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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser diod'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Günay, Murat, Musa Karataşgüler, and Hüseyin Yetik. "Prematürite Retinopatisi Olgularında Diod Lazer Fotokoagulasyon Tedavisi." Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi 43, no. 5 (2013): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.69875.

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2

Stöbe, K. "Very Short Pulsed High Diode Currents Generated by a Fast Laser Diod Driver." Photonics Russia, no. 6 (2018): 576–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/1993-7296.2018.12.6.576.584.

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3

Öztürker, Zeynep, Sezin Akça Bayar, Eylem Yaman Pınarcı, İmren Akkoyun, and Gürsel Yılmaz. "Macular hole after commercially available handheld diod laser exposure." Journal of Retina-Vitreous 30, no. 2 (2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.37845/ret.vit.2021.30.32.

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4

Abdel-Fattah, Nilly, and A. Shehawy. "MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF DIOD LASER RADIATION ON Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)." Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology 6, no. 9 (September 1, 2015): 1213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74931.

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5

YAZGAN, Serpil, Tuba ÇELİK, Hakan KOÇ, and Mustafa DOĞAN. "Effectiveness of Transcanalicular Diode Laser-Assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy in Cases with Failure After at Least Two External Dacryocystorhinostomy: Two-Year Results." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology 26, no. 3 (2017): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/ophthal.2016-52759.

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6

Izmaylov, Aleksandr S., and Tat’yana V. Kotsur. "The use of diod laser in microphotocoagulation and high density photocoagulation regimens in the treatment of diabetic macular edema." Ophthalmology journal 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2016): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov9227-29.

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The modern standard of treatment of clinically significant diabetic macular edema is macular laser photocoagulation was suggested in the reports of the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS, 1985-1990). Subthreshold microphotocoagulation (MicroPulase) leads to developing barely visible or invisible retinal burns and also has been shown to be effective in treating macular edema with no side effects comparing with ETDRS methodic (retinal pigment and choroidal atrophy, decreasing of retinal sensitivity). Effectiveness of microphotocoagulation may arise in high density laser applications, however in modern literature exists rare publications concerning this question.

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7

Novytskyy, I., and L. Rudavskaya. "Non penetrating deep sclerectomy with diod laser trabeculoplasty ab externo in patients with open angle glaucoma." Oftalmologicheskii Zhurnal 41, no. 1 (February 27, 2013): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201312123.

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8

Novytskyy, I., and L. Rudavska. "The Inﬂuence of Nonpenetrating Deep Sclerectomy with Ab Externo Diod Laser Trabeculoplasty on Glaucomatous Optical Neuropathy Progression." International scientific-practical journal Ophthalmology 2(10) (December 2019): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30702/ophthalmology.2019/105564.

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9

Kumar, G. Anil, Maneesha Das, Sindhu Ramesh, and Surendranath Garapati. "An in vitro Evaluation of Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-based Sealer with Dentin Treated with Diode and Nd:YAG Laser." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 2 (2013): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1297.

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ABSTRACT Background Smear layer is a negative factor which prevents adhesion of the filling material to the dentinal walls. Recent advances in dental research have incorporated lasers as a potential adjunct in root canal treatment by removing the smear layer before filling the root canal system, enhancing the adhesion of sealers to dentin and improving the sealing ability. Aim To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of AH-Plus resin-based sealer to dentin after treatment with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in vitro. Materials and methods Thirty specimens prepared for three groups namely group I (control), group II (980 nm diode–lased specimens) and group III (Nd:YAG–lased specimens). One tooth from each group was observed under scanning electron microscope for evaluation of intracanal root dentin morphology. Remaining specimens were used for making microsections by hard tissue microtome. Specimens for groups II and III were lased with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser. AH Plus sealer was applied onto specimens and mounted onto Instron universal testing machine for microtensile bond strength testing. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Results Group III Nd:YAG had maximum mean microtensile bond strength values (11.558 ± 0.869), followed by group II diode (9.073 ± 0.468) and group I control (6.05 ± 0.036). Statistically significant differences were seen among all the groups. SEM analysis shows removal of smear layer in both groups II and III. Conclusion Both Nd:YAG and diode laser were more effective than control group in improving the microtensile bond strength of AH Plus sealer to dentin. Clinical significance Lasers have the potential to increase the adhesiveness of root canal sealer to dentin surface, thereby improving the quality of root canal obturation. How to cite this article Maneesha D, Anil KG, Sindhu R, Surendranath G, Deepak S. An in vitro Evaluation of Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-based Sealer with Dentin Treated with Diode and Nd:YAG Laser. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2): 183-187.

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10

Rudavska, L. M. "Clinical efficacy of the combined non-penetrating deep sclerectomy with the simultaneous diod laser trabeculoplasty ab externo in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Long-term results." Fyodorov journal of ophthalmic surgery, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2016-2-35-41.

