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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser Molecular Interaction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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1

Kodama, R. "Study of X-ray laser interaction plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 10, no. 4 (December 1992): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004778.

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Atomic processes in X-ray laser interaction plasmas are investigated by using a collisional-radiative model. Population inversions on free-bound transitions can be produced by photoionization above a threshold of incident X-ray laser intensity and lead to stimulated free-bound emission (SFBE). Free-bound lasers pumped by intense X-ray lasers are proposed and their feasibility is investigated simply considering X-ray laser interaction plasmas.

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2

Holkundkar, Amol R., Gaurav Mishra, and N. K. Gupta. "Molecular dynamic simulation for laser–cluster interaction." Physics of Plasmas 18, no. 5 (May 2011): 053102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3581061.

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3

Drake, R. Paul. "Laser–plasma-interaction experiments using multikilojoule lasers." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 2 (May 1988): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003980.

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This paper summarizes the results of several laser–plasma-interaction experiments using multikilojoule lasers, and considers their implications for laser fusion. The experiments used 1·06-, 0·53-, 0·35-, and 0·26-μm light to produce relatively large, warm, planar plasmas and to study the effect of laser wavelength and density-gradient scale length on the Stimulated Raman Scattering and on the scattering of light at frequencies near the incident laser frequencey by Stimulated Brillouin Scattering or other processes. The results of these experiments suggest that some laser wavelength between 0·2 and 0·6 μm will be required for high-gain laser fusion.

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4

Lalanne, Jean Rene. "Laser‐Molecule Interaction." Optical Engineering 35, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 3642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.601119.

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5

Yin, C. P., S. T. Zhang, Y. W. Dong, Q. W. Ye, and Q. Li. "Molecular-dynamics study of multi-pulsed ultrafast laser interaction with copper." Advances in Production Engineering & Management 16, no. 4 (December 18, 2021): 457–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14743/apem2021.4.413.

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Ultrafast laser has an undeniable advantage in laser processing due to its extremely small pulse width and high peak energy. While the interaction of ultrafast laser and solid materials is an extremely non-equilibrium process in which the material undergoes phase transformation and even ablation in an extremely short time range. This is the coupling of the thermos elastic effect caused by the pressure wave and the superheated melting of the material lattice. To further explore the mechanism of the action of ultrafast laser and metal materials, the two-temperature model coupling with molecular dynamics method was used to simulate the interaction of the copper and laser energy. Firstly, the interaction of single-pulsed laser and copper film was reproduced, and the calculated two-temperature curve and the visualized atomic snapshots were used to investigate the influence of laser parameters on the ablation result. Then, by changing the size of the atomic system, the curve of ablation depth as a function of laser fluence was obtained. In this paper, the interaction of multi-pulsed laser and copper was calculated. Two-temperature curve and temperature contour of copper film after the irradiation of double-pulsed and multi-pulsed laser were obtained. And the factors which can make a difference to the incubation effect were analyzed. By calculating the ablation depth under the action of multi-pulsed laser, the influence of the incubation effect on ablation results was further explored. Finally, a more accurate numerical model of laser machining metal is established and verified by an ultra-short laser processing experiment, which provides a new calculation method and theoretical basis for ultra-fast laser machining of air film holes in aviation turbine blades, and has certain practical guiding significance for laser machining.

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6

Bobin, J. L. "Laser plasma interaction." Physica Scripta T30 (January 1, 1990): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1990/t30/012.

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7

Smarandache, Adriana. "Laser Beams Interaction with Polidocanol Foam: Molecular Background." Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 30, no. 5 (May 2012): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pho.2011.3187.

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8

Ashmarin, I. I., Yu A. Bykovskiĭ, B. S. Podol'skiĭ, M. M. Potapov, and A. A. Chistyakov. "Selective interaction of laser radiation with molecular crystals." Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics 15, no. 9 (September 30, 1985): 1259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe1985v015n09abeh007704.

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9

De Moor, Roeland Jozef Gentil, Jeroen Verheyen, Peter Verheyen, Andrii Diachuk, Maarten August Meire, Peter Jozef De Coster, Mieke De Bruyne, and Filip Keulemans. "Laser Teeth Bleaching: Evaluation of Eventual Side Effects on Enamel and the Pulp and the Efficiency In Vitro and In Vivo." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/835405.

