Academic literature on the topic 'Lay assistance foundation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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Wrzos, Marcin. "Modele pomocy misjom na podstawie działalności Fundacji Pomocy Humanitarnej „Redemptoris Missio” w perspektywie 25 lat (1992-2017) w świetle dokumentacji źródłowej oraz jej periodyków." Annales Missiologici Posnanienses, no. 22 (January 4, 2018): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/amp.2017.22.10.
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The Poznań Foundation of Humanitarian Relief “Redemptoris Missio” originated twenty-five years ago. Its mission is to provide professional medical assistance to missionaries and mission centers. It is the first foundation which involved lay people in the missionary activity of the Catholic Church. It was also founded mostly by lay people and is still managed by them. Many lay volunteers are also engaged in its work. In this study the author describes the genesis of the Foundation and its goals in the context of the pastoral paradigm. The analytical-critical method of its functioning was analyzed, as well as analysis of the source documents of the foundation. On the basis of the foundation's activities an institutional model of secular involvement in the Church’s missionary activity is presented, which can be replicated in other pastoral centers.
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SHIN, Miyoung. "The Assistant and Feature of China Medical Board(CMB) in Korea in the 1950s-70s: Focusing on the <i>Annual Reports</i> of CMB." Korean Journal of Medical History 32, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 387–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2023.32.387.
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This study analyzes the annual reports of CMB in order to examine CMB’s assistance of Korea. CMB originally assisted medical education in China, and it turned to assist Asia with changes in the international situation. This paper examines three periods spanning from 1953 to 1980 when Korea received CMB assist. The first period was from 1953 to 1962, when Korea received help with material resources that were lacking after the Korean War. The second period was from 1963 to 1972 during which the scale of assistance further expanded. Additionally, Seoul National University began to have human resources with the necessary support for education and research with the assistance from CMB. The third period was from 1973 to 1980, when the CMB newly established the overall direction of aid, the contents of assistance for Korea also changed. Throughout this period, Korean medicine was able to lay the foundation for independence, and public health, including community medicine, came to be considered as an important aspect of society.
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Green, Melissa A., Georgina Perez, India J. Ornelas, Anh N. Tran, Connie Blumenthal, Michelle Lyn, and Giselle Corbie-Smith. "Amigas Latinas Motivando el ALMA (ALMA)." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 10, SI-Latino (December 1, 2012): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v10isi-latino.1482.
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Use of mental health care services for psychological distress is limited among Latino immigrants. In geographic areas where migration has been rapid, mental health systems possess limited capacity to provide bilingual and bicultural assistance. The development of a bilingual and bicultural workforce is a necessary yet long-term solution. More immediate strategies, however, are needed to meet the needs of immigrant Latinos. This paper describes the development of a stress-reduction focused, lay health advisor training that targets individual behavior change among Latina immigrants. The theoretical foundation, curriculum components, and pilot implementation of the training are discussed. As natural leaders, Latina promotoras disseminated learned strategies and resources within their communities. The lay health advisor model is a salient method for disseminating information regarding mental health and stress reduction among Latinas.
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Abtahi, Hirad. "Types of Injury in Inter-State Reparation Claims: A Guide for the International Criminal Court." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 30, no. 02 (July 23, 2015): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2015.18.
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Abstract In determining “the scope and extent of any damage, loss and injury to, or in respect of, victims” under article 75(1) of the International Criminal Court (“ICC”) Statute, the ICC will progressively lay the foundation of reparations in international criminal justice. In the process of establishing the typology of harms sustained by natural and—under some qualifications—legal persons, inter-state claims practice may prove to be of assistance to the judges in light of the particular circumstances of each case. In addition, such an exercise illuminates how the doctrinal methods adopted in public international law scholarship categorize and describe the harms that have given rise to reparation claims during both war and peacetime.
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Zhao, Yixuan, Haonan Li, Zheng Li, Shuqin Wu, Yiming Wang, and Chenwen Chai. "Kinematics and Dynamics Simulation of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Walking Assist Mechanism." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2528, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2528/1/012052.
