Academic literature on the topic 'Laser development programme'
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Journal articles on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Jilete, B., A. Mancas, T. Flohrer, and H. Krag. "OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS IN ESA'S SSA PROGRAMME." Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica Serie de Conferencias 51 (April 13, 2019): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ia.14052059p.2019.51.24.
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This paper describes the current and planned optical observations initiatives at ESA’s SSA Programme. Several coordinated observation campaigns comprising some sensors have been performed. First qualification results from one of these sensors, SHOT telescope from Teplice Observatory are presented. The concept of an Expert Centre facilitating the SSA space surveillance and tracking (SST) segment’s use of optical passive and laser ranging data from external sensors is detailed that is found relevant for the community of optical observers in SST. ESA’s two half-metre class telescopes on robotic mounts have been integrated in the frame of a technology development programme. Following an in-factory qualification programme, under human supervision and involving commercial, off-the-shelf processing software, for full-end autonomy and robustness testing, the deployment to final sites, covering both hemispheres, is expected to finalise in 2018. Main figure of merits of these robotic telescopes are described.
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Arcoumanis, C., J. H. Whitelaw, W. Hentschel, and K.-P. Schindler. "Flow and Combustion in a Transparent 1.9 Litre Direct Injection Diesel Engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 208, no. 3 (July 1994): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_182_02.
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Two identical 1.9 litre direct injection (DI) diesel engines having optical access for application of laser diagnostics were operated at Volkswagen and Imperial College as part of the European programme (IDEA) on diesel engines. A variety of complementary laser-based techniques were used to characterize the flow-generating capacity of the intake system under steady flow conditions, the in-cylinder flow during induction and compression as well as the spray development, auto-ignition and combustion under three typical engine operating conditions. The most important results of this programme are presented and discussed here in view of their implications for improved combustion and reduction of exhaust emissions in small direct injection diesel engines, through better matching of the spray characteristics with the in-cylinder flow as a function of engine speed and load. The results were obtained in sufficient detail to allow validation of the multi-dimensional computer code developed within the IDEA programme.
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Carruth, J. A. S. "Medical laser code of safe practice produced by the laser safety working party of the European Community concerted action programme on medical laser development." Technology and Health Care 5, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-1997-5501.
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Shaw, M. J., B. Edwards, G. J. Hirst, C. J. Hooker, M. H. Key, A. K. Kidd, J. M. D. Lister, I. N. Ross, R. Bailly-Salins, and E. C. Harvey. "Development of high-performance KrF and Raman laser facilities for inertial confinement fusion and other applications." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 2 (June 1993): 331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004936.
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This article describes the current status of the KrF development programme based on the Sprite laser system at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. High reliability and high shot rate have been demonstrated. Using a unique KrF-pumped Raman laser architecture, beam brightness exceeding 2×1019 Wcm-2 sterad-1 giving a focussed intensity >5 ×1017 Wcm-2 has been achieved. The development of transform-limited short-pulse oscillators is shown to be of importance in avoiding spectral broadening in air propagation of high-intensity beams. Beam smoothing of KrF beams in a multiplexed configuration has been demonstrated for the first time. The technique of echelon-free induced spatial incoherence has been shown to produce smooth intensity distributions in the far field, which remain essentially unchanged on amplification. The development of pulsed-power systems capable of exciting multikilojoule laser amplifiers for the next phase of development, the Supersprite system, is briefly discussed.
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NG, EDDIE Y. K., C. T. GOH, and P. J. WONG. "EVALUATION OF ACUPUNCTURE WEIGHT LOSS PROGRAMME USING LASER DOPPLER PERFUSION IMAGING." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 06, no. 02 (June 2006): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519406001844.
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Recent development of non-invasive and remote sensing modalities such as the Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager (LDPI) technology for probing the skin blood perfusion and its spatial variability over a region of interest, allows for detailed analysis of alterations in skin blood perfusion, with virtually no disturbance of the microcirculation under study. In this study, we have investigated perfusion flux pattern changes obtained from the abdominal area of 30 Chinese male patients (mean age of 26, presented only 2 typical cases) undergoing an acupuncture slimming course. The objective was to study the alterations in skin blood flux by detailed analysis of the Doppler images taken before, during which and after the insertion of needles. We explained the correlation of alterations of skin blood flux with the flow of Qi and the losses of body weight and body fat content. The purpose was to quantify a relationship between changes in perfusion flux pattern and the efficacy of weight loss through acupuncture. In conclusion, this study affirmed that skin blood perfusion flux values in the abdominal area were the highest, whilst the acupuncture needles were inserted. There is also evidence that the increased flux values occurred along the meridian channels of acupuncture, thereby acknowledging the flow of Qi in them. Hence, further clinical studies in the use of LDPI to investigate acupuncture with more subjects are warranted.
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Franchoo, Serge, Maher Cheikh Mhamed, Ruohong Li, Enrique Minaya Ramirez, Liss Vazquez-Rodriguez, and Deyan Yordanov. "Charting Terra Incognita at Alto and S3." EPJ Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819304012.
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Charting Terra Incognita is a project grant that brings together the IPN Orsay, CSNSM Orsay and Irfu-SPHN laboratories around the common development of knowhow, equipment and techniques for mass spectrometry and nuclear spectroscopy at the low-energy branch of the new S3 spectrometer at Ganil, where likewise the Reglis set-up for intrajet laser spectroscopy is entering its final phase of construction. At the same time its concerted action initiates and sets the pace for the corresponding precursor physics programme at the Alto on-line isotope-separation facility, based on the photofission of uranium. We also collect a review of the Alto laser ion source, which is an essential instrument at any low-energy facility for the production of purified isotopic beams.
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Jayakumar, Tammana, and Ellappan Rajendra Kumar. "Indian Test Blanket Module in ITER - Development of RAFM Steel and Fabrication Technology." Advances in Science and Technology 94 (October 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.94.1.
