Journal articles: 'Layout automation'

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "Copycat Layout: Network layout alignment via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (June 21, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15144.1.

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The copycatLayout app is a network-based visual differential analysis tool that improves upon the existing layoutSaver app and is delivered pre-installed with Cytoscape, beginning with v3.6.0. LayoutSaver cloned a network layout by mapping node locations from one network to another based on node attribute values, but failed to clone view scale and location, and provided no means of identifying which nodes were successfully mapped between networks. Copycat addresses these issues and provides additional layout options. With the advent of Cytoscape Automation (packaged in Cytoscape v3.6.0), researchers can utilize the Copycat layout and its output in workflows written in their language of choice by using only a few simple REST calls. Copycat enables researchers to visually compare groups of homologous genes, generate network comparison images for publications, and quickly identify differences between similar networks at a glance without leaving their script. With a few extra REST calls, scripts can discover nodes present in one network but not in the other, which can feed into more complex analyses (e.g., modifying mismatched nodes based on new data, then re-running the layout to highlight additional network changes).

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "Copycat Layout: Network layout alignment via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (August 10, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15144.2.

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The copycatLayout app is a network-based visual differential analysis tool that improves upon the existing layoutSaver app and is delivered pre-installed with Cytoscape, beginning with v3.6.0. LayoutSaver cloned a network layout by mapping node locations from one network to another based on node attribute values, but failed to clone view scale and location, and provided no means of identifying which nodes were successfully mapped between networks. Copycat addresses these issues and provides additional layout options. With the advent of Cytoscape Automation (packaged in Cytoscape v3.6.0), researchers can utilize the Copycat layout and its output in workflows written in their language of choice by using only a few simple REST calls. Copycat enables researchers to visually compare groups of homologous genes, generate network comparison images for publications, and quickly identify differences between similar networks at a glance without leaving their script. With a few extra REST calls, scripts can discover nodes present in one network but not in the other, which can feed into more complex analyses (e.g., modifying mismatched nodes based on new data, then re-running the layout to highlight additional network changes).

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Harris, M. S. "Analog device-level layout automation." Microelectronics Journal 25, no. 5 (August 1994): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2692(94)90098-1.

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Lee, Bokyeong, Hyeonggil Choi, Byongwang Min, and Dong-Eun Lee. "Applicability of Formwork Automation Design Software for Aluminum Formwork." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249029.

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In this study, by applying the developed formwork automation design software to three target structures, we reviewed the applicability of the formwork automation design software for the aluminum formwork. To apply the formwork automation design software, we built an aluminum formwork library based on the conversion of two-dimensional (2D) computer-aided design (CAD) data to three-dimensional building information modeling data for all the components of the aluminum formwork. The results of the automated formwork layout on the target structures using the formwork automation design software confirmed that the wall and deck members were laid out by the set algorithm according to the formwork size and direction. However, because of the limited functionality of the software, the level of completion of the formwork layout was found to be lower than that of the manual formwork layout based on 2D CAD data. The currently developed software is based on a simple algorithm, but has a drawback in that the automated layout is limited to only some of its members. Therefore, additional research should be conducted on the development of advanced software through the diversification of the algorithm, automation of preprocessing of the mesh, and analysis of the relationships of all the members comprising the formwork.

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Malavasi, E., E. Charbon, E. Felt, and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. "Automation of IC layout with analog constraints." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 15, no. 8 (1996): 923–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/43.511572.

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Kozawa, Tokinori, and Hidekazu Terai. "Research in Design Automation for VLSI Layout." IEEE Design & Test of Computers 2, no. 5 (1985): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mdt.1985.294816.

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Shigematsu, K., Y. Yamazaki, S. Kato, F. Kojima, and S. Takata. "Process-independent workstation layout for lean automation." CIRP Annals 67, no. 1 (2018): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2018.04.081.

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Hurst, S. L. "Design automation for timing-driven layout synthesis." Microelectronics Journal 24, no. 5 (August 1993): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2692(93)90132-x.

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Zhu, David, and Jean-Claude Latombe. "Mechanization of spatial reasoning for automatic pipe layout design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 5, no. 1 (February 1991): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089006040000250x.

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Artificial Intelligence has been very active in developing high-level symbolic reasoning paradigms that have resulted in practical expert systems. However, with a few exceptions, it has paid little attention to the automation of spatial reasoning. On the other hand, spatial reasoning has attracted the interest of several researchers in Robotics. One of the important problems that have been investigated is motion planning, and very significant results have been obtained. This paper describes an implemented system for designing pipe layouts automatically using motion planning techniques. It introduces a new approach to pipe layout design automation in which pipe routes are treated as trajectories left behind by rigid objects (‘robots’). We have implemented this approach in a basic Pipe Router that is described in detail in this paper. We have extended this router in order to make it capable of treating a variety of other constraints which are typical of practical pipe layout design problems. These constraints relate to the process carried out in the pipes, to the design of their mechanical support, and to the constructability and the ease of operation and maintenance of the designed pipe systems.

