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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser machining'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Laser machining.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Hidai, Hirofumi, and Keiji Yamada. "Special Issue on Laser Machining." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 6 (November 4, 2016): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0853.

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Laser machining is widely applied in manufacturing processes thanks to the laser oscillator’s improved stability and to the emergence of new laser types. Laser machining has gone from microscale applications, such as semiconductor dicing to large-scale applications such as automobile-body welding, and laser power now ranges from several watts to several kilowatts. Machining tasks using lasers have expanded from conventional drilling, cutting, and welding to additive manufacturing, the internal machining of transparent materials, and surface texturing. Understanding these processes comprehensively requires that we study individual elements such as oscillators, focal optics, scanners and stages, and numerical control. This special issue features 13 research articles – one review and 12 papers – related to the most recent advances in laser machining. Their subjects cover the various machining processes of drilling, deposition, welding, photo curing, texturing, and annealing on the latest laser machines and in the newest applications. We deeply appreciate the careful work of all the authors and thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts. Without these contributions, this special issue could not have been created. We also hope that this special issue will trigger further research on laser machining advances.

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2

HIRAMOTO, SEIGO. "Laser beam machining." Review of Laser Engineering 21, no. 1 (1993): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.21.183.

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3

KAWAMURA, Yoshiyuki. "Laser Lathe Machining." Review of Laser Engineering 24, no. 4 (1996): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.460.

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4

Zhu, Hao, Jun Wang, Wei Yi Li, and Huai Zhong Li. "Microgrooving of Germanium Wafers Using Laser and Hybrid Laser-Waterjet Technologies." Advanced Materials Research 1017 (September 2014): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1017.193.

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Lasers have the potential for the micromachining of germanium (Ge). However, the thermal damages associated with the laser machining process need to be properly controlled. To minimize the thermal damages, a hybrid laser-waterjet ablation technology has recently been developed for micromachining. This paper presents an experimental study to assess the machining performances in microgrooving of Ge by using a nanosecond laser and the hybrid laser-waterjet technology. The effects of laser pulse energy, pulse overlap and focal plane position on the groove geometry and heat affected zone (HAZ) size are analyzed and discussed. It is shown that the hybrid laser-waterjet technology can give rise to narrow and deep microgrooves with minimum HAZ.

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5

Cui, Jianlei. "Special Issue on Laser Micro/Nano Machining Technology." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 13013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122413013.

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6

Mehra, Rahul, and Santosh Kumar. "A Review on Lasers Assisted Machining Methods – Types, Mode of Operations, Comparison and Applications." CGC International Journal of Contemporary Technology and Research 4, no. 2 (August 5, 2022): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46860/cgcijctr.2022.07.31.307.

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Materials having high hardness and difficult to cut are becoming more popular in distinct industries such as automobile, aerospace, medical, construction, nuclear, sports and others. Because, hard and difficult to cut materials offered high strength to weight ratio, high resistance against wear, high yield strength, high resistance against corrosion, and ability to retain high strength at elevated temperature. However, the machining of hard and difficult to cut material poses a serious challenge owing to severe tool wear and higher cutting force involved. To overcome this, Laser assisted machining (LAM) has shown to be one of the most promising technologies for cutting difficult-to-cut materials. Hence, the aim of current review paper is to provide an overview on LAM, historical background, basic phenomena of laser generation, properties of lasers, generalized concept of laser- material interaction, types of lasers, distinct modes of laser operations and applications. Finally, the recent advances in laser assisted machining are discussed.

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7

Yuan, Gen Fu, Wei Zheng, Xue Hui Chen, and Yu Ping Ma. "Research Progress of Laser Assisted Liquid Compound Machining." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 3750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.3750.

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Laser combined machining is a complex machining method which utilizes the combined effect of various forms of energy to achieve a material processing. High manufacturing quality and surface accuracy, and machining efficiency can be achieved. The research progress in the area of laser combined other machine processes is reviewed. Several methods of laser combined machining are introduced and their characteristics and applications from the point of the laser assisted liquid machining are investigated. For example, laser assisted wet etching and laser assisted jet electrochemical machining, and waterjet-guided laser machining are reported. The experimental and theoretical studies of the technologies to improve the machining performance are discussed. Finally, the existing problems and the future research directions of the laser compound processing are put forward .

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8

Chryssolouris, G. "Sensors in Laser Machining." CIRP Annals 43, no. 2 (1994): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)60497-1.

