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Journal articles on the topic 'Large-scale economic systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Holcombe, Mike, Simon Coakley, Mariam Kiran, Shawn Chin, Chris Greenough, David Worth, Silvano Cincotti, et al. "Large-Scale Modeling of Economic Systems." Complex Systems 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2013): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.22.2.175.

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2

Helsley, Charles E., and Robert J. Burke. "Economic viability of large-scale fusion systems." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 733 (January 2014): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.095.

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3

Petkovski, D. B. "Time Domain Robustness Criteria for Large Scale Economic Systems." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 19, no. 10 (June 1986): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)59705-0.

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4

Hindi, K. S., and M. R. Ab. Ghani. "Multiperiod secure economic dispatch for large-scale power systems." IEE Proceedings C Generation, Transmission and Distribution 136, no. 3 (1989): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-c.1989.0019.

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Petkovski, Djordjija B. "Time-domain robustness criteria for large-scale economic systems." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 11, no. 2 (June 1987): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1889(87)90016-9.

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6

TSUGE, Ayao. "Creation Capability for the Large-scale and Complex Socio-Economic Systems." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 15, no. 12 (2010): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.15.12_40.

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7

Kleparskiy, Vadim G., and Ekaterina V. Kleparskaya. "Estimation of Ensemble Group Stability in Large-Scale Socio-Economic Systems." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 46, no. 9 (2013): 1194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20130619-3-ru-3018.00353.

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8

Huang, Y., H. S. Chen, X. J. Zhang, P. Keatley, M. J. Huang, I. Vorushylo, Y. D. Wang, and N. J. Hewitt. "Techno-economic Modelling of Large Scale Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems." Energy Procedia 105 (May 2017): 4034–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.851.

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9

BERKOVICH, Y., and G. GOLAN. "ELECTRIC MODELS OF LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS AND THEIR ANALOGY TO THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 15, no. 04 (August 2006): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126606003258.

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The paper deals with electric models applied in the investigation of complex systems, such as transport, economic, and neuron systems. The increasing interest in such systems can be explained by the fact that they are characterized by parallel (collective) means of complex calculation processes, under the influence of inner information processes. Electric models can also be looked upon as original structures for neuron-like systems. The paper puts emphasis on comparison between the electric models suggested by the authors, on the one hand, and the mechanical and thermal models, on the other hand. It has been shown that entropy phenomena, typical for the latter, can be closely compared to those of electric models, which are distinguished by pure electric values. Also, it has been shown that irreversible processes of energy dissipation, e.g., entropy processes in mechanical models, are corresponded to processes of energy concentration, energy transfer, and/or energy exchange in electric models. This enables us to shed a new light on processes in electric circuit, especially those concerning with structural improvements of electric circuitry and their self-organization, meaning a neg-entropic information character of these processes. Models of two economic tasks have been considered, wherein the calculation process is characterized under the influence of these processes. Assumption on the importance of reactive elements such as carriers of neg-entropy in electric circuits was made as well.

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Ahlborn, Markus, Joachim Ahrens, and Rainer Schweickert. "Large-Scale Transition of Economic Systems – Do CEECs Converge Toward Western Prototypes?" Comparative Economic Studies 58, no. 3 (July 5, 2016): 430–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41294-016-0009-x.

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Petkovski, Djordjija B. "A knowledge-based system for robustness analysis of large-scale economic systems." Computers & Mathematics with Applications 24, no. 8-9 (October 1992): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0898-1221(92)90193-l.

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Kapila, Sahil, Abayomi Olufemi Oni, and Amit Kumar. "The development of techno-economic models for large-scale energy storage systems." Energy 140 (December 2017): 656–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.117.

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13

Hindi, K. S., and M. R. Ab Ghani. "Dynamic economic dispatch for large scale power systems: a Lagrangian relaxation approach." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 13, no. 1 (February 1991): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-0615(91)90018-q.

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14

Barisal, A. K., and R. C. Prusty. "Large scale economic dispatch of power systems using oppositional invasive weed optimization." Applied Soft Computing 29 (April 2015): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2014.12.014.

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15

Hu, Jixuan, and Xiaoyun Sun. "CHINA'S ECONOMIC REFORM AS A CASE OF LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL CHANGE." Cybernetics and Systems 22, no. 4 (July 1991): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969729108902297.

