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Academic literature on the topic 'Late cambrian depositional environment'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Maslov, A. V., D. V. Grazhdankin, and V. N. Podkovyrov. "Late Vendian kotlinian crisis on the East European Platform: lithogeochemical indicators of depositional environment." Литология и полезные ископаемые 1, no. 1 (February 16, 2019): 2–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024-497x201912-30.

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Sharp changes in the biodiversity of fossil organisms in the Upper Vendian of the East European Platform are considered as the manifestation of global crisis immediately prior to the “Cambrian Explosion.” However, they could be caused by local environmental perturbations. Variations of some lithogeochemical indicators of depositional environment (indicators of paleoclimate, exhalation activity, redox settings, and paleobioproductivity) were analyzed in order to establish the possible influence of sedimentary systems on evolutionary processes in the Late Vendian and at the boundary with the Cambrian. The applied algorithm of lithogeochemical studies revealed no significant perturbations in physical properties of the environment on a scale of sedimentary basins. The obtained data suggest that local factors did not affect the evolution of Ediacaran biota on the East European Platform and confirm the global nature of transitions between the Redkinian, Belomorian, and Kotlinian biotas.
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Huang, Jing, Yali Chen, Xuelei Chu, and Tao Sun. "The geochemistry of the late Cambrian carbonate in North China: the Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion (SPICE) record suppressed in a coastal condition?" Geological Magazine 156, no. 10 (March 8, 2019): 1805–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756819000025.

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AbstractThe Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion (SPICE) is globally distributed in late Cambrian sedimentary records but controversially heterogeneous in its magnitudes. Here we use multiple geochemical proxies to investigate the late Cambrian carbonates from the Tangwangzhai section in North China, which were deposited in a shallow coastal environment with three depositional sequences (S1–S3). Each sequence comprises a transgressive systems tract (TST) and a highstand systems tract (HST). The REE + Y and trace element records are consistent with the depositional condition and indicate that terrigenous influence was more significant in the TST than HST. δ13Ccarb and δ34SCAS are low in the TST relative to HST, consistent with the scenario that terrigenous inputs were profoundly aggressive to seawater by introducing 13C-depleted and 34S-depleted materials. Within the TST of S2, the SPICE excursion shows a scaled-down δ13Ccarb positive shift (∼1.7 ‰) relative to its general records (∼4–6 ‰); the corresponding δ34SCAS show no positive excursion. This ‘atypical’ SPICE record is attributed to enhanced 13C-depleted and 34S-depleted terrigenous influence during the TST, which would reduce the amplitude of δ13Ccarb excursion, and even obscure δ34SCAS excursion. Meanwhile the subaerial unconformity at the base of TST would also cause a partially missing and a ‘snapshot’ preservation. Our study confirms significant local influence to the SPICE records, and further supports the heterogeneity and low sulphate concentrations of the late Cambrian seawater, because of which the SPICE records may be vulnerable to specific depositional conditions (e.g. sea-level, terrigenous input).
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Curtis, Michael L., and Simon A. Lomas. "Late Cambrian stratigraphy of the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains: implications for basin evolution." Antarctic Science 11, no. 1 (March 1999): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102099000103.

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Deposition of the Upper Cambrian succession of the Ellsworth Mountains was influenced by major, episodic tectonically-driven changes to the depositional basin geometry. We subdivide the succession into four stratigraphical sequences based on the recognition of three sequence-bounding unconformities. The upper part of Sequence 1 is composed of the laterally equivalent Liberty Hills, Springer Peak and Frazier Ridge formations, a siliciclastic fluvial to marine deltaic association displaying NW-directed palaeocurrents. A switch in the position of the Late Cambrian depocentre from the north-west to the south coincided with cessation of terrigenous clastic deposition and accumulation of Sequence 2, the limestones of the Minaret Formation. Previously unreported talus breccias from the Independence Hills provide important clues to basin configuration at this time. A brief period of emergence of the Minaret Formation is inferred, prior to rapid subsidence and disconformable deposition of Sequence 3 (the ‘transition beds’) in outer-inner shelf environments. Localized intra-basinal uplift occurred prior to the deposition of Sequence 4 (the lower Crashsite Group), the base of which is locally an erosive unconformity, with a correlative conformity exposed elsewhere. We interpret the Upper Cambrian succession as representing the ‘rift-drift’ transition from initial rifting (preceded by Middle Cambrian volcanism) to thermal subsidence along the South African sector of the palaeo-Pacific margin of Gondwana.
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Surlyk, F., and J. R. Ineson. "Aspects of Franklinian shelf, slope and trough evolution and stratigraphy in North Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 133 (December 31, 1987): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v133.7974.

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The Early Palaeozoic Franklinian basin of North Greenland was initiated in early Cambrian times with the onset of siliciclastic and mixed carbonate shelf deposition on a substratum of Proterozoic sediments and Precambrian crystalline basement. The basin rapidly differentiated into shelf, slope, and trough environments. The boundary between these major depositional regimes follows major roughly east-west trending lineaments. The inner-outer shelf transition fluetuated widely in position and was controlled by the interplay between sea-level changes and periodic northwards downwarping. In Ordovician-Silurian times the margin of the carbonate platform migrated northwards to coincide with the shelf-slope break and had a steep scarp configuration with an abrupt transition to the shales and turbidites of the deep-water basin. In this paper we pay special attention to the initial basin sequence (Skagen Group), the collapsed and broken platform carbonates of the Lower Cambrian Portfjeld Formation, the Middle - Late Cambrian inner-outer shelf transition and to the nature of the Silurian platform margin scarp.
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Fahad Al-Ajmi, Hussain, Martin Keller, Matthias Hinderer, and Claudio Miro Filomena. "Lithofacies, depositional environments and stratigraphic architecture of the Wajid Group outcrops in southern Saudi Arabia." GeoArabia 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 49–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia200149.

