Journal articles: 'Late phase'

1

Kaliner, Michael A. "Late Phase Reactions." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 7, no. 3 (May 1, 1986): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/108854186778995329.

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2

Kemp, James P. "Late-Phase Pulmonary Reactions." Journal of Asthma 27, no. 2 (January 1990): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770909009073299.

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3

Lemanske, Robert F. "Late-Phase Pulmonary Reactions." Journal of Asthma 27, no. 2 (January 1990): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770909009073300.

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4

Kambe, Naotomo, Aki Kitao, Chikako Nishigori, and Yoshiki Miyachi. "Late-phase urticaria update." Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 2, no. 4 (July 2002): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11882-002-0052-8.

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5

Herndon, Richard L. "The Late Woodland South Branch Phase." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 41, no. 3 (October 1, 2016): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26599941.

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Abstract Investigations associated with the Avenue of Saints highway project resulted in the documentation of a series of Late Woodland South Branch phase (cal A.D. 600–850) occupations in the Mississippi floodplain of northeastern Missouri. These settlements represent the first South Branch sites excavated in Missouri and provided an opportunity to update what is known about the phase. This article summarizes the artifact, feature, and subsistence data recovered. As a result of this work, it is proposed that the original South Branch phase (cal A.D. 400–600) be extended and divided into two phases: South Branch I (cal A.D. 400–600) and South Branch II (cal A.D. 600–850). Reinterpretations of some large South Branch bluff-base settlements as periodically occupied focal points on the landscape are offered.

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6

Zyman, Erik. "Phase‐Constrained Obligatory Late Adjunction." Syntax 25, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 84–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/synt.12226.

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7

Anderson, James William. "William James: The Late Phase." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 43, no. 11 (November 1998): 760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/001837.

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8

Larsen, Gary L. "The Pulmonary Late-Phase Response." Hospital Practice 22, no. 11 (November 15, 1987): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1987.11703366.

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9

Lemanske, Robert F., and Michael Kaliner. "Late-phase IgE-mediated reactions." Journal of Clinical Immunology 8, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00915151.

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10

Hurt, S. W., and P. P. Schnurr. "Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Psychosomatic Medicine 54, no. 6 (November 1992): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199211000-00012.

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11

Bolli, Roberto. "The Late Phase of Preconditioning." Circulation Research 87, no. 11 (November 24, 2000): 972–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.res.87.11.972.

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12

Blythe, Stephen A., and Robert F. Lemanske. "Pulmonary late-phase allergic reactions." Pediatric Pulmonology 4, no. 3 (1988): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.1950040310.

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13

Pashko, Pandeli, and Shyqyri Aliaj. "Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of Late Miocene - Quaternary Basins in Eastern Albania: A Review." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 56, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.22064.

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The new stratigraphic data and tectonic evolution of the Late Miocene-Quaternary basins developed in Eastern Albania are presented. The reviewed stratigraphic data for deposits filling the Ohrid, Prespa and Devolli basins show that they began to form in Late Miocene. The stratigraphic evidences from eastern Albania are confronted with the stratigraphic data from the lake basins in western North Macedonia and northwestern Greece that all show the same age of infilling. The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Eastern Albania consists of two phases of extensional deformations, the first in Middle Eocene-Late Miocene (Pannonian/Tortonian) and the second starting in Late Miocene (Pontian s. l.). The two phases are separated by a short compressive phase at the Late Miocene (end of Pannonian/Tortonian) or pre-Pontian s. l. time. In Late Miocene (Pontian) began forming the system of the Ohrid, Prespa and Devolli basins developed along the Drini fault zone. The Korça, Kolonja, Kukesi and Tropoja basins began to form since Pliocene and the Peshkopi Basin since Early Pleistocene. Finally, only the Ohrid and Prespa lakes are still active. The Late Miocene-Pleistocene basins were filled by lacustrine, lacustrine-fluvial and terrestrial sediments of the great thickness and of varied lithology: conglomerates, gravels, sandstones, sands, claystone and marls with lignite seams. Molluscs, microflora and flora, ostracods and vertebrates are found. The Lake Ohrid is a tectonically active graben formed during two main phases of deformation: (1) a trans-tensional phase which generated a pull-apart basin, and (2) an extensional phase which leads to its present geometry. All basins in Eastern Albania are situated in a basin and range-like (graben and horst) geodynamical setting. The inferred stratigraphic and tectonic evolution of Late Miocene-Quaternary basins in Eastern Albania as well as the relief formation and thermochronological data show that the Late Miocene-Quaternary period which led to the recent geological structure of Albania and its rapid relief formation, can be accepted as ‘Neotectonic period’.

