all contaminated" lead poisoning and urban environmental politics in Uruguay /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
Find full textCampos, González Sofía. "Lead-based residential paint in soils a dissolution and a spatial analysis prevention approach /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5672.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 83 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Lundström, Nils-Göran. "Mortality and morbidity in lead smelter workers with concomitant exposure to arsenic /." Umeå : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1443.
Full textBakheet, Saleh Abdulrahman. "Identification of OCT-2 as a mediator of lead neurotoxicity /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3206242.
Full textSo, Tak-keung Anthony, and 蘇德強. "Release of lead from ceramic foodware and crystal glassware." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253878.
Full textZhao, Yunzhong. "Analysis and comparison of blood lead risk area models for selected urban areas in Indiana." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/679.
Full textStewart, Lauren R. "Spatial Prediction of Bioavailability and Risk of Lead in Urban Soils to Children." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1369143613.
Full textO'Grady, Kelly. "An Archaeological-Genealogical Analysis of Public Health Discourse on Lead: Reformulating Lead-based Paint as a Problem in Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19787.
Full textWang, Wen-Hsia. "Industrial diseases and the Women's Trade Union League : the case of lead poisoning, 1891-1921." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627188.
Full textCarlisle, Margaret. "Lead poisoning in the Spanish eagle population of the Doñana, SW Spain : an ecological risk assessment." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419652.
Full textBogin, Gerard. "Melville’s Unknown Pathology: The Humoral Theory of Disease and Low Grade Lead Poisoning in Bartleby the Scrivener." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3575.
Full textHarkins, S. W. "Blood Lead and Decision Speed in Working Age Adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/772.
Full textZafar, Janjua Naveed. "Prenatal lead exposure in Karachi magnitude, determinants and effect on birth weight /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/zafar.pdf.
Full textLim, Elena Lynn Pei. "A Risk Assessment of Northwest Christchurch Water Supply: Systematic Review of Lead Contaminants." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences Centre, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3701.
Full textGaspar, Andréia Fresneda [UNESP]. "Efeitos da exposição perinatal ao chumbo sobre a pressão arterial e a rea tividade vascular de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos, tratados ou não com DMSA, L-Arginina e/ou Enalapril: Andréia Fresneda Gaspar. -." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104585.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A exposição ao chumbo (Pb) exerce papel relevante no desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial. Sabe-se que as vias NO/GMPc e AMPc e a Na+-K+ ATPase participam na modulação do tono e da contratilidade do músculo liso vascular. Investigou-se as alterações de pressão arterial (PA) e de reatividade vascular à acetilcolina, ao nitroprussiato e ao isoproterenol, bem como a atividade funcional da Na+/K+ ATPase vascular de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos expostos ou não ao Pb nos períodos pré-natal e de amamentação, com enfoque sobre a célula endotelial. Para tanto, curvas concentração-efeito à acetilcolina, nitroprussiato, isoproterenol e potássio foram obtidas em anéis de aorta torácica com e sem endotélio de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos expostos ao chumbo durante a prenhez e amamentação. A exposição perinatal ao Pb determinou hipertensão arterial em proles recém-desmamadas [PA (mmHg): controle 107,1 ± 1,8; Pb 117,8* ± 3,9] e proles adultas [PA (mmHg): controle 126,1 ± 1,1; Pb 139,6* ± 1,6], associada a uma diminuição de sensibilidade ao K+ [CE50 (M): controle 1,93 (1,67 – 2,22); Pb 2,58*(2,14 – 3,11)]. *P < 0,05, n= 6-20. Contudo, nenhuma alteração do relaxamento induzido pelos demais agentes vasodilatadores foi observada. Esses dados sugerem que a hipertensão arterial induzida pela exposição perinatal ao Pb acontece independentemente de alterações nas vias de transdução para a vasodilatação NO/GMPc e b-adrenoceptor/AMPc. Ainda, uma diminuição na modulação endotelial...
