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Journal articles on the topic 'Lattice spin'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Betts, D. D., S. Masui, N. Vats, and G. E. Stewart. "Improved finite-lattice method for estimating the zero-temperature properties of two-dimensional lattice models." Canadian Journal of Physics 74, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1996): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-010.

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The well-known finite-lattice method for the calculation of the properties of quantum spin systems on a two-dimensional lattice at zero temperature was introduced in 1978. The method has now been greatly improved for the square lattice by including finite lattices based on parallelogram tiles as well as the familiar finite lattices based on square tiles. Dozens of these new finite lattices have been tested and graded using the [Formula: see text] ferromagnet. In the process new and improved estimates have been obtained for the XY model's ground-state energy per spin, ε0 = −0.549 36(30) and spontaneous magnetization per spin, m = 0.4349(10). Other properties such as near-neighbour, zero-temperature spin–spin correlations, which appear not to have been calculated previously, have been estimated to high precision. Applications of the improved finite-lattice method to other models can readily be carried out.

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2

Kawada, Takuya, Masashi Kawaguchi, Takumi Funato, Hiroshi Kohno, and Masamitsu Hayashi. "Acoustic spin Hall effect in strong spin-orbit metals." Science Advances 7, no. 2 (January 2021): eabd9697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd9697.

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We report on the observation of the acoustic spin Hall effect that facilitates lattice motion–induced spin current via spin-orbit interaction (SOI). Under excitation of surface acoustic wave (SAW), we find that a spin current flows orthogonal to the SAW propagation in nonmagnetic metals (NMs). The acoustic spin Hall effect manifests itself in a field-dependent acoustic voltage in NM/ferromagnetic metal bilayers. The acoustic voltage takes a maximum when the NM layer thickness is close to its spin diffusion length, vanishes for NM layers with weak SOI, and increases linearly with the SAW frequency. To account for these results, we find that the spin current must scale with the SOI and the time derivative of the lattice displacement. These results, which imply the strong coupling of electron spins with rotating lattices via the SOI, show the potential of lattice dynamics to supply spin current in strong spin-orbit metals.

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3

Betts, D. D., H. Q. Lin, and J. S. Flynn. "Improved finite-lattice estimates of the properties of two quantum spin models on the infinite square lattice." Canadian Journal of Physics 77, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p99-041.

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This paper describes an improvement in the method of exact diagonalization of Hamiltonians of quantum spin models on finite square lattices and the statistical analysis of the data so obtained to estimate the physical properties of the models on the infinite square lattices at zero temperature. The geometry and topology of finite square lattices are described. The models studied are the spin one-half XY and Heisenberg antiferromagnets using 28 finite square lattices with up to 32 vertices. Our estimates of the energy and magnetization on each model on the infinite lattice at zero temperature compare very well with recent estimates using quantum Monte Carlo, series expansion, and spin wave estimates. Estimates of spin wave velocity and transverse susceptibilities are more scattered.PACS No.: 75.10J

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4

De, Anulekha, Sucheta Mondal, Sourav Sahoo, Saswati Barman, Yoshichika Otani, Rajib Kumar Mitra, and Anjan Barman. "Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (April 9, 2018): 1123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.104.

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Ferromagnetic antidot arrays have emerged as a system of tremendous interest due to their interesting spin configuration and dynamics as well as their potential applications in magnetic storage, memory, logic, communications and sensing devices. Here, we report experimental and numerical investigation of ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a new type of antidot lattice in the form of triangular-shaped Ni80Fe20 antidots arranged in a hexagonal array. Time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect and micromagnetic simulations have been exploited to study the magnetization precession and spin-wave modes of the antidot lattice with varying lattice constant and in-plane orientation of the bias-magnetic field. A remarkable variation in the spin-wave modes with the orientation of in-plane bias magnetic field is found to be associated with the conversion of extended spin-wave modes to quantized ones and vice versa. The lattice constant also influences this variation in spin-wave spectra and spin-wave mode profiles. These observations are important for potential applications of the antidot lattices with triangular holes in future magnonic and spintronic devices.

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5

Tran, Tien Duy, Yibo Wang, Alex Glaetzle, Shannon Whitlock, Andrei Sidorov, and Peter Hannaford. "Magnetic Lattices for Ultracold Atoms." Communications in Physics 29, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/29/2/13678.

