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Journal articles on the topic 'Laser assisted machining'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

S. Sun, S. Sun, M. Brandt M. Brandt, and M. S. Dargusch M. S. Dargusch. "Review of Laser Assisted Machining of Ceramics(Invited Paper)." Chinese Journal of Lasers 36, no. 12 (2009): 3299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl20093612.3299.

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2

Warap, N. M., Zazuli Mohid, and Erween Abdul Rahim. "Laser Assisted Machining of Titanium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 763 (July 2013): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.763.91.

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Laser assisted machining is categorized in preheat machining process. The laser beam used to heat up work materials is very flexible in providing a localized heat area. However the combination between two processes which has totally different fundamental has contributed to complex processing characteristics. In the case of hard to machined metal processing, problems in surface integrity and accuracy are frequently arise. Tool ware and work material properties changes are some of the issue that drove engineers and researchers to seek for optimized processing parameters. This chapter introduces resent finding in research done on laser assisted machining (LAM). Focus is given on laser assisted mechanical machining consist of laser assisted milling (LAM) and laser assisted turning (LAT).

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3

Chryssolouris, G., N. Anifantis, and S. Karagiannis. "Laser Assisted Machining: An Overview." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 119, no. 4B (November 1, 1997): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836822.

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Since laser technology has considerable synergy with machining technologies, Laser Machining (LM) and Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) are relevant research topics. This paper attempts to give an overview of recent developments and research trends. Although scientific work on this area has contributed to the understanding of the process, there are still unresolved problems regarding the limitations of the techniques, optimum machining conditions, etc. The outcome of experimental investigations on LAM shows potential applications for this process but there are several issues to be resolved.

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4

Yuan, Gen Fu, Wei Zheng, Xue Hui Chen, and Yu Ping Ma. "Research Progress of Laser Assisted Liquid Compound Machining." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 3750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.3750.

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Laser combined machining is a complex machining method which utilizes the combined effect of various forms of energy to achieve a material processing. High manufacturing quality and surface accuracy, and machining efficiency can be achieved. The research progress in the area of laser combined other machine processes is reviewed. Several methods of laser combined machining are introduced and their characteristics and applications from the point of the laser assisted liquid machining are investigated. For example, laser assisted wet etching and laser assisted jet electrochemical machining, and waterjet-guided laser machining are reported. The experimental and theoretical studies of the technologies to improve the machining performance are discussed. Finally, the existing problems and the future research directions of the laser compound processing are put forward .

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5

Kim, Eun, and Choon Lee. "A Study on the Machining Characteristics of Curved Workpiece Using Laser-Assisted Milling with Different Tool Paths in Inconel 718." Metals 8, no. 11 (November 20, 2018): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110968.

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Difficult-to-cut materials are being increasingly used in many industries because of their superior properties, including high corrosion resistance, heat resistance and specific strength. However, these same properties make the materials difficult to machine using conventional machining techniques. Laser-assisted milling (LAM) is one of the effective method for machining difficult-to-cut materials. In laser-assisted milling, the machining occur after the workpiece is locally preheated using a laser heat source. Laser-assisted milling has been studied by many researchers on flat workpiece or micro end-milling. However, there is no research on the curved shape using laser assisted milling. This study investigated the use of laser-assisted milling to machine a three-dimensional curved shape workpiece based on NURBS (Non-uniform rational b-spline). A machining experiment was performed on Inconel 718 using different tool paths (ramping, contouring) under various machining conditions. Finite elements analysis was conducted to determine the depth of cut. Cutting force, specific cutting energy and surface roughness characteristics were measured, analyzed and compared for conventional and LAM machining. LAM significantly improved these machining characteristics, compared to conventional machining. There results can be applied to the laser-assisted milling of various three-dimensional shapes.

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6

Kong, Xian Jun, Hong Zhi Zhang, Xue Feng Wu, and Yang Wang. "Laser-Assisted Machining of Advanced Materials." Materials Science Forum 800-801 (July 2014): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.800-801.825.

