Journal articles: 'LBCPR'

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Jayaprakash, R., and B. Radha. "An Implementation of Trusted Key Management Protocol (TKMP) in Wireless Network." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 5243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9415.

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The Trusted Key Management Protocol (TKMP) provides one of the most secure communication technologies in MANET cluster-based data protection. For security reasons, TKMP is a trusted key that can be sent to all nodes in the communication cluster. This document introduces the Trusted Key Management Protocol (TKMP) feature to improve the quality of secure communications over a cluster-based wireless network. The proposed TKMP execution process includes CBPPRS (Cluster Based Privacy Preserving Routing Selection), LBCPR (Load Balancing Cluster Based Privacy Routing) and DLBPS (Dynamic Load Balancing Privacy Path Selection) procedure. To lock the data from the malicious node, the Paillier Cryptosystem (PC) encrypts packets with homomorphic encryption. The trust score makes it easier to update routing information and improves network throughput. The experimental results show that the proposed TKMP method works better than the other Trust-ECC method.

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Ju, Yong Beom. "A Study on the Land and Building Component Ratio in the Price Appraisal of Apartment Houses." Korea Real Estate Institute 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35136/krer.32.2.4.

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The land and building component ratio (LBCR) refers to the distribution of land and building values as a ratio, and the current LBCR of apartment houses has not been reviewed in more than 10 years since 2012, making it unsuitable to use at this time. This study aims to review the distribution method of land and building value and propose a new LBCR for apartment houses. Therefore, three alternative methods of land and building value distribution were determined in this study through theoretical review, and the final LBCR of apartment houses was presented based on empirical analysis and expert opinions. Findings reveal that the land ratio of apartments, townhouses, and multiplex houses increased compared with the LBCR in 2012. Moreover, in the case of townhouses and multiplex houses, the land ratio of Seoul and five metropolitan cities increased significantly.

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Gao, Xin, Liqiang Sun, Wei Guo, Ruxiao Ren, and Wenqian Zeng. "Overturning stability of supported geomembrane tube for flood control." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 02044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128302044.

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As a kind of rapid filling hydraulic structure, geomembrane tube can effectively act as flood barriers and cofferdams for flood risk management. L-shaped block is used to support geomembrane tube to prevent it from rolling. The contact force between the L-shaped block and the geomembrane tube is analyzed by using particle flow code (PFC2D) software, and the overturning stability of the L-shaped block is calculated. The relationship between the key factors and the overturning stability was established. It is found that the central angle of the L-shaped block has little influence on the overturning stability. The overturning stability decreases with the increase of the initial pumping pressure. Keeping Lw/Lb unchanged, increasing Lb will improve the overturning stability where Lw and Lb are the width and the height of the Lshaped block. Under the ultimate water level, when 1.23 Lbcr < Lw≤1.55 Lbcr, the L-shaped block is in the state of overturning stability where Lbcr is the critical height of the L-shaped block. The initial pumping pressure is less than 0.152γL, the L-shaped block is in the state of overturning stability with Lw/Lbcr =1.0 where L is the cross-sectional perimeter of the geomembrane tube and γ is the unit weight of the filling liquid, on the contrary, Lw/Lbcr must be greater than 1 to ensure its overturning stability.

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Chong, Lisa, Tobias K. Mildenberger, Merrill B. Rudd, Marc H. Taylor, Jason M. Cope, Trevor A. Branch, Matthias Wolff, and Moritz Stäbler. "Performance evaluation of data-limited, length-based stock assessment methods." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz212.

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Abstract Performance evaluation of data-limited, length-based methods is instrumental in determining and quantifying their accuracy under various scenarios and in providing guidance about model applicability and limitations. We conducted a simulation–estimation analysis to compare the performance of four length-based stock assessment methods: length-based Thompson and Bell (TB), length-based spawning potential ratio (LBSPR), length-based integrated mixed effects (LIME), and length-based risk analysis (LBRA), under varying life history, exploitation status, and recruitment error scenarios. Across all scenarios, TB and LBSPR were the most consistent and accurate assessment methods. LBRA is highly biased, but precautionary, and LIME is more suitable for assessments with time-series longer than a year. All methods have difficulties when assessing short-lived species. The methods are less accurate in estimating the degree of recruitment overfishing when the stocks are severely overexploited, and inconsistent in determining growth overfishing when the stocks are underexploited. Increased recruitment error reduces precision but can decrease bias in estimations. This study highlights the importance of quantifying the accuracy of stock assessment methods and testing methods under different scenarios to determine their strengths and weaknesses and provides guidance on which methods to employ in various situations.

