Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Late phase'
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1
Singh, Amritpal. "Blood biomarker panels of the late phase asthmatic response." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58777.
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The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.Medicine, Faculty of
Experimental Medicine, Division of
Medicine, Department of
Graduate
2
Levy, Donna Elise. "Association of Adaptive Early Phase Study Design and Late Phase Study Results in Oncology." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7029.
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This quantitative study assessed the association of the design methods used for early phase oncology studies (adaptive versus traditional) and the outcome of late stage clinical trials. Differences by cancer type and by drug classification were also assessed. The theoretical and conceptual frameworks used were the general systems theory and the design and evaluation of complex interventions, respectively. Units of analysis were individual oncology studies in the ClinicalTrials.gov database and Bayesian logistic modeling was applied on a random sample of 381 studies initiated after November 1999 to December 2016. When assessing study design and outcome, there were lower odds of a positive outcome when adaptive methods were used though this association was not statistically significant (OR [95% highest posterior density (HPD)]:0.66 [0.20, 1.21]). Among the different drug types, using adaptive compared to traditional methods was associated with significantly higher odds of a positive outcome for taxanes, OR: 2.75, 95% HPD: 1.01, 5.16) and other, OR: 3.23, 95% HPD: 1.58, 5.46) but no association among studies of monoclonal antibodies or protein kinase inhibitors. Also, there were no significant associations between early phase study design and outcome in late phase studies by cancer type (lung, breast, other). Further research should be conducted using all completed oncology clinical trials in the database to more precisely determine the relationship between adaptive study design in early phase oncology studies and outcomes in late stage studies. Social change can occur through increased uptake of adaptive design methods, which may lead to more efficacious cancer treatment options.
3
Bradshaw, Karl David. "An investigation of processes underlying late-phase long-term potentiation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395031.
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Lee, David Edward. "The regulation of late G1-phase specific transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325159.
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Taborda, Barata Luis Manuel. "Allergen-induced late-phase responses in the skin of atopic patients." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299252.
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Smith, Lance Malcolm. "An experimental investigation of the cutaneous late phase response in humans." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295707.
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Hutson, Penelope Ann. "Investigations into the mechanisms of late phase responses in guinea pig airways." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328461.
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Twentyman, Orion Peter. "Mechanisms of allergen-induced late phase asthmatic responses and increased bronchial responsiveness." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296053.
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Tabuchi, Tatsuya. "Tumor Staging of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Using Early-and Late-Phase Helical CT." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149728.
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Buck, Michael. "Modelling of the late phase of core degradation in light water reactors." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-33311.
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Pisano, Bonnie S. "Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder symptoms (PMS) among women presenting for counseling services." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720149.
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Changes in mood, behavior, and physiology, beginning in the post-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle and ending with the onset of menstruation, have been called premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, and have been the focus of much investigation. Research to date has demonstrated greater emotional arousal and distress experienced by women during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This study collected descriptive profiles of current mood states, physiological symptoms, and menstrual cycle information from 62 women on the day on which they presented to a university counseling center for psychological services. It was hypothesized that a larger proportion of individuals would present on a walk-in basis for intake during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested with Chi-Square analysis of differences in frequency of subjects in each of the two phase groups. The second hypothesis was that individuals in the luteal phase would display higher levels of mood disturbance (as measured by the Profile of Mood States and the Beck Depression Inventory) and somatic symptomatology (as measured by the Menstrual Cycle Symptom Scale),than individuals in the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested using multiple regression analysis, using affective and somatic variables as predictors of cycle day. Post hoc analyses for differences between menstrual phase groups on the affective variables were performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).The results of this study indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle phase and self-presentation for counseling services. They also indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle day and either subjective distress or somatic symptomatology. Finally, with minor exceptions, no differences were found between menstrual cycle phase groups in their self-perceived distress or emotional states.Discrepancies between the results of this study and previous research were discussed. In particular, methodological differences (e.g., use of state vs trait measures of mood variables) highlight the poor design and generalizability of previous research. Suggestions for future studies were presented as well as limiting factors in this study. These include the need for a larger number of participants and the use of hematologic cross-checks to more precisely determine cycle phase. Investigations into the way in which menstrual cycle affects mood are warranted.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
12
Maple, Amanda, Rachel E. Lackie, Diana I. Elizalde, Stephanie L. Grella, Chelsey C. Damphousse, Collin Xa, Amelia L. Gallitano, and Diano F. Marrone. "Attenuated Late-Phase Arc Transcription in the Dentate Gyrus of Mice Lacking Egr3." HINDAWI LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624647.
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The dentate gyrus (DG) engages in sustained Arc transcription for at least 8 hours following behavioral induction, and this time course may be functionally coupled to the unique role of the DG in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. The factors that regulate long-term DG Arc expression, however, remain poorly understood. Animals lacking Egr(3) show less Arc expression following convulsive stimulation, but the effect of Egr3 ablation on behaviorally induced Arc remains unknown. To address this, Egr3(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice explored novel spatial environments and were sacrificed either immediately or after 5, 60, 240, or 480 minutes, and Arc expression was quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Although short-term (i.e., within 60 min) Arc expression was equivalent across genotypes, DG Arc expression was selectively reduced at 240 and 480 minutes in mice lacking Egr3. These data demonstrate the involvement of Egr3 in regulating the late protein-dependent phase of Arc expression in the DG.
13
Berre, Stefano. "Characterization of the late phase of the HIV-1 life cycle in primary macrophages." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T002.
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Les macrophages et les lymphocytes T sont les deux cibles cellulaires du VIH-1 in vivo. Les macrophages sont des cellules à vie longue, résistantes à l'effet cytopathique du VIH-1. Les macrophages sont présents dans de nombreux tissus où ils semblent être relativement résistants aux médicaments antiviraux. Le cycle viral se déroule plus lentement dans les macrophages que dans les lymphocytes T et abouti à l’accumulation de stocks intracellulaires de virions. L'infection des macrophages est considérée comme un élément important pour le développement de la pathogenèse associée à l’infection par le VIH-1 et pour la mise en place d'un réservoir viral. Dans les macrophages les particules virales s’assemblent dans des compartiments intracellulaires méconnus appelés Virus Containing Compartments (VCCs). Pendant mon doctorat, j'ai caractérisé les phases tardives du cycle viral du VIH-1 dans les macrophages infectés. J'ai montré que le scavenger receptor CD36 est un composant des VCCs nécessaire à la réplication du VIH-1 dans les macrophages. Des compartiments avec des caractéristiques similaires à celles des VCCs et contenants CD36+ sont présents à la fois dans les macrophages infectés et non-infectés. En outre, j'ai montré que le VIH-1 pouvait directement bourgeonner dans des compartiments préexistants CD36+. L'exposition des macrophages infectés par le VIH-1 à des anticorps spécifiques de CD36 provoque l’accumulation intracellulaire de particules virales au niveau des VCCs. L’effet antiviral de l’anticorps anti-CD36 apparait très spécifique, puissant, rapide et durable. De façon intéressante, les anticorps anti-CD36 provoquent une diminution frappante à la fois de la libération virale et de la transmission du VIH à partir des macrophages infectés aux cellules T. Par ailleurs, étant donné que l’incorporation de la protéine Env dans les particules virales est essentielle pour l'infectivité du virus, je me suis intéressé au transport de la protéine Env dans les macrophages primaires. Mes résultats suggèrent que l'interaction entre Gag et la queue cytoplasmique de la Gp41 est importante pour le transport de la protéine Env vers les VCCs et pour la formation de virus infectieux. Ce travail introduit de nouveaux concepts sur l’assemblage du VIH-1 dans les macrophages et suggère un rôle important pour les VCCs dans le cycle de vie du VIH. Nos résultats pourraient être d'intérêt pour le développement de nouvelles stratégies antiviralesMacrophages and T cells are the two cellular targets of HIV-1 in vivo. Macrophages are long-lived cells resistant to the cytopathic effect of HIV-1, and are present in many tissues where they appear to be relatively resistant to antiviral drugs. This is in sharp contrast to HIV-1-infected T cells that rapidly produce new virions before dying. Infection of macrophages is considered an important feature for the development of HIV-1-associated pathogenesis and for the establishment of a viral reservoir. In macrophages, the virus is assembled and accumulated into poorly characterized intracellular compartments called Virus-Containing Compartments (VCCs). During my PhD, I characterized the late phase of the HIV-1 life cycle in infected macrophages. I describe the Scavenger Receptor CD36 as a new component of the VCC required for HIV-1 replication in macrophages. VCC-like CD36+ compartments were observed in both HIV-1-infected and uninfected macrophages. Furthermore, I show that, in some cases, HIV-1 could directly bud into pre-existing CD36+ compartments. Exposure of HIV-1-infected macrophages to CD36-specific antibodies caused the intracellular retention of viral particles within VCCs. The effect of the anti-CD36 antibody was highly specific, potent, rapid and long lasting and, caused a striking reduction both of viral release and of HIV-transmission from macrophages to T cells. In addition, since the incorporation of the Envelope protein (Env) into viral particles is crucial for virus infectivity, I investigated the Env trafficking in primary macrophages. My results suggest that the interaction between Gag and the Gp41 cytoplasmic tail is critical for Env localization to the VCC and for the formation of infectious virions. This work introduces new concepts in the field of HIV-1 assembly in macrophages and suggests an important role for VCC in the HIV life cycle. Our results also unravel novel targets for the development of new antiviral strategies
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Geng, Wei, and 耿瑋. "The role of interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP10) in early-phase graft injury induced late-phase cisplatin resistance after livertransplantation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50162731.