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11

Krikun, E. V., and S. L. Blashkova. "Diode laser in dental practice." Kazan medical journal 98, no. 6 (December 15, 2017): 1023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2017-1023.

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The review presents the possibilities and experience of using diode lasers for treatment of oral inflammatory diseases. Earlier, low-intensity laser was used in dentistry only as a physiotherapeutic device. The laser applications range has expanded significantly with the advent of new technologies. Diode laser has a high level of safety, so it can be used in periodontics and endodontics without fear of tooth tissue structure damaging. In surgical dentistry, high-intensity laser radiation is used as an alternative to cutting and rotational instruments. Features of diode laser for surgical interventions are sterile conditions during the intervention and avoidance of bleeding during and after surgery, predicted depth of injury, high incision accuracy. Accumulated experience of using a diode laser shows good hemostatic effect, which leads to minimal recession of gingival margin. Many authors emphasize that postoperative scars are absent or are more tender and elastic, not constricting tissues. In comparison with traditional methods, use of laser scalpel can reduce epithelialization time of a wound by half. Also, a number of authors claim that the diode laser stimulates immune system, reduces pathogenicity of microflora, increases its sensitivity to antibiotics, positively regulates the function of dental cement in vitro. Use of laser technology improves the quality and effectiveness of ongoing treatment, reduces repeated paient visits, shortens treatment time, avoids relapses and complications. Due to this, the question of expanding the indications for diode lasers use in dentistry and improving the methods remains of current interest.

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12

Suresh, Dr Snophia, and Dr J. Ranjit Kumar. "Lingual frenectomy by Diode Laser." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 508–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2013/162.

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13

Archer, Kaete A., and Paul Carniol. "Diode Laser and Fractional Laser Innovations." Facial Plastic Surgery 35, no. 03 (June 2019): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688846.

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AbstractLaser technology continues to increase in popularity and expand treatment options for patients with common but challenging skin conditions including facial telangiectasias, facial aging, striae distensae, and acne scars. Facial telangiectasias have been estimated to occur in tens of millions of people worldwide. The 585-nm laser was the first to follow the principle of selective photothermolysis for the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions, but it caused significant postoperative purpura. Newer diode lasers target superficial and deep telangiectasias without the side effects of the 585-nm laser. Ablative resurfacing was introduced in the 1990s with the carbon dioxide laser to address facial rhytids and photoaging. While effective, the risks and downtime were significant. The newest fractionated nonablative lasers are demonstrating impressive results, with decreased risks and downtime. This new generation of lasers is being used extensively and in unique combinations for facial aging, striae, and acne scars.

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14

Cudney, Roger Sean, and Citlali Minor. "Sub-nanosecond, megawatt compact diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser." Revista Mexicana de Física 64, no. 5 (August 31, 2018): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.64.512.

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We present a compact source of sub-nanosecond infrared laser pulses. The system is a diode-pumped, passively Q-switched Nd:YLF laser that emits 1.047µm pulses with a FWHM duration of 750 ps, an energy of 2.3 mJ per pulse at a repetition rate of over 40 Hz. We also provide a simple rate-equation model that adequately describes the experimental results. This laser is ideal for several applications that require energetic sub-nanosecond pulses that cannot be obtained easily with actively Q-switched lasers or mode-locked lasers.

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15

Jiang, Lingrong, Jianping Liu, Lei Hu, Liqun Zhang, Aiqin Tian, Wei Xiong, Xiaoyu Ren, et al. "Reduced threshold current density of GaN-based green laser diode by applying polarization doping p-cladding layer." Chinese Optics Letters 19, no. 12 (2021): 121404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202119.121404.

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16

Cooper, John B., Philip E. Flecher, Sacharia Albin, Thomas M. Vess, and William T. Welch. "Elimination of Mode Hopping and Frequency Hysteresis in Diode Laser Raman Spectroscopy: The Advantages of a Distributed Bragg Reflector Diode Laser for Raman Excitation." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 11 (November 1995): 1692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953965669.

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A comparison is made between an index-guided (Fabry-Perot type) diode laser and a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) diode laser as excitation sources for fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy utilizing charge-coupled device (CCD) detection and an image-corrected spectrograph. The DBR diode laser was superior to the index-guided diode laser for elimination of mode hopping, elimination of frequency hysteresis as a function of both temperature and current changes, and reduction in laser broadband emission. These advantages may allow the DBR laser to be used in industrial process control applications which are too demanding for index-guided diode lasers.

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17

Gu, Yuan Yuan, Guo Xing Wu, Hui Lu, and Yan Cui. "GaAs-Based High Power Diode Laser." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1852–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1852.

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High-power diode lasers based on GaAs semiconductor bars are well established as reliable and highly efficient laser sources. The device structure and stack technology of edge-emitting diode laser were presented briefly as well as the development of electro-optical conversion efficiency ,lifetime , power .The technology of ten-thousand –watt level high power diode laser was introduced as a new generation of laser processing equipment. In order to output high power, we utilized polarization coupling technology to couple two 808nm and 880nm laser diode stack together, and designed the optical system to expand and focus the beam, through the experiment; we realize the overall efficiency more than 90%, power output 1000W.