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H K, Shashikala. "Bank Form Classification using Document Layout Analysis and Image Processing Techniques." International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijare.2019.5.1.01.

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Every day thousands of forms are filled out and submitted across the world, in banks, post offices, government organizations, educational institutions etc. These include electronic forms as well as physical forms. All of these forms irrespective of their origin are at some stage made digital and stored electronically to address issues of physical storage, form degradation and data accessibility. Document layout analysis is a basic step in converting document images into electronic form. This conversion is laborious and can be made more efficient (in terms of throughput and human resource) by automating most of the conversion process using document layout analysis techniques. Document classification is an important step in Office Automation, Digital Libraries, and other document image analysis applications. Physical forms require human supervision for any operations done on the form. Digitization of these forms reduces human resources, also reduces any human redundancy involved with the operation on the physical forms. This paper addresses the initial stage of this automation, namely, bank form classification and decipherment of fields. The former recognizes the type of the bank form and the latter extracts regions of useful data from the classified bank form. The proposed work aims to provide accurate bank form classification along with noise removal, skew detection and correction, finally layout analysis is carried out to extract fields like name, address, signature from the classified forms.

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Brunner, Linda A. "The laboratory of the 1990s—Planning for Total Automation." Journal of Automatic Chemistry 14, no. 2 (1992): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1463924692000105.

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The analytical laboratory of the 1990s must be able to meet and accommodate the rapid evolution of modern-day technology. One such area is laboratory automation. Total automation may be seen as the coupling of computerized sample tracking, electronic documentation and data reduction with automated sample handling, preparation and analysis, resulting in a complete analytical procedure with minimal human involvement. Requirements may vary from one laboratory or facility to another, so the automation has to be flexible enough to cover a wide range of applications, and yet fit into specific niches depending on individual needs.Total automation must be planned for, well in advance, if the endeavour is to be a success. Space, laboratory layout, proper equipment, and the availability and access to necessary utilities must be taken into account. Adequate training and experience of the personnel working with the technology must also be ensured. In addition, responsibilities of installation, programming maintenance and operation have to be addressed. Proper time management and the efficient implementation and use of total automation are also crucial to successful operations.This paper provides insights into laboratory organization and requirements, as well as discussing the management issues that must be faced when automating laboratory procedures.

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Wang, Shuai, Ruifeng Guo, Hongliang Wang, and Birgit Vogel-Heuser. "Safe Three-Dimensional Assembly Line Design for Robots Based on Combined Multiobjective Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 8844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248844.

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In advanced industrial automation, industrial robots have been widely utilized on assembly lines in order to reduce labor dependence. However, many related layout design approaches proposed are prone to generating unsafe layouts: there generally lacks a consideration regarding robots’ heights and assembly range, which will lead to costly collisions in the operation stage. In order to address the problem, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) optimization approach to a safe layout design for an assembly line with robots. We define modeling rules for robots to judge assembly ranges. A quantitative safety indicator is employed as a trigger for 3D collision detection in order to determine the positional relationship and status of the safe assembly collaboration. The optimization goals are established for minimizing the logistical cost and layout area in the model. A combined algorithm of differential evolution and nondominated sequencing genetic II is applied, which effectively enhances the poor diversity and convergence of the mainstream optimization method when solving this model. The benchmark tests and validation proved that our approach yields excellent convergence and distribution performance. The case study verifies that the safe layout model is valid and our approach can generate a safe layout in order to optimize economics and safety.

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Куприков, М., M. Kuprikov, Л. Маркин, and Leonid Markin. "Geometric Aspects of Aircraft Automated Layout Design." Geometry & Graphics 6, no. 3 (November 14, 2018): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bc45cbccfbe67.89281424.