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Light and heat increase the reactivity of hydrogen peroxide. There is no evidence that light activation (power bleaching with high-intensity light) results in a more effective bleaching with a longer lasting effect with high concentrated hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels. Laser light differs from conventional light as it requires a laser-target interaction. The interaction takes place in the first instance in the bleaching gel. The second interaction has to be induced in the tooth, more specifically in the dentine. There is evidence that interaction exists with the bleaching gel: photothermal, photocatalytical, and photochemical interactions are described. The reactivity of the gel is increased by adding photocatalyst of photosensitizers. Direct and effective photobleaching, that is, a direct interaction with the colour molecules in the dentine, however, is only possible with the argon (488 and 415 nm) and KTP laser (532 nm). A number of risks have been described such as heat generation. Nd:YAG and especially high power diode lasers present a risk with intrapulpal temperature elevation up to 22°C. Hypersensitivity is regularly encountered, being it of temporary occurrence except for a number of diode wavelengths and the Nd:YAG. The tooth surface remains intact after laser bleaching. At present, KTP laser is the most efficient dental bleaching wavelength.

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10

Fahdiran, Riser, and Herbert M. Urbassek. "Laser Ablation of Nanoparticles: A Molecular Dynamics Study." Advanced Materials Research 1112 (July 2015): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.120.

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We study laser ablation of nanoparticles (NPs). The interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with NPs brings the NP into a highly non-equilibrium state. Depending on the energy input from the laser, it will melt and may fragment and evaporate off atoms and clusters. We employ molecular dynamics simulation to study this interaction since thermodynamic properties can be extracted from output data of this simulation. The interatomic interaction is modeled by a Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential. The intensity of the laser is above the ablation threshold. The NP has been chosen to have a spherical shape with diameter 50 s in LJ units. The laser energy is given to the NP instantaneously at the beginning of the simulation and homogenously to all atoms; it corresponds to an energy input of 5.4 e per atom. The simulation is continued up to a time 200 t in LJ units. Temperature-density phase-space trajectories show that the nanoparticle density and temperature strongly decrease after the irradiation. The pressure in the sphere becomes strongly tensile after irradiation. The ablation proceeds by spallation of the irradiated cluster. We provide an analysis of the fragments produced by the ablation of the spherical NP. Our results are contrasted to the case of laser ablation of a thin-film target.

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11

Banks, H. I. B., D. A. Little, J. Tennyson, and A. Emmanouilidou. "Interaction of molecular nitrogen with free-electron-laser radiation." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 30 (2017): 19794–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp02345f.

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12

Psikal, J., O. Klimo, and J. Limpouch. "Simulations of femtosecond laser pulse interaction with spray target." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034614000032.

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AbstractLaser interactions with spray targets (clouds of submicron droplets) are studied here via numerical simulations using two-dimensional particle-in-cell codes. Our simulations demonstrate an efficient absorption of laser pulse energy inside the spray. The energy absorption efficiency depends on the inter-droplet distance, size of the cloud of droplets, and laser pulse intensity, as well as on the pre-evaporation of droplets due to laser pulse pedestal. We investigate in detail proton acceleration from the spray. Energy spectra of protons in various acceleration directions vary significantly depending on the density profile of the plasma created from the droplets and on laser intensity. The spray target can be alternative of foil targets for high intensity high repetition ultrahigh contrast femtosecond lasers. However, at intensities >1021 W/cm2, the efficiency of laser absorption and ion acceleration from the droplets drops significantly in contrast to foils.

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13

Huang, Hao, Yingjie Xu, Guofu Luo, Zhuobin Xie, and Wuyi Ming. "Molecular Dynamics Study of Laser Interaction with Nanoparticles in Liquids and Its Potential Application." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 1524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091524.

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Laser interaction with nanoparticles in liquid is the fundamental theoretical basis for many applications but it is still challenging to observe this nanoscale phenomenon within a few nanoseconds in liquid by experiment. The successful implementation of the two-temperature method integrated with molecular dynamics (TTM-MD) in laser interaction with bulk material has shown great potential in providing a panoramic view of the laser interaction with the nanoparticles. However, the current TTM-MD model has to divide the system into cubic cells, which leads to mistakes near the nanoparticle’s surface. We introduce the latest model, which performs the TTM-MD on each individual cluster instead of the cubic cells, and its high-performance parallel cluster analysis algorithm to update the cluster size. The cluster-based TTM-MD revealed the nanoparticle formation mechanism of laser fragmentation in liquid (LFL) and facilitated the study of laser fluence’s effect on the size distribution. In addition to LFL, this model is promising to be implemented in the laser thermal therapy of tumors, laser melting in liquid (LML), etc. Although cluster-based TTM-MD has proven to be a powerful tool for studying laser interaction with nanoparticles, a few challenges and future developments for the cluster-based TTM-MD, especially the ionization induced by femtosecond, are also discussed.

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14

Lamprou, Theocharis, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Stefan Haessler, Ioannis Liontos, Subhendu Kahaly, Javier Rivera-Dean, Philipp Stammer, et al. "Quantum-Optical Spectrometry in Relativistic Laser–Plasma Interactions Using the High-Harmonic Generation Process: A Proposal." Photonics 8, no. 6 (May 29, 2021): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060192.