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18

Gu, Yuan Yuan, Guo Xing Wu, Hui Lu, and Jian Lin. "Beam Shaping Technology for High Power Diode Laser Source." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.385.

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Direct diode lasers have some of the most attractive features of any laser. They are very efficient, compact, wavelength versatile, low cost, and highly reliable. However, the full utilization of direct diode lasers has yet to be realized. This is mainly due their poor output beam quality. Because of this, direct diode lasers are typically used to pump other lasers such as bulk solid-state (rod and thin disk) and fiber lasers. An improvement of the wall-plug efficiency and Power density necessary can be achieved by beam shaping and beam combination such as polarization coupling. In this paper, using the beam shaping technology realize good beam quality and high wall-plug efficiency. Base on bars rated to 60 W and 57% conversion efficiency, vertically stacked arrays (twenty bars) of such configuration are demonstrated with rated to about 1200W. The beam quality of high-power high brightness 880 nm laser diode source is improved with beam shaping. Beam parameter product of 79. 3 mm mrad ×81. 2 mm mrad, electro-optical conversion efficiency of more than 45.8% and continuous output power of 1 kW are demonstrated. This laser can be directly applied to cladding, surface hardening and other fields.

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19

Ivashko, A. M., V. E. Kisel, and N. V. Kuleshov. "POWER SCALING IN CONTINUOUS-WAVE YB:YAG MICROCHIP LASER FOR MEASURING APPLICATIONS." Devices and Methods of Measurements 8, no. 3 (September 27, 2017): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2017-8-3-222-227.

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Characteristics optimization of lasers used in different measuring systems is of great interest up to now. Diode-pumped microchip lasers is one of the most perspective ways for development of solid-state light sources with minimal size and weight together with low energy power consumption. Increasing of output power with good beam quality is rather difficult task for such type of lasers due to thermal effects in the gain crystal under high pump power.The investigation results of continuous-wave longitudinally diode-pumped Yb:YAG microchip laser are presented. In the presented laser radiation from multiple pump laser diodes were focused into the separate zone in one gain crystal that provides simultaneous generation of multiple laser beams. The energy and spatial laser beam characteristics were investigated.Influence of neighboring pumped regions on energy and spatial laser beams parameters both for separate and for sum laser output was observed. The dependences of laser output power from distance between neighboring pumped regions and their number were determined. Decreasing of laser output power was demonstrated with corresponding distance shortening between pumped regions and increasing their quantity with simultaneous improvement of laser beam quality.Demonstrated mutual influence of neighboring pumped regions in the longitudinally diode pumped Yb:YAG microchip laser allow as to generate diffraction limited Gaussian beam with 2W of continuous-wave output power that 30 % higher than in case of one pumped zone.

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20

Bhardwaj, Amit, Harpreet Singh Grover, and Sanjay Lal. "Gingival Depigmentation with Scalpel and Diode Laser." World Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 4 (2012): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1190.

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ABSTRACT The complaint of black gums is common particularly in patients having a very high smile line and possess esthetic problems for them. The degree of gingival pigmentation depends on melanoblastic activity. Various treatment options are in practice for depigmentation which includes scalpel gingivectomy, free gingival graft surgery, use of chemicals, such as 90% phenol and 95% alcohol, bur abrasion, electrosurgery, cryosurgery and lasers. Among the various techniques lasers offer a promising therapeutic option since it is simple, painless and predictable. Laser has been recognized as the most effective and reliable technique having many advantages as compared to other conventional treatment modalities. It provides a bloodless and painless surgery. Here, we report gingival depigmentation of 21-year-old female patient using scalpel and laser technique. How to cite this article Bhardwaj A, Grover HS, Lal S. Gingival Depigmentation with Scalpel and Diode Laser. World J Dent 2012;3(4):359-362.

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21

Scheps, Richard. "Efficient laser diode pumped Nd lasers." Applied Optics 28, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.000089.

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22

Hughes, D. W., and J. R. M. Barr. "Laser diode pumped solid state lasers." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 25, no. 4 (April 14, 1992): 563–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/25/4/001.

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23

Byer, R. L. "Diode Laser--Pumped Solid-State Lasers." Science 239, no. 4841 (February 12, 1988): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.239.4841.742.

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Fan, T. Y., and R. L. Byer. "Diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 24, no. 6 (June 1988): 895–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.210.

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25

El-Agmy, Reda M., and Najm M. Al-Hosiny. "Thermal analysis and CW laser operation at 1.998 µm in end pumped Tm:YAP lasers." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i4.938.

