Journal articles: 'Laying in the ground'

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Davis, Crystal U. "Laying New Ground." Journal of Dance Education 18, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2018.1481965.

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Charles, J. "The Lunar Rover Initiative: breaking ground, laying foundations." IEEE Expert 10, no. 6 (December 1995): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/64.483006.

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Peric, Jovo, Milanka Drinic, and Nenad Micic. "Fatty acids in feed of laying hens on the production parameters and the ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 35, no. 4 (2019): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1904377p.

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Enriching table eggs with certain nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids is an ongoing topic. Therefore, the aforementioned research was carried out with the aim of examining the possibility of feeding laying hens with ground flax seed, flax cake and flaxseed oil and their influence on the ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids of table eggs, as well as on certain production parameters. The experiment was set up in a production facility with 192 consuming laying hens 27 weeks old. The laying hens were divided into 4 groups: control group; group fed with flax cake (10%) + flax oil (2%); a group fed with 5% ground flax and a group fed with 10% ground flax. Each group had 8 cages with 6 laying hens, a total of 48 laying hens per group. The production parameters presented in this paper are as follows: number of eggs per laying hen , egg weight and yolk weight. Egg quality indicators were determined at the end of the 5th and 10th week from the start of the experiment, namely: pH of egg white and yolk, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids ratio, as well as omega-3 and omega-3 fatty acids ratio. The results of the study showed that the inclusion of flax cake, flax oil and ground flaxseed had no negative effects on the shown production parameters and that there was a positive effect of these nutrients on the ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in table eggs.

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Lynch, Lisa, and Brenda Happell. "Implementing clinical supervision: Part 1: Laying the ground work." International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 17, no. 1 (January 16, 2008): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2007.00511.x.

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Diethrich, Edward B. "Breaking Ground: Laying the Foundation for the Next Decade ofJEVT." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 11, no. 6 (December 2004): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1583/04-1418.1.

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Masehela, Langutani, and Clever Ndebele. "Laying the Ground Work: Setting up a Student Mentoring Programme." International Journal of Educational Sciences 15, no. 3 (October 2016): 517–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09751122.2016.11890562.

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KOLCHEDANTSEV, L. M., I. M. CHAKHKIEV, and Ya S. MOVSHOVICH. "Advantages of the Trenchless Method of Laying Fiber-Optic Cableinto the Ground By a Cable-Laying Machine." Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo, no. 4 (2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-4-23-30.

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Doroshenko, Ya V., V. A. Kucheriaviy, N. M. Andriishyn, S. M. Stetsiuk, and Yu M. Levkovych. "Modern Technologies of the Construction of Field Oil-and-Gas Pipelines." Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, no. 3(72) (September 30, 2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2019-3(72)-19-31.

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Foreign experience in the construction of industrial pipelines of flexible composite pipes for the transportation of hydrocarbons is considered. The expediency of using such pipes in the gas-oil complex of Ukraine is substantiated. The designs of flexible composite pipes are described, a brief description of their construction materials is given, the advantages of these pipes over steel ones are considered. The largest manufacturers of flexible composite pipes are listed and the technical specifications of their products are indicated. Schemes and methods for laying flexible composite pipelines are considered. The technology of preparing flexible composite pipes for transportation is described and the means used for handling are given. The requirements as to trenching for laying single and multi-stranded flexible composite pipelines are described. The article presents the technologies and tools used to unwind flexible composite pipes from reels and coils before laying them. The methods of connecting flexible composite pipes to each other and to technological equipment, steel pipes, and Xmas-trees are analyzed. The designs of union fittings are considered and the technology of their installation is described. The authors consider methods, technologies and requirements for laying flexible composite pipelines in a trench, their ground laying and laying at the point where the flexible composite pipe exits to the ground for attachment to a steel pipe or technological equipment. The article presents the features of laying flexible composite pipelines through highways, water barriers and swamps by both trench and trenchless technologies, features of trenchless reconstruction of defective, worn steel pipelines with flexible composite pipes, and features of pigging flexible composite pipes and their trying out.

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Ockendon, Nancy, Dave Leech, and James W. Pearce-Higgins. "Climatic effects on breeding grounds are more important drivers of breeding phenology in migrant birds than carry-over effects from wintering grounds." Biology Letters 9, no. 6 (December 23, 2013): 20130669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0669.

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Long-distance migrants may be particularly vulnerable to climate change on both wintering and breeding grounds. However, the relative importance of climatic variables at different stages of the annual cycle is poorly understood, even in well-studied Palaearctic migrant species. Using a national dataset spanning 46 years, we investigate the impact of wintering ground precipitation and breeding ground temperature on breeding phenology and clutch size of 19 UK migrants. Although both spring temperature and arid zone precipitation were significantly correlated with laying date, the former accounted for 3.5 times more inter-annual variation. Neither climate variable strongly affected clutch size. Thus, although carry-over effects had some impact, they were weaker drivers of reproductive traits than conditions on the breeding grounds.

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Wang, Xing Ju, Xiao Ming Xi, Gui Feng Gao, and Jin Jie Chen. "A Decision Making Model of Laying Mode of Urban Rail Transit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.664.

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This study develops a blocked cost model of urban rail transit, which is applied to determine laying mode of urban rail transit. In addition, this model focuses on the laying mode choice of urban rail transit by using quantitative analysis, which is previously discussed by using qualitative analysis. The case of Line No. 1 of Shijiazhuang urban rail transit is given to demonstrate the blocked cost. The results show that the cost of urban rail transit on the ground is 0.372 billion RMB per km and the cost of urban rail transit underground is 1.79 billion RMB per km. The mode on the ground is the best solution due to its low cost. But by analyzing and evaluating generalized cost in which blocked cost has been considered, the mode of urban railway transit underground is the best choice due to 1.79 billion RMB per km compared to 1.91 billion RMB per km on the ground.

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Shi, Shuo Mang. "Laying the Ground of Indoor Restrooms by Using Foam Glass and Waterproof Coating." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.260.

