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Academic literature on the topic 'Law of March 13 2000'

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Published: 4 November 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Keith Hall, Christopher. "The First Five Sessions of the UN Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court." American Journal of International Law 94, no. 4 (October 2000): 773–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2589805.

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On June 30, 2000, at the conclusion of its fifth session, the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court (Preparatory Commission or commission) completed the first phase of its work with the adoption of draft Elements of Crimes and Rules of Procedure and Evidence (Rules). The first five sessions took place from February 16 to 26, July 26 to August 13, and November 29 to December 17,1999, and from March 13 to 31, and J u n e 12 to 30, 2000.On July 17, 1998, the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of the International Criminal Court (Diplomatic Conference) had adopted the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Statute). At the same time, it decided “to take all possible measures to ensure the coming into operation of the International Criminal Court without undue delay and to make the necessary arrangements for the commencement of its functions,” purposes for which it established the Preparatory Commission.

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Armenteros, Mercedes Fernández, and Jürgen Lefevere. "European Court of Justice, 13 March 2001,Case C‐379/98, PreussenElektra Aktiengesellschaft v. Schleswag Aktiengesellschaft." Review of European Community & International Environmental Law 10, no. 3 (November 2001): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9388.00294.

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Márquez Lasso, Daniel E. "The concept of abuse in tax matters within European Union law." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 13, no. 2 (September 10, 2021): 362–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2021.6263.

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The principle of prohibition of abuse of rights is applicable in fields as varied as the free movement of goods (judgment of 10 of January 1985, Association des Centres distributeurs Leclerc and Thouars Distribution, Case 229/83), freedom to provide services (judgment of 3 of February 1993, Veronica Omroep Organisatie, Case C‑148/91), public service contracts (judgment of 11 of December 2014, Azienda sanitaria locale n. 5 Spezzino and Others, Case C‑113/13), freedom of establishment (judgment of 9 of March 1999, Centros, Case C‑212/97), company law (judgment of 23 of March 2000, Diamantis, Case C‑373/97), social security (judgments of 2 of May 1996, Paletta, Case C‑206/94; of 6 of February 2018, Altun and Others, Case C‑359/16; and of 11 of July 2018, Commission v Belgium, Case C‑356/15), transport (judgment of 6 of April 2006, Agip Petroli, Case C‑456/04), social policy (judgment of 28 of July 2016, Kratzer, Case C‑423/15), restrictive measures (judgment of 21 of December 2011, Afrasiabi and Others, Case C‑72/11) and value added tax (judgment of 21 of February 2006, Halifax and Others, Case C‑255/02) and, in that sense, the EU principle of prohibition of abuse of law has been developing within the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union since the mid-1970s, addressing it in multiple ways, not only in the face of different factual assumptions, which would be understandable and even necessary but, in its evolution, treating asymmetrically the handling of the requirements that must be met to reach the conclusion of the existence of practices abusive.

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Emmerechts, Sam, and Ann Goossens. "Case C-379/98, PreussenElektra AG v. Schleswag AG, Judgment of the Full Court of 13 March 2001." Common Market Law Review 38, Issue 4 (August 1, 2001): 991–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/357068.

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Kvasha, Oksana, and Vadim Levchuk. "CREATION OF NON-STATUTORY PARAMILITARY OR ARMED GROUPS (ARTICLE 260 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE): BASIC LEGAL POSITIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT." Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine, no. 4(37) (July 7, 2022): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37566/2707-6849-2021-4(37)-13.

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This article focuses on problem related to the legal positions of the Supreme Court regarding an element of a crime provided for by Art. 260 “Creation of Militarized or Armed Formations Not Provided for by Law” of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. There were analyzed the dynamics of registered crimes provided for by Art. 260 of the present Code, the number of persons to whom were given notices of suspicion or they were convicted or acquitted, and the proceedings on which were closed during 2000-2005. The influence of dynamics on judicial practice is determined. The article determines decisions of the Supreme Court that contain legal positions on the application of Art. 260 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The rulings of the Supreme Court of March 26, 2018 in the proceeding № 423/519/15-k of October 17, 2018 in the proceeding № 428/6916/14-k concern when a person becomes a member of a militarized or armed formation not provided for by law and, respectively, when he or she can be prosecuted to criminal responsibility under Art. 260 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. These decisions state that the courts shall establish whether such a person has consented to participate in the activities of such a formation and whether he or she has taken an active part in its activities. In case specified circumstances are not established, criminal responsibility according to Art. 260 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is excluded. The rulings of the Supreme Court of 27 May 2020 in the proceeding № 296/2803/16-k and of 3 December 2020 in the proceeding № 310/686/17 contain a legal position regarding the qualification of the actions of a member of such a formation, which is a structural part of a terrorist organization “DNR” or “LNR”. The first decision states that the actions of a person shall be qualified in conjunction with Articles 260 and 258-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and in the other one - under Art. 258-3 of this Code only. Based on the analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and scientific literature, it is proposed to qualify the actions of participants of militarized or armed formations not provided for by law, which are structural parts of the terrorist organizations “DNR” and “LNR”, under Art. 260 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

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TEREKHOV, Alexey, Nurlan ABAYEV, and Evgeny LAGUTIN. "PATTERNS OF THE CENTRAL ASIA SNOW COVER DURING 2001-2021." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 13, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2021-13-4-497-504.

