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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser excited states of sodium'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Vušković, L. "Experiments with low-energy electrons scattered by polarized, excited sodium." Canadian Journal of Physics 74, no. 11-12 (November 1, 1996): 991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-819.

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Several crossed-beam experiments were performed to acquire information concerning collisions of low-impact-energy electrons with ground-state or laser-excited sodium atoms prepared in 32P3/2, F = 3 (MF = +3 or −3) polarized states. Results of these experiments are the azimuthal asymmetry of the differential cross sections between two polarized states in the elastic electron collision (3P → 3P) at selected scattering angles, absolute differential cross sections for elastic, inelastic, and superelastic scattering obtained with no normalization procedure involved, and total ionization cross sections in the threshold energy range.

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2

Hall, B. V., R. T. Sang, M. Shurgalin, W. R. MacGillivray, M. C. Standage, and P. M. Farrell. "Electron superelastic scattering from states of atomic sodium and rubidium." Canadian Journal of Physics 74, no. 11-12 (November 1, 1996): 977–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-817.

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This paper reports on the extension of the electron superelastic scattering technique to three new situations. The first considers scattering from the 32P3/2 level of Na that has been excited by two laser modes tuned, respectively, to the transitions from the two hyperfine states of the 32S1/2 ground level. Both coherent and noncoherent modes are treated in a full quantum electrodynamic model of the laser excitation. Under certain conditions, the time-averaged probability of finding an atom in the 32P3/2 level exceeds 0.5. The second situation is electron superelastic scattering from the 32D5/2 level of Na that has been resonantly excited from the ground level via a resonant intermediate level. With the first observation of superelastically scattered electrons from this higher lying level recently recorded, this paper considers the extension of the quantum electrodynamics (QED) model to describe the optical excitation process. Application of superelastic scattering to the 52S1/2–52P3/2 transition of Rb is the third situation considered. The superelastic scattering formalism is extended to allow for a nonzero spin flip cross section for this transition. The resulting optical pumping terms are calculated using the QED model and the method of their determination for the superelastic scattering experiment described. The experimental design necessary to measure all of the collision parameters for this transition is discussed.

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3

Ferray, M., F. Gounand, P. D’Oliveira, P. R. Fournier, D. Cubaynes, J. M. Bizau, T. J. Morgan, and F. J. Wuilleumier. "Three-step excitation of highly excited autoionizing states in atomic sodium by use of laser beams and synchrotron radiation." Physical Review Letters 59, no. 18 (November 2, 1987): 2040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.59.2040.

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4

Weigold, Erich. "(e,2e) Studies of Atoms ? Some Recent Developments." Australian Journal of Physics 43, no. 5 (1990): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph900543.

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Some recent work on (e,2e) collisions in atoms is reported. The first (e,2e) results on an excited target and also on an oriented target are discussed. Sodium atoms are pumped to the m/ = +1 state of the excited 3p state by 0"+ light from a laser. The (e,2e) measurements are then performed on this excited state. The results are in excellent agreement with the momentum density profile given by the 3p(m/ = 1) Hartree-Fock wavefunction. High resolution electron momentum spectroscopy measurements are reported for argon. The first momentum profiles for excited Ar ion states belonging to the 2po and 20e manifolds are obtained. The latter are entirely due to initial state correlations. Comparison is made with several many-body calculations. The importance of core quadrupole (10) excitations is demonstrated. Although the 2se manifold is dominated by final state correlations, the momentum profile to the 4s 2S ion state in the 2Se manifold also shows the influenee of initial state correlation effects. The third series of measurements examines correlations in the autoionising region of helium, encompassing the (2s2)1 S, (2s2p)3p, (2p2)! 0 and (2s2p)! P resonances, at 100, 200 and 400 eV incident electron energies. Measurements, with an energy resolution of 150 meV, were taken at a number of scattered electron angles over an extended range of ejected electron angles, encompassing both the binary and recoil regions. The data show very strong correlations between the resonance amplitudes and the direct ionisation amplitudes.