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14

Pashko, Pandeli, and Shyqyri Aliaj. "Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of Late Miocene - Quaternary Basins in Eastern Albania: A Review." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 56, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.22064.

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The new stratigraphic data and tectonic evolution of the Late Miocene-Quaternary basins developed in Eastern Albania are presented. The reviewed stratigraphic data for deposits filling the Ohrid, Prespa and Devolli basins show that they began to form in Late Miocene. The stratigraphic evidences from eastern Albania are confronted with the stratigraphic data from the lake basins in western North Macedonia and northwestern Greece that all show the same age of infilling. The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Eastern Albania consists of two phases of extensional deformations, the first in Middle Eocene-Late Miocene (Pannonian/Tortonian) and the second starting in Late Miocene (Pontian s. l.). The two phases are separated by a short compressive phase at the Late Miocene (end of Pannonian/Tortonian) or pre-Pontian s. l. time. In Late Miocene (Pontian) began forming the system of the Ohrid, Prespa and Devolli basins developed along the Drini fault zone. The Korça, Kolonja, Kukesi and Tropoja basins began to form since Pliocene and the Peshkopi Basin since Early Pleistocene. Finally, only the Ohrid and Prespa lakes are still active. The Late Miocene-Pleistocene basins were filled by lacustrine, lacustrine-fluvial and terrestrial sediments of the great thickness and of varied lithology: conglomerates, gravels, sandstones, sands, claystone and marls with lignite seams. Molluscs, microflora and flora, ostracods and vertebrates are found. The Lake Ohrid is a tectonically active graben formed during two main phases of deformation: (1) a trans-tensional phase which generated a pull-apart basin, and (2) an extensional phase which leads to its present geometry. All basins in Eastern Albania are situated in a basin and range-like (graben and horst) geodynamical setting. The inferred stratigraphic and tectonic evolution of Late Miocene-Quaternary basins in Eastern Albania as well as the relief formation and thermochronological data show that the Late Miocene-Quaternary period which led to the recent geological structure of Albania and its rapid relief formation, can be accepted as ‘Neotectonic period’.

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15

Naclerio, R. M., A. Kagey-Sobotka, L. M. Lichtenstein, A. G. Togias, O. Iliopoulos, U. Pipkorn, R. Bascom, P. S. Norman, and D. Proud. "Observations on Nasal Late Phase Reactions." Immunological Investigations 16, no. 8 (January 1987): 649–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08820138709087108.

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16

Kaplan, A. P., and P. Kuna. "Chemokines and the late-phase reaction." Allergy 53 (September 1998): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb04936.x.

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17

Choi, Soo Hyun, and Leonard Bielory. "Late-phase reaction in ocular allergy." Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 8, no. 5 (October 2008): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aci.0b013e32830e6b3a.

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18

CHARLESWORTH, E. "Late-phase inflammation: Influence on morbidity." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 98, no. 6 (December 1996): S291—S297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(96)70056-8.

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19

NACLERIO, R., W. HUBBARD, L. LICHTENSTEIN, A. KAGEYSOBOTKA, and D. PROUD. "Origin of late phase histamine release." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 98, no. 4 (October 1996): 721–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(96)70118-5.

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20

Charlesworth, Ernest N. "Late-phase inflammation: Influence on morbidity." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 98, no. 6 (December 1996): S291—S297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(96)80114-x.

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21

Steinberg, M., R. Page, S. Wolfson, G. Friday, and P. Fireman. "66 Food induced late phase headache." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 81, no. 1 (January 1988): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(88)90303-x.

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22

SEVERINO, SALLY K. "Defining Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder." American Journal of Psychiatry 145, no. 1 (January 1988): 132—b—133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.1.132-b.

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23

DOLOVICH, J., F. HARGREAVE, M. JORDANA, and J. DENBURG. "Late-phase airway reaction and inflammation." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 83, no. 2 (February 1989): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(89)90032-8.

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24

Kanzaki, Tamotsu, and Harumi Hori. "Late phase reaction of the skin." Journal of Dermatological Science 2, no. 3 (May 1991): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-1811(91)90139-o.