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Abstract To solve the problem of rehabilitation training for patients with limited mobility of lower limbs, a scheme of lower limb exoskeleton walking assistance mechanism was proposed. The D-H model of the walking assist mechanism is established, and the forward kinematics is solved. The exoskeleton workspace is analyzed by the Monte Carlo method. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis of the walking assist mechanism is completed by using ADAMS software, and the rationality of the kinematics and dynamics performance is verified. The results show that the lower limb exoskeleton walking assist mechanism can meet the requirements of movement space, movement performance, and dynamic performance of patients with lower limb movement limitation and meet the basic needs of normal human wearing. The research results lay a foundation for the structural optimization of the following lower limb exoskeleton walking assist mechanism.
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Joshi, Malay, Aditi Shukla, Jayesh Srivastava, Manya Rastogi, Suvarna Mujumdar, and Himanshu Tripathi. "DRISHTI: Visual Navigation Assistant for Visually Impaired." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2570, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2570/1/012032.
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Abstract In today’s society, where independent living is becoming increasingly important, it can be extremely constricting for those who are blind. Blind and visually impaired (BVI) people face challenges because they need manual support to prompt information about their environment. In this work, we took our first step towards developing an affordable and high-performing eye wearable assistive device, DRISHTI, to provide visual navigation assistance for BVI people. This system comprises a camera module, ESP32 processor, Bluetooth module, smartphone and speakers. Using artificial intelligence, this system is proposed to detect and understand the nature of the users’ path and obstacles ahead of the user in that path and then inform BVI users about it via audio output to enable them to acquire directions by themselves on their journey. This first step discussed in this paper involves establishing a proof-of-concept of achieving the right balance of affordability and performance by testing an initial software integration of a currency detection algorithm on a low-cost embedded arrangement. This work will lay the foundation for our upcoming works toward achieving the goal of assisting the maximum of BVI people around the globe in moving independently.
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Worrall, Sharyn F., Andrea J. Dwyer, Reese M. Garcia, Keavy E. McAbee, and Anjelica Q. Davis. "Priorities of Unmet Needs for Those Affected by Colorectal Cancer: Considerations From a Series of Nominal Group Technique Sessions." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 19, no. 6 (June 2021): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2020.7655.
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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer among men and women in the United States. Patients and survivors experience a range of challenges, including anxiety, financial issues, long-term adverse effects, and more. The intent of this project was to assess the needs of the CRC community directly from survivors and their caregivers and to lay a foundation for ongoing support. Methods: Twelve nominal group technique sessions were facilitated. Participants were randomized and presented with the following questions: “What information do you wish you had at the time of diagnosis?” and “What information do you need now as a survivor?” After the nominal group technique process, each statement’s score was divided by the number of people in the session, providing the average to identify the top-ranked statements. Themes and subthemes were applied to statements. Results were compared between coders. Results: There was a total of 79 participants, 49 of whom self-identified as a patient with or survivor of cancer. Patient/survivor demographics were as follows: stage IV disease (n=20), stage III disease (n=22), stage II disease (n=5), stage I disease (n=2), caregiver/family member (n=30), male (n=16), female (n=63), White (n=50), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (n=1), Hispanic/Latino (n=13), Black/African American (n=11), Asian (n=1), and more than one race/ethnicity (n=3). The most frequent themes among responses to the first question were communication and coordination with care team and access to CRC resources. The most frequent themes among responses to the second question were psychosocial support and family/caregiver support. Frequent themes among responses across both questions were understanding treatment options and adverse effects. Conclusions: These findings highlight gaps in support for individuals affected by CRC, and lay a foundation for ongoing assistance. Future studies exploring differences based on disease stage, race/ethnicity, age, gender identity, geographic location, and tumor location are needed to further tailor support for those experiencing CRC. Themes identified in this project require a multidisciplinary approach to ensure that the unmet needs of survivors are addressed.
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Prokhovnyk, Pavlo. "HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION UKRAINE-NATO AT THE PRESENT STAGE." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1, no. 30 (November 30, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-30-54-60.