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Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most fatal diseases worldwide. Liver transplantation dramatically improved the survival rate of HCC patients. However, tumor recurrence remains a huge threat to HCC patients without any promising curative treatment. Chemotherapy, as one of the potential treatments to recurrent HCC, did not show any significant effect either.
Objective:
We aim to investigate the role of interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP10) in acute-phase liver graft injury induced late-phase cisplatin resistance after liver transplantation and to explore the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, a potential adjuvant therapy was expected to be identified to sensitize cisplatin treatment in HCC.
Materials and methods:
A rat orthotopic liver transplantation model was established with applying whole or small-for-size (50%) graft. Afterwards, a rat hepatoma cell (MH7777) was injected via portal vein to generate recurrent tumor. The expressions of genes linked to multi-drug resistance and graft injury were compared between tumors developed after liver transplantation using small and whole grafts. IP10 expression was further validated in clinical samples from two cohorts of patients including HCC patients with hepatectomy and HCC patients with liver transplantation. The extracellular and intracellular roles of IP10 were examined in vitro by using IP10 recombinant protein and IP10 stable transfectants in HCC cell lines. The correlation between IP10 expression and tumor growth was investigated in three in vivo nude mice models including a subcutaneous model, an orthotopic model and ischemia reperfusion injury model. The underlying mechanism was further explored in vitro, in vivo and in clinical samples. IP10 neutralizing antibody was employed as an adjuvant therapy to identify its effect on sensitizing cisplatin treatment in HCC.
Results:
The expressions of multidrug resistant genes were significantly up-regulated in liver and tumor from small-for-size group in rat liver transplantation model. IP10 was selected as the potential target for its constantly higher expression in liver and tumor tissues in small-for-size group. In clinical studies, IP10 was overexpressed in around 45% HCC patients with hepatectomy. The expression of circulating IP10 well correlated with tumor recurrence and small graft ratio in HCC patients after liver transplantation. In in vitro studies, it was demonstrated that overexpression of IP10 could significantly promote HCC cell proliferation either in short term or in long term cisplatin administration. In in vivo studies, subcutaneous and orthotopic nude mice models showed that the overexpression of IP10 have significant correlations with larger tumor volume and less tumor necrosis after cisplatin treatment. In mechanism studies, IP10 overexpression was found to be well correlated with the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways in vitro and further validated in vivo models and in clinical specimens. IP10 neutralizing antibody was identified as a potential therapy which could sensitize cisplatin treatment in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions:
The high expression of IP10 was identified in two cohorts of clinical samples and showed significant correlations with tumor recurrence. Graft injury induced IP10 overexpression could significantly increase cisplatin resistance after liver transplantation via ER stress signaling pathways. IP10 neutralizing antibody may be applied as an alternative treatment for recurrent HCC after liver transplantation.published_or_final_version
Surgery
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
15
Lavinskienė, Simona. "Peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil activity during allergen-induced late-phase airway inflammation in asthma." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2015. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20150106_083713-90371.
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There is no doubt that eosinophils and neutrophils are important cells participating in asthma pathogenesis. The most prominent feature reflecting asthma pathogenesis is late-phase airway inflammation, which occurs a few hours after allergen inhalation. The worldwide published studies on asthma show that most attention is paid to individual, not complex, functions of neutrophils and eosinophils in the airways. Moreover, associations between peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil activity and infiltration of these cells in the airways during asthma have not been com¬pletely elucidated yet. There are no data about peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil activity during allergen-induced late-phase airway inflam¬mation in asthma patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil functional activity during allergen-induced late-phase airway inflammation in asthma. We found that an inhaled allergen activates peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, generation of reactive oxygen species and also reduces apoptosis during late-phase airway inflammation in asthma. Furthermore, altered peripheral blood neutrophil and eosinophil functional activity is related with airway neutrophilia and eosinophilia. Our findings provide new evidence about neutrophil and eosinophil functional activity during allergen-induced late-phase airway inflammation in asthma patients.Mokslininkai neabejoja, jog eozinofilai ir neutrofilai yra vienos svarbiausių ląstelių, dalyvaujančių astmos patogenezėje, kurią labiausiai atspindi vėlyva kvėpavimo takų uždegimo fazė, išsivystanti praėjus kelioms valandoms po alergeno įkvėpimo. Pasaulinėje literatūroje publikuojami darbai, nagrinėja atskirus kvė¬pavimo takų neutrofilų ir eozinofilų aktyvumo pokyčius. Ypač mažai darbų apie periferinio kraujo neutrofilų ir eozinofilų funkcijas bei jų ryšį su šių ląstelių pagausėjimu kvėpavimo takuose, sergant astma. Taip pat nėra tyrimų, vertinančių periferinio kraujo uždegimo ląstelių (neutrofilų ir eozi¬nofilų) funkcijų alergeno sukeltos vėlyvos fazės kvėpavimo takų uždegimo metu. Todėl šio tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti periferinio kraujo neutrofilų ir eozinofilų funkcinį aktyvumą alergeno sukeltos vėlyvos fazės kvėpavimo takų uždegimo metu sergant astma. Tyrimo metu nustatėme, kad įkvėptas alergenas aktyvina periferinio kraujo neutrofilų ir eozinofilų funkcijas - chemotaksį, fagocitozę, reaktyvių deguonies formų susidarymą, degranuliaciją bei silpnina apoptozę vėlyvos fazės kvėpavimo takų uždegimo metu. O šių ląstelių aktyvumo pokyčiai yra susiję su kvėpavimo takų neutrofilija ir eozinofilija. Moksliniame darbe pateikiami rezultatai suteikia naujų duomenų apie sergančiųjų alergine astma periferinio kraujo neutrofilų ir eozinofilų funkcinių savybių ypatumus ir parodo jų pokyčius alergeno sukeltos vėlyvos fazes kvėpavimo takų uždegimo metu.
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Hitsiou, Elissavet. "Production and circulation of the late Neolithic pottery from Makrygialos (phase II), Macedonia, Northern Greece." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12788/.
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This thesis investigates the production technology and inter-site circulation of a large and diverse Late Neolithic ceramic assemblage from the newly excavated, flatextended settlement of Makrygialos, in Pieria, northern Greece. It argues for the use of macroscopic and petrographic analysis of a large number of samples from Makrygialos (Phase II) in a fully integrated project. Also incorporated are comparative samples from the contemporary settlements of Dimini, in Thessaly, and Agrosykia A and Giannitsa B, in western Macedonia. A large body of new evidence is presented, which sheds light on the manipulation of raw materials by ancient potters through detailed study of the production technology of distinct categories of pottery, for a better understanding of the role of technological choice in production. Locally produced and imported ceramic categories are found to co-exist. These may signify manufacture by different groups or individuals with varying degrees of technological knowledge and skill, possibly produced in different places, or distinct ceramic traditions. More importantly, petrographic analysis provides positive evidence of the long-distance movement of pots, contradicting previously established ideas on the circulation of pottery for this period. Such evidence illustrates a high level of complexity in the societal organisation of the studied communities that has until recently been largely underestimated. The emerging picture strongly supports the idea of a dynamic Neolithic society characterised by mobility and interaction between people, as revealed through their material culture.