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16

Diaf, S., and G. Notton. "Technical and economic analysis of large-scale wind energy conversion systems in Algeria." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 19 (March 2013): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.026.

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17

Sahoo, Kamalakanta, and Sudhagar Mani. "Techno‐economic assessment of biomass bales storage systems for a large‐scale biorefinery." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 11, no. 3 (January 30, 2017): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1751.

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18

Chiang, Chao Lung. "An Optimal Economic Dispatch Algorithm for Large Scale Power Systems with Cogeneration Units." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 1, no. 5 (July 27, 2018): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2016.1.5.173.

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This paper proposes an optimal economic dispatch algorithm for large scale power systems with cogeneration units. A hybrid differential evolution with multiplier updating (HDE-MU) is introduced to solve the combined heat and power economic dispatch (CHPED) problems. The hybrid differential evolution (HDE) has the ability to efficiently search and actively explore solutions. Multiplier updating (MU) is introduced to avoid deforming the augmented Lagrange function (ALF), which is adopted to manage system constraints of the CHPED problem. The proposed HDE-MU integrates the HDE with the MU. A practical CHPED system with two cases of a basic case and a large case is employed to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has the better performance in comparison with the previous methods, and the proposed HDE-MUhas the effectiveness when applied to the large scale CHPED operation of power systems.

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19

V.P., Sakthivel, Suman M., and Sathya P.D. "Large-scale economic load dispatch using squirrel search algorithm." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 14, no. 6 (July 3, 2020): 1351–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-02-2020-0012.

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Purpose Economic load dispatch (ELD) is one of the crucial optimization problems in power system planning and operation. The ELD problem with valve point loading (VPL) and multi-fuel options (MFO) is defined as a non-smooth and non-convex optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints, which obliges an efficient heuristic strategy to be addressed. The purpose of this study is to present a new and powerful heuristic optimization technique (HOT) named as squirrel search algorithm (SSA) to solve non-convex ELD problems of large-scale power plants. Design/methodology/approach The suggested SSA approach is aimed to minimize the total fuel cost consumption of power plant considering their generation values as decision variables while satisfying the problem constraints. It confers a solution to the ELD issue by anchoring with foraging behavior of squirrels based on the dynamic jumping and gliding strategies. Furthermore, a heuristic approach and selection rules are used in SSA to handle the constraints appropriately. Findings Empirical results authenticate the superior performance of SSA technique by validating on four different large-scale systems. Comparing SSA with other HOTs, numerical results depict its proficiencies with high-qualitative solution and by its excellent computational efficiency to solve the ELD problems with non-smooth fuel cost function addressing the VPL and MFO. Moreover, the non-parametric tests prove the robustness and efficacy of the suggested SSA and demonstrate that it can be used as a competent optimizer for solving the real-world large-scale non-convex ELD problems. Practical implications This study has compared various HOTs to determine optimal generation scheduling for large-scale ELD problems. Consequently, its comparative analysis will be beneficial to power engineers for accurate generation planning. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this manuscript is the first research work of using SSA approach for solving ELD problems. Consequently, the solution to this problem configures the key contribution of this paper.

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Padyab, Ali, Abdolrasoul Habibipour, Aya Rizk, and Anna Ståhlbröst. "Adoption Barriers of IoT in Large Scale Pilots." Information 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11010023.

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The pervasive connectivity of devices enabled by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is leading the way in various innovative services and applications. This increasing connectivity comes with its own complexity. Thus, large scale pilots (LSPs) are designed to develop, test and use IoT innovations in various domains in conditions very similar to their operational scalable setting. One of the key challenges facing the diffusion of such innovations within the course of an LSP is understanding the conditions in which their respective users decide to adopt them (or not). Accordingly, in this study we explore IoT adoption barriers in four LSPs in Europe from the following domains: smart cities, autonomous driving, wearables and smart agriculture and farming. By applying Roger’s Diffusion of Innovation as a theoretical lens and using empirical data from workshops and expert interviews, we identify a set of common and domain specific adoption barriers. Our results reveal that trust, cost, perceived value, privacy and security are common concerns, yet shape differently across domains. In order to overcome various barriers, the relative advantage or value of using the innovation needs to be clearly communicated and related to the users’ situational use; while this value can be economic in some domains, it is more hedonic in others. LSPs were particularly challenged in applying established strategies to overcome some of those barriers (e.g., co-creation with end-users) due to the immaturity of the technology as well as the scale of pilots. Accordingly, we reflect on the theoretical choice in the discussion as well as the implications of this study on research and practice. We conclude with providing practical recommendations to LSPs and avenues for future research.

