Academic literature on the topic 'LCA sustainability'
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Journal articles on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Yao, Yuan. "Models for Sustainability." BioResources 12, no. 1 (November 2, 2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.1.1-3.
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As one of the major methodologies used in the modeling of sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is widely used to evaluate the environmental impacts of emerging technologies and to enhance decision making towards sustainable development. However, most of the current LCA models are static and deterministic. More insights could be generated when LCA models are coupled with higher-resolution techniques in a prospective fashion. Instead of trying to accurately predict the future, the purpose and value of integrated prospective models are to explore the boundaries of possibility and to shed light on directions that can lead to sustainable pathways. The biggest challenge is to determine the appropriate model resolution so that both big-picture insights and critical details are included. This challenge is hard to address, especially for interdisciplinary models that try to incorporate more than one dimension related to sustainability. However, improvements can be made continually through efforts from a growing population of interdisciplinary researchers.
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Carvalho, José Pedro, Ismael Alecrim, Luís Bragança, and Ricardo Mateus. "Integrating BIM-Based LCA and Building Sustainability Assessment." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 7468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187468.
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With the increasing concerns about building environmental impacts, building information modelling (BIM) has been used to perform different kinds of sustainability analysis. Among the most popular are the life cycle assessment (LCA) and building sustainability assessment (BSA). However, the integration of BIM-based LCA in BSA methods has not been adequately explored yet. This study addresses the relation between LCA and BSA within the BIM context for the Portuguese context. By performing an LCA for a Portuguese case study, a set of sustainability criteria from SBTool were simultaneous assessed during the process. The possibility of integrating BIM-based LCA into BSA methods can include more life cycle stages in the sustainability assessment and allow for normalising and producing more comparable results. BIM automates and connects different stages of the design process and provides information for multi-disciplinary data storage. However, there are still some constraints, such as different BSA/LCA databases and the necessity to manually introduce the embodied life cycle impacts of building materials. The scope of the BSA analysis can be expanded by integrating a complete LCA and be fostered by the support of BIM, effectively improving building sustainability according to local standards.
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Roeleveld, P. J., A. Klapwijk, P. G. Eggels, W. H. Rulkens, and W. van Starkenburg. "Sustainability of municipal wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 10 (May 1, 1997): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0386.
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In this study the insustainability of the treatment of municipal wastewater is evaluated with the LCA-methodology. Life-Cycle Assessments (LCA) analyze and assess the environmental profile over the entire life cycle of a product or process. The LCA-methodology proved to be a proper instrument to evaluate the wastewater treatment plant on the sustainability. However, environmental impacts which are caused by sludge handling should still be classified. Besides that, the LCA should be carried out on regional level instead of on national level. In a situation of high nutrient removal the contribution of the treatment of municipal wastewater to the total insustainability level in the Netherlands is relatively low. When the sustainability of the WWTP has to be improved, the most attention has to be paid to the minimization of discharge from pollutions with the effluent and minimization of the sludge production. Because the contribution of energy consumption is relatively low, less attention can be paid to the minimization of the energy demand. The building of a WWTP and the use of chemicals are not determining the insustainability of the WWTP.
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Rezaei Kalvani, Somayeh, Amir Hamzah Sharaai, and Ibrahim Kabir Abdullahi. "Social Consideration in Product Life Cycle for Product Social Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 11292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011292.
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Social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) is an emerging and pivotal tool for sustainability evaluation of products throughout their life cycle. Understanding deeply published papers helps to modify methods and identify research gaps. The aim of this study is to discover the existing gap in the S-LCA of products and to find the weaknesses of the approach. The method of performing the review was a narrative review where published papers from 2006 to 2020 were included through the use of the Web of Science and Scopus databases. S-LCA is considered to be relevant to a majority of sectors and processes (agricultural, industrial, technology, energy, and tourism). However, there is not sufficient research on evaluation of S-LCA on cereal crops and livestock output. It is indicated that, in the present S-LCA studies, there has been a lack of attention paid to the society and value chain actors and final consumer stakeholders. The elements of sexual harassment and employment relationships are not considered in SLCA studies. Italy has the largest amount of cases of S-LCA studies. The major challenges of applying S-LCA (by using site specific data) is data collection, which is time-consuming. It is recommended to evaluate a comprehensive sustainability assessment by adding cost of social assessment to LCA since there has been a lack of attention on assessment of cost in S-LCA.
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Zimek, Martina, Andreas Schober, Claudia Mair, Rupert J. Baumgartner, Tobias Stern, and Manfred Füllsack. "The Third Wave of LCA as the “Decade of Consolidation”." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 3283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123283.
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Several authors have pointed out the importance of systems thinking, and have considered both environmental and social aspects (holistic perspective) of sustainability assessment in the past. Sustainability assessment tools which integrate different aspects (e.g., environmental/social aspects) in order to identify negative impacts have already been developed. Common tools used to assess environmental, social, or economic impacts include the life cycle assessment (LCA), social life cycle assessment (S-LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) approaches. The goal of the present study was to investigate how and to what extent the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social, economic; holistic sustainability perspective) have been integrated into the field of LCA. A topic modeling method was applied to examine whether the emphasis placed on integrating environmental, social, and economic aspects in sustainability assessment has resulted in a more comprehensive application of the LCA approach. The results show that topics related to energy and infrastructure are currently prevailing, and that topics related to methods have been decreasing since 1997. A minor discussion of social aspects and a lack of discussion on economic aspects were identified in the present study. These results do not support the predicted “decade of life cycle sustainability assessment.” Consequently, a new period of LCA extension and application is predicted, namely, the third wave of LCA as the “decade of consolidation.” During this period, the LCA framework will be enhanced to reduce existing practical and methodological difficulties and integrate environmental and social aspects in a sustainability assessment to support global sustainable development.
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Bjørnbet, Marit Moe, and Sigurd Sagen Vildåsen. "Life Cycle Assessment to Ensure Sustainability of Circular Business Models in Manufacturing." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (October 4, 2021): 11014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131911014.
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Circular business models (CBMs) represent a path for coordinating circular economy (CE) efforts. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool for quantifying environmental effects of a product or a service and can therefore evaluate the environmental sustainability of CBMs. This paper explores whether LCA can act as an enabler for manufacturing companies who want to implement a CBM. Following a case-study approach, we draw on the experiences of a specific manufacturing company during the time period 2014–2021. The paper presents key lessons on the interaction between LCA and CE. The study finds that LCA—by providing quantified results on the environmental impacts of circular strategies—limits the risk of problem shifting and challenges the normative rule of closing the loop by including a set of multiple impact categories. LCA offers a common platform and encourages communication with stakeholders. These characteristics make LCA a well-suited tool for CBM development. However, the holistic perspective on environmental problems that LCA provides can also complicate CE’s clear message of ‘closing the loop’. Lastly, LCA is a tool for environmental evaluation, and with the main emphasis of CE also on environmental issues, there is high risk of neglecting social and economic aspects of sustainable development.