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Kudlas, Jane Michele. "Low-fat diet vs. education support in the treatment of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39719.
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A treatment outcome study was conducted comparing a low-fat diet intervention with an education-support group and a waiting-list control group in the treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) or Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD). Subjects met provisional diagnostic criteria for LLPDD and symptoms were monitored prospectively. A low-fat diet was hypothesized too be an effective intervention for reducing the severity of both physical and emotional symptoms in women suffering from LLPDD. This was based on the theory relating raised estrogen levels to premenstrual distress, and research suggesting low-fat diets reduce estrogen levels.
The hypothesis that a low-fat diet would decrease premenstrual suffering was not supported by the results of this study. However, there appeared to be an advantage to participating in a group which provided support and information on LLPDD compared to receiving no treatment. Implications for future research, treatment recommendations, and methodological issues are discussed.Ph. D.
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Buck, Michael [Verfasser]. "Modelling of the late phase of core degradation in light water reactors / vorgelegt von Michael Buck." Stuttgart : IKE, 2007. http://d-nb.info/997050047/34.
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Nur, Sabrina Ahmad Azmi. "Studies on an effector NLP1 expressed during the late phase of plant infection by Colletotrichum orbiculare." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/233850.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21311号
農博第2296号
新制||農||1064(附属図書館)
学位論文||H30||N5145(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 髙野 義孝, 教授 田中 千尋, 教授 寺内 良平
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Havens, Courtney Guiheen. "Regulation of late G1/S phase transition and the anaphase promoting complex-Cdh1 by reactive oxygen species /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF formate. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3236627.
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Junnarkar, S. P. "Study of the effect of Bucillamine on the early and late phase of hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19989/.
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Ischaemia of the liver followed by reperfusion results in endothelial and parenchymal injury through a complex cascade of events. This often occurs in human liver transplantation as well as with major liver resections and is referred to as Ischaemia Reperfusion (IR) Injury. Bucillamine is a low molecular weight thiol antioxidant that is capable of rapidly entering cells. This thesis evaluates the effect of Bucillamine on both the early and late phases of liver warm IR injury with the hypothesis that beneficial effects are induced could be due to its action as a free radical scavenger. The drug was evaluated in an in vivo lobar liver ischemia reperfusion model as previously described. Male Sprague –Dawley rats were subjected to 45 mins of partial hepatic (70 %) ischaemia followed by 3 hrs of reperfusion to investigate the early phase of hepatic IR and 24 hrs of reperfusion to study the late phase of hepatic IR. Changes to the microcirculation, leucocyte adherence and apoptosis were assessed by intra-vital microscopy. Hepatocellular injury was assessed by standard liver function tests. Expression of pro and antiapoptotic gene expression was studied by RT-PCR. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring plasma and hepatic F2 isoprostane levels and tissue glutathione levels. Cytokine response was assessed by measuring serum CINC-1 levels. Bucillamine improved liver sinusoidal perfusion, reduced leukocyte adherence and apoptosis in both the early and late phases of IR injury. Hepatocellular injury was reduced. There was no difference in the level of tissue glutathione or tissue and plasma F2 isoprostane levels. This study shows that the hepato protective effect of Bucillamine in warm Liver ischemia reperfusion injury is not by direct replenishment of Glutathione level; however, it is through decreased neutrophil activation and recruitment. A clinical trial could hence be undertaken in the future to study its efficacy.
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Jackson, Wesley Albertus. "Late Woodland Ceramic Decorative Styles in the Lewis Phase of the Lower Ohio Valley: An Investigation of Social Connectedness." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1358.
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This research focuses on the nature and extent of social relationships between two Late Woodland Lewis phase villages, ca. A.D. 650 to 900, in southern Illinois and western Kentucky. These villages are the Cypress Citadel site in Johnson County, Illinois (111JS76), and the McGilligan Creek site in Livingston County, Kentucky (19LV197). Relationships between the two communities are examined through a detailed comparison of their ceramic assemblages, especially the decorated pottery. Chi square and Cramer's V statistics are used along with the social interaction and information exchange theories to determine the most likely to association between the sites. The results suggest a distancing of the social relations between these sites over their 250-year occupations. With a lack of firm temporal data, however, these conclusions are only a best-fit model. Other significant similarities and differences are noted which provide clues for future avenues of study.
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Maggard, Greg J. "Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene Occupations of the North Coast Of Perú." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113377.
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On Perú’s North Coast, the earliest documented lithic traditions are collectively known as the El Palto Phase (~14,200-9600cal BP). This phase, which spans the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene, contains evidence for several contemporary or overlapping traditions, including early unifacial assemblages, and the Fishtail and Paiján complexes. Recent study of El Palto phasesites in the lower Jequetepeque Valley focused on evaluating the relationships between these assemblages and the populations who manufactured them. The results of this study indicate a greater degree of intratype diversity among point types than previously recognized and call into question the descendant relationships between Fishtail and Paiján. The results from several long-term regional studies are combined with these analyses to provide new insight regarding early settlement and technological change in this region of the Central Andes.En la costa norte del Perú, las tradiciones líticas más tempranas documentadas se conocen, en conjunto, como la fase El Palto (~14.200-9600 cal AP). Esta fase, que abarca desde el Pleistoceno Final hasta el Holoceno Temprano, contiene evidencias de varias tradiciones contemporáneas o que coinciden parcialmente en el tiempo, lo que incluye conjuntos unifaciales tempranos y los complejos Cola de Pescado y Paiján. Un reciente estudio de los sitios de la fase El Palto en el valle bajo de Jequetepeque se enfocó enla evaluación de los vínculos entre estos conjuntos y las poblaciones que los produjeron. Los resultados obtenidos indican un grado mayor de diversidad tipológica entre los tipos de puntas que lo que previamente se había reconocido y cuestionan las relaciones tecnológicas entre las tradiciones líticas Paiján y Cola de Pescado. Asimismo, los resultados de varios estudios regionales de largoplazo se combinan con estos análisis con el objeto de proporcionar una nueva comprensión acerca del asentamiento temprano y el cambio tecnológico en esta región de los Andes Centrales.
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Widrow, Robert Jon. "Chromosome fragile sites and very late DNA replication : implications for cytogenetics and the human cell cycle /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5096.
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Strauss, Laetitia. "Effects of chronic methamphetamine exposure during early or late phase development in normal and social isolation reared rats / Laetitia Strauss." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9211.
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Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is a fast growing drug problem, and is the second most widely abused drug world-wide. MA abuse has been linked to the development of symptoms indistinguishable from schizophrenia, referred to as MA psychosis. MA abusing individuals, who most often comprise adolescents and young adults, are 11 times more likely than the general population to develop psychosis. Of further concern is that in utero exposure to MA is also a growing problem, with more women addicts choosing MA as their primary drug. This has significant implications for the neurodevelopment of the child, with subsequent behavioural deficits later in life. Epidemiological studies suggests that in utero or early life MA exposure places a vulnerable individual at greater risk for developing schizophrenia, although this has never been formerly studied either at clinical or pre-clinical level. Animal models of early life adversity, such as post-weaning social isolation rearing (SIR), can assist in understanding the underlying mechanisms in MA abuse and vulnerability to develop MA psychosis.
The aim of the current study was to investigate the long term effects of either prenatal (in utero) or early postnatal administration of MA on the development of schizophrenia-like behavioural and neurochemical abnormalities later in life.
In the in utero study, pregnant female Wistar rats received either saline (Sal) or MA 5 mg/kg/day for 16 days by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection , starting on prenatal day 13 (PreND-13) up to postnatal day 2 (PostND02). Male offspring were selected for the study. On PostND 21, the animals were weaned and reared under group or isolation reared conditions for 8 weeks. In the early postnatal study, adult male Wistar rats were divided into group reared and SIR conditions from PostND21. Either group received an escalating dose of MA twice a day (0.2 mg/kg – 6 mg/kg s.c.) or Sal for 16 days, from PostND35 to PostND50. Both in utero and early postnatal groups were then subjected to various behavioural tests on PostND78, including assessment of social interaction (SI) and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle. Following behavioural testing, rats were sacrificed and brains snap frozen for later analysis of cortico-striatal monoamine concentrations, superoxide dismutase activity and lipid peroxidation.