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The article analyzes the history of the development of military-technical cooperation between Ukraine and NATO as one of the defining areas of international military partnership. Taking into account specific historical circumstances and external aggression by the Russian Federation, the importance of Ukraine’s military-technical cooperation with partner countries for the implementation of political goals and objectives of the state for the development of defense industry and national security is emphasized. Ukraine faced new types of threats in all spheres of the state’s life, in the military in particular, which required active assistance from partner countries. The realities of the hybrid war, which has targeted our country, require new approaches to ensuring the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including by strengthening military partnerships with the European Union and the United States. In modern geopolitical, socio-economic, international legal, military-political conditions, the nature, forms and directions of Ukraine’s military partnership need to be rethought and clarified. Today, Ukraine’s military cooperation with NATO is of a strategic nature, the tasks of which can be grouped into four key areas: maintaining military-political dialogue; assistance in reforming and developing the Armed Forces of Ukraine; ensuring contribution to international security and peacekeeping; defense and technical cooperation. As a result of this study, NATO membership will open new opportunities for Ukraine’s competitive defense industries and lay the foundation for military-technical cooperation at the international level. In this context, the myth that Ukraine’s accession to NATO will involve the collapse of Ukraine’s defense industry through the introduction of new NATO military standards, requirements for rearmament for our army is completely eliminated.
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Shlykova, Svetlana P. "Genesis of the Archetype of the Trickster in Russian Literature." ICONI, no. 2 (2021): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2021.2.059-074.
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The article is devoted to demonstrating the genesis of the archetype of the trickster in Russian literature. The antihero, the sources of whose anti-behavior are traced in harlequinade and skmorokh buffoonery, is examined on the material of folklore and literary works from the 18th to the early 20th century. Anti-behavior in Russian culture symbolizes a rebellion unrefl exed in the folk environment against the norms of behavior and orderliness of life imposed by those in power. The archetype of the trickster, which has longtime traditions in world culture, was personifi ed in Russia as the skomorokh, then the jester Farnos, who in many ways adopted the skomorokh traditions. Among the populace Petrukha Fornos became one of the favorite comic jester heroes, having acquired special popularity as the result of crude color woodcuts from the 18th century. In the 19th century the image of Farnos was transformed into Petrushka, a puppet character of the theatricalized genre. With his assistance the simplistic satirical subjects lay at the foundation of the so-called Petrushka theater which, despite the unaltered plot, bore an improvisational-play character, pertaining to a number of “baculine” comedies, in the 19th century the image of Petrushka was so popular, that it surpassed the oral folk tradition and found its place in literary compositions. In the early 20th century the image of Petrushka the trickster became the source for numerous interpretations in modernist literature.
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Wrzos, Marcin Jan. "Paradygmat krajowego, instytucjonalnego zaangażowania misyjnego na podstawie działalności Prokury Misyjnej Misjonarzy Oblatów Maryi Niepokalanej (1969-2022)." Annales Missiologici Posnanienses 27 (March 31, 2023): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/amp.2022.27.5.
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The Missionary Procuration of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (1969-2022) is a national institution supporting Oblate, but not only, missionary activity ad gentes. Its structure also includes: Public Association of the Faithful “Friends of the Oblate Missions” (since 1969), Association Oblacka Pomoc Misjom “Lumen Caritatis” (since 2009), the Missionary Roads magazine and website (since 2014), and the Mazenodianum Institute Foundation (since 2021). These institutions, apart from the association of “Friends of the Oblate Missions”, previously operated separately. From the very beginning, the Missionary Procuration has been associated with the basic areas of its activity: providing spiritual and material assistance to missionaries and the works they carry out; supporting the awakening of missionary vocations; propagating the missionary idea both among the clergy and lay people, also through: the activities of the Friends of the Mission, the activities of the “Lumen Caritatis” association, the publishing of the “Missionary Roads” magazine, the www.misacyjne.pl website, books and ephemeral publications, presence in other social media, parish animations and mission retreats, conducting social campaigns, other evangelistic, cultural and scientific events related to the promotion of Oblate missions. The conducted research shows, among others, that: this activity in many of its aspects may be paradigmatic for other national mission institutions (eg WYD or the missionary secretariat of the Divine Word Missionaries work in a similar way). The realities of missionary activity and research have also shown that the centralization of missionary activities in one institutional entity within the religious or diocesan jurisdiction is a better solution than their atomization. The purpose of missionary institutions is not only spiritual and material help for the mission, but also a much wider multifaceted activity; in the activities of ecclesial missionary institutions, both proven and modern missionary tools should be used, and in-depth mission formation, as well as the creation of communities, groups of people engaged in mission is a condition of permanent missionary assistance.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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Daly, Marwa El. "Challenges and potentials of channeling local philanthropy towards development and aocial justice and the role of waqf (Islamic and Arab-civic endowments) in building community foundations." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16511.
