Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lead pencils

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Lead pencils'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Lead pencils"

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RITTER, STEVE. "PENCILS & PENCIL LEAD." Chemical & Engineering News 79, no. 42 (October 15, 2001): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n042.p035.

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Abraham, E., A. Younus, A. El Fatimy, J. C. Delagnes, E. Nguéma, and P. Mounaix. "Broadband terahertz imaging of documents written with lead pencils." Optics Communications 282, no. 15 (August 2009): 3104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.04.039.

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Shekhawat, Vibhooti. "Graphite-paper circuit elements: Resistor, capacitor, and π value estimation." Physics Teacher 61, no. 2 (February 2023): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0077435.

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Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, is also a moderately good conductor of electricity. The shading pencil lead consists of graphite mixed with clay and, therefore, can conduct electricity, allowing one to construct and demonstrate different properties and the underlying concepts of circuit elements. The grade displayed on the pencil relates to the graphite-to-clay ratio, with higher B grades indicating a higher graphite-to-clay ratio. In this paper, the main objective is to show the dependence of resistance and capacitors on different physical parameters and to calculate the value of π electrically. The materials used in this activity are readily available, affordable, and suitable for demonstration purposes. The materials used to perform these activities are shading pencils of different grades, A-4 size papers, crocodile clips, and an LCR meter.
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Liao, Chun-An, Yee-Kwan Kwan, Tien-Chan Chang, and Yiin-Kuen Fuh. "Ball-Milled Recycled Lead-Graphite Pencils as Highly Stretchable and Low-Cost Thermal-Interface Materials." Polymers 10, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10070799.

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A simple and sustainable production of nanoplatelet graphite at low cost is presented using carbon-based materials, including the recycled lead-graphite pencils. In this work, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (EGNs), ball-milled exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (BMEGNs) and recycled lead-graphite pencils (recycled 2B), as well as thermally cured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), are used to fabricate highly stretchable thermal-interface materials (TIMs) with good thermally conductive and mechanically robust properties. Several characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that recycled nanoplatelet graphite with lateral size of tens of micrometers can be reliably produced. Experimentally, the thermal conductivity was measured for EGNs, BMEGNs and recycled 2B fillers with/without the effect of ball milling. The in-plane thermal conductivities of 12.97 W/mK (EGN), 13.53 W/mK (recycled 2B) and 14.56 W/mK (BMEGN) and through-plane thermal conductivities of 0.76 W/mK (EGN), 0.84 W/mK (recycled 2B) and 0.95 W/mK (BMEGN) were experimentally measured. Anisotropies were calculated as 15.31, 15.98 and 16.95 for EGN, recycled 2B and BMEGN, respectively. In addition, the mechanical robustness of the developed TIMs is such that they are capable of repeatedly bending at 180 degrees with outstanding flexibility, including the low-cost renewable material of recycled lead-graphite pencils. For heat dissipating application in high-power electronics, the TIMs of recycled 2B are capable of effectively reducing temperatures to approximately 6.2 °C as favorably compared with thermal grease alone.
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Bhowmik, R. N. "Ferromagnetism in lead graphite-pencils and magnetic composite with CoFe2O4 particles." Composites Part B: Engineering 43, no. 2 (March 2012): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.07.013.

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Turlyun, L. N. "COMPUTER GRAPHICS AS A FORM OF COMPUTER VISUAL ART." Arts education and science 2, no. 31 (2022): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202202016.