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The aim of the work is to study the patterns in long-term snow regime of highland pastures of the Inner Tien Shan. Methods: The daily Snow Depth FEWS NET scenes for Central Asia were used for monitoring of snow cover of four test sites. Three test sites were located on the plains of South Kazakhstan near Tien Shan mountains. The primary test site was a highland pasture in Inner Tian Shan mountains. This is the Aksai-Chatyrkul basin, with an area of about 2800 km2, located in the altitude range of 3200-3500 m above sea level, in Kyrgyzstan on the border with China.Time series of the average seasonal snow depth for each test site were formed, which meant the average snow depth from January 1 to March 31. Monitoring for 2001-2021 years was carried out. A first-order autocorrelation was calculated for each time series. Results: The analysis indicated that the snow cover depth of neighboring years are rather poorly related to each other for three test sites located on the plains of Southern Kazakhstan. In contrast to the S outh Kazakhstan plains, the highland Inner Tien Shan pasture was characterized by pronounced persistence ("long memory effect"). Conclusion: The highland Inner Tien Shan pasture are characterized by the presence of pronounced persistence in the long-term dynamics of the average snow depth in January-March. That is, it is more likely that after a many-snow year there will be a many-snow one, and after a low-snow year, respectively, a low-snow one. The probable cause of this phenomenon is the persistence in the long-term dynamics of the seasonal characteristics of the Siberian anticyclone, which affects the ability in the cold period to atmospheric transport of water vapors through the mountain ranges of the Northern and Western Tien Shan to the Inner Tien Shan. This pattern in the long-term dynamics of highland pasture snow depth in Inner Tien Shan can be useful for long-term planning of calendar dates of spring migration of livestock from winter plain pastures to highland summer pastures.

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Kuhn, Tilman. "Implications of the 'Preussen Elektra'-judgement of the European Court of Justice on the Community rules on State aid and the free movement of goods Preliminary Ruling of 13 March 2001, Case C-379/98, Preussen Elektra v. Schleswag." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 28, Issue 3 (December 1, 2001): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/382544.

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Alsahafi, Raniah, Ahmed Alzahrani, and Rashid Mehmood. "Smarter Sustainable Tourism: Data-Driven Multi-Perspective Parameter Discovery for Autonomous Design and Operations." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054166.

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Global natural and manmade events are exposing the fragility of the tourism industry and its impact on the global economy. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism contributed 10.3% to the global GDP and employed 333 million people but saw a significant decline due to the pandemic. Sustainable and smart tourism requires collaboration from all stakeholders and a comprehensive understanding of global and local issues to drive responsible and innovative growth in the sector. This paper presents an approach for leveraging big data and deep learning to discover holistic, multi-perspective (e.g., local, cultural, national, and international), and objective information on a subject. Specifically, we develop a machine learning pipeline to extract parameters from the academic literature and public opinions on Twitter, providing a unique and comprehensive view of the industry from both academic and public perspectives. The academic-view dataset was created from the Scopus database and contains 156,759 research articles from 2000 to 2022, which were modelled to identify 33 distinct parameters in 4 categories: Tourism Types, Planning, Challenges, and Media and Technologies. A Twitter dataset of 485,813 tweets was collected over 18 months from March 2021 to August 2022 to showcase the public perception of tourism in Saudi Arabia, which was modelled to reveal 13 parameters categorized into two broader sets: Tourist Attractions and Tourism Services. The paper also presents a comprehensive knowledge structure and literature review of the tourism sector based on over 250 research articles. Discovering system parameters are required to embed autonomous capabilities in systems and for decision-making and problem-solving during system design and operations. The work presented in this paper has significant theoretical and practical implications in that it improves AI-based information discovery by extending the use of scientific literature, Twitter, and other sources for autonomous, holistic, dynamic optimizations of systems, promoting novel research in the tourism sector and contributing to the development of smart and sustainable societies.

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Daniels, Peter T. "Missionary Linguistics / Lingüística misionera: Selected Papers from the First International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, Oslo, 13-16 March 2003 (review)." Language 83, no. 1 (2007): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2007.0008.

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Van Calster, Greet, Collegium Falconis, and K. U. Leuven. "September 2000 – March 2001." Review of European Community & International Environmental Law 10, no. 2 (July 2001): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9388.00279.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Coindreau, Jonathan. "Analyse comparée de l’équivalence des supports papier et électronique au regard de l’évolution du droit civil de la preuve par écrit en France et au Québec." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROD001.