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Quantum-optical spectrometry is a recently developed shot-to-shot photon correlation-based method, namely using a quantum spectrometer (QS), that has been used to reveal the quantum optical nature of intense laser–matter interactions and connect the research domains of quantum optics (QO) and strong laser-field physics (SLFP). The method provides the probability of absorbing photons from a driving laser field towards the generation of a strong laser–field interaction product, such as high-order harmonics. In this case, the harmonic spectrum is reflected in the photon number distribution of the infrared (IR) driving field after its interaction with the high harmonic generation medium. The method was implemented in non-relativistic interactions using high harmonics produced by the interaction of strong laser pulses with atoms and semiconductors. Very recently, it was used for the generation of non-classical light states in intense laser–atom interaction, building the basis for studies of quantum electrodynamics in strong laser-field physics and the development of a new class of non-classical light sources for applications in quantum technology. Here, after a brief introduction of the QS method, we will discuss how the QS can be applied in relativistic laser–plasma interactions and become the driving factor for initiating investigations on relativistic quantum electrodynamics.

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15

Renner, O., R. Liska, and F. B. Rosmej. "Laser-produced plasma-wall interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 4 (December 2009): 725–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609990504.

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AbstractJets of laser–generated plasma represent a flexible and well-defined model environment for investigation of plasma interactions with solid surfaces (walls). The pilot experiments carried out on the iodine laser system (5–200 J, 0.44 µm, 0.25–0.3 ns, <1×1016 W/cm2) at the PALS Research Centre in Prague are reported. Modification of macroscopic characteristics of the Al plasma jets produced at laser-irradiated double-foil Al/Mg targets is studied by high-resolution, high-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. The spatially variable, complex satellite structure observed in emission spectra of the Al Lyα group proves a formation of rather cold dense plasma at the laser-exploded Al foil, an occurrence of the hot plasma between both foils and subsequent thermalization, deceleration and trapping of Al ions in the colliding plasma close to the Mg foil surface. The spectra interpretation based on the collisional-radiative code is complemented by 1D and 2D hydrodynamic modeling of the plasma expansion and interaction of counter-propagating Al/Mg plasmas. The obtained results demonstrate a potential of high resolution X-ray diagnostics in investigation of the laser-produced plasma–wall interactions.

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16

BAUER, D. "Plasma formation through field ionization in intense laser–matter interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 4 (October 2003): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034603214026.

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Optical field ionization is the earliest and fastest plasma-generating process during the interaction of intense laser light with matter. By using short and rapidly rising laser pulses, the free electron density may turn from being transparent for an incoming laser pulse to reflective in less than half a laser cycle, that is, on a subfemtosecond timescale. Extremely nonlinear optical effects arise as a consequence of this. In this article, the basics of optical field ionization that are relevant in analytical or numerical studies of intense laser–matter interactions are reviewed. Several macroscopic effects of field ionization in the interaction of intense laser pulses with solid targets are briefly surveyed.

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17

JIN, BING, DONGSHENG WANG, and JIANYONG LIU. "UNUSUAL LASER-INDUCED ABSORPTIONS OF Ca+-FORMALDEHYDE: MOLECULAR ORBITAL INTERACTION." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 10, no. 03 (June 2011): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633611006499.

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We have theoretically studied the photodissociation spectroscopy of Ca +-formaldehyde complex using the TD-B2-PLYP method. The SDD pseudopotential and basis sets for Ca and 6-31++G (2df, 2pd) basis sets for C , H , and O atoms were employed in all calculations. In this way, we have reassigned the photodissociation spectroscopy of this complex. All experimentally observed spectral features can be well explained by our calculation. Besides the charge–dipole interaction, a strong molecule–orbital interaction also exists in the excited states and plays an important role in photoexcitation of the Ca+–CH2O complex.

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18

Phipps, Claude R., Leonid Zhigilei, Pavel Polynkin, Vitaly Gruzdev, Willy Bohn, and Stefan Scharring. "Laser interaction with materials: introduction." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 35, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): LIM1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.35.00lim1.

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19

DESAI, TARA. "High power laser interaction with clusters." Laser and Particle Beams 19, no. 1 (January 2001): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034601191263.

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Response of clusters to laser radiation depends on the laser parameters like wavelength, pulse duration, field, and so forth. At moderate laser intensities, I ∼ 1012 W/cm2, using a laser beam of wavelength 1.06 μm and 10-ns pulse duration, we have studied X-ray emission spectra from aluminum clusters of diameter 0.4 μm and gold clusters of 1.25 μm. Aluminum clusters show a different spectra compared to bulk material whereas gold clusters evolve towards bulk gold. Results are analyzed on the basis of cluster dimension, laser wavelength, and pulse duration. At higher laser intensities ≥1018 W/cm2, clusters undergo Coulomb explosion, giving rise to energetic electrons and ions. Here we discuss the possibility of harnessing these energetic particles for heating a small volume of the precompressed DT fuel to ignition condition relevant to fast ignition. Preliminary results are discussed.