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Diese Arbeit bietet eine solide theoretische Grundlage zu Philanthropie und religiös motivierten Spendenaktivitäten und deren Einfluss auf Wohltätigkeitstrends, Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und einer auf dem Gedanken der sozialen Gerechtigkeit beruhenden Philanthropie. Untersucht werden dafür die Strukturen religiös motivierte Spenden, für die in der islamischen Tradition die Begriffe „zakat“, „Waqf“ oder im Plural auch „awqaf-“ oder „Sadaqa“ verwendet werden, der christliche Begriff dafür lautet „tithes“ oder „ushour“. Aufbauend auf diesem theoretischen Rahmenwerk analysiert die qualitative und quantitative Feldstudie auf nationaler Ebene, wie die ägyptische Öffentlichkeit Philanthropie, soziale Gerechtigkeit, Menschenrechte, Spenden, Freiwilligenarbeit und andere Konzepte des zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements wahrnimmt. Um eine umfassende und repräsentative Datengrundlage zu erhalten, wurden 2000 Haushalte, 200 zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen erfasst, sowie Spender, Empfänger, religiöse Wohltäter und andere Akteure interviewt. Die so gewonnen Erkenntnisse lassen aussagekräftige Aufschlüsse über philanthropische Trends zu. Erstmals wird so auch eine finanzielle Einschätzung und Bewertung der Aktivitäten im lokalen Wohltätigkeitsbereich möglich, die sich auf mehr als eine Billion US-Dollar beziffern lassen. Die Erhebung weist nach, dass gemessen an den Pro-Kopf-Aufwendungen die privaten Spendenaktivitäten weitaus wichtiger sind als auswärtige wirtschaftliche Hilfe für Ägypten. Das wiederum lässt Rückschlüsse zu, welche Bedeutung lokale Wohltätigkeit erlangen kann, wenn sie richtig gesteuert wird und nicht wie bislang oft im Teufelskreis von ad-hoc-Spenden oder Hilfen von Privatperson an Privatperson gefangen ist. Die Studie stellt außerdem eine Verbindung her zwischen lokalen Wohltätigkeits-Mechanismen, die meist auf religiösen und kulturellen Werten beruhen, und modernen Strukturen, wie etwa Gemeinde-Stiftungen oder Gemeinde-„waqf“, innerhalb derer die Spenden eine nachhaltige Veränderung bewirken können. Daher bietet diese Arbeit also eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Grundlage, die nicht nur ein besseres Verständnis, sondern auch den nachhaltiger Aus- und Aufbau lokaler Wohltätigkeitsstrukturen in Ägypten ermöglicht. Zentral ist dabei vor allem die Rolle lokaler, individueller Spenden, die beispielsweise für Stiftungen auf der Gemeindeebene eingesetzt, wesentlich zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen könnten – und das nicht nur in Ägypten, sondern in der gesamten arabischen Region. Als konkretes Ergebnis dieser Arbeit, wurde ein innovatives Modell entwickelt, dass neben den wissenschaftlichen Daten das Konzept der „waqf“ berücksichtigt. Der Wissenschaftlerin und einem engagierten Vorstand ist es auf dieser Grundlage gelungen, die Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) zu gründen, die nicht nur ein Modell für eine Bürgerstiftung ist, sondern auch das tradierte Konzept der „waqf“ als praktikable und verbürgte Wohlstätigkeitsstruktur sinnvoll weiterentwickelt.This work provides a solid theoretical base on philanthropy, religious giving (Islamic zakat, ‘ushour, Waqf -plural: awqaf-, Sadaqa and Christian tithes or ‘ushour), and their implications on giving trends, development work, social justice philanthropy. The field study (quantitative and qualitative) that supports the theoretical framework reflects at a national level the Egyptian public’s perceptions on philanthropy, social justice, human rights, giving and volunteering and other concepts that determine the peoples’ civic engagement. The statistics cover 2000 households, 200 Civil Society Organizations distributed all over Egypt and interviews donors, recipients, religious people and other stakeholders. The numbers reflect philanthropic trends and for the first time provide a monetary estimate of local philanthropy of over USD 1 Billion annually. The survey proves that the per capita share of philanthropy outweighs the per capita share of foreign economic assistance to Egypt, which implies the significance of local giving if properly channeled, and not as it is actually consumed in the vicious circle of ad-hoc, person to person charity. In addition, the study relates local giving mechanisms derived from religion and culture to modern actual structures, like community foundations or community waqf that could bring about sustainable change in the communities. In sum, the work provides a comprehensive scientific base to help understand- and build on local philanthropy in Egypt. It explores the role that local individual giving could play in achieving sustainable development and building a new wave of community foundations not only in Egypt but in the Arab region at large. As a tangible result of this thesis, an innovative model that revives the concept of waqf and builds on the study’s results was created by the researcher and a dedicated board of trustees who succeeded in establishing Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) that not only introduces the community foundation model to Egypt, but revives and modernizes the waqf as a practical authentic philanthropic structure.