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9

HOTTA, Hirofumi, and Junichi IKENO. "Three Dimensional Laser Machining of Glass : Laser Machining Characteristics of Photosensitive Glass." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2002.4 (2002): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2002.4.161.

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10

You, Dong-Bin, Jun-Han Park, Bo-Seok Kang, Dan-Hee Yun, and Bo Sung Shin. "A Fundamental Study of a Surface Modification on Silicon Wafer Using Direct Laser Interference Patterning with 355-nm UV Laser." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3658.

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The growing need for precision machining, which is difficult to achieve using conventional mechanical machining techniques, has fueled interest in laser patterning. Ultraviolet (UV) pulsed-lasers have been used in various applications, including the micro machining of polymers and metals. In this study, we investigated direct laser interference patterning of a silicon waver using a third-harmonic diode-pumped solid-state UV laser with a wavelength of 355 nm. Direct laser lithography is much more simple process compare to other submicro processing method. We have studied interference patterning for silicon wafers as a basic research for direct laser interference patterning on wafer surfaces without mask. And Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed for a 150° biprism using modeling software (COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4) to determine changes in the periodic patterns according to the focusing distance in the direct interference lithography experiment. In further study, we expect this technique to be applied to direct laser interference lithography on metals.

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11

Yin, Yisheng, Chengrui Zhang, Tieshuang Zhu, Liangcheng Qu, and Geng Chen. "Development of a Laser Scanning Machining System Supporting On-the-Fly Machining and Laser Power Follow-Up Adjustment." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 5479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165479.

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In this study, a laser scanning machining system supporting on-the-fly machining and laser power follow-up adjustment was developed to address the increasing demands for high-speed, wide-area, and high-quality laser scanning machining. The developed laser scanning machining system is based on the two-master and multi-slave architecture with synchronization mechanism, and realizes the integrated and synchronous collaborative control of the motion stage or robot, the galvanometer scanner, and the laser over standard industrial ethernet networks. The galvanometer scanner can be connected to the industrial ethernet topology as a node, via the self-developed galvanometer scanner control gateway module, and a “one-transmission and multiple-conversion” approach is proposed to ensure real-time ability and synchronization. The proposal of a laser power follow-up adjustment approach could realize real-time synchronous modulation of the laser power, along with the motion of the galvanometer scanner, which is conducive to ensuring the machining quality. In addition, machining software was developed to realize timesaving and high-quality laser scanning machining. The feasibility and practicability of this laser scanning machining system were verified using specific cases. Results showed that the proposed system overcame the limitation of working field size and isolation between the galvanometer scanner controller with the stage motion controller, and achieved high-speed and efficient laser scanning machining for both large-area consecutively and discontinuously arrayed patterns. Moreover, the integration of laser power follow-up adjustment into the system was conducive to ensuring welding quality and inhibiting welding defects. The proposed system paves the way for high-speed, wide-area, and high-quality laser scanning machining and provides technical convenience and cost advantages for customized laser-processing applications, exhibiting great research value and application potential in the field of material processing engineering.

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12

Chryssolouris, G., N. Anifantis, and S. Karagiannis. "Laser Assisted Machining: An Overview." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 119, no. 4B (November 1, 1997): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836822.

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Since laser technology has considerable synergy with machining technologies, Laser Machining (LM) and Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) are relevant research topics. This paper attempts to give an overview of recent developments and research trends. Although scientific work on this area has contributed to the understanding of the process, there are still unresolved problems regarding the limitations of the techniques, optimum machining conditions, etc. The outcome of experimental investigations on LAM shows potential applications for this process but there are several issues to be resolved.

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13

Yang, Yong, Yufeng Wang, Yujie Gui, and Wenwu Zhang. "Fabrication of Microgrooves by Synchronous Hybrid Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Milling." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 7714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247714.