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This article reviews the development in our laboratory of magnetic lattices comprising periodic arrays of magnetic microtraps created by patterned magnetic films to trap periodic arrays of ultracold atoms. Recent achievements include the realisation of multiple Bose-Einstein condensates in a 10 \(\mu\)m-period one-dimensional magnetic lattice; the fabrication of sub-micron-period square and triangular magnetic lattice structures suitable for quantum tunnelling experiments; the trapping of ultracold atoms in a sub-micron-period triangular magnetic lattice; and a proposal to use long-range interacting Rydberg atoms to achieve spin-spin interactions between sites in a large-spacing magnetic lattice.

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6

Betts, D. D., and S. Miyashita. "Zero-temperature properties of quantum spin systems in two dimensions." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 12 (December 1, 1990): 1410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-202.

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We consider the zero-temperature properties of four different spin 1/2 models on two-dimensional lattices: the XY ferromagnet, the XY antiferromagnet, the Heisenberg antiferromagnet, and the Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya models. Most of this article is a review of previously published work, but a few previously unpublished results are included. The relation between three of the models on bipartite lattices is described. The properties of the XY ferromagnet in two dimensions, especially those derived from extrapolation of finite lattice results, are reviewed. A numerical factor by which spin-wave and finite-lattice estimates of the long-range order parameter differ is discussed. For frustrated models on the triangular lattice the possibility of a chirality phase transition instead of, or in addition to, a magnetic phase transition is considered.

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7

Betts, D. D., K. S. Lee, and H. Q. Lin. "Exact diagonalization of the S = 1/2 XY ferromagnet on a new set of finite triangular lattices at T = 0." Canadian Journal of Physics 81, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 555–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p03-036.

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We have obtained 85 finite triangular lattices from 7 to 36 vertices. We display two very good finite lattices 21a (well-known) and 22a (previously unknown). Over the past decade several physicists have used exact diagonalization on five tripartite triangular lattices from N = 9 to 36 to study the Heisenberg and XY antiferromagnet on the infinite triangular lattice. Nine more tripartite triangular lattices are available as shown below in the text. Our exact diagonalization of the S = 1/2 XY ferromagnetic energies and magnetization leads, by scalar equations, to the properties on the infinite lattice. We found that all but 10 of the 85 are good lattices. Finally, we obtained spinspin correlations of two kinds, xx and zz. PACS Nos.: 75.10Jm, 05.05+q

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8

Orendáčová, Alžbeta, Róbert Tarasenko, Vladimír Tkáč, Erik Čižmár, Martin Orendáč, and Alexander Feher. "Interplay of Spin and Spatial Anisotropy in Low-Dimensional Quantum Magnets with Spin 1/2." Crystals 9, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010006.

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Quantum Heisenberg chain and square lattices are important paradigms of a low-dimensional magnetism. Their ground states are determined by the strength of quantum fluctuations. Correspondingly, the ground state of a rectangular lattice interpolates between the spin liquid and the ordered collinear Néel state with the partially reduced order parameter. The diversity of additional exchange interactions offers variety of quantum models derived from the aforementioned paradigms. Besides the spatial anisotropy of the exchange coupling, controlling the lattice dimensionality and ground-state properties, the spin anisotropy (intrinsic or induced by the magnetic field) represents another important effect disturbing a rotational symmetry of the spin system. The S = 1/2 easy-axis and easy-plane XXZ models on the square lattice even for extremely weak spin anisotropies undergo Heisenberg-Ising and Heisenberg-XY crossovers, respectively, acting as precursors to the onset of the finite-temperature phase transitions within the two-dimensional Ising universality class (for the easy axis anisotropy) and a topological Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition (for the easy-plane anisotropy). Experimental realizations of the S = 1/2 two-dimensional XXZ models in bulk quantum magnets appeared only recently. Partial solutions of the problems associated with their experimental identifications are discussed and some possibilities of future investigations in quantum magnets on the square and rectangular lattice are outlined.

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9

Shishanin, A. O. "Phase transition temperature in some lattice models." Seriya 3: Fizika, Astronomiya, no. 2_2023 (June 2, 2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9392.78.2320101.

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A method for calculating the phase transition temperature using only one cell is considered. This method has been tested for various lattice models: Ising model on triangular, hexagonal and tetrahedral lattices, three-position Potts model on a square lattice. In particular, exact reply is reproduced in the Ising model for triangular lattice. Also, this method was used to analyze some multi-spin models.