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Avec l’arrivée des technologies de l’information, l’ère de la dématérialisation s’est étendue à tous les niveaux de la société. Le droit a dû s’adapter et encadrer ces nouvelles pratiques afin de mettre en place un climat de confiance. Dans ce contexte, la présente étude analyse l’influence de la dématérialisation sur le droit de la preuve civile français et québécois. Ces deux ordres juridiques ont rapidement pris des mesures de nature à encadrer la preuve sous forme électronique. S’il s’avère que les choix législatifs français et québécois ont sensiblement pu différer, tant sur le fond que sur la forme, dans l’ensemble, une finalité similaire apparaît, celle de l’équivalence fonctionnelle entre les supports matériels et immatériels. Dans les deux cas, il s’agit de parvenir à une égalité des supports, non pas basée sur la forme du moyen de preuve, traditionnel ou électronique, mais sur sa fonction, telle que l’intégrité, l’intelligibilité, l’identification, la durabilité, etc. À cette fin, les droits français et québécois sont parvenus à reconnaître une force probante équivalente entre les supports, à condition que les critères fonctionnels aient dûment été satisfaits et que cela soit possible de le démontrer. En effet, il apparaît que l’accomplissement des critères fonctionnels ne relève pas d’un même degré de diligence entre les supports. Dès lors, si une même fonction diverge d’un support à un autre, la recevabilité d’un moyen de preuve électronique devient tributaire d’un plus grand aléa juridique que le moyen de preuve traditionnel.Se pourrait-il alors que le droit ne soit finalement pas parvenu à assurer une équivalence des supports ? À travers une comparaison théorique des droits français et québécois, la présente analyse permet de constater que la confiance dans l’outil numérique ne relève pas inéluctablement de la rigueur de son encadrement, mais au contraire, d’un subtil équilibre entre une fiabilité juridique suffisante et une commodité d’usage nécessaire
With the emergence of information technology, the era of dematerialization has spread to all areas of society. The legal framework was forced to evolve and to regulate these new practices in order to establish a climate of trust. In this context, this study analyzes the influence of dematerialization on French and Quebec civil evidence law. These two legal systems have rapidly taken measures in order to regulate evidence in electronic form. As it turns out, the French and Quebec legislative choices differ noticeably, both in substance and in form, in fact, a similar purpose appears, that of functional equivalence between tangible and intangible media. In both cases, it is a question of achieving equality of media, not based on the form of the means of media, traditional or electronic, but on its function, such as integrity, intelligibility, identification, durability etc. To this end, the French and Quebec laws have succeeded to recognize an equivalent probative force, provided that the functional criteria have been duly fulfilled and it is possible to demonstrate it. Indeed, it appears that the fulfillment of the functional criteria does not have the same level of diligence between the medium. Therefore, if the same function differs from one medium to another, the admissibility of the electronic evidence becomes dependent on greater legal risk than the traditional means of evidence. Could it be the case that the law did not succeed in ensuring the equivalence between the mediums ? Through a theoretical comparison between French and Quebec law, this analysis shows that trust in digital tools does not inevitably depend on the rigor of its framework, but to the contrary, on a subtle balance between sufficient legal reliability and necessary practical use

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Fauconnier, Grégoire. "La mise en oeuvre de l'article 55 de la loi "Solidarité et renouvellement urbains" (SRU) dans les Yvelines, entre application formelle et adaptation stratégique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. https://bdr-parisnanterre-fr.faraway.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2019/2019PA100040/2019PA100040.pdf.

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Promulguée le 13 décembre 2000 la loi SRU imposait, par son article 55, un seuil minimal de 20% de logements sociaux à la plupart des communes situées dans les grandes agglomérations. En cela, elle avait pour vocation de contribuer au droit au logement et, surtout, de favoriser la « mixité sociale ». Fortement critiquée, maintes fois menacée, la loi SRU a finalement été renforcée en 2013 par l’élévation à 25% du seuil minimal de logements sociaux. Plus de quinze ans après son entrée en vigueur, la loi est entrée dans une phase de maturité rendant possible l’établissement d’un bilan circonstancié, objectif de cette thèse. L’étude s’attache à analyser les données quantitatives et qualitatives sur la construction de logements sociaux dans les communes déficitaires des Yvelines, le département comptant le plus grand nombre de communes déficitaires à l’échelle nationale. Ce faisant, il apparaît que, globalement, les communes déficitaires respectent la lettre de la loi – en construisant les logements sociaux exigés – mais contournent son esprit – en limitant la mixité sociale. En effet, les logements sociaux qu’elles réalisent présentent de nombreuses spécificités et, parallèlement, de nombreux logements privés continuent à être implantés, rendant inatteignable le taux exigé. Afin de comprendre les raisons de cette application partiale et partielle, cette thèse s’intéresse au jeu d’acteurs auquel donne lieu la loi SRU. Les enquêtes mettent alors en évidence que c’est le rejet toujours vivace du logement social sur le terrain qui grippe la mécanique prévue par le législateur et qui empêche au dispositif d’avoir les effets escomptés
Promulgated on December 13th 2000, the SRU law decreesed with its article 55 that there should be a 20% minimum limit of social housing in most of the communes located in big urban areas. Therein, it was designed to contribute to the right to housing and above all to promote « social mix ». Although strongly criticized, many times jeopardized, the SRU law was eventually reinforced in 2013 through the rise of the minimum limit up to 25% of social housing. More than 15 years after coming into force, the law entered a phase of development that allows a detailed and objective assessment of this thesis. This study focuses on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative datas on the construction of social housing in the non-law abiding communes of the Yvelines, the department with the highest number of non-law abiding communes on a national level. By doing so, it appears that overall, the non-law abiding communes respect the letter of the law- by building the required social housing - while getting round its spirit - by limiting social mix. Indeed, the social housing that they build have several specific features and at the same time, numerous private housing continue to be set up, making it impossible to reach the demanded percentage. So as to understand the reasons for this partial and biased implementation, it was necessary to study the interplay of stakeholders that the SRU law results in. This survey thus puts forward the fact that it is the everlasting rejection of social housing in the field that hinders the mechanism introduced by the legislator and prevents the SRU law from achieving its intended effect

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"Elsholz ./. Deutschland : Urteil vom 13. Juli 2000." Universität Potsdam, 2000. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4339/.