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This article presents a new design of waterproof ground for rest rooms in basements by using new materials and new combination. First use cement mortar to paste the waterproof and heat resistance foam glass furring bricks which have low density and high strength on the ground. Then use silicon sealant to fill the gap between the bricks. Roll brush the multifunctional transparent elastic waterproof coating pure acrylic JQ - 168 on the bricks as surface. The combination of the two formed a sealed waterproof ground in indoor restrooms with certain strength and toughness. So this kind of ground surface can have stable and reliable waterproof function when in face of the situation that groundwater upwelling through fissures in concrete created by resistless damage like earthquake and so on.

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FITZSIMMONS, R. C., MARK NEWCOMBE, and I. E. MOUL. "THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF FEEDING GROUND AND WHOLE COTTONSEED TO LAYING HENS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 2 (June 1, 1989): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-047.

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Laying hens were fed diets containing 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20% whole or ground cottonseed. Birds fed the 15 and 20% ground cottonseed diets rapidly reduced voluntary feed intake and, as a result, suffered a loss in both body weight and egg production. The severity of the dietary effects of cottonseed on productivity and mottled yolks was positively correlated with the level of cottonseed and gossypol in the diet. Egg yolk discoloration was assessed both visually on fresh yolks and using a time exposure to ammonia fumes. Discoloration was easier to detect using the ammonia test. In all cases, egg yolk discoloration was no longer apparent after a maximum of 42 d of feeding a commercial diet. Key words: Cottonseed, gossypol, laying hen, yolk mottling, egg production, feed intake

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Isobe, Miwa. "Language Variation and Child Language Acquisition: Laying Ground for Evaluating Parametric Proposals." Language Acquisition 15, no. 3 (July 9, 2008): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10489220802142532.

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Blok, Vincent. "What Is (Business) Management? Laying the Ground for a Philosophy of Management." Philosophy of Management 19, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40926-019-00126-9.

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AbstractIn this article, we philosophically reflect on the nature of business management. We move beyond the political paradigm of the conceptualization of management in order to lay the ground for a philosophy of business management. First, we open-up the self-evident conceptualization of business management in contemporary management practices by comparing ancient and contemporary definitions of management. Second, we develop a framework with six dimensions of the nature of business management that can guide future philosophical and empirical work on the nature of business management: management control, people management, asset management and entrepreneurial action, management as participation, management as responsive action and management as constituting meaning.

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Zhou, Qiaojun, Xudong Xia, Jian Wang, Yun Zhou, and Jianneng Chen. "Design and Experiment of the Automatic Laying System for Rice Seedling Tray." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070679.

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In the process of raising rice seedlings, it is necessary to manually place the seedling trays one by one in the seedling field, which is labor intensive and low in efficiency. In order to solve this problem, according to the actual conditions of the rice seedling field, this paper designs and develops an automatic rice tray laying system, which consists of a gantry truss moving unit, a tray laying trolley unit, a tray laying mechanism unit and a sensor control unit. Through the movement and timing coordination of the cams in the laying mechanism unit, four actions of holding, clamping, laying and restoring are designed to realize the orderly and automatic laying of the stacked seedling trays one by one. In order to meet the agronomic requirements of the horizontal and vertical spacing of seeding trays, especially the efficiency of rice tray laying, the control strategies of the key parts of the system were simulated, selected and optimized. For the longitudinal movement of the gantry truss, the cross-coupling control strategy is adopted to realize the detection and compensation correction of the synchronous position error of the two driving motors. As for the drive motor of the laying trolley and the laying mechanism, the optimized master-slave follow-up control method is adopted to improve the efficiency and accuracy. The results of simulation and field experiment show that when the tray trolley moves on the gantry truss at the speed of 7.5 cm/s, the gantry truss moves at the speed of 35 cm/s in the longitudinal direction, and when the height of the tray laying mechanism is 100 mm from the ground and the motor speed is 375 rpm, the horizontal spacing of the tray can be maintained at 25 ± 5 mm and the vertical spacing at 15 ± 5 mm. The efficiency of tray laying can be increased by 35.7%, up to 380 trays/h, meeting the technical requirements of mechanized field tray laying.

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LEESON, S., and J. D. SUMMERS. "RESPONSE OF WHITE LEGHORNS TO DIETS CONTAINING GROUND OR WHOLE TRITICALE." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 2 (June 1, 1987): 583–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-060.

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Growing leghorn pullets and laying hens were fed diets containing triticale as the sole cereal source. Body weight of pullets was not affected (P > 0.05) by up to 70% dietary inclusion of triticale. When layer diets contained 70% whole or ground triticale in place of corn, egg production was depressed (P < 0.05) while birds consumed more feed (P < 0.05). The feed intake effect is discussed in relation to the energy value of triticale. Key words: Triticale, pullets

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Hassandoust, Farkhondeh, and Antonio Díaz Andrade. "Project Tango: Building a team, laying ground rules and managing communications with stakeholders." Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases 10, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043886920912759.

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Project management is a mix of both science and art. It is a science because project managers need to estimate and manage time and cost. It is an art because they should ensure that all team members are in sync, while stakeholders are efficiently projecting the point across without communication gaps. It has been long recognised that developing nontechnical (i.e. ‘soft’) skills of project managers and team members plays a critical role in the success of any project regardless of industry. Such skills reflect the leadership skills of project managers, which typically fall under the knowledge areas of project resource management, project communications management and project stakeholder management. Even though there are many strategies for improving soft skills in a project team, the challenges in implementing these strategies are not often discussed. Recognition of the significance of these aspects is not novel, yet most project management studies are focused on the technical (i.e. ‘hard’) skills of project management. This teaching case aims to bridge this gap by inviting students to reflect on how soft skills can make a difference throughout the project lifecycle. The case is about a mobile telecommunication network upgrade project in New Zealand. Despite being completed on time, on budget and at the agreed scope, the project was never implemented due to the acquisition of the client by a larger telecommunications company, which had other strategic priorities. The focus of the teaching case is on leadership skills and communication management in projects.

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Omri, Besma, Raja Chalghoumi, Luana Izzo, Alberto Ritieni, Massimo Lucarini, Alessandra Durazzo, Hédi Abdouli, and Antonello Santini. "Effect of Dietary Incorporation of Linseed Alone or Together with Tomato-Red Pepper Mix on Laying Hens’ Egg Yolk Fatty Acids Profile and Health Lipid Indexes." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040813.

