Academic literature on the topic 'Lateral nucleus accumbens'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lateral nucleus accumbens"
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Wang, Dongmei, Jianjun Zhang, Yunjing Bai, Xigeng Zheng, Mirmohammadali M. Alizamini, Wen Shang, Qingxiong Yang, Ming Li, Yonghui Li, and Nan Sui. "Melanin-concentrating hormone in rat nucleus accumbens or lateral hypothalamus differentially impacts morphine and food seeking behaviors." Journal of Psychopharmacology 34, no. 4 (January 7, 2020): 478–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881119895521.
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Background: Identifying neural substrates that are differentially affected by drugs of abuse and natural rewards is key to finding a target for an efficacious treatment for substance abuse. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a polypeptide with an inhibitory effect on the mesolimbic dopamine system. Here we test the hypothesis that melanin-concentrating hormone in the lateral hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens shell is differentially involved in the regulation of morphine and food-rewarded behaviors. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were trained with morphine (5.0 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or food pellets (standard chow, 10–14 g) to induce a conditioned place preference, immediately followed by extinction training. Melanin-concentrating hormone (1.0 µg/side) or saline was infused into the nucleus accumbens shell or lateral hypothalamus before the reinstatement primed by morphine or food, and locomotor activity was simultaneously monitored. As the comparison, melanin-concentrating hormone was also microinjected into the nucleus accumbens shell or lateral hypothalamus before the expression of food or morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Results: Microinfusion of melanin-concentrating hormone into the nucleus accumbens shell (but not into the lateral hypothalamus) prevented the reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference but had no effect on the reinstatement of food conditioned place preference. In contrast, microinfusion of melanin-concentrating hormone into the lateral hypothalamus (but not in the nucleus accumbens shell) inhibited the reinstatement of food conditioned place preference but had no effect on the reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference. Conclusions: These results suggest a clear double dissociation of melanin-concentrating hormone in morphine/food rewarding behaviors and melanin-concentrating hormone in the nucleus accumbens shell. Melanin-concentrating hormone could be a potential target for therapeutic intervention for morphine abuse without affecting natural rewards.
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Taverna, Stefano, Barbara Canciani, and Cyriel M. A. Pennartz. "Dopamine D1-Receptors Modulate Lateral Inhibition Between Principal Cells of the Nucleus Accumbens." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 3 (March 2005): 1816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00672.2004.
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One of the current hypotheses on dopamine in the physiology of motivation posits that this neurotransmitter regulates filtering and selection of inputs to the nucleus accumbens. The effects of dopamine (100 μM) and the D1-receptor agonist SKF 38393 (20–50 μM) on GABAergic synaptic transmission between pairs of principal cells of rat nucleus accumbens were studied by using simultaneous dual patch-clamp recordings in acutely prepared brain slices. Both compounds attenuated postsynaptic responses induced by presynaptic firing and this effect was reversed by the D1-receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (25 μM). This attenuating effect of dopamine D1-receptors may act to diminish competitive interactions between single projection neurons or ensembles in the nucleus accumbens.
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Sazdanovic, Maja, Predrag Sazdanovic, Ivana Zivanovic-Macuzic, Vladimir Jakovljevic, Dejan Jeremic, Amir Peljto, and Jovo Tosevski. "Neurons of human nucleus accumbens." Vojnosanitetski pregled 68, no. 8 (2011): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1108655s.
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Background/Aim. Nucleus accumbens is a part of the ventral striatum also known as a drug active brain region, especially related with drug addiction. The aim of the study was to investigate the Golgi morphology of the nucleus accumbens neurons. Methods. The study was performed on the frontal and sagittal sections of 15 human brains by the Golgi Kopsch method. We classified neurons in the human nucleus accumbens according to their morphology and size into four types: type I - fusiform neurons; type II - fusiform neurons with lateral dendrite, arising from a part of the cell body; type III - pyramidal-like neuron; type IV - multipolar neuron. The medium spiny neurons, which are mostly noted regarding to the drug addictive conditions of the brain, correspond to the type IV - multipolar neurons. Results. Two regions of human nucleus accumbens could be clearly recognized on Nissl and Golgi preparations each containing different predominant neuronal types. Central part of nucleus accumbens, core region, has a low density of impregnated neurons with predominant type III, pyramidal-like neurons, with spines on secondary branches and rare type IV, multipolar neurons. Contrary to the core, peripheral region, shell of nucleus, has a high density of impregnated neurons predominantly contained of type I and type IV - multipolar neurons, which all are rich in spines on secondary and tertiary dendritic branches. Conclusion. Our results indicate great morphological variability of human nucleus accumbens neurons. This requires further investigations and clarifying clinical significance of this important brain region.
