Relevant bibliographies by topics / Law on abortion

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Law on abortion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Atmadja, Sardjana. "“Halal” Abortion in Perspective Common Law system,Civil Law System and Ius Constituendum : Towards Legality and Safety." Avicenna Medical Journal 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/avicenna.v1i2.17657.

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Background: To safe services in hygienic conditions must be made widely available and affordable, so that the stigma associated with providing and obtaining abortions can lessen and safe services can become normal and accepted, abortion is broadly legal, widely available and safe in Indonesia.Objective: The purpose of this article to discuss ius constituendum on abortion in Indonesia from criminal law perspective between Common Law System and Civil Law System.In Indonesia Ius Contituendum on abortion is not directed to legalization of abortion as carried out both in Netherland and USA but tends to be harmonized with therapeutic abortion concept both medical and psychiatric fields.Material and Method: Systematic review of studies evaluating the prevalence of unsafe abortion in Indonesia.Results: The public health tragedy caused by unsafe abortion is all the more so because it is largely preventable, by improving the quality and availability of post abortion care, by making abortion legal and increasing access to safe services, and—because almost every abortion is preceded by an unintended pregnancy—by expanding access to contraceptive information and services. Restrictive laws have much less impact on stopping women from ending an unwanted pregnancy than on forcing those who are determined to do so to seek out clandestine means. Ironically, the abortion laws governing of Indonesia is holdovers from the colonial era.Conclutions: “Halal” abortion is making a significant contribution toward reducing the need for abortion altogether and the likelihood of unsafe abortion by bringing down the rates of unintended pregnancy. This is also helping to reduce complications of unsafe abortion through its support for programs to increase access to and improve post abortion care. This includes not only treatment for septic or incomplete abortion, but also essential post abortion.Keywords: “Halal” abortion, the public health tragedy, unintended pregnancy Common law system,Civil law system and Ius Constituendum.
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López Gómez, Alejandra, and Elina Carril Berro. "Efectos del aborto clandestino en la subjetividad de las mujeres: resultados de una investigación cualitativa en Uruguay." Cuestiones de género: de la igualdad y la diferencia, no. 5 (December 15, 2010): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/cg.v0i5.3784.

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La dimensión subjetiva implicada en el proceso de aborto voluntario en contextos de ilegalidad y penalización ha sido escasamente explorada. Cuando un aborto se produce en la clandestinidad es, por definición, un aborto inseguro, independientemente de las condiciones sanitarias en el cual éste tenga lugar. El contexto de ilegalidad y penalización se transforma en un texto que determina la experiencia y sus resultados médicos, psicológicos, familiares, sociales y jurídicos. El estudio se realizó en base a un diseño cualitativo con entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres que abortaron clandestinamente en los últimos 15 años en Uruguay. Los hallazgos permitieron conocer los factores subjetivos asociados a las experiencias de aborto en un contexto, como el uruguayo, donde la práctica es tipificada como delito por la ley vigente en el país.<br /><br />The subjective dimension involved in the process of voluntary abortion in contexts of illegality and criminalization hasn't been studied in depth. A clandestine abortion is, by definition, an unsafe abortion, regardless of the sanitary conditions under which it takes place. The context of illegality and criminalization turns into a text that determines the experience and the medical, psychological, family, social and legal outcome. The study was carried out on the basis of a qualitative design with in-depth interviews to women who underwent clandestine abortions in the past 15 years in Uruguay. The findings allowed for the discovery of the subjective factors associated to abortion experiences in a context, such as the Uruguayan, where the practice is defined as a crime by the law in force.<br /><br />
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Anderson, Barbara. "Abortion law." New Scientist 216, no. 2894 (December 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(12)63134-0.

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Whelan, Roxana. "Abortion law." Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 33, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1783/147118907779399710.

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Medoff, Marshall H. "Unintended Pregnancies, Restrictive Abortion Laws, and Abortion Demand." ISRN Economics 2012 (December 16, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/612081.