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The fabrication of deep microgrooves has become an issue that needs to be addressed with the introduction of difficult-to-cut materials and ever-increasing stringent quality requirements. However, both laser machining and electrochemical machining could not fulfill the requirements of high machining efficiency and precision with good surface quality. In this paper, laser and shaped tube electrochemical milling (Laser-STEM) were initially employed to fabricate microgrooves. The mechanisms of the Laser-STEM process were studied theoretically and experimentally. With the developed experimental setup, the influences of laser power and voltage on the width, depth and bottom surface roughness of the fabricated microgrooves were studied. Results have shown a laser power of less than 6 W could enhance the electrochemical machining rate without forming a deep kerf at the bottom during Laser-STEM. The machining accuracy or localization of electrochemicals could be improved with laser assistance, whilst the laser with a high-power density would deteriorate the surface roughness of the bottom machining area. Experimental results have proved that both the machining efficiency and the machining precision can be enhanced by synchronous laser-assisted STEM, compared with that of pure electrochemical milling. The machining side gap was decreased by 62.5% while using a laser power of 6 W in Laser-STEM. The laser-assistance effects were beneficial to reduce the surface roughness of the microgrooves machined by Laser-STEM, with the proper voltage. A laser power of 3 W was preferred to obtain the smallest surface roughness value. Additionally, the machining efficiency of layer-by-layer Laser-STEM can be improved utilizing a constant layer thickness (CLT) mode, while fabricating microgrooves with a high aspect ratio. Finally, microgrooves with a width of 1.79 mm, a depth of 6.49 mm and a surface roughness of 2.5 μm were successfully fabricated.

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14

Warap, N. M., Zazuli Mohid, and Erween Abdul Rahim. "Laser Assisted Machining of Titanium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 763 (July 2013): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.763.91.

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Laser assisted machining is categorized in preheat machining process. The laser beam used to heat up work materials is very flexible in providing a localized heat area. However the combination between two processes which has totally different fundamental has contributed to complex processing characteristics. In the case of hard to machined metal processing, problems in surface integrity and accuracy are frequently arise. Tool ware and work material properties changes are some of the issue that drove engineers and researchers to seek for optimized processing parameters. This chapter introduces resent finding in research done on laser assisted machining (LAM). Focus is given on laser assisted mechanical machining consist of laser assisted milling (LAM) and laser assisted turning (LAT).

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15

OKAMOTO, Y., N. KATAOKA, Y. UNO, I. TANINO, and S. NAKASHIBA. "Machining Characteristics of Aluminum Nitride by Harmonics of Nd:YAG Laser(Laser processing)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.1 (2005): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.1.269.

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16

Li, Xiao Hai, Shu Ming Wang, and Bei Bei Xue. "Technology of Electrochemical Micromachining Based on Surface Modification by Fiber Laser on Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.67.

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In order to fabricate the micro cavity with complex structure on stainless steel, the technology of micro electrochemical machining based on surface modification by fiber laser is adopted. Heating scan on the surface of 304 stainless steel by using fiber laser can realize marking. In the process of laser heating and metal melting on the surface of 304 stainless steel, oxide layer can be formed and phase transformation can also occur, and the corrosion resistance layer with predefined pattern is formed. In the next process of micro electrochemical machining, the laser masking layer severs as the protective layer to realize micro machining of micro cavity. A newly developed device of electrochemical micro machining based on surface modification by fiber laser can meet the micro machining requirement. After laser masking processing through laser scanning on the surface of the 304 stainless steel, the passivation electrolyte and high-frequence-pulse electrochemical machining power supply were adopted, and the samples with typical structures by using electrochemical micromachining with fiber laser masking were fabricated.

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17

Kim, Eun, and Choon Lee. "A Study on the Machining Characteristics of Curved Workpiece Using Laser-Assisted Milling with Different Tool Paths in Inconel 718." Metals 8, no. 11 (November 20, 2018): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110968.

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Difficult-to-cut materials are being increasingly used in many industries because of their superior properties, including high corrosion resistance, heat resistance and specific strength. However, these same properties make the materials difficult to machine using conventional machining techniques. Laser-assisted milling (LAM) is one of the effective method for machining difficult-to-cut materials. In laser-assisted milling, the machining occur after the workpiece is locally preheated using a laser heat source. Laser-assisted milling has been studied by many researchers on flat workpiece or micro end-milling. However, there is no research on the curved shape using laser assisted milling. This study investigated the use of laser-assisted milling to machine a three-dimensional curved shape workpiece based on NURBS (Non-uniform rational b-spline). A machining experiment was performed on Inconel 718 using different tool paths (ramping, contouring) under various machining conditions. Finite elements analysis was conducted to determine the depth of cut. Cutting force, specific cutting energy and surface roughness characteristics were measured, analyzed and compared for conventional and LAM machining. LAM significantly improved these machining characteristics, compared to conventional machining. There results can be applied to the laser-assisted milling of various three-dimensional shapes.

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18

Cui, Jianlei, Xuyang Fang, Xiangyang Dong, Xuesong Mei, Kaida Xu, Zhengjie Fan, Zheng Sun, and Wenjun Wang. "Fabrication of PCD Skiving Cutter by UV Nanosecond Laser." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 4027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14144027.