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10

Pérez, A., H. Ottavi, and P. Saint-Grégoire. "Lattice spin model AB1B2." Computational Materials Science 18, no. 2 (August 2000): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-0256(00)00002-1.

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11

Chern, Gia-Wei. "Novel Magnetic Orders and Ice Phases in Frustrated Kondo-Lattice Models." SPIN 05, no. 02 (June 2015): 1540006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324715400068.

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We review recent theoretical progress in our understanding of electron-driven novel magnetic phases on frustrated lattices. Our specific focus is on Kondo-lattice or double-exchange models assuming finite magnetic moments localized at the lattice sites. A salient feature of systems with SU(2) symmetric local moments is the emergence of noncoplanar magnetic ordering driven by the conduction electrons. The complex spin textures then endow the electrons a nontrivial Berry phase, often giving rise to a topologically nontrivial electronic state. The second part of the review is devoted to the discussion of metallic spin ice systems, which are essentially frustrated Ising magnets with local spin ordering governed by the so-called ice rules. These rules are similar to those that describe proton configurations in solid water ice, hence the name "spin ice". The nontrivial spin correlations in the ice phase give rise to unusual electron transport properties in metallic spin-ice systems.

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12

Owerre, S. A. "Topological hardcore bosons on the honeycomb lattice." Canadian Journal of Physics 94, no. 9 (September 2016): 814–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2016-0235.

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This paper presents a connection between the topological properties of hardcore bosons and that of magnons in quantum spin magnets. We utilize the Haldane-like hardcore bosons on the honeycomb lattice as an example. We show that this system maps to a spin-1/2 quantum XY model with a next-nearest-neighbour Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction. We obtain the magnon excitations of the quantum spin model and compute the edge states, Berry curvature, and thermal and spin Nernst conductivities. Because of the mapping from spin variables to bosons, the hardcore bosons possess the same nontrivial topological properties as those in quantum spin systems. These results are important in the study of magnetic excitations in quantum magnets and they are also useful for understanding the control of ultracold bosonic quantum gases in honeycomb optical lattices, which is experimentally accessible.

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13

Reimers, J. N., and J. R. Dahn. "Lattice gas and spin ordering on stacked triangular lattices." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 4, no. 41 (October 12, 1992): 8105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/4/41/006.

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14

Hung, C. L., Alejandro González-Tudela, J. Ignacio Cirac, and H. J. Kimble. "Quantum spin dynamics with pairwise-tunable, long-range interactions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 34 (August 5, 2016): E4946—E4955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603777113.

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We present a platform for the simulation of quantum magnetism with full control of interactions between pairs of spins at arbitrary distances in 1D and 2D lattices. In our scheme, two internal atomic states represent a pseudospin for atoms trapped within a photonic crystal waveguide (PCW). With the atomic transition frequency aligned inside a band gap of the PCW, virtual photons mediate coherent spin–spin interactions between lattice sites. To obtain full control of interaction coefficients at arbitrary atom–atom separations, ground-state energy shifts are introduced as a function of distance across the PCW. In conjunction with auxiliary pump fields, spin-exchange versus atom–atom separation can be engineered with arbitrary magnitude and phase, and arranged to introduce nontrivial Berry phases in the spin lattice, thus opening new avenues for realizing topological spin models. We illustrate the broad applicability of our scheme by explicit construction for several well-known spin models.

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15

Sørensen, Anders, and Klaus Mølmer. "Spin-Spin Interaction and Spin Squeezing in an Optical Lattice." Physical Review Letters 83, no. 11 (September 13, 1999): 2274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.83.2274.

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16

Huntley, A., and C. Michael. "Spin-spin and spin-orbit potentials from lattice gauge theory." Nuclear Physics B 286 (January 1987): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(87)90438-x.

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17

NIENHUIS, Bernard. "CRITICAL SPIN-1 VERTEX MODELS AND O(n) MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 04, no. 05 (April 1990): 929–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979290000449.

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A method is presented by which critical and multicritical points of spin-1 (three-state) vertex models and classical O(n) models on two-dimensional lattices are determined. It is a straightforward generalization of the ideas that earlier led to the determination of critical points and critical exponents of a honeycomb O(n) model. On the square lattice the methods leads to tricritical as well as critical loci. For n=2 a larger critical manifold is found than for other values of n. At the critical and multicritical points thus produced the models turn out to be soluble. The method is applicable to O(n) models and spin-1 vertex models on any planar lattice.