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The article is devoted to computer graphics as the main type of computer visual art. It gives a historical review of the origin of computer graphics. The first artists in computer graphics are: Ben Laposki, Herbert Franke, Michael Noll, Friederich Nake, Charles Xuri, Harold Cohen. The concepts of pencil, charcoal, computer graphics, computer art, engraving, etching, linocut are covered. A comparative analysis of traditional graphic art and computer graphics is conducted. The article provides a brief historical overview of graphite, Italian and lead pencils and focuses on the imitation of traditional graphic tools in graphic editors. It is emphasized that hatchings modelling plays a special role in imitation of pencil drawing technique by means of computer graphics, as well as in traditional drawing. The shading modelling methods developed by software artists Cortez, Yamamoto, Herzmann, Litvinovich, Shiraishi, and Yamaguchi are described. The popularity of engravings in illustrating books and periodicals is noted. A classification of printed graphics by type and production technique is carried out. The article provides an overview of the main imitation filters for all types of engraving. In particular, such filters as "Engraver", "Cutline" Linocut are considered.
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Ahmadnasab, Morad, and Panayiotis J. Psarrakos. "Eigenvalue characterization of some structured matrix pencils under linear perturbation." Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 40 (February 20, 2024): 274–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/ela.2024.7371.

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We study the effect of linear perturbations on three families of matrix pencils. The matrix pairs of the first two families are Hermitian/skew-Hermitian with special $3\times 3$ block cases appeared in continuous-time control, and the matrix pairs of the third family are special $3\times 3$ non-Hermitian block matrices appeared in discrete-time control. For the first family of matrix pencils and more general cases of the second family of matrix pencils, based on the properties of the involved matrices, we obtain some upper or lower bounds on the set of eigenvalues of linearly perturbed matrix pencils which are on the imaginary axis. Studying a special $3\times 3$ block matrix pencil, which is associated with continuous-time control, leads us to some linear perturbation that do not preserve (properly) the structure of the matrices. This, in turn, leads to a numerical technique for finding the nearest Hermitian/skew-Hermitian matrix pencil which can satisfy conditions such that, for some nonzero real perturbation parameter, some or all of its eigenvalues lie on the imaginary axis. We also study the linearly perturbed matrix pencils, associated with discrete-time control, using an one-to-one equivalence between the matrix pencil of continuous-time problem and the matrix pencil of discrete-time problem.
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Юрков, В., and V. Yurkov. "Approximation of Linear Sets in the Plane." Geometry & Graphics 7, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5dce6cf7ae1d70.85408915.

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A few general lines in the ordinary Euclidean plane are said to be line generators of a plane linear set. To be able to say that every line of the set belongs to one-parametrical line set we have to find their envelope. We thus create a pencil of lines. In this article it will be shown that there are a finite number of pencils in one linear set. To find a pencil of lines the linear parametrical approximation is applied. Almost all of problems concerning the parametrical approximation of figure sets are well known and deeply developed for any point sets. The problem of approximation for non-point sets is an actual one. The aim of this paper is to give a path to parametrical approximation of linear sets defined in plane. The sets are discrete and consist of finite number of lines without any order. Each line of the set is given as y = ax + b. Parametrical approximation means a transformation the discrete set of lines into completely continuous family of lines. There are some problems. 1. The problem of order. It is necessary to represent the chaotic set of lines as well-ordered one. The problem is solved by means of directed circuits. Any of chaotic sets has a finite number of directed circuits. To create an order means to find all directed circuits in the given set. 2. The problem of choice. In order to find the best approximation, for example, the simplest one it is necessary to choose the simplest circuit. Some criteria of the choice are discussed in the paper. 3. Interpolation the set of line factors. A direct approach would simply construct an interpolation for all line factors. But this can lead to undesirable oscillations of the line family. To eliminate the oscillations the special factor interpolation are suggested. There are linear sets having one or several multiple points, one or several multiple lines and various combinations of multiple points and lines. Some theorems applied to these cases are formulated in the paper.
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Hwang, Yuri, and Namje Park. "Development of a Digilog Learning Model for Training on the Principles of Artificial Intelligence Learning in Elementary Education." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 1465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2021.9625.