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Books on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Relations--Princeton, USA Project on Ethnic. Roma and the government in Slovakia: The debate over migration : Bratislava, Slovakia, March 13-14, 2000. Princeton, [N.J.]: Project on Ethnic Relations, 2000.

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New Zealand. Parliament. Law and Order Committee. Visit of the Law and Order Committee to Australia 7 to 13 March 2004: Report of the Law and Order Committee. [Wellington, New Zealand]: House of Representatives, 2004.

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Katrina redevelopment tax issues: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight of the Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, March 13, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. S. 415, Aviation Competition Restoration Act: Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, March 13, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. H.R. 811, Veterans' Hospital Emergency Repair Act: Hearing before the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, March 13, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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North Carolina. Division of Occupational Safety and Health. North Carolina general industry standards: 29 CFR part 1910 as adopted in 13 NCAC 07F.0101 with amendments through March 7, 2005 including Safety and Health Standards applicable to General Industry. Raleigh, NC: Division of Occupational Safety and Health, North Carolina Department of Labor, 2005.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Delegated Legislation. Draft Greater London authority elections (expenses) order 2000: Monday 13 March 2000. London: stationery Office, 2000.

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Public health and national resources: A review of the implementation of our environmental laws--parts I and II : hearing before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, March 7 and 13, 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. S. 361, a bill to establish age limitations for airmen: Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, March 13, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Water Quality Financing Act of 2002: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, March 13, 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Lin, Ching-Fu. "Constitutional and Legal Dimensions of the Right to Food in Taiwan: The Long March Toward Normative Internalization and Realization." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 519–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0350-0_29.

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Jan L, Neels. "Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.2 Asia: Coordinated by Yuko Nishitani and Béligh Elbalti, 24 India: Indian Perspectives on the Hague Principles." In Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0024.

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This chapter provides comments on the Hague Principles from the perspective of Indian private international law of contract. The Republic of India inherited the English common law, also in the field of private international law. Case law is the primary source of Indian private international law of contract. Rooted in the common law tradition, the courts would certainly be entitled to refer to the Hague Principles as persuasive authority in the interpretation, supplementation, and development of the rules and principles of private international law. In any event, the Hague Principles were adopted on March 19, 2015, by consensus between all Member States of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, including India, which has been a Member State since March 13, 2008. The chapter then demonstrates that the Hague Principles have real potential to assist in the interpretation, supplementation, and development of Indian private international law of contract.

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Ilias, Bantekas. "Art.45 Entry Into Force." In The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0046.

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This chapter examines Article 45 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which deals with the entry into force of the Convention. The practice of the UN in respect of multilateral treaties suggests an antipathy towards their entry into force without a substantial quorum of ratifications. Article 45(1) CRPD does not depart from the UN model whereby a treaty enters into force in relation to existing (ratifying) parties and not independently of them. In accordance with customary law as reflected in Article 24(4) of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Article 45 CRPD applies not from the moment the treaty enters into force, but rather from the ‘moment of the adoption of the text’. The adoption of the text of a treaty does not necessarily coincide with the signing of the treaty. The text of the CRPD was adopted on 13 December 2006 but was opened for signature on 30 March 2007.

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"Decision on Constitutionality and Lack of Jurisdiction, 13 March 2004." In The Law Reports of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (2 vols.), 901–24. Brill | Nijhoff, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004223981_090.

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"Decision on Challenge to Jurisdiction: Lomé Accord Amnesty, 13 March 2004." In The Law Reports of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (2 vols.), 925–56. Brill | Nijhoff, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004223981_091.

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Ziccardi Capaldo, Giuliana. "V.2 Legal Maxims: Summaries and Extracts From Selected Case Law." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2020, 673–84. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197618721.003.0039.

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V.2.1Prosecutor v. Radovan Karadžić, Case No. MICT-13-55-A, Appeals Chamber, Judgement, 20 March 2019 Contents ^** I.Procedural History II.Standard of Review and Applicable Law III.Grounds of Appeal IV.Judgment ^* Summaries prepared by Anna Buono, Ph.D. in International Law and National Law in International Matters, Honorary Fellow in “International Law” and “International Criminal Law”, University of Salerno - Italy, Lawyer. Text of judgment available online at the Court’s Web site <...

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Nieto-Navia, Rafael. "Introductory Note." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2021, 445–46. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197659083.003.0021.

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Abstract The International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT/MICT) was established by the UN Security Council through Resolution 1966 on 22 December 2010 to gradually assume residual functions from both the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. The IRMCT started operating fully from the beginning of 2018. This introductory note refers exclusively to the work formerly carried out by the ICTY. This tribunal handed over four cases to the IRMCT: Stanišić and Simatović (MICT-15-96), trial; Karadžić, Radovan (MICT-13-55), appeal; Šešelj, Vojislav (MICT-16-99-A), appeal; and Mladić, Ratko (MICT-13-56), pre-appeal. The decision on the Karadžić case was issued on 20 March 2019.

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Oberson, Xavier. "Exchange of Information and Tax Treaties." In The Oxford Handbook of International Tax Law, 353—C21N111. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192897688.013.22.