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This study evaluated the effect of linseed incorporation in laying hens’ feed (alone or along with a tomato-red pepper mix) on laying hens’ egg yolk fatty acids profile, as well as on their atherogenic (IA) and thrombogenic (IT) health lipid indexes, and the ratio between the hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH). Sixty 27 weeks-old Novogen White laying hens were divided into three groups and given 100 g/hen/day of a standard diet (Control, C) containing 4.5% of ground linseed (Linseed diet, L), containing 1% of dried tomato paste and 1% sweet red pepper (Lineseeds-Tomato-Pepper, LTP). The linseed dietary inclusion significantly reduced the egg yolk content of palmitic acid from 25.41% (C) to 23.43% (L) and that of stearic acid from 14.75% (C) to 12.52% (L). Feeding 4.5% ground linseed did not affect the egg yolk content of α-Linolenic acid but significantly increased the egg yolk concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from 0.011% (C) to 0.047% (L) and that of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 1.94% (C) to 2.73% (L). The IA and the HH were not affected (p > 0.05) by the dietary addition of linseed, whereas the IT decreased (p < 0.05) from 1.16 (C) to 0.86 (L). Adding tomato-sweet red pepper mix to the linseed-supplemented feed did not affect the measured parameters as compared to the linseed dietary treatment.

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Elchuk, C. L., and K. L. Wiebe. "Home-range size of northern flickers (Colaptes auratus) in relation to habitat and parental attributes." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 954–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-077.

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Energetic requirements during the breeding season and environmental factors such as food abundance and habitat quality may influence spatial use of the landscape by adult birds. We determined home-range and core-area sizes for 52 adult northern flickers (Colaptes auratus) during the brood-rearing period in 1999 and 2000 in British Columbia. We examined the relationship between home-range size and correlates of energetic demands (age, sex, body size, brood size, nest density, laying attempt). We also examined the association between vegetation type at the landscape scale and ground-cover characteristics at the foraging scale with home-range size, core-area size, and maximum distance flown from the nest to forage. Mean home-range size was 25 ha, with a mean core area of 7 ha. Home-range size was positively related to laying attempt and nearest neighbour distance. No significant relationships were found at the landscape level between vegetation type and home-range size or between ground-cover characteristics and core-area size. However, flickers flew farther to forage in home ranges with tall vegetation and bare ground. Home-range size of flickers may be related to both energetic demands on the adults and on the spatial arrangement of quality foraging patches around the nest site.

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Silenkova, Aleksandra, and Pavel Shustov. "FEATURES OF APPLICATION OF METHODS OF LOWERING THE GROUNDWATER LEVEL IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR OF ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS." Scientific Papers Collection of the Angarsk State Technical University 2020, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-7788-2020-1-176-182.

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The construction of buildings and structures, as well as the laying of engineering networks, often accompanied by a series of measures to reduce the level of ground (underground) waters. The article discusses the main methods of lowering the groundwater level, with the aim of choosing the optimal and rational method of work during the repair or reconstruction of utilities.

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Umar Faruk, M., I. Bouvarel, S. Mallet, M. N. Ali, H. M. Tukur, Y. Nys, and P. Lescoat. "Is sequential feeding of whole wheat more efficient than ground wheat in laying hens?" Animal 5, no. 2 (2011): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731110001837.

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Sies, H. "Use of Isolated Liver Perfusion in Metabolic Studies: Ground-laying Work in Experimental Hepatology." Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 49, no. 06 (June 2011): 737–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1273392.

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Trudel, Richard, Robert Lavallée, and Éric Bauce. "GONADAL DEVELOPMENT AND EGG-LAYING RESPONSE OF FEMALE WHITE PINE WEEVILS REARED ON ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL DIETS." Canadian Entomologist 130, no. 2 (April 1998): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent130201-2.

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AbstractReproductive processes in female Pissodes strobi (Peck) fed with a 5% ground bark artificial diet following summer emergence were studied. Females exposed to different temperature and photoperiod regimes were dissected every other week and their reproductive organs were observed to evaluate the maturation time according to the treatments. After 12 weeks, half the females were transferred onto lateral branch sections of white pine and the other half onto artificial diet supplemented with 10% ground bark of white pine, and their realized fecundity was determined. During the first 12 weeks, ovary development was detected but very few mature oocytes were found. No significant differences were observed for the maturation times between the different abiotic conditions used, but significant differences were observed in female egg-laying response on natural and artificial diets. Females that completed their sexual maturation at 24 °C and 16L: 8D laid over a 3-week period 14.4 ± 8.8 (mean ± SE) and 2.6 ± 2.6 eggs per female on white pine sections and artificial diet, respectively. Oviposition behaviour was compared with results from an earlier experiment conducted with spring-emerging white pine weevils on natural and artificial substrates. The egg-laying responses on white pine seedlings and on an artificial diet with a concentration of 15% ground white pine bark were 0.892 ± 0.124 and 0.171 ± 0.394 eggs per female per day, respectively.

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Abdou, Harouna, Abdoulkadri Laouali, and Balkissa Rouga Assoumane. "Conduite de l’élevage au sol des poules pondeuses : cas des fermes avicoles de Niamey et Tillabéri en République du Niger." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 3 (June 19, 2020): 848–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.16.