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In this paper have been considered questions related to automation of the layout for products with high layout density (primarily means of transport). It has been demonstrated how an aircraft’s geometric shape is formed on the basis of infrastructural and layout constraints. Influences of aerodynamic and internal layouts on the aircraft’s geometric shape have been described, taking into account mass-inertia characteristics of units placed in it. The layout’s reverse problem (when a required layout space is initial data for the aircraft’s geometric shape under hard infrastructure restrictions) has been presented. A project task of finding the rational parameters for the aircraft’s geometric shape as the task of multi-criterion discrete optimization has been described in a generalized form. It has been demonstrated that this task can be formulated as a search for the vector of design parameters as a multitude of admissible variants for design-and-engineering solutions. In the paper has been described a physical task formulation for automated layout as a system of restrictions on objects allocation indoor (required orientation, mutual compatibility, serviceability etc.). Mathematical task formulation for automated layout as the optimization problem has been described too. Since the allocation task is a classical geometric problem, it is necessary to develop appropriate geometric models for its solving. It has been shown that this process’s complexity is due to the complexity related to computer representation of information about geometric shape for layout objects of modern transport, especially the aerospace one. In this paper it has been shown that the abundance of models used in modern applied geometry and allowing describe geometric shapes for objects of any complexity, does not provide any solution for automated layout tasks. Possibilities of modern software have been also shown, and the reasons not allowing its direct use in the tasks of automated layout have been proved. The layout task’s mathematical formulation has been described as an optimization problem, specifying its objective function, limitations and efficiency criteria. Has been justified an approach (receptor methods and apparatus of normal equations) allowing, while creating geometric models for the automated layout, go from exhaustive options for allocation of layout objects to intellectual algorithms for automated allocation As has been shown in the paper, fractal theory is a good mathematical tool for study of rigid bodies’ surface geometry and mechanisms influencing on the obtaining surface structure.

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Meghana, G. S., Sheetal Kochrekar, and Poornima Venkatasubramanian. "Layout Automation Techniques to Optimize Time-to-Market Factor." EAI Endorsed Transactions on Cloud Systems 5, no. 15 (July 16, 2019): 162216. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-7-2019.162216.

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Jangkrajarng, Nuttorn, Sambuddha Bhattacharya, Roy Hartono, and C. J. Richard Shi. "IPRAIL—intellectual property reuse-based analog IC layout automation." Integration 36, no. 4 (November 2003): 237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2003.08.004.

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Saif, Sherif M., Mohamed Dessouky, M. Watheq El-Kharashi, Hazem Abbas, and Salwa Nassar. "A Platform for Placement of Analog Integrated Circuits Using Satisfiability Modulo Theories." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 25, no. 05 (February 25, 2016): 1650047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661650047x.

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Satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) is an area concerned with checking the satisfiability of logical formulas over one or more theories. SMT can be well tuned to solve several of the most intriguing problems in electronic design automation (EDA). Analog placers use physical constraints to automatically generate small sections of layout. The work presented in this paper shows that SMT solvers can be used for the automation of analog placement, given some physical constraints. We propose a tool that uses Microsoft Z3 SMT solver to find valid placement solutions for the given analog blocks. Accordingly, it generates multiple layouts that fulfill some given constraints and provides a variety of alternative layouts. The user has the option to choose one of the feasible solutions. The proposed system uses the quantifier-free linear real arithmetic (QFLRA), which makes the problem decidable. The proposed system is able to generate valid placement solutions for benchmarks. For benchmarks that have many constraints and few geometries, the proposed system achieves a speedup that is 10 times faster than other recently used approaches.

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Nazarov, Mihail, Evgeny Kiselev, and Aleksey Popovich. "Using of machine parts abstract elements in nc-programs developing for the cnc machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822404002.

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Described questions of automation for the process-layout preparation with using of workpieces abstract elements in NC programming. Presented views of various elements parts workpieces and algorithms of functioning of the automated CAM-system.

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Manganaro, G. "Genetic algorithms for VLSI design, layout, and test automation [Reviews]." IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine 16, no. 2 (March 2000): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcd.2000.833032.

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KUPRIKOV, Mikhail Yu, and Leonid V. MARKIN. "Method of formalizing the layout of the internal compartments of aircraft." INCAS BULLETIN 11, S (August 1, 2019): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.s.14.

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The mathematical formulation of the aircraft’s internal layout problem is described as an optimization problem, with an indication of its objective function, constraints, and performance criteria. The approach (receptor methods and apparatus of normal equations) is justified, which makes it possible to move from enumeration method of placing added objects to intelligent algorithms of automated placement when creating geometric models of automated layout. It was shown that preparing the aircraft for layout automation complicates the mathematical description of geometric models of added objects, increases the complexity of their visualization in modern computer graphics systems and makes the need to create an additional interface between new geometric models and common CAD systems (SolidWorks, AutoCAD, COMPAS, etc.).

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Shiller, Zvi. "Optimal Robot Motion Planning and Work-Cell Layout Design." Robotica 15, no. 1 (January 1997): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574797000052.