Exposure to lead (Pb) has a role in the development of hypertension. It is known that the NO/cGMP and cAMP pathways and Na+-K+ ATPase are involved in the modulation of tone and contractility of vascular smooth muscle. It was investigated the changes in blood pressure (BP) and vascular reactivity to acetylcholine, nitroprusside and isoproterenol, as well as the functional activity of vascular Na+/K+ ATPase of weaned and adult rats exposed or not to Pb during pregnancy and lactation, focusing on the endothelial cell. Concentration-effect curves to acetylcholine, nitroprusside, isoproterenol and potassium were obtained in rings of thoracic aorta with and without endothelium of weaned and adult rats exposed to Pb during pregnancy and lactation. The perinatal exposure to Pb determined arterial hypertension in weaned offsprings [BP (mmHg): control 107,1 ± 1,8; Pb 117,8* ± 3,9] and adult rats [BP (mmHg): control 126,1 ± 1,1; Pb 139,6* ± 1,6], associated with a decreased sensitivity to K+ [EC50 (M): control 1,93 (1,67 – 2,22); Pb 2,58*(2,14 – 3,11)]. *P < 0.05, n= 6-20. However, no change in relaxation induced by other vasodilator agents was observed. These data suggest that the hypertension induced by perinatal Pb-exposure occurs independently of changes in the transduction pathways for NO/cGMP and b-adrenoceptor/AMPc vasodilation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Dascanio, Denise. "Estudo comparativo entre estilos parentais e o desempenho intelectual de crianças com alta e baixa plumbemia /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97436.
Full textBanca: Maria de Lourdes Merighi Tabaquim
Banca: José Gualberto Tuga Martins Angerami
Resumo: A intoxicação por chumbo é prejudicial ao desenvolvimento das crianças, sendo potencializada por outras variáveis ambientais e sociais como: alimentação inadequada, pobreza, baixa renda e qualidade da estimulação e interação fornecidas pelos pais e escola. Isso posto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo geral comparar o desempenho intelectual de crianças com alta e baixa plumbemia com os estilos parentais nas respectivas interações com os filhos. Para isso, foi utilizada a Escala Wechsler de Inteligência - WISC-III; Roteiro de Anammese e o IEP (Inventário de Estilos Parentais). Este estudo foi realizado com 80 participantes - 40 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 7 e 13 anos; e 40 pais (pai e mãe), todos moradores da área de risco próximo ao local de contaminação. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos: G1 - 20 crianças com alta plumbemia (superior a 10μg/dl); e G2 - 20 crianças com baixa plumbemia (inferior a 10μ/dl). Com as informações coletadas, procedeu-se a análise estatística com Teste do Mann Whitney, com 5% de significância. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma a contemplar cinco conjuntos de dados: I) Caracterização das crianças com alta plumbemia; II) Dados anamnésicos; III) WISC-III; IV) IEP - Inventário de Estilos Parentais e V) Comparação entre o WISC-III com o IEP. A análise dos dados apontou redução da plumbemia nas crianças entre os anos de 2002 e 2005. Para as crianças com alta plumbemia os pais relataram maior número de queixa escolar, problemas de saúde, socialização e motor, embora sem significância estatística entre os grupos. Nos itens avaliados pelo WISC-III, o desempenho do Grupo I foi menor que o do Grupo 2. Na Escala de Execução o desempenho dos dois grupos foi menor que para a escala Verbal, com diferença estatística entre os grupos em: QIE (0,001) e QIOP (0,04)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The lead poisoning cause impairment to the children's development, being strenghten by other environmental and social variables, as inadequate feeding, poverty, low income and quality of the stimulation and interaction supplied by the parents and school. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the children's intellectual development with high and low blood lead level with the parenting styles in the respective interactions with these children. In order to accomplish this study were used - WISC-III; Anamnese's Script and IEP (Parenting Styles's Inventory), in which all of the 80 participants - 40 children, of both sexes, with ages among 7 to 13 years old, and 40 parents (father or mother), lived in the risk's area, next to the contamination place. The children were divided into two groups: G1-20 children with blood lead level above 10μg/dl; and G2 - 20 children with blood lead level lower than 10μg/dl. With the collected information, the statistical analysis was preceded with Mann Whitney's test, with 5%. The results were presented in way to contemplate five groups of data: I) the children's Characterization with plumbemia; II) Anamnese's Script Date; III) WISC-III; IV) IEP - Parenting Styles's Inventory I and V) Comparison between WISC-III IEP. The analyzed data's showed a reduction of the bllod lead level in children between 2002 and 2005. For the children blood lead level the parents related a larger number of school complaints, health problems, socialization and less motor development, although without statistical difference between the groups. In the items evaluated by WISC-III, the development of Group 1 was smaller than Group 2. In the Scale of Execution the development for both groups were lower than the Verbal Scale, with statistical difference between the groups in: QIE (0,001) and QIOP (0,04). In the Parenting Styles... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Whitehead, LaToria. "The influence of non-governmental organizations on public policy: a case study on childhood lead poisoning prevention in Savannah, Georgia." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2011. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/208.