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21

Pylypenko, Аndriy, and Аlina Lytvynenko. "Institutional and architectural design of organisational development of large-scale economic and industrial systems." Economic Annals-ХХI 165, no. 5-6 (October 2017): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v165-16.

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22

Marques, Guilherme Fernandes, and A. Tilmant. "The economic value of coordination in large-scale multireservoir systems: The Parana River case." Water Resources Research 49, no. 11 (November 2013): 7546–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013wr013679.

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23

Kuyuk, Ali Fahrettin, Seyed Ali Ghoreishi-Madiseh, Ferri P. Hassani, Agus P. Sasmito, Leyla Amiri, and Jeffrey Templeton. "Performance and economic assessment of large-scale deep-lake cooling systems: A Canadian example." Energy Procedia 158 (February 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.033.

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24

Karasik, Myron S. "The dynamical behavior of ensembles of autonomous systems as applied to large scale systems behaviour of economic and societal systems." Mathematical Modelling 8 (1987): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0270-0255(87)90580-x.

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25

Riboldazzi, Sabina. "Corporate Governance And Sustainability In Italian Large-Scale Retail Companies." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 16 (June 28, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n16p1.

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The growing complexity of today’s business systems due to the economic globalization has led to a substantial modification of current corporate governance principles and approaches. In particular, the application of good corporate governance principles has increasingly required a clear focus on sustainability, which minimizes risks and, at the same time, ensures a positive outlook for the future of the company itself. Through the analysis of corporate governance systems, this study deepens the link between corporate governance and sustainability in retail companies, with particular emphasis on the Italian grocery retail system. The study highlights that innovation and process efficiency, promoted and implemented by a governance that values fairness and transparency, allow retail companies to obtain consensus and resources, thereby triggering a virtuous circle of sustainable business development.

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26

Adamov, Evgeny O., Valeriy I. Rachkov, Andrey A. Kashirsky, and Alexander I. Orlov. "Global outlook on large-scale nuclear power development strategies." Nuclear Energy and Technology 7, no. 4 (December 9, 2021): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.7.74217.

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As of today, nuclear power together with hydropower provides three-quarters of global low-carbon electricity generation. Over the past 60 years since the time of its inception, the use of nuclear power has reduced CO2 emissions by over 60 gigatonnes. There is no doubt that nuclear power can play a major, and maybe even a decisive role in decarbonizing the electricity sector, as it is evident from the current energy mix of some European countries, especially France, and major economic powers like the Unites States, Russia and South Korea. It is also evident that in most advanced economies nuclear power has entered a phase of gradual decline with little new investment coming into new projects, regardless of the world’s desperate need for more low-carbon electricity. Although existing reactor and their corresponding fuel cycle technologies have enabled the global nuclear power fleet to reach ~ 400 GWe of net installed capacity, there is growing concern that the scale of NPP shutdowns expected in Europe and North America could offset new capacity additions in Asian markets. Theoretically, renewable energy could fill the void left by reactors taken offline but there is strong evidence that the potential of wind and solar for global decarbonization is limited by material, land and economic constraints. Large-scale renewable systems would also require massive energy storage capacity that would hamper economic sustainability of the energy supply for developing countries. Taking into account the potential benefits of developing nuclear power, some countries are determined to expand its share in their energy mix through technological innovation and application of new strategies, directed at improving or completely resolving current issues related to economics, environmental concerns or non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. There are many states in the world today pursuing some sort of nuclear power development. A limited number of countries envision expanding or transforming their nuclear energy system using truly game-changing strategies based on innovative reactor, fuel cycle and waste management technologies. The focus of this paper is to give an overview of the approaches to large-scale nuclear power development being applied today in Russia, China, USA and India.