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This study examines the effect restrictive state abortion laws have on the pregnancy resolution decisions of women with unintended pregnancies. The empirical results find that the abortion ratio and the abortion rate of unintended pregnancies are more sensitive to increases in the abortion price than previous estimates that analyzed total pregnancies (unintended and intended). A Medicaid funding restriction has very little effect on a state's abortion rate of unintended pregnancies, but causes a larger decrease in the number of abortions of unintended pregnancies than previous estimates. A parental involvement law is associated with a significant reduction in a state's abortion ratio and the abortion rate of unintended pregnancies, which suggests that the law may have a behavioral modification effect. Neither a mandatory counseling law nor a two-visit law has a significant effect on a state's abortion ratio and the abortion rate of unintended pregnancies.
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Sherwani, Azim A. Khan, and M. Minhajul Haq. "Illegal Abortions and Women's Reproductive Health." Medical Law International 3, no. 2-3 (March 1998): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096853329800300309.

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Deliberate termination of pregnancy is called induced abortion. It may be legal or illegal (if it violates any provision of “termination law”). Illegal and unsafe abortion is a hazard for women's reproductive health. In India, a tenth of maternal deaths are due to septic abortions. We do have termination law, which only barks but does not bite. There is a need to support the campaign for legal and safe abortion to protect the hundreds of thousands of women who are silenced by their early deaths due to unsafe illegal abortions.
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Alexander, Lily T., Evelyn Fuentes-Rivera, Biani Saavedra-Avendaño, Raffaela Schiavon, Noe Maldonado Rueda, Bernardo Hernández, Alison L. Drake, and Blair G. Darney. "Utilisation of second-trimester spontaneous and induced abortion services in public hospitals in Mexico, 2007–2015." BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health 45, no. 4 (August 14, 2019): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2018-200300.

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BackgroundData on utilisation of in-facility second-trimester abortion services are sparse. We describe temporal and geographical trends in utilisation of in-facility second-trimester abortion services across Mexico.MethodsWe used 2007–2015 data from Mexico’s Automated Hospital Discharge System (SAEH) to identify second-trimester abortive events (ICD O02-O08) in public hospitals across Mexico’s 32 states. We described utilisation, calculated rates using population data, and used logistic regression to identify woman- and state-level factors (municipality-level marginalisation, state-level abortion law) associated with utilisation of second-trimester versus first-trimester services.ResultsWe identified 145 956 second-trimester abortions, or 13.4% of total documented hospitalizations for abortion between 2007 to 2015. The annual utilisation rate of second-trimester abortion remained constant, between 0.5 to 0.6 per 1000 women aged 15–44 years. Women living in highly marginalised municipalities had 1.43 higher odds of utilising abortions services in their second versus their first trimester, when compared with women in municipalities with low marginalisation (95% CI 1.18 to 1.73). Living in a state with a health or fetal anomaly exception to abortion restrictions was not associated with higher utilisation of second-trimester abortion services.ConclusionsOur results suggest there is a need for all types of second-trimester abortion services in Mexico. To improve health outcomes for Mexican women, especially the most vulnerable, access to safe second-trimester abortion services must be ensured through the implementation of current legal exceptions and renewed attention to the training of healthcare providers.
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Huntington, Clare. "Abortion Talk." Michigan Law Review, no. 117.6 (2019): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.36644/mlr.117.6.abortion.

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Neal, Mary. "Devolving Abortion Law." Edinburgh Law Review 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2016.0375.

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Field, Martha A. "Abortion law today." Journal of Legal Medicine 14, no. 1 (March 1993): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01947649309510901.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Makenzius, Micael. "Global and Regional Patterns of Abortion Laws, Abortions and Maternal Mortality." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189339.