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The importance of nurturing human resources who will lead the 4th Industrial Revolution is increasing, and artificial intelligence is a core factor of innovative technologies. Therefore, developing various and interesting teaching methods for principles of artificial intelligence is necessary. This article suggests teaching principles of artificial intelligence by convergence of digital and analogue, called digilog. Students get to know how machines can learn and operate, which is digital, with paper worksheets and several physical teaching aids, which are analogue. In digilog way, students figure out the principles of image recognition. There are two methods, MAX and filtration box. The principles of artificial intelligence are too abstract to understand for elementary learners who are yet at concrete operational period, according to Piaget. Therefore, the convergence of digital and analogue is effective for teaching and learning about artificial intelligence in elementary education. Elementary learners examine colorful virtual images in their worksheet and use their hands and pencils to trace artificial intelligence’s work. They end up with figuring out how artificial intelligence compresses inserted images into smaller reference images step by step. With the offered method and developing more diverse digilog elements, elementary learners’ knowledge and experiences necessary for the future society will be increased.
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Hwang, Yuri, and Namje Park. "Development of a Digilog Learning Model for Training on the Principles of Artificial Intelligence Learning in Elementary Education." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 1465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2021.9625.

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The importance of nurturing human resources who will lead the 4th Industrial Revolution is increasing, and artificial intelligence is a core factor of innovative technologies. Therefore, developing various and interesting teaching methods for principles of artificial intelligence is necessary. This article suggests teaching principles of artificial intelligence by convergence of digital and analogue, called digilog. Students get to know how machines can learn and operate, which is digital, with paper worksheets and several physical teaching aids, which are analogue. In digilog way, students figure out the principles of image recognition. There are two methods, MAX and filtration box. The principles of artificial intelligence are too abstract to understand for elementary learners who are yet at concrete operational period, according to Piaget. Therefore, the convergence of digital and analogue is effective for teaching and learning about artificial intelligence in elementary education. Elementary learners examine colorful virtual images in their worksheet and use their hands and pencils to trace artificial intelligence’s work. They end up with figuring out how artificial intelligence compresses inserted images into smaller reference images step by step. With the offered method and developing more diverse digilog elements, elementary learners’ knowledge and experiences necessary for the future society will be increased.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lead pencils"

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Elkordy, Nadia S. "Determining the feasibility of making bamboo charcoal pencil leads in developing countries using graphite pencil lead manufacturing processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45796.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44).
Many organizations seek to alleviate poverty in the developing world. One organization in particular strives to improve the livelihood of people in poverty through the technical development of and training in bamboo and rattan enterprises, the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR). A team in the Spring 2008 D-Lab: Design class has been collaborating with members of INBAR located in India to develop the processes and tools necessary to make pencils from bamboo, rather than wood. The communities that launch this enterprise will need to outsource the glue and graphite leads required to complete the pencils. Waste is generated by cutting processes used to dimension the bamboo to appropriate pencil size and from the parts of the bamboo stalk that cannot be used in pencils, the nodes. If this bamboo waste is carbonized to charcoal, it can be made into pencil leads, eliminating the need for communities to purchase graphite leads from an external source. Manufacturing pencil leads from bamboo waste could raise the profit generated by the enterprise, create more jobs, and help to alleviate poverty in regions of the world where it is widespread. This thesis presents factors affecting the feasibility of using graphite pencil lead manufacturing processes to make bamboo charcoal pencil leads using clay as a binder. The feasibility is determined by modeling industrial-scale graphite pencil lead manufacturing techniques with small-scale methods that are replicable in a developing country and then comparing the resulting charcoal lead performance to graphite lead performance qualities, including the ability of the lead to write smoothly on paper and its ability to be erased. Experimentation conducted found that vitrification of the charcoal leads is possible at kiln temperatures in excess of 1250 °C and that a sufficiently reducing environment could be simulated using a capped steel nipple. However, a higher performance lead that makes marks comparable to a graphite pencil lead can be attained by simply heat-drying or sintering the charcoal pencil leads and coating them in wax.
by Nadia S. Elkordy.
S.B.
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Falcetelli, Francesco. "Modelling of Pencil-Lead Break Acoustic Emission Sources using the Time Reversal Technique." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16554/.