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El-Hafez, Omar Jouma, Tarek Y. ElMekkawy, Mohamed Bin Mokhtar Kharbeche, and Ahmed Mohammed Massoud. "Economic Energy Allocation of Conventional and Large-Scale PV Power Plants." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031362.

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During the past few decades, rapid progress in reducing the cost of photovoltaic (PV) energy has been achieved. At the megawatt (MW) to gigawatt (GW) scale, large PV systems are connected to the electricity grid to provide power during the daytime. Many PVs can be installed on sites with optimal solar radiation and other logistical considerations. However, the electricity produced by the PV power plant has to be transmitted and distributed by the grid, which leads to more power losses. With the widespread commissioning of the large-scale solar PV power plants connected to the grid, it is crucial to have an optimal energy allocation between the conventional and the PV power plants. The electricity cost represents the most significant part of the budget in the power distribution companies, which can reach in many countries billions of dollars. This optimal energy allocation is used to minimize the electricity cost from buyers’ (distribution companies) point of view rather than sellers’ (owners of power plants, i.e., investors) point of view. However, some constraints have to be considered and met, such as water demand, network limitations, and contractual issues such as minimum-take energy. This paper develops a model for the economic energy allocation of conventional and large-scale PV power plants, which considers both the operational aspects and the contractual provisions. The model can be used either in the design or operation phases to minimize the operating cost. Moreover, the proposed model can be used for budgeting tasks. The developed model is entirely generic and can be used for any country or electricity system regardless of the PV energy contribution. Furthermore, the Al-Karsaah power plant located in Qatar is discussed as a case study to validate the claimed contribution.

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Vannoni, Alberto, Alessandro Sorce, Alberto Traverso, and Aristide Fausto Massardo. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Power-to-Heat Systems." E3S Web of Conferences 238 (2021): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123803003.

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The heating and cooling sector, responsible for a large fraction of greenhouse emissions, may have a large scale impact on the energy system evolution contributing to smart industrial and domestic electrification; at the same time the recent increase of renewable energy sources installation, posing a threat in terms of grid stability, makes available a considerable amount of clean and cheap electrical energy during peak hours production. Power to heat technologies constitute a promising solution to face both these issues reducing the electric demand variability and decarbonizing the heat production. Large vapor compression heat pumps are a reliable technology able to compete, under the economic point of view, with the heat-only-boilers in order to serve district heating networks. Performance and economic profitability of a compression cycle is strongly dependent on available thermal source and the temperature of water delivered to the network. The present work explores and compares performance and economic indicators under different installation conditions, considering compression heat pumps employing four different fluids: a traditional HCF (R134a) and three natural fluids, ammonia (R717), butane (R600), and propane (R290), often preferred nowadays to HCFs due to the lower global warming potential.

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Das, S., K. Goswami, and B. N. Datta. "Quadratic partial eigenvalue assignment in large-scale stochastic dynamic systems for resilient and economic design." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 72-73 (May 2016): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.10.001.

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30

Seng, Eng. "7.1.2 Analysis of Singapore's 1991 Strategic Economic Plan Using the Large-Scale Systems Engineering Framework." INCOSE International Symposium 17, no. 1 (June 2007): 1004–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2007.tb02928.x.

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Rawlings, James B., Nishith R. Patel, Michael J. Risbeck, Christos T. Maravelias, Michael J. Wenzel, and Robert D. Turney. "Economic MPC and real-time decision making with application to large-scale HVAC energy systems." Computers & Chemical Engineering 114 (June 2018): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.10.038.

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SZELL, MICHAEL, and STEFAN THURNER. "SOCIAL DYNAMICS IN A LARGE-SCALE ONLINE GAME." Advances in Complex Systems 15, no. 06 (August 2012): 1250064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525912500646.