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18

Bo, Nguyen Duong, Nguyen Hong Son, and Tran Minh Tien. "Exotic States Emerged By Spin-Orbit Coupling, Lattice Modulation and Magnetic Field in Lieb Nano-ribbons." Communications in Physics 29, no. 3SI (November 4, 2019): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/29/3si/14285.

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The Lieb nano-ribons with the spin-orbit coupling, the lattice modulation and the magnetic field are exactly studied. They are constructed from the Lieb lattice with two open boundaries in a direction. The interplay between the spin-orbit coupling, the lattice modulation and the magnetic field emerges various exotic ground states. With certain conditions of the spin-orbit coupling, the lattice modulation, the magnetic field and filling the ground state becomes half metallic or half topological. In the half metallic ground state, one spin component is metallic, while the other spin component is insulating. In the half topological ground state, one spin component is topological, while the other spin component is topological trivial. The model exhibits very rich phase diagram.

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19

Bang, Wonbae, M. T. Kaffash, M. T. Hossain, A. Hoffmann, J. B. Ketterson, and M. B. Jungfleisch. "Spin dynamics in permalloy nano-ellipses for honeycomb and square lattices." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 035131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000307.

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We report experimental and theoretical studies of spin dynamics in lattice structures of permalloy (Ni80Fe20) nano-ellipses, with four different types of networks including honeycomb and square lattices. The lattices are patterned at the center line of the co-planar wave guide and consist of non-contacting or contacting ellipses. Micromagnetic simulations show excellent agreement with the broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experimental results. We find the existence of a spin-wave mode localized in the vertex region of the contacting nano-ellipse network. Our finding has important implications when designing an artificial spin ice (ASI) network for functional magnonics.

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20

LIN, K. Y., and T. R. TSAI. "SPONTANEOUS MAGNETIZATION OF THE ISING MODEL ON THE ASANOHA LATTICE." Modern Physics Letters B 06, no. 16n17 (July 1992): 1025–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984992001848.

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We have derived exactly the spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model on the Asanoha (hemp leaf) lattice with nine two-spin coupling constants, two four-spin coupling constants, and three magnetic moments. The dual lattice of the 3–12 lattice is the Asanoha lattice which includes the triangular lattice and the diced lattice as special cases.

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21

Woo, C. H. "Machine-defined lattice spin models." Physics Letters A 116, no. 4 (June 1986): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(86)90312-9.

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22

Polonyi, Janos. "Spin-statistics for lattice QCD." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 9 (June 1989): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(89)90172-2.

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23

CHEN, YONG-CONG. "OPTIMIZING THE RVB STATE ON A TRIANGULAR LATTICE: PRESENCE OF THE LONG RANGE ORDER." Modern Physics Letters B 08, no. 20 (August 30, 1994): 1253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984994001242.

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We present a Schwinger boson approach for the RVB state of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a triangular lattice. It is shown that a Gutzwiller projection of the mean field state that includes both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic decouplings leads to optimizing the RVB pair amplitudes within a self-consistent approximation. The resulting state yields, by Monte Carlo simulations, energies and spin-spin correlations in excellent agreement with the exact diagonalization result on finite lattices (up to 36 sites). We conclude that the optimized RVB wave function possesses a long range three-sublattice order.

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24

BHANOT, G. V., and S. L. ADLER. "PARALLEL ACCELERATION ALGORITHM FOR SPIN MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 03, no. 04 (August 1992): 605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183192000397.

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We describe and implement a multi-scale acceleration algorithm for spin models on a massively parallel supercomputer, the Connection Machine CM-200. Unlike usual cluster algorithms, our algorithm is completely parallelizable. The time to update all variables in a system of volume Ld scales as Ld log 2L. We prove this by computing the time for one lattice sweep for the 2-d XY model for our algorithm on lattices of size up to 2048×2048.

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25

Kaya, Tuncer. "A new approach to real space renormalization group treatment of Ising model for square and simple cubic lattice." International Journal of Modern Physics B 32, no. 23 (August 29, 2018): 1850252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979218502521.