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This paper describes an interactive software system, developed at the Robotics and Automation Laboratory at UCLA to demonstrate innovative approaches to off-line robot programming and work-cell layout design. The software computes the time-optimal motions along specified paths, local optimal paths around an initial guess, and the global optimal path between given end-points. It considers the full robot dynamics, actuator constraints, on the payload acceleration or the gripping force, and any number of polygonal obstacles of any shape. The graphic displays provide a useful tool for interactive motion planning and workcell design.

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Huang, Tsun Hung, Shui Chuan Chen, Chien Hsin Cheng, and Cheng Yan Wu. "Applying Hilbert Curve in Facilities Layout." Advanced Materials Research 804 (September 2013): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.361.

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Manufacturing product and providing service in a quick and economic way is the common goal of enterprises under the impact of globalization automation. In the methods of lowering cost and increasing productivity, facilities layout is of the most important. How to arrange, distribute and integrate the facilities of an enterprise in order to maximize the performance is particularly important. It is costly and time consuming to rearrange facilities layout after mass production, and largely impact the operation of enterprise negatively. Thus, this study applying Hilbert space filling layout method to reach better space utilization by considering department placement direction, geometry, size, and the order of placement. The proposed model also contemplate material flow factor cost (MFFC), shape ratio factor (SRF), area utilization factor of overall layout, and even the quantified adjacency of departments to derive minimal total layout cost by genetic algorithm. By introduce the model to a real case, we find it suitable for the complex and tedious production and material flow, especially in the small and medium enterprises.

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Evans, Tristan M., Quang Le, Balaji Narayanasamy, Yarui Peng, Fang Luo, and H. Alan Mantooth. "Development of EDA Techniques for Power Module EMI Modeling and Layout Optimization." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 000193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000193.

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Abstract The design of power electronics modules is undergoing renewed interest as new challenges and technologies emerge in the realm of wide bandgap (WBG) power device packaging. In order to meet the demands of these high-speed transistors, novel techniques are required to produce modules with reduced parasitics and noise generation without exceeding the operating temperature of the devices or their packaging materials. Traditionally, power module design has been a highly iterative process—repeatedly reworking and simulating designs using finite element analysis (FEA) tools that require considerable time in terms of both labor and computation. To overcome these issues, an electronic design automation tool (EDA) known as PowerSynth is ongoing in its development toward power module layout synthesis and optimization based on electrical and thermal criteria. In this paper, work to extend the capabilities of PowerSynth to optimize layouts with reduced electromagnetic interference (EMI) is presented. Optimization strategies based on the transfer functions of noise propagation paths are introduced and results showing layouts with reduced noise generation are compared with FEA simulations.

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Daasch, W. Robert, Martine Wedlake, Rolf Schaumann, and Pan Wu. "Automation of the ic layout of continuous-time transconductance-capacitor filters." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 20, no. 3 (May 1992): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cta.4490200306.

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García Barbosa, Jorge Andrés, and Ernesto Córdoba Nieto. "Starting the automation process by using group technology." Ingeniería e Investigación 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v24n3.14605.

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This article describes starting-up an automation process based on applying group technology (GT). Mecanizados CNC, a company making metallurgical sector products, bases the layout (organization and disposition) of its machinery on the concept of manufacturing cells; production is programmed once the best location for the equipment has been determined. The order of making products and suitable setting up of tools for the machinery in the cells is established, aimed at minimizing set up leading to achieving 15% improvement in productivity.

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Yi, Hwang. "User-driven automation for optimal thermal-zone layout during space programming phases." Architectural Science Review 59, no. 4 (April 2, 2015): 279–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2015.1021747.

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Kumar, S., and R. Singh. "Automation of strip-layout design for sheet metal work on progressive die." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 195, no. 1-3 (January 2008): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.119.

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Chou, Yon-Chun. "A theoretical framework for automatic layout of machining fixtures." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 6, no. 2 (May 1992): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002997.

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Fixtures are used in almost all manufacturing operations. They take on many different forms, ranging from simple mechanical vises to modular fixtures to specialized fixtures. For cylindrical parts or simple prismatic parts, automatic design of fixtures is feasible. However, for parts of irregular shape such as castings or forged parts, the automation of fixture design is a complex problem. In this paper we address the problem of fixture layout for parts of complicated shape. Issues related to automatic design such as completeness, soundness, and computing efficiency are first discussed. A theoretical framework based on algebraic formulations is developed which models human reasoning employed for workpiece restraint. These formulations will ensure the completeness and soundness of the design methodology. They also provide a mechanism for constraint propagation in the design space. Finally, the generality of the framework is discussed.