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Background: Restrictions on induced abortion varies widely across the globe and so does the rate of induced abortion and maternal mortality (MM). Safe abortions – done by trained providers in hygienic settings and early medical abortions carry fewer health risks and reduce maternal mortality rates (MMR). However, nearly 7 million women in developing countries are treated for complications from unsafe abortions annually, and at least 22,000 die from abortion-related complications every year. Aim: The aim was to explore national and regional patterns of abortion laws, the abortions percentages and the maternal mortality rates (MMR), to see if patterns could be distinguished and how they differentiate to each other. Method: With a shape-file containing polygons representing the world’s countries, and the computer program ArcMap, was used to gather and join data. Result: The result showed that many African countries has a restrictive abortion law, and they also have a high MMR. In the Nordic countries they have a liberalized abortion law and they have low MMR. Another finding is that a restricted abortion law does not correspond to a low percentage of abortions. This is clearly demonstrated in South America, where they have a high abortion percentage, and extremely restricted abortion laws. Conclusion: This result revealed patterns showing that countries with restricted abortion laws, does not contribute to a low MMR, and restricted abortion law does not decrease the percentage of abortions.
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Cica, Natasha. "Abortion law in Australia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621215.

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Burkhardt, Alan Thomas. "The relationship between law and morality in the question of abortion." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.

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Conroy, Mary. "The New York Times ad a canonical analysis /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.

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Nijsten, Machteld. "Abortion and constitutional law : a comparative European-American study /." Florence : European university institute, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35732666z.

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Arndt, Kenneth Gordon. "Abortion counseling for pastors a guide from the scriptures promoting law and grace /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Bose, Feler. "Evolutionary impulses in law." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/2986.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--George Mason University, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 17, 2008). Thesis directors: Charles K. Rowley, Duncan Black. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics. Vita: p. 206. Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-203). Also available in print.
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Mendes, Carlos Renato Oliveira. "Discurso acerca do aborto de anencéfalos no julgamento pelo supremo tribunal federal da adpf 54 em face da supremacia do direito à vida no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro." Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11394.

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Este trabalho analisa os aspectos legais, princípios e axiomas jurídicos diante do julgamento da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 54 no Supremo Tribunal Federal, referente à descriminalização do aborto de feto anencéfalo, por conta da ação da Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores da Saúde. Para justificar o posicionamento final adotado neste estudo a respeito da temática central, perante o discurso jurídico de aborto de anencéfalos, qual seja, a inadequação do decisum pela Suprema Corte frente à defesa da vida humana, frisam-se as conquistas constitucionais, o respeito à separação dos Poderes, tendo por consequência ilegitimidade da Corte Máxima para admissão de terceira hipótese de abortamento e a valoração jurídica pela sociedade brasileira do bem supremo da vida humana; enfatiza a necessidade de invocação de princípios, observados como máximas de otimização; destaca a prevalência do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana como um verdadeiro norteador dos demais; verifica que os princípios gerais do Direito, incluindo-se ainda os princípios bioéticos, são de suma importância para a proteção do bem maior defendido pelo princípio basilador da dignidade da pessoa humana: a preservação da vida humana. A necessidade de proteção da vida humana é corroborada com o método da redução eidética de Edmund Husserl, posto que seu enfoque central se define, na análise reducionista, pela existência de vida humana e ainda pelo denominado bioconsequencialismo. Demonstra que o caminho de autorização do abortamento de anencéfalos escolhido pela Suprema Corte causa risco aos nascituros brasileiros, como já averiguado pela propositura do anteprojeto de Reforma de Código Penal em malefício dos embriões. Finalmente, ressalta que a problemática tem incomodado diversos setores sociais, que reagem ao dilema, a ponto de ser discutido no Congresso Nacional a promulgação do Estatuto do Nascituro.
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Wong, Stephanie Lynne. "Health implications of Hong Kong abortion laws." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193849.