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A detailed and comprehensive programme is undertaken in India to fabricate Indian Test Blanket Module (TBM) to be tested in ITER. Development of India-specific Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steel has been realized through melting and physical and mechanical properties characterization of several heats of 9Cr-RAFM steel with varying tungsten and tantalum contents. The RAFM steel having 1.4 wt. % tungsten and 0.06 wt. % tantalum is found to possess better combination of strength and toughness and is considered as India-specific RAFM steel. Different joining processes for fabrication of TBM have been assessed. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been demonstrated to fabricate the first wall of TBM. To avoid channel collapse during HIPing, leachable ceramic cores were inserted in the channels. Electron Beam (EB) and Laser Welding processes are used for fabrication of breeder cassettes and hence, these welding procedures have been developed. Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), Narrow Gap TIG (NG-TIG) and Laser Hybrid welding processes are being considered for integration of the various components such as first wall, back plate, bottom plate, breeder assembly and flow dividers into TBM. RAFM steel welding consumables have also been developed and qualified. Procedure for laser hybrid welding has also been developed. Necessary technologies for inspection and quality assurance of the fabricated TBM are also being developed. Use of ultrasonic C-Scan imaging to examine the bond integrity of the HIP joint has been demonstrated. Phased Array technique that would enable inspection of welds by longitudinal movement of the probe from an optimised lateral distance of the weld without the requirement of lateral movement has also been developed. The challenges in developing the India-specific RAFM steel and the fabrication and inspection technologies for fabrication of Indian TBM are presented.
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Romaniuk, Ryszard S. "ARIES – Development of Accelerator Technology in Europe 2017-2020: Global and Local Consequences." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2017-0015.
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Abstract The article describes chosen, yet key parts of newly established European, infrastructural research and development project ARIES (2017-2020) - Accelerator Research and Innovation for European Science and Society, to be realized inside the framework of the H2020 programme. Two institutions from Poland participate in ARIES – these are Warsaw University of Technology and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. ARIES is a topical continuation of the previous infrastructural accelerator projects realized uninterruptedly since 2003 – FP6 CARE – Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe and FP7 TIARA – Test Infrastructure and Accelerator Research Area, EuCARD – European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development, and EuCARD2. The article is simultaneously a part of a series of papers concerning the participation of Polish doctoral students and young researchers, especially from the Warsaw University of Technology, in large European and world experiments of the discovery class, including building large research infrastructures like: FLASH and EXFEL, ESS, ITER and DEMO, IFMIF, but also satellites built by the ESA, etc. ARIES embraces, among others, the following subjects: energy efficiency and management, cost lowering, miniaturization and ultra-high field gradients, promotion innovation, industrial applications, societal implications, new materials and components, new methods of particles acceleration including laser-plasma-particles interaction, and building new generations of systems.
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Agnello, Maria, Roberto Chiarelli, Chiara Martino, Liana Bosco, and Maria Carmela Roccheri. "Autophagy is required for sea urchin oogenesis and early development." Zygote 24, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199416000253.
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SummaryAutophagy is a major intracellular pathway for the degradation and recycling of cytosolic components. Emerging evidence has demonstrated its crucial role during the embryo development of invertebrates and vertebrates. We recently demonstrated a massive activation of autophagy in Paracentrotus lividus embryos under cadmium stress conditions, and the existence of a temporal relationship between induced autophagy and apoptosis. Although there have been numerous studies on the role of autophagy in the development of different organisms, information on the autophagic process during oogenesis or at the start of development in marine invertebrates is very limited. Here we report our recent data on the occurrence of autophagy at these key phases of development. In order to investigate autophagy trends we performed in vivo assays to detect autophagolysomes, as well as in situ analysis with anti-LC3 antibody to detect autophagosomes before the fusion with lysosomes. From data generated through confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantification of autophagic signals we have drawn several unequivocal conclusions. The results showed a copious and rising number of autophagic organelles that had specific localization. Interestingly the increase in autophagy that occurred just after fertilization has been proved to be crucial for correct initiation of the developmental programme: irreversible developmental delays and morphologic anomalies were induced by short autophagic inhibition. This work focused on the sea urchin model system and corroborates evidence on the need for self-digestion during development, enriching the knowledge on autophagy, a biological mechanism belonging to evolutionarily different organisms.
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Scanlon, Peter H., Stephen J. Aldington, Jose Leal, Ramon Luengo-Fernandez, Jason Oke, Sobha Sivaprasad, Anastasios Gazis, and Irene M. Stratton. "Development of a cost-effectiveness model for optimisation of the screening interval in diabetic retinopathy screening." Health Technology Assessment 19, no. 74 (September 2015): 1–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta19740.