Books on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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P, Glade William, Reilly Charles A, Bendahmane Diane B, and Inter-American Foundation, eds. Investigaciones sobre el desarrollo de base: Coleccíon de artículos y estudios basados en las investigaciones para el doctorado de becarios de la Fundacíon Interamericana. Arlington, Va: La Fundacíon, 1993.
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M, Bast Carol, ed. Foundations of law: Cases, commentary, and ethics. 5th ed. Clifton Park, N.Y: Delmar Cengage Learning, 2011.
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Foundations of law: Cases, commentary, and ethics. 3rd ed. Albany, NY: West/Thomson Learning, 2002.
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1936-, Pyle Ransford Comstock, ed. Foundations of law: Cases, commentary, and ethics. 2nd ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar, 1996.
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Foundations of law for paralegals: Cases, commentary, and ethics. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1992.
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Foundations of business organizations for paralegals. Albany, NY: West/Thomson Learning, 2001.
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C, Bross Donald, and Michaels Laura Freeman, eds. Foundations of child advocacy: Legal representation of the maltreated child. Longmont, Colo: Bookmakers Guild, 1987.
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Office, General Accounting. Foreign assistance: U.S. rule of law assistance to five Latin American countries : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.
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Office, General Accounting. Foreign assistance: Treasury's technical assistance program : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.
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Pimento, Barbara. Healthy foundations in early childhood settings. 4th ed. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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Scotto, Pablo. "Il legame tra libertà politica e lavoro dalla Rivoluzione francese al 1848." In Idee di lavoro e di ozio per la nostra civiltà, 609–15. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0319-7.70.
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In the French Revolution, the extension of the ideal of a political community of free and equal citizens goes hand in hand with a new conception of work. Work becomes the main means of social integration, whether through individual effort leading to property or through assistance to the poor. This transition from a feudal society to one based on freedom of occupation and social protection lays the foundation for the emergence of the notion of the right to work. In 1848, this right is considered a prerequisite for the enjoyment of all other rights and many agree that the nascent Republic should take charge of social issues. But, in the course of the Revolution, the right to work acquires a more radical meaning: it serves to express the idea that the social sphere should be governed by the same egalitarian principles as the political sphere.
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Monat, Raphaël, Aymeric Fromherz, and Denis Merigoux. "Formalizing Date Arithmetic and Statically Detecting Ambiguities for the Law." In Programming Languages and Systems, 421–50. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57267-8_16.
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AbstractLegal expert systems routinely rely on date computations to determine the eligibility of a citizen to social benefits or whether an application has been filed on time. Unfortunately, date arithmetic exhibits many corner cases, which are handled differently from one library to the other, making faithfully transcribing the law into code error-prone, and possibly leading to heavy financial and legal consequences for users.In this work, we aim to provide a solid foundation for date arithmetic working on days, months and years. We first present a novel, formal semantics for date computations, and formally establish several semantic properties through a mechanization in the F$$^\star $$ ⋆ proof assistant. Building upon this semantics, we then propose a static analysis by abstract interpretation to automatically detect ambiguities in date computations. We finally integrate our approach in the Catala language, a recent domain-specific language for formalizing computational law, and use it to analyze the Catala implementation of the French housing benefits, leading to the discovery of several date-related ambiguities.