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5

Gulam, Rabbani M., Saburo Neya, and Junji Teraoka. "Resonance Raman spectra of highly reduced iron porphycenes." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 10, no. 11 (November 2006): 1271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424606000648.

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The redox behavior of iron porphycenes using the sodium mirror contact technique is reported. The resonance Raman spectra are obtained for each redox state, in order to explore the vibrational characteristics of these species in different redox states. The observed resonance Raman behavior of Fe II porphycene anion radical and its dianion is interpreted using the vibrational analysis of free-base porphycene anion radical and dianion. For the first time, a species generated in the fourth reduction step, is confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and is assigned to Fe I porphycene π dianion. The dependence of resonance enhancements of Raman bands for the Fe I porphycene π dianion on excitation laser reveals structural distortion along the NC a C a N or C b C a C a C b segments of the pyrrole-pyrrole direct connection in the excited electronic state.

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6

Awang, Asmahani, S. K. Ghoshal, M. R. Sahar, and R. Arifin. "Effect of Au NPs on the Spectral Modification of Er-Doped Zinc Sodium Tellurite Glass." Materials Science Forum 846 (March 2016): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.846.45.

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Optimizing of the spectroscopic features of rare earth (RE) doped inorganic glasses via tuneable growth of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) is demanding in plasmonic based nanophotonics. We report the gold (Au) NPs assisted sizeable enhancements in Er3+ luminescence in zinc-sodium tellurite glass. Glasses of the form 70TeO2-20ZnO-10Na2O-(x)Er2O3-(y)Au (x = 0.0 and 1.0 mol%; y = 0.0-0.6 mol% in excess) are synthesized via melt-quenching method and thoroughly characterized. Au concentration dependent variations in the physical and spectroscopic properties of glasses are determined. XRD data confirms the amorphous nature of all samples. UV-Vis-NIR spectra reveal seven absorption bands corresponding to the transitions from ground state (4I15/2) to 4I13/2, 4I11/2, 4I9/2, 4F9/2, 2H11/2, 4F7/2 and 4F5/2 excited states of Er3+. TEM micrograph manifests the existence of non-spherical Au NPs with average size of 8.6 nm. Prominent surface plasmon band of Au NPs is evidenced around 629 nm. Furthermore, Au NPs display a SPR mediated strong absorption in the visible region. Room temperature visible down-conversion emission (under 425 nm excitation) reveal three significant peaks centred at 532 (moderate green represent 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 transition), 550 (weak green represent 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transition) and 588 nm (strong green represent 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transition). Glass containing 0.4 mol% of Au exhibiting the highest luminescence intensity is ascribed to the NPs local field enhancement and energy transfer between RE ions and NPs. Variations in the physical properties of glass are explained in terms of the alteration in structures and ligand interactions with Au NPs present in the glass network. The intense field amplification discerned in the vicinity of Au NPs is attributed to the charge accumulation at the surface of the NPs. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Au NPs and energy transfer (ET) from NPs to Er3+ ions are primarily attributed for the observed spectral modification. It is established that our glass composition displaying such significant enhancement may be beneficial for the development of up-converted solid state lasers and other plasmonic devices.

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7

Schulz, Claus Peter, Christiana Bobbert, Taku Shimosato, Kota Daigoku, Nobuaki Miura, and Kenro Hashimoto. "Electronically excited states of sodium–water clusters." Journal of Chemical Physics 119, no. 22 (December 8, 2003): 11620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1624599.

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8

BORDAS, C., P. BREVET, M. BROYER, J. CHEVALEYRE, P. LABASTIE, and J. P. PERROT. "AUTOIONIZATION LIFETIMES IN LASER EXCITED Na2RYDBERG STATES." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 48, no. C7 (December 1987): C7–651—C7–653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19877157.

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9

Tan, W. S., Z. Shi, C. H. Ying, and L. Vušković. "Electron-impact ionization of laser-excited sodium atom." Physical Review A 54, no. 5 (November 1, 1996): R3710—R3713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.54.r3710.