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Complex systems — when treated as systems accessible to natural sciences — pose tremendous requirements on data. Usually these requirements obstruct a scientific understanding of social phenomena on scientific grounds. Due to developments in IT, new collective human behavior, new dimensions of data sources are beginning to open up. Here we report on a complete data set of an entire society, consisting of over 350,000 human players of a massive multiplayer online game. All actions of all players over three years are recorded, including communication behavior and social ties. In this work we review the first steps undertaken in analyzing this vast data set, focusing on social dynamics on friend-, enemy- and communication networks. This new data-driven approach to social science allows to study socio-economic behavior of humans and human groups in specific environments with unprecedented precision. We propose two new empirical social laws which relate the network properties of link weight, overlap and betweenness centrality in a nonlinear way, and provide strong quantitative evidence for classical social balance assumptions, the weak ties hypothesis and triadic closure. In our analysis of large-scale multirelational networks we discover systematic deviations between positive and negative tie networks. Exploring such virtual "social laboratories" in the light of complexity science has the potential to lead to the discovery of systemic properties of human societies, with unforeseen impact on managing human-induced crises.

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33

Halloran, J. M., and D. W. Archer. "External economic drivers and US agricultural production systems." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 23, no. 04 (June 30, 2008): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170508002287.

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AbstractUS agriculture operates in a market driven economy, although government policies can have influence on what farmers produce and how they produce it. As with other businesses, agricultural producers respond to economic incentives and disincentives, and make decisions to maximize their welfare; usually measured as net income. We examined how external economic drivers shape the type of agricultural systems that producers adopt. Specifically, we considered the influence of technological advancements, income supports embodied in farm legislation, and changes in market structure and consumer demand. Changes in technology have often favored large-scale and specialized operations. Many of the technological advancements have required large-scale production units to justify the investment. Often the technology has been commodity specific. However, there is some evidence that more diversified production units might be able to achieve economies of both scale and scope. The influence of commodity support programs has been ambiguous. As farm legislation has evolved to decouple production decisions from program benefits, the incentives to specialize in program crops (crops that receive price and/or income benefits under federal legislation, such as corn, other grains and oil seeds) have diminished. However, wealth and risk effects, albeit small, may have promoted or inhibited the adoption of a more integrated system. The ability of producers to adopt more integrated systems has been primarily influenced by their natural resource base and proximity to markets. Changes in market structure, channels and consumer demand in the past five decades have been dramatic with consolidation and specialization in both production and marketing sectors. However, the diversity of consumer demand has also created opportunities for more integrated farm operations. There is an increasing number of consumers who have become concerned about how and where their food has been produced. Markets for organic, locally produced, free range and the like are expected to grow. While price and income supports may have been biased towards specialization (as these programs were targeted to specific commodities), the reduction in risk associated with the programs has enabled producers to expand the number and diversity of their production enterprises. Furthermore, through the use of strategic alliances, cooperation among producers on a regional basis may eventually lead to greater integration and diversification than could be achieved for the individual farm operation.

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Sędziwy, Adam, and Leszek Kotulski. "Solving Large-Scale Multipoint Lighting Design Problem Using Multi-Agent Environment." Key Engineering Materials 486 (July 2011): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.486.179.

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In the paper we focus on the problem of large-scale distribution of lighting points. Its solution is constrained by economic issues like power consumption or exploitation costs and, on the other side, by the computational complexity of design process. Multi-agent computational environment combined with graph and hypergraph representations of a problem allow meeting design requirements and objectives and, on the other hand, make the method applicable for large systems for which computational effectiveness is a crucial factor.

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Pylypenko, Аndriy, and Alexander Popov. "Development of information consolidation system in the reflective management of large-scale economic and production systems." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 3 (88) (August 31, 2017): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.108929.

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Zhao, Wenmeng, Mingbo Liu, Jianquan Zhu, and Licheng Li. "Fully decentralised multi-area dynamic economic dispatch for large-scale power systems via cutting plane consensus." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 10, no. 10 (July 7, 2016): 2486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.1345.

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Noel, Lance. "The hidden economic benefits of large-scale renewable energy deployment: Integrating heat, electricity and vehicle systems." Energy Research & Social Science 26 (April 2017): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.01.019.

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Акинфеева, E. Akinfeeva, Ерзнкян, and Bagrat Yerznkyan. "Institutional Features of Large-Scale Innovation Clusters (on the Example of Skolkovo and Silicon Valley)." Administration 4, no. 1 (March 17, 2016): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18793.