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ABSTRACT The Wajid Group is a Palaeozoic siliciclastic succession of southern Saudi Arabia. In the outcrop belt it is ca. 500 m thick, whereas in the subsurface, the thickness increases to more than 4,500 m. The siliciclastic sediments have great reservoir potential for hydrocarbons and for groundwater. Although they represent one of the most important aquifers of the Arabian Peninsula, neither their sedimentologic, lithostratigraphic, nor their reservoir characteristics are satisfactorily known. In this study, a detailed description of lithology and sedimentology is given and the Wajid Group sediments are interpreted in terms of depositional environment and facies architecture. Thirteen lithofacies (LF 1 to LF 13) have been recognised, most of them composed of different subfacies. These lithofacies are grouped into 9 lithofacies associations (LF-A1 through LF-A9). LF-A1 through LF-A3 and LF-A7 represent shallow-marine siliciclastic environments. The remaining lithofacies associations describe periglacial environments of the Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) and Permian Gondwana glaciations. Except for a few pro-glacial fluvial deposits, fluvial successions and aeolian sediments are absent in the outcrops of the Wajid Sandstone. Five formations are recognised in the Wajid Group: the Dibsiyah, Sanamah, Qalibah, Khusayyayn, and Juwayl formations. They are all separated by major unconformities. The Dibsiyah Formation represents a vast sand-sheet complex with core and margin facies formed under shallow-marine conditions. These marine conditions enabled an abundant fauna to proliferate and leave its traces in the form of Skolithos piperock and Cruziana sp. A late Cambrian to Early Ordovician age is inferred for these deposits from regional considerations. The Sanamah Formation records the Late Ordovician Hirnantian glaciation with coarse sandstones and conglomerates. A variety of glacier-induced sedimentary structures are present. The internal succession is composed of three major sediment packages reflecting three ice advance-retreat cycles. The latest of these cycles is overlain by a few metres of marginal-marine sediments of the Qalibah Formation. The Khusayyayn Formation was deposited probably during Early Devonian times. It also represents a sand-sheet environment characterised by the dominance of mega-scale and giant cross beds and bed sets. A marine depositional environment is assumed from scarce Skolithos sp., and because nearly all indicators of a braided river system are absent. The Juwayl Formation of Permian age was deposited at the interface of the Late Palaeozoic Gondwana ice shield with a large lake that may have covered most of southern Arabia and adjacent areas. Proglacial sandstones and conglomerates were deposited close to the glaciers, whereas fine-grained sediment with dropstones, boulder pavements and a wide spectrum of soft-sediment deformation are characteristic of the lake environment. While the two glacial successions and the Khusayyayn Formation can rather confidently be attributed to the geological time scale, either through seismic correlation or biostratigraphically, the Dibsiyah Formation has not yet been biostratigraphically well dated.
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GEYER, G. "The Fish River Subgroup in Namibia: stratigraphy, depositional environments and the Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary problem revisited." Geological Magazine 142, no. 5 (September 2005): 465–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756805000956.

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The Fish River Subgroup of the Nama Group, southern Namibia, is restudied in terms of lithostratigraphy and depositional environment. The study is based on partly fine-scaled sections, particularly of the Nababis and Gross Aub Formation. The results are generally in accordance with earlier studies. However, braided river deposits appear to be less widely distributed in the studied area, and a considerable part of the formations of the middle and upper subgroup apparently were deposited under shallowest marine conditions including upper shore-face. Evidence comes partly from sedimentary features and facies distribution, and partly from trace fossils, particularly Skolithos and the characteristic Trichophycus pedum. Environmental conditions represented by layers with T. pedum suggest that the producer favoured shallow marine habitats and transgressive regimes. The successions represent two deepening-upward sequences, both starting as fluvial (braided river) systems and ending as shallow marine tidally dominated environments. The first sequence includes the traditional Stockdale, Breckhorn and lower Nababis formations (Zamnarib Member). The second sequence includes the upper Nababis (Haribes Member) and Gross Aub formations. As a result, the Nababis and Gross Aub formations require emendation: a new formation including the Haribes and Rosenhof and possibly also the Deurstamp members. In addition, four distinct sequence stratigraphic units are deter-minable for the Fish River Subgroup in the southern part of the basin. The Proterozoic–Cambrian transition in southern Namibia is most probably located as low as the middle Schwarzrand Subgroup. The environmentally controlled occurrence of Trichophycus pedum undermines the local stratigraphic significance of this trace fossil which is eponymous with the lowest Cambrian and Phanerozoic trace fossil assemblage on a global scale. However, occurrences of such trace fossils have to be regarded as positive evidence for Phanerozoic age regardless of co-occurring body fossils. Other suggestions strongly dispute the concept of the formal Proterozoic–Cambrian and Precambrian–Phanerozoic boundary. Carbon isotope excursions and radiometric datings for the Nama Group do not help to calibrate precisely the temporal extent of the Fish River Subgroup. Fossil content, sequence stratigraphy and inferred depositional developments suggest that this subgroup represents only a short period of late orogenic molasse sedimentation during the early sub-trilobitic Early Cambrian.
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Strauss, Harald, Stefan Bengtson, Paul M. Myrow, and Gonzalo Vidal. "Stable isotope geochemistry and palynology of the late Precambrian to Early Cambrian sequence in Newfoundland." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 1662–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-131.