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Abstract This chapter assesses exchange of information (EOI) and tax treaties. Following the ‘big bang’ of EOI on 13 March 2009, many double-taxation treaties (DTTs) around the world were adapted or concluded with the purpose of implementing the OECD standard. At the same time, tax information exchange agreements (TIEAs) were also widely signed. As of 2014, this development led to the adoption of Automatic Exchange of Information as the new OECD standard. The chapter provides a general description of the international existing rules of EOI before focusing on the main issues raised in the context of EOI under DTTs. The principles governing EOI in the various legal instruments tend to protect the interest of the contracting states. However, the interest of the taxpayers should also be considered, notably in cases where the state has a discretionary power of decision in the process. Such rights may be divided into substantive rights on the one hand, and procedural rights on the other hand.

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"Case notes." In Cavendish: Student Law Review Yearbook 2000, 59–62. Routledge-Cavendish, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843143208-13.

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Arai, Makoto. "Ten Years’ Experience of Japan’s Adult Guardianship Law of 2000." In Adult Guardianship Law for the 21st Century, 13–25. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845246734-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Krafft, Geoffrey. "Electron-Ion Collider at Jefferson Lab." In JLAB Users Meeting, Rutgers University, March 13, 2010. US DOE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1997353.

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Abdulwarith, Abdulrahman, Birol Dindoruk, and Silviu Livescu. "Physics-Based Machine Learning Models for Real-Time Prediction of Rheological and Filtration Properties for KCl Polymer Mud." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215085-ms.

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Abstract Measurement of rheological and filtration properties of drilling fluids require significant amount of preparation time and experimental work and many times analysis of such data is done twice a day. However, some of these parameters such as mud weight, marsh funnel viscosity, flow line temperature, and solid content were measured much more frequently, typically every 15-30 minutes. In this study, we will cover Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Machine learning models (Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and Random Forest (RF)) to predict the KCl polymer mud rheological and filtration properties in real-time using actual data collected from daily mud reports. Developed models were based on mud weight, marsh funnel viscosity, solid percentage, and mud temperature to estimate Plastic Viscosity (PV), Yield Point (YP), Apparent viscosity (AV), Fann Readings at different RPM R600, R300, R200, R100, R6, R3, and filtrate volume. To validate the developed ANN models were compared against (SVM, RF, and XGB). Various statistical parameters were used for selecting the optimum model based on the hyperparameter tuning for each model and coefficient of determination (R2), root means square error (RMSE), average percent relative error (APRE), and absolute average relative error (AAPRE). The subject ML model's predictions were also tested and validated using various datasets. ANN with 5 and 20 neurons in the hidden layer yields the optimum fit for rheological properties and filtration properties, respectively. The R2 for all developed ANN models were in the range (of 0.9 to 0.99) and AAPRE values were less than 2% and a maximum of 6%. While The R2 for all developed SVM (support vector machine) models were in the range (of 0.83 to 0.97) and AAPRE values were mostly less than 2% with a maximum of 5%. All developed RF models were in the range (of 0.92 to 0.98) with AAPRE values between 2 to 3%. XGB models were between 0.92 to 0.98 with AAPRE values within the range of 2 to 3%. Linear equations developed for AV (Pitt's,2000, and Almahdawi's,2014), ANN yields higher accuracy with R2 of 0.98 along with AAPRE less than 3% which is much better than 50% and 30 % deviations if Pitt's (2000) and Almahdawi's (2014) correlations are utilized, respectively. For most common used rheological models (Bingham and Power-law model), ANN models were much rigorous with a sum of deviations less than 3% while 13% deviation for both the Bingham and Power-law models were observed. ANN models were converted into simple set of equations leading to simple algebraic summation of the weight and bias coefficients over other ML models. The models in comparison to most common used rheological models showed greater accuracy and agreed well with the actual data. The real-time prediction of drilling fluid properties will mitigate the potential drilling problems.

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Abraham, Santosh, Kapil Panchal, Song Xue, Srinath V. Ekkad, Wing Ng, Barry J. Brown, and Anthony Malandra. "Experimental and Numerical Investigations of a Transonic, High Turning Turbine Cascade With a Divergent Endwall." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30393.

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The paper presents detailed measurements of midspan total pressure loss, secondary flow field, static pressure measurements on airfoil surface at midspan, near hub and near the end walls in a transonic turbine airfoil cascade. Numerous low-speed experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the performance of turbine cascades. Profile and secondary loss correlations have been developed and improved over the years to include the induced incidence and leading edge geometry and to reflect recent trends in turbine design. All of the above investigations have resulted in better understanding of flow field in turbine passages. However, there is still insufficient data on the performance of turbine blades with high turning angles operating at varying incidences angles at transonic Mach numbers. In the present study, measurements were made at +10, 0 and −10 degree incidence angles for a high turning turbine airfoil with 127 degree turning. The exit Mach numbers were varied within a range from 0.6 to 1.1. Additionally, the exit span is increased relative to the inlet span resulting in one end wall diverging from inlet to exit at 13 degree angle. This was done in order to obtain a ratio of inlet Mach number to exit Mach number which is representative to that encountered in real engine and simulates the blade and near end wall loading that is seen in an engine. 3D viscous compressible CFD analysis was carried out in order to compare the results with experimentally obtained values and to further investigate the design and off-design flow characteristics of the airfoil under study. All aerodynamic measurements were compared with CFD analysis and a reasonably good match was observed.