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Abortion is a difficult topic to discuss and grasp. Whether it is a dilemma of personal morals and ethics, religion, or simply the nature of the act – the privacy and intimacy of an abortion often causes uneasiness when discussing. To make matters more difficult, there are many issues to consider in addition to deciding whether one wants to attain an abortion; social stigma, cost, parental consent, procedure availability, and more may exacerbate the woman’s situation. In Hong Kong, where the number of legal abortion procedures are limited in public hospitals and costs soar to extreme amounts, many women seeking abortions fall through the cracks and must seek alternative ways of having this time-sensitive procedure fulfilled. As Hong Kong continues to Westernize and liberally develop into comparably one of the most advanced cities in the world, it is important to note that Hong Kong law does not permit a women to rightfully attain a abortion by mere free will. This report seeks to analyze the trials and tribulations that women must face to prevent the need of an abortion as well as the difficulties in procuring one. The methods of researching articles through scholarly sources is detailed and depicted with a flowchart; reasons for inclusion and exclusion are noted. Entailed in the results section is also a comprehensive analysis of the gaps in Hong Kong’s abortion laws; discussed are the problems women endure when trying to satisfy Hong Kong’s legal requirements for abortion procedures as well as when they avoid the legal and/or medical system altogether. Supporting evidence, facts, and figures of historical prices and methods of abortions are displayed in the results section to support the dissertation argument. Finally, a discussion involving recommendations and how to move forward are suggested in order to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies and therefore abortions in Hong Kong.
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Greasley, Kate. "Life before birth : abortion and prenatal personhood in morality and law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:33ca0400-9e6a-4f83-b8f1-711dbfce1751.

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This thesis is about the legal and moral status of abortion. It is primarily concerned with the metaphysical status of the foetus, with particular attention to the question whether the foetus is properly characterised as a person in the philosophical sense. The argument of the thesis proceeds in two parts. The first part surveys certain lines of argument to the effect that the question of prenatal personhood is immaterial to the moral and legal permissibility of abortion. Against these claims, it argues that the personhood status of the foetus is indeed central to the moral and legal appraisal of abortion practice. The second part focuses on the metaphysical question in its own right. The thesis proposes a theoretical underpinning for the ‘gradualist’ view of human life before birth, according to which the human foetus is a fuller instantiation of a person the more biologically developed it is. It sets out to defend the kernel of the gradualist thesis against a cluster of criticisms, commonly advanced by those who endorse the belief that the personhood of human beings begins at conception. One notable challenge of this sort, which the thesis aims to address, asserts that any graduated account of personhood before birth is logically inconsistent with basic human equality. Finally, the thesis considers a few practical implications for the legal regulation of abortion stemming from the gradualist thesis, and the rule of law standards by which a regulatory framework must abide.
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Books on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Muckala, Kathy. Oklahoma abortion law overview. [Oklahoma City]: Oklahoma House of Representatives, 2001.

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Kingston, James. Abortion and the law. Dublin: Round Hall Sweet & Maxwell, 1997.

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Muckala, Kathy. Oklahoma abortion law overview. [Oklahoma City, Okla.]: The Division, 1997.

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Muckala, Kathy. Oklahoma abortion law overview. [Oklahoma City?]: Oklahoma House of Representatives, 1998.

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Eser, Albin, and Hans-Georg Koch. Abortion and the Law. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-625-1.

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Naden, Corinne J. Abortion. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2008.

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Merino, Noël. Abortion. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

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Abortion. New York, NY: Facts on File, 1996.

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Merino, Noël. Abortion. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

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M, Brown Caroline, ed. Abortion. New York: Facts on File, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Stodolsky, Muhammed V., and Aasim I. Padela. "Abortion in Hanaf ī Law." In Abortion, 127–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63023-2_10.

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Glantz, Leonard H. "Abortion." In Genetics and the Law III, 295–307. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4952-5_21.

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Goold, Imogen, and Jonathan Herring. "Abortion." In Great Debates in Medical Law and Ethics, 138–58. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-32747-5_6.

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Daly, Brenda. "Abortion Law in Ireland." In Legal and Forensic Medicine, 1309–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32338-6_82.

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Cook, Kate, Mark James, and Richard Lee. "Abortion Act 1967." In Core Statutes on Criminal Law, 1–2. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54431-5_1.