Full textGaspar, Andréia Fresneda. "Efeitos da exposição perinatal ao chumbo sobre a pressão arterial e a rea tividade vascular de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos, tratados ou não com DMSA, L-Arginina e/ou Enalapril / Andréia Fresneda Gaspar. -." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104585.
Full textBanca: Ione P. Lemonica
Banca: Luiz B. B. da Silva
Banca: Carlos A. Lazarini
Banca: Alaor A. Almeida
Resumo: A exposição ao chumbo (Pb) exerce papel relevante no desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial. Sabe-se que as vias NO/GMPc e AMPc e a Na+-K+ ATPase participam na modulação do tono e da contratilidade do músculo liso vascular. Investigou-se as alterações de pressão arterial (PA) e de reatividade vascular à acetilcolina, ao nitroprussiato e ao isoproterenol, bem como a atividade funcional da Na+/K+ ATPase vascular de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos expostos ou não ao Pb nos períodos pré-natal e de amamentação, com enfoque sobre a célula endotelial. Para tanto, curvas concentração-efeito à acetilcolina, nitroprussiato, isoproterenol e potássio foram obtidas em anéis de aorta torácica com e sem endotélio de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos expostos ao chumbo durante a prenhez e amamentação. A exposição perinatal ao Pb determinou hipertensão arterial em proles recém-desmamadas [PA (mmHg): controle 107,1 ± 1,8; Pb 117,8* ± 3,9] e proles adultas [PA (mmHg): controle 126,1 ± 1,1; Pb 139,6* ± 1,6], associada a uma diminuição de sensibilidade ao K+ [CE50 (M): controle 1,93 (1,67 - 2,22); Pb 2,58*(2,14 - 3,11)]. *P < 0,05, n= 6-20. Contudo, nenhuma alteração do relaxamento induzido pelos demais agentes vasodilatadores foi observada. Esses dados sugerem que a hipertensão arterial induzida pela exposição perinatal ao Pb acontece independentemente de alterações nas vias de transdução para a vasodilatação NO/GMPc e b-adrenoceptor/AMPc. Ainda, uma diminuição na modulação endotelial... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Exposure to lead (Pb) has a role in the development of hypertension. It is known that the NO/cGMP and cAMP pathways and Na+-K+ ATPase are involved in the modulation of tone and contractility of vascular smooth muscle. It was investigated the changes in blood pressure (BP) and vascular reactivity to acetylcholine, nitroprusside and isoproterenol, as well as the functional activity of vascular Na+/K+ ATPase of weaned and adult rats exposed or not to Pb during pregnancy and lactation, focusing on the endothelial cell. Concentration-effect curves to acetylcholine, nitroprusside, isoproterenol and potassium were obtained in rings of thoracic aorta with and without endothelium of weaned and adult rats exposed to Pb during pregnancy and lactation. The perinatal exposure to Pb determined arterial hypertension in weaned offsprings [BP (mmHg): control 107,1 ± 1,8; Pb 117,8* ± 3,9] and adult rats [BP (mmHg): control 126,1 ± 1,1; Pb 139,6* ± 1,6], associated with a decreased sensitivity to K+ [EC50 (M): control 1,93 (1,67 - 2,22); Pb 2,58*(2,14 - 3,11)]. *P < 0.05, n= 6-20. However, no change in relaxation induced by other vasodilator agents was observed. These data suggest that the hypertension induced by perinatal Pb-exposure occurs independently of changes in the transduction pathways for NO/cGMP and b-adrenoceptor/AMPc vasodilation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Wu, Jinfang. "Alzheimer's disease (AD) like pathology following developmental lead exposure in primates and the role of aging in AD-related genes regulation in rodents and primates /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2008. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3314462.
Full textReid, Clio. "Exploration-avoidance and an anthropogenic toxin (lead Pb) in a wild parrot (kea: Nestor notabilis) : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Ecology and Biodiversity /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/897.
Full textSandone, Gene James. "Evaluation of erythrocyte amino levulinic acid dehydratase as an indicator of chronic lead exposure in wild populations of rainbow trout." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90953.
Full textM.S.
Mudge, Jane. "Lead exposure and the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems experienced by children in the Port Pirie cohort study /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm944.pdf.
Full textEtchevers, Anne. "Exposition au plomb des enfants en France : déterminants et dépistage." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1B022.