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In Acoustic Emissions (AE), Hsu-Nielsen Pencil-Lead Breaks (PLB) are used to generate sound waves enabling the characterization of acoustic wave speed in complex structures. The broadband signal of a PLB represents a repeatable emission, which can be applied at different regions of the structure, and therefore can be used to calibrate the localization algorithms of the AE system. In recent years, the use of Finite Element Method (FEM) has flourished for modelling acoustic Lamb wave propagation, which is present in thin plate-like structures. The primary challenge faced by the AE community is the lack of a well-known mathematical function of a PLB signal that can be applied in numerical simulations. This study makes use of a Time Reversal (TR) approach to identify the emission source of the PLB on a 7075-T651 aluminum plate. An ABAQUS CAETM model with piezoelectric actuators and sensors was developed. In order to avoid edge reflections, absorbing boundaries based on the Stiffness Reduction Method (SRM) were considered. The captured PLB signals were used as input to the FEM and was time-reversed. Furthermore, a band-limited white noise signal was used to calibrate the contribution of the broadband frequencies found in the transmitted wave packet. Preliminary results indicate that the TR approach can be used to understand the shape and function of the original transmitted signal.
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Venturini, Nicolas. "Experimental Broadband Signal Reconstruction for Plate-like Structures." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20470/.

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In the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) field, the Acoustic Emission (AE) technique is a passive method by which damage is localized and identified by capturing Lamb Waves (LW) signals propagating in a plate-like structure. The reconstruction of emitted signals from damage at the source location constitutes one of the main challenges faced by the SHM community. Recently, the application of a Frequencies Compensation Transfer Function (FCTF) has been used to reconstruct narrowband and broadband signals through a hybrid experimental and numerical Time Reversal (TR) process on aluminum plates. This study aims to reconstruct through experimental methods different types of narrowband and broadband signals on different plate-like structures making use of FCTF. In particular, Hanning Window (HW) and numerical broadband signals have been reconstructed for aluminum and steel plates. The results obtained in this study show how the FCTF method can be applied to different types of materials in plate-like structures. Moreover, the FCTF method has been applied on real broadband signals emitted by the Pencil Lead Break (PLB) technique and Rock Impact (RI) test. These last results prove that the FCTF method is able to compensate for the frequency changes on a single wave packet. Such results are fundamental, as they open the possibility to reconstruct any type of source signals emitted by any damage type.
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Palmiter, Erica Maria. "The artist as researcher : a narrative case study of Lead Pencil Studio." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21404.

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This thesis is a narrative case study that examined the studio art practice of Lead Pencil Studio, a Seattle-based artist collaborative that explore our spatial relationships with architecture through site-specific installations. The case study specifically focused on the work of Daniel Mihalyo and Annie Han (Lead Pencil Studio) while they were at the Visual Arts Center in The University of Texas at Austin for a spring 2013 artist-in-residence program. The research focused specifically on the artists’ day-to-day process, examining the thoughts and actions that went into creating their work, Diffuse Reflection Lab, a two-story plywood structure that examined reflection’s effect on architecture through various vignettes. Through concentrated observations of the Lead Pencil Studio’s work and three semi-structured interviews, this thesis examined how traditional research practices are integrated into the studio art process. By examining the art/research relationship the author also situates this work in the field of practice-based research. While this work specifically focused on the research conducted by a pair of professional artists, it also extends to a broader argument about the role of research in art lessons. Since this thesis is based in art education, it connects the themes observed in the artists’ studio practice to interdisciplinary learning and arts integration. The author ultimately argues that Lead Pencil Studio’s art/research practice can be used in the classroom as an example of transdisciplinary learning and that it models a rigorous approach to creativity within other disciplines.
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Books on the topic "Lead pencils"

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Association, Reader's Digest, ed. Reader's digest complete drawing & sketching course: Mastering lead pencils, charcoal, pastels, pen and ink, and water-soluble pencils. Pleasantville, N.Y: Reader's Digest Association, 2001.