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10

Kushawaha, V. S. "Associative ionization of laser excited Rydberg sodium-atoms." Physica B+C 132, no. 2 (July 1985): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(85)90074-9.

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11

Bray, Igor, Dmitry V. Fursa, and Ian E. McCarthy. "Calculation of electron scattering on excited states of sodium." Physical Review A 49, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 2667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.49.2667.

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12

Nandi, T., M. B. Kurup, K. G. Prasad, and P. Meenakshi Raja Rao. "Study of core excited quartet states in neutral sodium." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 27, no. 10 (May 28, 1994): 1975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/27/10/008.

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13

de Lange, C. A. "Laser photoelectron spectroscopy: mixed traits of excited states." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 94, no. 23 (1998): 3409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a806892e.

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14

Madsen, L. B., P. Schlagheck, and P. Lambropoulos. "Laser-Induced Transitions between Triply Excited Hollow States." Physical Review Letters 85, no. 1 (July 3, 2000): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.42.

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15

POLA, J. "ChemInform Abstract: Laser Chemistry from Electronically Excited States." ChemInform 25, no. 8 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199408325.

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16

SINITSA, L. N. "Intracavity laser spectroscopy of highly excited molecular states." Le Journal de Physique IV 04, no. C4 (April 1994): C4–629—C4–634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19944168.

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17

Babenko, E., C. Tapalian, and W. W. Smith. "Associative ionization in laser-excited sodium 3p+3d collisions." Chemical Physics Letters 244, no. 1-2 (September 1995): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(95)00878-8.

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18

Mahmoud, M. A., and Y. E. E. Gamal. "Modelling of Collisional Ionization in Laser Excited Sodium Atoms." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 64, no. 12 (December 15, 1995): 4653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.64.4653.

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19

Bergeron, H., A. Valance, and T. J. Morgan. "Calculation of highly excited autoionizing energy states of atomic sodium." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 14, no. 4 (December 1989): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01429278.

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20

Cocchini, Franco, Thomas H. Upton, and Wanda Andreoni. "Excited states and Jahn–Teller interactions in the sodium trimer." Journal of Chemical Physics 88, no. 10 (May 15, 1988): 6068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454499.

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21

Pavão, A. C., John Simon Craw, and Marco Antonio Chaer Nascimento. "Ground and first excited states of fractionally charged sodium atoms." International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 48, no. 4 (November 10, 1993): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560480402.

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22

Pardo, A., and A. H. Pardo. "Laser-induced irradiance fluorescence (LIIF) of molecular sodium excited with the laser line." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 70, no. 2 (July 2001): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(00)00134-5.

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23

Burkhardt, C. E., W. P. Garver, and J. J. Leventhal. "Off-resonance production of ions in laser-excited sodium vapor." Physical Review A 31, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.31.505.

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24

Gorbunov, N. A., P. Kozłowski, K. Nowak, and T. Stacewicz. "Fluorescence of Sodium Vapour Excited by 330 nm Laser Pulses." Acta Physica Polonica A 99, no. 5 (May 2001): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.99.531.

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25

Nienhaus, J., O. I. Zatsarinny, A. Dorn, and W. Mehlhorn. "Electron impact excitation and ionization of laser-excited sodium atoms." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 30, no. 16 (August 28, 1997): 3611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/30/16/003.

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26

Carr�, B., F. Roussel, G. Spiess, J. M. Bizau, P. G�rard, and F. Wuilleumier. "Resonant and Off-resonance ionization of laser-excited sodium vapor." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 1, no. 1 (March 1986): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01384662.

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27

Themelis, S. I., P. Lambropoulos, and F. J. Wuilleumier. "Laser-induced transitions between core excited states of Na." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 38, no. 13 (June 15, 2005): 2119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/38/13/006.