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Mora, Paulo, Guillermo Figueroa-Muñoz, Luis Cubillos, and Poliana Strange-Olate. "A data-limited approach to determine the status of the artisanal fishery of sea silverside in southern Chile." Marine and Fishery Sciences (MAFIS) 35, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 275–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3522022010508.

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Artisanal fisheries are essential, but for most the status of the stock supporting the fishing activity remains unknown due to lack of data and difficult access to sampling. For example, the artisanal fishery of sea silverside Odontesthes (Austromenidia) regia, in the Los Lagos administrative region of Chile, requires a data-limited approach to determine its status because the fishery administration has not invested in its monitoring. The approach consisted of estimating the spawning potential ratio (SPR) from length-frequency data collected in 2019 using length-based spawning potential ratio (LBSPR) and biological reference points using the only-catch optimized method (OCOM) to catch data covering from 1960 to 2020. In addition, five age-structured sea silverside populations were simulated considering uncertainty in recruitment and utilizing life-history parameters estimated by FishLife. According to LBSPR, the SPR was 0.58 (95% confidence intervals: 0.5-0.7), suggesting a fully exploited fishery status. The OCOM result was inconsistent with the life-history parameters and was discarded as a valid sea silverside stock assessment. The age-structured population simulations indicated evidence of a reduction in the spawning stock biomass close to 75% of the unexploited condition in 1960. Thus, the underexploited status reached a probability close to 49.4%, and the fully exploited status was 41.2%. The framework for a data-limited stock-assessment approach and results obtained here for the sea silverside are starting essential steps that may be emulated in other artisanal data-limited fisheries.

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Mamad Gandidi, Indra, Edy Suryadi, Efri Mardawati, Dwi Rustam Kendarto, and Nugroho Agung Pambudi. "Stepwise Pyrolysis by LBCR Downstream to Enhance of Gasoline Fraction of Liquid Fuel from MMSW." Energy Engineering 119, no. 3 (2022): 1169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/ee.2022.018821.

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Huscher, A., L. Donadoni, A. Taddeo, M. Galelli, T. Prochilo, F. Guerini, S. Mutti, A. Zaniboni, and M. Bignardi. "PO-0938: Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) as a standard option in left breast cancer patient (LBCP)." Radiotherapy and Oncology 152 (November 2020): S501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00955-5.

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Pons, Maite, Jason M. Cope, and Laurence T. Kell. "Comparing performance of catch-based and length-based stock assessment methods in data-limited fisheries." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 6 (June 2020): 1026–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0276.

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The quantity of data from many small-scale fisheries is insufficient to allow for the application of conventional assessment methods. Even though in many countries they are moving to closed-loop simulations to assess the performance of different management procedures in data-limited situations, managers in most developing countries are still demanding information on stock status. In this study we use the common metric of harvest rate to evaluate and compare the performance of the following catch-only and length-only assessment models: catch – maximum sustainable yield (Catch-MSY), depletion-based stock reduction analysis (DBSRA), simple Stock Synthesis (SSS), an extension of Catch-MSY (CMSY), length-based spawning potential ratio (LBSPR), length-based integrated mixed effects (LIME), and length-based Bayesian (LBB). In general, results were more biased for slightly depleted than for highly depleted stocks and for long-lived than for short-lived species. Length-based models, such as LIME, performed as well as catch-based methods in many scenarios, and among the catch-based models, the one with the best performance was SSS followed by CMSY.

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Ernawati, T., and T. W. Budiarti. "Life history and length base spawning potential ratio (LBSPR) of malabar snapper Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in western of South Sulawesi, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 404 (December 19, 2019): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/404/1/012023.

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10

Kindong, Richard, Ousmane Sarr, Feng Wu, and Siquan Tian. "Length-Based Assessment Methods for the Conservation of a Pelagic Shark, Carcharhinus falciformis from the Tropical Pacific Ocean." Fishes 7, no. 4 (July 25, 2022): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040184.