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L’objectif général de ce travail est d’étudier les pratiques de l’élevage au sol des poules pondeuses. La zone d’étude s’étend entre les régions de Niamey et Tillabéri (Niger). Au total, dix (10) fermiers avicoles pratiquant l’élevage au sol des poules pondeuses dont neuf (9) à Niamey et un (1) à Tillabéri ont été choisis. La pratique de l’élevage au sol des poules pondeuses est retenue comme critère d’inclusion pour l’échantillonnage. La collecte des données a été possible par l’administration des questionnaires qui s’est effectuée à travers des entretiens individuels. L’étude révèle que la majorité des fermiers sont des adultes avec un âge moyen qui tourne autour de 50 (donné l’écart type) ans. Une majeure partie (80%) des répondants était instruite. L’échantillon est composé de 70% de fonctionnaires contre 30% de commerçants. Il est observé au cours de cette étude, que 70% des fermes de l’échantillon ne renferment que 1 à 2 bâtiments et 30% qui disposent entre 3 à 5 bâtiments. L’analyse des données a permis de constater que 20% de ces fermes avicoles ont une superficie comprise entre 100 à 140 m2 tandis que 80% s’étendent sur une aire comprise entre 140 à 150 000 m2. Par ailleurs, il ressort que 90% de l’échantillon de la présente étude achètent l’aliment complet préparé. Par contre, 10% achètent les ingrédients et préparent l’aliment selon les normes à incorporer. Il est apparu au cours de cette enquête que 90% des enquêtés pratiquent périodiquement la désinfection des matériels. Ils appliquent la même méthode de désinfection et le même type de produit (crésyl et eau de javel). Au regard de ces résultats préliminaires, les conditions d’élevage au sol des poules pondeuses nécessitent une amélioration. Pour cela, la présente suggère d’autres investigations dans l’avenir.Mots clés : Etude, Pratiques, Elevage au sol, Poules pondeuses, Niger. English Title: Management of laying hens on the ground: case of the poultry farms of Niamey and Tillabéri in the Republic of NigerHe general objective of this work is to study the practices of floor rearing of laying hens. The study area extends between the regions of Niamey and Tillabéri (Niger). A total of ten (10) poultry farmers practicing ground rearing of laying hens were selected, including nine (9) in Niamey and one (1) in Tillabéri. Ground rearing of laying hens was selected as a sampling criterion. Data collection was made possible by the administration of questionnaires through individual interviews. The study reveals that the majority of farmers are adults with an average age of around 50 (given the standard deviation) years. Major parts (80%) of the respondents were educated. The sample is composed of 70% civil servants against 30% traders. It is observed during this study that 70% of the farms in the sample have only 1 to 2 buildings and 30% have 3 to 5 buildings. Analysis of the data showed that 20% of these poultry farms have an area of between 100 and 140 m2, while 80% have an area of between 140 and 150,000 m2. In addition, it was found that 90% of the sample in this study purchased prepared complete feed. On the other hand, 10% purchase the ingredients and prepare the food according to the standards to be incorporated. During this survey, it appeared that 90% of the respondents periodically practice disinfection of equipment. They apply the same method of disinfection and the same type of product (cresyl and bleach). In view of these preliminary results, the conditions in which laying hens are reared on the ground need to be improved. For this purpose, the present report suggests further investigations in the future.Keywords: Study, Practices, Ground rearing, Laying hens, Niger.

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Huang, Yao Xuan, Pin Chao Liao, Chung Han Tsai, and Shu Qiang Gui. "Modeling the Relationships of Factors Affecting Dissemination of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) in China." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 976–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.976.

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Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been employed in the Chinese building sector and many policies and legislations have been issued by the government for its dissemination because of its great potential for energy saving. However, the relationships among the factors affecting dissemination of such technologies have been little studied and therefore, supporting measures may have limited impact on their dissemination. This research employed Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT) to model the associations among the factors affecting dissemination of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) systems in China, laying out a theoretical foundation for policy makers and future research.

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Chen, Jun Sheng, Shu Zhuo Liu, Ren Guo Gu, Ying Guang Fang, and Hai Hong Mo. "Model Test Study on a Large-Section Cable Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1411.

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The profile layout rationality and internal stress structure of a large-section cable tunnel and a cable-laying scheme at splicing locations were studied through full-scale model test. The full scale shield tunnel which the diameter was 6m was built on the ground. The model tests test the displacement of cable bearers, the coupling area between horizontal beam and steel ring, the coupling area between horizontal beam and steel pillar, edge beam and center beam under design loads, and the safety and reliability of an arc steel framing system that supports the cable load inside the cable tunnel during the operation stage were demonstrated. The cable-laying schemes for the cross section and straight-through-type and T-type couplings of a large-section cable tunnel were optimized through experiment on actually laid-out cables. For the section layout of a large-section cable tunnel, it is believed that the double-deck scheme prevails over the single-deck scheme, and such a cable-splicing scheme can meet the cable-laying requirement.

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G, Veeresha. "Design and Fabrication of Cost-Effective Agriculture Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37942.

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Abstract: Mulching has long been used to conserve soil moisture, manage weeds, modify soil temperature, and create a microclimate for plants. There are a variety of strategies for improving crop growing conditions, including increasing productivity and reducing the amount of water necessary to grow the crops. However, mulching paper, also known as agricultural film, is one of the most effective ways to cover the soil and keep the crop in the right environment This mulching paper comes in a varietyof varieties, but because plastic mulching is well-known for requiring less effort, we've chosen to work on an automatic mulching paper laying machine that also includes a drip laying attachment. Moisture in the soil is critical for crop survival in arid environments. Mulching with plastic paper film around theroot area of plants prevents weed growth while also storing water and preventing soil dehydration, however this method takes a lot of money and time. So the 'Mulching paper laying machine with hole punching' will save money and time because it will handle both chores at once, laying mulching paper and punching holes in the ground. A body, a mainframe with hoeing blades, hole punching wheels, drip role holder, and punching mechanism make up the plastic mulch laying machine. The mulch was laid on the prepared plantation bed by the machine in conjunction with the drip pipe. This will lay mulch onthe bed without destroying it, as well as punch the holes to the desired dimensions. The product might be used in agriculture to grow tomatoes, watermelons, muskmelons, and other hybrid varieties of crops. Bylowering the capital cost and time of laying the mulching paper using the most convenient way, as well as installing the drip irrigation pipe in one pass of the machine, it will be simple for the farmer. (Key words: agriculture, mulching paper, weed control)

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LI, SUZHEN, RONALD R. MARQUARDT, ANDREW A. FROHLICH, HAO XIAO, and JAMES R. CLARKE. "The Development of a Quantitative ELISA for Aflatoxin B1 in Ground Peanuts Using Antibodies Isolated From the Yolk of a Laying Hen." Journal of Food Protection 57, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 1022–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-57.11.1022.