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Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) skiving cutter has dominated research in recent years. However, the traditional methods of fabrication have failed to cut the diamond with high quality. We propose the two-step laser machining process combining roughing machining with orthogonal irradiation and finishing machining with tangential irradiation. In addition, the processing effect and mechanism of different lasers on the diamond were investigated by a finite element analysis. It’s proved that the ultraviolet nanosecond laser is an excellent machining method for the processing of diamond. Furthermore, the effect of the processing parameters on the contour accuracy (Rt) was studied. The result indicates that the Rt value decreases first and then increases as the increase of the line interval, scanning speed and defocusing amount (no matter positive or negative defocus). Further, Raman spectroscopy was applied to characterize the diamond surface under different cutting methods and the flank face of the tool after processing. Finally, a high-quality PCD skiving cutter was obtained with an Rt of 5.6 µm and no phase transition damage.

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19

KAKIZAKI, Katsuyuki. "Machining and profiling with laser." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 55, no. 2 (1989): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.55.250.

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20

Zvezdin, V. V., R. M. Khisamutdinov, V. A. Grechishnikov, R. R. Saubanov, I. Kh Israfilov, S. M. Portnov, and S. Yu Yurasov. "Laser Machining of Tool Steels." Russian Engineering Research 38, no. 12 (December 2018): 1038–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x18120213.

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21

Lukovics, Imrich, and Martina Malachova. "Laser Machining of Chosen Materials." Manufacturing Technology 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/x.2012/a/1213-2489/mt/12/1/38.

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22

Klein, R. M., M. Dahmen, H. Pütz, C. Möhlmann, R. Schloms, and W. Zschiesche. "Workplace exposure during laser machining." Journal of Laser Applications 10, no. 3 (June 1998): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.521834.

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23

Kharche, Prashant P., and Vijay H. Patil. "Laser Beam Machining - An Overview." International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science 6, no. 10 (August 24, 2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.46335/ijies.2021.6.10.35.

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24

Hidai, Hirofumi, Souta Matsusaka, Akira Chiba, and Noboru Morita. "B36 Laser machining of glass." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2014.10 (2014): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2014.10.121.

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25

Tan *, B., and K. Venkatakrishnan. "Dual-focus laser micro-machining." Journal of Modern Optics 52, no. 17 (November 20, 2005): 2603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340500227745.

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26

Dubey, Avanish Kumar, and Vinod Yadava. "Laser beam machining—A review." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 48, no. 6 (May 2008): 609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2007.10.017.

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27

Tang, Yaxin. "LASER ENHANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING PROCESS." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 17, no. 6 (January 12, 2002): 789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/amp-120016057.

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28

Huang, Jin-Xia, and Yao-Xiong Huang. "Nd:YAG laser machining of bioceramics." Current Applied Physics 7 (April 2007): e45-e48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2006.11.013.

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29

Fukuta, Satoshi, Masaki Nomura, Takeshi Ikeda, Masaki Yoshizawa, Mariko Yamasaki, and Yasutoshi Sasaki. "UV laser machining of wood." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 74, no. 2 (February 2, 2016): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-016-1010-9.

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30

Kiselev, D., L. Woeste, and J. P. Wolf. "Filament-induced laser machining (FILM)." Applied Physics B 100, no. 3 (June 30, 2010): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4102-y.

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31

Sheng, P. S., and Ko-Wang Liu. "Laser Machining for Secondary Finishing Applications." Journal of Engineering for Industry 117, no. 4 (November 1, 1995): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2803543.

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A laser-based technique for finishing axisymmetric parts is presented which allows the efficient finishing of polymers and ceramics without tool wear, tool breakage, or cutting forces. In this process, a laser beam impinges tangentially onto the surface of a cylindrical workpiece. A flexible machine tool can be developed to grind parts of differing geometries and materials by changing process parameters instead of setups or machines, as well as integrate primary machining and secondary finishing in one machine tool. The precision of laser finishing can be enhanced by using oblique beam impingement angles. Initial results show that Ra values less than 1 μm can be achieved on PMMA workpieces with a fixed beam. This paper presents the elements of the laser machine tool and preliminary results on parametric dependencies for laser finishing of polymer workpieces.

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32

BLOEMBERGEN, N. "LASER TECHNOLOGY IN PEACE AND WAR." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 26 (October 30, 2004): 3373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204026640.