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BackgroundThe English NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme was established in 2003. Eligible people are invited annually for digital retinal photography screening. Those found to have potentially sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) are referred to surveillance clinics or to Hospital Eye Services.ObjectivesTo determine whether personalised screening intervals are cost-effective.DesignRisk factors were identified in Gloucestershire, UK using survival modelling. A probabilistic decision hidden (unobserved) Markov model with a misgrading matrix was developed. This informed estimation of lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) in patients without STDR. Two personalised risk stratification models were employed: two screening episodes (SEs) (low, medium or high risk) or one SE with clinical information (low, medium–low, medium–high or high risk). The risk factor models were validated in other populations.SettingGloucestershire, Nottinghamshire, South London and East Anglia (all UK).ParticipantsPeople with diabetes in Gloucestershire with risk stratification model validation using data from Nottinghamshire, South London and East Anglia.Main outcome measuresPersonalised risk-based algorithm for screening interval; cost-effectiveness of different screening intervals.ResultsData were obtained in Gloucestershire from 12,790 people with diabetes with known risk factors to derive the risk estimation models, from 15,877 people to inform the uptake of screening and from 17,043 people to inform the health-care resource-usage costs. Two stratification models were developed: one using only results from previous screening events and one using previous screening and some commonly available GP data. Both models were capable of differentiating groups at low and high risk of development of STDR. The rate of progression to STDR was 5 per 1000 person-years (PYs) in the lowest decile of risk and 75 per 1000 PYs in the highest decile. In the absence of personalised risk stratification, the most cost-effective screening interval was to screen all patients every 3 years, with a 46% probability of this being cost-effective at a £30,000 per QALY threshold. Using either risk stratification models, screening patients at low risk every 5 years was the most cost-effective option, with a probability of 99-100% at a £30,000 per QALY threshold. For the medium-risk groups screening every 3 years had a probability of 43 –48% while screening high-risk groups every 2 years was cost-effective with a probability of 55–59%.ConclusionsThe study found that annual screening of all patients for STDR was not cost-effective. Screening this entire cohort every 3 years was most likely to be cost-effective. When personalised intervals are applied, screening those in our low-risk groups every 5 years was found to be cost-effective. Screening high-risk groups every 2 years further improved the cost-effectiveness of the programme. There was considerable uncertainty in the estimated incremental costs and in the incremental QALYs, particularly with regard to implications of an increasing proportion of maculopathy cases receiving intravitreal injection rather than laser treatment. Future work should focus on improving the understanding of risk, validating in further populations and investigating quality issues in imaging and assessment including the potential for automated image grading.Study registrationIntegrated Research Application System project number 118959.Funding detailsThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Lewis, R. R. "Mechanisms of copper vapour lasers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233563.
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Dahlan, Akehsan. "The development and testing of the Lively Later Life Programme (3LP) for institutionalised elderly people in Malaysia." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2011. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7404.
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Changes in demographic characteristics and modernisation in Malaysia have contributed to relocation of many elderly people to an elderly institution which is rapidly growing in number in Malaysia in spite of traditional cultural values and the personal beliefs towards elderly people. Living in elderly institutions is often associated with deterioration in well-being as a result of negative issues in institutions such as occupational injustice, loss of meaningful relationships, loss of autonomy and individuality which lead to psychological problems such as depression. Subsequently these issues affect several domains in life including future orientation towards ageing (ERA), general self-efficacy (GSE) and quality of life (QoL). Various lifestyle redesign programmes based on occupational therapy have been conducted to prevent such deterioration. However, such programmes are conducted in Western countries and were design for elderly people in the community. To date, there is no substantial work exploring the applicability of such programmes to elderly people in institutions and in different sets of cultures, values and beliefs such as in Malaysia. This provides justification for the need for such a study. The aim of this concurrent embedded experimental mixed methods study was to explore the effect, and identify the ideographic experience, of forty-six elderly people living in a public funded elderly people institution in Malaysia before and after participated in a new lifestyle redesign programme known as the Lively Later Life Programme (3LP) on ERA, GSE and QoL. Another thirty-six elderly people in a control group participated in an ‘in-house’ programme. After six months of taking part in the 3LP, there were statistical significant changes in the scores of the study measures for the participants in the experimental group. In addition, the participants provided ideographic experiences exemplified in various themes relating to the experience of taking part in the 3LP which supported and elaborated the changes in the scores of the study measures. Findings from this study contribute to evidence based practice in occupational therapy, validate and expand previous lifestyle redesign programmes. In addition, the findings demonstrate that a lifestyle redesign programme based on occupational therapy can be successfully transferred to a different setting, transcend cultural barriers and philosophies of life.
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Brown, Steven Andrew. "Development of a coupled finite element - boundary element program for a microcomputer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45713.
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This thesis describes the development of a coupled finite element — boundary element program for a microcomputer. The steps outlined in the thesis include the adaptation of a mainframe—based boundary element code for use on a microcomputer, the Verification of this program with sample problems, the development of an algorithm for coupling the Finite Element Method to the Boundary Element Method, the implementation of the coupling
algorithm with finite element and boundary element codes, including the development of a Constant Strain Triangular finite element, and the Verification of the coupled program with sample problems. Conclusions are drawn from the results presented, and suggestions are made for future research in this area.Master of Science
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Cruz, Cláudia Marcela Santos da. "“Crescer com Lazer - R”: estudo piloto de adaptação de um programa de desenvolvimento positivo para adolescentes em risco psicossocial." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/61447.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em PsicologiaApesar da ainda escassez de programas de intervenção para o desenvolvimento positivo dirigidos a adolescentes em risco psicossocial, a relevância dos mesmos tem-se evidenciado recentemente. O presente estudo piloto tem como objetivos: (1) a adaptação do programa de desenvolvimento positivo em grupo “Crescer com Lazer…” a esta população de adolescentes, e respetiva implementação; (2) a exploração das perceções dos participantes sobre o programa adaptado e as suas sessões; e (3) a avaliação do efeito do mesmo em variáveis do desenvolvimento positivo (atitudes face ao lazer, satisfação no lazer, autoestima e satisfação com a vida). Participaram no estudo 8 adolescentes do sexo feminino em risco psicossocial. As adolescentes do grupo experimental participaram no programa e responderam a fichas de avaliação das sessões e do programa como um todo. Responderam, ainda, a questionários relativos às variáveis do desenvolvimento positivo nos momentos do pré e pós-teste, tal como o grupo de comparação. Os dados das fichas de avaliação revelaram uma apreciação muito positiva das sessões e do programa. Os resultados mostram também uma tendência para o aumento dos níveis de autoestima e satisfação com a vida no grupo experimental. Corrobora-se, assim, a pertinência deste programa de desenvolvimento positivo adaptado dirigido a adolescentes em risco psicossocial e a necessidade de estudos futuros para a validação do mesmo.