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Studio, Lead Pencil. After. Boise, Idaho: Boise Art Museum, 2009.

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Standardization, International Organization for. Black leads for wood-cased pencils: Classification and diameters. [Geneve]: ISO, 1988.

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1941-, Henderson Bill, ed. Minutes of the Lead Pencil Club: Pulling the plug on the electronic revolution. Wainscott, N.Y: Pushcart Press, 1997.

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1941-, Henderson Bill, ed. Minutes of the the [sic] Lead Pencil Club: Pulling the plug on the electronic revolution. Wainscott, N.Y: Pushcart, 1996.

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Ullyett, Roy. While there's still lead in my pencil: His own story of more than 60 years drawing a wage in Fleet Street. London: André Deutsch, 1998.

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Heath, Fran. Pencil Lead. 6-Sided Books, 2018.

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Heath, Fran. Pencil Lead. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016.

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Peake, Mervyn. Craft of the Lead Pencil. Unicorn Publishing Group, 2016.

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Salwey, Jasper. The Art of Drawing in Lead Pencil. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lead pencils"

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Zagorodnyuk, Sergey. "Pencils of Semi-Infinite Matrices and Orthogonal Polynomials." In Matrix Theory - Classics and Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102422.

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Semi-infinite matrices, generalized eigenvalue problems, and orthogonal polynomials are closely related subjects. They connect different domains in mathematics—matrix theory, operator theory, analysis, differential equations, etc. The classical examples are Jacobi and Hessenberg matrices, which lead to orthogonal polynomials on the real line (OPRL) and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle (OPUC). Recently there turned out that pencils (i.e., operator polynomials) of semi-infinite matrices are related to various orthogonal systems of functions. Our aim here is to survey this increasing subject. We are mostly interested in pencils of symmetric semi-infinite matrices. The corresponding polynomials are defined as generalized eigenvectors of the pencil. These polynomials possess special orthogonality relations. They have physical and mathematical applications that will be discussed. Examples show that there is an unclarified relation to Sobolev orthogonal polynomials. This intriguing connection is a challenge for further investigations.
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"Lead." In Around the World in 18 Elements, 49–58. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781849738040-00049.

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Lead was one of the seven metals recognized in the alchemical tradition (the others being gold, silver, mercury, iron, copper and tin). Each of these seven metals was associated with a “planet”† and, in the case of lead, the planet was Saturn. Today, the mystical traditions of alchemy and astrology are incompatible with science but Saturn—slow moving in the heavens—was associated with lead and anyone born “under the influence” of Saturn (in astrological terms) was destined to be gloomy and indolent (hence the word saturnine). Astrologists continue to engage the credulous with “predictions” gleaned from the planetary positions, but there is little doubt that lead exposure has a negative impact on health. It is quite possible that early metals workers who were exposed to lead vapour would have developed many symptoms of lead poisoning: insomnia, depression and nausea, which are consistent with “saturnine” personality traits. A recent study showed a correlation (if not necessarily a causal link) between the end of the use of tetraethyl lead (and additive in petrol) and a reduction in violent crime. Today, no-one seriously believes that the position of Saturn at your birth determines your personality but, equally, few would dispute the damaging influence of lead on health. We often perceive early systems of belief as childish and/or ridiculous but there would have been a certain logical consistency to them. It was, after all, the astrologers who were the forerunners of today's astronomers and the alchemists who preceded the chemists. In this chapter we will start by taking a historical look at lead: was lead the cause of the demise of the Roman Empire as has been suggested? Compounds of lead were there at the beginning of the cosmetics industry, and artists have used some of its more colourful compounds as pigments. More recently, most new cars have been fitted with a lead accumulator battery and lead isotopes have helped us age the Earth, BUT (and lets clear this one up from the off!)…you will NOT find lead in pencils.
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Öhrström, Lars. "Graphite Valley: IT in the Eighteenth-Century Lake District." In The Last Alchemist in Paris. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199661091.003.0012.