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25

Hochstrasser, Annie, Belén Rodriguez, Nicole Söll, Hugh Bostock, and Werner J. Z’Graggen. "Effect of intermittent high-frequency stimulation on muscle velocity recovery cycle recordings." Journal of Neurophysiology 126, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00213.2021.

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A conditioning impulse in human muscle fibers induces a prolonged phase of increased velocity (also called supernormality) with two phases related to an early and late afterpotential. We investigated the effects of intermittent 37-Hz stimulation on muscle fiber supernormality and found that the early and late phases of supernormality changed differently, and that the late phase may reflect the ionic interactions responsible for the counter-regulation of muscle fatigue.

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26

Phach, Phung Van, and Le Duc Anh. "Tectonic evolution of the southern part of Central Viet Nam and the adjacent area." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 9, no. 3 (October 9, 2018): 801–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2018-9-3-0372.

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Interpretations of seismic, gravity and magnetic anomalies and structural data on the coastal zone of southern part of Central Viet Nam (SCVN) and the adjacent Tertiary basins suggest several phases in the tectonic evolution of the study region since the Late Cretaceous to Quaternary. In this paper, we try to clarify the tectonic evolution of SCVN and the adjacent continental margin. The Cretaceous – Paleocene tectonic phase commenced after cessation of the West Pacific plutonic magmatic activity that produced numerous diabases and aplite dykes of mainly sub-meridian orientation. It was characterized by N–S compression and E–W extension. The geomorphology and geology ofSE Asiawere considerably changed during the Neotectonic phases caused by collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian continent. Two tectonic phases – Early and Late Neotectonic – are separated by a regional unconformity represented by a boundary surface between below strongly deformed strata (synrift) and above less deformed formations (post-rift). The Early Neotectonic phase was related to the left-lateral movement of the Red River Fault Zone (RRFZ) and includes two tectonic sub-phases: Eocene – Oligocene (NW–SE compression), and Oligocene – Miocene (E–W compression). Activity in the Oligocene-Miocene sub-phase gave birth to rift basins in the continental margin of the SCVN. The Late Neotectonic phase began since the RRFZ stopped left-lateral movement and the East Viet Nam (orSouth China) Sea stopped spreading. The Late Neotectonic phase is also divided into two tectonic sub-phases: Late Early Miocene (sub-meridian compression), and Late Miocene – Pliocene (NE–SW compression). The Late Miocene – Pliocene sub-phase is characterized by vertical movements that caused episodic uplifting of the onland terrains, and subsidence of the offshore Phu Khanh basin. Besides, Miocene – Pliocene-Quarternary basaltic eruptions were widespread all over the southern Indosinian terrain and the continental margin.

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27

Hwang, John M., Jun Yamanouchi, Pere Santamaria, and Paul Kubes. "A Critical Temporal Window for Selectin-dependent CD4+ Lymphocyte Homing and Initiation of Late-Phase Inflammation in Contact Sensitivity." Journal of Experimental Medicine 199, no. 9 (April 26, 2004): 1223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20032016.

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Contact sensitivity (CS) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by early and late phases of leukocyte recruitment. We used a noninvasive intravital microscopy technique allowing for the direct visualization of leukocyte rolling and adhesion on blood vessel endothelium. By blocking specific adhesion molecules, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms mediating early leukocyte recruitment to be E- and P-selectin and demonstrated that leukocyte recruitment in the late phase had a different adhesive profile (mainly α4-integrin). Complete blockade of E- and P-selectin within the first 2 h of leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions (but not later) eliminated selectin-independent leukocyte recruitment at 24 h. Despite the predominance of neutrophils in the early phase, specific elimination of CD4+ lymphocytes in the early phase eliminated the late response. CD4+ lymphocytes homed to skin via E- and P-selectin within the early phase and induced the late phase response. Addition of these same CD4+ lymphocytes 2 h after antigen challenge was too late for these cells to home to the skin and induce late phase responses. Our data clearly demonstrate that the antigen-challenged microenvironment is only accessible to CD4+ lymphocytes for the first 2 h, and that this process is essential for the subsequent recruitment of other leukocyte populations in late phase responses.