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20

London, R. A., M. E. Glinsky, G. B. Zimmerman, D. S. Bailey, D. C. Eder, and S. L. Jacques. "Laser–tissue interaction modeling with LATIS." Applied Optics 36, no. 34 (December 1, 1997): 9068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.36.009068.

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21

De Leo, S., and P. Rotelli. "Laser interaction with a dielectric block." European Physical Journal D 61, no. 2 (December 3, 2010): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2010-10505-4.

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22

Geohegan, D. B., A. W. McCown, and J. G. Eden. "Interaction of ultraviolet laser radiation with a XeCl laser." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 2, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.2.000925.

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23

Liu, Gang, and Yi Ping Yao. "Large Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Femtosecond Laser Ablation of Silicon Using Sensing-VISICOM." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 1330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.1330.

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Silicon is widely used as substrate material for the fabrication of micro-electro and micromechanical components. Since silicon is very brittle, how to cut it into complex shapes remains a hot topic. Thanks to the small spot diameter, laser cutting is a promising alternative. However, during laser cutting, different kinds of defects can be generated depending on the beam-material interaction phenomena (ablation, melting, etc). Molecular Dynamics simulation is an effective way to study the beam-material interaction phenomena. Lots of work has been done to develop MD models of laser ablation of silicon. However, due to lack of support from high performance parallel simulation platform, the scale of the molecular systems is limited. This paper presents a component-based parallel simulation platform Sensing-VISICOM, for large scale molecular dynamics simulation. To test its runtime performance, a molecular system of femtosecond laser ablation of silicon is designed and implemented under Sensing-VISICOM. The results of the simulation show the platform can scales well to millions of atoms.

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24

Limpouch, J., L. Drska, and R. Liska. "Fokker–Planck simulations of interactions of femtosecond laser pulses with dense plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 12, no. 1 (March 1994): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007266.

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The interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with solid-state density plasmas in regime of normal skin effect is investigated by means of numerical simulation. For short-wavelength lasers and laser pulses with length ≲ 120 fs full width at half maximum, the regime of normal skin effect is shown to hold for peak intensities up to 1017 W/cm2. The basic characteristics of the interaction are revealed and certain departures from simplistic models in electron distribution function, in plasma dielectric constant, and in laser absorption are pointed out. Comparison with the published experimental results is made.

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25

Dromey, B., C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kar, S. Kneip, et al. "Third harmonic order imaging as a focal spot diagnostic for high intensity laser-solid interactions." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 2 (March 12, 2009): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609000329.

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AbstractAs the state of the art for high power laser systems increases from terawatt to petawatt level and beyond, a crucial parameter for routinely monitoring high intensity performance is laser spot size on a solid target during an intense interaction in the tight focus regime (<10 µm). Here we present a novel, simple technique for characterizing the spatial profile of such a laser focal spot by imaging the interaction region in third harmonic order (3ωlaser). Nearly linear intensity dependence of 3ωlaser generation for interactions >1019 Wcm−2 is demonstrated experimentally and shown to provide the basis for an effective focus diagnostic. Importantly, this technique is also shown to allow in-situ diagnosis of focal spot quality achieved after reflection from a double plasma mirror setup for very intense high contrast interactions (>1020 Wcm−2) an important application for the field of high laser contrast interaction science.

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26

Kline, J. L., D. S. Montgomery, C. Rousseaux, S. D. Baton, V. Tassin, R. A. Hardin, K. A. Flippo, et al. "Investigation of stimulated Raman scattering using a short-pulse diffraction limited laser beam near the instability threshold." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 1 (February 18, 2009): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609000251.

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AbstractShort pulse laser plasma interaction experiments using diffraction limited beams provide an excellent platform to investigate the fundamental physics of stimulated Raman scattering. Detailed understanding of these laser plasma instabilities impacts the current inertial confinement fusion ignition designs and could potentially impact fast ignition when higher energy lasers are used with longer pulse durations (>1 kJ and >1 ps). Using short laser pulses, experiments can be modeled over the entire interaction time of the laser using particle-in-cell codes to validate our understanding quantitatively. Experiments have been conducted at the Trident laser facility and the Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI) to investigate stimulated Raman scattering near the threshold of the instability using 527 nm and 1059 nm laser light, respectively, with 1.5–3.0 ps pulses. In both experiments, the interaction beam was focused into pre-ionized helium gas-jet plasma. Measurements of the reflectivity as a function of intensity and kλD were completed at the Trident laser facility, where k is the electron plasma wave number and λD is the plasma Debye length. At LULI, a 300 fs Thomson scattering probe is used to directly measure the density fluctuations of the driven electron plasma and ion acoustic waves. Work is currently underway comparing the results of the experiments with simulations using the VPIC particle-in-cell code. Details of the experimental results are presented in this manuscript.