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We report on thermal analysis and a continuous wave (CW) laser operation at (1.998µm) of end pumped Tm: YAP cylindrical laser rod. The Tm: YAP laser rod is pumped at a wavelength of 1.064 µm emitting from Nd: YAG laser source. A 3W incident pump power is used to generate a maximum laser output of 700 mW, representing 18% slope efficiency. The power of thermally induced lens in Tm:YAP laser rod is numerically analyzed and validated experimentally. The focal lengths of the thermally induced lens are directly measured using Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. We have detected blue up-conversion fluorescence emission before laser operation at 1.998 µm. The obtained experimental results were in good agreement with the numerical calculations. Full Text: PDF ReferencesI. F. Elder, J. Payne, "Diode-pumped, room-temperature Tm:YAP laser", Applied Optics 36 (33), 8606 (1997) CrossRef Y. Li, B. Yao, Y. Wang, Y. Ju, G. Zhao, Y. Zong, J. Xu, "High efficient diode-pumped Tm:YAP laser at room temperature", Chinese Opt. Lett. 5 (5), 286 (2007). DirectLink H. Ni, S. C. Rand, "Avalanche upconversion in Tm:YALO3", Opt. Lett. 16 (8), 1424 (1991). CrossRef Z. G. Wang, C. W. Song, Y. F. Li, Y. L. Ju, Y. Z. Wang, "CW and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:GdVO4 laser at room temperature", Laser Phys. Lett. 6 (2), 105 (2009). CrossRef Baoquan Yao, Yi Tian, Wei Wang, Gang Li, Yuezhu Wang, "Analysis and compensation of thermal lens effects in Tm:YAP lasers", Chinese Opt. Lett. 8 (10), 996 (2010). CrossRef F. Cornacchia, D. Parisi, C. Bernardini, M. Toncelli, "Efficient, diode-pumped Tm3+:BaY2F8 vibronic laser", Opt. Expr. 12 (9), 1982 (2004). CrossRef Xiaojin Cheng, Mi Fan, Jiandong Cao, Jianhua Shang, "Research on the thermal effect and laser resonator of diode-pumped thin-slab Tm:YAP lasers", Optik 176, 32 (2019). CrossRef W. Koechner, Solid-state Laser Engineering, Springer, (2013). DirectLink https://www.crytur.cz DirectLink http://www.laserlabcomponents.com/ DirectLink R. M. El-Agmy, N.AlHosiny, "2.31 [micro sign]m laser under up-conversion pumping at 1.064 [micro sign]m in Tm3+:ZBLAN fibre lasers", Elect. Lett. 46 (13), 936 (2010). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. M. Al-Hosiny, "870 mW blue laser emission at 480 nm in a large core thulium doped ZBLAN fiber laser", Laser Phys. 20 (4), 838 (2010). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. M. Al-Hosiny, "Power scaling of end-pumped Nd:YLF lasers, modeling and experiments", Optik 140, 584 (2017). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. Al-Hosiny, "Thermal analysis and experimental study of end-pumped Nd: YLF laser at 1053 nm", Photonic sensors 7 (4), 329 (2017). CrossRef S. C. Tidwell, J. F. Seamans, M. S. Bowers, A. K. Cousins, "Scaling CW diode-end-pumped Nd:YAG lasers to high average powers", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28, 997 (1992). CrossRef P. J. Hardman, W. A. Clarkson, G. J. Friel, M. Pollnau, D. C. Hanna, "Energy-transfer upconversion and thermal lensing in high-power end-pumped Nd:YLF laser crystals", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 35, 647 (1999). CrossRef

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26

DeRowe, Ari, Roy Landsberg, Yaron Leonov, Abraham Katzir, and Dov Ophir. "Subjective Comparison of Nd:YAG, Diode, and CO2 Lasers for Endoscopically Guided Inferior Turbinate Reduction Surgery." American Journal of Rhinology 12, no. 3 (May 1998): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065898781390145.

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Lasers using different wavelengths and delivery systems have been used to reduce the inferior turbinate mass when hypertrophic inferior turbinates obstruct the nasal airway. Different laser systems produce different laser-tissue interactions. This study presents a comparison between three laser systems: CO2, Nd:YAG, and Diode lasers for inferior turbinate reduction surgery, all performed under endoscopic control. A total of 46 patients were randomized into three treatment groups and followed for more than 1 year. Subjective and objective data were collected. Subjective impressions of improved nasal airway was achieved in 41% (Diode), 47% (Nd: YAG) and 57% (CO2) and was not statistically significant. There was more postoperative bleeding in the CO2 laser group, with 3 patients requiring tamponade. The CO2 laser procedure also took longer to perform. These results failed to show a significant difference between the different lasers for inferior turbinate reduction. Overall, the results were not impressive.

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27

Li, Chun, Yuxin Leng, Shanming Li, and Yin Hang. "Demonstration of Diode-Pumped Yb:LaF3 and Tm,Ho:LaF3 Lasers." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 18, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020334.