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28

An, Nguyen Ba. "Exciton Nonequilibrium Steady States in Laser-Excited Molecular Crystals." physica status solidi (b) 150, no. 2 (December 1, 1988): 845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221500277.

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29

Ljungberg, Peter, and Ove Axner. "Degenerate four-wave mixing from laser-populated excited states." Applied Optics 34, no. 3 (January 20, 1995): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.34.000527.

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30

Sinitsa, L. N. "High sensitive laser spectroscopy of highly excited molecular states." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 48, no. 5-6 (November 1992): 721–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(92)90136-r.

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31

Thompson, Amber L., Andrew Beeby, and Andrés E. Goeta. "Structural studies of light-induced excited states." Journal of Applied Crystallography 37, no. 4 (July 17, 2004): 652–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002188980401060x.

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Over the past few years there has been a marked increase in the number of structural studies carried out on light-induced excited states. Until now, however, there has been no systematic approach to the irradiation of samples, which can make data collection difficult and results unreliable. This paper presents a device for mounting a laser on a CCD diffractometer; this device not only enables the collection of data without any constraints on the data collection strategy, but also simplifies alignment of the laser and can be left in place permanently.

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32

Leupold, D., J. Ehlert, S. Oberländer, E. Klose, S. Mory, and G. Winkelmann. "Nonlinear Laser Chemistry of Maleic Acid." Laser Chemistry 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1989/27095.

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With reference to recent laser investigations of excited state reactions of maleic acid in Letokhov’s group, relevant excited state constants were determined by means of a physico-mathematical methods package of nonlinear absorption and the excited state populations were calculated for the experimental conditions. Based on this, a change of the assignment of the found reactions to excited states is suggested in the following manner: dimerization in T1 and maleic acid formation in a higher excited triplet.

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33

El-Sherbini, Th M., and A. A. Farrag. "Core-excited doublet and quartet states in the sodium isoelectronic sequence." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 46, no. 5 (November 1991): 473–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(91)90051-q.

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34

Bertuccelli, G., H. O. Di Rocco, D. Iriarte, H. F. Ranea Sandoval, and M. Romeo Y. Bidegain. "Photorecombination to excited states of Xe in laser produced plasmas." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 58, no. 1 (July 1997): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(97)00038-1.

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35

Berg, L. E., T. Olsson, J. C. Chanteloup, A. Hishikawa, and P. Royen. "Lifetime measurements of excited molecular states using a Ti:sapphire laser." Molecular Physics 79, no. 4 (July 1993): 721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268979300101571.

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36

Sternberg, E. M. A., N. A. S. Rodrigues, M. E. Sbampato, J. Amorim, and C. A. B. Silveira. "Excited states time evolution on a laser-ablated molybdenum plume." Applied Physics B 116, no. 4 (February 14, 2014): 985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-5786-1.

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37

Scrinzi, A., N. Elander, and A. Wolf. "Laser induced recombination to excited states of hydrogen-like ions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 34, no. 3 (September 1995): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01437687.

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38

Bykov, A. D., V. A. Kapitanov, O. V. Naumenko, T. M. Petrova, V. I. Serdyukov, and L. N. Sinitsa. "The laser spectroscopy of highly excited vibrational states of HD16O." Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 153, no. 1-2 (May 1992): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(92)90468-4.

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39

Pardo, A. "Laser-Induced Irradiance Fluorescence of Molecular Sodium Excited by the 4765 Å Ar+ Laser Line." Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 199, no. 2 (February 2000): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1999.7996.

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40

Jockusch, Steffen, and Yusuf Yagci. "The active role of excited states of phenothiazines in photoinduced metal free atom transfer radical polymerization: singlet or triplet excited states?" Polymer Chemistry 7, no. 39 (2016): 6039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6py01410k.