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Real Space Renormalization Group (RSRG) treatment of Ising model for square and simple cubic lattice is investigated and critical coupling strengths of these lattices are obtained. The mathematical complications, which appear inevitable in the decimated partition function due to Block-spin transformation, is treated with a relevant approximation. The approximation is based on the approximate equivalence of [Formula: see text] for small [Formula: see text], where K is the nearest neighbor coupling strength and [Formula: see text] is the nearest neighbor spins degrees of freedom around a central spin. The values of the critical coupling strengths are obtained as 0.4830 for square lattice and 0.2225 for simple cubic (SC) lattice. The corresponding critical exponents values [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are also calculated within very acceptable agreement with those values obtained from numerical works.

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26

Zampronio, Vinicius, and Tommaso Macrì. "Chiral superconductivity in the doped triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model in two dimensions." Quantum 7 (July 20, 2023): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-07-20-1061.

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The triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model has been extensively investigated in the literature due to its connection to chiral spin states and unconventional superconductivity. Previous simulations of the ground state of the doped system rely on quasi-one-dimensional lattices where true long-range order is forbidden. Here we simulate two-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional triangular lattices using state-of-the-art Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo. Upon doping a non-magnetic chiral spin state, we observe evidence of chiral superconductivity supported by long-range order in Cooper-pair correlation and a finite value of the chiral order parameter. With this aim, we first locate the transition from the metallic to the non-magnetic insulating phase and the onset of magnetic order. Our results pave the way towards a better understanding of strongly correlated lattice systems with magnetic frustration.

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27

HENRIQUES, A. B., P. H. O. RAPPL, and E. ABRAMOF. "MAGNETO-OPTICAL ABSORPTION AND PHOTOMAGNETISM IN EUROPIUM CHALCOGENIDES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 12n13 (May 20, 2009): 2769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209062347.

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The absorption threshold in EuTe and EuSe was investigated as a function of applied magnetic field in the Faraday geometry. A well-resolved doublet of sharp dichroic lines was observed when the magnetic field induced ferromagnetic alignment of the spins in the crystal lattice. In contrast, at zero magnetic field only a broad and featureless absorption onset is seen. These results are fully explained in terms of a model of electronic transitions between localized states at the Eu lattice site and a tight-binding conduction band, which incorporates the formation of spin domains. Based on this model, predictions are made concerning the possibility of inducing magnetization of the spin lattices by illuminating the material with circularly polarized light.

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28

Wang, Jiahu, Kevin S. Jack, and Almeria L. Natansohn. "Spin diffusion and spin-lattice relaxation in multiphase polymers." Journal of Chemical Physics 107, no. 3 (July 15, 1997): 1016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.474430.

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29

Marsh, Derek. "Nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in nitroxide spin-label EPR." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 272 (November 2016): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2016.07.019.

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30

Benyoussef, A., A. El Kenz, and T. Kaneyoshi. "Diluted mixed spin-1 and spin- on honeycomb lattice." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 131, no. 1-2 (March 1994): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(94)90025-6.

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31

Kühne, Irina A., Kane Esien, Laurence C. Gavin, Helge Müller-Bunz, Solveig Felton, and Grace G. Morgan. "Modulation of Mn3+ Spin State by Guest Molecule Inclusion." Molecules 25, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235603.

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Spin state preferences for a cationic Mn3+ chelate complex in four different crystal lattices are investigated by crystallography and SQUID magnetometry. The [MnL1]+ complex cation was prepared by complexation of Mn3+ to the Schiff base chelate formed from condensation of 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane. The cation was crystallized separately with three polyatomic counterions and in one case was found to cocrystallize with a percentage of unreacted 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde starting material. The spin state preferences of the four resultant complexes [MnL1]CF3SO3·xH2O, (1), [MnL1]PF6·xH2O, (2), [MnL1]PF6·xsal·xH2O, (2b), and [MnL1]BPh4, (3), were dependent on their ability to form strong intermolecular interactions. Complexes (1) and (2), which formed hydrogen bonds between [MnL1]+, lattice water and in one case also with counterion, showed an incomplete thermal spin crossover over the temperature range 5–300 K. In contrast, complex (3) with the BPh4−, counterion and no lattice water, was locked into the high spin state over the same temperature range, as was complex (2b), where inclusion of the 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde guest blocked the H-bonding interaction.