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28

Stewart, Donna E., Margaret Fairman, Sandra Barbadoro, Patricia Zownir, and Meir Steiner. "Follicular and late luteal phase serum fluoxetine levels in women suffering from late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Biological Psychiatry 36, no. 3 (August 1994): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(94)91226-2.

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29

Gibo, David L., and Jody A. McCurdy. "Lipid accumulation by migrating monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus L.)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-012.

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The migration of Danaus plexippus during the late summer in southern Ontario in 1986 lasted for about 8 weeks and consisted of three phases, an early phase characterized by increasing abundance, a middle phase of peak abundance, and a late phase characterized by declining abundance. As the season progressed, systematic changes were observed in wet mass, dry mass, lean dry mass, lipid mass, and forewing length. Wet mass, lean dry mass, and forewing length were similar for early- and middle-phase individuals, but declined in late-phase migrants. Lipid mass peaked in the middle phase of the migration and then declined abruptly in the late phase. Dry mass also peaked in the middle phase, reflecting changes in lipid mass and lean dry mass. We hypothesize that the observed changes in lipid mass and lean dry mass over the 8 weeks resulted from changes in population structure as well as seasonal changes in the weather, and in availability of nectar. Opposing conclusions reached in previous studies of lipid accumulation in D. plexippus are probably the result of failure to control for phase of migration.

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30

Zhang, Yongwang, and Feng Li. "Origin of multiple-phase carbonate cements in the sandstones of the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Niuzhuang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin." Interpretation 8, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): SM83—SM101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2019-0069.1.

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Authigenic carbonate cement is one of the most abundant diagenetic minerals in sandstone reservoirs. Determining its origin and distribution may provide useful information for understanding the sandstone reservoir quality. In this study, we report results from a suite of analytical techniques to investigate the origin and evolution of carbonate cements in the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin. Our data indicate that the carbonate cements mainly occur in three phases: the early-phase calcite, late-phase ferroan calcite, and late-phase ferroan dolomite and/or ankerite. The early-phase calcites show depleted δ18O of the early-phase calcite (−11.8% to −7.8%), suggesting an 18O-depleted fluid origin from the mixing between lacustrine and meteoric waters. They were precipitated earlier than the quartz overgrowth at 40°C–63°C based on the oxygen isotope. The late-phase calcites were precipitated at 70°C–115°C, and they originated from water-rock interaction modified pore water at the same time or later than feldspar leaching. They show a lower average δ13C value (1.27%) than the early-phase calcite (1.65%), indicating that the interbedded shales within the sandstones most likely provided the required components for the precipitation of the late-phase calcite. Also, some Fe2+ was released during the organic acid release and then precipitated the late-phase ferroan calcites. The late-phase ferroan dolomite and/or ankerite were precipitated at 90°C–137°C in a deep diagenetic condition. They show depleted δ13C values (mean [Formula: see text]), and the carbons were mainly sourced from the thermal decarboxylation of organic matter and lacustrine carbonate. The early-phase calcite inhibits compaction while filling the pores, and the dissolution of ferroan calcite cements was the main reason for the development of secondary pores in the sandstone reservoirs. The late-phase ankerite reduces the reservoir porosity.

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31

Fukui, Ryosuke, Masahiro Amakawa, Masaaki Hoshiga, Nobuhiko Shibata, Eiko Kohbayashi, Minoru Seto, Yasuharu Sasaki, et al. "Increased migration in late G1 phase in cultured smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 279, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): C999—C1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.4.c999.

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Migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) contribute to neointimal formation after arterial injury. However, the relation between migration and proliferation in these cells is obscure. To discriminate between migration and proliferation, we employed a migration assay of SMC at different phases of the cell cycle. Serum-deprived SMC were synchronized in different phases of the cell cycle by addition of serum for various periods of time. Migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor B-chain homodimer was maximal in SMC that were predominantly in the late G1(G1b) phase. In addition, in nonsynchronized SMC, 65–75% of SMC that had migrated were in the G1bphase. Phosphorylated myosin light chain was enriched around the cell periphery in SMC in the G1b phase compared with SMC in the other cell cycle phases. Interestingly, the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction of myosin was remarkably decreased in G1b-enriched SMC. These findings suggest that migratory activity of SMC may be coupled with the G1b phase. The phosphorylation and retention of myosin might explain some of the properties responsible for increased migration.

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32

&NA;. "Fluoxetine treats late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 962 (November 1994): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199409620-00034.