Despite the scarcity of intervention programs for positive development aimed at adolescents at psychosocial risk, the relevance of these programs has recently been shown. The presente pilot study has as aims: (1) the adaptation of the positive development group program "Growing-up with Leisure ..." to this population of adolescents, and its implementation; (2) the exploration of participants' perceptions about the adapted program and its sessions; and (3) the evaluation of its effect on variables of positive development (attitudes towards leisure, leisure satisfaction, self-esteem and satisfaction with life). Eight female adolescents at psychosocial risk participated in the study. The adolescents from the experimental group participated in the program and answered the evaluation sheets of the sessions and the program as a whole. They also answered questionnaires related to positive development variables on the pre and posttest moments, such as the comparison group. The data from the evaluation sheets revealed a very positive assessment of the sessions and the program. The results also show a tendency to increase the levels of self-esteem and satisfaction with life in the experimental group. This corroborates the relevance of this adapted positive development program aimed at adolescents at psychosocial risk and the need of future studies to validate it.
Books on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Macnab, Andrew J., Abdallah Daar, and Christoff Pauw, eds. Health in Transition: Translating developmental origins of health and disease science to improve future health in Africa. African Sun Media, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781928357759.
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At STIAS, the ‘Health in Transition’ theme includes a programme to address the epidemic rise in the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, coronary heart disease and stroke in Africa. The aim is to advance awareness, research capacity and knowledge translation of science related to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) as a means of preventing NCDs in future generations. Application of DOHaD science is a promising avenue for prevention, as this field is identifying how health and nutrition from conception through the first 1 000 days of life can dramatically impact a developing individual’s future life course, and specifically predicate whether or not they are programmed in infancy to develop NCDs in later life. Prevention of NCDs is an essential strategy as, if unchecked, the burden of caring for a growing and ageing population with these diseases threatens to consume entire health budgets, as well as negatively impact the quality of life of millions. Africa in particular needs specific, focussed endeavors to realize the maximal preventive potential of DOHaD science, and a means of generating governmental and public awareness about the links between health in infancy and disease in adult life. This volume summarizes the expertise and experience of a leading group of international scientists led by Abdallah Daar brought together at STIAS as part of the ‘Health in Transition’ programme.
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Mastroianni, George R. Age and Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638238.003.0008.
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Chapter 8 examines the relevance of age and developmental differences during the Nazi years in Germany. Some psychologists (Lewin, Erikson) argued that German culture at the time was characterized by a pattern of child-rearing practices that tended to produce the personality pattern later identified as authoritarian. The German population was demographically tilted toward the young when the Nazis came to power, and the Nazi party itself disproportionately attracted and elevated young people. The Nazi regime directed special effort to the indoctrination of young people and initiated significant changes in the educational system to better integrate German youth into the Nazi program. The Nazis sought to use the malleability of youth to achieve their own ends; psychologists have also considered ways to shape early experiences in more constructive directions.
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Dinan, Desmond. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199570829.003.0001.
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This edition examines the origins and evolution of the European Union and the development of European integration from the immediate post-World War II period, when politicians and the public seemed willing to share national sovereignty for the sake of greater security, to the shock of the eurozone crisis nearly seventy years later, when the EU lacked public and political support. Far from existing in isolation, the volume shows that the European Community and, later, the EU was inextricably linked with broader regional and international developments throughout that time. It features contributions from leading scholars of the EU, who discuss a wide range of issues including the common agricultural policy (CAP), the single market programme, the economic and monetary union (EMU), and EU enlargement.
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Kayat, Kalsom. Homestay programme as a Malaysian tourism product. UUM press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789675311673.
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This book discusses the homestay programme in Malaysia in the context of tourism product.It begins by looking into the evolution of tourism in Malaysia, focusing on its growth and development.Tourism product is an important component of any tourism destination, thus the book later looks into the product concept as well as the development of tourism products in Malaysia.Malaysia has many natural, cultural and man-made tourist products and attractions that can potentially pull tourists to its shore.The rest of the book then turns into the discussion of the Malaysian homestay programme.The programme, which can be categorized as Malaysias rural cultural tourism product may well be a way to reinvigorate tourism as it is an initiative to attract alternative tourist markets due to its unique product elements.Different perspectives and conceptual frameworks are used in looking at the homestay programme specifically in the area of product benefits, tourist experience, resident perceptions, and product quality. The elements of the programme are identified and the outcomes explored.Finally, issues surrounding the programme are discussed and recommendations on future management of the programme are offered. The book is hoped to answer enquiries about the unique homestay programme in Malaysia, if not completely, at least partially.
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Geismer, Lily. A Multiracial World. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157238.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity (METCO) and its commitment to equal opportunity and changing individual attitudes through one-on-one interaction. While METCO offered a rare example of interracial and urban–suburban cooperation, its focus on collective benefits rather than collective responsibility had wide-ranging consequences. Tracing the development of METCO offers an important case study of the trade-offs that suburban liberal activists made in their quests to achieve social justice. The organizers' pragmatic approach ensured the acceptance of the program in the suburbs and paved the way for later support of diversity claims about the value of affirmative action. This strategy, nevertheless, fortified the consumer-based and individualist dimensions of the Route 128 political culture. It ultimately made community members more resistant to grappling with the systemic and historical circumstances that necessitated programs like METCO and affirmative action in the first place.
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J, Schleien Stuart, ed. Lifelong leisure skills and lifestyles for persons with developmental disabilities. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1995.
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Touber, Jetze. Introduction: Spinoza and Biblical Philology in the Dutch Republic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805007.003.0001.
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The introductory chapter sketches the broad developments in Early Modern philology, essential for appreciating Spinoza’s biblical criticism, set against the background of seventeenth-century Dutch society. A historiographical discussion outlines the interfaces between Spinoza’s biblical criticism, Early Modern hermeneutics, and Dutch Reformed theology and ecclesiology. A methodological section introduces the reader to two key concepts: ‘philology’ and ‘scripturarianism’. ‘Philology’ is used to refer to a set of techniques employed to understand the literal wording of ancient texts in their historical contexts: textual criticism, language studies, and historical contextualization, including antiquarianism and chronology. The word ‘scripturarianism’ denotes the continuation of a humanist programme of philological investigation of the Bible in the later seventeenth century, a programme that was increasingly controversial. Concentrating on these aspects in biblical interpretation, seventeenth-century debates regain a measure of complexity that currently threatens to be lost because of a one-sided fascination for rationalist philosophy.