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Higuchi, Makoto, Katsumi Sakaguchi, Yuichiro Nomura, and Akihiko Hirano. "Final Proposal of Environmental Fatigue Life Correction Factor (Fen) for Structural Materials in LWR Water Environment." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26100.

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Low cycle fatigue life of structural materials diminishes remarkably as functions of various parameters in high temperature water simulating LWR coolant. Such reduction was estimated by the fatigue life reduction factor (Fen) and the equations to calculate Fen were developed and have undergone revision over the past ten years. The authors have endeavored to establish the method assessing fatigue damage at LWR power plants for the past 13 years in the Japanese EFT (Environmental Fatigue Tests) project under the financial support from the JNES (Japan Nuclear Safety Organization). The project terminated at the end of March in 2007. Final proposals of Fen equations were established for carbon, low-alloy, and austenitic stainless steels and nickel base alloys based on all the data obtained in the project. As the results, a small change in saturated strain rate for carbon and low-alloy steels in highly dissolved oxygen water and newly revised equations including slight change in saturated strain rate for stainless steels in BWR water as well as those for nickel base alloys were proposed. The difference between revised and previous model is essentially not large.

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Barrera Gómez, Marien Rocio, María Patricia Carvajal Medina, and Jorge Enrique Espindola Díaz. "SISTEMA ALTERNATIVO DE COMUNICACIÓN ASISTIDA. CANAL DE COMUNICACIÓN BIDIRECCIONAL PARA PERSONAS CON DIVERSIDAD FUNCIONAL." In Mujeres en ingeniería: empoderamiento, liderazgo y compromiso. Asociacion Colombiana de Facultades de Ingeniería - ACOFI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26507/ponencia.1714.

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Según la definición de discapacidad de la Real Academia Española, se trata de “Situación que una persona afrenta por sus condiciones físicas o mentales, se enfrenta a importantes barreras para acceder a su participación social”. En Colombia, este concepto ha sido abordado a través del artículo 13 de la Constitución Política, que reconoce el derecho a la igualdad de todos los ciudadanos colombianos tanto en derechos como en deberes, sin distinción por categorías particulares. Para cumplir con este marco legal, en 2002 Colombia aprueba la ley 762, que rechaza cualquier acto de discriminación en el ámbito social o personal, por una condición de discapacidad. En consecuencia, en 2007 a través de la ley 1145, se organiza el Sistema Nacional de Discapacidad, y su estructura operativa, como estrategia para permear todo el territorio. El alcance de este marco legal, da cobertura a Instituciones tanto privadas como públicas, que ofrecen servicios con alta afluencia de personas, para lo cual se implementan políticas de inclusión, apalancadas con la infraestructura para permitir el acceso que garantice la equidad. Las instituciones educativas se incluyen en esta categoría, a través del decreto de 1421 por la cual se reglamenta en el marco de la educación inclusiva la atención educativa a la población con discapacidad en sus niveles: preescolar, primaria, secundaria y superior. Para ello, se han desarrollado investigaciones en desarrollo tecnológico, con el fin de fortalecer la infraestructura para mitigar las barreras tanto de comunicación como de acceso, que promueven la inclusión. Este contexto se convierte en una oportunidad para construir tecnología ya sea hardware o softwarecon el objetivo de mejorar la apropiación del conocimiento social. En respuesta a esta necesidad, este proyecto fue formulado para desarrollar un sistema, con el propósito de mejorar la calidad de ida de las personas con diversidad funcional, permitiéndoles escuchar y hablar a través de un sistema de comunicación asistido. Metodológicamente, la investigación es cuantitativa de tipo experimental aplicada, considerando que el trabajo se realiza para producir nuevos desarrollos, a partir de una necesidad de un grupo específico de personas y aplicar conocimientos corporales. El resultado se proyecta como un dispositivo de comunicación, que une un desarrollo de software con un dispositivo que contiene un sistema operativo ya sea iOS o Android, mediante el cual se hará el procesamiento de la información en código morse, la cual, será traducida a texto o comandos de voz, permitiendo a los usuarios comunicar sus ideas o aprender, será una opción que permita fortalecer la infraestructura inclusiva para garantizar la calidad en el proceso participativo docente, permitiendo a las Instituciones de Educación cumplir con los requisitos legales. Se espera que la consecución del resultado alcance los 7 primeros niveles de madurez tecnológica en la escala de innovación. Por último, la relevancia de este proyecto, se centra en la posibilidad de ofrecer una opción que permita mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con diversidad funcional, asociadas a limitaciones ya sea de movilidad, audición o habla, todo a través de la tecnología.

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Takehara, Isashi, Tetsuo Tatsumi, and Yoshihiro Ichikawa. "Summary of CGT302 Ceramic Gas Turbine Research and Development Program." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0644.