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A sequence of clastic sediments in southeastern Newfoundland straddling the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary has been investigated for its stable isotope geochemistry of carbon and sulfur and acid-resistant organic-walled microfossils. A detailed study of the Chapel Island Formation, which includes the boundary interval, has revealed fluctuations in the isotopic composition of organic carbon. These are largely interpreted as caused by differences in the depositional environments. Highly variable sulfur isotopic compositions indicate bacterial sulfate reduction as a pyrite-forming process, sometimes under sulfate-limited conditions. Palynological results are quite limited with respect to diagnostic microfossils.
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Post, Ryan T., and Darrel G. F. Long. "The Middle Cambrian Mount Roosevelt Formation (new) of northeastern British Columbia: evidence for rifting and development of the Kechika Graben System." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, no. 4 (April 2008): 483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e08-014.

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The eastern margin of the Kechika Graben in the vicinity of Muncho and Moose lakes, northeastern British Columbia, contains Middle Cambrian rift-related strata herein named the Mount Roosevelt Formation. The formation conformably overlies a quartzite package equivalent to the uppermost clastic unit of the informal late Early Cambrian Gataga group ( Bonnia – Olenellus zone) and is conformably overlain by a thick, unnamed carbonate sequence of Middle Cambrian age ( Plagiura – Poliella zone). The Mount Roosevelt Formation is subdivided into three members. The lowermost member is characterized by oöid-bearing siltstone and sandstone, interbedded with dolostone, limestone, and hematitic conglomerate. Conformably above this, the middle member is a thick sequence of polymict cobbly pebble conglomerate. The upper member includes karstified dolostone, calcareous-cemented conglomerate and sandstone, and limestone. Collectively the Mount Roosevelt Formation reflects alluvial fan delta progradation into a transgressive marine environment. Deposition occurred in an active fault-controlled basin, located on the eastern margin of the Kechika Graben adjacent to the Muskwa High. Basin initiation in the late Early Cambrian coincided with the reactivation of pre-existing regional faults. High rates of subsidence during the initial phase of extension were accommodated on these faults, which provided a locus for fan delta deposition. Continuing high rates of subsidence limited basinward fan delta development. Deposition of the formation ended with base-level transgression in the early Middle Cambrian that drowned the fan deltas and the adjacent Muskwa High and allowed development of the Kechika Trough above the older graben system.
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Ji, Tianyu, Wei Yang, Renhai Pu, and Xueqiong Wu. "Research on the lithofacies and paleogeography of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin, northwestern China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, no. 12 (December 2020): 1463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2019-0214.

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Based on the study of cores, thin sections, and outcrops, the sedimentary facies of the lower Cambrian carbonate rocks in the northern Tarim Basin can be divided into four types: restricted platform, open platform, ramp, and basin. Based on the lithologic analysis of thin sections, two-dimensional seismic data interpretation, and an isopach map of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the study area, seven sedimentary facies of carbonate rocks were identified, including inner platform depression, shoal, intershoal sea, platform margin, gypsum salt lake, ramp, and basin. The depositional model of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin is constructed based on this integrated research. The topset, foreset, and bottomset of oblique progradational reflections are interpreted as the platform margin beach, ramp, and basin environments, respectively. The thicker area with micritic dolomite as the dominant lithology is interpreted as a platform depression. The low-amplitude hummocky reflections are interpreted as shoals that consist of a variety of granular dolomite and algal dolomite. The thinner uplifted area with gypsum and dolomite present in cores is interpreted as a restricted platform with a gypsiferous dolomite tidal flat or lake environment. Well LT1, which was drilled recently in the platform margin and ramp region, as indicated by seismic progradational clinoform reflections, has produced high yields of oil and gas. Supported by the above research results, the map of the lithofacies and paleogeography of the Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin was recompiled.
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Li, Xing, and Mary Droser. "The development of Early Paleozoic shell concentrations: evidence from the Cambrian and Ordovician of the Great Basin." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200007437.

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Shell concentrations have constituted an important and conspicuous part of the stratigraphic record since the Early Cambrian. The paleontological and stratigraphic significance of shell beds is well understood, primarily from Mesozoic and Cenozoic examples. Lower Paleozoic fossil concentrations, however, have not received much attention. The Cambrian and Ordovician evolutionary radiations were two of the most significant events in the history of life and established the Cambrian and Paleozoic faunas respectively. In order to determine the effect of these radiations on the development of fossil accumulations, a systematic study of early Paleozoic shell beds was conducted in the Great Basin areas of California, Nevada, and Utah.In order to minimize taphonomic variations in original chemical and physical conditions, shell beds were compared from strata deposited in similar depositional environments from similar tectonic settings. Preliminary analysis of the shell beds from relatively pure carbonate facies and mixed carbonate and siliciclastic facies shows: 1) that shell concentrations became a significant stratigraphic feature in the later Early Cambrian; 2) the thickness and lateral extent of the shell beds increase from Early Cambrian to Middle Ordovician; 3) the abundance and internal complexity of the shell beds increase from Early Cambrian to Middle Ordovician; and 4) the Cambrian and Early Ordovician shell beds are primarily, if not exclusively, dominated by trilobites whereas the Middle Ordovician shell beds are dominated by brachiopods and ostracodes.These data show a temporal trend in the development of the early Paleozoic shell beds. The nature of the Cambrian and Ordovician shell beds differs qualitatively and quantitatively. There is an increase in physical scale, abundance, and internal complexity through time. The thickness and abundance of the trilobite beds increase through the Cambrian. Interestingly, although trilobites were still diverse and abundant, they did not commonly generate thick trilobite beds after the Late Cambrian. The early Middle Ordovician is a critical time in the development of early Paleozoic shell beds. A variety of monotaxic and polytaxic shell beds, including 6m thick composite beds, first appeared at this time. While the brachiopods and ostracodes generate laterally extensive, commonly monotaxic, shell beds, the gastropods and bryozoans only formed lenticular concentrations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Al, Marjibi Salmeen. "Unravelling the depositional environments wthin the Lower Andam Group (Al Bashair Formations, Late Cambrian) of north-central Oman." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540500.