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Diode-pumped solid-state lasers using novel Yb:LaF3 and Tm,Ho:LaF3 crystals as laser gain materials are demonstrated herein. The Yb:LaF3 and Tm,Ho:LaF3 crystals were grown using the Bridgman method. By matching their absorption bands, continuous-wave laser operations were achieved for the first time. The Yb:LaF3 laser obtained a maximum average output power of 1.19 W with dual wavelengths of 1028 nm and 1033 nm. The maximum average output power and slope efficiency of the Tm,Ho:LaF3 laser were 574 mW and 18.5%, respectively. The Tm,Ho:LaF3 laser exhibited two peaks at 2043 nm and 2048 nm. Both the Yb:LaF3 and Tm,Ho:LaF3 crystals were confirmed to be laser gain materials.

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Mahammed, Manaf A. "Stereo vision with laser diode distance measurement." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 18, no. 4 (July 31, 2016): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10573.

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Schaumberger, Kerstin, Michael Mödl, Vincent Mann, Stephan Roth, and Michael Schmidt. "Qualification of Direct Diode Lasers for Laser Beam Welding in Order to Enhance Process Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 882 (July 2018): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.882.127.

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Laser beam welding has become an established joining technique in automotive manufacturing. Common solid-state lasers generate high-quality joints, but they provide low energy efficiency. By contrast, direct diode lasers (DDL) have superior energy efficiency, are cheaper to purchase and additionally require less utility space. To examine the overall performance of direct diode lasers in comparison to disk lasers, welding quality and energy consumption of the two lasers have to be evaluated. Additionally, for this contribution the stability of the DDL’s beam, like temporal variation of focus position and beam shape, is examined. It is found that a focus shift takes place for longer periods of emission, but the variation of the focus diameter in the initial focal plane is negligible. As expected, the direct diode laser consumes less energy than the disk laser for the same output power. Welding experiments are conducted using four different steel alloys that are exemplary for engineering materials used in automotive manufacturing. Metallographic analysis shows that weld seam depths and widths are on average larger using the disk laser. However even with the need for higher output powers to achieve equal seam geometries the DDL consumes less energy and thereby causes less costs.

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Gao, Qian, Hengli Zhang, and Javed Fayyaz. "Laser diode partially end-pumped electro-optically Q-switched Yb:YAG slab laser." Chinese Optics Letters 17, no. 11 (2019): 111405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201917.111405.

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31

Alfianda, Alfianda, Muhammad Amin, and Risnawati Risnawati. "Perancangan Pengisian Pada Dispenser Dengan Memanfaatkan Sensor Dan Embedded System." J-Com (Journal of Computer) 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/j-com.v2i1.1246.

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Abstract: Nowadays, almost all of them use a dispenser, because of its practicality. But behind that there are several things that make the dispenser less efficient when taking drinking water from the glass, because the user has to press or turn the water tap in the dispenser. The working system of this tool is where the machine will run according to the commands obtained from the laser diode and the LDR sensor, the laser diode will reflect light that leads to the LDR. when the light reflected by the laser diode to the LDR is cut, it can be interpreted that the LDR and the laser diode detect or read the presence of an object in the form of a glass, automatically the two sensors instruct the controller to activate the water pump and the water pump will work to remove the water which will be filled in the glass that is placed in the dispenser with the volume of the glass used, the filling process and the end of filling will be displayed by the LCD and when filling the water the glass is full there will be a warning from the buzzer in the form of a sound. Users no longer need to press or turn the water tap when taking water from the dispenser using a glass. Keywords: Dispensers;LDR Sensor;Diode Laser and Tools Abstrak: Pada saat ini masyarakat sekarang sudah hampir semuanya menggunakan dispenser, karena kepraktisan. Namun dibalik itu semua ada beberapa hal yang membuat dispenser kurang efisien saat mengambil air minum pada gelas, karena pengguna harus menekan atau memutar keran air yang ada pada dispenser. Sistem kerja dari alat ini ialah dimana mesin akan berjalan sesuai dengan perintah yang didapat dari Dioda laser dan sensor LDR, Dioda laser akan memantulkan cahaya yang mengarah pada LDR, pada saat cahaya yang dipantulkan Dioda laser ke LDR terpotong maka dapat diartikan LDR dan Dioda laser mendeteksi atau membaca adanya benda berupa gelas, secara otomatis kedua sensor tersebut memerintahkan controller mengaktifkan pompa air dan pompa air akan bekerja mengeluarkan air yang akan diisikan pada gelas yang diletakkan pada dispenser dengan volume gelas yang digunakan, proses pengisian dan akhir pengisian akan ditampilkan oleh LCD dan saat pengisian air pada gelas penuh akan ada peringatan dari buzzer berupa bunyi. Pengguna tidak perlu lagi menekan atau memutar keran air saat mengambil air pada dispenser menggunakan gelas. Kata Kunci : Dispenser;Sensor LDR;Dioda Laser dan Alat

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KAN, Hirofumi, Takeshi KANZAKI, Hirofumi MIYAJIMA, Yukihiro ITO, and Teruo HIRUMA. "Laser-Diode Pumped High Power Solid-State Lasers. High Power Laser Diode Arrays." Review of Laser Engineering 24, no. 3 (1996): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.334.