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The silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis is one of the most heavily exploited sharks, being the main by-catch species in both tuna longline and purse-seine fisheries in tropical waters worldwide. Despite this severe exploitation, little is known about the species’ life history and population status. Silky sharks, like many other sharks, exhibit slow growth and low fecundity, indicating the urgency of developing assessment studies to aid in the implementation of conservation plans for their stocks. Because information on the catch and effort of this species is scarce, some length-based data-limited methods were applied in the present study to provide estimates of the status of the tropical Pacific silky shark population. As evident from the LBSPR analysis, the current spawning potential ratio (SPR) was found to be below the target reference point of SPR 40% and slightly above the limit reference point of SPR 20%. In addition, the LBB model also confirmed that this stock’s status is overfished with relatively low biomass levels. Furthermore, both models showed estimates of size selectivity at 50% and 95% that were lower than the estimated size at sexual maturity. In conclusion, the data-limited models developed in this study indicated that the silky shark stock in the tropical Pacific Ocean may be at risk of further decline. Additionally, the results show that growth and recruitment overfishing may be occurring in the silky shark’s population calling for immediate intensification of monitoring programs for these sharks as a pre-requisite to develop efficient management and conservation plans in the Pacific Ocean.

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11

Yonvitner, Yonvitner, Mennofatria Boer, and Rahmat Kurnia. "Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) Approach as a Management Measure of Skipjack Sustainability Record from Cilacap Fishing Port, Central Java, Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 13, no. 2 (September 28, 2021): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v13i2.24926.

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Highlight Research:Spawning potential ratio (SPR) based on the length and frequency data is a substitution approach for data-poor management in fisheriesGonad maturity is an indicator to ensure recruitment and stock sustainability. Therefore important to evaluate the impact of fishing capture on the size and length of fishSpawning potential ratio of skipjack relatively low and potential medium impact on risk sustainability AbstractWhen data is limited, management measurement from fisheries makes it possible to use natural history data to analyze the potential spawning ratio (SPR). This research aimed to determine skipjack fish management measure from the Indian Ocean landed at Cilacap Fishing Port through the SPR approach. The study was conducted in December 2014 to March 2015 using length and reproduction data. The analysis consisted of the size structure, growth rate, and asymptotic length that were analyzed using FISAT II program and length at fifty percent maturity (Lm50). The SPR analysis used SPR software from the application in http://barefootecologist.com.au/lbspr. The size distributions of skipjack obtained were a length of 220-790 mm and an average dominant length of 311-371 mm. The asymptotic length obtained was 831.57 mm, with growth rate and natural mortality of 1.1 and 1.44 per year respectively. The population proportion of 50% reaching gonad maturity (Lm50) was found at a length of 494.75 mm and (Lm95 = 522.39 mm) with an M/k ratio of 1.309. The length selectivity level was caught 50% (SL50 = 317.36 mm) and 95% (SL95 = 373.1 mm). The spawning potential ratio (SPR) ranged from 2-4 with an average of 4% during observation. The SPR potential, which is lower from the standardized threshold of 40%, indicates many young fish populations are caught, and the potential for overfishing is high, high risk, and low sustainability.

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Schemmerer, Mathias, Reimar Johne, Monika Erl, Wolfgang Jilg, and Jürgen J. Wenzel. "Isolation of Subtype 3c, 3e and 3f-Like Hepatitis E Virus Strains Stably Replicating to High Viral Loads in an Optimized Cell Culture System." Viruses 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11060483.

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The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transmitted via the faecal–oral route in developing countries (genotypes 1 and 2) or through contaminated food and blood products worldwide (genotypes 3 and 4). In Europe, HEV subtypes 3c, 3e and 3f are predominant. HEV is the leading cause of acute hepatitis globally and immunocompromised patients are particularly at risk. Because of a lack of cell culture systems efficiently propagating wild-type viruses, research on HEV is mostly based on cell culture-adapted isolates carrying uncommon insertions in the hypervariable region (HVR). While optimizing the cell culture system using the cell culture-adapted HEV strain 47832c, we isolated three wild-type strains derived from clinical specimens representing the predominant spectrum of HEV in Europe. The novel isolates 14-16753 (3c), 14-22707 (3e) and 15-22016 (3f-like) replicate to high viral loads of 108, 109 and 106.5 HEV RNA copies/mL at 14 days post-inoculation, respectively. In addition, they could be kept as persistently infected cell cultures with constant high viral loads (~109 copies/mL) for more than a year. In contrast to the latest isolates 47832c, LBPR-0379 and Kernow-C1, the new isolates do not carry genome insertions in the HVR. Optimization of HEV cell culture identified amphotericin B, distinct salts and fetal calf serum (FCS) as important medium supplements. Overconfluent cell layers increased infectivity and virus production. PLC/PRF/5, HuH-7-Lunet BLR, A549 and HepG2/C3A supported replication with different efficiencies. The novel strains and optimized cell culture system may be useful for studies on the HEV life cycle, inactivation, specific drug and vaccine development.