Full textYoung children are most exposed to lead and the most susceptible to its health effects, notably on development. A nationwide representative survey on 3831 children in France has established the geometric mean of lead exposures at 14.9 (+/- 0.5) µg/L of blood with 76000 children beyond the mandatory action level of 50μg / L. The current screening criteria have proved insufficient to identify these overexposed children and new ones are proposed. In addition, an environmental investigation with lead measurements in housing was performed in 484 homes. Household floor dust and tap water are major factors of overexposure, and also the use of traditional dishes and cosmetics. Prevention policies must be pursued in light of the continuing sources of exposure and toxicity even at low doses
Sanders, Jana Farrell. "REPORT ON AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE FORT WAYNE-ALLEN COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, FORT WAYNE, INDIANA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1081980904.
Full textDascanio, Denise [UNESP]. "Estudo comparativo entre estilos parentais e o desempenho intelectual de crianças com alta e baixa plumbemia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97436.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A intoxicação por chumbo é prejudicial ao desenvolvimento das crianças, sendo potencializada por outras variáveis ambientais e sociais como: alimentação inadequada, pobreza, baixa renda e qualidade da estimulação e interação fornecidas pelos pais e escola. Isso posto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo geral comparar o desempenho intelectual de crianças com alta e baixa plumbemia com os estilos parentais nas respectivas interações com os filhos. Para isso, foi utilizada a Escala Wechsler de Inteligência - WISC-III; Roteiro de Anammese e o IEP (Inventário de Estilos Parentais). Este estudo foi realizado com 80 participantes - 40 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 7 e 13 anos; e 40 pais (pai e mãe), todos moradores da área de risco próximo ao local de contaminação. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos: G1 - 20 crianças com alta plumbemia (superior a 10μg/dl); e G2 - 20 crianças com baixa plumbemia (inferior a 10μ/dl). Com as informações coletadas, procedeu-se a análise estatística com Teste do Mann Whitney, com 5% de significância. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma a contemplar cinco conjuntos de dados: I) Caracterização das crianças com alta plumbemia; II) Dados anamnésicos; III) WISC-III; IV) IEP - Inventário de Estilos Parentais e V) Comparação entre o WISC-III com o IEP. A análise dos dados apontou redução da plumbemia nas crianças entre os anos de 2002 e 2005. Para as crianças com alta plumbemia os pais relataram maior número de queixa escolar, problemas de saúde, socialização e motor, embora sem significância estatística entre os grupos. Nos itens avaliados pelo WISC-III, o desempenho do Grupo I foi menor que o do Grupo 2. Na Escala de Execução o desempenho dos dois grupos foi menor que para a escala Verbal, com diferença estatística entre os grupos em: QIE (0,001) e QIOP (0,04)...
The lead poisoning cause impairment to the children's development, being strenghten by other environmental and social variables, as inadequate feeding, poverty, low income and quality of the stimulation and interaction supplied by the parents and school. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the children's intellectual development with high and low blood lead level with the parenting styles in the respective interactions with these children. In order to accomplish this study were used - WISC-III; Anamnese's Script and IEP (Parenting Styles's Inventory), in which all of the 80 participants - 40 children, of both sexes, with ages among 7 to 13 years old, and 40 parents (father or mother), lived in the risk's area, next to the contamination place. The children were divided into two groups: G1-20 children with blood lead level above 10μg/dl; and G2 - 20 children with blood lead level lower than 10μg/dl. With the collected information, the statistical analysis was preceded with Mann Whitney's test, with 5%. The results were presented in way to contemplate five groups of data: I) the children's Characterization with plumbemia; II) Anamnese's Script Date; III) WISC-III; IV) IEP - Parenting Styles's Inventory I and V) Comparison between WISC-III IEP. The analyzed data's showed a reduction of the bllod lead level in children between 2002 and 2005. For the children blood lead level the parents related a larger number of school complaints, health problems, socialization and less motor development, although without statistical difference between the groups. In the items evaluated by WISC-III, the development of Group 1 was smaller than Group 2. In the Scale of Execution the development for both groups were lower than the Verbal Scale, with statistical difference between the groups in: QIE (0,001) and QIOP (0,04). In the Parenting Styles... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Tong, Shilu. "Environmental lead and children's intelligence at ages 11-13 years : the Port Pirie cohort study /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht6647.pdf.
Full textTavares, Cristiane Fernandes de Freitas. "Estudo dos principais fatores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento das anemias hipocrômicas microcíticas em crianças na fase escolar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60135/tde-28032012-151617/.