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Cossey, Dilys. "Campaigning for Abortion Law Reform." In Abortion Law and Politics Today, 20–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26876-4_3.

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Eser, Albin, and Hans-Georg Koch. "Introduction." In Abortion and the Law, 3. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-625-1_1.

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Eser, Albin, and Hans-Georg Koch. "Special Role of the Physician." In Abortion and the Law, 153–63. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-625-1_11.

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Eser, Albin, and Hans-Georg Koch. "Preventive Measures." In Abortion and the Law, 164–70. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-625-1_12.

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Eser, Albin, and Hans-Georg Koch. "II. 7 Role of Termination of Pregnancy in the Prosecutorial Arena." In Abortion and the Law, 171–74. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-625-1_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Olatokun, Ganiat Mobolaji. "CEDAW and Abortion Right for Nigerian Women." In 6th Annual International Conference on Law, Regulations and Public Policy (LRPP 2017). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3809_lrpp17.10.

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Mustapha, Mariam Abdulraheem. "An Empirical Analysis Of The Criminal Law And Religious Perspectives Of Abortion In Nigeria." In 6th Annual International Conference on Law, Regulations and Public Policy (LRPP 2017). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3809_lrpp17.23.

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Conard, J., M. H. Horellou, P. Van Dreden, and M. Samama. "PREGNANCY AND CONGENITAL DEFICIENCY IN ANTITHROMBIN III OR PROTEIN C." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642942.

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Pregnancy as well as congenital deficiency in coagulation inhibitors are recognized as predisposing conditions to thrombosis. Thus, in women with a congenital deficiency, the risk of thrombosis associated to pregnancy is expected to be higher than in normal women (incidence of approximately 1°/..). We have investigated this risk in 16 women with congenital Antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency and in 31 with Protein C (PC) deficiency.In the 16 women with AT III deficiency, 30 pregnancies occured 3 of them were interrupted by provoked abortions and a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism were observed in 2 patients after abortion. Of the 27 other pregnancies, in the absence of any anticoagulant treatment, 17 were complicated by thrombosis (62 %), either during pregnancy (n = 8) or in the post-partun period (n = 9).In the group of 31 women with PC deficiency, 82 pregnancies occured : 16 ended with a provoked abortion, followed by a DVT in one case. Out of the 66 other pregnancies, 17 (25 %) were associated with thrombosis, during pregnancy (n = 5) or in the post-partum (n = 12).Thus, pregnancy is a situation at high risk of thrombosis in PC deficient women, and even higher in AT III deficient ones. No standardized anticoagulant prophylaxis being available, various anticoagulant treatments (mainly SC heparin) were given at various doses, started at different moments of pregnancy to 6 AT III and 3 PC deficient women : 3 and O thrombosis occured respectively.In the post-partum, a thrombosis was observed in 1 of 4 AT III and 2 of 4 PC deficient women who received a treatment. Consequently, an efficient treatment remains to be determined.If a pregnancy is unwanted, estroprogestogens are contra-indicated but progestogen only treatments with chlormadinone acetate, levonorgestrel or low dose of norethisterone were given to 4 AT III and 6 PC deficient women who were simultaneously receiving AVK : no recurrence of thrombosis was observed afer 1 to 3 years of treatment.
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Barbui, T., S. Cortelazzo, M. Galli, F. Parazzini, E. Radici, and E. Rossi. "LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT AND REPEATED ABORTIONS: A CASE- CONTROL STUDY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643655.