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Omstedt, Anders. The Development of Climate Science of the Baltic Sea Region. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.654.
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Dramatic climate changes have occurred in the Baltic Sea region caused by changes in orbital movement in the earth–sun system and the melting of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. Added to these longer-term changes, changes have occurred at all timescales, caused mainly by variations in large-scale atmospheric pressure systems due to competition between the meandering midlatitude low-pressure systems and high-pressure systems. Here we follow the development of climate science of the Baltic Sea from when observations began in the 18th century to the early 21st century. The question of why the water level is sinking around the Baltic Sea coasts could not be answered until the ideas of postglacial uplift and the thermal history of the earth were better understood in the 19th century and periodic behavior in climate related time series attracted scientific interest. Herring and sardine fishing successes and failures have led to investigations of fishery and climate change and to the realization that fisheries themselves have strongly negative effects on the marine environment, calling for international assessment efforts. Scientists later introduced the concept of regime shifts when interpreting their data, attributing these to various causes. The increasing amount of anoxic deep water in the Baltic Sea and eutrophication have prompted debate about what is natural and what is anthropogenic, and the scientific outcome of these debates now forms the basis of international management efforts to reduce nutrient leakage from land. The observed increase in atmospheric CO2 and its effects on global warming have focused the climate debate on trends and generated a series of international and regional assessments and research programs that have greatly improved our understanding of climate and environmental changes, bolstering the efforts of earth system science, in which both climate and environmental factors are analyzed together.Major achievements of past centuries have included developing and organizing regular observation and monitoring programs. The free availability of data sets has supported the development of more accurate forcing functions for Baltic Sea models and made it possible to better understand and model the Baltic Sea–North Sea system, including the development of coupled land–sea–atmosphere models. Most indirect and direct observations of the climate find great variability and stochastic behavior, so conclusions based on short time series are problematic, leading to qualifications about periodicity, trends, and regime shifts. Starting in the 1980s, systematic research into climate change has considerably improved our understanding of regional warming and multiple threats to the Baltic Sea. Several aspects of regional climate and environmental changes and how they interact are, however, unknown and merit future research.
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Naninck, E. F. G., P. J. Lucassen, and Aniko Korosi. Consequences of Early-Life Experiences on Cognition and Emotion. Edited by Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.003.
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Perinatal experiences during a critical developmental period program brain structure and function “for life,” thereby determining vulnerability to psychopathology and cognition in adulthood. Although these functional consequences are associated with alterations in HPA-axis activity and hippocampal structure and function, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The parent-offspring relationship (i.e., sensory and nutritional inputs by the mother) is key in mediating these lasting effects. This chapter discusses how early-life events, for example, the amount of maternal care, stress, and nutrition, can affect emotional and cognitive functions later in life. Interestingly, effects of perinatal malnutrition resemble the perinatal stress-induced long-term deficits. Because stress and nutrition are closely interrelated, it proposes that altered stress hormones and changes in specific key nutrients during critical developmental periods act synergistically to program brain structure and function, possibly via epigenetic mechanisms. Understanding how the adult brain is shaped by early experiences is essential to develop behavioural and nutritional preventive therapy.
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Schuster, John A. Cartesian Physics. Edited by Jed Z. Buchwald and Robert Fox. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696253.013.4.
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This article examines the physics of René Descartes. Descartes’ natural philosophy marks a significant moment in the larger history of physics. His system of natural philosophy was a novel, daring, and intricate construction in that field, with two main sets of historical significances for later physics. Before discussing these two significant consequences of Descartes’ natural philosophy for physics, the article provides an overview of the developmental anatomy of Cartesian physics during the period 1618–1644. In particular, it considers the successes, failures, and fate of Descartes’ early physico-mathematics programme, his work on physico-mathematical optics and corpuscular dynamics, and his career inflection between 1628 and 1633. It also explores Descartes’ ideas on vortex celestial mechanics, the explanatory style of mature Cartesian physics, and his work on classical mechanics. Finally, it looks at Descartes’ concerns with realist Copernicanism.
Book chapters on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Ferrer-Wreder, Laura, Håkan Stattin, Carolyn Cass Lorente, Jonathan G. Tubman, and Lena Adamson. "Later Family Intervention." In Successful Prevention and Youth Development Programs Across Borders, 47–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9120-1_3.
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Maldonado, Yvonne A. "Impact of Fetal and Neonatal Viral (and Parasitic) Infections on Later Development and Disease Outcome." In Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series: Pediatric Program, 225–42. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000113497.
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Stajnko, Denis. "Use of Modern Digital Technologies in Agriculture in Slovenia." In MARDS Workshop Proceedings, 39–44. University of Maribor Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-409-5.5.
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The presentation summarises the development and current state-of-the-art of the Doctoral Study Programme ‘Agriculture’, and researches carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture Life Sciences in the field of the use of modern digital technologies in precision agriculture, such as the application of image analysis for fruit yield estimation. A second important topic represents the reduction of plant protection products in orchards, which is based on 3D tree reconstruction with LIDAR (Laser Detection and Ranging) and EMV (Electro Magnetic Valve) triggering in pulse width modulation. First experiments towards a future self-guided tractor driving, spraying or weed management by simply navigating a field robot has already been developed and tested.
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Elliott, Eva, Sue Cohen, and David Frayne. "The role of community anchor organisations in regulating for engagement in a devolved government setting." In Imagining Regulation Differently, 167–88. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447348016.003.0010.