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Maraveas, Chrysanthos. "Environmental Sustainability of Plastic in Agriculture." Agriculture 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10080310.
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This article investigates the environmental sustainability of plastic nets in agricultural environments based on published experimental data. This article focuses on biodegradable and synthetic plastics used in farms as mulching materials and shade materials/greenhouse covering materials (shade nets and plastic films) to protect plants from pests and extreme weather. The sustainability was determined by three factors, carbon footprint from cradle to the end of life (LCA), durability (resistance to photo-oxidation and high tensile strength), and affordability. The LCA analyses showed that the production of polyethylene (PE) requires less energy and generates low quantities of greenhouse gas equivalents. Beyond the LCA data, biodegradable polymers are sustainable based on biodegradability and compostability, ability to suppress weeds, control soil temperatures, and moisture, and augment fertigation and drip irrigation. However, existing technologies are a limiting factor because lab-based innovations have not been commercialized. In addition, industrial production of shade nets, plastic greenhouse covers, and mulching materials are limited to synthetic plastics. The bio-based plastic materials are sustainable based on biodegradability, and resistant to photo-oxidation. The resistance to UV degradation is an essential property because solar radiation cleaves C-C bonds, which in turn impact the mechanical strength of the materials. In brief, the sustainability of plastics in farms is influenced by LCA data, mechanical and optical properties, and performance relative to other materials.
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Ferrari, Anna Maria, Lucrezia Volpi, Martina Pini, Cristina Siligardi, Fernando Enrique García-Muiña, and Davide Settembre-Blundo. "Building a Sustainability Benchmarking Framework of Ceramic Tiles Based on Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA)." Resources 8, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010011.
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The purpose of this paper is to determine indices of environmental, economic and social sustainability related to the Italian production of ceramic tiles in porcelain stoneware in order to contribute to the construction of a reference benchmarking useful to decision makers, designers and end users of ceramic tiles. To achieve this goal, this paper is based on the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) framework that incorporates the three dimensions of sustainability with cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) tools. The study has shown that in the production of porcelain stoneware one of the major environmental problems, in addition to production in the strict sense, is the distribution system of the product to end users and, to a lesser extent but always significant, the process of supplying raw materials. Finally, it was highlighted that the joint use of the three impact assessment tools (LCA, LCC, S-LCA) requires further methodological work to avoid the risk of double counting of sustainability performance. This research has adopted a detailed methodological approach, both in the collection and in the processing of data, keeping the main phases of the production process separate. In this way, it has been possible to highlight that the major environmental criticalities are just beyond the “gate” of the ceramic factories, along the logistics chain. The study also proposes for the Italian ceramic sector not only indicators of environmental sustainability but also economic and social.
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Mahmood, Salwa, Mohd Fahrul Hassan, Abdul Rahman Hemdi, and Muhamad Zameri Mat Saman. "Sustainability in the Product Design: A Review of Recent Development Based on LCA." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.7 (July 4, 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.7.16208.
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In order to achieve sustainable product design process, aspects such of environmental, economic and social should be balanced. This paper discussed on sustainability of product design, conceptual basis of life cycle assessment (LCA), review of LCA at several product design, methodology of proposed framework and discussion on strengths and limitations of LCA. This paper proposed to develop a framework for improving the product design process based on LCA tool. The aims is to calculate potential impact of environment, economic and social aspects during product design process. For environmental aspects, LCA tool will be used. For economic and social considerations, life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment will be applied respectively. At the end, proposed framework are able to help designers to improve product design by considering all sustainability aspects.
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Sevigné-Itoiz, Eva, Onesmus Mwabonje, Calliope Panoutsou, and Jeremy Woods. "Life cycle assessment (LCA): informing the development of a sustainable circular bioeconomy?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2206 (August 2, 2021): 20200352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0352.
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The role of life cycle assessment (LCA) in informing the development of a sustainable and circular bioeconomy is discussed. We analyse the critical challenges remaining in using LCA and propose improvements needed to resolve future development challenges. Biobased systems are often complex combinations of technologies and practices that are geographically dispersed over long distances and with heterogeneous and uncertain sets of indicators and impacts. Recent studies have provided methodological suggestions on how LCA can be improved for evaluating the sustainability of biobased systems with a new focus on emerging systems, helping to identify environmental and social opportunities prior to large R&D investments. However, accessing economies of scale and improved conversion efficiencies while maintaining compatibility across broad ranges of sustainability indicators and public acceptability remain key challenges for the bioeconomy. LCA can inform, but not by itself resolve this complex dimension of sustainability. Future policy interventions that aim to promote the bioeconomy and support strategic value chains will benefit from the systematic use of LCA. However, the LCA community needs to develop the mechanisms and tools needed to generate agreement and coordinate the standards and incentives that will underpin a successful biobased transition. Systematic stakeholder engagement and the use of multidisciplinary analysis in combination with LCA are essential components of emergent LCA methods. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Whiting, Andrew John. "Bioenergy in the United Kingdom : an environmental and economic sustainability assessment." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bioenergy-in-the-united-kingdom-an-environmental-and-economic-sustainability-assessment(d7bb1f06-8775-49f1-a17e-69af935f71ce).html.
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In an attempt to meet its ambitious climate change targets, the UK government has decided to incentivise the uptake of bioenergy. However, the full economic costs and environmental impacts of this decision have not yet been quantified at a national level. This is the topic of this research which evaluates the life cycle environmental and economic sustainability of different options for electricity and heat generation using biomass available in the UK, notably waste wood, agricultural residues and wastes, straw, municipal solid waste (MSW), food waste, and energy crops. These results are then used to evaluate the environmental impacts and costs for the whole bioenergy sector in the UK.The results suggest that the environmentally and economically most sustainable electricity generating options are, in descending order: manure/agricultural residue anaerobic digestion (AD) combined heat and power (CHP), Miscanthus co-firing with coal, and chicken litter gasification CHP. The most sustainable heat-generating systems are manure/agricultural residue ADC CHP, waste wood gasification CHP, and chicken litter gasification CHP. However, the use of these technologies is limited by the availability of their respective feedstocks. The research finds that there is currently 30.4 million odt of biomass produced annually in the UK which could be used for electricity and heat generation and that potentially 77.8 million odt could be produced if greater amounts of energy crops are grown. Dry biomass makes up the largest proportion of available biomass, which itself largely consists of wood wastes and energy crops. Dry biomass can therefore make the largest contribution of electricity or heat to potential bioenergy sectors. The electricity-generating biotechnologies identified as those which would make the most sustainable use of wood wastes and energy crops are biomass power plants and co-firing plants. Heat would be most sustainably generated from these feedstocks using biomass gasification CHPs and biomass boilers. According to the results, it is more sustainable to use the UK’s current and potential biomass resources for generating electricity, rather than for producing heat. Electricity from biomass has higher potential for reducing the majority of environmental impacts compared to the current UK electricity grid. Despite this, some impacts are expected to increase, including eutrophication, terrestrial ecotoxicity, depletion of elements and acidification. Furthermore, the economic sustainability of most biomass options is often dependent on subsidies being available, mainly because of the high capital costs. It is recommended that the government look beyond climate change and consider full life cycle impacts when deciding which technologies to incentivise to avoid solving the one problem at the expense of others. It is also advised that subsidies be tied to the sustainability of the feedstock, incentivising the use of waste over energy crops (at least in the short term) and encouraging the displacement of coal and oil. Furthermore, the government should consider scaling the FIT and RHI subsidies smoothly with capacity and consider scaling ROC payments which are currently not linked to capacity at all. Improvements to the environmental sustainability of bioenergy could be gained by funding research into cleaning emissions from biomass combustion, enforcing strict regulation of ash disposal and digestate treatment, and encouraging the reuse and recycling of rare elements.