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The Al Bashair Formation is interpreted in this study to have been deposited in marginal marine settings (supratidal to subtidal).  Support for this interpretation comes from the range of lithologies and sedimentary structures present, the types of body and trace fossils, and the presence of gypsum pseudomorphs and halite moulds.  Carbonate rocks are absent from the upper half of the Al Bashair Formation and the interval becomes much muddier than the lower half.  These features allow the division of the Al Bashair Formation stratigraphically into two parts, the Lower Unit and the Upper Unit. Previously it has been thought that the mudstone intervals in the Al Bashair succession were deposited in a deeper water setting than the carbonate and sandstone strata. However, detailed study of the succession at outcrop shows that these mudstone intervals are always associated with terrestrial sedimentary structures, particularly those produced by pedogenesis, indicating they were subaerially exposed for sufficient time for soils to form soon after their deposition.  This indicates that the succession of the Upper Unit of the Al Bashair Formation generally was deposited in an overall more landward setting than the underlying unit, and the “Intra-Al Bashair Boundary” cannot be interpreted as a maximum flooding surface. Furthermore, the study confirms the sedimentological similarity of the Al Bashair Formation across the northern salt basins of Oman, and similarity to the exposed succession in the QMH area.  The detailed examination of the subsurface and outcrop succession of the Al Bashair Formation suggests a low gradient for the shelf during Al Bashair time in the north-central part of Oman.
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Shah, Mihir P. "Evaluating Depositional Complexity and Compartmentalization of the Rose Run Sandstone (Upper Cambrian) in Eastern Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1383571840.

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Eyre, Bradley. "Depositional environment and diagenetic controls on porosity and permeability of early Cambrian basal siliciclastics in the Georgina Basin /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbe98.pdf.

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Banjade, Bharat. "Subsurface Facies Aanalysis of the Cambrian Conasauga Formation and Kerbel Formation in East - Central Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1322525944.

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Austermann, Gregor [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Bengtson. "Sedimentology and depositional environment of the middle Cambrian Manuels River Formation in the type locality at Conception Bay South, Newfoundland, Canada / Gregor Austermann ; Betreuer: Peter Bengtson." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180611713/34.

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Hynne, Ingrid Bjørnerheim. "Depositional environment on eastern Svalbard and central Spitsbergen during Carnian time (Late Triassic) : a sedimentological investigation of the De Geerdalen Formation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for geologi og bergteknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13953.

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Sedimentological data were obtained for the De Geerdalen Formation (Upper Triassic) from outcrop studies at Edgeøya, Hopen and central Spitsbergen to reconstruct the palaeo-depositional environment of the formation. Data from fieldwork 2009 in addition to earlier studies makes it possible to assess the formations changing sedimentation pattern. Lateralvariations were mapped by logging several vertical sections in adjacent areas and helicopterbased LIDAR-scans were taken at Edgeøya to be used for later spatial studies of sandstonebodies. Good exposures, especially in the eastern part of the Svalbard archipelago giveimportant information on unit thicknesses, lateral and vertical facies variations and spatial distributions of sand bodies. This investigation is a part of the Longyearbyen CO2 project, aiming to store CO2 in bedrock below Longyearbyen, where sandstones from De Geerdalen Formation are the expected target. Earlier studies, using sedimentological data, have suggested the De Geerdalen Formation to represent a shallow marine to prograding delta deposit (Mørk et al. 1982). Recent studies of the Middle and Late Triassic succession show prograding clinoforms from ESE, likely to represent De Geerdalen Formation east of Svalbard, (Riis et al. 2008). Our data support the later studies indicating a dominating ESE source. On central Spitsbergen the lower part of De Geerdalen Formation contains fine-grained sandstone units with thicknesses about 5 m, showing storm (hummocky) and shoreline structures. Sandstones in the upper part have greater thicknesses up to 25 m, displaying both channel systems and tidally influenced shoreface deposits. The coarsest grain-sizes found in the sections are medium-grained. Measured sections on the eastern part of Svalbard containsand units representing channel, tidal and shoreface environment. Growth faults are evident insome areas on Edgeøya. Sandstone thicknesses up to 30 m are present, and it shifts laterally between fine to medium-grained channel sands and fine-grained shallow marine sandstones.Thin coal layers, some with rootlets, are developed in the eastern sections, and channel sands are present more frequently. The data indicates an earlier development of proximal facies associations on eastern Svalbard than on central Spitsbergen, generally with a regressive pattern in both areas.
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Beik, Ibtisam [Verfasser], Jörg [Gutachter] Mutterlose, and Olaf Günther [Gutachter] Podlaha. "Geological setting and depositional environment of Late Cretaceous-Paleocene oil shales from Jordan / Ibtisam Beik ; Gutachter: Jörg Mutterlose, Olaf Günther Podlaha ; Fakultät für Geowissenschaften." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185171770/34.