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This chapter considers the role of community anchor organisations in the ‘flagship’ regeneration programme of the National Assembly for Wales, ‘Communities First’, launched in 2001 and later terminated in March 2018. It unpicks the story of the programme's evolution and demise from the perspectives of community development advisors and community development practitioners, the latter based in two community organisations in South Wales: South Riverside Community Development Centre (SRCDC) in Cardiff and 3Gs Community Development Trust in Merthyr Tydfil. Both organisations were involved in the Productive Margins programme and in the design and analysis of this research. Both pre-existed the Communities First programme and were charged with its delivery to local people. The chapter thus looks at the regulatory context in which these organisations found themselves and how they negotiated the demands of the state-funded programme, on the one hand, and their accountabilities to the communities that they believed they represented, on the other. A key question remains as to whether the involvement of community organisations in state-funded programmes can facilitate regulation for engagement for social change or whether their power to improve the well-being of the communities they represent might better be served in providing alternative modes of living.
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Pachana, Nancy A. "2. Physical and biological aspects of ageing." In Ageing: A Very Short Introduction, 22–44. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198725329.003.0002.
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‘Physical and biological aspects of ageing’ considers influences on longevity and the physical disorders commonly experienced at the end of life. It describes primary and secondary ageing and different biological theories of ageing—error and programme theories. Error theories (e.g. wear and tear theory, free radical theory, and somatic DNA damage theory) postulate that ageing and death are the result of environmental damage to the body over time. Programme theories (e.g. endocrine theory, immunological theory, and genetic theory (programmed longevity)) postulate that lifelong growth and development is genetically programmed to follow a pre-determined timeline. The ageing brain and body, and disease trajectories later in life are also considered.
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Murray, Peter, and Maria Feeney. "Social research and state planning." In Church, State and Social Science in Ireland. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526100788.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 examines the relationship between the programming state and social research. Initial crisis conditions had enabled increased social spending to be left off the government programmers’ agenda. The changed politics of increasing prosperity, as well as their own expanding ambitions, meant that this could no longer be sustained during the 1960s. Ireland’s social security provision became an object of both political debate and social scientific analysis in this period. The official response to this ferment was a Social Development Programme to which the ESRI was initially seen as a vital provider of inputs. During the 1960s a Save the West movement challenged both programmers and governing politicians. The official response to this challenge involved new structures for rural development with which the social sciences interacted as well as expanded social welfare provision to a class of smallholders whose resilience would later become an object of significant sociological study. As the 1960s proceeded, however, Irish state plans and programmes had to contend with an increasingly difficult external environment with which they ultimately failed to cope.
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Lindberg, J. Oola, and Susanne Sahlin. "A Decade Later." In Adult and Continuing Education, 1781–90. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5780-9.ch102.
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Today, an increased impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the society at large has lead teachers to engage in professional development activities related to the use of ICT. Even though this development has been prominent for more than two decades, its long term effects seem complex to determine. This paper is based on interviews with twelve Swedish teachers who participated in a national program for promoting school development and use of ICT in 2000-2001. The program was aligned with the pedagogical approaches set out in the national Swedish curriculum, such as a shift from teaching to learning and giving pupils more responsibility, introducing interdisciplinary approaches to teaching in teams, and a problem based pupils-oriented pedagogy. The analysis of the interviews show that teachers still feel a high degree of appreciation for the program, and that they share a relative agreement of the importance of the program for their teaching with ICT in the last decade. The general intentions of the program to be more concerned with school development and pedagogy rather than technology and ICT seem also to be present today as a long term effect.
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Bowling, Ann. "Measuring the quality of later life." In The New Dynamics of Ageing Volume 1. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447314721.003.0005.
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This chapter discusses research on quality of life in older age funded by the New Dynamics of Ageing Programme (NDA). Definitions of quality of life in the literature are presented, followed by older people’s own definitions and priorities, which were elicited in previous research funded by the Growing Older Programme (GO). This led to the development of The Older People’s QoL (OPQOL) questionnaire, which was fully tested in the NDA programme with three samples of older people.
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Drèze, Jean. "Child Development and Elementary Education." In Sense and Solidarity, 114–41. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833468.003.0006.
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This chapter focusses on early child care and school education. Two essays discuss India's schooling system, drawing on the seminal Public Report on Basic Education (known as PROBE report) as well as on a re‐study of the PROBE villages ten years later, in 2006. This re‐study found evidence of rapid improvement in schooling facilities as well as in school participation, especially among underprivileged groups. However, there was no improvement in classroom activity: in both surveys, half of the sample schools were idle at the time of the investigators’ visit. The other essays in this chapter discuss the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), India's only national programme for children under the six, in a rights perspective. In the mid‐2000s, far‐reaching Supreme Court orders gave a new lease of life to ICDS. Further improvement in this programme, it is argued, could make a big difference to the well‐being and future of Indian children.
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Breen, Paul. "An Intramuscular Approach to Teacher Development in International Collaborative Higher Education." In Handbook of Research on Transnational Higher Education, 368–90. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4458-8.ch019.
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This chapter looks at a practical example of staff development and considers how professional development of teachers should be an essential component of enhancing provision within higher educational institutions not just in terms of pedagogy but also in respect of developing programmes and marketing those programmes. Set within the specific context of English Language teaching for international students, the research is based on a case study of two trainee teachers on a DELTA programme (Diploma in English Language Teaching for Adults). These teachers have been interviewed at two different stages of their development, firstly whilst doing the DELTA course, and then one year later, by which time they have completed the course. Through analysing their responses in a qualitative fashion, the author examines whether teacher development has a positive impact on the higher educational institution as a whole, and whether it leads to an improved student experience or a heightened consciousness of that student experience on the part of teachers. At the heart of this chapter, there is a metaphor taken from Medical Science to define the best approach to teacher education and development, namely, what the author labels an intramuscular approach. The author takes this term from a medical process of giving injections that are placed deep within muscles so that the particular drug or medicine is released slowly over a period of time rather than in a standard one-shot manner. There is no quick fix solution to teacher development, and having a long-term vision contributes far more to organisations in terms of the ultimate student experience.