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Laser-assisted machining (LAM) is a hybrid cutting process in which a laser beam is used to heat and soften the workpiece locally in front of the cutting tool edge. The rapid temperature rise at the shear zone reduces the yield strength and work hardening of the workpiece, which makes the plastic deformation of difficult-to-machine materials easier during machining. LAM provides a reduction in the cutting forces/specific cutting energy, longer tool life, better surface integrity, and high productivity over traditional cutting. This paper presents the technical characteristics, material removal mechanism and the application of machining hard-to-machine material in LAM. The latest development of LAM and future scope are summarized in this paper.

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7

Liu, Xue-Qing, Qi-Dai Chen, Kai-Min Guan, Zhuo-Chen Ma, Yan-Hao Yu, Qian-Kun Li, Zhen-Nan Tian, and Hong-Bo Sun. "Dry-etching-assisted femtosecond laser machining." Laser & Photonics Reviews 11, no. 3 (March 29, 2017): 1600115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lpor.201600115.

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8

Wu, Xue Feng, Hong Zhi Zhang, and Yang Wang. "Laser Assisted Turning of Sintered Silicon Nitride." Key Engineering Materials 458 (December 2010): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.113.

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Laser assisted turning is an effective method machining difficult-to-machine materials such as ceramics, which uses a high power laser to focally heat a workpiece prior to material removal with a traditional cutting tool. A transient, three-dimensional heat transfer model was developed for laser assisted turning of silicon nitride using Finite Element Method to understand the thermal process of laser heating and to optimize the operating parameters. A laser assisted turning experiment system was set up to investigate the thermal conditions and cutting process of laser assisted turning of sintered silicon nitride and the experiments were conducted on the system using selected parameters. Effects of cutting parameters on cutting forces and specific cutting energy were investigated. Forces on the chip and SEM micrographs of chip morphology were studied to discuss the material removal mechanism of laser assisted turning of silicon nitride. Tool wear, surface roughness of the machined surface and the quality of subsurface were investigated. The results showed that the heat transfer model could be used to optimize the cutting parameters and laser assisted turning method could increase the machining efficiency while maintaining machining quality and reasonable levels of tool wear. A method of optimizing LAM based on the thermal model was presented.

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9

Salem, W. Ben, P. Cohen-Bastie, F. Ahdad, Fx de Contencin, A. Moisan, and J. P. Longuemard. "Laser interaction with materials when using laser-assisted machining." Welding International 13, no. 9 (January 1999): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119909447437.

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10

Nadim, Nima, Ouf A. Shams, Tilak T. Chandratilleke, and Alokesh Pramanik. "Preheating and thermal behaviour of a rotating cylindrical workpiece in laser-assisted machining." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405419863597.

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Laser-assisted machining is a widely used technique for preheating workpiece to reduce cutting forces and promote machinability in metal machining, thereby enhancing manufacturing quality and productivity. In setting laser-assisted machining parameters, the current practice typically relies on trial-and-error approaches. The uncertainties thereof could lead to adverse outcomes in product manufacturing, thus negating the potential benefits of this machining method. A clear understanding of workpiece thermal behaviour under laser spot heating is pivotal to developing a systematic basis for determining required preheating levels and optimised cutting variables for laser-assisted machining. In achieving this, the experimental methods are recognised to be largely impractical, if not tedious, due to instrument limitations and practicality of suitable non-intrusive measuring methods. Conversely, numerical methodologies do provide precise, flexible and cost-effective analytical options, warranting potential for insightful understanding on the transient thermal impact from laser preheating on rotating workpiece. Presenting such an investigation, this article presents a finite volume-based numerical simulation that examines and analyses the thermal response imparted by laser spot preheating on a rotating cylinder surface. On a rotating frame of reference using the ANSYS Fluent solver, the numerical model is formulated, accounting for transient heat conduction into the cylinder body and the combined convection and radiation loses from the cylinder surface. The model is comprehensively validated to ascertaining its high predictive accuracy and the applicability under reported laser-assisted machining operating conditions. The extensive parametric analyses carried out deliver clear insight into the dynamics of thermal penetration occurring within the workpiece due to laser spot preheating. This facilitates appropriate consideration of laser preheating intensity in relation to other operating variables to achieve necessary material softening depth at the workpiece surface prior to setting out on the subsequent machining process. Building upon the data generated, a practically simpler and cost-effective preheating parametric predictor is synthesised for laser-assisted machining using neural network principles incorporating the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. This predictive tool is trained and verified as a practical preheating guide for laser-assisted machining for a range of operating conditions.