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Lake Windermere in the north-west of England perhaps makes you think of poets, or of adolescent adventures less concerned with wizards and vampires and more with Swallows and Amazons if you have grown up with English children’s books. Anyhow, people who lived by their pencil. Or should that perhaps be the pen? We don’t see the serious author in her study hard at work with a pencil. Pencils are generally considered to be mostly for children doing their homework, or others who frequently need to erase their mistakes. There has never been a lack of ink, traditionally a mixture of iron salts, water, and tannins—the bitter tasting compounds in tea and red wine. Always plenty of the black stuff to write poems and sign death sentences with. But the pencil, that is a different story. Far from being just for children, it was, and is, an essential tool for artists, engineers, carpenters, and architects. At engineering school in the late 1980s we still made (some of us did anyway) beautifully crafted pencil drawings of double-mantled stainless steel reactors. And in the army, close to the polar circle four years earlier, did we write out orders and decipher incoming radio messages with ballpoint pens? We certainly did not—in fact, this was forbidden because the ink in a pen may easily freeze. The ‘lead’ in the pencil (which is obviously not lead as in the element 82, but something else) brings us to these green valleys of the Lake District and Cumbria, England—as unlikely a place for an information technology hub as the orange orchards around Palo Alto. The different is that in California in the 1970s it was the dedicated people that mattered, not any local silicon mines. In Borrowdale in the late sixteenth century, it was the inside of the mountain itself that made the difference, for there you find the stuff from which to make pencil lead. Not that the people were unimportant. Entrepreneurship thrived in different forms. ‘Black Sal’, for example, working out of the small town of Keswick close to Borrowdale, was allegedly running a pencil-lead smuggling network in the early eighteenth century.
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Weber, Robert J. "Multiple-Invention Heuristics: Joining." In Forks, Phonographs, And Hot Air Balloons, 112–23. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195064025.003.0011.

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Abstract Another important form of heuristic that relates to multiple inventions is the joining together of previously existing inventions. Let’s set the stage. I’m sitting in a chair, making penciled notes for this essay. I’ve just made a mistake, so I tum the pencil in my hand and erase the error. What a convenient system. A pencil with lead at one end to make marks and an eraser at the other end to undo them.
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Baron, Dennis. "Thoreau’s Pencil." In A Better Pencil, 33–48. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195388442.003.003.

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Abstract One defender of the pencil against the encroaching computer is Bill Henderson. Henderson is no countercultural terrorist hermit like Ted Kaczynski. He is a mainstream literary figure, director of the Pushcart Press, which showcases some of the best American contemporary short stories, essays, and poems. Yet Henderson has a problem with technology: he doesn’t like computers. In 1993 Henderson founded the Lead Pencil Club, a place where like-minded people could express their dislike of the new technology and celebrate the good old ways of writing.
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"“A RAZOR TO SHARPEN A LEAD PENCIL”." In American Classicist, 104–17. Princeton University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.1895846.11.

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"6. “A Razor to Sharpen a Lead Pencil”." In American Classicist, 104–17. Princeton University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691236193-009.

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Woolf, Virginia. "Street Haunting: A London Adventure." In Selected Essays, edited by David Bradshaw. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199556069.003.0027.

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No one perhaps has ever felt passionately towards a lead pencil. But there are circumstances in which it can become supremely desirable to possess one; moments when we are set upon having an object, an excuse for walking half across London between tea and...
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Beelen, Theo, and Paul Van Dooren. "Computational aspects of the Jordan canonical form." In Reliable Numerical Commputation, 57–72. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198535645.003.0005.