Conference papers on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Lazik, W., Th Doerr, S. Bake, R. v. d. Bank, and L. Rackwitz. "Development of Lean-Burn Low-NOx Combustion Technology at Rolls-Royce Deutschland." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51115.
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Lean-burn combustion technology is identified to be the key technology for aero-engine combustion systems to achieve future legislative requirements for NOx. The lean-burn low NOx combustor development at Rolls-Royce Deutschland RRD for the upcoming generation of aero-engines is presented, which has been supported by the German aeronautical research programme. The down selection process of different injector concepts is described in detail to develop lean-burn fuel injection technology up to a technology level for engine application. Initial concept validation with testing on single sector combustion rigs applying advanced laser measurement techniques is followed by high power single sector emission tests to prove low emission characteristics. Climbing the level of technology readiness, which is in each phase substantiated by intense CFD simulations, the most promising low emissions design concepts have been investigated for unrestricted combustor operability compared to conventional rich burn systems. Altitude relight, weak extinction margins, fuel staging optimisation and combustion efficiency in the vicinity of staging points have been optimised on different sub-atmospheric, atmospheric, medium and high-pressure test vehicles. The validation process concludes with sub-atmospheric and high-pressure testing within a fully annular test environment before the final lean-burn fuel injector configuration has been selected for core engine testing to prove emission performance and operability of the fuel-staged combustion system. Two fuel injector configurations were successfully tested in a high-pressure fully annular rig. The combustor module and both injector standards have been cleared for core engine operation.
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Menter, Uwe W., Thomas Klima, and Heiner Pfost. "Experimental Analysis and Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field in Turbine Scrolls." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-597.
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A large selection of one- and two-dimensional methods can be used to calculate the scroll geometries. This paper examines the consequences of different scroll geometry parameters under various flow configurations, including the influence of components in the scroll flow field. A combination of arrangements of the various components was investigated, (scroll/nozzle/rotor, scroll/nozzle/stator, scroll/vane support/rotor, scroll/vane support/stator), to see how the flow varied. In this particular case a frictionless scroll was designed. The turbine operates with a gas fluid. Using a non-invasive laser two-focus technique and wall pressure drillings the flow field was measured over three scroll cross sections and over its extent at φ = 186° up to φ = 211°. The theoretical analysis was performed on a computer using a commercial 3D finite element programme. Using the programme enables the theoretical flow fields of various scroll geometries to be calculated. The validity of the calculations can be assessed by comparing the theoretical calculations with the above mentioned measurements. The measurements show that by using a rotor the flow field inside the scroll remains uninfluenced by the vane support and nozzle. Measurable differences appear when the rotor is replaced by a stator, these results are confirmed by the computer program. The calculations also show that the scroll geometry has an important effect on the development of the flow field.
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Ainsworth, Roger W., John L. Allen, and J. Julian M. Batt. "The Development of Fast Response Aerodynamic Probes for Flow Measurements in Turbomachinery." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-023.
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The advent of a new generation of transient rotating turbine simulation facilities, where engine values of Reynolds and Mach number are matched simultaneously together with the relevant rotational parameters for dimensional similitude (Dunn et al [1988], Epstein et al [1984]. Ainsworth et al [1988]), has provided the stimulus for developing improved instrumentation for investigating the aerodynamic flows in these stages. Much useful work has been conducted in the past using hot-wire and laser anemometers. However, hot-wire anemometers are prone to breakage in the high pressure flows required for correct Reynolds numbers, Furthermore some laser techniques require a longer runtime than these transient facilites permit, and generally yield velocity information only, giving no data on loss production. Advances in semiconductor aerodynamic probes are beginning to fulfil this perceived need. This paper describes advances made in the design, construction, and testing of two and three dimensional fast response aerodynamic probes, where semiconductor pressure sensors are mounted directly on the surface of the probes, using techniques which have previously been successfully used on the surface of rotor blades (Ainsworth, Dietz and Nunn [1991]). These are to be used to measure Mach number and flow direction in compressible unsteady flow regimes. In the first section, a brief review is made of the sensor and associated technology which has been developed to permit a flexible design of fast response aerodynamic probe. Following this, an extensive programme of testing large scale aerodynamic models of candidate geometries for suitable semiconductor scale probes is described, and the results of these discussed. The conclusions of these experiments, conducted for turbine representative mean and unsteady flows, yielded new information for optimising the design of the small scale semiconductor probes, in terms of probe geometry, sensor placement, and aerodynamic performance. Details are given of a range of wedge and pyramid semiconductor probes constructed, and the procedures used in calibrating and making measurements with them. Differences in performance are discussed, allowing the experimenter to choose an appropriate probe for the particular measurement required. Finally, the application of prototype semiconductor probes in a transient rotor experiment at HP turbine representative conditions is described, and the data so obtained is compared with (PD solutions of the unsteady viscous flow-field.
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Gregg, Michael, Craig Denman, Clifford Muller, Linda DeHainaut, Michael Gregg, Craig Denman, Clifford Muller, and Linda DeHainaut. "High-efficiency laser development for space applications." In Defense and Space Programs Conference and Exhibit - Critical Defense and Space Programs for the Future. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-3920.
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Macdonald, Craig, Javad Safari, and Stuart Anderson. "Qualification of Mechanically Lined Pipe MLP with High Frequency Welded HFW Host Pipe for Subsea Applications with Reeling Installation." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/30992-ms.