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Irani, Shahrukh, Jin Zhou, and Heng Huang. "A Pattern Recognition Approach for Manufacturing Facility Compaction by Machining Function Combination Using Flexible Manufacturing Modules." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 125, no. 4 (November 1, 2003): 740–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1596558.

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Facility layout and flexible automation are two approaches for reduction of material handling costs and space requirements in a machining facility that have always been implemented independently of each other. This paper describes an integrated approach to compaction of existing machining facilities using machine grouping algorithms and multi-function machining centers, also referred to as Flexible Machining Modules (FMMs). First, we decompose a facility into a network of layout modules to reduce product travel distances and simplify material flow control. Then, subject to design feasibility, we identify those sets of machines in each module that could be replaced by multi-function FMMs that could be linked into a Flexible Machining System (FMS). The proposed approach uses a combination of pattern recognition and graph theory algorithms utilized for facility layout. The paper concludes with a description of a validation study conducted in an aerospace machining jobshop.

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Chan, Ivan W. M., Martyn Pinfold, C. K. Kwong, and W. H. Szeto. "Automation and optimisation of Family Mould Cavity and Runner Layout Design (FMCRLD) using genetic algorithms and mould layout design grammars." Computer-Aided Design 47 (February 2014): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2013.10.006.

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Маркин and Leonid Markin. "The Ways to Create Geometric Patterns Automated Layout." Geometry & Graphics 3, no. 1 (April 17, 2015): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10460.

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Improving the quality of products associated with improving the quality of their design, which is achieved by using modern information technologies. Considering the high density layout of a modern transport technology, is an urgent development of mathematical software and automated layout system. The basis for the creation of mathematical development and software development need the steps to geometric modeling as placed objects, and the allocating process. The article discusses the layout automation products with a high density layout (especially means of transport). Since the problem of accommodation is a classical geometrical problem, then it is necessary to develop solutions appropriate geometric models. The article describes the main types of geometric models describing the shape of composable objects, their classification and application. We describe an automated layout problem as a problem of placement of a certain group of objects of specified sizes and shapes in a confined space. The paper shows that with an abundance of models used in modern applied geometry, allowing to describe the geometric shape of objects of any complexity, their use in computer-aided layout does not provide a solution to the problem of automated layout. The article shows the possibilities of modern software and reasons that do not allow its direct use in tasks of automated layout. The mathematical formulation of the problem as a layout optimization problem, indicating its objective function, constraints and performance criteria. An approach (unit normal equations), which allows the creation of geometric models of automated layout, move from exhaustive search of accommodation options composable objects to intelligent automated placement algorithms.

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Verbytskyi, S. T., and Yu T. Verbytskyi. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(11)2011, no. 2(11) (September 20, 2011): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2011.02.035.

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Shows the short history of seismological observations in the Carpathian region, the necessity of improving the seismic equipment and automation of processing the data. Is the list of existing seismic stations, their equipment and basic parameters layout. Given a list of problems to be solved by using materials obtained seismological observations. Shows the main directions of modernization of the hardware receive seismic information, communications and software.

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AHMED, HASSAN M., and FAWAD RAUF. "PARALLEL, LOCALLY CONNECTED ALGORITHMS FOR NONLINEAR ADAPTIVE FILTERING." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 04, no. 01 (March 1993): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156493000066.

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A new adaptive modular realization for nonlinear filters is presented whereby construction is both computationally efficient and readily implemented. The proposed layered structure consists of locally connected, locally adapted linear filters. Modularity and local connectivity make efficient VLSI layout easy and amenable to automation. The layered structure is based on "state dependent embedding", a new approach to the design of series based nonlinear adaptive filters.

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Kim, Minguk, Han-Guk Ryu, and Tae Wan Kim. "A Typology Model of Temporary Facility Constraints for Automated Construction Site Layout Planning." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031027.

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This study sought to develop a typology model of temporary facility constraints that can be used practically in construction site layout planning (CSLP) automation models. A triangulated methodology (literature review, in-depth interviews, and actual case studies) was used to identify constraints of 11 temporary facilities that are considered mainly in CSLP and to classify them into six constraint types (i.e., dimensional, regional, relocation, non-overlap, inter-facility distance, and visibility constraints) and seven subtypes. In addition, this study proposed computational modeling methods that would allow a computer to judge whether or not the constraints are met by a created construction site layout. This study contributes to CSLP theory by providing a typology model of temporary facilities that can be used in the model-based verification of the created construction site layout and constraint processing condition in CSLP optimization models. This would also help provide efficient, safe, and eco-friendly construction site management, while refraining from experience- and intuition-centered CSLP practices.

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Ahn, Sang Un, Jeongheon Kim, Heejune Han, Seung Hee Lee, and Heejun Yoon. "The first disk-based custodial storage for the ALICE experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 02051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125102051.