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27

Wang, Jian, Guiqiu Wang, Shixuan Wang, He Yi, and Xin Gao. "3D Potential Simulation for H2⁺ ion Under a Strong Laser Field." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2464, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2464/1/012023.

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Abstract Potential is the most important quantity needed to be concerned in the study of interaction between projectile ion and target. On the one hand, it decides the total interaction course such as ion energy deposition and molecular Coulomb explosion and so on. On the other hand, under a strong laser field, the potential can be influenced by the laser. In this paper, the 3D potential is studied under a strong laser field for a hydrogen molecular ion in Al target. The simulation results show that the 3D potential is weakened by the laser intensity. Such results can provide references for correlated experiments and theoretical study.

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28

Wang, Xinwei. "Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Picosecond Laser Copper Interaction." Journal of Heat Transfer 126, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1725092.

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Thermal and thermomechanical phenomena in laser metal interaction are of great importance in terms of understanding the underlying mechanisms in laser materials processing, optimizing the efficiency of laser micro-machining, and minimizing laser induced damage. In this work, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is carried out to investigate picosecond laser copper interaction. A method has been developed to account for the laser beam absorption in, and the thermal transport sustained by, free electrons. Superheating is observed, and an evident temperature drop is revealed at the solid-liquid interface, which moves at a speed of 4400 m/s. However, the later phase change from solid to liquid happens in the target simultaneously and no visible movement of solid-liquid interface is observed. The results show that the laser induced stress wave consists of a strong compressive stress and a weak tensile stress. After reflection at the back side of the MD domain, the strong compressive stress becomes a strong tensile stress, which results in a visible drop of the number density of atoms. In the presence of this strong tensile stress, voids have formed in the region near the back side of the MD domain, indicating that the strong tensile stress in laser materials interaction plays an important role in terms of inducing structural damage.

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29

Daigle, Jean-François, Dominik Pudo, Francis Théberge, and Marc Châteauneuf. "Laser safety evaluation for high-energy laser interaction with solids." Optical Engineering 56, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 026106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.56.2.026106.

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30

Yang, Jinghui, Cuiying Huang, and Xinping Zhang. "Femtosecond Optical Annealing Induced Polymer Melting and Formation of Solid Droplets." Polymers 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2019): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010128.

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Interaction between femtosecond laser pulses with polymeric thin films induced transient optical annealing of the polymer molecules. Melting of the polymer films took place during the transient annealing process, so that a solid-liquid-solid phase transition process was observed. Ultrafast cooling of the melting polymer produced solidified droplets. Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization revealed that the polymer molecules were rearranged with preferable H-aggregation to reach the lowest formation energy during the melting process. Intermolecular coupling was enhanced due to the modified molecular arrangement. This observation of melting of polymeric semiconductors due to the interaction with femtosecond light pulses is potentially important for better understanding laser-matter interactions and for exploring organic optoelectronic devices through special material processing.

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31

Wang, Xinwei, and Xianfan Xu. "Nanoparticles Formed in Picosecond Laser Argon Crystal Interaction." Journal of Heat Transfer 125, no. 6 (November 19, 2003): 1147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1621898.

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In this work, Molecular Dynamics simulations are conducted to attain thermal and mechanical characteristics of nanoparticles formed in laser materials interaction. It reveals that nanoparticles originate from intense vapor phase explosion. A gas-like structure is observed in nanoparticles in the initial stage of formation. After a short time of evolution, a typical liquid structure is revealed in particles. As a direct consequence of atoms escaping from the particle surface, the temperature of nanoparticles reduces to an under-cooling point from the initial super-heating state. Furthermore, it indicates that movements of nanoparticles are dominated by those normal to the target surface.

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32

Yoneda, H., T. Miura, Y. Yokota, Y. Motoki, A. Sasaki, K. Ueda, and H. Takuma. "Bandwidth effects on laser–plasma interaction with a ¼-μm laser." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 1 (March 1993): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460000687x.

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Bandwidth effects on laser-plasma interaction were investigated with a ¼-μm laser. Planar targets were irradiated with a 1- to 40-cm–1 bandwidth laser at I = 1 × 1013–4 × 1015 W/cm2. Above 3 × 1013 W/cm2, stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) was observed with 1 cm–1 light. This process was strongly reduced with a 40-cm–1 light. Evolution of the convective SBS was studied with 1-D fluid simulation code. Bandwidth effect on the SBS growth was discussed to compare the theoretical prediction and experimental results. The scalelength dependence exists for the SBS reduction with a broadband laser.