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Lasers emit light with a very high degree of monochromaticity, directionality and intensity. They can produce much higher intensities than incoherent light sources, such as incandescent lamps, fluorescent tubes and arcs. The first operating laser was realized in 1960, and much early research was funded by military agencies, but at the present time the commercial laser market is four times as large as the military market. Most applications of lasers are for peaceful purposes. Among the most important of these are fiber-optic communications and laser surgery. Other applications include laser printing, laser machining, construction alignment, and data storage on CD disks. Some military uses of lasers are also reviewed.

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33

Ha, Jae-Hyeon, and Choon-Man Lee. "A Study on the Thermal Effect by Multi Heat Sources and Machining Characteristics of Laser and Induction Assisted Milling." Materials 12, no. 7 (March 28, 2019): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071032.

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Thermally assisted machining (TAM) is an effective method for difficult-to-cut materials, and works by locally preheating the workpiece using various heat sources, such as laser, induction, and plasma. Recently, many researchers have studied TAM because of its low manufacturing costs, high productivity, and quality of materials. Laser assisted machining (LAM) has been studied by many researchers, but studies on TAM using induction or plasma heat sources, which are much cheaper than lasers, have been carried out by only a few researchers. Lasers have an excellent preheating effect, but are expensive, and the temperature of the heated workpiece drops quickly. Here, multi heat sources were used to solve the shortage in supplied heat source with a single heat source. Induction was applied as an additional heat source. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal effect and temperature distribution of single heat source and multi heat sources, and compare the machining characteristics according to heat source types. In order to analyze the preheating effect according to the feed rate of the heat sources, a temperature measurement experiment using thermocouples was carried out, and the efficiency of the thermal effect using multi heat sources was verified. In addition, the effectiveness of the thermal analysis results was verified by comparison with the measured temperature distribution. The machining characteristics of Inconel 718 and Ti-6Al-4V with laser, induction, and laser-induction assisted milling (LIAMill) were analyzed, by cutting force and surface roughness.

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34

Nistoroschi, Giorgiana, and Gheorghe Bosoancă. "Workpiece Clamping at Laser Beam Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 371 (August 2013): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.371.295.

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The laser beam could be obtained by means of a laser diode. The amplification process develops inside the optical fiber. In the laboratory for nonconventional technologies from the Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași, there is an ytterbium fiber laser equipment able to ensure conditions for obtaining a laser spot having a diameter of 30 μm diameter and a wavelength of 1070 nm. This paper purpose is to highlight the solutions that we may consider for a workpiece clamping device. On the bases of the general known information concerning the devices used in order to machine workpieces on machine tools, an ideas diagram was elaborated. Finally, a device practical solution was designed and materialized, this device was used in order to develop some experimental researches.

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35

Mosel, Philip, Pranitha Sankar, Jan Friedrich Düsing, Günter Dittmar, Thomas Püster, Peter Jäschke, Jan-Willem Vahlbruch, Uwe Morgner, and Milutin Kovacev. "X-ray Dose Rate and Spectral Measurements during Ultrafast Laser Machining Using a Calibrated (High-Sensitivity) Novel X-ray Detector." Materials 14, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 4397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164397.

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Ultrashort pulse laser machining is subject to increase the processing speeds by scaling average power and pulse repetition rate, accompanied with higher dose rates of X-ray emission generated during laser–matter interaction. In particular, the X-ray energy range below 10 keV is rarely studied in a quantitative approach. We present measurements with a novel calibrated X-ray detector in the detection range of 2–20 keV and show the dependence of X-ray radiation dose rates and the spectral emissions for different laser parameters from frequently used metals, alloys, and ceramics for ultrafast laser machining. Our investigations include the dose rate dependence on various laser parameters available in ultrafast laser laboratories as well as on industrial laser systems. The measured X-ray dose rates for high repetition rate lasers with different materials definitely exceed the legal limitations in the absence of radiation shielding.

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36

Machan, Jason, Marcy Valley, Gerry Holleman, Marc Mitchell, Dave Burchman, Jim Zamel, George Harpole, Hagop Injeyan, and Len Marabella. "Diode‐pumped Nd:YAG laser for precision laser machining." Journal of Laser Applications 8, no. 5 (October 1996): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.4745426.

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37

Surdo, Salvatore, Alessandro Zunino, Alberto Diaspro, and Martí Duocastella. "Acoustically-shaped laser: a machining tool for Industry 4.0." ACTA IMEKO 9, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i4.740.