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Antibodies directed against Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were produced in laying hens, isolated from egg yolk and applied in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for AFB1 in ground peanuts. The ELISA sensitivity was improved by reduction of the amount of the coating antigen absorbed onto the microplate well surfaces. The main aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, aflatoxicol, sterigmatocystin were found to cross-react in the competitive ELISA, 100, 25, 23, 4, 0, 0, 0%, respectively. Aflatoxin B1 could be reproducibly detected and quantified in spiked ground peanuts at levels greater than 5 ppb using a hexane and methanol solvent based peanut extraction protocol.

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MacIsaacand, Janice L., and Derek M. Anderson. "Effect of whole wheat, enzyme supplementation and grain texture on the production performance of laying hens." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 87, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 579–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas07051.

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To determine the effects of a modified laying hen diet/whole wheat combination, grain texture and enzyme (arabinoxylanase preparation) supplementation on production performance, 384 White Leghorn hens were fed either a nutritionally balanced diet or a modified diet/whole wheat (80%/20%) combination from 20 to 64 wk of age. The modified diets were formulated to ensure the calcium and available phosphorus requirements were met. Primary grains corn and wheat were ground through either 5- or 7-mm screens. Except for weeks 44–48, there was no effect (P > 0.05) of feeding the modified diet/whole wheat combination on egg production to 56 wk. Egg production was reduced during the 44–48 and 56–60 wk periods when the modified diet/whole wheat combination (90.1% and 84.3%; 44–48 and 56–60 wk) was supplemented with the commercial enzyme (84.8% and 76.2%; 44–48 and 56–60 wk). For hens fed the modified diet/whole wheat combination, 7 mm ground grains in the modified diet reduced (P ≤ 0.05) egg production (83.2% and 76.5%; 5 mm and 7 mm grains) during the 60–64 wk period. Egg specific gravity was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatment. Layer diets mixed with whole wheat or containing coarsely ground grains could result in decreased feed costs and increased returns for producers. Key words: Whole wheat, enzyme, grain texture, layer

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Fortier, Alexandre, and Elaine Ménard. "Laying the Ground for DOLMEN: Offering a Simple Standardization Starts with Understanding What Museums Do." KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION 44, no. 7 (2017): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0943-7444-2017-7-485.

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Singh, Virendra, and BharatBhushan Sharma. "Laying the ground for research of interstitial lung disease in our country: ILD India registry." Lung India 31, no. 4 (2014): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-2113.142091.

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Lacin, E., A. Yildiz, N. Esenbuga, and M. Macit. "Effects of differences in the initial body weight of groups on laying performance and egg quality parameters of Lohmann laying hens." Czech Journal of Animal Science 53, No. 11 (November 20, 2008): 466–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/341-cjas.

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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different body weight groups (light (L) = 1 400–1 500; medium (M) = 1 500–1 600 and heavy (H) = 1 600 < g) on performance and egg quality traits of Lohmann hens, 24 weeks of age, in different laying periods. A total of 288 Lohmann White layers were allocated randomly to three groups with respect to live weight, each consisting of 24 replicated cages as subgroups, comprising four hens. The study period lasting for 60 weeks was investigated as four different age periods (first period = 24–40 weeks; second period = 40–54 weeks; third period = 54–68 weeks; fourth period = 68–84 weeks). Differences in the initial live weight at the beginning of experiment among the groups continued to the end of experimental period. Considering the egg production, differences among the groups were not significant (<I>P</I> > 0.05) during the experimental period. Egg weight was determined to be lower in the group with low body weight (64.58 g) than in medium (64.97 g) and heavy hen groups (66.30 g). Differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio among the groups were found significant, and the mean values were 123.93, 127.48 and 130.67 for feed consumption (g/day); 2.23, 2.28 and 2.27 for feed conversion ratio. Except for the feed conversion ratio, the effect of weight groups by age period interaction on performance parameters was significant (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The effects of body weight on shell strength, shell thickness and yolk index were not significant during the experimental period. However, different body weight groups significantly affected shape index, yolk colour, albumen index and Haugh unit parameters. Shell strength, yolk colour and yolk index values were affected by weight groups by age period interaction. In conclusion, Lohmann White hens in the light group in a uniform flock had higher egg production and lower feed conversion ratio values than those of other weight groups.

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Remez, N., A. Dychko, S. Kraychuk, N. Ostapchuk, L. Yevtieieva, and V. Bronitskiy. "Simulation of Seismic Explosion Waves with Underground Pipe Interaction." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 55, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2018-0018.

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Abstract The present paper provides numerical simulation of interaction of wave processes in the system “soil massif – underground pipeline” in explosion of charge on the surface of ground. Construction is considered in the framework of nonlinear theory of shells of Tymoshenko type. Soil is modelled by a solid porous multicomponent visco-plastic medium. The study establishes patterns of changes in stress-strain state of system depending on depth of pipeline laying and its diameter.

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Eeva, Tapio, Simo Veistola, and Esa Lehikoinen. "Timing of breeding in subarctic passerines in relation to food availability." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 1 (February 28, 2000): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-182.

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We studied timing of breeding in four species of hole-nesting passerines, the Siberian tit (Poecile cinctus), great tit (Parus major), pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), and redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus), and the abundance of the arthropods in their diet (ground-dwelling spiders, winged insects, foliage-feeding lepidopteran and hymenopteran larvae) in Finnish Lapland for 6-12 years. Densities of the invertebrate groups varied considerably, both seasonally and annually. All the bird species started to breed in early summer, when weather conditions were often poor. At the beginning of the breeding season all species relied on ground-dwelling spiders, whose abundances peaked early and were less variable over the years than those of insects. Abundances and timing of emergence of caterpillars in birch and pine canopies (the major food sources for foliage-gleaners) were highly variable, but each year their abundances peaked in July or August, after the nestling period of the birds. This contrasts with reported cases in deciduous forests at midlatitudes and shows that at our site the birds did not time their nestling period ultimately to coincide with peak food availability. Mean clutch sizes declined seasonally in the tit species and the pied flycatcher but not in the redstart. The number of fledglings did not depend on laying date, except in the Siberian tit, for which dependence of fledgling number on laying date varied among years. Although early broods were not more productive (i.e., greater number of fledglings) than later ones, early breeding is ultimately a necessity for recruitment because of the short subarctic summer. Birds cannot delay breeding in the north because late breeding would shorten the time available for moulting, food-hoarding, and preparation for migration or wintering. Our results show that at the time of egg laying, passerines may receive proximate cues to allow them to predict food conditions during the nestling period. Still, exact prediction of food availability during later phases of nesting is constrained by an inherent discrepancy between warm-blooded birds and poikilothermic invertebrates: once a bird has started egg laying, the subsequent phases follow nearly automatically on certain calendar dates, whereas the development of the arthropods depends on the rate of temperature increase.