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Swerdlow, Neal R., and George F. Koob. "Dopamine, schizophrenia, mania, and depression: Toward a unified hypothesis of cortico-striatopallido-thalamic function." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 1987): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00047488.
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AbstractConsiderable evidence from preclinical and clinical investigations implicates disturbances of brain dopamine (DA) function in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric and neurologic disorders. We describe a neural model that may help organize theseindependent experimental observations. Cortical regions classically associated with the limbic system interact with infracortical structures, including the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus. In our model, overactivity in forebrain DA systems results in the loss of lateral inhibitory interactions in the nucleus accumbens, causing disinhibition of pallidothalamic efferents; this in turn causes rapid changes and a loss of focused corticothalamic activity in cortical regions controlling cognitive and emotional processes. These effects might be manifested clinically by some symptoms of psychoses. Underactivity of forebrain DA results in excess lateral inhibition in the nucleus accumbens, causing tonic inhibition of pallidothalamic efferents; this perpetuates tonic corticothalamic activity and prevents the initiation of new activity in other critical cortical regions. These effects might be manifested clinically by some symptoms of depression. This model parallels existing explanations for the etiology of several movement disorders, and may lead to testable inferences regarding the neural substrates of specific psychopathologies.
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Lalonde, Robert, and Catherine Strazielle. "Neuroanatomical pathways underlying the effects of hypothalamo-hypophysial-adrenal hormones on exploratory activity." Reviews in the Neurosciences 28, no. 6 (July 26, 2017): 617–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2016-0075.
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AbstractWhen injected via the intracerebroventricular route, corticosterone-releasing hormone (CRH) reduced exploration in the elevated plus-maze, the center region of the open-field, and the large chamber in the defensive withdrawal test. The anxiogenic action of CRH in the elevated plus-maze also occurred when infused in the basolateral amygdala, ventral hippocampus, lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, nucleus accumbens, periaqueductal grey, and medial frontal cortex. The anxiogenic action of CRH in the defensive withdrawal test was reproduced when injected in the locus coeruleus, while the amygdala, hippocampus, lateral septum, nucleus accumbens, and lateral globus pallidus contribute to center zone exploration in the open-field. In addition to elevated plus-maze and open-field tests, the amygdala appears as a target region for CRH-mediated anxiety in the elevated T-maze. Thus, the amygdala is the principal brain region identified with these three tests, and further research must identify the neural circuits underlying this form of anxiety.
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Sazdanovic, Maja, Slobodanka Mitrovic, Milos Todorovic, Maja Vulovic, Dejan Jeremic, Zoran Milosavljevic, Predrag Sazdanovic, and Neda Ognjanovic. "Morphology of Human Nucleus Accumbens Neurons Based on the Immunohistochemical Expression of Gad67." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2016-0041.
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Abstract The nucleus accumbens is a part of the ventral striatum along with the caudate nucleus and putamen. The role of the human nucleus accumbens in drug addiction and other psychiatric disorders is of great importance. The aim of this study was to characterize medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens according to the immunohistochemical expression of GAD67. This study was conducted on twenty human brains of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 75. The expression of GAD67 was assessed immunohistochemically, and the characterization of the neurons was based on the shape and size of the soma and the number of impregnated primary dendrites. We showed that neurons of the human nucleus accumbens expressed GAD67 in the neuron soma and in the primary dendrites. An analysis of the cell body morphology revealed the following four different types of neurons: fusiform neurons, fusiform neurons with lateral dendrites, pyramidal neurons and multipolar neurons. An immunohistochemical analysis showed a strong GAD67 expression in GABAergic medium spiny neurons, which could be classifi ed into four different types, and these neurons morphologically correlated with those described by the Golgi study.
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Whiting, Alexander C., Michael Y. Oh, and Donald M. Whiting. "Deep brain stimulation for appetite disorders: a review." Neurosurgical Focus 45, no. 2 (August 2018): E9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.4.focus18141.
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The mechanisms of appetite disorders, such as refractory obesity and anorexia nervosa, have been vigorously studied over the last century, and these studies have shown that the central nervous system has significant involvement with, and responsibility for, the pathology associated with these diseases. Because deep brain stimulation has been shown to be a safe, efficacious, and adjustable treatment modality for a variety of other neurological disorders, it has also been studied as a possible treatment for appetite disorders. In studies of refractory obesity in animal models, the ventromedial hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, and the nucleus accumbens have all demonstrated elements of success as deep brain stimulation targets. Multiple targets for deep brain stimulation have been proposed for anorexia nervosa, with research predominantly focusing on the subcallosal cingulate, the nucleus accumbens, and the stria terminalis and medial forebrain bundle. Human deep brain stimulation studies that focus specifically on refractory obesity and anorexia nervosa have been performed but with limited numbers of patients. In these studies, the target for refractory obesity has been the lateral hypothalamus, ventromedial hypothalamus, and nucleus accumbens, and the target for anorexia nervosa has been the subcallosal cingulate. These studies have shown promising findings, but further research is needed to elucidate the long-term efficacy of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of appetite disorders.