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32

SONG, YUN. "THE FINITE-SIZE PROPERTIES OF THE SQUARE LATTICE QUANTUM HEISENBERG ANTIFERROMAGNET." Modern Physics Letters B 15, no. 02 (January 30, 2001): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984901001537.

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We study the spin-1/2 square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnets with finite size by the nonlinear spin-wave theory. At low temperatures, the effects of the lattice size (L×L) on the spin-wave velocity and the staggered magnetization are obtained, respectively. We find that the staggered magnetization is very sensitive to the lattice size, while the finite size effect on the spin-wave velocity is weak. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the correlation length is also discussed. The results we have obtained are in agreement with the results of experiments and numerical simulations.

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33

Gaiotto, Davide, and Anton Kapustin. "Spin TQFTs and fermionic phases of matter." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 28n29 (October 19, 2016): 1645044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16450445.

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We study lattice constructions of gapped fermionic phases of matter. We show that the construction of fermionic Symmetry Protected Topological orders by Gu and Wen has a hidden dependence on a discrete spin structure on the Euclidean space-time. The spin structure is needed to resolve ambiguities which are otherwise present. An identical ambiguity is shown to arise in the fermionic analog of the string-net construction of 2D topological orders. We argue that the need for a spin structure is a general feature of lattice models with local fermionic degrees of freedom and is a lattice analog of the spin-statistics relation.

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34

Kurumaji, Takashi, Taro Nakajima, Max Hirschberger, Akiko Kikkawa, Yuichi Yamasaki, Hajime Sagayama, Hironori Nakao, Yasujiro Taguchi, Taka-hisa Arima, and Yoshinori Tokura. "Skyrmion lattice with a giant topological Hall effect in a frustrated triangular-lattice magnet." Science 365, no. 6456 (August 8, 2019): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0968.

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Geometrically frustrated magnets can host complex spin textures, leading to unconventional electromagnetic responses. Magnetic frustration may also promote topologically nontrivial spin states such as magnetic skyrmions. Experimentally, however, skyrmions have largely been observed in noncentrosymmetric lattice structures or interfacial symmetry-breaking heterostructures. Here, we report the emergence of a Bloch-type skyrmion state in the frustrated centrosymmetric triangular-lattice magnet Gd2PdSi3. We observed a giant topological Hall response, indicating a field-induced skyrmion phase, which is further corroborated by the observation of in-plane spin modulation probed by resonant x-ray scattering. Our results may lead to further discoveries of emergent electrodynamics in magnetically frustrated centrosymmetric materials.

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35

Gallyamov, I. I., and L. F. Yusupova. "Magnetization of an elastic ferromagnet." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012026.

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Abstract At the macroscopic level, ferromagnetism is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. To describe magnetic materials, it is necessary to create a heuristic model that in terms of continuum mechanics describes the interaction between the lattice continuum, which is a carrier of deformations, and the magnetization field, which is associated with the spin continuum through the gyromagnetic effect. According to the laws of quantum mechanics, each individual particle is associated with a magnetic moment and an internal angular momentum – spin. Electrons mainly contribute to the magnetic moment of the atom. Therefore, the continuum is continuously associated with the discrete distribution of individual spins in a real ferromagnetic body known as the electron spin continuum. In addition, it is necessary to formulate field equations that, together with Maxwell’s equations, describe the electron spin continuum. After that, it is necessary to consider the interaction between the lattice continuum and the electron spin continuum. Elastic ferromagnets should be described with due regard to the spin density and couple stresses. The spin system is a carrier of the magnetic properties, and the mechanical properties are associated with the lattice. Thus, spin–lattice interactions indicate the relationship between magnetic and mechanical properties.

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Fujiki, S., and D. D. Betts. "Zero-temperature properties of quantum spin models on a triangular lattice I: the ferromagnet." Canadian Journal of Physics 64, no. 8 (August 1, 1986): 876–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p86-154.

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The calculation of two- and four-spin correlations of the [Formula: see text] ferromagnet has been extended to an N = 21 site triangular lattice. By fitting a quadratic in 1/N to the nearest neighbour transverse pair correlations, we have estimated the ground-state energy per bond on the infinite lattice to be E0/3NJ = −0.5326 ± 0.003. We conjecture that the square of the magnetization per site vanishes very sharply as N−0.06. The nearest neighbour longitudinal correlation per bond [Formula: see text] for all two-dimensional lattices.