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11

Park, Jung-Kyu, Ji-Wook Yoon, and Sung-Hak Cho. "Vibration assisted femtosecond laser machining on metal." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 50, no. 6 (June 2012): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.01.017.

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12

Vali, A., J. P. Longuemard, G. Marot, and J. Litwin. "Residual stress conditions in laser-assisted machining." Welding International 13, no. 4 (January 1999): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119909447382.

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13

Skvarenina, S., and Y. C. Shin. "Laser-assisted machining of compacted graphite iron." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 46, no. 1 (January 2006): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.04.013.

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14

Jeon, Yongho, and Choon Man Lee. "Current research trend on laser assisted machining." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 13, no. 2 (February 2012): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0040-4.

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15

Rebro, Patrick A., Yung C. Shin, and Frank P. Incropera. "Laser-Assisted Machining of Reaction Sintered Mullite Ceramics." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 124, no. 4 (October 23, 2002): 875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1511523.

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The present study focuses on the evaluation of the laser-assisted machining (LAM) of pressureless sintered mullite ceramics. Due to mullite’s low thermal diffusivity and tensile strength, a new method for applying laser power is devised to eliminate cracking and fracture of the workpiece during laser heating. The LAM process is characterized in terms of cutting force, surface temperature, chip morphology, tool wear, surface roughness and subsurface damage for a variety of operating conditions. Estimated material removal temperatures and the ratio of the feed force to the main cutting force are used to determine material removal mechanisms and regimes for brittle fracture and semi-continuous and continuous chip formation. Surface roughness and subsurface damage are compared between typical parts produced by LAM and grinding. Tool wear characteristics are investigated for variations in laser power, and hence material removal temperature, during LAM of mullite with carbide tools.

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16

Ha, Jae-Hyeon, and Choon-Man Lee. "A Study on the Thermal Effect by Multi Heat Sources and Machining Characteristics of Laser and Induction Assisted Milling." Materials 12, no. 7 (March 28, 2019): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071032.

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Thermally assisted machining (TAM) is an effective method for difficult-to-cut materials, and works by locally preheating the workpiece using various heat sources, such as laser, induction, and plasma. Recently, many researchers have studied TAM because of its low manufacturing costs, high productivity, and quality of materials. Laser assisted machining (LAM) has been studied by many researchers, but studies on TAM using induction or plasma heat sources, which are much cheaper than lasers, have been carried out by only a few researchers. Lasers have an excellent preheating effect, but are expensive, and the temperature of the heated workpiece drops quickly. Here, multi heat sources were used to solve the shortage in supplied heat source with a single heat source. Induction was applied as an additional heat source. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal effect and temperature distribution of single heat source and multi heat sources, and compare the machining characteristics according to heat source types. In order to analyze the preheating effect according to the feed rate of the heat sources, a temperature measurement experiment using thermocouples was carried out, and the efficiency of the thermal effect using multi heat sources was verified. In addition, the effectiveness of the thermal analysis results was verified by comparison with the measured temperature distribution. The machining characteristics of Inconel 718 and Ti-6Al-4V with laser, induction, and laser-induction assisted milling (LIAMill) were analyzed, by cutting force and surface roughness.

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17

Sun, Shou Jin, Milan Brandt, and John P. T. Mo. "Current Progresses of Laser Assisted Machining of Aerospace Materials for Enhancing Tool Life." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 3359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.3359.