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"Providing Humanitarian Assistance That Reaches All." In Untapped Power, edited by Carla Koppell, 357–75. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197611609.003.0014.
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Conflict and natural disaster affect over 100 million people per year, with tens of millions of dollars spent to reduce suffering and death. Yet humanitarian assistance more effectively addresses certain types of suffering and more capably reaches certain groups within societies. Only by addressing disparate needs of different groups in all settings can relief operations truly say they are providing aid effectively. This chapter provides an overview of the international framework for humanitarian relief and explains gaps in assistance. Speaking especially to the different needs of men and women, sexual and gender minorities, the elderly, and people with disabilities, the chapter discusses how to reduce vulnerabilities through disaster risk reduction efforts. Finally, it talks about how inclusive humanitarian relief efforts lay a better foundation for recovery.
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"“Charitable” Assistance between Lay Foundations and Pontifical Initiatives." In A Companion to Early Modern Rome, 1492-1692, 199–213. BRILL, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004391963_013.
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Noah, Rubins, Papanastasiou Thomas-Nektarios, and Kinsella N Stephan. "Part III Investment Disputes and Political Risk, 10 Intervention of States in Investment Disputes." In International Investment, Political Risk, and Dispute Resolution. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808053.003.0011.
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This chapter discusses the actions that States may take to obtain redress against other States at whose hands their citizens are mistreated. Where no investment treaty binds home and host States, and where no other instrument offers the jurisdictional foundation for investor–State arbitration, a foreign investor may have no other remedy but to appeal to his government for assistance. A State’s intervention on behalf of its citizens may take several forms, ranging from informal diplomatic discussions to formal adversarial proceedings before ad hoc or standing international tribunals. The remainder of the chapter covers the “espousal” of claims, claims before international tribunals, economic sanctions, invalidation of title, prohibitions against the use of force, and the Foreign Claims Settlement Act of the United States.
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Francesca P, Albanese, and Takkenberg Lex. "Part One Historical and Legal Foundations, II Palestinian Refugees: A Distinctive Normative and Institutional Regime." In Palestinian Refugees in International Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784043.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the foundation of Palestinian refugees’ status in international law, as well as the characteristics of their distinctive institutional and normative regime compared to other refugees around the world. This distinctiveness stems from special arrangements the United Nations (UN) has made for them. This includes ad hoc UN agencies mandated to protect and assist Palestinian refugees, namely the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP) and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) as well as, under certain circumstances, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The chapter then considers both the genesis and meaning of Article 1D of the 1951 Refugee Convention, the provision specifically included with the Palestinian refugees in mind, including its recent interpretation and application, and various defintions of Palestine/Palestinian refugee offered for various purposes (i.e. assistance and relief, protection and durable solutions). It shows how the special arrangements for this group of refugees, put in place due to the circumstances of their displacement, were meant to ensure continuity of protection and how, the lack of durable solutions has made the arrangements set up for them, inclreasingly looking as an anomaly.
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Ellmann, Stephen. "Cause Lawyering in the Third World." In Cause Lawyering, 349–430. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195113198.003.0012.
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Abstract This essay is a sketch of cause lawyering in the Third World. The picture I present is not meant to be definitive, and indeed it is hard to imagine how a definitive portrait could be drawn, for there may now be thousands of cause lawyers at work in the nations of the South. Instead, this essay grows out of interviews conducted in May, 1991 with representatives of twenty-two public interest law groups from eighteen countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The sample is not random, for all of these groups had been brought together at a conference on “Public Interest Law around the World,” organized under the auspices of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund and with the funding assistance of the Ford Foundation. Thus these are groups with contacts in the West, and with at least enough confidence in the legitimacy of an enterprise funded by the Ford Foundation to be prepared to participate in it. As we will see, these may be important limitations on the representativeness of this sample.
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Saks, Michael J., and Barbara A. Spellman. "Introduction." In The Psychological Foundations of Evidence Law. NYU Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479880041.003.0001.