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33

Icme, Ferhat, Erkan Balkan, Sinan Becel, Alp Sener, Gulhan Celik Kurtoglu, and Akkan Avci. "Late-Phase Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Case Report." Journal of Academic Emergency Medicine Case Reports 4, no. 4 (2013): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/jaemcr.2013.03264.

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34

Chen, Jun, Rui Liu, Kai Liu, Arun Kumar Awasthi, Peijin Zhang, Yuming Wang, and Bernhard Kliem. "Extreme-ultraviolet Late Phase of Solar Flares." Astrophysical Journal 890, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6def.

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35

Benitez, Jose Carlos, Arthur Geraud, Matthieu Texier, Christophe Massard, Angelo Paci, Jean-Charles Soria, and Benjamin Besse. "Late phase 1 studies: concepts and outcomes." Lancet Oncology 22, no. 10 (October 2021): e446-e455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00467-8.

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36

Tiwari, ArunKr, DilipKr Patel, Kaveri Devi, and Ahsas Goyal. "A review on Late phase ischemic preconditioning." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, no. 5 (May 31, 2016): 578–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/396.

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37

Nie, Lei, Kyung Y. Lee, Nicole Verdun, R. Angelo De Claro, and Rajeshwari Sridhara. "Dose Finding in Late-Phase Drug Development." Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science 51, no. 6 (November 2017): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2168479017709297.

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38

&NA;. "Fluoxetine improves late luteal phase dysphoria disorder." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 805 (September 1991): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199108050-00041.

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39

HAMILTON, JEAN A., and SHERYLE J. GALLANT. "Debate on Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder." American Journal of Psychiatry 147, no. 8 (August 1990): 1106—a—1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.147.8.1106-a.

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40

Carlow, G. R., S. Yu Krylov, and M. Zinke-Allmang. "Screening effects during late stage phase separation." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 261, no. 1-2 (December 1998): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(98)00366-5.

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41

Hardy, Stuart M., S. Brett Heavner, David R. White, Chapman T. Mcqueen, Jiri Prazma, and Harold C. Pillsbury. "Late-Phase Allergy and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 125, no. 4 (October 2001): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2001.119140.

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42

Ferguson, H., and R. J. Davies. "Late phase nasal reactions — reviewed and revisited." Respiratory Medicine 85, no. 3 (May 1991): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80089-2.

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43

Pradalier, A. "Late-Phase Reaction in Asthma Basic Mechanisms." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 101, no. 3 (1993): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000236471.

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44

HARGREAVE, F. "Late-phase asthmatic responses and airway inflammation." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 83, no. 2 (February 1989): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(89)90033-x.

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45

de la Macorra, A. "Late time phase transition as dark energy." Pramana 62, no. 3 (March 2004): 779–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02705369.

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46

Lee, TH, and SP O'Hickey. "Exercise-induced asthma and late phase reactions." European Respiratory Journal 2, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.02030195.

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47

Ito, M., A. Sharma, A. S. Lee, and R. Maxson. "Cell cycle regulation of H2b histone octamer DNA-binding activity in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 2 (February 1989): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.2.869-873.1989.

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The promoter regions of H2b histone genes contain a 14-base-pair element which includes the octamer ATTTGCAT. Mutational analysis has implicated the octamer element in the cell cycle-dependent expression of H2b histone genes. In this report, we address the question of whether the DNA-binding activity of the octamer transcription factor is itself cell cycle regulated. By using a gel mobility shift assay, we measured the relative amounts of octamer-binding activity during various phases of the cell cycle in serum-synchronized Chinese hamster fibroblasts. We found that the activity increased approximately fivefold between late G1 phase and early S phase and then decreased threefold between late S phase and G2 phase. These cell cycle-dependent changes in octamer DNA-binding activity may in part account for the selective transcription of H2b histone genes in late G1 and S phases.

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48

Ito, M., A. Sharma, A. S. Lee, and R. Maxson. "Cell cycle regulation of H2b histone octamer DNA-binding activity in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 2 (February 1989): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.2.869.