Full textSeveral factors contribute to the development of anemia, which constitutes one of the most serious problems in public health. The hypochromic microcytic anemia is the most common type in children and adolescents. Among the causes for this type of anemia are: a) iron deficiency, which results from a long period of negative balance of the micronutrient, causing delay in growth and compromising the cognitive performance of the children; b) contamination by lead (lead poisoning), which also affects the development of children, and may be aggravated in carriers of polymorphism of the enzyme ALAD; c) hemoglobinopathies (variants hemoglobin and thalassemia), inherited anemia that affects 7% of the world population. Due to the high prevalence of these pathologies, the present study aimed at studying a group of children from public schools, identifying the factors that contribute to the development of hypochromic microcytic anemia and establishing relations between the laboratorial characteristics of the diseases. The study had the participation of 427 children, aged between 6 and 9 years old, being 235 female and 192 male students from Municipal and State Schools in the north area of Ribeirao Preto-SP. It analyzed: a) number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, red cell indices and red cell distribution width (automatic counter Micros 45 . Horiba ABXR) and calculation of the mathematical index RDWI; b) plasma lead levels (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer VG PlasmaQuad PQIIR) and study of the deletions of the polymorphisms of the enzyme ALAD, by PCR; c) iron status by serum ferritin levels (immunochemiluminescence using the kit Ferritin Immulite . DPCR and the equipment Immulite 1 - DPCR), soluble transferrin receptor (enzyme immune assay, using the kit Quantikine soluble transferrin receptor of R&D SystemsR and the microplate reader ELISA READER 210, model Microwell System Organon TeknikaR) and calculation of the sTfR/log ferritin index; d) hemoglobin analysis by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate at alkaline pH, HPLC (automated system Variant II Bio-RadR and the kit gÀ-thalassemia Short Program) and PCR for the main deletion of ¿-thalassemias. Based on the WHO criteria by to define anemia (Hb under 11.5 g/dL), it was verified that 75 (17.6%) children were anemic, being 33 (44%) with hemoglobinopathy, 29 (38.6%) with anemia of unknown causes and 13 (17.4%) with iron deficiency anemia. Among the anemias, only 14 were hypochromic microcytic, 10 (71.4%) being some sort of hemoglobinopathy, 2 (14.2%) due to iron deficiency and 2 (14.2%) due to unknown causes. In the studied population, the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies was 16.6%, namely: 11.6% with ¿-thalassemia; 4% with Hb F elevated; 3.5% with Hb AS; 2.8% with À- thalassemia; 0.96% with ¿/À-thalassemia and 0.24% with Hb AC. The plasma lead levels, in all participants of the study, were within the levels recommended by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (< 10 Êg/dL), without the interference of the metal in the pathogenesis of the anemias. There was no significant association between the polymorphisms of the ALAD-1 (ALAD1-1 and ALAD1-2) and the plasma lead levels. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed in 3% of the children and ID in 6.1%, using a cutoff of 30 ng/mL for serum ferritin. There was agreement in the identification of hemoglobinopathies using the methodologies electrophoresis of hemoglobin in cellulose acetate and the HPLC, as these methodologies are not useful to diagnose ¿-thalassemia. In order to identify the carriers of ¿-thalassemia gene deletion (.¿3,7) it is necessary to use the molecular analysis (PCR). The suspicion of Hb S/À-thalassemia identified by HPLC must be confirmed through the analysis iv of the parents and/or siblings. The ferritin was a good parameter to identify ID early and useful to differ the carriers of hemoglobinopathies of the carriers of ID and IDA. The sTfR/log ferritin level was more sensitive than the sTfR, in the differentiation of ID and thalassemia. In the diagnosis of the hypochromic microcytic anemias, it is necessary to analyze a set of determinations, including hematological exam, iron status, electrophoretic profile, in some cases including relatives, and molecular analysis of the hemoglobinopathies.
Gonçalves, Soraya Cheier Dib. "Incorporação de chumbo pós-eruptiva em esmalte de dentes decíduos e correlação com saliva e plasma - Estudo longitudinal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-23052012-164753/.