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We proposed a disk-based custodial storage as an alternative to tape for the ALICE experiment at CERN to preserve its raw data. The proposed storage system relies on Redundant Array of Independent Nodes (RAIN) layout – the implementation of erasure coding in the EOS storage suite, which is developed by CERN – for data protection and takes full advantage of high-density Just-Bunch-Of-Disks (JBOD) enclosures to maximize storage capacity as well as to achieve cost-effectiveness comparable to tape. The system we present provides 18 PB of total raw capacity from the 18 set of high-density JBOD enclosures attached to 9 EOS front-end servers. In order to balance between usable space and data protection, the system will stripe a file into 16 chunks on the 4-parity enabled RAIN layout configured on top of 18 containerized EOS FSTs. Although the reduction rate of available space increases up to 33:3% with this layout, the estimated annual data loss rate drops down to 8:6 × 10−5%. In this paper, we discuss the system architecture of the disk-based custodial storage, 4-parity RAIN layout, deployment automation, and the integration to the ALICE experiment in detail.

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Reul, Christian, Dennis Christ, Alexander Hartelt, Nico Balbach, Maximilian Wehner, Uwe Springmann, Christoph Wick, Christine Grundig, Andreas Büttner, and Frank Puppe. "OCR4all—An Open-Source Tool Providing a (Semi-)Automatic OCR Workflow for Historical Printings." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 13, 2019): 4853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224853.

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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on historical printings is a challenging task mainly due to the complexity of the layout and the highly variant typography. Nevertheless, in the last few years, great progress has been made in the area of historical OCR, resulting in several powerful open-source tools for preprocessing, layout analysis and segmentation, character recognition, and post-processing. The drawback of these tools often is their limited applicability by non-technical users like humanist scholars and in particular the combined use of several tools in a workflow. In this paper, we present an open-source OCR software called OCR4all, which combines state-of-the-art OCR components and continuous model training into a comprehensive workflow. While a variety of materials can already be processed fully automatically, books with more complex layouts require manual intervention by the users. This is mostly due to the fact that the required ground truth for training stronger mixed models (for segmentation, as well as text recognition) is not available, yet, neither in the desired quantity nor quality. To deal with this issue in the short run, OCR4all offers a comfortable GUI that allows error corrections not only in the final output, but already in early stages to minimize error propagations. In the long run, this constant manual correction produces large quantities of valuable, high quality training material, which can be used to improve fully automatic approaches. Further on, extensive configuration capabilities are provided to set the degree of automation of the workflow and to make adaptations to the carefully selected default parameters for specific printings, if necessary. During experiments, the fully automated application on 19th Century novels showed that OCR4all can considerably outperform the commercial state-of-the-art tool ABBYY Finereader on moderate layouts if suitably pretrained mixed OCR models are available. Furthermore, on very complex early printed books, even users with minimal or no experience were able to capture the text with manageable effort and great quality, achieving excellent Character Error Rates (CERs) below 0.5%. The architecture of OCR4all allows the easy integration (or substitution) of newly developed tools for its main components by standardized interfaces like PageXML, thus aiming at continual higher automation for historical printings.

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LaFerriere, Kevin, Jessica Stevens, and Ryan Flamand NuScale. "Small Modular Reactor Human-System Interface and Control Room Layout Design." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631102.

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The NuScale Small Modular Reactor (SMR) is premised on well-established nuclear technology principles with a focus on integration of components, simplification or elimination of systems, automation, and use of passive safety features. Traditional nuclear power plants have in some cases operated up to four modules from a single control room. Due to the unique nontraditional operating characteristics of this technology a state-of-the art control room design was needed to ensure proper staffing totals for monitoring and control of multiple modules (twelve) from a single control room. To accomplish this, the human system interface and control room layout must translate the functional and task requirements needed for safe operation of the plant into the detailed design of workstations, alarms, controls, navigation, and other needs of the control room operations staff.

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Stamenkovic, Z., V. Petrovic, and G. Schoof. "Fault-tolerant ASIC: Design and implementation." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 26, no. 3 (2013): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1303175s.

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The paper presents fault-tolerant CMOS ASICs which are immune to the single event upsets (SEU), the single event transients (SET), and the single event latchup (SEL). Triple and double modular redundant (TMR and DMR) circuits and SEL protection switches (SPS) make the base for a modified fault-tolerant ASIC design flow. The proposed design flow requires the standard design automation tools and a few additional steps during logic synthesis and layout generation. An extra step is necessary to generate the redundant design net-list including voters. Other two extra steps (definition of the redundant power domains and placement of the SPS) have to be performed in the layout phase. The concept has been proven by design and implementation of the two digital circuits: shift-register and synchronous counter.