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Ibrahim, Mohammed Ibrahim Kamalaldeen. "Building sustainability assessment with LCA and LCC for residential housing projects - case studies." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
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A significant number of existing buildings were built not complying with sustainability measurements. As a result, the internal environment is not healthy nor comfortable—a tremendous amount of energy is required in the construction and operation stages.
Residential buildings, historical and modern, were used in the case study to improve their thermal performance using EPS and PIR insulation system, the maintenance plan methodology regarding both buildings explained in detail. The insulation thickness and the cost per mq were determined using the life cycle costing analysis—the environmental impact of the material evaluated through the life cycle assessment approach.
The detailed investigation, post-investigation maintenance actions, and proactive maintenance plan are followed to design a proper maintenance plan for both buildings used in the case study. However, the differences in the pre-treatment procedures to install the insulation are included in the maintenance plan. The Life cycle costing method estimate the cost and the thickness of the insulation material, PIR insulation panel thickness 0.031 m cost 7.93 €/m2, while 8.99 €/m2 is the cost of the EPS panel thickness 0.037 m. based on the obtained thickness the environmental analysis reported that; , 1217.97 MJ and 1109.11 MJ of energy consumed by EPS and PIR insulation panel in the production stage .meanwhile, the CO2 emission about 131.25 kg from the PIR, which more the PES emission by three times.
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Cuellar, Franca Rosa Marisa. "Sustainability assessment framework for the residential construction sector in the UK." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sustainability-assessment-framework-for-the-residential-construction-sector-in-the-uk(9393e226-377d-4562-9c3e-62e65b1c4b0c).html.
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The residential construction sector in the UK plays an important role in society’s wellbeing as it provides shelter, employment and promotes economic growth. However, the sector has been identified as a large contributor to climate change, resource depletion and is associated with different socio-economic issues such as fuel poverty and house affordability. The residential construction sector is growing quickly due to a high housing demand, as will the associated impacts unless significant changes are made. Several studies have assessed the environmental impacts of the residential construction sector, while the social and economic aspects of sustainability are often ignored but are equally important for sustainable development. This thesis presents a sustainability assessment framework capable of addressing the environmental, economic and social issues of the residential construction sector supply chain, using a life cycle approach in order to contribute toward an improved understanding of the current and future trends in the sector.The methodology developed has been applied to the residential construction sector in the UK and demonstrated through three case studies of conventional, passive and zero-carbon houses as well as a sustainability assessment at the sectoral level. The main stakeholders identified here are construction companies and workforce, home owners and occupiers, suppliers, local authorities and the government. The main sustainability issues are resource depletion, waste generation, environmental impacts such as global warming (GWP), ozone depletion, house price and affordability, contribution to GDP, provision of employment, health and safety, impact on local communities and business ethics. The assessment tools used to assess the environmental and economic sustainability are Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC), respectively. Social sustainability has been assessed using different social sustainability indicators applicable to the residential construction sector. LCA results indicate that zero-carbon houses have the lowest GWP of the three house types considered, being 71% lower than for the conventional house, compared to a 59% reduction for passive houses. However, passive houses have a better overall environmental performance as they have the lowest impacts for most environmental impact categories. LCC results, on the other hand, indicate that the total life cycle costs for zero-carbon houses are 21% higher than for conventional houses because of the additional cost of renewable technologies, while for passive houses costs are comparable to conventional houses. At a sectoral level, zero-carbon houses can achieve reductions of 13% of the sector’s annual GWP compared to conventional houses, however this will cost the residential construction sector an additional £3 billion per year. The construction of passive houses will cost an additional £1 billion per year compared to conventional houses but can help by reducing the sector’s annual GWP by 10%.This study shows that the current state of the housing sector is environmentally unsustainable and urgent changes must be made in the way houses are constructed and managed. However, the residential construction sector must overcome many socio-economic barriers before introducing low-carbon houses on a large scale.
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Babarenda, Gamage Gayathri. "A new model for assessing sustainability of complex systems: Integrating LCA and RA for sustainability." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/8348.
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Assessment of sustainability is an essential step in determining if action taken is sustainable. Early research in sustainability assessment was based on reconciling the three pillars (environmental, economic and social) using the weak sustainability model. Today there are numerous indicators (single and composite) for measuring impacts in the three systems (environmental, economic and social) using the strong sustainability model where current thinking emphasises the need for system thinking rather than the reductionist concept of pillars. Most existing indices/methods measure single aspects of sustainability and the more integrated indicators are aimed at national or global level assessments. A review of existing indicators, methods and models within the context of complex system sustainability showed that no single existing index, method or model was able to assess sustainability of complex systems since most fail to account for complex system characteristics such as system dynamics, interconnections and interdependencies of system components, system's ability to learn and remember, emergence of novel behaviours, co-evolution, etc. However, two analytical methods, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and risk assessment (RA), were found to have significant potential for addressing concerns regarding sustainability of complex systems as they were able to account for complex system characteristics. Thus LCA and RA were integrated in a new model to assess sustainability. The model is tested on case study product systems to illustrate applicability, potential issues and areas for improvement.
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Castro, Molinaire Julio. "Sustainability analysis of copper extraction and processing using LCA methods." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24781.