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Rules of evidence are designed to facilitate trials by controlling what evidence may be presented at trial. Those rules came into being, and evolved over time, due to changes in trial process and structure – especially following the rise of adversarial procedure, whereby control over the marshaling and presentation of facts shifted from judges to lawyers. Refinements and reforms continue to be undertaken to try to improve the scope and clarity of the rules. Trial judges must not only apply the rules, they also have the discretion to make rulings in light of their expectations of the impact they think the evidence will have on jurors. This task involves metacognition: one human trying to estimate the thought processes of others. Thus, evidence rulemakers have been and are, effectively, applied psychologists. The rules of evidence reflect their understanding of the psychological processes affecting, and capabilities and limitations of witnesses, lawyers and jurors. Psychological research and methods provide an additional source of insight and assistance in that endeavor. Better psychological understanding should lead to more effective rules. Psychologists typically employ the scientific method: empirically testing hypotheses in an effort to discover which are valid understandings of how people perceive, store, and retrieve information. To evaluate evidence rules, one could conduct experiments directly on a rule, or borrow from existing knowledge developed in basic research and see whether those understandings support existing or proposed evidence rules.
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Lucia, Cynthia. "Women on Trial." In Feminism, Media, and the Law, 146–68. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096286.003.0013.
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Abstract In the 1949 film, Adam’s Rib, often classified as a screwball comedy, Spencer Tracy plays Assistant D.A. Adam Bonner, married to attorney Amanda Bonner (Katharine Hepburn), whom he suddenly finds opposing him in the courtroom. Defending a woman accused of assaulting her unfaithful husband, Hepburn attempts to reread and reshape the law to reflect progressive values. Lecturing his wife, Tracy’s character clearly sees her action as an assault upon law, a challenge to the patriarchal foundations of the law, and by extension, a personal challenge to himself, as a man and as her husband: “Contempt for the law, that’s what you’ve got. It’s a disease, a spreading disease.
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Kant, Immanuel. "The Sage of Königsberg." In The Moral Argument, 19–33. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246365.003.0003.
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Better than anyone, Kant recognized the power and authority of the moral law. On that foundation he constructed two variants of the moral argument. His argument from grace pertains to whether or not the moral life is possible. Morality requires us to achieve a stand too demanding to meet on our own. Divine assistance is needed to close the resulting gap. So rationality dictates that we postulate God’s existence. Kant’s argument from providence pertains to the aforementioned rational need for happiness and virtue to cohere. Full rational commitment to morality requires that morality is a rationally stable enterprise, which entails the ultimate correspondence between virtue and (both individual and corporate) fulfillment. Without God’s existence there’s no particularly good reason to think such correspondence obtains. So rationality dictates the postulation of God’s existence.
Conference papers on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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Horan, Ben, Ali Ghanbari, Saeid Nahavandi, XiaoQi Chen, and Wenhui Wang. "Towards Haptic Microrobotic Intracellular Injection." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87822.
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This paper proposes a system providing the operator with an intuitive method for controlling a micromanipulator during intracellular injection. A low-cost haptic device is utilised and 3D position-to-position kinematic mapping allows the operator to control the micropipette using a similar method to handheld needle insertion. The workspaces of the haptic device and micromanipulator are analysed and the importance of appropriate scaling to positioning resolution and tracking performance is investigated. The control issues integral to achieving adequate control of the micromanipulator using the Phantom Omni haptic device are addressed. Aside from offering an intuitive method for controlling the micropipette, this work lays the foundation for real-time haptic assistance in the cell injection task.
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Blomgren, Connie, Martha Cleveland-Innes, and Elena Chudaeva. "Global Viewpoints on Open Educational Resources for Blended Learning." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.5737.
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OER are considered a key component to meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) as well as being foundational to meeting the other remaining sixteen goals. For several years, the Blended Learning Practice MOOC has been offered in a partnership between Athabasca University and the Commonwealth of Learning. The Global Viewpoints on Open Educational Resources for Blended Learning research project analyszed mooc data to explore the following research question: What are the impressions of cMOOC participants with regards to Open Educational Resources as part of blended learning and teaching? Through the assistance of Athabasca University’s Research Centre's Idea Lab, and the use of digital tools including natural language processing and machine learning, cMOOC participants' discussion forum posts on Open Educational Resources provided initial findings reported upon in this paper and that will be further analyzed using a Force Field Analysis methodology. Researchers report upon the use of cloud-based computing provided by Amazon Web Services and their research arm RONIN as well as the making of a digital management plan.