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In the last few years a role of Lupus Anticoagulant (LAC) in the aetiology of repeated spontaneous abortions and intrauterine deaths has been repeatedly suggested. To quantify this association few da ta are available, since the published reports are generally based on uncontrolled and small clinical series. We have analyzed data from a case-control study conducted in Bergamo and Milan, two contiguous provinces in Lombardia, Italy. Cases were 63 women, mean age 30 years, range 23-40, with 2 or more "sine causa" spontaneous abortions (repeated abortions) admitted between March 1985 and December 1986 to the Ospedali Riuniti of Bergamo and Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento of Milan. Controls were 63 women, mean age 32 years, range 20-49, with 1 or more live births and without spon taneous abortions, admitted to the same Institutions for neither gynaecological nor cardiovascular acute conditions. Informations were collected on sociodemographic factors, gynaecological and obstetrical data and related medical history. LAC was diagnosed according to the Working Party reccomandations (1983) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) according to the revised criteria of ihe American Rheumatism Association (1982). 11 out of 63 cases (17%) (95% confidence interval ranging from 9.5% to 34% based on the Poisson's approximation) were LAC positive, whereas in none of 63 controls this inhibitor was detected (X2 1adjusted for age = 10.1, p= 0.02). Similarly SLE was diagnosed in 4 cases (all having a Lupus Anticoagulant) and in none control (x2 1adjusted for age= 4.17, p=0.02). These findings confirm that LAC is associated with a positive history of repeated abortions, being present in about 10% of the cases. Conclusive estimate of relative risk is prevented by the small control gr'oup size (i.e. lack of positivity for LAC in controls), but very elevated risk (many tenfold increase) is sugge. sted.
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Criel, A., B. Gilbert, A. Van Hoof, M. Hidajat, and A. Louwagie. "COMPARISION OF THE DETECTION OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS USING THREE DIFFERENT METHODS AND THE PRESENCE OF ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644233.

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Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) is an antibody directed against phospholipids which prolongs in vitro clotting assays. Several detection methods have been described; however all give some different results. Recently ELISA and RIA assays have been developed which detect IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies. The aim of our study was to compare three different LAC tests with an ELISA anti-cardiolipin test. The tests used were : kaolin clotting time (KCT or Exnertest), tissue thromboplastin inhibition test (TTI or Schleider test), activated partial thromboplastin time using a 50, 100, 200 fold dilution of the phospholipid preparation (APTT dilution test), and an IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin ELISA test. 114 samples of patients suffering from diseases known to be accompanied with LAC antibodies (auto-immune diseases, recurrent abortion, thromboembolism, etc.) were studied. Positivity with one of the tests was found in 45 patients (39%). Patients with the diagnosis of SLE or otherimmune diseases showed the highest positivity (56%) whereas those with thromboembolism, recurrent abortion etc. were only positive in 27%.Among these 45 positive patients the TTI was positive in 41 cases (91 %);however in 10 cases (24 %) this was the only positivity found. The KCT test and the APTT dilution test were both positive in 18 cases (40 %). Anti-cardiolipin antibodies were found in 21 patients (47 %): IgG only in 12 (27 %), IgM only in 5 (11 %), both IgG and IgM in 2 (4 %); in 19 of these 21 patientsthe TTI was also positive.In our study the TTI test seems to be the most sensitive test but possibly also the test with the highest aspecific positivities. IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies were less frequently found than expected.
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Forestier, F., F. Daffos, M. Rainaut, P. Cornu, A. Deschamps, and F. Toulemonde. "MAY LMW (CY 216) BE ADMINISTERED DURING PREGNANCY ?" In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643598.

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One of the main problems related to the use of fractionated heparin during pregnancy concerns its transplacental passage.Previous studies showed LMW heparin fraction CY 216 has no teratogenic effects, and when labelled, does not cross the placental barrier in animal, and does not appear into the milk.We studied the transplacental passage following subcutaneous administration of large dosage (17.500 AXa IC u) in 7 women who where going to have an abortion during the third trimester of gestation because of severe fetal malformation, after informed consent.Blood samples were taken before and 3 h after injection from che mother , from the fetuses 3 h after mother injection -using ultrasound guidance of the needle and aspiration of blood in the umbilical vein.Biological assays showed that the effects are clearly observable in mother, whereas no change was observed from the fetus.Thus, it was justifiable to treat, for several reasons, 22 patients using CY 216 during a period of 2 to 5 weeks before delivery. Treatments were successful and no complication has been observed. The cord blood samples at birth never showed any biological activity.These data seem to clearly indicate that there is no passage through the placental barrier of CY 216 which offers a new possibility of treatment during pregnancy.
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Borrell, M., J. Fontcuberta, E. Muñiz, E. Grau, and A. Oliver. "FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY AND OTHER COAGULATION PROTEINS IN PATIENTS WITH LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644237.