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The concept of sustainability on the one hand and the extraction and processing of primary resources on the other, at first glance, appear to be in conflict, since the production processes deplete resources that are strictly considered finite. In addition, these processes inevitably disturb the environment. This is especially true in copper production considering this is a metal with a high global demand, currently mined at increasingly low grades. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an established method to assess the sustainability profile of products, processes and systems that has become important in recent years through the establishment of the ISO 14040 series of standards. Although LCA studies on mining and mineral processing systems, including copper, have been carried out since the mid- to late 1990s; these studies are limited to the ore extraction and mineral processing, not considering waste management, which is absent from all LCA based sustainability assessment of metal production systems reported in literature. In addition the low level of detail used in conventional LCA tools (not accounting for emissions at unit process level) lead to oversimplifications and underestimation of the true impacts. In this PhD research an LCA model has been developed to assess the impacts of copper mining and processing, considering the mine, mineral processing and waste disposal facilities life cycles as part of the copper production. The model is designed at unit process level and integrates the mining (open-pit and underground), mineral processing and waste management processes and accounts for emissions to the different environmental compartments (air, water, soil). The life cycle inventory (LCI) models developed are designed using specific activity data at component unit-process level together with emission factors from literature (US EPA, Australian NPI) and engineering calculations or models. The model developed uses mass balance/equilibrium calculations from intermediate products, resource consumption rates or activity levels to estimate life cycle estimates. The model functionality is illustrated using a true Chilean mine case study which was parameterised using mining, mineral processing and waste disposal facilities information for a baseline year when detailed operational data and key variables were recorded. The different LCA impact indicators estimated are carbon footprint (or global warming potential), water footprint, human toxicity, resource depletion and ecotoxicity (USEtox). Different Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods, chosen from the most recent and widely used LCIA methods, are utilised to compare the different methods results. Extensive Sensitivity and Monte Carlo analysis is performed to assess the uncertainty of key parameters. The response of the LCA impact indicator scores to the variation of variables such as the copper ore grade, copper recovery efficiency, average stripping ratio, electricity grid mix, are evaluated and presented.
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Zhang, Hai. "Sustainability assessment of active packaging incorporating nanomaterials." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/75348.
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Packaging plays an important role in ensuring food safety and quality. The development antimicrobial packaging enables actively inhibiting/killing the spoilage microorganisms, and thus extending food product's shelf life. Generally, 50% shelf life extension is possible. The interest for using metallic nanoparticles in active packaging derives from its superior antimicrobial efficacy and no negative impact on the food sensory properties.
In this thesis, the packaging material of concern is a PLA (Polylactic Acid) coated paper incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in the coating layer. The material was characterized and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The SEM images show that the nanoparticles were homogenously distributed across the surface thanks to its surface modification. Antimicrobial assay indicates that the active material was effective in inactivating E. coli and S. aureus. Furthermore, E. coli was found to be more susceptible to this type of agent, showing 3.14 log reduction for 0.5 wt% agent loading in the PLA coating layer. This result was compared across the publications using the same agent for treating both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The discrepancy between the results can be explained by the fact that ZnO nanoparticles have multiple action mechanisms, and different antimicrobial testing methods may activate part of the action mechanisms.
On the other hand, recyclability is regarded as an important attribute for paper-based packaging material, as it enables to conserve the resources and reduce the environmental impacts. Accordingly, when it comes to the nano-enabled paper packaging material, recyclability should be maintained. In this case, a recyclability test was carried out in a lab-scale paper recycling line. The protocol was based on a method adapted from the ATICELCA MC501-13, which enabled to recover over 99% of the solids material. The mass balance result indicates that 86%-91% zinc oxide nanoparticles ended up in the rejected material stream, mostly embedded within the polymer coating; whereas 7%-16% nanoparticles ended up in the accepted material stream. Besides, the tensile strength of the recycled handsheets suggests that the nano-enabled coating had no negative impacts on the recovered fibre quality.
Active packaging plays a positive role in reducing food losses. If food and packaging are considered as a whole system, its overall environmental impact can be justified by incorporating the food loss reduction due to the application of active packaging. The LCA calculation shows that a breakeven point can be easily achieved for the case of red meat products of high environmental impact.El envase juega un papel importante asegurando la seguridad y calidad de los alimentos. El desarrollo de envases activos, especialmente envase antimicrobiano, permite inhibir o matar los microorganismos causantes del deterioro de los alimentos, alargando por tanto su vida útil. De forma general es posible extender la vida útil de los alimentos en un 50%. El interés por el uso de nanopartículas metálicas en el envasado activo se deriva de su gran efectividad antimicrobiana sin causar un efecto negativo en sus propiedades sensoriales. En la presente tesis, se ha desarrollado un papel recubierto de PLA (ácido poliláctico) con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc (ZnO NPs) incorporadas en la capa de recubrimiento. Se ha caracterizado el material y se ha evaluado su capacidad antimicrobiana. Las imágenes obtenidas mediante SEM muestran que las nanopartículas fueron distribuidas a lo largo de la superficie gracias a su modificación. Los ensayos de efectividad antimicrobiana indicaron una actividad del material frente a E. coli y a S. aureus. Además, E. coli resultó ser más susceptible a este agente activo incorporado al 0.5 % en peso en el recubrimiento de PLA, mostrando una reducción de 3.14 log. Este resultado fue comparado con publicaciones donde se emplearon los mismos agentes activos para frente a microorganismos Gram-positivos y Gram-negativos. Las discrepancias encontradas entre los resultados pueden deberse a que las nanopartículas de ZnO tienen múltiples mecanismos de acción, y los diferentes métodos de ensayo poder estimular parte de estos mecanismos. Por otra parte, el reciclado juega un importante papel en la conservación de los recursos y en la reducción de los impactos medioambientales. Por tanto, cuando se trata de un material de envase de papel con sustancias de tamaño nano, el reciclado debe tratarse adecuadamente. El ensayo de reciclabilidad fue llevado a cabo a escala laboratorio en una línea de reciclado de papel. El protocolo de ensayo se basó en el método adaptado de ATICELCA MC501-13, permitiendo una recuperación del 99% de material sólidos. Los resultados del balance de materia indicaron que el 86%-91% de las nanopartículas de óxido de zinc llegaron al flujo de material de rechazo, principalmente mezclado en el recubrimiento polimérico. Además, los resultados de tracción de las láminas recicladas sugieren que el recubrimiento con partículas nano no tiene un efecto negativo sobre la calidad de la fibra recuperada. El envase activo juega un papel positivo en la reducción de los residuos alimentarios. Como resultado del uso del envase activo, considerando el envase y el alimento como un todo, el impacto ambiental sobre este sistema completo puede ser compensado por la reducción de pérdidas de alimentos. El cálculo LCA muestra que el punto de equilibrio se puede conseguir fácilmente en el caso de productos de carne roja de elevado impacto ambiental.