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A higher strength and heat resistance are increasingly demanded from the advanced engineering materials with high temperature applications in the aerospace industry. These properties make machining these materials very difficult because of the high cutting forces, cutting temperature and short tool life present. Laser assisted machining uses a laser beam to heat and soften the workpiece locally in front of the cutting tool. The temperature rise at the shear zone reduces the yield strength and work hardening of the workpiece, which make the plastic deformation of the hard-to-machine materials easier during machining. The state-of-the-art, benefits and challenges in laser assisted machining of metallic materials are summarized in this paper, and the improvement of tool life is discussed in relation to laser power, beam position and machining process parameters.

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18

Nasr, Mohamed N. A., Mohamed Balbaa, and Hassan Elgamal. "Modelling Machining-Induced Residual Stresses after Laser-Assisted Turning of Steels." Advanced Materials Research 996 (August 2014): 622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.622.

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The current study examines the effects of laser assistance on machining-induced residual stresses (RS), using finite element modelling, during turning of steels. Dry orthogonal cutting was modelled, along with the pre-heating effect of the laser beam. AISI 4340 steel was used in the current work. Laser-assisted machining (LAM) resulted in higher surface tensile RS compared to conventional machining, with more pronounced effects at lower feed rates. This is basically because the assisted material experienced higher plastic deformation, due to thermal softening, as well as higher temperatures, which are both attributed to the pre-heating effect of LAM.

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19

Rahman Rashid, R. A., S. Sun, Suresh Palanisamy, and M. S. Dargusch. "Laser Assisted Machining of Ti10V2Fe3Al and Ti6Cr5Mo5V4Al β Titanium Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 974 (June 2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.974.121.

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In recent times, the market for the applications of titanium alloys, particularly β alloys, is growing rapidly, calling for higher productivity. However, it is difficult to machine titanium alloys. A number of research activities have been carried out in this area to improve the productivity of titanium machining. Laser assisted machining is one technique which has been proposed to enhance the machinability of various difficult-to-cut materials including titanium alloys. In this study, two β titanium alloys, viz. Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al, were machined using laser assistance and the results were compared with unassisted machining conditions. Their response to laser assisted machining in terms of differences in the cutting forces, cutting temperature and chip formation are reported. It was found that the Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al workpiece was much more difficult to machine even with laser assistance.

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20

Marot, G., L. J. Fan, A. Tarrats, P. Cohen, J. P. Longuemard, and A. Moisan. "The Workpiece Material-Laser Interaction and the Laser-Assisted Machining." CIRP Annals 40, no. 1 (1991): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61941-6.

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21

Pan, Yunxiang, Hongchao Zhang, Jun Chen, Bing Han, Zhonghua Shen, Jian Lu, and Xiaowu Ni. "Millisecond laser machining of transparent materials assisted by nanosecond laser." Optics Express 23, no. 2 (January 13, 2015): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.000765.

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22

Pfefferkorn, Frank E., Yung C. Shin, Yinggang Tian, and Frank P. Incropera. "Laser-Assisted Machining of Magnesia-Partially-Stabilized Zirconia." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 126, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1644542.

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Laser-assisted machining (LAM) of magnesia-partially-stabilized zirconia (PSZ) is investigated to determine the effect of heating on machinability, as determined by tool wear, cutting energy, surface integrity, and material removal mechanisms. It is found that PSZ can be successfully machined with a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride tool and that tool life increases with material removal temperature up to a maximum of 121 minutes. The benefit of laser-assistance in material removal is also demonstrated by the 2.5 fold decrease in the specific cutting energy with increased temperature. It is shown surface roughness varies significantly with tool wear with little dependence on cutting temperature unlike in LAM of other ceramics. Evidence of mixed brittle and ductile material removal mechanisms is presented, and the optimum condition within the test matrix is established.

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23

Lu, Huan, Shu Long Wang, Ning He, Liang Li, and Xiu Qing Hao. "Heat Transfer Model for Pulse Laser Assisted Machining of ZrO₂." Materials Science Forum 836-837 (January 2016): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.836-837.430.