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Smilek, Krista R. "Using Ichnology and Sedimentology to Determine Paleoenvironmental and Paleoecological Conditions of a Shallow-Water, Marine Depositional Environment: Case Studies from the Pennsylvanian Ames Limestone and Modern Holothurians." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1250003072.

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Abouessa, Ashour. "Sedimentological and ichnological characteristics of Dur At Tallah siliciclastic rock sequence, and their significance in the depositional environment interpretation of tidal-fluvial system (Upper Eocene, Sirt Basin, Libya)." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985603.

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Dur At Talah sedimentary sequence, located at the southern side of the Sirt Basin in central Libya, is composed of 150 m thick of mainly siliciclastic rocks. The importance of this sequence is linked to the importance of the Sirt Basin as one of large hydrocarbon reservoirs in Libya. The sequence is also an excellent site for vertebrate fossils of Late Eocene, the age of the sequence. Previous studies, though very limited compared to the importance of this area, are focused on its paleontological content. Sedimentology received only scant attention before this project. This thesis is an outcrop based study in which the focus is given to the sedimentary and biogenic (trace fossils) structures, aiming at defining and interpreting depositional facies which building up the sequence. The study is mainly based on field data which are analyzed on the light of related published literature and on the comparison with modern sedimentary environments. Results of facies analysis have led to splitting the entire sequence into three genetically related intervals. The oldest, we called the New Idam Unit (around 80m), is composed of very fine sandstones to mudstones. New Idam Unit is unconformably overlain by the Sarir Unit (around 50m), composed of medium grained cross bedded sandstones (the lower 25-30 m) changes up to very coarse and microconglomeratic sandstone (the upper 20-30 m). Thus, the Sarir Unit is split into the lower Sarir Subunit and upper Sarir subunit. The New Idam Unit presents both classical and unusual sedimentary and biogenic indicators that attribute this unit to estuarine depositional environment. It starts with outer estuarine (the lower 35 m) and ends up with inner estuarine (the upper 45 m). Maximum flooding surface is located in between. Above this surface the fluvial indicators increase and tidal indicators decrease, thus providing clue for basinward (North) migration of the shoreline. The lower Sarir subunit which was previously interpreted as fluvial deposits, preserves multi-scale sedimentary structures that undoubtedly belong to tidal processes. This is especially evidenced at the lower part of the lower Sarir Subunit (LLS). Fluvial indications over dominates the tidal ones in the upper part of the lower Sarir (ULS). Due to this configuration the whole lower Sarir subunit is interpreted as shallow marine, deltaic, depositional system, occurred during sea level ¨normal¨ regression. This time, maximum flooding surface is located between the LLS and ULS. The lower Sarir subunit is terminated by subaerial unconformity, with evidences of subaerial exposure preserved at the top of the ULS. These are intruded by the upper Sarir subunit which presents clear evidences of strictly fluvial environment of deposition. The deposits of the upper Sarir subunit record the low stand system tract part of the Dur At Talah sequence. In addition to the outlined results, the sequential pattern of the depositional events is suggested for the entire sequence of Dur At Talah. This study provides a valuable information regarding the depositional and sequential aspects of the Sirt Basin during the late Eocene, it also provide an unique case study for the better understanding of the shallow marine tidal deposits.
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Myrow, Paul Michael. "Sedimentology and depositional history of the Chapel Island Formation (late Precambrian to early Cambrian) southeast Newfoundland /." 1987. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,97100.

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Books on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Ruediger, Stein, ed. Modern and late Quaternary depositional environment of the St. Anna Trough area, northern Kara Sea. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1999.

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Adams, Benjamin Nickolas. The depositional environment, petrography, and tectonic implications of informally named middle and late Eocene marine strata, western Olympic Peninsula, Washington. 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Cook, Harry E., Michael E. Taylor, and James F. Miller. "Day 2: Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and depositional environments, Hot Creek Range, Nevada." In Cambrian and Early Ordovician Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Basin and Range Province, Western United States: Las Vegas, Nevada to Salt Lake City, Utah, July 1–7, 1989, 28–36. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ft125p0028.

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Taylor, Michael E., Harry E. Cook, and James F. Miller. "Day 3: Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician biostratigraphy and depositional environments of the Whipple Cave Formation and House Limestone, central Egan Range, Nevada." In Cambrian and Early Ordovician Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Basin and Range Province, Western United States: Las Vegas, Nevada to Salt Lake City, Utah, July 1–7, 1989, 37–44. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ft125p0037.

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Summons, Roger E., and Trevor G. Powell. "Hydrocarbon Composition of the Late Proterozoic Oils of the Siberian Platform: Implications for the Depositional Environment of Source Rocks." In Early Organic Evolution, 296–307. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76884-2_22.

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Al-Helal, Anwar, Yaqoub AlRefai, Abdullah AlKandari, and Mohammad Abdullah. "Subsurface Stratigraphy of Kuwait." In The Geology of Kuwait, 27–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16727-0_2.