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Thang, Nguyen Toan, and Pham Thi Thanh Nga. "Supersolids of Hard Core - Bosons on a Triangular Lattice." Communications in Physics 21, no. 4 (December 30, 2011): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/21/4/361.

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We study the boson model on a triangular lattice interacting only via on-site hardcore repulsion by mapping to a system of spins $(S = 1/2)$. We investigate the supersolid phase of the systems which is a state matter displaying both diagonal long- range (solid) order as well as off-diagonal long-range (superfluidity) by utilizing a semionic representation for the spin-XXZ model. We show that the supersolid order is stable in the mean-field theory for a broad region of parameters. The inclusion of spin wave corrections modifies this picture, but the supersolid phase is still quite robust on the triangular lattices.

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CAMBUÍ, D. S., A. S. DE ARRUDA, and M. GODOY. "MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF A DISORDERED BINARY ISING MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics C 23, no. 08 (August 2012): 1240015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183112400153.

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A disordered binary Ising model, with only nearest-neighbor spin exchange interactions J > 0 on the square lattice, is studied through Monte Carlo simulations. The system consists of two different particles with spin-1/2 and spin-1, randomly distributed on the lattice. We found the critical temperatures for several values of the concentration x of spin-1/2 particles, and also the corresponding critical exponents.

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Daniška, Michal, and Andrej Gendiar. "Analysis of quantum spin models on hyperbolic lattices and Bethe lattice." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 49, no. 14 (February 23, 2016): 145003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/49/14/145003.

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Briones, J., H. C. Schneider, and B. Rethfeld. "Monte Carlo simulation of ultrafast nonequilibrium spin and charge transport in iron." Journal of Physics Communications 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 035001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac5873.

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Abstract Spin transport and spin dynamics after femtosecond laser pulse irradiation of iron (Fe) are studied using a kinetic Monte Carlo model. This model simulates spin dependent dynamics by taking into account two interaction processes during nonequilibrium: elastic electron–lattice scattering, where only the direction of the excited electrons changes, and inelastic electron–electron scattering processes, where secondary electrons are generated. An analysis of the spin dependent particle kinetics inside the material shows that a smaller elastic scattering time leads to a larger spatial spread of electrons in the material, whereas generation of secondary electrons extends the time span for superdiffusive transport and increases the spin current density.

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Morrison, C., and M. Bloom. "General Orientation Dependence of NMR Spin-Lattice Relaxation for Spin1." Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series A 103, no. 1 (June 1993): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmra.1993.1123.

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Salberger, Olof, and Vladimir Korepin. "Entangled spin chain." Reviews in Mathematical Physics 29, no. 10 (November 2017): 1750031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129055x17500313.

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We introduce a new model of interacting spin 1/2. It describes interactions of three nearest neighbors. The Hamiltonian can be expressed in terms of Fredkin gates. The Fredkin gate (also known as the controlled swap gate) is a computational circuit suitable for reversible computing. Our construction generalizes the model presented by Peter Shor and Ramis Movassagh to half-integer spins. Our model can be solved by means of Catalan combinatorics in the form of random walks on the upper half plane of a square lattice (Dyck walks). Each Dyck path can be mapped on a wave function of spins. The ground state is an equally weighted superposition of Dyck walks (instead of Motzkin walks). We can also express it as a matrix product state. We further construct a model of interacting spins 3/2 and greater half-integer spins. The models with higher spins require coloring of Dyck walks. We construct a [Formula: see text] symmetric model (where [Formula: see text] is the number of colors). The leading term of the entanglement entropy is then proportional to the square root of the length of the lattice (like in the Shor–Movassagh model). The gap closes as a high power of the length of the lattice [5, 11].

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XU, HUI-YING, WEN-XUE YU, and ZHEN-HONG MAI. "ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT IN MAGNETIC SANDWICH WITH INTERFACE INTER-DIFFUSIONAL ROUGHNESS AND/OR ALLOYING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 17 (July 10, 1999): 2313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299002423.