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33

Offenberger, A. A., J. Santiago, M. Fujita, R. Fedosejevs, and W. Rozmus. "Stimulated scattering from laser produced plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 1-2 (January 1990): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007916.

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Stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering are of considerable interest because of their importance to basic nonlinear plasma physics phenomena and to laser-driven inertial confinement fusion. Induced scattering can be substantial for high intensity (I), long wavelength (λ) lasers because the instability growth rates depend exponentially on Jλ2, and also for short wavelength, long scalelength (L) laser/plasma interaction because of nearly homogeneous or large convective gain conditions. Experimental results from both KrF and CO2 laser/plasma interaction studies are presented to illustrate important wavelength dependent features of induced scattering such as the nature of the instability (absolute, convective), threshold, spectra, reflectivity and saturation effects. Backscattering characteristics have been measured for solid target plasmas (aluminum, gold) produced by KrF laser pulses focused to intensities <1014 W/cm2 and gas targets (hydrogen, oxygen) by CO2 laser pulses at intensities <1013 W/cm2. Collisional absorption dominates the KrF laser experiments, whereas particle heating and increased Landau damping dominate the CO2 laser experiments. Current theoretical work concerned with nonlinear effects in Langmuir wave localization, wave collapse and particle heating (generating characteristic high temperature electrons) is also presented.

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34

Magesh Kumar, K. K., M. Kumar, T. Yuan, Z. M. Sheng, and M. Chen. "Terahertz radiation from plasma filament generated by two-color laser gas–plasma interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 3 (June 10, 2015): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034615000518.

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AbstractWe develop a theoretical model for terahertz (THz) radiation generation, when an intense short laser pulse (ω1, k1) is mixed with its frequency shifted second harmonic (ω2, k2), where ω2 = 2ω1 + ωT and ωT is in the THz range in the plasma. The lasers exert a ponderomotive force on the electrons and drive density perturbations at (2ω1, 2k1) and (ω2 − ω1, k2 − k1). These density perturbations couple with the oscillatory velocities of the electron due to the lasers and produce a nonlinear current at (ω2 − 2ω1, k2 − 2k1). This current acts as an antenna to produce the THz radiation. The THz power depends upon the square of plasma density and $I_1^2 {I_2}$, where I1 and I2 are the intensities of fundamental and second harmonic laser. The radiation is mainly along the forward direction. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are used to study the near-field radiation properties.

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35

Kulakova, Liudmila A. "Acousto-optic interaction in nanodimensional laser heterostructures." Applied Optics 48, no. 6 (February 17, 2009): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.48.001128.

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36

Li, Qianni, Xinrong Xu, Yanbo Wu, Debin Zou, Yan Yin, and Tongpu Yu. "Generation of single circularly polarized attosecond pulses from near-critical density plasma irradiated by a two-color co-rotating circularly polarized laser." Optics Express 30, no. 22 (October 13, 2022): 40063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.472982.

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In this paper, a new method is proposed to efficiently generate a single intense attosecond pulse with circular polarization (CP) through the interaction of an intense driving laser with a near-critical density plasma target. The driving laser is composed of two co-rotating CP lasers with similar frequencies but different pulse widths. When the matching condition is satisfied, the combined field is modulated to a short intense pulse followed by a weak tail. The resulting laser falling edge becomes steeper than the initial sub-pulses, which induces a quick one-time oscillation of the target surface. Meanwhile, the tail guarantees the energy to be compressed simultaneously in both polarization directions to the same extent, so that a single CP attosecond pulse can be produced efficiently and robustly via our method, which has been confirmed through extensive numerical simulations. In addition, our method makes it possible to generate a single CP attosecond pulse even for multi-cycle pulses that are already available for existing laser systems. This provides a novel way to advance the investigation of chiral-sensitive light-matter interactions in attosecond scales.

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37

BATANI, DIMITRI, SABRINA BIAVA, SERGIO BITTANTI, and FABIO PREVIDI. "A cellular automaton model of laser–plasma interactions." Laser and Particle Beams 19, no. 4 (October 2001): 631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034601194103.

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This paper deals with the realization of a CA model of the physical interactions occurring when high-power laser pulses are focused on plasma targets. The low-level and microscopic physical laws of interactions among the plasma and the photons in the pulse are described. In particular, electron–electron interaction via the Coulomb force and photon–electron interaction due to ponderomotive forces are considered. Moreover, the dependence on time and space of the index of refraction is taken into account, as a consequence of electron motion in the plasma. Ions are considered as a fixed background. Simulations of these interactions are provided in different conditions and the macroscopic dynamics of the system, in agreement with the experimental behavior, are evidenced.