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Li, Zai Jin, Yi Qu, Te Li, Peng Lu, Bao Xue Bo, Guo Jun Liu, and Xiao Hui Ma. "The Characteristics of Facet Coatings on Diode Lasers." Advanced Materials Research 1089 (January 2015): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1089.202.

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The effect of the output power with different facet passivation methods on 980 nm graded index waveguide structure InGaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes was studied. The output power of the 980 nm laser diodes with Si passivation, and ZnSe passivation at the front and the back facet were compared. The test results show that output power of the ZnSe passivation method is 11% higher than Si passivation method. The laser diode with the Si passivation film is failure when current is 5.1 A, the laser diode with the ZnSe passivation film is not failure until current is 5.6 A And we analyzed the failure reasons for each method. In conclusion, the method of coated ZnSe passivation on the laser diode facet can effectively increase the output power of semiconductor lasers.

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34

Ismiyatin, Kun, Leidy Herlin Rumbiak, Widya Saraswati, Sri Kunarti, and Anuj Bhardwaj. "Effect of 405 nm Diode Laser with Varying Irradiation Time on BHK-21 Fibroblast Viability." Conservative Dentistry Journal 9, no. 1 (December 5, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/cdj.v9i1.2019.13-18.

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Background: Laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation; it can be used for surgery, detoxification, bio stimulation and antibacterial. However, lasers have Biphasic Dose Response (BDR), which is bio stimulation and bio inhibition. To determine if 405 nm laser diode is biocompatible, viability test is necessary before these lasers can be labeled as viable to use in dental therapy. Aim: To prove the variation of radiation time of the 405 nm laser diode radiation can cause bio stimulation and bio inhibition response that affects the viability of BHK-21 fibroblast cells. Method: Viability test was carried out using BHK-21 fibroblast cells which were inserted into 96-well microplate, then radiated with 405 nm laser diode with varying irradiation time of 30s, 60s, 120s, 240s and 480s. After radiation, the cells are then incubated for 24h. Cytotoxicity was observed using MTT assay and ELISA reader. Data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene Test, Welch ANOVA, and Tukey HSD. Results: BHK-21 fibroblast cells radiated with 405 nm laser diode with radiation time of 30s, 60s, 120s, and 240s have the same viability as the control cell, while at 480 seconds the viability exceeds that of the control cell. Conclusion: 405 nm laser diode with radiation times of 30s, 60s, 120s, and 240s do not affect the viability of BHK-21 fibroblast cells. Meanwhile, 480s irradiation time of 405 nm laser diode causes bio stimulation response that increases the viability of BHK-21 fibroblast cells.

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Jang, Mu-Yeon, Chan-Jung Kim, Jeong-Woo Park, Seung-Yub Baek, and Tae-Wan Kim. "Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surface with Curved Grooves Using High Power Diode Laser." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 4968–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19265.

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Most studies on hydrophobic surfaces processed by lasers rely on the use of pico- or femtosecond lasers. However, in industrial application, the fabrication methods using pico- or femtosecond lasers have the disadvantages of high cost and low efficiency In this study, we tried to fabricate hydrophobic surfaces using a high-power general-purpose diode laser. We have fabricated various micro/nano hierarchical structures for aluminum (Al5052) surface using laser groove processing technology. The surface of laser ablated micro structure is decorated with nano roughness, resulting in micro/nano hierarchical structure. Specimen with curved grooves are fabricated, and the correlation of wettability characteristics with spaces, widths, and curvature radii of grooves are presented. It was found that the higher contact angle was formed with a decrease of the curvature radius. We have also fabricated specimens with various micro-wavy surface pattern. The water droplets on the micro-wavy pattern kept the spherical shape with a high contact angle of 165 degrees or more.

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Taubmann, Gerhard, Harold Jones, H. D. Rudolph, and Michio Takami. "Diode laser spectroscopy of the Fermi diad of OF2." Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 120, no. 1 (November 1986): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(86)90072-x.

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Horn, Wolfgang. "Strategies for Polymer Welding with High-Power Diode Lasers." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.277.

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Diode lasers have become an important tool for polymer welding in automotive industries, in medical and electronics manufacturing. High efficiency and well fitting beam quality make them a perfect tool for industrial applications. With adapted optics it is possible to fit the laser spot shape to the geometry of the work piece. Galvo scanners are the most flexible tool to apply local and precise dose of heat to the work piece. If this flexibility is not needed, the laser spot can be customized by optics to line, circular or arbitrary shaped geometries. For joining transparent parts either an absorbing layer or diode lasers with a wavelength of 1940 nm can be used.