Reports on the topic "Lay assistance foundation"
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Armas, Elvira, and Magaly Lavadenz. Bilingual Teacher Residencies in California: Findings and Recommendations for Policy and Practice. Center for Equity for English Learners, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.14.
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This research brief presents a study that explores one type of teacher residency program, bilingual teacher residencies (BTRs). The Center for Equity for English Learners at Loyola Marymount University (LMU CEEL) partnered with the Californians Dedication to Education Foundation (CDEF) to investigate BTRs participating in CDEF’s California Teacher Residency Lab (The Lab). To expand the knowledge base around bilingual teacher residencies and provide policy and practice recommendations, researchers conducted interviews with a sample of BTR grantee program leaders to capture and analyze their perspectives regarding BTRs based on their implementation phase and context. Four key findings emerged: (1) Bilingual Teacher Residencies are building on community cultural and linguistic wealth; (2) Bilingual Teacher Residencies focus on critical consciousness and culturally responsive and sustaining teaching; (3) Strong district-university partnerships facilitated collaborative program design and problem solving; and (4) Candidates in BTRs face greater financial barriers to becoming teachers than other teacher residency candidates. Based upon the findings, the authors propose three recommendations for policy and practice to ensure California’s BTRs can serve as a vehicle for addressing bilingual teacher shortages at the state and local levels: (1) Ensure systemic coherence and information sharing across agencies and efforts; (2) Build on the efforts of the California Teacher Residency Lab (The Lab) as well as the newly formed State Regional Technical Assistance Center (SRTAC) to provide differentiated, high-quality technical assistance/supports; and (3) Ensure sustainability of BTRs into the future through funding and knowledge building.
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Lewis, Dustin, ed. Database of States’ Statements (August 2011–October 2016) concerning Use of Force in relation to Syria. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/ekmb4241.
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Many see armed conflict in Syria as a flashpoint for international law. The situation raises numerous unsettling questions, not least concerning normative foundations of the contemporary collective-security and human-security systems, including the following: Amid recurring reports of attacks directed against civilian populations and hospitals with seeming impunity, what loss of legitimacy might law suffer? May—and should—states forcibly intervene to prevent (more) chemical-weapons attacks? If the government of Syria is considered unwilling or unable to obviate terrorist threats from spilling over its borders into other countries, may another state forcibly intervene to protect itself (and others), even without Syria’s consent and without an express authorization of the U.N. Security Council? What began in Daraa in 2011 as protests escalated into armed conflict. Today, armed conflict in Syria implicates a multitude of people, organizations, states, and entities. Some are obvious, such as the civilian population, the government, and organized armed groups (including designated terrorist organizations, for example the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS). Other implicated actors might be less obvious. They include dozens of third states that have intervened or otherwise acted in relation to armed conflict in Syria; numerous intergovernmental bodies; diverse domestic, foreign, and international courts; and seemingly innumerable NGOs. Over time, different states have adopted wide-ranging and diverse approaches to undertaking measures (or not) concerning armed conflict in Syria, whether in relation to the government, one or more armed opposition groups, or the civilian population. Especially since mid-2014, a growing number of states have undertaken military operations directed against ISIS in Syria. For at least a year-and-a-half, Russia has bolstered military strategies of the Syrian government. At least one state (the United States) has directed an operation against a Syrian military base. And, more broadly, many states provide (other) forms of support or assistance to the government of Syria, to armed opposition groups, or to the civilian population. Against that backdrop, the Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict (HLS PILAC) set out to collect states’ statements made from August 2011 through November 2016 concerning use of force in relation to Syria. A primary aim of the database is to provide a comparatively broad set of reliable resources regarding states’ perspectives, with a focus on legal parameters. A premise underlying the database is that through careful documentation of diverse approaches, we can better understand those perspectives. The intended audience of the database is legal practitioners. The database is composed of statements made on behalf of states and/or by state officials. For the most part, the database focuses on statements regarding legal parameters concerning use of force in relation to Syria. HLS PILAC does not pass judgment on whether each statement is necessarily legally salient for purposes of international law. Nor does HLS PILAC seek to determine whether a particular statement may be understood as an expression of opinio juris or an act of state practice (though it might be).