L'envàs té un paper prou important en la seguretat i la qualitat del aliments. El desenvolupament dels envasos actius, especialment l'envàs antimicrobià, el qual permeteix l'inhibició o mort dels microorganismes que produeixen el deteriorament dels aliments i, per tant, allargant la seua vida útil. De manera general, es possible l'allargament de la vida útil dels aliments en un 50%. L'interès per la utilització de nanopartícules metàl·liques en l'envasat actiu es deriva de la seua gran efectivitat antimicrobiana sense produir un efecte negatiu en les seus propietats sensorials. En aquesta present tesis, s'ha desenvolupat un paper recobert de PLA (àcid polilàctic) amb nanopartícules d'òxid de zinc (ZnO NPs) incorporades a la capa de recobriment. S'ha caracteritzat el material i s'ha avaluat la seua capacitat antimicrobiana. Les imatges obtingudes per mitjà del SEM mostren que les nanopartícules foren distribuïdes en tota la superfície gràcies a la seua modificació. Els assajos d'efectivitat antimicrobiana varen indicar una activitat del material front a E.coli i a S. aureus. A més, E. coli va resultar ser més susceptible a aquest agent actiu incorporat al 0.5 % en pes en el recobriment de PLA, mostrant una reducció de 3.14 log. Aquest resultat va ser comparat amb publicacions on es van emprar els mateixos agents actius front a microorganismes Gram-positiu i Gram-negatiu. Les discrepàncies trobades entre els resultats poden deure's a que les nanopartícules de ZnO tenen diversos mecanismes d'acció, i els diferents mètodes d'assaig poder estimular part d'aquestes mecanismes. Per altra banda, el reciclatge també té un paper important en la conservació dels recursos i en la reducció dels impactes mediambientals. Per tant, quan es tracta d'un material d'envàs de paper amb substàncies de la grandària 'nano', el reciclatge ha de tractar-se adequadament. El assaig de reciclabilitat va ser dut a terme a escala de laboratori en una línia de reciclatge de paper. El protocol de l'assaig es va basar en el mètode adaptat d'ATICELCA MC501-13, permetent una recuperació del 99% del material sòlid. Els resultats del balanç de matèria van indicar que el 86-91% de les nanopartícules d'òxid de zinc varen arribar al fluix material de rebuig, principalment mesclat en el recobriment polimèric. A més, els resultats de tracció de les làmines reciclades suggereixen que el recobriment amb nanopartícules nano no tenen un efecte negatiu sobre la qualitat de la fibra recuperada. L'envàs actiu juga un paper positiu en la reducció dels residus alimentaris. Com a resultat de l'ús de l'envàs actiu, considerant l'envàs i l'aliment com un tot conjunt, l'impacte ambiental sobre aquest sistema complet pot ser compensat per la reducció de pèrdues d'aliments. El càlcul LCA mostra que el punt d'equilibri es pot aconseguir fàcilment en el cas de productes de carn roja d'elevat impacte ambiental.
Zhang, H. (2016). Sustainability assessment of active packaging incorporating nanomaterials [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/75348
TESIS
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Canter, Christina Elizabeth. "The Sustainability of Biofuels Produced from Microalgae." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293419.
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Fossil fuels are not sustainable due to their worldwide depletion and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Transportation biofuels produced from microalgae are sustainable if GHG emissions are lower than fossil fuels and the sources for materials used during production are sustainable. Four areas were evaluated to address these concerns. First, a study of peer reviewed life-cycle analyses (LCAs) was performed. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine which processing choices during cultivation have the most impacts. Data from nine authors was converted to similar units, and a new LCA was performed to evaluate the impacts. Overall GHG emissions per kg of algae cultivation ranged from 0.1 - 4.4 kg CO₂ eq. / kg algae, with the most of the emissions coming from fertilizer contributions. The second topic evaluated was the GHG emissions from experimental dewatering technologies. The five experimental technology emissions, for acoustic harvesting, membrane filtration, flocculation, electrocoagulation and flocculation plus belt filtration, were compared to a modeled dissolved air flotation technology and a fossil fuel source. For a functional unit of one MJ of renewable diesel (RD), membrane filtration had the lowest GHG emissions at 40.8 g CO₂(eq)/MJ RD. Dissolved air flotation was the highest scenario at 51.9 g CO₂(eq)/MJ RD. All technologies were lower than gasoline at 90.7 g CO₂(eq)/MJ gasoline. The third topic evaluated was the GHG emissions from the materials used for plant construction. A LCA was performed for the infrastructure materials and compared to results from the fuel-cycle. Plastic from pond liners had the largest contribution to GHG emissions for the baseline case. Increasing productivity and lipid content both decreased infrastructure emissions. The final topic evaluated was the sustainability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium used for microalgae growth. Results show that the surplus of world fertilizers cannot sustain large scale algae production in the United States. Technology choices that can recycle nutrients lower the overall requirement. Alternative sources of nutrients, like concentrated animal feeding operations, can provide enough nutrients for large scale production of algae.
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Dahlberg, Erik, and Weronica Fohlén. "Hållbarhetsutvärdering - LCSA Analys : av trucksystem inom intern materialhantering." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15175.
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Allt fler organisationer väljer att jobba med hållbar utveckling, på grund av att det kan ses som en konkurrenskraft. Att arbeta med hållbar utveckling kan innefatta att utföra hållbarhetsutvärderingar, vilket kan göras genom metoden LCSA analys. Syftet med det här arbetet är att utvärdera och analysera ett producerande företags nuvarande klimatpåverkan sett till koldioxidekvivalentutsläpp från intern materialhantering som sker med dieseltruckar. Vidare syftar även arbetet till att visa hur en hållbarhetsutvärdering kan utföras för att påvisa ekologisk, ekonomisk samt social påverkan. I arbetet utförs en hållbarhetsutvärdering av trucksystem, för att identifiera det teoretiskt bästa alternativet, i jämförelse med ett fallföretags nuläge. Den metod som används för hållbarhetsutvärderingen är LCSA analys. Utöver resultatet från hållbarhetsutvärderingen tas även hänsyn till gränssnittet mellan teoretiskt och praktiskt bästa trucksystemalternativ. Fallföretaget Volvo GTO i Skövde, har i dagsläget 18 dieseldrivna motviktstruckar, vilka har olika kapacitet och varierande arbetsuppgifter. Det nuvarande drivmedlet för samtliga truckar är Diesel Mk1. Fallföretagets flöden i dagsläget ställer generellt höga krav på truckarnas tekniska kapacitet gällande exempelvis åkhastighet, körning i uppförslutning, dragkraft samt lyft- och sänkhastighet. De 18 dieseltruckarna bidrog under år 2017 med ett klimatpåverkande utsläpp om cirka 237 ton koldioxidekvivalenter, sett till hela livscykeln för Diesel Mk1 samt truckflottans totala drifttider. Gällande hållbarhetsutvärderingen LCSA analys, utförs den på trucksystem drivna av Diesel Mk1, HVO-Diesel, blybatterier samt litiumjonbatterier inom kapaciteterna 3,5, 5 och 8 ton. Analysen tar hänsyn till de tre pelarna inom hållbar utveckling. Vidare tas hänsyn till trucksystemens tekniska specifikationer, vilket jämförs mot den nuvarande dieseltruckflottan. Generellt kan en lägre teknisk prestanda ses hos de eldrivna trucksystemen, vilket kan påverka möjligheten att implementera de hos fallföretaget. Teoretiskt lägst ekologisk och social påverkan kan ses hos de litiumjonbatteridrivna trucksystemen, lägst påverkan inom den ekonomiska pelaren har blybatteridrift. Ställt mot fallföretagets nuvarande flöden och behov, rekommenderar författarna HVO-Dieseldrivna trucksystem, då de har samma tekniska kapacitet samt lägre ekologisk och social påverkan. Avgränsningar har gjorts för analyserna i rapporten, gällande processgränser och påverkande faktorer. För framtida hållbarhetsutvärderingar rekommenderar författarna att större processgränser och fler påverkande faktorer tas hänsyn till, för att identifiera samtlig påverkan inom pelarna. I rapporten återfinns exempel på