In the prenatally exposed group no differences in %PPI was observed, although group reared animals receiving MA and SIR animals receiving Sal or MA showed a decrease in social interactive behaviours, including approaching, time together and anogenital sniffing. SIR animals receiving Sal or MA also showed a decrease in rearing. Regarding self-directed behaviours, group reared animals receiving MA and SIR animals receiving Sal or MA showed an increase in self-grooming. Although some disturbances in regional brain monoamines were observed in the frontal cortex and striatum across the groups, this did not reach significance. A significant increase in malondialdehyde was observed in the striatum in group reared animals receiving MA as well as SIR animals receiving Sal or MA, indicating cell damage, possibly of redox origin.
In the early postnatal study, %PPI was significantly reduced in group reared animals receiving MA as well as in SIR animals receiving Sal or MA. Group reared animals receiving MA and SIR animals receiving Sal or MA showed a decrease in social interactive behaviours, including rearing, approaching, time together and anogenital sniffing. Regarding self-directed behaviours and locomotor activity, self-grooming and squares crossed was significantly increased in group reared animals receiving MA and SIR animals receiving Sal or MA. A significant increase in DA was evident in the frontal cortex of SIR and grouped housed animals receiving MA. DA in the MA + SIR combination was elevated but not significantly so. None of the treatments affected striatal monoamine levels. In the group reared animals receiving MA as well as the SIR animals receiving Sal or MA, a significant decrease in SOD activity was observed in the frontal cortex, indicating the presence of oxidative stress in this brain region. None of the parameters indicated an additive effect in MA + SIR treated animals.
In conclusion, prenatal exposure to MA led to some evidence of late-life behavioural and neurochemical abnormalities akin to schizophrenia, confirming its penchant for psychotogenic effects. However, chronic postnatal MA exposure was more emphatic, being as effective as SIR, a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, in inducing deficits in the above-mentioned behavioural and neurochemical parameters. Thus, early adolescent abuse of MA is a significant risk factor for the later development of schizophrenia or psychosis. However, the risk appeared not to be exacerbated in a population at risk, i.e. in SIR animals.Thesis (MSc (Pharmacology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Friedrichsen, Maria. "Crossing the border : Different ways cancer patients, family members and physicians experience information in the transition to the late palliative phase." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5231.
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Pérez, Sastre Alejandra María [Verfasser]. "Molecular mechanisms of thrombin-induced early and late-phase of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells / Alejandra Pérez Sastre." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1023400472/34.
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Fukushima, Toru. "Genetic analysis of the DNA-dependent protein kinase reveals an inhibitory role of Ku in late S-G2 phase DNA double-strand break repair." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149719.
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Pareja, de Felipa Rossina. "The association between breastfeeding during late pregnancy and the occurrence of small for gestational age and prolonged active phase of labor among Peruvian women." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Bajoriūnienė, Ieva. "17-o tipo T limfocitų pagalbininkų vaidmuo sergant alergine astma." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140904_150025-10728.
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Astma yra lėtinė kvėpavimo takų uždegimo liga. Mokslininkai neabejoja, jog 2-o tipo T limfocitai pagalbininkai bei eozinofilinis kvėpavimo takų uždegimas yra astmos patogenezės pagrindas. Tačiau šis mechanizmas ne visuomet gali paaiškinti astmos metu esančio kvėpavimo takų uždegimo bei klinikinių simptomų įvairumą, eigos ypatumus ir net skirtingą atsaką į gydymą. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai su gyvūnais parodė 17-o tipo T limfocitų pagalbininkų (Th17) svarbą alerginės astmos vystymuisi. Todėl šio mokslinio tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti Th17 limfocitų vaidmenį sergant alergine astma. Tyrimo metu sergantiesiems alergine astma nustatytas didesnis Th17 limfocitų kiekis periferiniame kraujyje bei didesnė interleukino (IL)-17 koncentracija serume ir indukuotuose skrepliuose, lyginant su sveikais asmenimis. Be to, bronchų provokacija su Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus alergenu sukėlė Th17 limfocitų ir IL-17 kiekio padidėjimą praėjus 7 ir 24 val.po jos, ypatingai ryškų sergantiems alergine astma su ankstyva ir vėlyva bronchų obstrukcija. Atlikto tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus alergenas sukelia vietinį ir sisteminį Th17 limfocitų imuninį atsaką kuris yra susiję su vėlyvos fazės kvėpavimo takų uždegimu.Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways associated with the response of predominant type 2 helper T lymphocytes to an inhaled allergen. However, differences in inflammation and clinical symptoms of this disease not always can be explained by this mechanism. Recent animal model studies have shown the importance of type 17 helper T lymphocytes (Th17) in the development of allergic asthma. The role of these cells in causing allergen-induced airway inflammation as well as systemic inflammatory response in human is still not well defined. Therefore, we investigated the peripheral blood Th17 lymphocyte response to inhaled Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinu) allergen in patients with allergic asthma. The present study has shown that patients with allergic asthma have a higher percentage of peripheral blood Th17 lymphocytes and elevated serum as well as induced sputum interleukin-17 levels compared with healthy subjects. Moreover, all studied allergic asthma patients, especially with early- and late-phase asthmatic reaction, showed an enhanced airway and systemic Th17 lymphocyte response 7 h and 24 h after bronchial challenge. We documented an enhanced local and systemic Th17 lymphocyte response to inhaled D. pteronyssinus in association with late-phase allergen-induced airway inflammation in patients with allergic asthma.
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Steytler, Johannes Petrus Du Plessis. "Mentorskap in die maatskaplike funksionering van die seun in sy laat-middelkinderjare / J.P.DP Steytler." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1848.
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The boy in his late middle childhood faces enormous changes — physically, socially and
mentally. World-wide, people experience challenges - politically and economically as well as regarding social structures such as families. Children are not excluded from these challenges. Family structures change over time and fathers are increasingly becoming absent in the lives of their children. This Master's dissertation provides information concerning three major aspects regarding the boy. The first, as described in Article 1, is
the effect of the absent father on the boy in his late middle childhood and that of the alternative father figure, the mentor. The second major aspect, as described in Article 2, is the influence of family ordinance on the boy in his transition phase from middle childhood into adolescence, his experience of the biological father and his expectancies regarding a mentor relationship
The third major aspect is the adolescent boy's experience of his biological father, the influence of an alternative father figure, namely the mentor, and the affect of the mentor relationship.Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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Freitag, Eckehard [Verfasser], and Hilmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Bading. "Micro-Electrode-Array recordings : a tool to study calcium signaling pathways involved in neuronal network plasticity and late phase long-term potentiation / Eckehard Freitag ; Betreuer: Hilmar Bading." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1179229886/34.
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Tapuria, N. "Study of the effect of Remote Ischaemic Preconditioning (RIPC) on the early and late phase of hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury and the role of haemoxygenase in RIPC." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19898/.
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Reperfusion following ischaemia results in endothelial and parenchymal injury through a complex cascade of events. This often occurs in human liver transplantation as well as with major liver resections and is referred to as Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI). Ischaemic Preconditioning (IPC) is an adaptive response in which tolerance to prolonged ischaemia is induced in a target organ by prior brief periods of ischaemia. Benefits of IPC have been demonstrated in experimental models and in preliminary human clinical trials. In remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) brief ischaemia involves a remote organ. RIPC has been demonstrated to reduce warm liver I/R injury in an experimental model by our research group and clinical evaluation is ongoing. The effect of RIPC on the late phase of I/R and its mechanism have not been investigated. This thesis evaluates the effect of RIPC on both the early and late phases of liver warm I/R injury with the hypothesis that beneficial effects are induced by haemoxygenase- 1(HO-1), a free radical scavenger which is involved in degradation of haem and production of the vasodilator CO. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 45 mins of partial hepatic (70 %) ischaemia followed by 3 hrs of reperfusion to investigate the early phase of hepatic IR and 24 hrs of reperfusion to study the late phase of hepatic IR. RIPC was performed with four cycles of 5 min ischaemia and 5 min reperfusion of the right hind limb before sustained ischaemia. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and Zinc Protoporrphyrrin (ZnPP) were administered to induce and block haem oxygenase synthesis. Changes to the microcirculation, leucocyte adherence and apoptosis were assessed by intra-vital microscopy. Hepatocellular injury was assessed by standard liver function tests. HO-1 protein was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and measured by Western blot. RIPC improved liver sinusoid perfusion, reduced leucocyte adherence and apoptosis in both the early and late phases of IRI. Hepatocellular injury was reduced. RIPC increased HO-1 production in the liver, particularly in hepatic macrophages, as demonstrated by IHC. PDTC treatment (HO-1 inducer) reproduced the protective effect of RIPC whereas HO-1 inhibition with ZnPP abolished the protective effect. The response to HO-1 induction and inhibition indicate that HO-1 has a key role in the protective effect of RIPC. Establishing the inducing agent for HO-1 may lead to new pharmacological approaches to preconditioning and the protection of the liver from IR injury. Studies on RIPC and liver warm I/R using HO-1 knockout mice would clarify the pathways involved in RIPC.