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Laser assisted machining (LAM) is one important solution for machining difficult-to-machine materials. The heat transfer model of quasi steady state in laser assisted micro machining is built, and the simulation software for temperature distribution measurement is developed based on MATLAB. The simulated temperature distribution of the ZrO2 ceramic heated by pulse laser shows a good agreement of tendency with the corresponding experimental results through the infrared temperature measurement method, while the simulated temperature is consistently overestimated. This difference maybe results from the neglect of the heat loss caused by the heat radiation and the heat convection in the model. The proposed model in this paper could provide reference for the selection of optimal process parameters and improve the machining quality, which are closely related to the temperature distribution.

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24

Lee, Jaehoon. "Laser Assisted Machining Process of HIPed Silicon Nitride." Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering 4, no. 3 (December 2009): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2961/jlmn.2009.03.0012.

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25

Ito, Yusuke, Masateru Ueki, Toru Kizaki, Naohiko Sugita, and Mamoru Mitsuishi. "Precision Cutting of Glass by Laser-assisted Machining." Procedia Manufacturing 7 (2017): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.058.

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26

Azhdari Tadavani, Soheila, Reza Shoja Razavi, and Reza Vafaei. "Pulsed laser-assisted machining of Inconel 718 superalloy." Optics & Laser Technology 87 (January 2017): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.07.020.

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27

Suzuki, Naohiro, Hideharu Kato, and Takuya Tanaka. "Construction of laser-assisted crackless machining for polybenzimidazole:." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2017.9 (2017): 021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2017.9.021.

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28

Hibi, Yuko, Yuji Enomoto, Kaoru Kikuchi, Nobuo Shikata, and Hisato Ogiso. "Excimer laser assisted chemical machining of SiC ceramic." Applied Physics Letters 66, no. 7 (February 13, 1995): 817–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113431.

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29

Pfefferkorn, F. E., J. C. Rozzi, F. P. Incropera, and Y. C. Shin. "SURFACE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN LASER-ASSISTED MACHINING PROCESSES." Experimental Heat Transfer 10, no. 4 (October 1997): 291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08916159708946549.

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30

Cao, Xiao-Wen, Qi-Dai Chen, Hua Fan, Lei Zhang, Saulius Juodkazis, and Hong-Bo Sun. "Liquid-Assisted Femtosecond Laser Precision-Machining of Silica." Nanomaterials 8, no. 5 (April 28, 2018): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8050287.

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31

YAMADA, Keiji, Kosuke MORI, Katsuhiko SEKIYA, and Yasuo YAMANE. "S131014 Cutting Edge Temperature in Laser-assisted Machining." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _S131014–1—_S131014–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._s131014-1.

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32

Zheng, H. Y., and H. Huang. "Ultrasonic vibration-assisted femtosecond laser machining of microholes." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 17, no. 8 (July 18, 2007): N58—N61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/17/8/n03.

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33

Punugupati, Gurabvaiah, Kishore Kumar Kandi, P. S. C. Bose, and C. S. P. Rao. "Laser assisted machining: a state of art review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 149 (September 2016): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/149/1/012014.

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34

De Silva, A. K. M., P. T. Pajak, J. A. McGeough, and D. K. Harrison. "Thermal effects in laser assisted jet electrochemical machining." CIRP Annals 60, no. 1 (2011): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2011.03.132.

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35

Barnes, Christopher, Pranav Shrotriya, and Pal Molian. "Water-assisted laser thermal shock machining of alumina." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 47, no. 12-13 (October 2007): 1864–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2007.04.003.

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36

Germain, G., P. Dal Santo, and J. L. Lebrun. "Comprehension of chip formation in laser assisted machining." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 51, no. 3 (March 2011): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.11.006.

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37

Sun, Xiaoyan, Jianhang Zhou, Ji-An Duan, Haifeng Du, Dongmei Cui, and Youwang Hu. "Experimental research on ultrasound-assisted underwater femtosecond laser drilling." Laser and Particle Beams 36, no. 4 (December 2018): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034618000538.