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Roik, Roman O., Andrei A. Lebedev, and Petr D. Shabanov. "The value of extended amygdala structures in emotive effects of narcogenic with diverse chemical structure." Research Results in Pharmacology 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.5.38389.
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Introduction: Studies on the mechanisms of the reinforcing action of opioid and non-opioid narcotics confirmed the existence in the brain of a specialized system named the extended amygdala. Materials and methods: To clarify the value of the extended amygdala structures (bed nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala and nucleus accumbens shell) in the mechanisms of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcement activated by various narcogenic, this paper carried out a neuropharmacological analysis of these effects, using blockade of dopamine receptors, GABA, opioids and CRF receptors within these brain structures, as well as an analysis of behavioral responses by self-stimulation (unconditioned reinforcement) and conditioned place preference (CPP) (conditioned reinforcement). Results and discussion: The central amygdala and the bed nucleus have a controlling influence on the hypothalamus, which is predominantly of CRF-, GABA- and dopaminergic nature. Through D1 dopamine receptors,, a direct positive (activating) effect on the lateral hypothalamus is made. The D2 receptor blockade of the nucleus accumbens prevents narcogenic from exerting the reinforcing properties, which are primarily stimulating. The blockade of the D1 receptors of the nucleus accumbens by SCH-23390 prevents the expression of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcing properties of predominantly opiates and opioids. The blockade of GABAA receptors in the nucleus accumbens with bicuculline prevents the manifestation of the primary and secondary reinforcing properties (CPP) of psychostimulant drugs (amphetamine), without affecting the effects of opiates and opioids (fentanyl and leu-enkephalin). Conclusion: The pharmacological analysis proves that CRF, dopamine and GABA receptors are most important for the correction of reinforcement activated by various narcogenic.
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Sasabayashi, Daiki, Yoichiro Takayanagi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Naoyuki Katagiri, Atsushi Sakuma, Chika Obara, Masahiro Katsura, et al. "Subcortical Brain Volume Abnormalities in Individuals With an At-risk Mental State." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 4 (March 12, 2020): 834–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa011.
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Abstract Previous structural magnetic resonance imaging studies of psychotic disorders have demonstrated volumetric alterations in subcortical (ie, the basal ganglia, thalamus) and temporolimbic structures, which are involved in high-order cognition and emotional regulation. However, it remains unclear whether individuals at high risk for psychotic disorders with minimal confounding effects of medication exhibit volumetric changes in these regions. This multicenter magnetic resonance imaging study assessed regional volumes of the thalamus, caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and amygdala, as well as lateral ventricular volume using FreeSurfer software in 107 individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) (of whom 21 [19.6%] later developed psychosis during clinical follow-up [mean = 4.9 years, SD = 2.6 years]) and 104 age- and gender-matched healthy controls recruited at 4 different sites. ARMS individuals as a whole demonstrated significantly larger volumes for the left caudate and bilateral lateral ventricles as well as a smaller volume for the right accumbens compared with controls. In male subjects only, the left globus pallidus was significantly larger in ARMS individuals. The ARMS group was also characterized by left-greater-than-right asymmetries of the lateral ventricle and caudate nucleus. There was no significant difference in the regional volumes between ARMS groups with and without later psychosis onset. The present study suggested that significant volume expansion of the lateral ventricle, caudate, and globus pallidus, as well as volume reduction of the accumbens, in ARMS subjects, which could not be explained only by medication effects, might be related to general vulnerability to psychopathology.
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Shabanov, Petr D., Andrei Andreevich Lebedev, Vitalii Ivanovich Morozov, and Sergei Vladimirivich Azarenko. "INTERACTION BETWEEN OREXIN AND OPIOIDS SYSTEMS OF THE STRUCTURES OF PARAAMYGDALAR COMPLEX IN THE REINFORCING EFFECTS OF SPONTANEOUS AND ACTIVATED SELF-STIMULATION OF THE LATERAL HYPOTHALAMUS." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 19, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12163.