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AbstractThis chapter reviews the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait targeting geosciences educators. The lithostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the reviewed formations (association of rocks whose components are paragenetically related to each other, both vertically and laterally) followed the formal stratigraphic nomenclature in Kuwait. The exposed stratigraphic formations of the Miocene–Pleistocene epochs represented by the Dibdibba, Lower Fars, and Ghar clastic sediments (Kuwait Group) were reviewed in the previous chapter as part of near-surface geology. In this chapter, the description of these formations is based mainly on their subsurface presence. The description of the subsurface stratigraphic formations in Kuwait followed published academic papers and technical reports related to Kuwait’s geology or analog (GCC countries, Iraq and Iran) either from the oil and gas industry or from different research institutions in Kuwait and abroad. It is also true that studies related to groundwater aquifer systems also contribute to our understanding of the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait for the shallower formations. The majority of the published data were covered the onshore section of Kuwait. The subsurface stratigraphic nomenclature description is based on thickness, depositional environment, sequence stratigraphy, the nature of the sequence boundaries, biostratigraphy, and age. The sedimentary strata reflect the depositional environment in which the rocks were formed. Understanding the characteristics of the sedimentary rocks will help understand many geologic events in the past, such as sea-level fluctuation, global climatic changes, tectonic processes, geochemical cycles, and more, depending on the research question. The succession of changing lithological sequences is controlled by three main factors; sea-level change (eustatic sea level), sediment supply, and accommodation space controlled by regional and local tectonics influences. Several authors have developed theoretical methods, established conceptual models, and produced several paleofacies maps to interpret Kuwait’s stratigraphic sequence based on the data collected over time intervals from the Late Permian to Quaternary to reconstruct the depositional history of the Arabian Plate in general and of Kuwait to understand the characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs.
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Sangode, S. J., D. C. Meshram, A. M. Kandekar, Amol Abhale, S. S. Gudadhe, and Suman Rawat. "Late Holocene advancements of denudational and depositional fronts in the Higher Himalaya: A case study from Chandra valley, Himachal Pradesh, India." In Holocene Climate Change and Environment, 89–103. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90085-0.00021-8.

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Forsberg, C. F., A. Solheim, A. Elverhøi, E. Jansen, J. E. T. Channell, and E. S. Andersen. "The depositional environment of the western Svalbard margin during the late Pliocene and the Pleistocene: sedimentary facies changes at Site 986." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 162 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.162.032.1999.

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Wignall, Paul B. "4. The great catastrophes." In Extinction: A Very Short Introduction, 51–75. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198807285.003.0004.

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What is a mass extinction? Mass extinction events are geologically short intervals of time (always under a million years), marked by dramatic increases of extinction rates in a broad range of environments around the world. In essence they are global catastrophes that left no environment unaffected and that have fundamentally changed the trajectory of life. ‘The great catastrophes’ describes the big five mass extinctions—the end-Ordovician 445 million years ago, the Late Devonian 374 million years ago, the Permo-Triassic 252 million years ago, the end-Triassic 201 million years ago, and Cretaceous-Paleogene sixty-six million years ago—and thoughts on their likely causes, along with other important extinction events identified at the start of the Cambrian and in the Early Jurassic.
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Hegna, Thomas A., Javier Luque, and Joanna M. Wolfe. "The Fossil Record of the Pancrustacea." In Evolution and Biogeography, 21–52. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637842.003.0002.

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Fossils are critically important for evolutionary studies as they provide the link between geological ages and the phylogeny of life. The Pancrustacea are an incredibly diverse clade, representing over 800,000 described extant species, encompassing a variety of familiar and unfamiliar forms, such as ostracods, tongue worms, crabs, lobsters, shrimps, copepods, barnacles, branchiopods, remipedes, and insects. Having colonized nearly every environment on Earth, from hydrothermal vents to terrestrial habitats, they have a diverse fossil record dating back to the Cambrian (540–485 Ma). The quality of the fossil record of each clade is variable and related to their lifestyle (e.g., free-living versus parasitic, benthic versus pelagic) and the degree of mineralization of their cuticle. We review the systematics, morphology, preservation, and paleoecology of pancrustacean fossils; each major clade is discussed in turn, and, where possible, fossil systematics are compared with more recent data from molecular phylogenetics. We show that the three epic clades of the Pancrustacea—Allotriocarida, Multicrustacea, and Oligostraca—all have Cambrian roots, but the diversification of those clades did not take place until the Middle and Late Paleozoic. We also address the potential affinities of three “problematic” clades: euthycarcinoids, thylacocephalans, and cyclids. We conclude by assessing the future of pancrustacean paleobiology, discussing new morphological imaging techniques and further integration with growing molecular phylogenetic data.
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Kuiper, Yvette D., Ruth F. Aronoff, Christopher G. Daniel, and Madison Bzdok*. "Exploring the nature and extent of the Mesoproterozoic Picuris orogeny in Colorado, USA." In Field Excursions in the Front Range and Wet Mountains of Colorado for GSA Connects 2022, 17–38. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.0064(02).