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Patients with lupus anticoagulant (LA) is a group with recognised risk of thrombosis. In order to study the possible causes of this tendency, we have studied the fibrinolytic activity and some other coagulation parameters considered as thrombotic markers in a group of 12 patients with LA. Half of them had presented thrombotic disease and/or recurrent abortions. 3 patients presented systemic lupus erythematosus and in the other 9 we couldn't detect any connective tissue disorder. The following tests were performed: tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity, t-PA antigen, t-PA inhibitor, fibrin plates with and without kaolin, -antiplasmin, plasminogen, prekallikrein, antithrombin III, protein C, protein S. The results were analysed comparing the values obtained in LA group with respect to normal values, and among the LA group between patients who had suffered from thrombotic disease and those who did not.The results obtained did not show significant differences between control group and LA patients except in t-PA activity which was found decreased in LA group: 1.86±0.89 versus 3.0±0.94 in control group (meantstandard deviation). Among this group there were no differences between patients who had suffered from thrombotic disease and those who didn’t.From these results we suggest that unpaired t-PA activity may contribute but not be the only responsible factor for the dvelopment of thrombosis in these patients.
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Reports on the topic "Law on abortion"

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Bankole, Akinrinola, Lisa Remez, Onikepe Owolabi, Jesse Philbin, and Patrice Williams. From Unsafe to Safe Abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa: Slow but Steady Progress. Guttmacher Institute, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2020.32446.

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This report represents the first comprehensive compilation of information about abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa and its four subregions. It offers a panorama of this hard-to-measure practice by assembling data on the incidence and safety of abortion, the extent to which the region’s laws restrict abortion, and how these laws have changed between 2000 and 2019. Many countries in this region have incrementally broadened the legal grounds for abortion, improved the safety of abortions, and increased the quality and reach of postabortion care. There is still much progress to be made, however, including enabling the region’s women to avoid unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The report concludes with recommendations for a broad range of actors to improve the sexual and reproductive health and autonomy of the region’s 255 million women of reproductive age.
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Joyce, Theodore, Robert Kaestner, and Jason Ward. The Impact of Parental Involvement Laws on Minor Abortion. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25758.

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Thompson, Jill, Chi-Chi Undie, Avni Amin, Ronald Johnson, Rajat Khosla, Ian Askew, Leopold Ouedraogo, et al. Harmonizing national abortion and pregnancy prevention laws and policies for sexual violence survivors with the Maputo Protocol. Population Council, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1031.

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Joyce, Theodore, and Michael Grossman. The Dynamic Relationship between Low Birthweight and Induced Abortion in New York City: An Aggregate Time-Series Analysis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3211.

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.
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Unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Rajasthan, India: A qualitative exploration. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1014.

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As part of a Population Council program of research on unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Rajasthan, the Council and Ibtada conducted a qualitative exploration of attitudes and behaviors regarding unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Alwar district. The study was intended to lay the groundwork for two quantitative studies on abortion undertaken subsequently in six districts of Rajasthan. The qualitative exploration shows that women, particularly those who are poor, turn to largely untrained community-level providers for abortion services. Additionally, women use home remedies in an often unsuccessful attempt to terminate unwanted pregnancies. Women with greater financial means obtain surgical services from a private gynecologist. The remaining women are left with little choice but to avail of services from informal providers that they often recognize to be unsafe and/or to carry unwanted pregnancies to term. This report encourages innovative means to improve access to legal, safe, and effective abortion services at lower levels of the public health system, and suggests that the feasibility of training certain informal providers to offer safe abortion services, particularly at early gestations, should be explored at the policy, program, and research levels.
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