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Khizhnyakov, V. I., A. V. Negodin, V. A. Shelkov, and A. N. Toz. "DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF LINEAR MAIN PIPELINE ON WATER-LOGGED GROUNDS." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 6 (December 29, 2020): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-6-167-176.

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The paper shows that the linear segments of the main pipelines laid on water-logged grounds are characterized by the floating parts 150–300 m long, with arch blowouts with a deflection of 1.0–1.5 m. This occurs due to the vertical axial loads and the temperature difference. The buckling stability of the floating part is calculated for the pipeline laid in a bog. It is shown that the loss of the buckling stability in the form of the floating parts and arch blowout can be explained by the fact that the project on the water-logged ground construction has no the analysis of the buckling stability under axial loads with regard to the topography of the trench bottom that describes the stress-strain state of the pipeline. At a design stage, it is necessary to conduct more detailed surveys on the pipeline laying with regard to the trench profile in calculating the pipeline buckling stability on water-logged grounds.

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Bilčı́k, Boris, and Linda J. Keeling. "Relationship between feather pecking and ground pecking in laying hens and the effect of group size." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 68, no. 1 (May 2000): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(00)00089-7.

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Cannito, Sara, Health Biology, Ornella Cutaia, Carolina Fazio, Maria Fortunata Lofiego, Francesca Piazzini, Laura Solmonese, Luana Calabrò, Michele Maio, and Alessia Covre. "844 Immunomodulatory activity of epigenetic drugs combinations in mesothelioma: laying the ground for new immunotherapeutic strategies." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (November 2020): A896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0844.

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BackgroundGrowing evidence are demonstrating the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in mesothelioma; however, a limited percentage of patients benefits from this therapeutic approach. Epigenetic modifications play a relevant role in negatively regulating the cross-talk between neoplastic and immune cells, and in contributing to the highly immunosuppressive mesothelioma microenvironment. A better understanding of mesothelioma epigenetic landscape could open the path to novel and potentially more effective approaches combining ICI and epigenetic drugs. We investigated the immunomodulatory potential of epigenetic agents by comparing the activity of DNA hypomethylating agents (DHA) with histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) and EZH2 inhibitors (EZH2i), alone or combined with DHA, in mesothelioma cells.MethodsFour mesothelioma cell lines were treated with the DHA guadecitabine 1μM, or with the HDACi, Valproic Acid (VPA) 1mM, or the EZH2i, EPZ-6438 1μM, alone or combined with guadecitabine. We investigated the expression of HLA class I molecules by flow-cytometry and of PD-L1, cancer testis antigens (CTA: NY-ESO, MAGE-A1), Natural Killer Group 2 member D Ligands (NKG2DLs: MIC-A, MIC-B, ULBP2) and EMT-regulating cadherins (CDH1, CDH2) by quantitative Real-Time PCR. Fold change (FC) expression for each treatment vs untreated cells was reported as mean values (FCm) among investigated cell lines. A positive modulation of the expression was considered if FCm>1.5.ResultsGuadecitabine upregulated the expression of HLA class I antigens (FCm=1.75), PD-L1 (FCm=2.38), NKG2DLs (MIC-A FCm=1.96, MIC-B FCm=2.57, and ULBP2 FCm=3.56), and upregulated/induced CTA expression. Similarly, VPA upregulated HLA class I antigens (FCm=1.67), PD-L1 (FCm=3.17), NKG2DLs (MIC-A FCm=1.78, MIC-B FCm=3.04, and ULBP2 FCm=3.75) expression; however, CTA expression was modulated only in 1 mesothelioma cell line. Conversely, EPZ-6438 up-regulated only NY-ESO-1 and MIC-B expression in 1 mesothelioma cell line.The addition of both VPA and EPZ-6483 to guadecitabine strengthened its immunomodulatory activity. Specifically, guadecitabine plus VPA or EPZ-6438 upregulated the expression of HLA class I antigens FCm=2.55 or 2.69, PD-L1 FCm=8.04 or 2.65, MIC-A FCm=3.81 or 2.26, MIC-B FCm=8.00 or 3.03, ULBP2 FCm=6.24 or 4.53, respectively. Higher levels of CTA upregulation/induction were observed with combination treatments vs guadecitabine alone.Cadherins modulation was mesothelioma histotype-related: CDH1 expression was induced in the 2 constitutively-negative sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells by guadecitabine alone or combined with VPA or EPZ-6438; CDH2 expression was upregulated by VPA alone (FCm=1.53) or plus guadecitabine (FCm=2.54).ConclusionsCombination of DHA-based immunotherapies with other classes of epigenetic drugs could be an effective strategy to be pursued in the mesothelioma clinic.

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Holveck, Marie-Jeanne, Romain Guerreiro, Philippe Perret, Claire Doutrelant, and Arnaud Grégoire. "Eggshell coloration indicates female condition during egg-laying: a field experiment in blue tits." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 128, no. 1 (June 17, 2019): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz082.

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AbstractSeveral selection pressures may explain the evolution of avian eggshell coloration patterns. In cavity-nesting species, there are two main non-exclusive hypotheses. The sexually selected eggshell colour hypothesis proposes that eggshell coloration is a sexually selected signal of female and offspring quality used by males that influences paternal care or future re-mating decisions. The structural function hypothesis proposes that pigments help strengthen the eggshell and are present at higher levels and at the blunt end of the egg when females face calcium shortages. We tested whether eggshell coloration (brown spots on a white ground colour) in blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) could reliably indicate female condition at laying by forcing females to produce two consecutive clutches, thus increasing their reproductive costs. Three measures of eggshell coloration – the area covered by spots as well as white ground UV-chroma and brightness – changed between clutches; the fourth measure, spot distribution, did not. The changes were more dramatic in young and lower-quality females. All the measures varied with female quality (i.e. body condition and/or laying date). Overall, higher-quality females produced more colourful (larger, more concentrated spotted surface area; higher UV-chroma) and less bright (i.e. putatively more pigmented) eggshells, a result that is generally in line with past research. We found a clear empirical link between eggshell coloration and female condition in blue tits, an important step in determining whether eggshell coloration is a sexual signal, but which does not exclude a potential concomitant structural function.

