Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Law – Canada – Philosophy'

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1

Eastaugh, Érik Labelle. "The rights of official language minority communities in Canada." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7500f091-db99-48ad-b269-3e0b7332705c.

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This thesis explores the meaning and content of s. 41 of the Official Languages Act of Canada, which imposes certain duties on all federal institutions towards French- and English-language minority communities. While vitally important as a component of Canada's language rights archictecture, the nature and content of s. 41 as a legal norm remain woefully unclear. The immediate aim is to determine: (1) whether s. 41 confers a right to specific measures in particular cases; (2) whether such rights are individual or collective; and (3) if collective, what sort of interests are protected. Section 41 presents a number of interpretive challenges. First, it uses terminology which is undefined in the Act and yet has no self-evident meaning. Thus, the nature of the primary legal subject, 'linguistic minority communities' (LMCs), is unclear, as are the nature of the protected interests, 'vitality' and 'development'. Second, the interpretive principles developed by the case-law for official language rights rely on a conceptual framework that is vague and under-theorized. Key components of that framework, like the concept of a necessary link between language and culture, have yet to be fully explored, either in the case-law or in legal scholarship. This presents an acute problem in the case of s. 41, where the content of these concepts will likely prove dispositive. In order to grapple with these challenges, this thesis develops an account of language rights as collective rights. Drawing on the philosophical literature and existing case-law, I argue that LMCs should be conceived of as collectivities rather than mere aggregates of individuals, and that a number of language rights, such as s. 41 of the OLA, and ss. 16.1 and 23 of the Charter, aim to protect the collective interests of these collectivities. I then define some of these interests from both an empirical and a normative perspective. I conclude by arguing that s. 41 of the OLA protects an 'autonomy interest', which both prohibits federal institutions from interfering with existing LMC autonomy, and provides a basis for claiming enhancements to that autonomy, within the confines of the statutory mandate of the institution in question.
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2

Muller, Kathryn V. "Holding Hands With Wampum: Haudenosaunee Council Fires from the Great Law of Peace to Contemporary Relationships with the Canadian State." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1643.

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3

O'CONNELL, Rory. "Who's afraid of natural law? : a comparative look at the use of political morality in constitutional decision-making in Canada, Ireland and Italy." Doctoral thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4732.

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4

Reilly, Alexander. "The heart of the matter: emotion in the criminal law." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5672.

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This thesis examines the role of emotion in the criminal law. It identifies the current understanding of emotion in the law, and challenges this understanding as it is revealed in the rules of criminal liability. It offers a new approach to understanding emotion which has important implications for the grounds of legal knowledge, the structure of the rules of criminal liability, and the process of judgment. Chapter One reviews theoretical approaches to understanding emotion in philosophy, psychology and law. The chapter introduces a number of theoretical approaches to analyzing emotion, focusing particularly on the development in the understanding of the relationship between emotion and reason. Chapter Two examines models of moral and legal responsibility to identify their implicit understanding of emotion. Chapter Three focuses on the role of emotion in the rules of criminal liability, and, in particular, in the criminal defences of provocation, duress and self-defence. The law understands emotion to be an entity explainable in terms of the 'mechanisms' of'cognition' and 'affect' which underpin it. The chapter argues that the law adopts a different and conflicting understanding of these mechanisms in the rules of criminal liability, and that these differences have important normative implications. Chapter Four challenges the grounds of knowledge upon which assessments of criminal liability are based. Emotion becomes a metaphor for the need to reconceive the rules of criminal liability and the process of judgment. The chapter adopts a social constructionist approach to understanding emotion. Using this approach, it reassesses the role of emotion in the criminal defences of provocation, self-defence and duress, and explains the process of judgment as an emotional phenomenon. The thesis concludes that a constructionist approach to understanding emotion is well suited to the assessment of conduct in its spatial, historical and cultural context; and for this reason ought to be emphasized in the legal assessment of liability and punishment.
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5

Heidt, Anne-Katrin. "Between concepts and context: protection of "personal freedom" : a comparative case study of German and Canadian criminal law." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11747.

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Due to its pervasive affinity for conceptual abstractions, German criminal law has been said to suffer from a rationalist hubris that leads to the formulation of artificial rules and lacks respect for the realities of life. The following study will examine this hypothesis with respect to one area of German criminal law that is particularly characterized by an abstract, conceptual way of thinking: the area of what in Germany is called "offences against personal freedom". A case where a store detective suggested to a 16 year old female shoplifter that he would abstain from making a larceny report to the police if she engaged in sexual intercourse with him has caused a lot of debate in German criminal law as to the question of whether the detective infringed the shoplifter's "personal freedom" in a way prohibited by criminal law. This debate will be presented and contrasted with the approach Canadian criminal law would be likely to adopt had the case occurred in Canada. The thesis adopts a comparative, analytical approach that focuses on law reform: • comparative, because the question of whether German criminal law does lack respect for the realities of life will be examined by comparing German legal reasoning with Anglo-Canadian legal reasoning. • analytical, because when exploring what German and Canadian law regarding "offences against personal freedom" is, the focus will be on familiar, formal techniques of legal reasoning, such as those which draw on legislative texts, legislative history, underlying principles, academic commentary, fundamental values in the constitution, and theoretical concerns. • law reform, because the question is explored of whether German criminal law can learn from Canadian criminal law how to be more open to taking varying social locations of people affected by criminal law into account. In particular it is asked whether one can reconcile the traditional German conceptual approach that promises certainty of the law and the Canadian contextual approach that is better able to be attentive to equality as a fundamental right. It will be argued that such a reconciliation of approaches is possible and consists in a method that might be called egalitarian conceptualism. This approach unites the advantages of conceptual, abstract legal reasoning with the advantages of contextual thinking by merging equality as a fundamental concept with the existing conceptual framework of criminal liability. The principle "in dubio pro aequalitate" will be added to the principle "in dubio pro libertate".
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6

Hollingsworth, Marcia, Bernard Zylstra, and Albert M. Wolters. "Perspective vol. 14 no. 4 (Aug 1980)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251303.