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The high versatility of laser direct-write (LDW) systems offers remarkable opportunities for Industry 4.0. However, the inherent serial nature of LDW systems can seriously constrain manufacturing throughput and, consequently, the industrial scalability of this technology. Here we present a method to parallelise LDWs by using acoustically shaped laser light. We use an acousto-optofluidic (AOF) cavity to generate acoustic waves in a liquid, causing periodic modulations of its refractive index. Such an acoustically controlled optical medium diffracts the incident laser beam into multiple beamlets that, operating in parallel, result in enhanced processing throughput. In addition, the beamlets can interfere mutually, generating an intensity pattern suitable for processing an entire area with a single irradiation. By controlling the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the acoustic waves, customised patterns can be directly engraved into different materials (silicon, chromium, and epoxy) of industrial interest. The integration of the AOF technology into an LDW system, connected to a wired-network, results into a cyber-physical system (CPS) for advanced and high-throughput laser manufacturing. A proof of concept for the computational ability of the CPS is given by monitoring the fidelity between a physical laser-ablated pattern and its digital avatar. As our results demonstrate, the AOF technology can broaden the usage of lasers as machine tools for industry 4.0

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38

SUZUKI, Ryo, Jiang ZHU, Tomohisa TANAKA, and Yoshio SAITO. "E20 Excimer Laser 3D Machining Based on Irradiation Pulse Number Control(Laser processing)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2009.5 (2009): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2009.5.581.

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39

Shao, Kun, Qunlin Zhou, Qingshan Chen, Yi Liu, Chenfang Wang, and Xiang Li. "Research Progress of Water–Laser Compound Machining Technology." Coatings 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2022): 1887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121887.

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As an emerging industry, laser processing technology has developed rapidly and has gradually become a key technology in transforming traditional manufacturing. It has been widely used in various fields such as industrial production, communication technology, information processing, health care, military, and scientific research. The application and development of laser processing technology is restricted by thermal damage and the processing residues existing in traditional laser processing. However, water laser compound machining can better solve the above-mentioned problems. In water laser compound machining , heat and byproducts can be absorbed and taken away by water to improve processing quality. This paper expounds and analyzes the principles and research of three popular water laser compound machining methods (water-guided laser processing, underwater laser processing and water-jet-assisted laser processing). Furthermore, this paper analyzes the technical difficulties in water laser compound machining and looks forward to the future development trends of this technology.

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Joy, Nithin, and Anne-Marie Kietzig. "In Situ Collection of Nanoparticles during Femtosecond Laser Machining in Air." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092264.

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Nanoparticles generated during laser material processing are often seen as annoying side products, yet they might find useful application upon proper collection. We present a parametric study to identify the dominant factors in nanoparticle removal and collection with the goal of establishing an in situ removal method during femtosecond laser machining. Several target materials of different electrical resistivity, such as Cu, Ti, and Si were laser machined at a relatively high laser fluence. Machining was performed under three different charge conditions, i.e., machining without an externally applied charge (alike atmospheric pulsed laser deposition (PLD)) was compared to machining with a floating potential and with an applied field. Thereby, we investigated the influence of three different charge conditions on the behavior of laser-generated nanoparticles, in particular considering plume deflection, nanoparticle accumulation on a collector plate and their redeposition onto the target. We found that both strategies, machining under a floating potential or under an applied field, were effective for collecting laser-generated nanoparticles. The applied field condition led to the strongest confinement of the nanoparticle plume and tightest resulting nanoparticle collection pattern. Raster-scanning direction was found to influence the nanoparticle collection pattern and ablation depth. However, the laser-processed target surface remained unaffected by the chosen nanoparticle collection strategy. We conclude that machining under a floating potential or an applied field is a promising setup for removing and collecting nanoparticles during the machining process, and thus provides an outlook to circular waste-free laser process design.

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Sun, Aixi, Bo Hao, Yulan Hu, and Dewei Yang. "Research on Mathematical Model of Composite Micromachining of Laser and Electrolysis Based on the Electrolyte Fluid." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3070265.