Full textEnvironmental exposure to lead is one of the most serious contamination problems that affect public health. Even in small amounts, lead can cause neurological and biochemical changes, such as mental problems and hyperactivity. In Brazil, there is no program for the detection of children contaminated by this metal. Children are more sensitive to the deleterious effects of chronic lead exposure. Studies that proved association between environmental exposure to lead and neurological developmental problems used dentine of primary teeth as a marker of lead exposure. Studies by our group suggest that superficial enamel of deciduous teeth would be a good cumulative marker of past exposure to lead, and this tissue has considerable advantages regarding access and the perspective of development of tests for environmental monitoring of children. An important question is whether the concentrations of lead found in deciduous enamel surface vary over time in children with low exposure and if there are correlations between the concentrations of lead in the enamel surface and those of the main body fluids from which the lead was accumulated in the enamel, which are whole blood, plasma and saliva. The aims of this study was to investigate in vivo, by testing lead concentration in deciduous enamel of primary teeth, if the lead accumulated in the first micrometers of enamel increases along three years and if the concentrations of lead found in enamel surface were correlated with those found in whole blood, plasma and saliva. The initial sample consisted of 50 children aged 2 to 3 years from Ribeirão Preto, who were receiving dental care at Children\'s Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - USP and students of Nursery Carochinha (USP-Ribeirão Preto). The following samples were obtained: first stage (2009): 01 sample of whole blood and 01 sample of enamel of a central upper incisor, second stage (2010): 01 sample of whole blood, 01 sample of blood plasma, 01 sample of saliva and 01 sample of enamel from the contralateral tooth; third stage (2011): 01 sample of whole blood, 01 sample of blood plasma, 01 sample of saliva and 02 enamel samples of lateral upper incisors. Phosphorus was determined by a colorimetric method, in order to calculate the depth of enamel tests. Lead concentrations in plasma, saliva and enamel were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and whole blood by atomic absorption spectrometer with graphite furnace. Many children or their guardians did not allow the collection of blood in any of the periods, and thus, over the three years, we had the enrollment of only 20 children. In 2009, the concentration of lead in whole blood varied from 0.2 μg / dL to 7.48 μg /dL and the median was 0.26 μg/dL. Only one child had a blood lead level 5 μg/ dL. In 2010, the concentration of lead in whole blood ranged from 0.2 μg/dL to 3.8 μg/dL and the median was 0.32 μg/dL. In 2011, the concentration of lead in blood ranged from 1.15 μg/dL to 3.55 μg/dL and the median was 0.95 μg/dL. The blood lead data do not show statistically significant differences over the years (p> 0.05). In 2010, values of lead in plasma ranged from 0.29 to 3.20 μg/L and the median was 0.49 μg/L. In 2011, lead levels in plasma ranged from 0.38 to 1.60 μg/L with median 0.52 μg/L. The lead concentration in Saliva 2010 ranged from 0.02 to 3.00μ g/L, median 0.34 μg/L. In 2011, these values ranged from 0.02 to 4.27 μg/L and the median was 0.19 μg/L. For lead concentrations in plasma and saliva, there were no statistically significant differences between groups (Saliva 2010 x Saliva 2011; Plasma 2010 x Plasma 2011)(Mann-Whitney test, p> 0.05). To analyze enamel samples, the values of lead were recalculated so they would reflect the lead found in one same depth, which was 3.4 micrometers. None of the groups (enamel from 2009, enamel from 2010 and enamel from 2011) presented normal distribution. There was no statistically significant difference between these three groups (p=0.71, Kruskal-Wallis). A correlation analysis was performed after logarithmic transformation (log10) of all values. Even after this transformation, two groups still did not exhibit normal distribution, which were Plasma 2011 & Enamel 2010. The associations that involved these two groups were tested using the Spearman correlation test, while all other associations were tested using the Pearson correlation test. The significant positive correlations found were: Whole Blood 2009 and Whole Blood 2010 (rP = 0,64; p = 0,002) ; Whole Blood 2010 and Whole Blood 2011 (rP = 0,66; p = 0,002); between Enamel 2011 and Whole Blood 2009 (rP= 0.44, p = 0.05) and between Enamel 2009 and Enamel 2010 (rS= 0.45, p= 0.03). There was an inverse association between Saliva 2010 and Enamel 2011 (rP= - 0,55; p = 0,013). Conclusion: The lead values obtained in all samples over three years characterized low exposure to lead by the group studied. Lead concentrations in blood, saliva, plasma and enamel did not vary over time. Of the 28 associations tested, the ones between Whole Blood 2009 and 2011 and between Enamel 2009 and 2010 were positive and significant. The association between Saliva 2010 and Enamel 2011 was negative and significant. The results suggest that the lead found in the enamel is correlated with past exposure to lead characterized in this study by the yearly whole blood lead data. The results further suggest that the dental enamel can be a reliable marker to assess the degree of exposure to lead of populations, since the primary teeth´s enamel surface did not incorporate lead in substantial quantities between 2 and 5 years in children with low exposure to this metal and low caries activity.
Ferron, Mariana Maleronka. "Intoxicação ambiental por chumbo em crianças de uma vila de Porto Alegre e avaliação ambiental preliminar das possíveis fontes de contaminação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-09122010-103811/.