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Abstract In this paper we discuss algorithmic aspects of the computation of the Jordan canonical form. Inspired by Golub and Wilkinson (1976) on the computation of the Jordan canonical form, an O(n) algorithm was developed by Beelen and Van Dooren (1988) for computing the Kronecker structure of an arbitrary pencil AB - A. Here we show how the ideas of this algorithm lead to a special algorithm for reconstructing the Jordan structure of the standard eigenvalue problem Al - A.
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Gaskell, Elizabeth. "Chapter IX Dressing for Tea." In North and South. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199537006.003.0011.

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‘Let China’s earth, enrich’d with colour’d stains, Pencil’d with gold, and streak’d with azure veins, The grateful flavour of the Indian leaf, Or Mocho’s sunburnt berry glad receive.’ The day after this meeting with Higgins and his daughter, Mr....
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Conference papers on the topic "Lead pencils"

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Endo, Toshihiro, Toshiharu Higuchi, Yoichi Yamada, and Masahiro Sasaki. "Field emission from mechanical pencil lead and graphite edges." In 2012 IEEE Ninth International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference (IVESC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivesc.2012.6264185.

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Sasaki, Masahiro. "Field emission from mechanical pencil lead and related materials." In 2014 Tenth International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference (IVESC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivesc.2014.6892071.

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Sasaki, Masahiro, Toshihiro Endo, Toshiharu Higuchi, and Yoichi Yamada. "On the mechanism of field emission from mechanical pencil lead." In 2012 25th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivnc.2012.6316887.

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Kaneko, Satoru, Takeshi Rachi, Manabu Yasui, Yoshitada Shimizu, Satomi Tanaka, Chihiro Kato, Kazuo Satoh, Shalima Shawuti, Musa Can, and Tamio Endo. "Graphen growth: 10B lead pencil, print paper, and femtosecond laser." In 2015 International Conference on Microwave and Photonics (ICMAP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmap.2015.7408785.

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Knapek, Alexandr, Miroslav Horacek, Frantisek Hruby, Josef Sikula, Tomas Kuparowitz, and Dinara Sobola. "Noise behaviour of field emission cathode based on lead pencil graphite." In 2017 30th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivnc.2017.8051642.

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Adachi, Manabu, Tomoya Igari, Yuji Nishiyama, Nobuhiko Kobayashi, Yoichi Yamada, and Masahiro Sasaki. "Field emission from vertically-aligned graphene edges on graphitized pencil lead." In 2018 31st International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivnc.2018.8519985.

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Fen, Ye Xiu, Wu Zhi Wei, Gao Yingjiang, and Wu Yan. "Coordination method of pencil lead sinter production line system based on MAS." In 2015 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2015.7260729.

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Yuelan Lu. "Pencil-lead-break transient detecting by phase- optical time domain reflectometer based on coherent detecting." In 2013 International Conference on Optoelectronics and Microelectronics (ICOM). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoom.2013.6626534.

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Lopes, Barbara Guedes, Felipe Aparecido Alexandre, Wenderson Nascimento Lopes, Paulo Roberto de Aguiar, Eduardo Carlos Bianchi, and Martin Antonio Aulestia Viera. "Study on the effect of the temperature in Acoustic Emission Sensor by the Pencil Lead Break Test." In 2018 13th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/induscon.2018.8627213.

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Zejnilagić-Hajrić, Meliha, ,. Adel Polutak, and Ines Nuić. "GROUP WORK IN EVALUATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CARBOHYDRATES." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2017). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2017.141.

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Abstract:
In this research two different ways of students' reviewing their knowledge in chemistry about carbohydrates are described: group work and discussion with teacher. In experimental group (EG) students were working in groups on their assignments, while in control group (CG) discussion led by teacher was implemented. Results showed better EG students’ achievements on paper-and-pencil test of knowledge on the following class. Keywords: evaluation, group work, teacher-led discussion, carbohydrates.
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