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A new technology of composite micromachining of laser and electrolysis is presented through a combination of technological advantages of laser processing and electrolytic machining. The implication of its method is that laser processing efficiently removes metallic materials and that pulse electrolytic machining removes recast layer and controls shape precisely. Machining accuracy and efficiency can be improved. The impacts that electrolyte fluid effectively cools the microstructure edge in the laser machining process and that gas-liquid two-phase flow makes the electrolyte conductivity produce uneven distribution in the electrolytic processing are considered. Some approximate assumptions are proposed on the actual conditions of machining process. The mathematical model of composite micromachining of laser and electrolysis based on the electrolyte fluid is built. The validity of the model can be verified by experimentation. The experimental results show that processing accuracy meets accuracy requirements which are ±0.05 mm. Machining efficiency increases more than 20 percent compared to electrolytic processing.

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Ahmad Sobri, Sharizal, Robert Heinemann, David Whitehead, Norshah Afizi Shuaib, Mohd Faisal Abdul Hamid, Mazlan Mohamed, Wan Omar Ali Saifuddin Wan Ismail, et al. "Machining of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Preliminary Investigation of High Power Fibre Laser." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2727–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5009-19.

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Carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) is one of the common materials used in machining by various manufacturing industries. The most persistent challenges during the machining, both concerning the consistency of machined surfaces and the properties of the material, are the difficulties such as fibre pull-out, delamination, and decomposition of the material matrix. This preliminary research highlights the laser machining of thick CFRP using a fibre laser of more than 1 kW. Laser machining experiments have been conducted to examine the ability of the fibre laser machine to cut thick CFRP through their high-quality laser beams. Based on the results, the study showed how the heat affected zone can be reduced when the higher cooling period is used. The effects of modulated beam mode include substantial reductions in HAZ compared with other experimental results. In all experimental attempts, substantial damage has occurred. The results are important in assessing the relationship between laser machining parameters and cutting results.

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Messaoudi, Hamza, Florian Böhmermann, Merlin Mikulewitsch, Axel von Freyberg, Andreas Fischer, Oltmann Riemer, and Frank Vollertsen. "Chances and Limitations in the Application of Laser Chemical Machining for the Manufacture of Micro Forming Dies." MATEC Web of Conferences 190 (2018): 15010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819015010.

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Laser chemical machining, a non-conventional processing method based on thermally activated electrochemical material dissolution, represents a promising technology for manufacturing metallic dies for micro forming applications. Prior to widespread industrial acceptance the machining quality of laser chemical machining should be characterized. For this purpose, laser chemical machining is compared with micro milling regarding both the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality. Therefore, square micro cavities exhibiting side walls between 100 μm and 400 μm in length and 60 μm in depth are machined with both manufacturing processes into the cobalt-chrome alloy Stellite 21. The geometrical features are investigated using laser-scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. On the one hand, laser chemical machining is more suitable for manufacturing cavities with dimensions < 200 μm due to higher shape accuracy with stable mean edge radii of (11.2 ± 1.3) μm as a result of roughing and finishing steps. On the other hand, the finish quality of micro milling with mean surface roughness Sa of 0.2 μm could not be achieved with laser chemical machining due to in-process induced waviness. Finally, the metallographic analysis of the surface-near layers reveals that both manufacturing processes ensure gentle machining without any noticeable micro structural impact.

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Yu, Li, Chenlei Zhao, Yong Yang, and Shenghong Wu. "Investigation report of aero engine air die hole processing." Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems 2, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fcis.v2i1.3166.

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At present, there are a variety of problems in the aerospace manufacturing industry, especially the machining of aero-engine air film holes. In this paper, by investigating the current research status of aero-engine gas film hole machining at home and abroad, the characteristics and difficulties of the current gas film hole machining are introduced, and the comparison between ordinary laser machining and femtosecond laser machining is made.

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Arrizubieta, Jon, Magdalena Cortina, Jose Ruiz, and Aitzol Lamikiz. "Combination of Laser Material Deposition and Laser Surface Processes for the Holistic Manufacture of Inconel 718 Components." Materials 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11071247.

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The present work proposes a novel manufacturing technique based on the combination of Laser Metal Deposition, Laser Beam Machining, and laser polishing processes for the complete manufacturing of complex parts. Therefore, the complete process is based on the application of a laser heat source both for the building of the preform shape of the part by additive manufacturing and for the finishing operations. Their combination enables the manufacture of near-net-shape parts and afterwards removes the excess material via laser machining, which has proved to be capable of eliminating the waviness resulting from the additive process. Besides, surface quality is improved via laser polishing so that the roughness of the final part is reduced. Therefore, conventional machining operations are eliminated, which results in a much cleaner process. To validate the capability of this new approach, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality as well as the microstructure of the resulting parts are evaluated. The process has been validated on an Inconel 718 test part, where a previously additively built-up part has been finished by means of laser machining and laser polishing.