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Cai, Long, and Břetislav Friedrich. "Recurring Molecular Alignment Induced by Pulsed Nonresonant Laser Fields." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 66, no. 7 (2001): 991–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20010991.

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We examine the rotational wavepackets created by the nonadiabatic interaction of a linear molecule with a pulsed nonresonant laser field. We map out the recurrences of the wavepackets and of the concomitant alignment as a function of the duration and intensity of the laser pulse. We derive an analytic solution to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in the short-pulse limit and find it to agree quantitatively with our numerical computations. This indicates that the recurrences are favored under an impulsive transfer of action from the radiative field to the molecule. The recurring wavepackets afford field-free alignment of the molecular axis.

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Shirakawa, Masayuki, Takayoshi Kobayashi, and Eiji Tokunaga. "Solvent Effects in Highly Efficient Light-Induced Molecular Aggregation." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 5381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245381.

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It has been reported that when irradiated with laser light non-resonant with the main absorption peaks, porphyrin molecules (4-[10,15,20-tris(4-sulfophenyl)-21,24-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]benzenesulfonic acid, TPPS) in an aqueous solution become 10,000 to 100,000 times more efficient in light-induced molecular aggregation than expected from the ratio of gradient force potential to the thermal energy of molecules at room temperature. To determine the mechanism of this phenomenon, experiments on the light-induced aggregation of TPPS in alcohol solutions (methanol, ethanol, and butanol) were performed. In these alcohol solutions, the absorbance change was orders of magnitude smaller than in the aqueous solution. Furthermore, it was found that the absorbance change in the aqueous solution tended to be saturated with the increase of the irradiation intensity, but in the ethanol solution, the absorbance change increased linearly. These results can be qualitatively explained by the model in which intermolecular light-induced interactions between molecules within a close distance among randomly distributed molecules in the laser irradiation volume are highly relevant to the signal intensity. However, conventional dipole–dipole interactions, such as the Keesom interaction, are not quantitatively consistent with the results.

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40

SPRINGATE, E., J. W. G. TISCH, N. HAY, E. T. GUMBRELL, M. H. R. HUTCHINSON, and J. P. MARANGOS. "Ion energy measurements from the interaction of atomic and molecular clusters with intense femtosecond laser pulses." Laser and Particle Beams 18, no. 3 (July 2000): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600183223.

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We have measured multi-keV protons and ∼100 keV iodine ions from the interaction of intense, femtosecond laser pulses with atomic Xe clusters and mixed-species HI clusters. The explosion dynamics of the HI clusters differs from the pure H and I cluster cases, with the iodine energies being substantially reduced. Mixed-species clusters provide a possible route for boosting the explosion energies of low-Z ions, and extend the advantages of the laser-cluster interaction to species that do not readily form pure clusters.

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Lee, Dongkyoung, and Jyotirmoy Mazumder. "Effects of laser beam spatial distribution on laser-material interaction." Journal of Laser Applications 28, no. 3 (August 2016): 032003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.4947096.

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42

Chaurasia, S., D. S. Munda, P. Ayyub, N. Kulkarni, N. K. Gupta, and L. J. Dhareshwar. "Laser plasma interaction in copper nano-particle targets." Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 3 (July 29, 2008): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034608000487.

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AbstractIn this paper, we present the results of studies on ion emission characteristics of a laser plasma produced from a copper nano-particle layer of 1–3 µm thickness coated over polished surface of a solid copper target. Laser intensity of 1013–1014 W/cm2 was produced on the targets by a 2 J Nd:glass laser having a variable pulse duration of 300–800 ps. Nano-particle size was in the range of 15–25 nm. Ion emission from the nano-particle plasma was compared with plasma generated from a polished copper target. Ion emission from the nano-structured target was observed to depend on the polarization of the incident laser beam. This effect was stronger for a shorter laser pulse. X-ray emission was measured in the soft and hard X-ray region (0.7 to 8 keV) using various X-ray filters. A nano-particle coated target is found to yield a larger flux as well as velocity of ions as compared to polished target when the laser polarization is parallel to the plane containing target normal and detector axis. However, no X-ray enhancement has been observed in the wavelength range 1.5 to 20 Å.

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Varmazyar, Parvin, Saeed Mirzanejhad, and Maisam Taghipour. "Laser polarization effect on ion acceleration in laser-cluster interaction." Optik 224 (December 2020): 165460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165460.

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Gilath, Irith, Shalom Eliezer, Shalom Eliezer, and Tuvia Bar. "Hemispherical shock wave decay in laser-matter interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 1 (March 1993): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007060.