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An approach to territorially localized innovation clusters as large-scale economic systems with an institutional component in their structure is developed in this paper. The approach is methodologically based on the G.B. Kleiner’s system paradigm according to which systems can be presented as a set of four elements – objects, environments, processes, and projects. Identifying institutions as systems allows incorporate the institutional component in the system paradigm. Taking into account the possibility for four-element representation of institutions as systems, the institutional features of such largest innovation clusters as Russian Skolkovo and American Silicon Valley are considered.

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Zubovа, Lyudmila V., Eduard Viktorovich Korovin, Alexey Sergeevich Smirnov, Vladimir N. Kuzmin, and Andrey Valerievich Kurakov. "Development of Problem-Oriented Management and Decision-Making System and Optimization of Economic and Social Systems." Webology 18, SI05 (October 30, 2021): 436–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si05/web18239.

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The main goal of this study is to develop the theory of risk tolerance in task-oriented processes (using the example of enterprises engaged in research, development, and engineering), which is preceded by an analysis of scientific and methodological provisions for substantiating management decisions when developing promising space rocket technology under economic risks. The complexity of developing the theory of risk tolerance using the example of enterprises involved in the development of military and dual-use equipment lies in the multistructured evaluating system itself, justified by its multicomponent structure and large scale of topological complexity and logic of functioning in various modes and under different conditions, which leads to the need to divide it into a set of subsystems as moving substances in the process of task-oriented processes that have informational, methodological, and algorithmic commonality. That is accompanied by the decentralization of information processing in a structural parametric uncertainty. In this regard, in order to parameterize the uncertainty processes, the authors present a risk tolerance level assessment process diagram in task-oriented processes when developing military and dual-use equipment. Using the algorithm for determining the marginal cost of risk, marginal risk tolerance, and marginal risk level of an economic entity according to the method of L.V. Zubova, the work presents an approach of potentially dangerous risks (PDR) categorization of the financial and economic sphere and suggests ways to minimize risk, taking into account, if possible, risk rejection, determining the "cost of no action" in the face of uncertainty.

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Bologna, Alberto, Matteo Fasano, Luca Bergamasco, Matteo Morciano, Francesca Bersani, Pietro Asinari, Lorenza Meucci, and Eliodoro Chiavazzo. "Techno-Economic Analysis of a Solar Thermal Plant for Large-Scale Water Pasteurization." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (July 11, 2020): 4771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144771.

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Water pasteurization has the potential to overcome some of the drawbacks of more conventional disinfection techniques such as chlorination, ozonation and ultraviolet radiation treatment. However, the high throughput of community water systems requires energy-intensive processes, and renewable energy sources have the potential to improve the sustainability of water pasteurization plants. In case of water pasteurization by solar thermal treatment, the continuity of operation is limited by the intermittent availability of the solar irradiance. Here we show that this problem can be addressed by a proper design of the plant layout, which includes a thermal energy storage system and an auxiliary gas boiler. Based on a target pasteurization protocol validated by experiments, a complete lumped-component model of the plant is developed and used to determine the operating parameters and size of the components for a given delivery flow rate. Finally, we report an economic analysis of the proposed plant layout, which allows its optimization for different scenarios based on two design variables, namely the solar multiple and the duration of the thermal energy storage. Based on the analyzed cases, it is found that the proposed plant layouts may yield a unit cost of water treatment ranging from ≈32 EUR-cents m−3 to ≈25 EUR-cents m−3.

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Guo, Fanghong, Changyun Wen, Jianfeng Mao, Jiawei Chen, and Yong-Duan Song. "Hierarchical Decentralized Optimization Architecture for Economic Dispatch: A New Approach for Large-Scale Power System." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 14, no. 2 (February 2018): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2017.2749264.

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Blarke, Morten, and Henrik Lund. "Large-scale heat pumps in sustainable energy systems: System and project perspectives." Thermal Science 11, no. 3 (2007): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0703143b.