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The Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) research and development program (FY1988–1998) as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March 1999. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KM) participated in this research program from the beginning and developed a twin-shaft CGT with a recuperator, designated as the “CGT302”. The purposes of this program were: 1) to achieve both a high efficiency and low pollutant emissions level using ceramic components, 2) to prove a multi-fuel capability to be used in co-generation systems, and 3) to demonstrate long-term operation. The targets of this program were: i) to achieve a thermal efficiency of over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, ii) to keep its emissions within the regulated value by the law, and iii) to demonstrate continuous operation for more than a thousand hours at 1200°C TIT. The CGT302 has successfully attained its targets. In March 1999 the CGT302 recorded 42.1% thermal efficiency, and 31.7 ppm NOx emissions (O2 = 16%) at 1350°C TIT. At this time it had also accumulated over two thousand hours operation at 1200°C. In this paper, we summarize the development of the CGT302.

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Shivakumar, Kunigal N., and Aaron Cozart. "Analysis of 3-D Braided Composite Ablative Rocket Nozzle." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31422.

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Aerodynamic flow, thermal flow, and stress analyses of a proposed 2.5-in braided composite ablative nozzle were conducted. The nozzle was made up of PAN based carbon fiber and Primaset Cyanate Ester resin. The designed thermal and structural layers’ thicknesses were 0.62-in and 0.42-in, respectively. The objective of this paper is to establish the thermal stability and structural integrity of the nozzle. A ballistic profile of 17 seconds burn at 740 psi maximum pressure was used in the analysis. The combustion gas flow was subsonic, sonic, and supersonic, respectively, in the inlet, throat, and exit sections of the nozzle. The exit plane Mach number was 2.32. Three thermochemical states were considered: 100% efficiency, 72% efficiency and no aluminum combustion and 72% efficiency and 100% aluminum combustion. Flow analysis was conducted by NAT92 Code, thermal analysis by CMAFLOW92 Code, and structural analysis by ANSYS. Ablation rates for the three cases were 0.023, 0.047, and 0.01-in/sec, respectively. The recession life of thermal layer was 27, 13, and 62 sec for the three cases. Stress analysis of the nozzle due to aerodynamic pressure and temperature resulted in low strains and presents no concern.

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Lang, Theodore A. "Significant Corrosion of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Head." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2167.

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In March of 2002, significant corrosion of the Davis-Besse reactor head was discovered. The Davis-Besse reactor head is of standard construction, composed of low alloy steel and clad with stainless steel. Alloy 600 control rod nozzles penetrate the reactor head, attached with J-groove welds. During an ultrasonic inspection, three of these nozzles were found to have through-wall cracks induced by Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking (PWSCC). Undiscovered leakage of borated water over the course of several operating cycles from one of these nozzles led to localized cooling and wastage of the reactor head near the nozzle. This leakage, less than 0.2 gpm (0.8 l/min), was small in comparison to allowable unidentified leakage, but larger than typical PWSCC leakage. The greatest damage to the low alloy steel reactor pressure vessel head was an oblong cavity, approximately 7 × 5 inches (18 × 13 cm), penetrating to the stainless steel cladding. The cracks in this nozzle were axially oriented, which would previously have been considered low risk because they would not have caused control rod ejection. However, the damage led to an increase in risk of a loss of coolant accident, prolonged loss of generation, and replacement of the reactor pressure vessel head. In addition to the industry wide regulatory impact of this event, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has indicated that there may be a need to revise the inservice inspection requirements in Section XI of the ASME Code. This paper provides a brief synopsis of PWSCC in Control Rod Drive Mechanism nozzles, describes the inspection activities that led to the discovery of both the cracking and the corrosion, and describes the extent and technical cause of the damage. Management and human performance issues that allowed the damage to progress to an advanced state are discussed, since this event would not have been noteworthy if administrative controls and programs had been properly implemented.

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Boschi, A., E. Cimini, F. Pagni, L. Parracone, M. Pocai, M. Russo, and M. Spano. "RTS - 1 - Galilei Decommissioning Project." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4661.

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The RTS-1 “Galileo Galilei” is an open pool research reactor light water moderated and cooled. It had a maximum thermal output of 5 MWth and an average thermal flux of 5 E+13 n/cm2sec. It became critical for the first time on April 1963 and it was definitely shutdown in March 1980. The reactor is situated at CISAM (Joint Centre of Studies and Military Application - Italian Ministry of Defence), S. Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy, and its decommissioning is in progress. In this paper the strategy adopted to achieve the green status of the reactor site is discussed, with particular attention on the different steps to be done according to the national laws. Emphasis is placed on the characteristics of two different conditions required, namely Passive Protective Custody, which is a step necessary to allow the decay of the radioactive materials present into the plant to decrease the radiological risk to operate safely, and Unconditioned Release, in which all the materials can be released without radiological restrictions. Another aspect discussed in this paper is the effort spent on the determination of the radioisotopic abundance of the reactor components, the personal dose evaluation due to the necessary activities to achieve two different status of “Passive Protective Custody” and “Unconditioned Release” and the waste characterisation. The necessary authorisations to start decommissioning has been obtained as far as concern the removal of spent fuel and the dismantling of some experimental equipments.

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Tang, Xueqing, Lirong Dou, Ruifeng Wang, Alsadig Mohmoud Gabir, and Mouiz Hamza Musa. "Deeper Re-completions Exploited Bypassed Oil in Massive Heavy Oil Reservoir: Case Study." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2582438-ms.