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Di Filippo, Giustiniano, Luciano Manzon, and Paolo Maschio. "An Integrated Steel Workshop for Shipbuilding: A Real Application of Automation." Journal of Ship Production 14, no. 04 (November 1, 1998): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1998.14.4.225.

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The paper describes the layout of an innovative automated steel workshop for the manufacturing of ship blocks, recently set up at Fincantieri's Monfalcone Shipyard. The system implements the results of a European EUREKA! research program called FASP -Flexible Automation in Ship Prefabrication. The various working areas of the shop are described; for each of the new technologies being applied, the level of automation and integration with the other areas is discussed; the advantages obtained are compared with the best typical standards of a traditional production workshop. Inside a fully automated workshop, the information support must have a high integration and flexibility level. The two main issues relevant to information technology are described, i.e., :the modular and integrated systems for the design, part program generation and transmission; andthe production programming, management and control system.

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Sroka, Zbigniew J., Marek Kulazynski, and Paweł Kawalilo. "The Project of Automation of Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as an Additive for Diesel Fuel." Advanced Materials Research 590 (November 2012): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.590.68.

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As petroleum fuels are getting higher in price day after day. I is important to search for an alternative fuel as crude oil will not last forever specially in this high economical and industrial progress. In a parallel way engineers and scientists are searching for additives for the current known fuel until they find the best alternative fuel which has to fulfill the pollution and technical requirements. One of the solution is to implement the idea of downsizing engine fuelled with alternative biodiesel - in this case manufactured by the transestrification by using microwave heating. The process needs automation to keep control for manufacturing efficiency and quality of fuel properties. Authors show the automation layout and present equipment of test stand. There is short summary of combustion engine emission tests, too.

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Liu, Yu Mei. "Plastic Parts Die Design Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 956–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.956.

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The design of embedded a plastic mould design, make the mould can achieve the required by the plastic parts processing technology, and realizing automation production to increase production. Through to the analysis of the plastic parts for process, the general design of the mould structure, including sure cavity layout, sure pouring system, determine the parting surface and ejector institutions and pull the lever for design, cooling system, the design of the vents, in order to design a complete mold assembly drawing.

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Valiev, Shamil K., and Igor A. Dubrov. "Innovative simulators for automation and telemechanics systems." Innotrans, no. 1 (2020): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2311-164x-2020-1-46-50.

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The article deals with the issues of training in educational institutions and enterprises of railway transport using simulators built on the basis of real actual equipment of railway automation and telemechanics, and virtual simulators that simulate the operation of real equipment by analog or digital modeling. Advantages and disadvantages of real and virtual simulators are considered. The directions for their further improvement are indicated. One of the directions is the development of innovative simulators that combine real equipment and its virtual environment in one laboratory layout. The first innovative simulator at the Department of “Automation, telemechanics and communication on railway transport” is the automated workplace of the train dispatcher. Further improvement of innovative simulators is the development and implementation in the laboratory of station systems of automation and telemechanics of the department of the set of remote fault assignment with an automated workplace of the teacher. The article describes the structural flowcharts of the remote fault assignment set and its main blocks. Innovative simulators also include a simulator of the train passing through the control section KTSM-02, which allows to simulate the operation of floor sensors in the same sequence as when passing a real train. The article describes a virtual simulator, which includes a laboratory model for the study of neutral electromagnetic relays in 3D. Advantages of integrating innovative simulators with virtual educational environment of the University are indicated.

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Akhmetov, L. M., D. I. Bikov, M. R. Khamidullin, G. A. Gareeva, and G. K. Gabdullina. "Development of a system for analyzing and unloading road traffic using artificial intelligence." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/3/032036.

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Abstract Every year, the growth rate of cars in Russia will continue to grow, which makes it extremely difficult to organize road traffic. To solve this problem, innovations in the automotive industry, such as smart traffic lights, are needed to more effectively regulate traffic on public roads. Therefore, an urgent issue is the development of a system for analyzing and unloading road traffic to improve the situation at intersections and subsequent automation through the introduction of artificial intelligence. The Arduino Uno was chosen as the layout for the organization of a smart traffic light.

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Wu, T. J., Pei Huang Lou, and Z. G. Man. "A New Approach for Automation of Locating Planning of Workpiece." Key Engineering Materials 458 (December 2010): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.48.