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Wujdi, Arief, Hety Hartaty, and Bram Setyadji. "ESTIMASI PARAMETER POPULASI DAN RASIO POTENSI PEMIJAHAN TONGKOL KOMO (Euthynnus affinis, Cantor 1849) DI PERAIRAN SELATAN LOMBOK." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 26, no. 2 (June 20, 2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.26.2.2020.93-107.

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Tongkol komo (Euthynnus affinis) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekonomis tinggi perikanan tuna neritik, terutama bagi armada tuna skala kecil. Seiring dengan meningkatnya intensitas penangkapan pada satu dekade terakhir, diperlukan kajian kuantitatif terkait keberlangsungan stok. Akan tetapi, minimnya data yang tersedia pada perikanan jenis ini merupakan tantangan terbesar dalam melakukan usaha pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga parameter populasi dan rasio potensi pemijahan (SPR) berbasis ukuran panjang, sebagai titik acuan biologis kondisi stok dalam menghadapi tekanan penangkapan. Total 1.321 data ukuran panjang dikumpulkan secara acak setiap bulan selama Januari hingga Desember 2016 di Tanjung Luar. Parameter populasi meliputi pertumbuhan, kematian, rekrutmen, dan laju pemanfaatan diestimasi dengan metode ELEFAN. Analisis SPR juga dilakukan dengan melibatkan parameter reproduksi yang disintesis dari penelitian sebelumnya dengan paket LB-SPR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula pertumbuhan von Bertalanffy diekspresikan dengan persamaan Lt = 85,0 (1-e-0,7 (t+0,173)). Meskipun rata-rata sampel tongkol komo diprediksi telah matang gonad/memijah (SL50>L50), namun sumberdaya tongkol komo mengalami tekanan yang tergolong tinggi dan mengganggu rekrutmen individu baru ke dalam stok yang diindikasikan dengan parameter lainnya seperti rasio mortalitas penangkapan relatif (F/M) = 2,15, laju eksploitasi (E) = 0,68, dan SPR = 23%. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyusunan pengelolaan yang efektif untuk kelestarian perikanan. Eastern little tuna or commercially known as kawakawa is listed as one of the most economically important species of neritic tuna, especially caught by small-scale tuna fisheries. Increasing fishing pressure in the last decade should be responded by a quantitative analysis on its stock. The problem arises when this typical fishery usually possesses limited time-series data. This study intended to estimate population parameters and spawning potential ratio (SPR) as a biological reference point to state the healthiness of fishery corresponding to the fishing pressure around coastal areas. A total of 1,321 length measurement data were randomly sampled monthly from January to December 2016 in Tanjung Luar. Population parameters including growth, mortality, recruitment, and exploitation rate were estimated by applying the ELEFAN method. SPR analysis was also carried out by involving reproduction parameters synthesized from previous studies using the LBSPR package. The results showed that the von Bertalanffy growth functions were expressed by the equation Lt = 85.0 (1-e-0.7(t + 0.173)). Although the majority of kawakawa was predicted in maturity as indicated by SL50>L50, high exploitation has occurred to the fishery that can be interfered the recruitment to the stock, as confirmed by other parameters, such as relative fishing mortality (F/M) = 2.15, exploitation rate (E) = 0.68, and SPR = 23%. Hence, the establishment of appropriate management strategies is needed to aim fishery sustainability.

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14

Zhang, Kui, Jun Zhang, Peng Zhang, Li Su, Xiaofan Hong, Yongsong Qiu, and Zuozhi Chen. "This is what we know: Assessing the stock status of the data-poor skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) fishery in the South China Sea." Frontiers in Marine Science 10 (January 18, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1095411.

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Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is a highly migratory species of significant value in global marine fisheries. The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, and many tuna and tuna-like species occur within it. Although a recent Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission report identified skipjack tuna in the western and central Pacific to be sustainably fished, the exploitation status of skipjack tuna in the SCS is still unclear, due to limited data. We apply two data-poor methods, length-based Bayesian biomass estimation (LBB) and length-based spawning potential ratio (LBSPR), to assess the status of skipjack tuna stock in the SCS. We use electronic length frequency analysis to estimate von Bertalanffy growth parameters (asymptotic length Linf and growth coefficient K) to serve as priors for LBB and LBSPR estimation. Estimates are calculated for SCS skipjack tuna Linf (68.3 cm), K (0.325 year−1), natural mortality (0.49 year−1) and mean fork length at 50% sexual maturity (36.7 cm). LBB analysis reveals the estimated relative stock size (0.29) indicates that the SCS skipjack tuna stock maybe heavily overfished. LBSPR analysis reveals the estimated spawning potential ratio for this fishery to be 3%, which is significantly below the limit reference point of 20%. Accordingly, for the SCS skipjack tuna stock we identify a need to reduce fishing mortality by controlling fishing effort and increasing catchable size.