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This paper shows that in support of its ability to improve the overall economic cost-effectiveness and flexibility of the Danish energy system, the financially feasible integration of large-scale heat pumps (HP) with existing combined heat and power (CHP) plants, is critically sensitive to the operational mode of the HP vis-?-vis the operational coefficient of performance, mainly given by the temperature level of the heat source. When using ground source for low-temperature heat source, heat production costs increases by about 10%, while partial use of condensed flue gasses for low-temperature heat source results in an 8% cost reduction. Furthermore, the analysis shows that when a large-scale HP is integrated with an existing CHP plant, the projected spot market situation in The Nordic Power Exchange (Nord Pool) towards 2025, which reflects a growing share of wind power and heat-supply constrained power generation electricity, further reduces the operational hours of the CHP unit over time, while increasing the operational hours of the HP unit. In result, an HP unit at half the heat production capacity as the CHP unit in combination with a heat-only boiler represents as a possibly financially feasible alternative to CHP operation, rather than a supplement to CHP unit operation. While such revised operational strategy would have impacts on policies to promote co-generation, these results indicate that the integration of large-scale HP may jeopardize efforts to promote co-generation. Policy instruments should be designed to promote the integration of HP with lower than half of the heating capacity of the CHP unit. Also it is found, that CHP-HP plant designs should allow for the utilization of heat recovered from the CHP unit?s flue gasses for both concurrent (CHP unit and HP unit) and independent operation (HP unit only). For independent operation, the recovered heat is required to be stored. .

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Kien, Le Chi, Thang Trung Nguyen, Chiem Trong Hien, and Minh Quan Duong. "A Novel Social Spider Optimization Algorithm for Large-Scale Economic Load Dispatch Problem." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061075.

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The paper develops an improved social spider optimization algorithm (ISSO) for finding optimal solutions of economic load dispatch (ELD) problems. Different ELD problem study cases can bring huge challenges for testing the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed ISSO method since discontinuous objective functions as well as complicated constraints are taken into account. The improved method is different from original social spider optimization algorithm (SSSO) by performing several modifications directly related to three processes of new solution generation. Namely, the proposed method keeps one formula for the first and the second generations and modify them effectively while SSSO has two different formulas for each generation. In the third generation, the proposed method applies a new formula for determining the mating radius of dominant males and females with the intent to expand search space and avoid falling into local zones. The modifications can support the proposed ISSO method find better solutions with faster manner than SSSO while the number of control parameters and the number of computational processes can be reduced. As a result, the proposed method can find much less generation cost and achieve faster search speeds than SSSO for all considered systems. On the other hand, the search ability evaluation of the proposed method is also given by comparing results with other existing methods available in previous studies. The proposed method can obtain approximate or better results and faster convergence than nearly all compared methods excluding for the last system. Consequently, the proposed ISSO method can be recommended to be a strong method for ELD problem and it can be tried for other mathematical problems in engineering.

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Anastasiadis, Anestis, Georgios Kondylis, Georgios A. Vokas, and Panagiotis Papageorgas. "Hydrothermal coordination in power systems with large-scale integration of renewable energy sources." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 3 (April 11, 2016): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2015-0054.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of an ideal power network that combines many different renewable energy technologies such as wind power, concentrated solar power (CSP) and hydroelectric power. This paper emphasizes in finding the benefits arising from hydrothermal coordination compared to the non-regulated integration of the hydroelectric units, as well as the benefits from the integration of wind power and CSP. Design/methodology/approach – Artificial Neural Networks were used to estimate wind power output. As for the CSP system, a three-tier architecture which includes a solar field, a transmission-storage system and a production unit was used. Each one of those separate sections is analyzed and the process is modeled. As for the hydroelectric plant, the knowledge of the water’s flow rated has helped estimating the power output, taking into account the technical restrictions and losses during transmission. Also, the economic dispatch problem was solved by using artificial intelligence methods. Findings – Hydrothermal coordination leads to greater thermal participation reduction and cost reduction than a non-regulated integration of the hydrothermal unit. The latter is independent from the degree of integration of the other renewable sources (wind power, CSP). Originality/value – Hydrothermal coordination in a power system which includes thermal units and CSP for cost and emissions reduction.

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Soliman, A. M., Abdullah G. Alharbi, and Mohamed A. Sharaf Eldean. "Techno-Economic Optimization of a Solar–Wind Hybrid System to Power a Large-Scale Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 11508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011508.