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Fixtures are used to locate and constrain firmly a workpiece during machining operation. Flexible and efficient fixturing has become an important issue in flexible manufacturing systems and computer integrated manufacturing system. Locating planning is the basis of the fixturing design, which has a direct influence on the quality of the clamping scheme and the machining quality of workpiece. This paper presents a new approach for locating planning of workpiece. Firstly, it will automatically select the primary locating surfaces with consideration of 5 influence factors: constraint freedoms, surface feature, valid locating area, tolerance relationship and surface roughness. Then the other locating surfaces are determined by retrieving similar workpieces under the guideline of 4 locating methods which will make the best of already available locating planning. Finally the optimal locator layout is fast achieved with GA with the goal of minimal locating tolerance.

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ACITO, Bill. "“A Cross-Domain, System Planning Methodology”." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2018, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 000005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2018.1.000005.

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Abstract Through several decades of electronic product design, three high-level design domains have emerged; IC (SoC) design, package (SiP) design and board (PCB/PWB) design. These three domains are separated and somewhat isolated, based on the EDA tools they use and by domain expertise. In many cases, the design tools come from 2 or 3 different EDA companies, leading to limited or no methods of sharing design data across the three domains. This typically leads to an “over-the-wall” design approach, resulting in downstream layout complexities for the package and board design teams, requiring domain expertise (human in the loop) in these design domains. Typically, this high-level of complexity occurs because the package substrate and board form-factor are not planned and optimized in context of the IC(s). Thus, the automation of these layouts becomes nearly impossible and tremendous human interaction (domain expertise) is the only way to complete the designs cost-effectively. Moreover, this methodology directly impacts time-to-market and results in products that do not live up to cost or performance expectations.

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Delfel, Norman E. "Complete Automation of the Layout and Analysis of Factorial Experiments, Including Preparation of Interaction Tables." American Statistician 40, no. 1 (February 1986): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2683126.

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Mei, Yunhui, Baisen Hao, Yue Chen, Meiyu Wang, Xin Li, and Guo‐Quan Lu. "Efficient layout design automation for multi‐chip SiC modules targeting small footprint and low parasitic." IET Power Electronics 13, no. 10 (August 2020): 2069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2019.1345.

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Mamedov, Javanshir F., Gurban S. Abdullaev, Gyulnara G. Gengeliyeva, and Elmira A. Nasirova. "Automation of the stages of designing the layout diagram of the production line for technopark." System research and information technologies, no. 3 (October 16, 2018): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/srit.2308-8893.2018.3.03.

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Steane, Tyler Nicholas Edward, and PJ Radcliffe. "Novel Display and Control for IoT-Based Home Automation." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v8n1.234.

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Home automation systems have long been dependent on a permanent central controller, which has many problems, but a significant barrier to eliminating this controller is its ability to supply user interfaces to display the status of devices and control them. This paper proposes a novel protocol which allows any device or several devices, such as a smartphone, to control many devices from any manufacturer in one application in a plug-and-play manner without a central controller. Current approaches to home automation do not offer this functionality, requiring many applications from many manufacturers. The proposed novel protocol uses a standardised dictionary of UI elements and a minimalist XML device description that describes not only the UI layout for a device but also the device’s capabilities and the control procedures for the device. This light-weight all-in-one XML description is a novel combination of display, capabilities, and control and is ideal for the highly contested domestic 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi space. This is achieved without the need for a permanent central controller or an Internet connection and together with other protocols allows the elimination of the permanent central controller.

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Ji, Shou Wen, Xi Wu, Yun Fei Wang, and Gang Su. "Study on Optimization of Cargo Space Allocation Based on Jointown Pharmaceutical Logistics Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.83.

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With the rapid development of modern logistics technology and automation of information technology, the AS/RS has been more and more widely used in the field of medicine logistics. In order to more effectively manage AS/RS, improve the rationality of the layout, reduce the number of goods handling and storage costs, it demands to optimize the cargo space allocation for goods .This article adopts multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve the optimization problem of cargo space allocation modeling, and use Jointown pharmaceutical logistics center as an example to further verify the analysis, getting the ideal optimization results and the simulation image.

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Turisová, Renata, and Jozef Svetlík. "The Structural of the Basic Module for Construction of Modular Machines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 613 (August 2014): 434–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.613.434.

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The current situation in the field of automation requires increasingly sophisticated flexible and adaptive solutions. Construction of modular machinery appears to be an effective tool to meet these requirements. Solution of design layout module with rotary motion linkage is designed for machines with unlimited rotary motion, based primarily on a modular concept. The main advantage of the proposed system is the possibility to compile from one module type the machines with different movement possibilities and degrees of freedom of movement for unrestricted use of the possibility of rotation of two adjacent modules, each associated rotary motion linkage.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Layout automation'

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