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A thin transition sublayer with its own spin-dependent lattice potentials and relaxation times of the conduction electrons is introduced to describe the interface inter-diffusional roughness and/or alloying. Within the real-space Kubo formalism, the contribution of the spin-dependent lattice potentials to the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect, the dependence of the GMR effect on the spin asymmetry ratio and the spin-down relaxation time of the transition sublayers, the GMR effect versus the thicknesses of the ferromagnetic (FM) and nonmagnetic (NM) layers are discussed based on the jellium model with step-like and spin-dependent lattice potentials. The interesting results emerging in our calculations are that (1) the contribution of the spin-dependent lattice potentials to the GMR effect may be positive or negative, it is decided by the thicknesses of the FM and NM layers; (2) the contribution of spin-dependent lattice potentials to the GMR effect is much weaker than that of the spin-dependent relaxation times; (3) the increase or decrease of the GMR effect is not simply decided by the increased or decreased interface disorder but decided by the increased or decreased spin asymmetry ratio of the interface structure, which is caused by the change of the interface disorder; (4) for the case of the spin asymmetry ratio of the transition sublayers smaller than that of the FM layers, there exists a critical thickness d c for the thickness d F of the FM layers, when d F >d c , the existence of the interface inter-diffusional roughness and/or alloying increases the GMR effect, however, when d F <d c , it is on the contrary.

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44

Guo, Wenbin, Zhangzhen He, Yingying Tang, Suyun Zhang, Ming Yang, and Wendan Cheng. "BaMn9II(VO4)6(OH)2: a homospin ferrimagnet with a broken spinel-lattice of B-sites." Dalton Transactions 44, no. 14 (2015): 6363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt02930e.

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A new homospin ferrimagnet BaMn₉^II(VO₄)₆(OH)₂ exhibits a unique structural feature with a reverse triangular dipyramid Mn₇ spin lattice, in which such a lattice can be considered as a broken spin lattice of B-sites in spinel compounds.

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Wijesinhe, H. S., and K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Spin Waves in Two and Three Dimensional Magnetic Materials." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 49 (April 2015): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.49.35.

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The equations of motion for the dynamic properties of spin waves in three dimensions were obtained using Heisenberg model and solved for two and three dimensional lattices analytically up to an exponential operator representation. The second order Suzuki Trotter decomposition method was extended to incorporate second nearest interaction parameters into the numerical solution. Computer based simulations on systems in micro canonical ensembles in constant-energy states were used to check the applicability of this model for two dimensional lattice as well as three dimensional simple cubic and bcc lattices. In the magnon dispersion curves all or most of the spin wave components could be recognized as peaks in the dynamic structure factor presenting the variation of energy transfer with respect to momentum transfer of spin waves. Second order Suzuki Trotter algorithm used conserved the energy.

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Wijesinhe, H. S., and K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Spin Waves in Two and Three Dimensional Magnetic Materials." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 49 (April 7, 2015): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-7562a7.

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The equations of motion for the dynamic properties of spin waves in three dimensions were obtained using Heisenberg model and solved for two and three dimensional lattices analytically up to an exponential operator representation. The second order Suzuki Trotter decomposition method was extended to incorporate second nearest interaction parameters into the numerical solution. Computer based simulations on systems in micro canonical ensembles in constant-energy states were used to check the applicability of this model for two dimensional lattice as well as three dimensional simple cubic and bcc lattices. In the magnon dispersion curves all or most of the spin wave components could be recognized as peaks in the dynamic structure factor presenting the variation of energy transfer with respect to momentum transfer of spin waves. Second order Suzuki Trotter algorithm used conserved the energy.

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BAKAEV, A. V., and V. I. KABANOVICH. "NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE 3-COLOR PROBLEM ON CUBIC LATTICE BY A METHOD OF RANDOM PARTITION FUNCTIONS." Modern Physics Letters B 08, no. 07 (March 20, 1994): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984994000467.

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We propose a stochastic method for computing partition functions of models which can be stated as lattice spin models. The method admits averaging over independent realizations, thus is well suited for simulating models on finite lattices. We apply this method to the 3-color problem on cubic map.

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48

Mert, Gulistan, and Hasan Sevki Mert. "Spin Configurations in the Rectangular Lattice." World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 03, no. 04 (2013): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjcmp.2013.34030.

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Shik, A., H. E. Ruda, and I. D. Vagner. "Nuclear Spin-Lattice Relaxation in Superlattices." IEEE Transactions On Nanotechnology 4, no. 1 (January 2005): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnano.2004.840159.

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Lin, H. Q., and V. J. Emery. "Spin-1XXZmodel on the square lattice." Physical Review B 40, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 2730–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.40.2730.

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