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ABSTRACT The Mesoproterozoic is a controversial time within the Earth’s history, and is characterized by high temperature/pressure ratios in metamorphic rocks, a large volume of extensional plutons, very few economic mineral deposits, and possibly a slowdown in plate tectonic processes. In Laurentia, ca. 1.48–1.35 Ga is well known as a time of voluminous ferroan magmatism, which led to conflicting tectonic interpretations that range from continental extension to convergent margin settings. Recently, a ca. 1.50–1.35 Ga orogenic belt was proposed that spanned Laurentia from present-day eastern Canada to the southwestern United States. Unlike the preceding Paleoproterozoic Yavapai/Mazatzal orogenies and the subsequent late Mesoproterozoic Grenville orogeny, the early–mid-Mesoproterozoic Picuris orogeny in the southwestern United States was relatively unrecognized until about two decades ago, when geochronology data and depositional age constraints became more abundant. In multiple study areas of Arizona and New Mexico, deposition, metamorphism, and deformation previously ascribed to the Yavapai/Mazatzal orogenies proved to be part of the ca. 1.4 Ga Picuris orogeny. In Colorado, the nature and extent of the Picuris orogeny is poorly understood. On this trip, we discuss new evidence for the Picuris orogeny in the central Colorado Front Range, from Black Hawk in the central Colorado Front Range to the Wet Mountains, Colorado. We will discuss how the Picuris orogeny reactivated or overprinted earlier structures, and perhaps controlled the location of structures associated with Cambrian rifting, the Cretaceous–Paleogene Laramide orogeny, and the Rio Grande rift, and associated mineralization. We will also discuss whether and how the Picuris orogeny, and the Mesoproterozoic in general, were unique within the Earth’s history.
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Razin, Philippe, Carine Grelaud, and Frans van Buchem. "The Mid-Cretaceous Natih Formation in northern Oman: a model for platform-intrashelf basin depositional systems and associated petroleum habitat." In Field guides to exceptionally exposed carbonate outcrops, 515–86. International Association of Sedimentologists, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54780/iasfg3/10.

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The Late Albian – Early Turonian Natih Formation in Oman and its stratigraphic equivalents in the Middle-East correspond to a wide carbonate platform that developed on the Arabian plate along the passive margin of the Neotethys Ocean. It is composed of rudist-rich shallow marine deposits grading laterally to organic-rich deposits accumulated in intrashelf basins of relatively limited water depth. Consequently, this formation corresponds to a prolific petroleum system isolated below and above by effective regional seals. This formation, largely exploited in subsurface in the Middle-East, is spectacularly exposed in the Oman mountains thanks to the tectonic deformation of the Neotethys palaeomargin. These outcrops provide an excellent data set to construct a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic model for this type of carbonate system. The stratal architecture and the facies distribution clearly reveal how the platform evolution can be related to the ratio between accommodation rate and carbonate production during cycles at different scales. The cyclic evolution of this ratio is responsible for the gradual transition from a very flat platform with minor lateral facies and thickness variations to a low angle depositional profile from platform to intrashelf basin illustrated by clinoform geometries and pronounced lateral facies changes. Tectonic deformations have minor if no effect on the development of these intrashelf basins. Numerous additional interpretative key points will be addressed during this field trip: the location of shale deposits restricted to very shallow marine environment and implications on the inner platform sequence interpretation, the strong asymmetry of these transgressive sequences related to volumetric partitioning, the lack of pronounced rudist build-ups, the heterogeneities associated to subaerial exposure surfaces; and the hierarchy and fractal character of depositional sequences. This depositional model of the Natih Formation can be useful for the prediction of reservoir and source rock distribution and heterogeneity in this type of carbonate system.
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Conference papers on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Zubkov, M. Y. "Composition and Depositional Environment of Carbonate (Lower Cambrian) and Terrigenous (Vendian) Sediments in East Siberia." In GeoBaikal 2014. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20141741.

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Johnston, Paul A., Kimberley J. Johnston, and Stanley B. Keith. "DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND PALEOECOLOGY OF THE MIDDLE CAMBRIAN BURGESS SHALE RECONSIDERED—MUD VOLCANISM, SYNGENETIC FAULTING, AND PALEOBATHYMETRY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-308733.

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McElroy, Aleksander P. "FAUNA AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF A LATE PENNSYLVANIAN VERTEBRATE FOSSIL LOCALITY IN SOUTHEASTERN KANSAS." In 50th Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016sc-273788.

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Hanneman, Debra, Stephen Hasiotis, Donald Lofgren, and William C. McIntosh. "LATE EOCENE CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY, DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT, AND PALEOSOL-TRACE FOSSIL ASSOCIATIONS, PIPESTONE SPRINGS, SOUTHWEST MONTANA." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-355268.

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Fisk, Lanny H., Arun Kumar, James B. Riding, and Martin Röper. "NEW INTERPRETATIONS REGARDING THE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE LATE JURASSIC SOLNHOFEN FORMATION – EVIDENCE FROM PALYNOLOGY." In 68th Annual Rocky Mountain GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016rm-276282.

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Guo, Honghui, and Jianwei Feng. "THE EVOLUTION OF LATE PALEOZOIC TECTONIC - DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN SIKESHU SAG, JUNGGAR BASIN, NW CHINA." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-380064.

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Smith, Jon, and Brian Platt. "RECONSTRUCTING THE LATE MIOCENE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE OGALLALA FORMATION IN THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS, USA." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-380834.

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Yamanaka, Motoyoshi, Takashi Nanjo, and Takashi Taniwaki. "Evaluation of Rudist Depositional Environment using X-ray CT Scan Late Cretaceous Cenomanian in Offshore Abu Dhabi." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/192923-ms.

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Phuong, Ms Bui Thi Ngoc. "DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT, SECONDARY ALTERATION AND RESERVOIR PROPERTY OF LATE OLIGOCENE SEDIMENTS, TRA TAN FORMATION, CUU LONG BASIN – VIETNAM CONTINENTAL SHELF." In 2nd EAGE Conference on Reservoir Geoscience. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201977045.

