Academic literature on the topic 'Latin American criollismo'

The Gothic short form in Latin America has yet to receive focused scholarly attention. Yet, despite no early Gothic novel tradition to speak of, the Gothic mode emerged in poetry and short fiction, representing particular anxieties and colonial/postcolonial realities specific to the region owing in part to a significant increase in periodicals. Focusing on two case studies – Clemente Palma's ‘La granja blanca’ (Peru, 1904) and Horacio Quiroga's ‘El almohadón de plumas’ (Uruguay, 1917) – this article will explore how Latin American authors classified as modern, modernista, and criollista were experimenting with Gothic forms, adapting the design of the traditional Gothic novel to intensify its effect and reach a wider readership. Demonstrating a particular influence of Poe, a unity of effect is created, one that suggests that the home is a place of horrors, not comfort, and the uniquely horrifying settings and plot ultimately challenge established moral codes and literary tendencies.

A fim de compreender como a discussão sobre nacionalidade literária se expressou na produção de Jorge Luis Borges, este artigo analisa três diferentes ensaios escritos pelo autor argentino entre os anos 1920 e 1950 – “Queja de todo criollo” (1926), “Nuestro pobre individualismo” (1946) e “El escritor argentino y la tradición” (1953) –, nos quais são discutidos problemas relacionados ao nacionalismo na literatura argentina, especialmente questões sobre o criollismo, a poesia gauchesca (no que se destaca o épico Martín Fierro, de José Hernández) e as relações entre o escritor latino-americano e a tradição literária europeia. Para melhor entender a posição de Borges, recorremos também aos estudos de Antonio Candido (“Literatura e subdesenvolvimento”) e de Silviano Santiago (“O entre-lugar do discurso latino-americano”) sobre os problemas da imitação e da assimilação nas literaturas latino-americanas; por fim, apontamos em Machado de Assis, elementos precursores das discussões de Borges, tal como foram percebidos por Leyla Perrone-Moisés em “Machado de Assis e Borges: nacionalismo e cor local”.

The writer Virgilio Rodríguez Macal, through his essays, narratives, and journalistic chronicles, actively participated in the great debates about the fate of the Guatemalan nation during and after the socialist governments of the Revolution (1944-1954). This thesis delves into a neglected oeuvre the study of which sheds light on an original perspective about a national period with continental repercussions. I study his regionalist novels Carazamba (1953), Jinayá (1956) and Guayacán (1962) within the framework of Guatemala and Latin America’s intellectual, literary and socio-political history. This approach, in combination with a close textual analysis, allows me to show that Rodríguez Macal, with a firm footing in the Latin American lettered tradition of political commitment to the construction of the nation, propounds narrative worlds that amount to national integration programs centered around the northern region of the country. I demonstrate that Rodríguez Macal adopts a regionalist aesthetic to postulate a Guatemalan autochthonous essence based on the discourse of narrators who act as discerners of that same essence based on a scientific knowledge derived from disciplines such as anthropology, historiography and sociology. Lastly, I reveal that this literary project is the expression of an independent intellectual trajectory preoccupied with proposing alternative projects for the modernization and territorialization of the nation.

Le présent travail porte sur l’analyse de la reconstruction identitaire de l’auteur Benedicto Chuaqui dans son œuvre Memorias de un emigrante (1942). Autobiographique, l’œuvre raconte l’expérience migratoire au Chili de Chuaqui, d’origine syrienne, durant une période où le pays est marqué par de nombreux changements sociaux, politiques et économiques. L’analyse de la subjectivité de Chuaqui au sein du texte nous révèle une reconstruction identitaire qui s’effectue par son désir d’appartenir à la nation chilienne. En reconstruisant son passé, l’auteur défend son appartenance à la nation et, par ce fait, propose sa propre définition de l’identité chilienne. L’œuvre remet en question la définition essentialiste de l’identité tant au niveau individuel que collectif, puisque l’auteur la conçoit comme étant fracturée, multiple et reconstruite au fil du temps.
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze Benedicto Chuaqui’s identity reconstruction in his autobiographical work Memorias de un emigrante (1942). Born in Syria, Chuaqui recreates his migratory experience in Chili, at a time when the country is marked by many social, economic and political changes. The analysis of Chuaqui’s subjectivity within the text reveals an identity reconstruction propelled by his desire to belong to the Chilean nation. By reconstructing his past, the author defends his membership to the nation, and by doing so, offers his own definition of Chilean identity. The work calls into question the essentialist definition of identity both individually and collectively, as the author sees it as fractured, multiple and reconstructed over time.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar el proceso de reconstrucción identitaria que el autor Benedicto Chuaqui lleva a cabo en su obra Memorias de un emigrante (1942). De carácter autobiográfico, la obra relata la experiencia de migración de Chuaqui, de origen sirio, en Chile durante un periodo bastante dinámico social, económica y políticamente. El análisis de la subjetividad de Chuaqui en el texto nos revela la reconstrucción identitaria que se lleva a cabo en función de su deseo de pertenecer a la nación chilena. A través de la reconstrucción de su pasado, el autor defiende su pertenencia a la nación, definiendo, al tiempo, lo que significa ser chileno. La obra cuestiona la definición esencialista de la identidad, tanto a nivel individual como colectivo, ya que el autor entiende que ésta puede ser fracturada y múltiple, así como reconstruida a través del tiempo.