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Kachani, Adriana Trejger. "Comparação da composição alimentar e do consumo alcoólico entre a fase folicular e a fase lútea tardia de mulheres dependentes de álcool." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-15062009-124041/.
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A fase lútea tardia (FLT) é citada pela literatura como crítica para exacerbação de todos os transtornos psiquiátricos, o que pode significar maior consumo alcoólico por indivíduos dependentes e risco de recaídas para aqueles abstinentes. Paralelamente, é freqüente o relato clínico de aumento do consumo alimentar nesta fase. Conter a compulsividade e impulsividade alimentar é um dos inúmeros aspectos da atuação nutricional na recuperação de mulheres dependentes de álcool, uma vez que a eutrofia destas pacientes é importante para suas condições clínicas e psicológicas e, conseqüentemente, prevenir recaídas. Desta forma, conhecer a influência do ciclo menstrual feminino no consumo alimentar e alcoólico de mulheres em tratamento torna-se importante. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a composição alimentar e o consumo alcoólico entre a fase folicular (FF) e a FLT de mulheres dependentes de álcool. METODOLOGIA: estudadas 30 mulheres alcoolistas em tratamento no Programa de Atenção à Mulher Dependente Química (PROMUD) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP. Todas elas preencheram diários alimentares (que continham consumo alcoólico) durante dois meses. Foram aplicados também questionários relativos a dados sócio-demográficos, comportamento alimentar e comorbidades psiquiátricas. Os diários foram avaliados pelo Programa Virtual Nutri versão 1.0. RESULTADOS: A correlação do consumo energético (p=0,688), lipídico (0,500) e alcoólico (p= 0,673) entre a FF e FLT foi positivo. Foi possível dividir a amostra em dois clusters, onde constatou-se diferença significativa no consumo energético e de carboidratos entre os dois grupos, que possuíam tempo de tratamento e Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) diferentes, mas não estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÕES: Não parece existir diferença de consumo alimentar ou alcoólico em mulheres alcoolistas entre a FF e FLT. Se dividirmos a amostra em subgrupos, aquelas com mais tempo de tratamento IMC mais elevado tendem a ingerir mais álcool e não relatar corretamente seu consumo alimentar e alcoólicoThe late luteal phase (LLF) of the menstrual cycle is often associated with exacerbation of psychiatric disorders. Increased food intake due to mechanism not yet established can be seen during LLF. A key component of nutritional intervention for the treatment of alcoholic women is to approach the so-called binge and impulsive eating behaviors. It is thus necessary to know the impact of the menstrual cycle on food and alcohol intake of women in alcohol dependence treatment. OBJECTIVES: To compare food composition and alcohol consumption between follicular phase (FP) and LLF in alcohol dependent women. METHODS: Thirty alcoholic women in treatment at the Women Drug Dependent Treatment Center (PROMUD) at Clínicas Hospital Psychiatry Institute of Universidade de São Paulo Medical School completed food diaries (including alcohol consumption) for two months. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, eating behaviors and psychiatric comorbidities were also collected using specific questionnaires. Food diaries were assessed using Virtual Nutri Program version 1.0. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference of energy and alcohol consumption, as well as macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), between FP and LLF. But when the study sample was divided into two groups according to nutritional variables, a significant difference was evidenced in energy and carbohydrate intake. Length of treatment and body mass index (BMI) differed in both subgroups but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: There does not seem to be a difference in food or alcohol consumption in alcoholic women between FP and LLF. The two subgroups studied showed that longer treatment and higher BMI are associated with higher alcohol consumption and misreporting of food and alcohol intake
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Alizadeh, Shahab [Verfasser], and Mattes Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer]. "Comparing selected kinematic parameters of the late swing phase during a sprint, isokinetic strength, and flexibility in male soccer players with and without anterior pelvic tilt / Shahab Alizadeh ; Betreuer: Mattes Klaus." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1183262361/34.
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Santos, Andréia Carvalho dos. "Diagnóstico sorológico da leptospirose: benefício de amostra aguda tardia na confirmação de casos." Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2011. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/7184.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A confirmação da leptospirose utilizando o Teste de Aglutinação Microscópica (MAT) requer amostras da fase aguda e convalescente para identificar soroconversão ou aumento de quatro vezes nos títulos. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) recomenda que a coleta da amostra convalescente seja realizada ≥14 dias após a coleta da amostra aguda. No entanto, a dificuldade na coleta de amostras convalescentes impede a confirmação dos casos e é uma das principais causas para sub-notificação da leptospirose. Este estudo investigou a viabilidade da coleta de uma amostra de soro aguda tardia de casos internados com leptospirose e avaliou se a análise sorológica desta amostra pode melhorar a eficiência do protocolo de confirmação diagnóstica de leptospirose. De 2003 a 2009, uma vigilância hospitalar ativa em Salvador-Brasil, identificou prospectivamente pacientes hospitalizados com suspeita clínica da leptospirose. Três amostras de sangue foram coletadas para cada caso: uma amostra aguda precoce, uma amostra aguda tardia e uma amostra convalescente, coletadas respectivamente nas primeiras 24 horas após hospitalização, e 4 e ≥14 dias depois da coleta da primeira amostra. Os pacientes identificados tiveram o diagnóstico de leptospirose confirmado por soroconversão, aumento de quatro vezes de títulos, ou título único ≥1:800 no MAT. O desempenho diagnóstico do MAT e do ELISA IgM na avaliação combinada das amostras aguda precoce e aguda tardia foi comparado ao desempenho da avaliação das amostras aguda precoce e convalescente que segue a recomendação de testagem da OMS. Nós confirmamos 643 (68%) dos 938 casos suspeitos. A coleta de amostra convalescente foi possível para 63% dos pacientes confirmados, e 55% dos pacientes suspeitos. Em contraste, a amostra da fase aguda tardia foi coletada para 77% e 66% dos pacientes confirmados e suspeitos, respectivamente. Para os 302 casos confirmados que tiveram as três amostras de soro coletadas, a sensibilidade do MAT e do IgM-ELISA na análise das amostras aguda precoce e tardia foi de 97% (IC95%, 94-99%) e 96% (93-98%), respectivamente, em comparação aos resultados da análise das amostras aguda precoce e convalescente. Em contraste, considerando apenas as amostras agudas destes 302 pacientes, a sensibilidade do MAT e do IgM-ELISA foi de 44% (38-50%) e 75% (69-79%), respectivamente. Amostra aguda tardia e convalescente foi obtida dos casos suspeitos de leptospirose que evoluíram para óbito de 32% e 6%, respectivamente. Os resultados indicam que a coleta e o teste sorológico da amostra aguda tardia de pacientes hospitalizados por leptospirose é viável e melhora a eficiência dos atuais protocolos de confirmação laboratorial de casos de leptospirose.