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Naghsh, Narges, Mahdi Kachuie, Marzie Kachuie, and Reza Birang. "Evaluation of the Effects of 660-nm and 810-nm Low-Level Diode Lasers on the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 11, no. 2 (March 15, 2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2020.22.

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Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity is a common oral problem that occurs as a short and sharp pain. There are many techniques to treat this condition, the latest of which is laser treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two types of low-power diode lasers (660 nm and 810 nm) on dentin hypersensitivity in order to achieve an acceptable clinical application by adjusting the effective parameters. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind clinical trial, sensitive teeth of 7 patients were divided into three groups with a randomized matching method: group I, treated with 660-nm diode laser irradiation, group II, treated with diode laser 810-nm, and group III, the control group. Irradiation parameters for 660-nm and 810-nm diode lasers were the power of 30 mW and 100 mW respectively, in contact and continuous modes, perpendicular to the tooth surface with a sweeping motion. Treatments were carried out in four sessions at weekly intervals. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS 22, using one-way repeated measures ANOVA and the LSD (least significant difference) test. The significance level was considered as P≤0.05. Results: There were no significant differences in visual analogue scale (VAS) score changes between the two laser groups after the intervention in the first, second and third weeks compared to the baseline (P>0.05). These changes in the fourth week were significantly higher in the 810-nm laser group compared to the 660-nm laser group (P=0.04), and in the 660-nm laser group, they were more than the control group (P=0.02). The mean VAS scores at 1-week, 1-month and 2-month postoperative intervals were significantly lower in the 810-nm laser group than in the 660-nm laser group, and in the 660-nm laser group, they were less than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of 660-nm and 810-nm diode lasers with the power of 30 and 100 mW respectively for 120 seconds was effective in reducing pain in patients with dentin hypersensitivity. However, the effect of the 810-nm laser on reducing the dentin hypersensitivity was more long-lasting than that of the 660-nm laser.

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Sumpf, Bernd, Dimitrii Göring, Rainer Haseloff, Karin Herrmann, and Jens Wolfgang Tomm. "Detection of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide with pulsed tunable PbS1-xSex-diode lasers." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 54, no. 2 (1989): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19890284.

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The purpose of this paper is to report our results on the detection and spectroscopic parameters of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide using high resolution linear diode laser spectroscopy with pulsed tunable PbS1-xSex homolasers. The parameters of pulsed diode lasers used in spectroscopy for various gases are discussed. The application of the diode laser spectrometer for CO gas detection at ppm level illustrates the sensitivity of the equipment.

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Xiaofang Yang, Xiaofang Yang, Haitao Huang Haitao Huang, Deyuan Shen Deyuan Shen, Heyuan Zhu Heyuan Zhu, and Dingyuan Tang Dingyuan Tang. "2.1 μm Ho:LuAG ceramic laser intracavity pumped by a diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser." Chinese Optics Letters 12, no. 12 (2014): 121405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.121405.

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Qian Zhang, Qian Zhang, Liangbi Su Liangbi Su, Dapeng Jiang Dapeng Jiang, Fengkai Ma Fengkai Ma, Zhipeng Qin Zhipeng Qin, Guoqiang Xie Guoqiang Xie, Jiangang Zheng Jiangang Zheng, et al. "Highly efficient continuous-wave laser operation of laser diode-pumped Nd,Y:CaF2 crystals." Chinese Optics Letters 13, no. 7 (2015): 071402–71405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201513.071402.

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Uehara, Noboru, and Ken-ichi Ueda. "Ultrahigh-Stabilized Laser-Diode Pumped Nd:YAG Lasers." Review of Laser Engineering 21, no. 5 (1993): 590–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.21.5_590.

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43

Gerginov, Vladislav, Brian Laughman, Diana DiBerardino, Robert J. Rafac, Steven T. Ruggiero, and Carol E. Tanner. "Diode lasers for fast-beam laser experiments." Optics Communications 187, no. 1-3 (January 2001): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(00)01103-2.

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Chengwei Li, Chengwei Li, Zhen Huang Zhen Huang, and Xiaogang Sun Xiaogang Sun. "Infrasound detection by laser diode self-mixing interferometry." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 2 (2013): 021201–21205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.021201.

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45

Saito, Keizo, Takafumi Akasi, Takahiro Akiyama, and Koichi Ikeda. "Development of Surface Radar System Using Laser Diode." JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF JAPAN 78, Appendix (1994): 387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2150/jieij1980.78.appendix_387.

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K., Hana Hasan. "Use Diode Laser to Estimate Foot Diabetes Disease." NeuroQuantology 18, no. 4 (April 20, 2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2020.18.4.nq20157.

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47

Williamson, James M., Robert J. Bowling, and Richard L. McCreery. "Near-Infrared Raman Spectroscopy with a 783-nm Diode Laser and CCD Array Detector." Applied Spectroscopy 43, no. 3 (March 1989): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894203048.