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The promoter regions of H2b histone genes contain a 14-base-pair element which includes the octamer ATTTGCAT. Mutational analysis has implicated the octamer element in the cell cycle-dependent expression of H2b histone genes. In this report, we address the question of whether the DNA-binding activity of the octamer transcription factor is itself cell cycle regulated. By using a gel mobility shift assay, we measured the relative amounts of octamer-binding activity during various phases of the cell cycle in serum-synchronized Chinese hamster fibroblasts. We found that the activity increased approximately fivefold between late G1 phase and early S phase and then decreased threefold between late S phase and G2 phase. These cell cycle-dependent changes in octamer DNA-binding activity may in part account for the selective transcription of H2b histone genes in late G1 and S phases.

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49

Turaka, A., B. K. Mohanti, S. Chander, R. Jena, and S. V. Deo. "Acute and late effects of radical radiotherapy in elderly head and neck cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 16515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16515.

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16515 Background: To evaluate the difference between acute and late effects of radical radiotherapy in elderly(above 60 years,Group A) head and neck cancer patients with young patients (below 50 years of age, Group B). Methods: The study was conducted on histologically proven head and neck cancer patients receiving radical radiotherapy (RT),49 patients were in group A and 40 in group B.The acute and late radiation morbidity was assessed using RTOG (phases I,II,&III- Pre RT, During RT & 1 month post RT respectively) and LENT-SOMA scoring systems (phases IV &V-3 & 6 months post RT). Results: In phase II, grade I dermatitis was commonly seen (83.7% in group A,72.5% in group B) and grade II dermatitis was 12.2 % vs 25% of patients.The difference in distribution over age was not significant (p= 0.12 & 0.18 in phase II and III).There was no significant difference in the incidence of late effects between two groups (p=0.91 in phase IV and p=0.99 in phase V).Grade II mucositits was seen in majority of patients in both groups,71.4% vs 72.5% in phase II.The late mucosal changes with worrisome subjective (pain) experiences were observed in 69.4% vs 75% of patients in group A and B, respectively.The difference in distribution over the age was significant (p<0.051) only in phase II.Dryness of mouth was the most common acute and late sequel of RT.The acute salivary gland morbidity was mostly moderate to complete dryness (grade II),seen in phases II and III in 24.5% & 73.5% of patients but the late sequel was seen in 83.37% of patients in group A and 85% in group B and the difference in late effects in both groups was statistically significant except in phase V (p= 0.02). Moderate dysphagia of grade II morbidity was seen in 75.5% vs. 65% in phase II. Grade III dysphagia was seen only 5 patients in group A and one in group B. In phase IV,66.7% patients in group A,72.5% in group B had persistent difficulty in swallowing. Conclusions: Grade I and II mucositis and dermatitis during the course of treatment led to increased morbidity, decreased nutritional intake and pain. Xerostomia is the most common and inevitable acute and late squeal of radical radiotherapy to head and neck cancer region resulting in difficulty in mastication and swallowing. There was no difference in the occurrence of acute and late effects between younger and elderly patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Silvestri, Audrey, and Hamish M. Fraser. "Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the marmoset endometrium: changes during the ovulatory cycle, early pregnancy and after inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, GnRH or ovariectomy." Reproduction 134, no. 2 (August 2007): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0266.

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Marmosets are widely used, but detailed studies on localisation of endometrial oestrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ ), and the progesterone receptor (PR) are lacking. These receptors were localised and semi-quantitatively analysed throughout the ovulatory cycle, weeks 2, 3 and 4 of pregnancy and after treatment with GnRH antagonist, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Trap or ovariectomy. The PR in epithelial cells increased markedly between the mid- and late proliferative phases before declining in the mid-secretory phase and pregnancy. PR in stromal cells was present throughout the cycle and levels were maintained in pregnancy. ERα was present at the mid-proliferative phase and increased in glands at the late proliferative and early secretory phases, before declining at the late secretory phase and week 4 of pregnancy. Stromal ERα showed a similar trend, but decreased earlier, by the mid-secretory phase. ERβ was highly expressed in epithelial cells throughout the cycle and in pregnancy. In stroma, increases in ERβ expression were observed at the late proliferative phase with the staining index decreasing by half as the secretory phase progressed and in pregnancy. GnRH antagonist, VEGF Trap or ovariectomy caused significant reductions in PR and ERβ expression, but not in ERα when compared with the late proliferative phase of the normal cycle. Endothelial cells expressed ERβ , but not ERα or PR. It is concluded that the steroid receptor profile in the marmoset endometrium is generally similar to the human and should provide a useful model for studies on hormonal manipulation of the endometrium.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Late phase'

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