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Abstract Known as HFW-MLP, Mechanically Lined Pipe (MLP) with High Frequency Welded (HFW) host pipes are potentially the most cost-effective bi-metallic pipes for subsea pipelines when corrosion resistant alloys (CRA) are required. However, HFW-MLP has a very limited track record for subsea applications. This paper details a recent programme to qualify MLP with HFW host pipes. The qualification programme has been performed in accordance with DNVGL-ST-F101 (2017) and internal supplementary requirements for reelability and weldability. It considers material testing of HFW-MLP at each manufacturing stage and product qualification including full-scale reeling simulation, anti-corrosion coating simulation and girth welding. Qualification is supplemented with a detailed evaluation of the manufacturing process HFW-MLP is compared to traditional MLP which is supplied with seamless carbon steel as the host pipe or backing steel. This novel product lowers the supply cost, reducing the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) for subsea pipeline projects. Detailed evaluation of mechanical test results and dimensional inspections using laser profiling assess the impact of the HFW host pipe longitudinal seam weld and conclude that there is no detrimental effect on the performance of the completed MLP. A comprehensive review of full-scale reeling simulations, coating simulations and welding trials is completed, with the conclusion that an HFW host pipe does not adversely affect the ability of the MLP product to be girth welded and to withstand the plastic deformation exerted upon the product during reel-lay installation. It is concluded that HFW-MLP is qualified for subsea pipeline static applications via the reel-lay, S-Lay or J-lay installation methods. The qualification of HFW-MLP provides a more cost-effective solution for the development of corrosive subsea fields by reducing overall product supply and installation costs.
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Barnes, James, Christyl Johnson, Richard Campbell, Waverly Marsh, and Elka Ertur. "Solid state laser technology development for NASA DIAL and lidar systems." In Space Programs and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-3600.
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Mameli, Maddalena. "Le Corbusier and the American Modulor." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.984.
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Abstract: The definition of the Modulor as a set of measurements obtained through “universal” rules for composition of the new architecture has a long and complex development, stemming from a combination of studies in architecture, geometry and mathematics, but also from approximation and intuition. The process began in Paris in 1920, was completed in 1946 in New York and its results were published in an autobiographical vein in 1950 in the book entitled Le Modulor completed in 1955 by the book Le Modulor II. In his trip to New York in 1946 as French delegate for the project of the United Nations’ headquarters, his urgency to define the Modulor responded to an immediate need: to create a simple tool and a compositional principle to be applied to the United States’ building programme and to UN reconstruction and recovery programs. Unfortunately Le Corbusier did not manage to find a patron in America. He was unable to apply the Modulor in the USA. Not so in Europe, where work started on building the Unités d’habitation in Marseilles. Resumen: La definición del Modulor como un conjunto de medidas obtenidas a través de reglas "universales" para la composición de la nueva arquitectura tiene un largo y complejo desarrollo, derivada de una combinación de estudios de arquitectura, geometría y matemáticas, sino también de aproximación y intuición. El proceso comenzó en París en 1920, se completó en 1946 en Nueva York y sus resultados se publicaron en el libro titulado Le Modulor completado en 1955 por el libro Le Modulor II. En su viaje a Nueva York en 1946 como delegado francés para el proyecto de la sede para las Naciones Unidas, la urgencia de definir el Modulor respondió a una necesidad inmediata: para crear una instrumento fàcil y un principio compositivo que se aplicará al programa de construcción de los Estados Unidos y para los programas de reconstrucción de la ONU. Desafortunadamente Le Corbusier no encontró un patrón en América. No fue capaz de aplicar el Modulor en los EE.UU.. No es así en Europa, donde comenzó a trabajar en la construcción de la Unités d'habitation de Marsella. Keywords: New York; UN Headquarter; Modulor; USA. Palabras clave: New York; Naciones Unidas; Modulor; USA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.984
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Stocum, William E. "Laser safety training programs for a large and diverse research and development laboratory." In ILSC® ‘92: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5056343.
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Jung, C. W., Y. S. Lee, J. G. Kim, D. J. Jeon, J. O. Kim, and J. W. Park. "Development of Off-Line-Programming System for Automatic Propeller Grinding Robot System." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41755.
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An off-line programming system (OLP) for the grinding robot has been developed and applied to manufacturing a large scale commercial ship’s propellers. It is necessary to develop the off-line programming system which generates robot motion programs for sensing and grinding the curved surfaces of propeller. The robot performs a sensing process with a laser displacement sensor. Three dimensional surfaces of propeller are generated by the off-line programming system after sensing. The grinding program for the robot is generated from the measured surface in the off-line programming system. After then, the robot performs grinding process automatically.
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Kare, Jordin T. "Development Programs for the Heat Exchanger Thruster and HX Laser Launch System." In BEAMED ENERGY PROPULSION: Second International Symposium on Beamed Energy Propulsion. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1721005.
Full textReports on the topic "Laser development programme"
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Hess, W. P., B. A. Bushaw, M. I. McCarthy, J. A. Campbell, S. D. Colson, and J. T. Dickinson. Laser ablation/ionization characterization of solids: Second interim progress report of the strategic environmental research development program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/671887.
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Hess, W. P., B. A. Bushaw, M. I. McCarthy, J. A. Campbell, and S. D. Colson. Laser Ablation/Ionization Characterization of Solids: Final Progress Report of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada363248.
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Agrawal, Y. C. Development, field testing of a laser instrument for the measurement of sediment reference concentration in the MARGINS Program. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656599.
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Bayramian, A., C. Bibeau, R. Beach, B. Behrendt, C. Ebbers, J. Latkowski, W. Meier, et al. FY2002 Progress Summary Program Plan, Statement of Work and Deliverables for Development of High Average Power Diode-Pumped Solid State Lasers, and Complementary Technologies, for Applications in Energy and Defense. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15013439.
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Ebbers, C. FY2005 Progress Summary and FY2006 Program Plan Statement of Work and Deliverables for Development of High Average Power Diode-Pumped Solid State Lasers, and Complementary Technologies, for Applications in Energy and Defense. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/899419.
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Meier, W., and C. Bibeau. April 25, 2003, FY2003 Progress Summary and FY2002 Program Plan, Statement of Work and Deliverables for Development of High Average Power Diode-Pumped Solid State Lasers,and Complementary Technologies, for Applications in Energy and Defense. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/889971.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.