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AbstractIn order to diminish the occurrence of cavitation bubbles during the liquid-assisted laser machining, ultrasound-assisted underwater femtosecond laser drilling on stainless steel is adopted. This method greatly diminishes the optical disturbance of cavitation bubbles. By investigating and analyzing the effect of laser pulse energy and pulse number on the morphology of the holes, it has been found that ultrasound not only has a remarkable function of forming a hole with clean and flat bottom, but also reduces debris redeposition around the processing area. This method improves the machining quality. Besides, it also improves the depth-to-diameter ratio of the hole about 20%.

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38

Jiao, Feng, Ying Niu, and Ming-Jun Zhang. "Prediction of Machining Dimension in Laser Heating and Ultrasonic Vibration Composite Assisted Cutting of Tungsten Carbide." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 17, no. 01 (March 2018): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686718500038.

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Dimension precision plays an important role in precision machining. The two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration cutting (TDUVC) method reduces cutting force and alleviates tool wear, meanwhile, laser assisted cutting (LAC) improves the material workability under high temperature. In this paper, laser heating and two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration were combined in cutting of tungsten carbide (YG10) to improve machining dimension precision. According to the experimental results, a prediction model of machining dimension was built based on time series model. The results show that the machining dimension precision is improved significantly in laser and ultrasonic composite assisted cutting (LUAC), and AR (2) and AR (12) of time series model predicts machining dimension with high precision (the relative error is less than 10%), and reflects tool wear state. Moreover, comparison with artificial neural network (ANN) also proves that the time series model is more suitable for the prediction of machining dimensional in LUAC.

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39

Menon, Vivek, and Sagil James. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Liquid-Assisted Laser Beam Micromachining Process." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp2030051.

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Liquid Assisted Laser Beam Micromachining (LA-LBMM) process is an advanced machining process that can overcome the limitations of traditional laser beam machining processes. This research involves the use of a Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation technique to investigate the complex and dynamic mechanisms involved in the LA-LBMM process both in static and dynamic mode. The results of the MD simulation are compared with those of Laser Beam Micromachining (LBMM) performed in air. The study revealed that machining during LA-LBMM process showed higher removal compared with LBMM process. The LA-LBMM process in dynamic mode showed lesser material removal compared with the static mode as the flowing water carrying the heat away from the machining zone. Investigation of the material removal mechanism revealed the presence of a thermal blanket and a bubble formation in the LA-LBMM process, aiding in higher material removal. The findings of this study provide further insights to strengthen the knowledge base of laser beam micromachining technology.

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40

Habrat, Witold F. "Experimental Investigation of Effect of the Laser-Assisted Finish Turning of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy on Machinability Indicators." Solid State Phenomena 261 (August 2017): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.261.135.

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In this paper, the experimental studies of the finish turning of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy with the laser-assisted machining were described. For the tests, a cemented carbide tool was used. The influence of the laser heating on the microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy for kinematics corresponding with the turning process was determined. For a laser scanning rate of 80 m/min and laser power 1200W, the maximum depth of the melted zone was about 50 μm. The beneficial effect of laser assisted machining on components of the cutting force was established. For a cutting speed of 80 m/min, feed rate 0.1 mm/rev, depth of cut 0.25 mm and laser power 1200 W, over 60% reduction of the tangential components of cutting force was observed. The chip-breaking effect for the conventional and the laser-assisted processes was determined. Roughness parameters of the surface after the conventional and laser-assisted turning are compared.

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41

ITO, Yusuke, Toru KIZAKI, Naohiko SUGITA, and Mamoru MITSUISHI. "B016 Laser-assisted Precision Machining of Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals with Optimal Wavelength." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2013.7 (2013): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2013.7.226.

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Yao, Yan Sheng, Gen Fu Yuan, Xue Hui Chen, and Ying Feng Zhu. "Study on Ultrasonic Assisted Laser under Liquid Processing Platform." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 3090–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.3090.