påverkan utanför valda processgränser, såsom utsläpp som påverkar över tid och exploatering. Under arbetets gång har informationsgap uppmärksammats inom olika områden. När det gäller forskning kring hållbarhetsutvärderingar saknas beprövade metoder. Därför efterfrågas enklare analysmetoder inom hållbar utveckling. Gap i forskning angående truckteori är något som också uppmärksammats.The amount of organizations that choose to work with sustainability is increasing due to the potential competitiveness it causes. Working with sustainability may include sustainability evaluations, which can be done through the LCSA analysis method. The purpose of this report is to evaluate and analyze a manufacturing company's current climate impact due to carbon dioxide equivalent emissions from diesel-powered forklifts within internal material handling. Further, the report aims to illustrate how a sustainability evaluation can be conducted to identify ecological, economic and social impact. In the report, a sustainability evaluation of forklift systems is performed to identify the theoretically best alternative, compared to a case company's current situation. The method used for the sustainability evaluation is LCSA analysis. In addition to the results of the sustainability evaluation, the interface between theoretically and practically best forklift system alternatives is considered. The case company Volvo GTO in Skövde, currently have 18 diesel-powered forklifts, which have different capacities and functions. The current fuel for all forklifts is Diesel Mk1. The flows today generally set high demands on the forklifts technical capacity, for example on, travel speed, climbing ability, traction force and lifting and lowering speed. In the year 2017, the 18 diesel-powered forklifts contributed with a climate impact of approximately 237 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents, considering the entire life cycle of Diesel Mk1 and the forklift fleets total run time. Regarding the sustainability evaluation LCSA analysis, it is performed on forklift systems powered by Diesel Mk1, HVO-Diesel, lead acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries within the capacities 3.5, 5 and 8-tonne. The analysis considers the three pillars of sustainability. Further, the technical specifications of the forklift systems are considered and compared with the current diesel-powered fleet. Generally, a lower technical capacity can be seen in the electric forklift systems, which may affect the ability to implement those at the case company. Theoretically lowest ecological and social impact can be seen within the lithium-ion battery-powered forklift systems, the lowest impact on the economic pillar is seen in the lead acid battery systems. Based on the case company's current flows and demands, the authors recommend HVO-Diesel-powered forklift systems, as they have the same technical capabilities as well as lower ecological and social impacts. Limitations has been set for the reports analyzes, regarding process boundaries and impact indicators. For future sustainability evaluations, the authors recommend that wider process boundaries and more impact indicators are applied to identify the total impact within the pillars of sustainability. The report comprehends examples of impact beyond selected process boundaries, such as emissions affecting over time or exploitation. During the progress of this report, information gaps have been discovered in different areas. Regarding research of sustainability evaluations, proven methods are lacking. Therefore, established methods for evaluation are desired. A gap in research of forklift theory has also been noted.
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Matsuura, Eri, Yan ye, and Xiaoxuan He. "Sustainability Opportunities and Challenges of Bioplastics." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2188.
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Bioplastics (BPs) can be defined as plastics made of biomass such as corn and sugarcane. These substances have been increasingly spotlighted as means to saving fossil fuels, reducing CO2 emission and plastic wastes. Biodegradability of BPs has been widely publicized in society and the demand for packaging is rapidly increasing among retailers and the food industry at large. However, there is little consensus on actual impacts of BPs production. This thesis therefore aims to identify current strengths and weaknesses and future threats and opportunities and leverage points for the bioplastics industry in a move towards sustainability?” The Strategic Life Cycle Management (SLCM) and Templates for Sustainable Product Development (TSPD) approaches were used to reveal current ecological and social impacts in relation to Sustainability Principles from the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development. Various sustainability challenges and opportunities were identified. Most threats were in agricultural production and in the disposal of products. Compelling measures for the BP industry include: having a consensus in BPs applications based on strategic sustainable development, universal labelling and recycling systems for BPs, government strategic policies to encourage research into new technologies in improving biodegradability and energy efficiency in manufacturing.
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Schmidt, Ximena Carolina. "A sustainable assessment in the convenience food sector : ready-made meals." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-sustainable-assessment-in-the-convenience-food-sector-readymade-meals(74939787-085d-481b-be7d-fbf4f00fccbd).html.
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The food industry has an essential role in society and in the global economy. Nowadays, modernlifestyle demands convenience, which is driving the development of the food sector. This isparticularly evident with convenience food, especially ready-made meals, industrially preparedfood, which only requires a short preparation time at home by consumers, but has very complexand diverse supply chains and is associated with a range of sustainability issues. Therefore, theaim of this research is to evaluate the environmental, economic and social sustainability in theready-made meals sector with the focus on the UK market. A life cycle approach has been used forthese purposes, using life cycle assessment (LCA) as the tool for the environmental analysis, lifecycle costing (LCC) for the economic aspects and social sustainability indicators (SI) for the socialissues. Different types of ready-made meal from different cuisines have been considered, includingthe British, Italian, Chinese and Indian. The highest environmental impacts are found for the Italian and Indian cuisines, while Chinesemeals are environmentally most sustainable, followed by the British. At the sectoral level, theresults suggest that from ‘cradle to retailer’ the British ready-made meal sector contributes 4.45 Mtof CO2 eq. annually, which represents ~4% of the GHG emissions of the food and drink sector and~1% of the UK GHG emissions. Of this, 3.16 Mt of CO2 eq. is emitted by chilled and 1.28 Mt of CO2eq. by the frozen ready-made meals. The total life cycle costs at the sectoral level from ‘cradle tograve’ are estimated at £2.1 bn, with the chilled ready-made meals market contributing £1.42 bnand the frozen £676 million. The life cycle costs from ‘cradle to retailer’ are £1.02 bn, with the valueadded of £958 million. The common environmental and cost hotspot for all the meals studied is rawmaterials. In particular, the meat, fish and seafood are the greatest contributors. For theenvironmental impacts, the manufacturing and distribution stages are also important, while theconsumption stage is the largest contributor to the costs. The major social aspects are the foodrelated health issues and food security, in particular food affordability. In the supply chainagriculture, wholesale and retailers show high risk for indicators such as wages and employmentwhile the manufacturing presents high risk in fatal injuries. The study also shows that consumer choices play an important role for the economic andenvironmental impacts; therefore, educational programmes and better communicational strategiesshould be implemented by the industry, the government and consumers groups. Moreover, toensure a sustainable development of the ready-made meals sector, future policies and industrialinitiatives should consider a life cycle approach including relevant economic, environmental andsocial aspects.