Full textIntroduction: Environmental lead intoxication is an extensively investigated issue in several countries. In Brazil, there are only a few studies on the theme, most of which were carried out in places with previous reports of environmental lead contamination. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of lead intoxication in children, from a neighborhood of the city of Porto Alegre without previous descriptions of environmental lead contamination, but with risk factors described in the literature and additionally to evaluate associated factors and possible local sources of contamination. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of prevalence with random sample of children aged 0 to 5, in which the level of lead in the blood was measured and a questionnaire was applied to evaluate associated factors. Afterwards, a preliminary environmental evaluation was carried out with direct analyses of soil and indirect analyses of air pollution, using bioindicators, in an attempt to verify possible local sources of contamination. Results: 97 children participated in the study (83.6% of the selected sample), with 16.5% of the sample showing intoxication (blood [Pb] >= 10.0 ?g/dL). Waste recycling at home, father\'s educational level and age were factors related to an increase in the concentration of lead in the blood. High levels of lead were found in the soil and there was little indication of lead deposition through atmospheric emissions. Discussion: A significant prevalence of lead intoxication was found and the possible sources of contamination in this community seem to be related to activities of waste recycling. Other studies on this matter in children in the general Brazilian population should be carried out, as well as assessments of possible sources and local risk factors.
Zucki, Fernanda. "Potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico e análise proteômica em ratos expostos a chumbo e suplementados com ferro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-11112013-160056/.
Full textThere is a lack of consensus in the literature about the toxic effects of lead in the auditory system, both in clinical and experimental studies. In addition to that, it has been reported that iron has a protective effect on brain toxicity caused by lead. Therefore, clinical and biochemical studies have been carried out to understand the relationship between Pb and the auditory function, as well as if the ferreous sulfate as an otoprotectant. In this study the maturational process of the auditory nerve and brainstem and the proteomic profile of the auditory portion of the brainstem of rats exposed to lead and supplemented with iron were evaluated. The experiment was carried out for six weeks with 30 wealing rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar), divided into six groups of five animals each: a control group that received deionized water; two experimental groups receiving 100 mg/L Pb(CH3COO)2 in drinking water, being given 20 mg/kg FeSO4 simultaneously to one of them every two days; two groups received 400 mg/LPb(CH3COO)2 in drinking water, where to one of them was given 20 mg/kg FeSO4 simultaneously every two days; and an experimental group that received deionized water and a solution of 20 mg/kg FeSO4 every two days. The maturational process of the auditory system was verified by analyzing the Brainstem Auditory-Evoked Potential (BAEP) at two different times, before and after lead exposure. The animals were sacrificed, their blood collected and brainstem removed. The concentration of lead in blood and brain stem showed a dose-response, confirmed by correlation between the concentration in the two compartments (rr2 = 0.905, p <0.0001). Ferreous sulfate reduced the levels of lead in blood and tissue, although the difference was only significant for blood (group receiving 100 mg/L Pb(CH3COO)2). Concerning to BEAP we observed a statistically significant difference for the interpeak I-II (p = 0.049) in the experimental groups 100 and 400 mg/L Pb(CH3COO)2 and for the interpeak I-IV, when groups 100 and 100 mg/L Pb(CH3COO)2 + FeSO4 were compared (p = 0.033). The proteomic analysis showed a considerable decrease in the number of protein spots detected in all experimental groups compared to control, as well as a reduction in the expression pattern of the proteins. Thus, the present study reinforces the hypothesis of deleterious role of Pb in dosages of 100 and 400 mg/L Pb(CH3COO)2 in the maturation of the auditory nerve and cochlear nucleus region, with a possible protective effect of ferreous sulfate. The proteomic analysis of the brainstem of rats showed that lead acetate alters protein expression of this structure. However, the protective effect of ferreous sulfate was not confirmed for the identified proteins.
Lghouzouani, Larbi. "Effet du souffre, du cuivre et du plomb sur l'activité et la sélectivité des catalyseurs au platine." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2319.
Full textOlympio, Kelly Polido Kaneshiro. "Exposição a chumbo e comportamento anti-social em adolescentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-02032009-111851/.