Confirmation of leptospirosis with MAT requires evaluating acute and convalescent-phase sera samples to identify seroconversion or fourfold rise in titers. Current World Health Organization (WHO) protocols recommend that convalescent samples are collected with ≥14days after the acute sample collection. However, the difficulty in collecting convalescent samples hampers case confirmation and is a major cause for leptospirosis under-reporting. This study evaluated feasibility of collecting a late acute-sera sample from hospitalized cases of leptospirosis and determined to serological analysis of this sample can improve the efficiency of the protocol to confirm the diagnosis of leptospirosis. From 2003 to 2009, active hospital-based surveillance in Salvador-Brazil prospectively identified hospitalized cases of patients with clinical suspicion of leptospirosis. Three blood samples were collected for each case: an early acute sample, a sample of late acute and convalescent sample collected during the first 24 hours after hospitalization 4 and ≥ 14 days after the first sampling, respectively. The identified patients were diagnosed with leptospirosis by seroconversion, fourfold rise in titers, or a titer ≥1:800 in the MAT. The diagnostic performance of the MAT and IgM ELISA in the combined sample of early acute and late acute sample performance was compared to the early assessment of acute and convalescent samples following a WHO recommendation for testing. We confirmed the leptospirosis diagnosis in 643 (68%) of 938 suspected cases. Convalescent-phase samples were collected from 63% of the confirmed patients, but in only 55% of the suspected cases. In contrast, the late acute phase sample was collected for 77% and 66% of confirmed and suspected patients, respectively. Among the 302 confirmed cases which all three samples were obtained, the sensitivity of MAT and IgM-ELISA was 97% (IC95%, 94-99%) and 96% (93-98%), respectively, when results of early and late acute-phase samples were evaluated in comparison to the results of the early acute and convalescent samples. In contrast, the sensitivity of MAT and IgM-ELISA was 44% (38-50%) and 75% (69-79%), respectively, when only a single early acute-phase sample was evaluated. Late acute-phase and convalescent-phase samples were obtained from 32% and 6% of the suspected leptospirosis and deaths, respectively. These findings indicate that collection and serologic testing of a late-acute-phase sample among hospitalized patients with suspected leptospirosis may significantly increase the efficiency of protocols for laboratory case confirmation.
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Mewton, Nathan. "Imagerie cardiaque par résonance magnétique à la phase aigüe de l'infarctus du myocarde : de la physiopathologie à l'évaluation des nouvelles thérapeutiques de reperfusion." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10293.
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La première partie de cette thèse porte sur l'étude du no-reflow ou obstruction microvasculaire en IRM cardiaque. Dans une première étude, nous avons mesuré l'incidence du no-reflow dans une population de 25 patients pris en charge pour infarctus du myocarde sans sus-décalage du segment ST. Nous avons trouvé que 32% de ces patients présentaient un no-reflow et que la présence de no-reflow était associée à une taille d'infarctus significativement plus importante ainsi qu'une élévation plus importante des enzymes cardiaques. Dans une deuxième étude nous avons comparé la performance diagnostique du myocardial blush grade (MBG) pour le diagnostic du no-reflow avec l'IRM cardiaque sur les séquences de rehaussement tardif post-gadolinium. Cette étude a été réalisée dans une population de 39 patients pris en charge pour un premier épisode de STEMI. Nous avons trouvé que le MBG sous-estimait la présence de no-reflow à la phase aiguë de l'infarctus après reperfusion optimale en comparaison avec l'IRM. La deuxième partie de cette thèse concerne la quantification de l'infarctus du myocarde en IRM cardiaque de rehaussement tardif post-gadolinium. Nous avons comparé une technique d'évaluation semi-quantitative visuelle rapide avec la planimétrie manuelle classique sur une population de 103 patients pris en charge pour syndrome coronarien aigu. La taille de l'infarctus était évaluée par ces deux méthodes en IRM cardiaque réalisée 4 jours après admission. Nous avons trouvé une excellente corrélation et un bon niveau de concordance entre les deux méthodes d'évaluation de la taille d'infarctus, avec des temps de posttraitements beaucoup plus courts pour l'analyse visuelle rapide. Enfin, la troisième partie de cette thèse aborde le sujet de l'utilisation de l'IRM cardiaque comme outil de mesure dans les essais thérapeutiques sur la reperfusion myocardique. Nous avons utilisé l'IRM cardiaque pour évaluer l'efficacité de l'utilisation de la cyclosporine A à la phase aigüe de l'infarctus reperfusé et son effet sur remodelage ventriculaire à 6 mois. Dans cette étude 28 patients ont été étudiés en IRM cardiaque 5 jours et 6 mois après un infarctus du myocarde. Nous avons trouvé une persistance de la réduction significative de 23% de taille de l'infarctus à 6 mois dans le groupe traité par cyclosporine par rapport au groupe contrôle. Il n'y avait pas d'effet négatif de la cyclosporine A sur le processus de remodelage ventriculaire gaucheWe assessed the presence and extent of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and its relationship with infarct size and left ventricular (LV) functional parameters after acute non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). 25 patients with first acute NSTEMI underwent a complete cardio magnetic resonance (CMR) study 72 hours after admission. MO was detected in 32% of patients and was significantly associated with a larger infarct size. There were no significant difference between both groups for the LV functional parameters but patients with MO showed a higher troponin-I and CK release. We studied the relation between Myocardial Blush Grade (MBG) and gadolinium-enhanced CMR for the assessment of MVO in 39 patients with acute ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by primary PCI. No statistical relation was found between MBG and MVO extent at CMR (p=0.63). MBG underestimates MVO after an optimal revascularization in AMI compared to CMR.We compared the performance and post-processing time of a global visual scoring method to standard quantitative planimetry and we compared both methods to the peak values of myocardial biomarkers. 103 patients admitted with reperfused AMI to our intensive care unit had a complete CMR study 4±2 days after admission. There was an excellent correlation between quantitative planimetry and visual global scoring for the hyperenhancement extent’s measurement (r=0.94; y=1.093x+0.87; SEE=1.2; P<0.001) and there was also a good concordance between the two approaches with significantly shorter mean post-processing time for the visual scoring method. There was also significant levels of correlation between the enzymatic peak values and the visual global scoring method. The visual global scoring method allows a rapid and accurate assessment of the myocardial global delayed enhancement. This study examined the effect of a single dose of cyclosporine A used at the time of reperfusion, on LV remodeling and function by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the early days and 6 months after AMI.28 patients of the original cyclosporine A study had an acute (day 5) and a follow-up (6 months) CMR study. There was a persistent 23% reduction of the absolute infarct size at 6 months without any dementrial effect in the cyclosporine A group compared with the control group of patients. Cyclosporine A used at the moment of AMI reperfusion persistently reduces infarct size and does not have a detrimental effect on LV remodeling
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Tall, Ndiogou. "Etude et réalisation de circuits de récupération d'horloge et de données analogiques et numériques pour des applications bas débit et très faible consommation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4717.
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Les circuits de récupération d'horloge et de données sont nécessaires au bon fonctionnement de plusieurs systèmes de communication sans fil. Les travaux effectués dans le cadre de cette thèse concernent le développement de ces circuits avec d'une part la réalisation, en technologie HCMOS9 0,13 μm de STMICROELECTRONICS, de circuits CDR analogiques à 1 et 54 Mbit/s, et d'autre part, la mise en œuvre de fonctions CDR numériques programmables à bas débit. Un circuit CDR fonctionnant à plus bas débit (1 Mbit/s) a été conçu dans le cadre de la gestion d'énergie d'un récepteur ULB impulsionnel non cohérent. Ces deux structures ont été réalisées à l'aide de PLL analogiques du 3ème ordre. Un comparateur de phase adapté aux impulsions issues du détecteur d'énergie a été proposé dans cette étude. Les circuits ont ensuite été dimensionnés dans le but d'obtenir de très bonnes performances en termes de jitter et de consommation. En particulier, les performances mesurées (sous pointes) du circuit CDR à 1 Mbit/s permettent d'envisager une gestion d'énergie efficace (réduction de plus de 97% de la consommation du récepteur). Dans le cadre d'une chaîne de télémesure avion vers sol, deux circuits CDR numériques ont également été réalisés durant cette thèse. Une PLL numérique du second degré a été implémentée en vue de fournir des données et une horloge synchrone de celles-ci afin de piloter une chaîne SOQPSK entièrement numérique. Un circuit ELGS a également mis au point pour fonctionner au sein d'un récepteur PCM/FMClock and data recovery circuits are required in many wireless communication systems. This thesis is about development of such circuits with: firstly, the realization, in HCMOS9 0.13 μm of STMICROELECTRONICS technology, of 1 and 54 Mb/s analog CDR circuits, and secondly, the implementation of programmable digital circuits at low rates. In the aim of an impulse UWB transceiver dealing with video transmission, a CDR circuit at 54 Mb/s rate has been realized to provide clock signal synchronously with narrow pulses (their duration is about a few nanoseconds) from the energy detector. Another CDR circuit has been built at 1 Mb/s rate in a non-coherent IR- UWB receiver power management context. Both circuits have been implemented as 3rd order analog PLL. In this work, a phase comparator suitable for “RZ low duty cycle” data from the energy detector has been proposed. Circuits have been sized to obtain very good performances in terms of jitter and power consumption. Particularly, measured performances of the 1 Mb/s CDR circuit allow to plan an efficient power management (a decrease of more than 97% of the receiver total power consumption). In the context of a telemetry system from aircraft to ground, two digital CDR circuits have also been implemented. A second order digital PLL has been adopted in order to provide synchronous clock and data to an SOQPSK digital transmitter. Also, a digital ELGS circuit has been proposed to work in a PCM/FM receiver. For both CDR structures, the input signal rate is programmable and varies globally from 1 to 30 Mb/s
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Delandar, Arash Hosseinzadeh. "Modeling defect structure evolution in spent nuclear fuel container materials." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206175.