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7

Fernhout, Harry. "Perspective vol. 39 no. 1 (Jan 2005)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251176.

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8

Fernhout, Harry. "Perspective vol. 39 no. 1 (Jan 2005)." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277525.

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9

Durant, Darrin. "Burying nuclear waste, exposing nuclear authority : Canada's nuclear waste disposal concept and expert-lay discourse /." 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1659910651&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=12520&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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10

Beaton, Ryan. "Positivist and pluralist trends in Canadian Aboriginal Law: the judicial imagination and performance of sovereignty in Indigenous-state relations." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13391.

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This dissertation identifies institutional positivism and historically grounded pluralism as interpretive trends in the Canadian case law on Indigenous-state relations, and explores tensions between these trends. These are tensions between practices of judicial interpretation, not between theories of interpretation or legal concepts. They are practices developed case- by-case, with interpretive trends emerging over time through series of cases addressing similar issues in related contexts. Institutional positivist approaches insist that judicial recognition of Indigenous legal orders and accommodation of Indigenous interests must take place within established constitutional forms founded on state sovereignty. Historically grounded pluralist approaches show greater willingness to balance principles of state sovereignty against principles of popular sovereignty and of Indigenous priority in Canadian territory. While the two approaches overlap significantly, their differences sometimes lead to contrasting legal conclusions on key issues of, e.g., treaty interpretation, the relationship between Indigenous legal orders and the state legal system, and the jurisdictional dimension of Aboriginal title. This dissertation examines these positivist-pluralist tensions in the context of the current period of ideological transition and rapidly evolving imaginaries of Indigenous-state relations. Chapters 1 and 2 explore the case law to highlight concrete ways in which this ideological transition finds doctrinal expression in both positivist and pluralist modes. Chapters 3 and 4 offer broader reflections on philosophical debates relating to legal positivism and the role of popular sovereignty in constitutional interpretation by Canadian courts. The final chapter then considers the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) in Canadian law, with a focus on implementing legislation recently adopted by British Columbia and on two recent judgments that split the Supreme Court of Canada on the proper role of the Canadian judiciary in coordinating Canadian state law with non-state legal orders (Indigenous in one case and international in the other). This concluding chapter explains how the ongoing interplay of positivist and pluralist concerns will inevitably shape the reception of UNDRIP in Canadian law and the ongoing elaboration of Canadian Aboriginal law more generally.
Graduate
2022-08-26
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11

Van, Ginkel Aileen, Brian J. Walsh, Don Posterski, Gary Duim, and Nicholas Terpstra. "Perspective vol. 17 no. 3 (Jun 1983)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251284.

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12

Mills, Aaron James (Waabishki Ma’iingan). "Miinigowiziwin: all that has been given for living well together: one vision of Anishinaabe constitutionalism." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/10985.

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Ending colonialism requires the revitalization of not only indigenous systems of law, but also the indigenous legalities of which they form part. This means that Canada’s unique form of liberal constitutionalism cannot serve as the constitutional framework within which indigenous law is revitalized. Rather, we shall have to advert to the fact that indigenous law was and is generated by unique indigenous legal processes and institutions, which find their authorization in unique indigenous constitutional orders, which are in turn legitimated by indigenous peoples’ unique and varied creation stories. Through the gifts of diverse Anishinaabe writers and orators, and through work with my circle of elders, with aadizookaanan, in community, and on the land, I present one view of Anishinaabe legality. I give special emphasis to its earth-centric ‘rooted’ form of constitutionalism, which is characterized by mutual aid and its correlate structure, kinship. In the second half, I examine the problem of colonial violence in contemporary indigenous-settler relationships. I identify two principles necessary for indigenous-settler reconciliation and I consider how commonly proposed models of indigenous-settler relationship fare against them. I conclude that one vision of treaty, treaty mutualism—which is a form of rooted constitutionalism—is non-violent to indigenous peoples, settler peoples and to the earth. Finally, I consider counter-arguments on themes of fundamentalism, power, and misreading.
Graduate
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13

Fernhout, Harry, Brad Wortz, and Amy Packwood. "Perspective vol. 37 no. 1 (Mar 2003)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251185.

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Fernhout, Harry, Brad Wortz, and Amy Packwood. "Perspective vol. 37 no. 1 (Mar 2003)." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277674.

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15

Dziedzic, Allyson. "Perspective vol. 38 no. 2 (Jun 2004)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251180.

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16

Dziedzic, Allyson Ann. "Perspective vol. 38 no. 2 (Jun 2004)." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277529.

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17

Cuthill, Chris, Natasha Vandenberg, and Harry Fernhout. "Perspective vol. 37 no. 2 (Jun 2003)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251184.

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18

Cuthill, Chris, Natasja VanderBerg, and Harry Fernhout. "Perspective vol. 37 no. 2 (Jun 2003)." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277673.

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