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A high-irradiance short pulsed laser was used to generate hemispherical shock waves in planar targets. A linear relationship was obtained between the laser energy for threshold spall conditions (EL) and the cubic target thickness (d): EL = 45.3d3 + 4.9, where EL is in J and d is in mm. It is found that the laser-induced ablation pressure decays with the distance to a power slightly greater than 2.

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Körmendi, F. F. "Kinematical relations at nonlinear laser field: Free electron interactions." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 3 (September 1990): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600008685.

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Kinematical relations of nonlinear interaction of laser beams with free charged particles are analyzed. General expressions are found for the number of scattered photons as a function of the number of simultaneously absorbed and/or emitted photons and the kinetic parameters of the charged particle-photon system. The results are applied to the processes of particle acceleration by lasers, frequency conversion, solitonic propagation, and others.

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Offenberger, A. A., and R. Fedosejevs. "KrF laser produced plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 7, no. 3 (August 1989): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007357.

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KrF and other short wavelength lasers are ideal candidates for producing hot dense plasmas since the laser energy can be absorbed with high efficiency by classical mechanisms, thereby virtually eliminating anomalous absorption and the production of non-thermal electrons. A high power KrF laser system employing optical beam multiplexing and stimulated Brillouin scattering to produce pulses as short as 1 ns and focused intensities on target of 1011−1014 W/cm2 has been developed for producing such plasmas and studying laser/plasma interaction phenomena. A variety of studies on absorption, transport, ablation, X-ray conversion and stimulated scattering instabilities have been pursued with this ¼ μm laser on single atomic number and multi-layer targets. This paper briefly describes some of the features of the KrF laser system and highlights some of the characteristics of the hot dense plasmas produced.

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Faenov, A. Ya, A. I. Magunov, T. A. Pikuz, I. Yu Skobelev, D. Giulietti, S. Betti, M. Galimberti, et al. "Non-adiabatic cluster expansion after ultrashort laser interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 1 (March 2008): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034608000104.

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AbstractWe used X-ray spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for investigating the properties of laser-cluster interactions at the stage in which non-adiabatic cluster expansion takes place and a quasi-homogeneous plasma is produced. The experiment was carried out with a 10 TW, 65 fs Ti:Sa laser focused on CO2 cluster jets. The effect of different laser-pulse contrast ratios and cluster concentrations was investigated. The X-ray emission associated to the Rydberg transitions allowed us to retrieve, through the density and temperature of the emitting plasma, the time after the beginning of the interaction at which the emission occurred. The comparison of this value with the estimated time for the “homogeneous” plasma formation shows that the degree of adiabaticity depends on both the cluster concentration and the pulse contrast. Interferometric measurements support the X-ray data concerning the plasma electron density.

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Mirzanejhad, S., J. Babaei, and R. Nasrollahpour. "Electron sheath dynamic in the laser–foil interaction." Laser and Particle Beams 34, no. 3 (June 20, 2016): 440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034616000331.

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AbstractIn the interaction of ultra-short and ultra-intense high contrast laser pulse with a dense foil, accelerating electron sheath is formed. The dynamic of this sheath is obtained according to the ponderomotive force of the laser pulse and restoring electrostatic force of the stationary heavy ions. In the transient dynamics, maximum electron sheath displacement is obtained for different interaction parameters. This maximum displacement has an important effect in the explanation of the electron blow out condition. It is shown numerically that the electron sheath maximum displacement increases with increasing laser pulse amplitude or decreasing its rise time, or by decreasing plasma electron density. Recently, backward MeV acceleration of electrons in the interaction of intense laser pulse with solid targets was observed. The ponderomotive force of the compressed reflected laser pulse includes in our formalism and is used for explanation of the electron's backward acceleration. The threshold values of the interaction parameters for the occurrence of this phenomenon are considered. The electron blow out condition and backward acceleration are accompanied with numerical modeling and 1D3V, particle-in-cell simulation code.

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Xia, Xiongping, Zebin Cai, and Lin Yi. "The splitted beam profile of laser beam in the interaction of intense lasers with overdense plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 29, no. 2 (March 22, 2011): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034611000073.

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AbstractIn this paper, the interaction of intense lasers with overdense plasmas is investigated. Based on the modified nonlinear wave equation describing the interaction of intense laser and overdense plasmas in nonparaxial region, due to the influence of off-axis components a2 and a4 in nonparaxial region, we first find the three-splitted laser beam intensity profile, besides, discuss detailed the forming mathematic and some possible physical conditions of the single highly self-focusing beam profile, two-splitted beam, and three-splitted beam profile. In addition, we also investigate the influence of the parameters βE02 and ρ2 on splitted beam profiles.

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Holkundkar, Amol R. "Parallel implementation of three-dimensional molecular dynamic simulation for laser-cluster interaction." Physics of Plasmas 20, no. 11 (November 2013): 113110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4835195.

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