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Male Wistar rats were implanted bipolar electrodes into the lateral hypothalamus to study self-stimulation reaction in the Skinner box and microcannulas into the right lateral ventricle and structutes of the paraamygdalar complex (bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala or nucleus accumbens) to study central effects of orexin (5 µg in 5 µl i. v. for an injection) on the reinforcing properties of pharmacological drugs. Intraperitoneal administration of trimeperidine (3 mg/kg), a synthetic opioid, was shown to increase self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in the Skinner box (number of pedal pressings for 10 min) by 51.8%, and sulpiride (5 mg/kg, a small dose), an antagonist of D2 dopamine receptors, did not change but in the large dose (20 mg/kg) decreased self-stimulation by 49.3% (a number of pedal pressings, or self-stimulation frequency within 10 min). At the same time, SB-408124, an antagonist of OX1R receptors and its combination with orexin did not change self-stimulation indexes after intrastructural administration into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala or nucleus accumbens. On the background of blockade of OX1R receptors by SB-408124 (1 µg for all structures) trimeperidine reduced their activating action on self-stimulation reaction. Sulpiride (5 mg/kg i. p., a dose not affecting self-stimulation reaction) blocked activating action of trimeperidine after blockade OX1R receptors by SB-408124 (1 µg). The data obtained can suggest that OX1R receptors participate in the reinforcing effects of synthetic opioid trimeperidine and the blockade of them by SB-408124 potentiate antagonist effects of sulpiride on self-stimulation (4 tables, bibliography: 23 refs).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lateral nucleus accumbens"
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Oda, Keiji. "Effects of dopamine depletion in the nucleus accumbens on lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation in the rat." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ54279.pdf.
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Joshi, Anil. "Dopaminergic control of food choice preference and tVTA influence on learned helplessness." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAJ109.
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Cette thèse a étudié, dans un modèle rongeur de la maladie de Parkinson avec lésion bilatérale de la substance noire, la présence de symptômes moteurs et non moteurs, ces derniers couvrant les aspects liés à la prise alimentaire, la douleur et la dépression. Nous avons montré qu’une co-lésion de la queue de l’aire tegmentale ventrale (tVTA) est suffisante pour bloquer ces symptômes de type parkinsonien. Nous avons ensuite étudié l'influence du système dopaminergique sur le choix alimentaire en détruisant sélectivement les neurones dopaminergiques ou leurs champs terminaux et en testant les animaux pour leur réponse à un régime riche en sucre et en graisses. Nous avons observé une augmentation de l'apport en graisses avec la perte des terminaisons dopaminergiques, ou un blocage des récepteurs D1, dans la partie rostrale du noyau accumbens latéral. Enfin, nous avons montré une augmentation de la transmission synaptique excitatrice dans la tVTA associée au développement du désespoir acquis chez le rat. Ces travaux ont ainsi contribué au progrès de nos connaissances sur les systèmes dopaminergiques centraux et le comportement, affectant la motricité, la douleur, la prise alimentaire et l'humeurThis thesis investigated a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease, with a bilateral lesion of the substantia nigra, for the presence of motor and non-motor symptoms, with the latter covering aspects related to food intake, pain, and depression. We showed that a co-lesion of the tail of the ventral tegmental area (tVTA) is sufficient to reverse these parkinsonian-like symptoms. We next studied the influence of the dopaminergic system on food choice by selectively destroying dopamine neurons and their terminals and testing the animals with a free-choice high-fat high-sugar diet. We reported an increase in fat intake with the loss of dopaminergic transmission, or the blockade of D1 receptors, in the rostral part of the lateral nucleus accumbens. Finally, we showed an increased excitatory synaptic transmission in the tVTA associated with the development of learned helplessness in rats. Overall, this work has thus contributed to the progress of our knowledge of central dopaminergic systems’ influence on behavior, affecting motor skills, pain, food intake, and mood
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West, Thomas Edward George. "Effects of naltrexone on nucleus accumbens, lateral hypothalamic and venetral tegmental brain stimulation reward." Thesis, 1986. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/5790/1/ML35578.pdf.
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Georgescu, Dan. "The role of lateral hypothalamic neuropeptides in drug addiction and feeding behavior." 2004. http://edissertations.library.swmed.edu/pdf/GeorgescuD081904/GeorgescuDan.pdf.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Lateral nucleus accumbens"
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McCarty, Richard. "Resilience." In Stress and Mental Disorders: Insights from Animal Models, 465–96. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190697266.003.0015.
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A consistent finding from research on animal models of depression and PTSD is that some animals are highly susceptible to the effects of stressful stimulation, while others show few obvious effects. A relatively new of line of research on resilience has emerged and has directed attention to those animals that are resistant to the effects of chronic or traumatic stressors. By tracking animals that are resistant to the behavioral effects of these stressful paradigms, one can then explore the molecular underpinnings of resilience in the brains of these same animals. Using chronic social defeat stress, some investigators have focused their attention on the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, and the prefrontal cortex. Other systems that have been studied include signaling molecules of the immune system and communication pathways between the immune system and the brain. A related line of research has addressed the possibility that prior exposure to stressors may inoculate animals to the deleterious effects of later stressor exposure.