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Tian, Yifan. "MAINPROBLEMS OF PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF HYDROCARBONS." Globus: technical sciences 7, no. 4(40) (September 19, 2021): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2713-3079-40-4-6.

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The paper presents the main problems of pipeline transportation of hydrocarbons in conditions of specific soils, in particular permafrost soils, since today the strategic rear of the economic development of the Russian Federation is the fuel and energy base of the permafrost region. the state of permafrost and soil in the area of the base of the structure. It was also found that laying the main pipeline on the ground for transporting hydrocarbons can reduce the frequency of their failures and breakdowns.

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Zhou, T., L. Lv, J. Liu, and J. Wan. "APPLICATION OF UAV OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPHY IN REAL SCENE 3D MODELING." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-413-2021.

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Abstract. Aiming at the phenomenon that the traditional measurement methods cannot complete large-scale measurement in a short time, and the image quality obtained by remote sensing in cloudy and rainy areas is difficult to meet the demand, this paper puts forward the idea of using UAV tilt photography to build three-dimensional modeling of urban real scene. The UAV tilt photography technology is used to collect the image data of about 200 km2 in Wuzhishan City. By laying a small number of ground image control points, the aerial triangulation is used to establish the connection, and the three-dimensional modeling of the collected data is carried out. Through the field verification to verify the attribute information of ground objects, the accuracy is verified by using CORS system field coordinate collection. The results show that the ground property and mathematical accuracy of UAV tilt photography model meet the requirements, and can be effectively used in real 3D modeling.

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Scaife, J. R., Abeba Amare, T. Acamovic, W. Michie, and M. Davis. "Egg production and quality: effects of vicia faba in laying hen diets." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600021966.

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Vicia faba has considerable potential as a protein supplement for farm livestock in many parts of the world. The protein content varies depending on cultivar but has been reported to range from 230 - 390 g/kg (Garrido et al 1991) The extensive use of vicia faba in laying hen diets has been limited by the, presence antinutrients such as tannins, lectins and pyrimidine glucosides which have been reported to decrease protein digestibility (Lacassagne et al. 1988) and adversely affect egg production and quality parameters such as egg number and egg weight (Guillume et al 1977). The production of low tannin cultivars of vicia faba has increased interest in its use in poultry feeds and an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects on egg production and quality of inclusion of whole ground beans; cotyledons or hulls from one such low tannin cultivar ‘Toret’.

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de Bremond, Ariane. "The emergence of land systems as the nexus for sustainability transformations." Ambio 50, no. 7 (March 13, 2021): 1299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01519-9.

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AbstractThis perspective recognizes the seminal Ambio articles of Sombroek et al. (1993), Turner et al. (1994) and Brussaard et al. (1997), identifying their individual and collective role in laying the ground work for a global change research agenda on land and its human use through increased understanding of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics and global change, and furthering nascent interdisciplinary efforts within the global change science community to better understand the ‘human driving forces’ of change. From these efforts, land system science, as a systemic science focused on complex socio-ecological interactions around land use and associated trade-offs and synergies, emerges as an ‘interdiscipline’ challenged to better understand land systems as the ‘meeting ground’ for multiple claims on land for biodiversity, carbon, livelihoods, food production among others, and support pathways to sustainability for people and nature.

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Wan, Yi, Huan Yang, Hongyi Zhang, Ruiyu Ma, Renrong Qi, Junying Li, Wei Liu, Yan Li, and Kai Zhan. "Effects of Different Non-Cage Housing Systems on the Production Performance, Serum Parameters and Intestinal Morphology of Laying Hens." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 1673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061673.

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This study investigated the effects of plastic-net housing system (NRS) and floor-litter housing system (LRS) on the production performance, serum parameters and intestinal morphology of Shendan laying hens. A total of 1200 30-week-old hens were randomly allocated to the NRS and LRS groups, each of which included five replicates with 120 chickens in each replicate. The experiment was conducted from 32 to 40 weeks of age. Indoor airborne parameters were measured every 2 weeks, and indoor ground contamination was measured monthly. The laying rate and mortality of hens were recorded daily, and egg quality traits and serum parameters were measured every 2 weeks. At 40 weeks of age, four birds per replicate from each experimental group were selected for intestinal morphological observation. The results showed that the airborne bacteria number in the LRS was significantly higher than that in the NRS (p < 0.05) for most of the experimental period (except at 32 and 38 weeks of age), and the bacterial numbers on the surfaces of the floor and floor eggs in the LRS were approximately 10 times higher than those in the NRS (p < 0.05). Compared with the LRS, the NRS improved the laying rate (p < 0.05), reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05) and corticosterone (CORT) concentrations and increased serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, indicating favourable effects on antioxidative status. The NRS was significantly associated with an increased villus height (VH), villus height to crypt depth ratio (VCR) in the small intestine (p < 0.05) and increased VCR in the caecum (p < 0.05). Overall, the lower rate of bacterial contamination in the NRS than in the LRS indicated better environmental hygiene. The NRS enhanced the laying performance and antioxidant capacity of hens and was superior to the LRS in improving intestinal health. The current findings support the advantages of the NRS for the health and welfare of Shendan chickens during the peak laying period.

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Foley, Michael W. "Laying the Groundwork: The Struggle for Civil Society in El Salvador." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 38, no. 1 (1996): 67–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166396.