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On the basis of laser-ultrasonic machining and water assisted laser combined machining methods a composite processing method of ultrasonic assisted laser under liquid is proposed. As the key of new technology, its experimental device of combined processing is designed. The device mainly consists of laser processing machine, ultrasonic vibration system (ultrasonic generator and transducer), tank and the water circulation system, fixture of specimen. By Using of finite element method nature frequency of tank with two fixtures of specimen is solved under the condition of combined processing. Analysis results show that the main device parts would work reliably under the vibration of transducer. Physical experiment under liquid proved this platform in water could transmit ultrasonic vibration to specimen and the new combined processing is promising.

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Choi, Jun Young, and Choon Man Lee. "Evaluation of Cutting Force and Surface Temperature for Round and Square Member in Laser Assisted Turn-Mill." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.718.

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LAT (Laser Assisted Turning) is an effective machining method for difficult to cut materials. Especially, because of the characteristics of a significant reduction in machining costs and flexibility in its machining, the applications of LAT have been largely extended to various machining fields. However, Studies on LAT are still staying at the beginning of research and represent a limitation in which a LAT process was applied to round members only. According to increases in customized production of special purpose parts, the researches on LAT for clover or polygon section members are necessary. In this paper, a LATM (laser assisted turn-mill) process was proposed to complement LAT.

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Wu, Xue Feng, Hong Zhi Zhang, Yang Wang, and Chao Xie. "Simulation and Experimental Study on Temperature Fields for Laser Assisted Machining of Silicon Nitride." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.521.

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Laser assisted machining (LAM) is an effective method machining difficult-to-machine materials such as ceramics which uses a high power laser to focally heat a workpiece prior to material removal with a traditional cutting tool. A laser assisted machining experiment system was set up and a transient, three-dimensional heat transfer model was developed for LAM of silicon nitride using Finite Element Method to understand the thermal process of laser heating. The model was based on temperature-dependent thermophysical properties and the heat generated was neglected due to cutting which is assumed to be small compared to the heat generated by laser heating. The experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of operating parameters, such as laser power, laser translational speed, rotational speed, laser beam diameter and preheating time on temperature distribution. An infrared radiation thermometer was used to measure the surface temperature histories and the experimental results were in good agreement with predictions. The laser power and laser translational speed have the greatest influence on the temperature.

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Yao, Yan Sheng, Yuan Yuan Wang, Xiu Yu Li, Xue Hui Chen, Gen Fu Yuan, and Feng Jun Zhang. "Study on Ultrasonic-Assisted Laser Machining of Si₃N₄." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 914–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.914.

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Si3N4 is difficult to be machined due to its hard and brittle nature. In order to improve its machining quality, a new method of ultrasonic-assisted laser machining is proposed. The machining device is established including Nd: YAG pulsed laser, ultrasonic vibration stage and water flow system. Etching experiments of laser machining with and without sample vibration in anhydrous conditions and in water conditions are studied respectively. A VM-3030E two-dimensional image measuring instrument is applied to detect shape and measure dimension of the sample. Microstructure morphology of the sample is observed by a JSM-7500F scanning electron microscope. Experimental results show that there are fewer slags on inner surfaces of V-shaped grooves when laser machining with water flow. The surface quality and depth-to-width ratio of grooves machined by laser with vibration on sample are improved significantly in comparison with those without vibration. The depth-to-width ratio of groove machined by laser with 90.1W vibration power is near twice than that without vibration.

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Maurotto, Agostino, Fabio Scenini, and Bjoern Kraemer. "Laser Irradiation Effects in Simulated Laser-Assisted Machining of Type 316L SS." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2, no. 3 (July 12, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp2030045.