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Solar-wind hybrid systems have grown to become a pivotal option for powering membrane desalination processes, especially because they have zero harmful emissions. In this work, solar photovoltaic (PV) and horizontal wind turbine (HWT) systems were used to drive a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination process to produce large-capacity fresh water. Moreover, an investigation into a hybrid PV–HWT system combined with RO was also conducted. The proposed systems are compared technically and economically with the solar organic Rankine cycle (SORC) for RO. Technical and analytical optimization methods were performed to minimize the unit product cost (USD/m3). The results revealed that photovoltaic-powered RO is recommended over wind energy operations. However, for large capacities, both thermal and wind farms dominate.

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Condon, Laura E., and Reed M. Maxwell. "Simulating the sensitivity of evapotranspiration and streamflow to large-scale groundwater depletion." Science Advances 5, no. 6 (June 2019): eaav4574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav4574.

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Groundwater pumping has caused marked aquifer storage declines over the past century. In addition to threatening the viability of groundwater-dependent economic activities, storage losses reshape the hydrologic landscape, shifting groundwater surface water exchanges and surface water availability. A more comprehensive understanding of modern groundwater-depleted systems is needed as we strive for improved simulations and more efficient water resources management. Here, we begin to address this gap by evaluating the impact of 100 years of groundwater declines across the continental United States on simulated watershed behavior. Subsurface storage losses reverberate throughout hydrologic systems, decreasing streamflow and evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration declines are focused in water-limited periods and shallow groundwater regions. Streamflow losses are widespread and intensify along drainage networks, often occurring far from the point of groundwater abstraction. Our integrated approach illustrates the sensitivity of land surface simulations to groundwater storage levels and a path toward evaluating these connections in large-scale models.

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de Bezerra, Thales Ramon Q., Ernesto C. Domingues, Luiz Flávio A. Maia Filho, Artur N. Rombenso, Santiago Hamilton, and Ronaldo O. Cavalli. "Economic analysis of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) cage culture in large- and small-scale production systems in Brazil." Aquaculture International 24, no. 2 (September 26, 2015): 609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9951-2.

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Wang, Yu, Bin Li, and Thomas Weise. "Estimation of distribution and differential evolution cooperation for large scale economic load dispatch optimization of power systems." Information Sciences 180, no. 12 (June 15, 2010): 2405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2010.02.015.

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Torres‐Acosta, Mario, Alejandro González‐Mora, Federico Ruiz‐Ruiz, Marco Rito‐Palomares, and Jorge Benavides. "Economic evaluation of M13 bacteriophage production at large‐Scale for therapeutic applications using aqueous Two‐Phase systems." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 95, no. 11 (August 8, 2020): 2822–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6526.

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Bawazir, Abdullah, and Daniel Friedrich. "Evaluation and Design of Large-Scale Solar Adsorption Cooling Systems Based on Energetic, Economic and Environmental Performance." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 15, 2022): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062149.

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In hot and dry regions such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, the cooling demand is often responsible for more than 70% of electricity consumption, which places a massive strain on the electricity grid and leads to significant emissions. Solar thermal driven Silica-Gel/Water adsorption chillers, used for space cooling, could provide low carbon emission cooling and reduce the reliance on grid electricity. However, a meticulous design is required to make this both economically and environmentally beneficial. This paper aims to evaluate the solar thermal adsorption chiller performance based on large-scale cooling demand through a TRNSYS simulation for 1 year of operation. The proposed system consists of two main parts: first, the solar loop with evacuated tube solar collectors; and second, the adsorption cooling system with a silica-gel/water adsorption chiller. A neighbourhood of 80 typical 197 m2 villas in Riyadh, the capital city of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), was taken as a case study. The solar adsorption cycle’s performance has been compared to the conventional vapour compression cycle in terms of energy, economic and environmental performance. In addition, a parametric study has been performed for the main design parameters. Results reveal that the system can reach a solar fraction of 96% with solar collector area of 5500 m2 and a storage tank volume between 350 and 400 m3. Furthermore, the annual energy cost can be reduced by 74% for the solar adsorption system compared to the conventional vapour compression cycle. Meanwhile, the CO2 saving percentage for the solar adsorption cycle was approximately 75% compared to the conventional vapour compression cycle. Carefully designed solar thermal cooling systems can reduce greenhouse gas emissions while covering a large scale of cooling demands. This can reduce the strain on the electricity grid as well as greenhouse gas emissions.

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