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The armed conflict that wracked El Salvador from 1980 to the signing of the Peace Accords in January 1992 began and ended in a still unresolved struggle over civil society: over what expression civil society would be allowed to take, over its influence in public debate, over who would control it, and how. If the Right fought to protect its own economic power, it fought first of all on the ground of civil society, attempting by all means available to subordinate, or subdue, the forces unleashed via the wave of organizing by church groups, unions, and the Left in the 1960s (Baloyra, 1982; Lungo U., 1987; Montgomery, 1995). The targets of the famous “death squads,” which emerged well before the eruption of civil war in 1981, were preponderantly representatives of organized civil society: union leaders, teachers, community organizers, health workers, catechists. While political militants have been the most prominent among recent victims of the violence carried out by resurgent death squads, the struggle going on in El Salvador today is essentially a struggle over the character and direction of the new civil society that has arisen in the wake of the war and the Peace Accords.

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Indarsih, B., A. Asnawi, and D. K. Purnamasari. "SAPU-SAPU FISH (Hyposarcus pardalis) AS A SINGLE PROTEIN SOURCE FOR LAYING MOJOSARI DUCKS." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 41, no. 3 (August 30, 2016): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.41.3.117-124.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the optimum level of dietary inclusion and the form of feeding sapu-sapu fish (SSF) as a single protein source for feed components of small holder Mojosari duck farming. A total of 180 twenty four wk-old laying ducks were fed with two forms (sun-dried and ground-fresh) and three levels of SSF (10, 20 and 30%) from 24 to 32 wk of age. Experimental diets were formulated containing 105.1; 141.5 and 177.9 g/kg crude protein and 3078; 3065 and 3052 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) /kg diet. Production performance and egg quality were measured. The form of SSF had a significant effect (P<0.0001) on feed intake, egg production, feed conversion, egg mass and egg number except final body weight. No significant effects (P>0.05) were found on all of the performance parameters measured due to feeding levels of SSF except feed intake and final body weight. The interaction of form and feeding level was significant (P<0.05) on egg and body weights. Low performance and egg quality were observed in the birds fed a diet containing the dried SSF. It can be suggested that local ducks required 20% SSF as a single protein source for maximum egg production (41.2%) and total egg number per wk (3.1 eggs/bird/wk) during 8 wk of rearing period. Egg quality can be improved by feeding the fresh SSF. However, due to be sufficiently better processing technique, the dried SSF would be potential to replace the common fish for laying ducks.

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Girma, Meseret, Mengistu Urge, and Getachew Animut. "Ground Prosopis juliflora Pod as Feed Ingredient in Poultry Diet: Effects on Laying Performance and Egg Quality." International Journal of Poultry Science 10, no. 11 (October 15, 2011): 879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2011.879.885.

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Kitayaporn, Sathana, Weibin Zhou, Daniel T. Schwartz, and François Baneyx. "Laying out ground rules for protein-aided nanofabrication: ZnO synthesis at 70°C as a case study." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 109, no. 8 (February 24, 2012): 1912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.24466.

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Erhard, Michael H., Haydar Özpinar, Tanay Bilal, Ysmail Abbas, Can Kutay, Hüseyin Eseceli, and Manfred Stangassinger. "The Humoral Immune Response and the Productivity of Laying Hens Kept on the Ground or in Cages." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 28, no. 5 (September 2000): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290002800504.

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Villar, Ana, Ibán Vázquez-González, Fernando Vicente, Gregorio Salcedo, Laura González, Adrián Botana, Luís José Royo, Paola Eguinoa, and Juan Busqué. "Study of the Variability in Fatty Acids and Carotenoid Profiles: Laying the Ground for Tank Milk Authentication." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 18, 2021): 4506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084506.

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This study analyzes 174 tank milk samples taken from 89 commercial farms located all along the Cantabrian Coast (Green Spain). Sampling was performed in two periods: autumn 2016 and spring 2017. A survey was carried out for every day of sampling to record the average lactating dairy cow production and its diet composition. For each sample, the fatty acid (FA) profile (49 FA plus its main relationships) and nine fat-soluble antioxidant (FSA) profiles (retinol (vitamin A), α- and Υ-tocopherol (vitamin E), all-trans-β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene, 13-cis-β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin) were determined. The milk production varied between 7.3 and 45.9 liters per cow per day, highlighting the diversity found among production systems. The milk fat content ranged from 2.64% to 4.38% and the protein content from 2.87% to 3.56%. Regarding the fatty acids profile, the percentage of saturated fat varied between 59.95% and 75.99%. The linolenic acid content fluctuated between 0.21 and 1.31 and rumenic acid ranged from 0.20 to 2.47 (g 100 g−1 total FA). The most important correlations between diet and milk FA were always related to the content of fresh grass and total forage (which is defined by both fresh and conserved forage derived from fresh grass (GCF)) in the diet. The content of vaccenic acid, linolenic acid, total omega-3, rumenic acid, and total CLA isomers showed the highest correlation with the proportion of fresh grass in the diet. The antioxidant contents were also highly variable, although correlations with dietary components were lower. The highest correlations were between total forage content (fresh grass (FG) plus GCF) and lutein, all-trans-β-carotene, and 13-cis-β-carotene. Diets without fresh grass had lower omega-3 content, CLA, vaccenic acid, lutein, all-trans-β-carotene, and 13-cis-β-carotene.

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Besheryan, Z. A., and I. F. Kantemirov. "Modeling and assessment of the stress-strain state of above-ground pipelines at different types of compensation sections." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126601022.

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The development of Russian fuel and energy complex in the short term is connected with the development of new hydrocarbon field in the permafrost zone and the need to build Arctic pipelines north of the 60th parallel. The ground-based structural scheme of pipeline laying is the most optimal while constructing trunk pipelines in permafrost areas in the Arctic and subarctic latitudes. The actual operating conditions of these systems are insufficiently studied. The above-ground pipeline in permafrost is in an complex stress-strain state. This study presents the results of the assessment of the stress-strain state of linearly extended above-ground pipelines at different compensation sections (triangular compensator; trapezoidal compensator; U-shaped compensator) under actual operating conditions. Using the finite element method on mathematical models, the dependences of the transverse displacements of the pipeline on movable supports and stresses arising in dangerous sections of the typical pipeline section during self-compensation of deformations on the variable design parameters of the system for various load combinations were established (the simulation was carried out in the ANSYS software package).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Laying in the ground'

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