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The active role of phenothiazine excited states in photoinduced metal-free atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was investigated by using laser flash photolysis, fluorescence, phosphorescence and electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

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41

LIU Xiao-bin, 刘晓斌, 师应龙 SHI Ying-long, 邢永忠 XING Yong-zhong, 路飞平 LU Fei-ping, 李向兵 LI Xiang-bing, 王玉平 WANG Yu-ping, and 胡宏伟 HU Hong-wei. "Relativistic Effects in 2p Photoionization from the Excited States of Sodium Atoms." ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 47, no. 9 (2018): 902001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20184709.0902001.

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42

Saha, H. P. "Photoionization of the 2psubshell of sodium atoms in ground and excited states." Physical Review A 50, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 3157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.3157.

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43

Golub, I., R. Shuker, and G. Erez. "Anomalous blue shifted emission near the D1transition from laser-excited sodium vapour." Journal of Physics B: Atomic and Molecular Physics 20, no. 2 (January 28, 1987): L63—L68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3700/20/2/006.

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44

Richter, M., J. M. Bizau, D. Cubaynes, T. Menzel, F. J. Wuilleumier, and B. Carré. "2 s Photoionization in Ground-State and in Laser-Excited Sodium Atoms." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 12, no. 1 (May 1, 1990): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/12/1/007.

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45

Huynh, Boichanh, Olivier Dulieu, and Françoise Masnou-Seeuws. "Associative ionization between two laser-excited sodium atoms: Theory compared to experiment." Physical Review A 57, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 958–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.57.958.

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46

Vaičaitis, V., and Š. Paulikas. "Conical four-wave mixing in sodium vapour excited by femtosecond laser pulses." Applied Physics B 89, no. 2-3 (October 21, 2007): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-007-2795-3.

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47

Mavroyannis, Constantine. "A laser-excited three-level atom." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-051.

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We considered the excitation spectra for the excited states of a three-level atom, where the strong and the weak atomic transitions are driven by resonant and nonresonant laser fields, respectively. The spectral functions describing the excitation spectra for the electric dipole allowed excited state and for the metastable state of the atom have been derived when both laser fields are quantized as well as when they are treated as classical entities. In the low-intensity limit of the laser field operating in the strong transition, there are two short-lifetime excitations, the spontaneous one and the induced one, which appear at the same frequency, and a long-lifetime excitation induced by the weak laser field. These excitations compete with each other at resonance as well as at finite detunings of the weak laser field. In the high-intensity limit of the laser field operating in the strong transition, the competition is between the short- and the long-lifetime side bands, which are induced by the strong and the weak laser fields, respectively. The ratio of the maximum intensities of the peaks describing the long- and the short-lifetime excitations exhibits a resonance variation with the detuning of the weak laser field. Comparison between the results obtained when the laser fields are treated as quantized and as classical entities is made.

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48

Kiefer, Johannes, Bo Zhou, Johan Zetterberg, Zhongshan Li, and Marcus Alden. "Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection of Hot Molecular Oxygen in Flames Using an Alexandrite Laser." Applied Spectroscopy 68, no. 11 (November 2014): 1266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/14-07512.

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The use of an alexandrite laser for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy and imaging of molecular oxygen in thermally excited vibrational states is demonstrated. The laser radiation after the third harmonic generation was used to excite the B–X (0-7) band at 257 nm in the Schumann–Runge system of oxygen. LIF emission was detected between 270 and 380 nm, revealing distinct bands of the transitions from B(0) to highly excited vibrational states in the electronic ground state, X ( v > 7). At higher spectral resolution, these bands reveal the common P- and R-branch line splitting. Eventually, the proposed LIF approach was used for single-shot imaging of the two-dimensional distribution of hot oxygen molecules in flames.

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49

Martínez, E., M. R. López, J. Albaladejo, and F. Poblete. "Laser-induced fluorescence from selected excited states of the CS2 molecule." Journal of Molecular Structure 408-409 (June 1997): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2860(96)09556-7.

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50

Wu, Yuchang, Li Jiang, and Levon V. Asryan. "Output power of a quantum dot laser: Effects of excited states." Journal of Applied Physics 118, no. 18 (November 14, 2015): 183107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4935296.

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