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Brinton, Lise, James P. Keay, Michael M. May, Shaikh Abdul Azim, Abdullah Al-Awadi, and Hossam El-din Ibrahim. "Depositional Environment and Controls on Porosity Development and Distribution, in the Late Albian Mauddud Formation, Sabiriyah and Raudhatain Fields, Kuwait, as Input to a Geocellular Model." In Kuwait International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/127011-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Late cambrian depositional environment"

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Chidsey, Thomas C., David E. Eby, Michael D. Vanden Berg, and Douglas A. Sprinkel. Microbial Carbonate Reservoirs and Analogs from Utah. Utah Geological Survey, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ss-168.

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Multiple oil discoveries reveal the global scale and economic importance of a distinctive reservoir type composed of possible microbial lacustrine carbonates like the Lower Cretaceous pre-salt reservoirs in deepwater offshore Brazil and Angola. Marine microbialite reservoirs are also important in the Neoproterozoic to lowest Cambrian starta of the South Oman Salt Basin as well as large Paleozoic deposits including those in the Caspian Basin of Kazakhstan (e.g., Tengiz field), and the Cedar Creek Anticline fields and Ordovician Red River “B” horizontal play of the Williston Basin in Montana and North Dakota, respectively. Evaluation of the various microbial fabrics and facies, associated petrophysical properties, diagenesis, and bounding surfaces are critical to understanding these reservoirs. Utah contains unique analogs of microbial hydrocarbon reservoirs in the modern Great Salt Lake and the lacustrine Tertiary (Eocene) Green River Formation (cores and outcrop) within the Uinta Basin of northeastern Utah. Comparable characteristics of both lake environments include shallowwater ramp margins that are susceptible to rapid widespread shoreline changes, as well as compatible water chemistry and temperature ranges that were ideal for microbial growth and formation/deposition of associated carbonate grains. Thus, microbialites in Great Salt Lake and from the Green River Formation exhibit similarities in terms of the variety of microbial textures and fabrics. In addition, Utah has numerous examples of marine microbial carbonates and associated facies that are present in subsurface analog oil field cores.
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Lane, L. S. Bedrock geology, Mount Raymond, Yukon, NTS 116-I/8. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329963.

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The Mount Raymond map area incorporates the western limb of the Richardson anticlinorium, southern Richardson Mountains, northern Yukon. It is underlain by four Paleozoic sedimentary successions: middle Cambrian Slats Creek Formation, Cambrian to Early Devonian Road River Group, Devonian Canol Formation, and Late Devonian to Carboniferous Imperial and Tuttle formations. The Richardson trough depositional setting of the first three successions is succeeded by a deep-marine, turbiditic, Ellesmerian, orogenic foredeep setting for the Imperial-Tuttle succession. Several major thrust faults and related folds transect the map area from north to south. The carbonate-dominated Road River Group defines a west-dipping homocline, modified by the Mount Raymond thrust fault together with minor folds in its footwall. In the overlying Imperial-Tuttle succession, map-scale folds are defined where shales are interbedded with persistent sandstones. Steep reverse faults in the east may have reactivated Cambrian rift faults. The structural geometry reflects Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic regional Cordilleran tectonism.
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Lane, L. S., and M. P. Cecile. Bedrock geology, Mount Hare, Yukon, NTS 116-I/9. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/290067.

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The Mount Hare map area extends across the western limb of the Richardson anticlinorium in the southern Richardson Mountains, northern Yukon. It is underlain by four Paleozoic sedimentary successions: middle Cambrian Slats Creek Formation, middle Cambrian to Early Devonian Road River Group, Devonian Canol Formation, and Late Devonian to Carboniferous Imperial and Tuttle formations. The Richardson trough depositional setting of the first three successions is succeeded by a deep-marine, turbiditic Ellesmerian orogenic foredeep setting for the Imperial-Tuttle succession. The carbonate-dominated Road River Group defines a west-dipping homocline which is transected by oblique transverse faults in its upper part. In the overlying Imperial-Tuttle succession, map-scale folds can be defined where shales are interbedded with thick persistent sandstone units. The structural geometry reflects Cretaceous-Cenozoic regional Cordilleran tectonism.
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Kellett, D. A., and A. Zagorevski. Overlap assemblages: Laberge Group of the Whitehorse Trough, northern Canadian Cordillera. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326064.

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The Laberge Group was deposited during the Early to Middle Jurassic in a marginal marine environment, in the northern Canadian Cordillera. It occurs as a narrow, elongated siliciclastic unit along more than 600 km of strike length, overlapping the Intermontane terranes of southern Yukon and northwestern British Columbia. The Laberge Group was deposited on the Late Triassic Stuhini and Lewes River groups, a volcano-plutonic complex of the Stikine terrane (Stikinia), and, locally, the Kutcho Arc. It is overlain by Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous clastic units. The variations in clast composition and detrital zircon populations among these units indicate major changes in depositional environment, basin extent, and sources during the latest Triassic to Middle Jurassic. Detrital zircon populations are dominated by near contemporary Stuhini-Lewes River arc grains, consistent with dissection of an active arc. Detrital rutile and muscovite data show rapid cooling and exhumation of metamorphic rocks during the Early Jurassic. Thermochronological data indicate that basin thermal evolution was domainal, with at least five regional temperature-time histories.
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Composition and depositional environment of concretionary strata of early Cenomanian (early Late Cretaceous) age, Johnson County, Wyoming. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1917u.

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