Books on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan, ed. Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4562-4.
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Kitchen table sustainability: Practical recipes for community engagement with sustainability. London: Earthscan, 2008.
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Agricultural Missions, Inc. (New York, N.Y.). 500 years of indigenous resistance and a common future of healing and sustainability: A dialogue with the indigenous community of the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation during the Agricultural Missions' 1993 annual board meeting. New York, N.Y: Agricultural Missions, 1993.
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Mauro, Mecagni, and International Monetary Fund, eds. Sovereign debt restructuring and debt sustainability: An analysis of recent cross-country experience. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2007.
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Sustainability and the civil commons: Rural communities in the age of globalization. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005.
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There is no Planet B: Promise and peril on our warming world. North Charleston, S.C: Createspace, 2012.
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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan. Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). Springer, 2022.
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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan. Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.
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Sarkissian, Wendy, Cathy Wilkinson, Nancy Hofer, Yollana Shore, and Steph Vajda. Kitchen Table Sustainability: Practical Recipes for Community Engagement with Sustainability. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.
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Sarkissian, Wendy, Cathy Wilkinson, Nancy Hofer, Yollana Shore, and Steph Vajda. Kitchen Table Sustainability: Practical Recipes for Community Engagement with Sustainability. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Moltesen, Andreas, and Anders Bjørn. "LCA and Sustainability." In Life Cycle Assessment, 43–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56475-3_5.
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Wulf, Christina, Petra Zapp, Andrea Schreiber, and Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs. "Integrated Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment: Hydrogen Production as a Showcase for an Emerging Methodology." In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 97–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_9.
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AbstractIdeally, life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) consists of life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) based on a joint technical model. For an integrated and consistent LCSA, however, this is not enough. Therefore, in this work, a coherent indicator selection based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as an integration of the impact categories/indicators with the help of multi-criteria decision analysis is conducted. The chosen method PROMETHEE does not allow full compensation of the sustainability indicators, which reflects a possible view on sustainability. The SDG-based approach is compared with a classical approach where the weighting is based on the three sustainability dimensions. Both are tested on comparison case study of a 6 MW pressurized electrolyser located in three European countries, i.e. Spain, Germany and Austria, to illustrate the difference of industrial hydrogen production in industrialized countries with different structures of electricity markets.
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Buonopane, Stephen. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)." In Sustainability Guidelines for the Structural Engineer, 117–31. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784411193.ch11.
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Álvarez-Rodríguez, Cristina, Mario Martín-Gamboa, and Diego Iribarren. "Enhancing Life Cycle Management Through the Symbiotic Use of Data Envelopment Analysis: Novel Advances in LCA + DEA." In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 257–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_23.
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AbstractThe combined use of Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis (LCA + DEA) arises as a growing field of research when evaluating multiple similar entities under the umbrella of eco-efficiency and sustainability. This chapter revisits a set of four recent LCA + DEA articles within the tertiary sector to explore the novel advances offered regarding the application of the well-established five-step LCA + DEA method for enhanced sustainability benchmarking. These advances – which relate to the DEA stage of the framework – include the calculation of gradual benchmarks for continuous improvement, the period-oriented benchmarking of unidivisional or multidivisional entities, and the implementation of decision-makers’ preferences in the assessment. Overall, these advances further stress the suitability of using DEA to enhance the capabilities of LCA for the sustainability-oriented management of multiple similar entities.
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Morbidoni, Alessandro, Claudio Favi, and Michele Germani. "CAD-Integrated LCA Tool: Comparison with dedicated LCA Software and Guidelines for the Improvement." In Glocalized Solutions for Sustainability in Manufacturing, 569–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19692-8_99.
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Zeiler, Wim, Ruben Pelzer, and Wim Maassen. "LCA in The Netherlands: A Case Study." In Sustainability in Energy and Buildings, 649–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36645-1_60.
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Bushi, Lindita, Tim Skszek, and David Wagner. "Comparative LCA Study of Lightweight Auto Parts of MMLV Mach-I Vehicle as Per ISO 14040/44 LCA Standards and CSA Group 2014 LCA Guidance Document for Auto Parts." In Engineering Solutions for Sustainability, 193–208. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119179856.ch19.
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Bushi, Lindita, Tim Skszek, and David Wagner. "Comparative LCA Study of Lightweight Auto Parts of MMLV Mach-I Vehicle as per ISO 14040/44 LCA Standards and CSA Group 2014 LCA Guidance Document for Auto Parts." In Engineering Solutions for Sustainability, 193–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48138-8_19.
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Arnold, Viktoria. "Errors in Decision Making, Using Ecobalance—LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)." In World Sustainability Series, 375–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30306-8_22.
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Silvenius, Frans, Juha-Matti Katajajuuri, Kaisa Grönman, Risto Soukka, Heta-Kaisa Koivupuro, and Yrjö Virtanen. "Role of Packaging in LCA of Food Products." In Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management, 359–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1899-9_35.
Full textConference papers on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Sanfélix, Javier, Kirana Chomkhamsri, Cristina de la Rúa, and Fabrice Mathieux. "Classifying and Browsing LCA studies: The New Functionalities of the LCA Resource Directory." In The 1st World Sustainability Forum. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wsf-00753.
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Palousis, N., L. Luong, and K. Abhary. "An integrated LCA/LCC framework for assessing product sustainability risk." In RISK ANALYSIS 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/risk080131.
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Clarke-Sather, Abigail R., Saleh Mamun, Daniel Nolan, Patrick Schoff, Matthew Aro, and Bridget Ulrich. "Towards Prospective Sustainability Life Cycle Assessment." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22526.
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Abstract Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established tool for measuring environmental effects of existing technology. While the most recent LCA research has focused on environmental impacts, in particular on the effects of climate change, there is growing interest in how LCA can be used prospectively. A 2019 workshop in Duluth, Minnesota sought to define the needs and priorities of prospective life cycle assessment from a perspective that considers diverse viewpoints. In that workshop, participants outlined frameworks for how sustainability impacts might figure into a prospective LCA tool focused on assessing technologies currently under development. Those frameworks included social and economic impacts, which were characterized alongside environmental impacts, with the goal of predicting potential impacts and developing recommendations for improving technologies. Cultural perspective, in particular the roots of the German circular economy, was explored and held up as a reminder that different communities are influenced by different sustainability concerns, leading to diverse policy and cultural prerogatives. The purpose of this paper is to catalyze conversation about how to frame methodologies of existing LCA tools that could be used in a prospective sustainability context.