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15

Shi, Jiawen, Xingyu Chen, Weijun Zhang, Haijun Mao, Fenglin Wang, and Jiatong Wei. "Sintering characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of 0.5(Ca0.7Nd0.2)TiO₃–0.5(Li0.5Nd0.5)TiO₃ ceramics with La₂O₃–B₂O₃–CaO–P₂O₅ additive." International Journal of Modern Physics B 35, no. 31 (November 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979221503215.

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In this paper, the effects of glass-ceramics sintering aid, La2O3–B2O3–CaO–P2O5 (LBCP), on the sinterability, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of 0.5(Ca[Formula: see text]Nd[Formula: see text]TiO3–0.5(Li[Formula: see text]Nd[Formula: see text]TiO3 (CNT–LNT) ceramic have been investigated. The results indicated that LBCP glass-ceramics has good wettability to CNT–LNT (contact angle at 980[Formula: see text]C is 31.9[Formula: see text]), and it can be used as an effective sintering aid to reduce the sintering temperature of CNT–LNT ceramic from 1300[Formula: see text]C to 980[Formula: see text]C. LBCP glass-ceramics did not change the main crystal phase (perovskite structure) of the sample, but a small amount of LaBO3 and LaPO4 phases was precipitated. Since the LaBO3 and LaPO4 phases are low-loss phases, it is believed that the crystal phases can improve the dielectric properties of the sample, especially the dielectric loss. The samples with 10 wt.% of glass additive sintered for 4 h at 980[Formula: see text]C exhibit the optimized properties: a high dielectric constant of 80.8 and a [Formula: see text] value of 2031 GHz. The high [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] value, coupled with a relatively low sintering temperature, suggest that the optimized compositions have the potential to be used in microwave low-temperature co-fired ceramics applications.

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Llukani, Elton, and Herbert Lepor. "PD43-11 CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT OF MEN DEVELOPING LATE BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE (LBCR) FOLLOWING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (RP)." Journal of Urology 193, no. 4S (April 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.2570.

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Han, Guoliang, Ziqi Qiao, Yuxia Li, Zongran Yang, Ziwei Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Jinjiao Guo, Lili Liu, Chengfeng Wang, and Baoshan Wang. "LbMYB48 positively regulates salt gland development of Limonium bicolor and salt tolerance of plants." Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (October 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1039984.

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Limonium bicolor is a dicotyledonous recretohalophyte with several multicellular salt glands on the leaves. The plant can directly secrete excess salt onto the leaf surface through the salt glands to maintain ion homeostasis under salt stress. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the functions of genes related to salt gland development and salt tolerance. In this study, an R1-type MYB transcription factor gene was screened from L. bicolor, named LbMYB48, and its expression was strongly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization analysis showed that LbMYB48 was localized in the nucleus. LbMYB48 protein has transcriptional activation activity shown by transcriptional activation experiments. The density of salt glands in the leaves and the salt secretion capacity of LbMYB48-silenced lines were decremented, as demonstrated by the leaf disc method to detect sodium ion secretion. Furthermore, salt stress index experiments revealed that the ability of LbMYB48-silenced lines to resist salt stress was significantly reduced. LbMYB48 regulates salt gland development and salt tolerance in L. bicolor mainly by regulating the expression of epidermal cell development related genes such as LbCPC-like and LbDIS3 and salt stress-related genes (LbSOSs, LbRLKs, and LbGSTs) as demonstrated by RNA-seq analysis of LbMYB48-silenced lines. The heterologous over-expression of LbMYB48 in Arabidopsis thaliana improves salt tolerance of plants by stabilizing ion and osmotic balance and is likely to be involved in the abscisic acid signaling pathway. Therefore, LbMYB48, a transcriptional activator regulates the salt gland development of L. bicolor and salt tolerance of L. bicolor and A. thaliana.

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Journal articles on the topic 'LBCPR'

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