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A GaAlAs diode laser operating at 783 nm was combined with an unintensified charge coupled device (CCD) array detector and single grating spectrograph to obtain near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectra. The spectrometer has no moving parts and retains the high sensitivity expected for multichannel, shot-noise-limited detectors. Diode laser excitation permits high-sensitivity Raman spectroscopy with reduced fluorescence interference, in comparison to that produced with conventional visible lasers. The diode laser/CCD approach should exhibit much higher sensitivity than FT-Raman systems operating at 1064 nm, at much lower laser power. The sensitivity of the system was demonstrated by an S/N ratio of 17 for the 981-cm−1 band of 0.01 M (NH4)2SO4, obtained with 30 mW of 783 nm laser power.

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Alsaddah, Mohammed, Ashfaq Khan, Kristian Groom, and Kamran Mumtaz. "Use of 450-808 nm diode lasers for efficient energy absorption during powder bed fusion of Ti6Al4V." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 113, no. 9-10 (February 21, 2021): 2461–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06774-4.

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AbstractThe additive manufacturing process selective laser melting (SLM) uses a powder bed fusion approach to fully melt layers of powdered metal and create 3D components. Current SLM systems are equipped with either single or multiple (up to four) high-power galvo-scanning infrared fibre laser sources operating at a fixed wavelength of 1064 nm. At this wavelength, a limited laser energy absorption takes place for most metals (e.g. alloys of aluminium have less than 10% absorption and titanium 50-60% absorption). The lower absorption of 1064-nm laser sources requires higher laser powers to compensate for the loss of energy due to reflectivity and fully melt the feedstock material. This makes the use of 1064-nm lasers within current powder bed fusion SLM systems energy inefficient. Further to this, there is limited potential for scale-up of these laser sources within an SLM system architecture due to physical space requirements and high economic cost, placing further limitations on current state-of-the-art SLM productivity. This research investigates the use of low power, highly scalable fibre coupled diode laser sources and the influence of shorter laser wavelengths (450–808 nm) on material absorption and processing efficiency using a diode area melting (DAM) approach. It was found that when processing Ti6Al4V, absorption was 11% higher using 450-nm lasers when compared to using 808-nm lasers and 14% higher than 1064-nm lasers. The maximum powder bed temperature for irradiation at 450 nm and 808 nm was 1920 0C and 1760 0C respectively when using only 3.5 W of laser power. Due to the speed at which the DAM process scans the powder bed, the melt pool cooling rate was much slower (750–1400 0C/s) than traditional SLM (105–106 0C/s). This encouraged the development of β phases within the formed Ti6Al4V component. The low power, low cost, highly compact short wavelength diode laser is viable energy source for future powder bed fusion additive manufacturing systems, with potential for productivity scale-up using a DAM methodology.

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Oozeki, Hidekazu, Hiroki Masuda, Kaoru Miyata, Toshiaki Matsuura, and Tomotaka Takahashi. "Portable 532 nm Iodine-Stabilized DPSS Laser for Length Standard." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1047–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1047.

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A diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) laser, such as a Nd:YAG green laser, has become smaller in size , lower in cost and higher in performance. Therefore, the DPSS lasers are widely used in many industries. For a laser interferometers and secondly length standards, stable light sources are in demand. We have developed 532 nm iodine-stabilized DPSS lasers used for the applications. The lasers have following features ; compact design (D 280×W 170×H 120 mm), high power (3 mW) , high stability ( < 1×10-10 : allann deviation k=1 at τ=1 sec), and easy operation.

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Reyes, Reynaldo, Gabriel Altuna, and Ciro Carhuancho. "SISTEMA DE DIODO LASER SINTONIZABLE EN FRECUENCIA PARA APLICACIONES EN LA ESPECTROSCOPIA." Revista Cientifica TECNIA 24, no. 2 (February 8, 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21754/tecnia.v24i2.42.

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En este trabajo, describimos un sistema simple y practico para controlar la operación de un diodo láser en una frecuencia específica mediante el uso de una cavidad óptica externa. Nosotros mostramos que para una corriente y temperatura fijas, el láser puede oscilar selectivamente en frecuencias diferentes controlando la longitud de la cavidad externa. Este sistema láser fue utilizado con éxito en un experimento de espectroscopia de absorción saturada en la línea D2 del cesio. Palabras clave.- Espectroscopía, Diodo laser, Cesio, Física atómica. ABSTRACTIn this work, we describe a practical and simple system to control the operation of a diode laser in a specific frequency using an external optical cavity. We show that fixing the current and temperature, the laser can oscillate selectively at different frequencies by controlling the longitude of the external cavity. This system laser was used with success in an experiment of absorption saturated spectroscopy at the line D2 of cesium. Keywords.- Spectroscopy, Diode laser, Cesium, Atomic physics.

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