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ABSTRACT Fula field at Block 6, Sudan contains crude of 16.8 to 19 °API with in-situ viscosity of 497 cp in Bentiu formation. It was on production in March, 2004 and has produced 14% of original oil in place. Massive and unconsolidated sandstones inter-bedded with thin (3 to 13 ft) and discontinuous shales possess high horizontal and vertical permeabilities (2 to 9.53 Darcies). Lateral dimensions of shale bodies range from 1,000 to 2,000 ft. To extend oil production life with water-free, initial development strategy was to perforate the upper and more permeable zones (Perforations are 30% of entire zones) to obtain profitable productivity. After fieldwide water breakthrough, based on the studies of bypassed oil distribution, the following innovative deeper re-completions have been applied in high-water-cut wells (water cut more than 80%) to exploit the bypassed oil zones and new pay zones that have been missed below the existing productive zones. squeeze cement into the existing high-water-cut zones, located at the upper portion of entire pay zones. Those long wormholes communicating with aquifer caused by deep sanding should be cemented.perforate partially the lower portion of pay zones with optimal shot density. 30 to 40% of entire pay zones and shot density of 5 shots per foot are recommended. Perforation tunnel optimization can be run for concrete well conditions.Progressing Cavity Pumps operate at low frequencies less than 30 Hz to regulate proper pressure drawdown less than observed critical value of sanding from field tests and water coning. Field production data indicate that this workover campaign has achieved more than 2-fold oil gain and reducing water cut by 30 to 50% compared to previous water cuts of over 80%, also, water cut plus dynamic fluid level remain relatively stable over 6 months.

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Reports on the topic "Law of March 13 2000"

Hruska, S. I., and R. C. Lacher. Facilities Monitoring Project - AMISS. Annual report, March 14, 1997--March 13, 2000. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/621887.

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Wills, Gabrielle, Janeli Kotzé, and Jesal Kika-Mistry. A Sector Hanging in the Balance: Early Childhood Development and Lockdown in South Africa. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/055.

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New evidence suggests that over four months after the closure of early childhood development (ECD) programmes on 18 March 2020, the ECD sector was likely to be operating at less than a quarter of its pre-lockdown levels. Of the 38 percent of respondents from the new NIDS-CRAM survey reporting that children aged 0-6 in their households had attended ECD programmes before the lockdown in March, only 12 percent indicated that children had returned to these programmes by mid-July, well after programmes were allowed to reopen. Using these findings, we estimate that just 13 percent of children aged 0-6 were attending ECD programmes by mid-July to mid-August compared to 47 percent in 2018. The last time that ECD attendance rates were as low as this was in the early 2000s. At this point it is not yet clear what proportion of these declines are only temporary, or whether there will be a lasting impact on ECD enrolment in the country. This dramatic contraction in the ECD sector relates to prohibitive costs to reopening ‘safely’ imposed by the regulatory environment, coupled with shocks to the demand side for ECD programmes (both in terms of reduced household incomes and parent fears of children contracting COVID-19). When viewed from a broader socio-economic lens, the threat of ECD programme closures across the nation will have impacts beyond ECD operators to the lives of millions of children, millions of households and millions of adults who rely on these ECD services. A swift intervention by government is necessary to save this important sector and limit the ripple effect of programme closures on multiple layers of society.

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Bielinskyi, Andrii, Vladimir Soloviev, Serhiy Semerikov, and Viktoria Solovieva. Detecting Stock Crashes Using Levy Distribution. [б. в.], August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3210.

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In this paper we study the possibility of construction indicators-precursors relying on one of the most power-law tailed distributions – Levy’s stable distribution. Here, we apply Levy’s parameters for 29 stock indices for the period from 1 March 2000 to 28 March 2019 daily values and show their effectiveness as indicators of crisis states on the example of Dow Jones Industrial Average index for the period from 2 January 1920 to 2019. In spite of popularity of the Gaussian distribution in financial modeling, we demonstrated that Levy’s stable distribution is more suitable due to its theoretical reasons and analysis results. And finally, we conclude that stability α and skewness β parameters of Levy’s stable distribution which demonstrate characteristic behavior for crash and critical states, can serve as an indicator-precursors of unstable states.

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Bielinskyi, A., S. Semerikov, V. Solovieva, and V. Soloviev. Levy distribution parameters as precursors of crisis phenomena. Видавничий будинок Мелітопольської міської друкарні, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3597.

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In spite of popularity of the Gaussian distribution in financial modeling, we demonstrated that Levy’s stable distribution is more suitable due to its theoretical reasons and analysis results. We study the possibility of construction indicators- precursors relying on one of the most power-law tailed distributions - Levy’s stable distribution. Here, we apply moving window based procedure for calculation of Levy’s parameters - a - stability and /?- skewness for daily values of Dow Jones Industrial Average (from 1 March 2000 to 28 March 2019), the gold price (from 1 April 1968 to 8 May 2019) and Brent crude oil price (from 2 January 1986 to 6 May 2019) which show their effectiveness as indicators of crisis states. For the construction of the indicators, were selected time series of and, accordingly, for oil. Dow Jones’ time series has the period from 2 January 1920 to 2019. We conclude that a and /3 parameters of Levy’s stable distribution of the observed assets, which demonstrate characteristic behavior for crash and critical states, can serve as an indicator-precursors of the unstable states.

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1st Regional Stakeholder Forum on Basin Development Planning: Stakeholder Consultation on MRC's Basin Development Plan Phase 2 Forum Proceedings. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajhz9h.

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