Full textIntroduction - Lead poisoning is a long known public health problem. Thus, lead exposure may cause damage to diverse organs, especially in the Central Nervous System of children in developing process. Objectives- a) to analyze the association between lead exposure and antisocial / delinquent behavior; b) to study the potential sources of lead home exposure more associated to high dental enamel lead levels (DELL) and c) to evaluate two distinct enamel biopsy protocols in relation to biopsy depth and DELL. Methods- A cross-sectional study was conducted with 173 adolescents (Bauru, SP, Brazil). Surface dental enamel (SDE) etch-acid microbiopsies were performed in upper central incisors of these youths by two different methodological protocols. In addition, questionnaires about adolescents behavior and about possible sources of lead contamination were responded by youths and their parents. Logistic regression, Wilcoxon and paired t tests were applied to data. Results- Odd ratios adjusted for familial and social covariates indicated that high DELL is associated with increased risk of exceeding the clinical score for somatic complaints, social problems, rulebreaking behavior (T70) and externalizing problems (T63) (CI 95%). High DELL was not found to be associated with elevated SRD scores. The risk factors associated to high DELL were residing in contaminated area or close proximity and working in paints, pigments, ceramic or batteries manufacturing. The biopsy depth, calculated by the cylinder formula, for Protocol II induced misleading results, as confirmed by profilometry tests. Conclusions- It seems that exposure to high lead levels can indeed trigger antisocial behavior, which claims for public policies to prevent lead poisoning. Adolescents were exposed to lead, by some studied sources, in Brazil. SDE, measured by etch-acid microbiopsy, is a reliable biomarker, but DELL could not be compared when there is some methodological variation among the studies. A standardization of the procedure is necessary.
Ruegg, Evonne Teresa Nicole. "Investigating the porphyrias through analysis of biochemical pathways." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biochemistry, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10257.
Full textHanks, Katherine E. "Does the 1978 ban on lead-based paint reduce childhood lead poisoning?" 2007. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/hanks%5Fkatherine%5Fe%5F200705%5Fms.
Full textLIN, SHUN-TANG, and 林順堂. "Resistivity to lead poisoning of nickel-alumina catalysts." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55510890420363894893.
Full textKhan, Taskeen. "Exposure of lead amongst primary school children in fishing communities in South Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15464.
Full textBACKGROUND: Lead is one of the most widely used and studied heavy metals. Lead has a number of serious detrimental effects including those related to the nervous system (seizures, ataxia) heamotological system (anaemia) and renal system. The severity and prognosis of diseases related to lead exposure is more pronounced in children, even with very low blood levels. Anecdotal reports of lead melting to make fishing sinkers in South African subsistence fishing communities prompted the conduct of an epidemiological study in four South African fishing villages to investigate the extent of lead melting and the associated risks in children. METHODS: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted. The study was conducted in two schools located along the western (Atlantic Ocean) coast of South Africa (HP Williams Primere in Stompneusbaai and NGK Primary School in Elands Bay) and in two schools located along the southern (Indian Ocean) coast of South Africa Bertie Barnard School in Stilbaai, Struisbaai Primere School in Struisbaai. Blood samples were collected for lead content analysis, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Questionnaires were administered to obtain information about socio-economic status and risk factors for lead exposure. A total of 196 children from grade 0, 1 and 2 were included in the study. RESULTS: Blood lead levels in the sample ranged from 1.9 to 22.4 μg/dl. Central tendency of the blood lead level demonstrated an arithmetic mean of 6.87 μg/dl (95% CI: 6.36 to 7.37 μg/dl) and a median of 6.1 μg/dl. More than half of the children in the study had blood lead levels between 5.0 - 9.9 μg/dl, whilst 13% that had levels higher than 10 μg/dl. Age, sex and ethnicity was not significantly associated with high blood lead levels whilst, lead melting practices and interaction of children with pets were strongly associated with high blood lead levels in children. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of a fisherman in the household and children watching smelting were significantly associated with higher blood lead levels. Village remained a confounding variable in the model. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first report on blood lead levels in fishing villages on the African continent and provides evidence that lead is still used widely as the primary substance used to make fishing sinkers. The prevalence of plumbism was high at 75%. Policy and awareness is needed to address this neglected public health concern.
"Childhood lead poisoning in high-risk residents of Orleans Parish." Tulane University, 1998.
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Yang, Kai-wei, and 楊鎧蔚. "Lead Poisoning caused by domestic Incense Burning: A Case Study." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b5p95k.
Full text中國醫藥大學
職業安全與衛生學系碩士在職專班
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Lead poisoning is a serious condition that effects multiple organs systems in humans. Identifying source of exposure is essential to both preventing and controlling intoxication. We presented a family who performed Chinese exorcism at home, was tested with high blood lead level and classical symptoms of lead poisoning. Analysis of dust samples in the patient’s house found abnormally high concentration of lead. The results indicated that incense fume is the well-founded culprit of occupational and domestic lead poisoning. We suggested enhancing ventilation as a mean to reduce lead exposure associated with incense burning.