Full textAbstract:
Materials intended for disposal of spent nuclear fuel require a particular combination of physical and chemical properties. The driving forces and mechanisms underlying the material’s behavior must be scientifically understood in order to enable modeling at the relevant time- and length-scales. The processes that determine the mechanical behavior of copper canisters and iron inserts, as well as the evolution of their mechanical properties, are strongly dependent on the properties of various defects in the bulk copper and iron alloys. The first part of the present thesis deals with precipitation in the cast iron insert. A nodular cast iron insert will be used as the inner container of the spent nuclear fuel. Precipitation is investigated by computing effective interaction energies for point defect pairs (solute–solute and vacancy–solute) in bcc iron using first-principles calculations. The main considered impurities in the iron matrix include 3sp (Si, P, S) and 3d (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu) solute elements. By computing interaction energies possibility of formation of different second phase particles such as late blooming phases (LBPs) in the cast iron insert is evaluated. The second part is devoted to the fundamentals of dislocations and their role in plastic deformation of metals. Deformation of single-crystal copper under high strain rates is simulated by employing dislocation dynamics (DD) method to examine the effect of strain rate on mechanical properties as well as dislocation microstructure development. Creep deformation of copper canister at low temperatures is studied. The copper canister will be used in the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel as the outer shell of the waste package to provide corrosion protection. A glide rate is derived based on the assumption that at low temperatures it is controlled by the climb rate of jogs on the dislocations. Using DD simulation creep deformation of copper at low temperatures is modeled by taking glide but not climb into account. Moreover, effective stresses acting on dislocations are computed using the data extracted from DD simulations.QC 20170428
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Burnett, Robert M. "The Burnett Site : a Cascade Phase camp on the lower Willamette River." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4171.
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Artifacts recovered from archaeological excavations near the Willamette River in Lake Oswego, Oregon indicate the presence there of a Late Windust-Early Cascade Phase site possibly dating to 9,000 B.P. The assemblage includes 137 projectile points, bifaces or point fragments, nearly all of the Cascade-type. Two stem fragments and one complete point which are similar to those of the Windust Phase which dates 10,000-8,000 B.P. in the southern Columbia Plateau also were found. Stone knives, choppers, scrapers, hammerstones, cores and microblades also are included in the assemblage. No later type notched or stemmed points have been recovered from the site. If the hypothesized dates are valid, the site will be the oldest discovered to date in the Lower Willamette River-Portland Basin area. This thesis reports on the site, its excavation and its artifacts.
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Chourasia, Sonam. "CORRELATION BETWEEN ALTERNANS OF EARLY AND LATE PHASES OF VENTRICULAR ACTION POTENTIAL." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/1.
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Several studies suggest that action potential duration (APD) alternans play an important role in initiation of arrhythmias, while less is known about the alternans of early phases of action potential (AP) and phase relation between the two. Transmembrane potentials recorded from swine and canine ventricles were analyzed to determine the correlation and phase relation between alternans of early and late phases of an AP. In both species, for activation intervals ≤ 400 ms, action potential amplitude (APA) alternans occurred≥ 50% of times when APD alternans occurred and vice versa, both were mostly in phase. Also, alternans of APA and APD were mostly in phase with alternans of maximal rate of depolarization. The correlation between alternans in early and later parts of AP, however, was variable between species; APD10 and APD90 alternans were out of phase 81 % versus 34 % in canines and swines. These observations suggest that ionic mechanisms underlying alternans of depolarization and early repolarization phases may be distinct from those underlying later phases of repolarization. Simulations conducted to see the spatiotemporal effect of phase behavior between these alternans show that out of phase behavior suppresses oscillations in wavelength and minimizes the chances of spatial discordance.
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Howe, Christina Waterston. "Gene expression in a late region of the Streptomyces temperate phage oC31." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296771.
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Brady-Rawlins, Kathleen L. "The O.C. Voss Site: reassessing what we know about the Fort Ancient occupation of the central Scioto drainage and its tributaries." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180454140.
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Rhodes, Hannah Rasmussen. "Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of Phase I Eastern Lake Survey data." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186139.
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Many difficulties are encountered when analyzing large spatial data sets. The following research focuses on how various univariate, multivariate, geostatistical, and geographic information systems techniques can aid in the examination of spatial data sets containing large numbers of samples, as well as variables. The analyses are applied to data from Phase I of the Eastern Lake Survey which deals with the effects of acidic deposition on aquatic ecosystems. Relationships among chemical analytes are explored, and outlying or atypical lake samples and chemical analytes are identified using statistical techniques including univariate statistics, correlation analysis, normality testing, multivariate outlier testing, correspondence analysis, and ordinary kriging. The primary objective of the correspondence analysis was to obtain a reduction in the number of chemical analytes in order to make subsequent data analyses and interpretations easier. The main reason for performing a geostatistical analysis of the ELS-I data was to obtain maps of interpolated values for unsampled lake locations. Geographic information systems technology was used to examine the influence of lake size on the kriging analysis. This research should provide useful for future efforts to detect and ameliorate the effects of acidic deposition on aquatic ecosystems.
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Hu, Jimmy Kuang-Hsien. "Diverse Roles of Cell Signaling during Early and Late Phases of Limb Development." Thesis, Harvard University, 2011. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10015.
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The development of the vertebrate limb is a progressive process characterized by initial induction and patterning, concomitant growth and morphogenesis, and subsequent cell differentiation and tissue formation. Many of these processes are regulated by specific signaling centers and the environment they create. Through both classical approaches and recent molecular studies, we are beginning to understand the roles of these signaling events during limb development. However, several questions still remain and need to be further addressed. In this dissertation, I first examine how signaling molecules regulate the proximal-distal (PD) patterning of the limb. We demonstrate that early limb mesenchyme is initially maintained in a state capable of generating all limb segments by a combination of proximal and distal signals. As the limb grows, the proximal limb is established by exposure to flank-derived signal(s), whereas the distal segments are determined by distal signals when cells grow beyond the proximal influence. Thus, these results support the “two signal model” and contradict the classical view of PD patterning by a clock-based system that was postulated in the “progress zone model”. In the second part of this work, I focus on a later developmental event and study the cell- and non-cell-autonomous function of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) during limb muscle formation. Muscle progenitor cells migrate from the lateral somites into the developing limb, where they undergo patterning and differentiation in response to local signals. We find that Shh patterns limb musculature non-cell-autonomously, acting through adjacent non-muscle mesenchyme. However, Shh functions cell-autonomously to maintain cell survival in the dermomyotome and promote slow muscle differentiation. Finally, Shh signaling is required cell-autonomously to maintain Net1 expression, which in turn regulates directional muscle cell migration in the distal limb. The dissertation ends with three appendices, describing separate studies: first, mechanisms of limb loss in snakes, second, the role of Hippo signaling in limb development, and lastly a collaborative work with Dr. Jérôme Gros on limb morphogenesis. Taken together, this dissertation provides a glimpse into the diverse roles of signaling pathways during various stages of vertebrate limb development.
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Carroll, Patrick. "Reevaluating the Late Classic Lu-bat Glyphic Phrase: The Artist and the Underworld." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5915.