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S. Sun, S. Sun, M. Brandt M. Brandt, and M. S. Dargusch M. S. Dargusch. "Review of Laser Assisted Machining of Ceramics(Invited Paper)." Chinese Journal of Lasers 36, no. 12 (2009): 3299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl20093612.3299.

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Yang, Li Jun, M. L. Wang, Yang Wang, J. Tang, and Yan Bin Chen. "Numerical Simulation on the Temperature Field of Water-Jet Guided Laser Micromachining." Advanced Materials Research 69-70 (May 2009): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.69-70.333.

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Water-jet guided laser micromachining is the new development orientation of laser machining. This paper set up the numerical model on the action between the water-jet guided laser and the material. By using the software ANSYS, simulated the processing of the water-jet guided laser micromachining. This paper gave the investigation on the machining laws and the distributing of temperature fielding in processing of water-jet guided laser micromachining. And the results of the correlative experiment prove the model aright. The result provided the theoretical foundation for the next research on the water-jet guided laser machining.

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Shen, Jian Ying, and Yun Zhao. "FEM Simulation Technologies of Laser Cutting Wood Board Based on ANSYS." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 1629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1629.

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Laser cutting is an important application field of laser machining technology. It can improve machining quality and save time by using a computer to simulate the machining process to obtain the optimal process parameters. In the paper, the FEM simulation techniques for laser cutting are discussed by taking wood as an example and using the FEM software ANSYS as a simulation tool. The technologies include solid modeling, finite element meshing, loading of the moving laser source and secondary developing of APDL language. laser cutting; finite element method; simulation

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Hou, Chao Jian, Li Jun Yang, Yang Wang, and Zhi Xing Song. "Research on Laser Micro Machining Polystyrene Material." Advanced Materials Research 628 (December 2012): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.628.83.

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Owing to drilling capacity can reach micron grade, laser punching technology has been widely used in high-tech field. In this article, ultraviolet laser has been adopted to punch on polystyrene material, the ablation principle and heat transfer between ultraviolet laser and material are analyzed. Through the finite element simulation, microporous temperature field distribution can be obtained. At last, by experiments that use single factor method to get laser parameters on the effect of surface morphology and microporous depth/diameter ratio, the optimal laser parameters that satisfy requirements which are less slag and tapered micropore can be acquired.

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Nadim, Nima, Ouf A. Shams, Tilak T. Chandratilleke, and Alokesh Pramanik. "Preheating and thermal behaviour of a rotating cylindrical workpiece in laser-assisted machining." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405419863597.

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Laser-assisted machining is a widely used technique for preheating workpiece to reduce cutting forces and promote machinability in metal machining, thereby enhancing manufacturing quality and productivity. In setting laser-assisted machining parameters, the current practice typically relies on trial-and-error approaches. The uncertainties thereof could lead to adverse outcomes in product manufacturing, thus negating the potential benefits of this machining method. A clear understanding of workpiece thermal behaviour under laser spot heating is pivotal to developing a systematic basis for determining required preheating levels and optimised cutting variables for laser-assisted machining. In achieving this, the experimental methods are recognised to be largely impractical, if not tedious, due to instrument limitations and practicality of suitable non-intrusive measuring methods. Conversely, numerical methodologies do provide precise, flexible and cost-effective analytical options, warranting potential for insightful understanding on the transient thermal impact from laser preheating on rotating workpiece. Presenting such an investigation, this article presents a finite volume-based numerical simulation that examines and analyses the thermal response imparted by laser spot preheating on a rotating cylinder surface. On a rotating frame of reference using the ANSYS Fluent solver, the numerical model is formulated, accounting for transient heat conduction into the cylinder body and the combined convection and radiation loses from the cylinder surface. The model is comprehensively validated to ascertaining its high predictive accuracy and the applicability under reported laser-assisted machining operating conditions. The extensive parametric analyses carried out deliver clear insight into the dynamics of thermal penetration occurring within the workpiece due to laser spot preheating. This facilitates appropriate consideration of laser preheating intensity in relation to other operating variables to achieve necessary material softening depth at the workpiece surface prior to setting out on the subsequent machining process. Building upon the data generated, a practically simpler and cost-effective preheating parametric predictor is synthesised for laser-assisted machining using neural network principles incorporating the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. This predictive tool is trained and verified as a practical preheating guide for laser-assisted machining for a range of operating conditions.

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