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Giunta, Marinella, Sara Bressi, and Massimo Losa. "Sustainability in Railway Construction: LCA–LCC Based Assessment of Alternative Solutions for Track-Bed." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8008.
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Abstract The economic and environmental sustainability of the Bitumen Stabilized Ballast (BSB) as construction and maintenance practice in railway track-bed is evaluated in comparison to the traditional ballast (TB). This aim is achieved integrating the results of an attributional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), following a cradle-to-grave approach, and the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analyses. The higher durability of BSB leads to arise environmental benefits in almost all the impact categories of LCA. Nevertheless, Bitumen Emulsion (BE) originates high level of impact on certain categories and they cannot be compensated by the reduction of the minor and major maintenance activities required by the BSB solution over the life cycle. The results of the LCA have been implemented in the LCC model for accounting the external costs due to the environmental impacts. From this analysis it emerges that the BSB technology, used since the construction stage and during the routine tamping, can provide economical savings.
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Ma, Jungmok, and Harrison M. Kim. "Predictive Usage Mining for Sustainability of Complex Systems Design." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34755.
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A new perspective of dynamic LCA (life cycle assessment) is proposed with the predictive usage mining for sustainability (PUMS) algorithm. By defining usage patterns as trend, seasonality, and level from a time series of usage information, predictive LCA can be conducted in a real time horizon. Large-scale sensor data of product operation is analyzed in order to mine usage patterns and build a usage model for LCA. The PUMS algorithm consists of handling missing and abnormal values, seasonal period analysis, segmentation analysis, time series analysis, and predictive LCA. A newly developed segmentation algorithm can distinguish low activity periods and help to capture patterns more clearly. Furthermore, a predictive LCA method is formulated using a time series usage model. Finally, generated data is used to do predictive LCA of agricultural machinery as a case study.
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Telenko, Cassandra, and Kristin Wood. "Designer’s Intuitive Ratings of Sustainability." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59546.
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Life cycle analysis (LCA) is often used to compare the sustainability of product concepts, but how our intuition factors into analysis and innovation is rarely considered. Intuitive evaluations of sustainability by designers not only help scope LCAs, but can be a dominant force in early stage decision making and concept creation. To elicit intuitive responses from experts, eight environmentally conscious products were presented to 22 designers as part of a professional workshop survey. Participants rated their own experience in design and sustainability and rated the sustainability and innovativeness of each product from low to high. These ratings are compared with available LCAs and environmental impact information. The results indicate that self-perceived expertise in sustainability does not significantly change perception of the sustainability of products and that sustainability ratings and innovativeness ratings were moderately correlated.
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Qi, Huihui, Euihark Lee, and Hae Chang Gea. "Decision Making Tool in Life Cycle Assessment for Packaging Sustainability." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13680.
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The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a method to measure the environmental impact of a product’s life stages from the cradle to the grave, and is widely used for packaging sustainability. Although many successful applications using LCA have been reported, the current state of LCA tools still has many limitations. For example, it is difficult to select the best design among the LCA results of design sets. Moreover, the LCA tool cannot implement a decision maker’s preference into the process easily. To overcome these limitations, we developed a decision making tool using LCA for packaging sustainability. First, Pareto Active Set Selection (PASS) method is proposed to find Pareto Front of packaging options. Additionally, Design Preference Function (DPF) is introduced to implement the designer’s preference for selecting the best packaging options. Case studies are presented to demonstrate this decision making tool.
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Harvey, John. "Improving Pavement Sustainability through Integrated Design, Construction, Asset Management, LCA and LCCA." In IOCI 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022017037.
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Johnson, Matthew, and Delcie Durham. "Establishing Relationships Between Manufacturing Sustainability and Performance." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28913.
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The current LCA methods assess a product’s sustainability over its full life cycle, cradle-to-grave. While the number(s) obtained detail the contributions a process makes to a product in terms of energy intensity or the generation of wastes, it is insufficient to optimize a process for both sustainability and performance objectives. The Economic Input/Output Life Cycle Analysis (EIO-LCA) was used to investigate whether metrics could be identified which address sustainability — performance issues in materials processing. This method lends itself to the assessment of processes on a unit time basis while allowing for calculation of resources used and byproducts expelled. Productivity of manufacturing processes is also based on time. For example, material removal rate is related to processing feed, speed, and the geometry and tolerances established during design. A scaled waterjet cutting process was tested to investigate the unit time relationships. The EIO-LCA was conducted and the subsequent environmental impact in the form of total energy consumed and equivalent CO2 expelled evaluated per unit time, establishing the relationship to cutting speed. Although this is a static LCA at set conditions, it suggests that relationships can be explored between the regulation of resources, productivity, cost and environmental impact by varying the processing parameters.
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Javierre, Carlos, Víctor Camañes, Daniel Elduque, Ana Elduque, and Judith Sarasa. "LCA Software for Engineering Training on Product Development." In The 4th World Sustainability Forum. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wsf-4-h003.
Full textReports on the topic "LCA sustainability"
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Dinamarca, Hernán. Desafío para las Direcciones de Comunicaciones: Una Comunicación Integral para la Sustentabilidad socio-ambiental y emocional. Challenge for Public Relations management: a comprehensive model for the socio–environmental and emotional sustainability. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-2-2011-05-79-106.
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Bagley, Margo. Genome Editing in Latin America: CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003409.
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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.i Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.i In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.ii Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.ii Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.iii These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.i These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Kuiken, Todd, and Jennifer Kuzma. Genome Editing in Latin America: Regional Regulatory Overview. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003410.
Full textAbstract:
The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.3 Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.3 In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.4 Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.4 Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.5 These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.4 These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Collective Tenure Rights in Colombia’s Peace Agreement and Climate Policy Commitments. Rights and Resources Initiative, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/yzuu8847.
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Between June and August 2016, the Colombian government made two announcements that will profoundly change the country. After four years of peace negotiations with the FARC guerillas, President Santos announced the Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera [Final Peace Accord for the Conclusion of the Conflict and the Construction of Stable and Lasting Peace], moving the country toward the end of one of the longest internal conflicts in the history of the Americas. In the months prior to this announcement, the Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible [Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development] also officially launched the Visión Amazonía 2020 Program, a low-carbon sustainable development model for the Amazon region. This program is part of the country’s commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent by the year 2030. Both announcements, linked to profound historic changes in the country, will generate new proposals related to sustainable development, agriculture, and access to land. They will also raise the question of what institutional changes are needed to effectively respond to these new challenges and opportunities. Given that the implementation of both of these initiatives will coalesce in the territories of the various rural and ethnic populations in the country, it will be necessary to directly address the crucial issue of guaranteeing indigenous and Afro-descendant communities’ collective rights. This issue will be central to effective implementation of the post-peace accord and climate policies, as well as in achieving economic, social, and environmental sustainability.