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Laser surface heating allows for the thermal treating of clearly defined surface areas thanks to the ability to focus the laser beam to a specific point. Thus, the rapid heating and subsequent rapid cooling when the beam is moved away, typically associated with laser light, is used as an in-machine process to improve the machinability of hard- or difficult-to-machine alloys. In laser-assisted machining (LAM), laser irradiation occurs simultaneously with materials removal; however, it is difficult to ensure a complete removal of the irradiated areas. In the present work, the two processes were decoupled to investigate the interaction effects of laser radiation type 316L. The surface residual stress, hardness, and microstructure of milled flat specimens were measured prior to and after diode-generated laser beam irradiation. Laser exposure of samples was conducted under protective gas shielding (Argon) using heating parameter combinations that would limit or avoid laser surface melting. Conversely, when the surface underwent melting, the formation of a fast solidification layer resulted in the removal of the cold-worked effect and the significant softening of the surface layers. Beam power density in-homogeneities and incomplete machining of the treated areas in LAM have the potential to introduce significant undesired changes on components’ surface integrity.

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Pan, Xiang Ning, Chuan Zhen Huang, Jun Wang, Hong Tao Zhu, and Peng Yao. "Laser-Assisted Waterjet Micro-Grooving of Silicon Wafers for Minimizing Heat Affected Zone." Materials Science Forum 861 (July 2016): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.861.133.

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Laser-assisted waterjet micro-machining can significantly reduce the thermal damages to the workpiece as compared to the traditional laser machining process, and hence can overcome the problems associated with laser machining, such as the formation of heat-affected zone, which is a serious issue for thermal sensitive and functional materials. An experimental study on micro-grooving of monocrystalline silicon wafers is reported in this study to explore the effects of process parameters on the groove depth and width as well as the heat-affected zone (HAZ) width. Predictive models based on dimensionl analysis are then developed for estiamting the groove characteristics.

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Arnold, Thomas, Anne Maiwald, Georg Böhm, Martin Erhrhard, and Klaus Zimmer. "Optical freeform generation by laser machining and plasma-assisted polishing." EPJ Web of Conferences 215 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921503003.

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Tailored optical freeform lenses are required for different applications. Sub-aperture deterministic machining techniques such as plasma jet machining have shown great potential to generate freeform surfaces. However, depending on the required local slopes of the surface shape geometrical limitations occur due to the lateral tool function width. In the paper an alternative approach to fabricate freeform shapes exhibiting steep local slopes is presented. A first step involves a dwell time based fs-laser ablation process to generate the surface contour on a fused silica sample. Since the resulting roughness after laser machining lies in the range of 400 nm RMS which does not match optical requirements a subsequent plasma jet based polishing step is performed where micro-roughness is drastically reduced to values below 0.3 nm RMS.

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Kim, Jong-Do, Su-Jin Lee, and Jeong Suh. "Characteristics of laser assisted machining for silicon nitride ceramic according to machining parameters." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 25, no. 4 (April 2011): 995–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0201-x.

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Kim, Eun, and Choon Lee. "A Study on the Optimal Machining Parameters of the Induction Assisted Milling with Inconel 718." Materials 12, no. 2 (January 11, 2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12020233.

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This paper focuses on an analysis of tool wear and optimum machining parameter in the induction assisted milling of Inconel 718 using high heat coated carbide and uncoated carbide tools. Thermally assisted machining is an effective machining method for difficult-to-cut materials such as nickel-based superalloy, titanium alloy, etc. Thermally assisted machining is a method of softening the workpiece by preheating using a heat source, such as a laser, plasma or induction heating. Induction assisted milling is a type of thermally assisted machining; induction preheating uses eddy-currents and magnetic force. Induction assisted milling has the advantages of being eco-friendly and economical. Additionally, the preheating temperature can be easily controlled. In this study, the Taguchi method is used to obtain the major parameters for the analysis of cutting force, surface roughness and tool wear of coated and uncoated tools under various machining conditions. Before machining experiments, a finite element analysis is performed to select the effective depth of the cut. The S/N ratio and ANOVA of the cutting force, surface roughness and tool wear are analyzed, and the response optimization method is used to suggest the optimal machining parameters.

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