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The study of hieroglyphic texts is vital to the interpretation of the ancient Maya and how their worldview contributed to their daily lives. Hieroglyphic decipherment has been an arduous undertaking and a wide variety of the Late Classic Maya writing styles has also been documented. When specific hieroglyphic phrases are not fully understood it has been necessary to utilize other sources of information to help increase the understanding of these texts. The “lu-bat” glyphic phrase has been utilized in multiple mediums throughout the Late Classic period and is described as an artist's signature. This artist signature is directly related to specific iconographic elements and themes that represent a cosmological view of the ancient Maya. This thesis demonstrates the connection between the lu-bat glyphic phrase and iconographic themes indicative of liminal powers exercised by the social elites in terms of the underworld. This connection is strengthened through the evaluation of the associated texts and iconographic analysis. While interpretations of the lu-bat glyphic phrase have suggested that it represented an artist's signature, a concise articulation of the hieroglyphic values for the lu-bat glyphic phrase has not yet be achieved. The iconographic imagery involved with this glyph demonstrates an interactive level between the conduit being and liminal actions. This interaction depicts the individual involved as a direct medium for the ritual activities of the elites in terms of the underworld.M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology
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Krometis, Justin. "Lane Preference in a Simple Traffic Model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42365.
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We examine the effect of lane preference on a quasi one-dimensional three-state driven lattice gas, consisting of holes and positive and negative particles, and periodic boundary conditions in the longitudinal direction. Particles move via particle-hole and, with a lesser rate, particle-particle exchanges; the species are driven in opposite directions along the lattice, each preferring one of the lanes with a given probability, p. The model can be interpreted as traffic flow on a two-lane beltway, with fast cars preferring the left lane and slow cars preferring the right, viewed in a comoving frame. In steady-sate, the system typically exhibits a macroscopic cluster containing a majority of the particles. At very high values of p, a first order transition takes the system to a spatially disordered state. Using Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the system, we find that the size of the cluster increases with lane preference. We also observe a region of negative response, where increasing the lane preference decreases the number of particles in their favored lane, against all expectations. In addition, simulations show an intriguing sequence of density profiles for the two species. We apply mean-field theory, continuity equations, and symmetries to derive relationships between observables to make a number of predictions verified by the Monte Carlo data.Master of Science
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CHALLIOUI, GILLET CAROLE. "Degradation du caoutchouc naturel en phase latex par oxydation controlee. Action du couple phenylhydrazine/oxygene sur un modele des structures polyisopreniques." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1024.
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Ce memoire traite de l'etude de la degradation controlee du caoutchouc naturel en phase latex sous l'action du couple redox phenylhydrazine/oxygene. En se basant sur les resultats des travaux anterieurs et possedant a present, des methodes d'analyses plus performantes (rmn #1h 400mhz et cg/sm), notre travail a consiste a identifier de maniere plus sure et plus complete les fonctions d'extremites de chaine apres degradation. Pour cela, nous avons cherche dans un premier temps a alimenter notre reflexion en completant nos connaissances des processus d'oxydation et de degradation du polyisoprene par une etude bibliographique de l'autoxydation des acides gras insatures (chapitre i). Nous avons ensuite consacre le deuxieme chapitre a la modelisation de la procedure de degradation du caoutchouc naturel en phase latex par une reaction de degradation d'une molecule modele, le 4,8-dimethyldodeca-4,8-diene, en emulsion. La synthese de molecules modeles supposees se former et l'analyse des melanges de degradation ont permis de preciser (chapitre iii): 1) la nature des extremites de chaine apres scission ; 2) les differents modes de fragmentation ; 3) les phenomenes de modification chimique sans rupture de chaines. En etudiant l'evolution en fonction du temps des produits de degradation (chapitre iv), les etapes successives de la reaction ont pu etre reconstituees: 1) fragmentation des chaines et formation d'extremites carbonyle ; 2) reaction d'une partie de ces fonctions carbonyle avec la phenylhydrazine residuelle pour donner des phenylhydrazones tres reactives avec l'oxygene. Les structures d'oxydation alors formees sont susceptibles de se decomposer plus ou moins rapidement ; 3) degradation par recurrence des extremites carbonyle (aldehydes et cetones). Des hypotheses de mecanismes sont proposees pour l'ensemble de ces degradations
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Strain, Lachlan. "Alternative macroalgal diets for juvenile greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) in the later nursery phase." Thesis, Strain, Lachlan (2012) Alternative macroalgal diets for juvenile greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) in the later nursery phase. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22587/.
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Greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) are a highly valued fishery resource, grown in aquaculture facilities around the southern states of Australia. These commercial farms have a nursery system that utilises natural algal diets adhered to vertical plates for rearing postlarval and juvenile abalone. However, as the juvenile abalone grow (5 – 15 mm shell length), the current commercial nursery diet of the green alga Ulvella lens plus the diatom Navicula cf. jeffreyi does not supply adequate algal biomass to maintain commercially viable abalone growth rates at the required stocking densities. The focus of this research was to identify, develop and evaluate alternative macroalgal diets to overcome the restrictions in algal biomass during the later nursery phase.
Macroalgae as an alternative natural diet for juvenile abalone can increase the algal biomass supplied on the vertical plates given its fast, 3-dimensional growth; while also considered a suitable nutrition source, as it is the primary feed of wild adult abalone. Australian abalone species have a preference for red macroalgae and to accommodate this, propagation methods including carpospore liberation, protoplast production and vegetative propagation; were assessed to determine the fitness of Rhodophyta species as an alternative diet for juvenile abalone in the later nursery phase. Protoplasts were readily isolated from red macroalgal species, however due to their limited regeneration, high cost of production and significant expertise required, the method was deemed unsuitable for utilisation in a commercial abalone nursery.
Vegetative propagation successful established fragment culture of several red macroalgal species. The development of an artificial adhesion protocol, utilising active immobilisation processes through gel entrapment by the natural polysaccharide agar; enabled macroalgal fragments to be presented to juvenile abalone on the vertical plates in the nursery system. A diet of Laurencia sp. fragments adhered to the plates with agar produced juvenile abalone growth rates (50 μm.day-1) comparable to the current commercial nursery diet of U. lens and N. jeffreyi. The grazing resistance of the Laurencia/agar diet was low and fragments did not regenerate; so regular re-application was required, making artificial adhesion protocols unsuitable for use in the development of juvenile abalone diets within the nursery system. Instead of integrating alternative macroalgal diets in the nursery system, a different abalone management (weaner) system utilising an artificial diet, was able to produce significantly greater juvenile abalone growth rates and weight gain for abalone larger than 8 mm shell length.
Macroalgal sporelings were incorporated as an alternative diet to remove the need for artificial adhesion protocols, as they can be seeded directly onto the plates whilst still presenting high algal biomass to the juvenile abalone. The morphology and life cycle of the green alga, Ulva allows for the high spore production and sporeling densities required to create a juvenile abalone diet. An Ulva spp. sporeling diet on the nursery plates produced abalone growth rates of nearly 100 μm.day-1 and was comparable to the current commercial nursery diet (U. lens/N. jeffreyi). However, the Ulva sporeling diet was unable to maintain suitable growth rates for abalone greater than 8 – 9 mm shell length and consequently, did not overcome the biomass limitation of natural algal diets in the nursery system.
Given the Ulva sporeling diets ability to produce commercially viable growth rates for juvenile abalone less than 8 – 9 mm shell length and Australian abalone preference for red macroalgae, a composite green and red macroalgal sporeling diet was identified as an alternative diet for juvenile abalone in the later nursery phase. To incorporate Rhodophyta species into the diet, propagation via carpospore liberation was achieved for several red macroalgal species by temperature, dark and osmotic pressure induction treatments, with Hypnea sp. liberating the greatest number of carpospores (67.23 ± 10.19 x103 carpospores.g-1). Therefore, the combination Hypnea and Ulva sporeling diet was developed, which also reduced the biomass of red macroalgal carposporophyte required compared to that needed for creating a monospecies diet. This composite sporeling diet produced larger juvenile abalone (15 mm shell length), faster growth rates (87 μm.day-1) and weight gain (2.5 μg.day-1), when compared to the current commercial diets in the nursery (U. lens/N. jeffreyi) and weaner (artificial feed) systems. The addition of new seeded plates for all nursery diets during the trial allowed the composite sporeling diet to provide sufficient algal biomass. The Hypnea/Ulva sporeling diet was able to overcome the biomass limitations of algal diets and accommodate the juvenile abalone (<15 mm shell length) high grazing pressure, while producing commercial viable growth rates throughout the entire later nursery phase. This composite sporeling diet has been incorporated into a detailed feeding regime for Australian commercial abalone nursery practices, to help improve juvenile Haliotis laevigata culture and increase overall farm production of this highly valued resource.
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Nicoleau, Luc. "Interactions physico-chimiques entre le latex et les phases minérales constituant le ciment au cours de l'hydratation." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS047.
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