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Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Orera, Alodia, Alejandro Betato, Jorge Silva-Treviño, Ángel Larrea, and Miguel Á. Laguna-Bercero. "Advanced metal oxide infiltrated electrodes for boosting the performance of solid oxide cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, no. 5 (2022): 2541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta07902f.

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2

Byeon, S. H., I. S. Kim, M. Itoh, and T. Nakamura. "Structural study on new ordered potassium-nickel fluoride-type oxides, strontium lanthanum magnesium manganese oxide and strontium lanthanum zinc manganese oxide." Materials Research Bulletin 28, no. 6 (June 1993): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(93)90056-j.

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3

Wang, Hsiang-Jen, Mark R. De Guire, Zhengliang Xing, Gerry Agnew, Richard Goettler, Zhien Liu, and Arthur H. Heuer. "Manganese Oxide Formation in Lanthanum Strontium Manganite-Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia SOFC Cathodes." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions E 1, no. 3 (August 9, 2014): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40553-014-0026-5.

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4

Ojo, Olajumoke Omolara. "Effect of Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LaSMnO3) Nanoparticle on mouse Testosterone and Fertility." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 2 (March 20, 2021): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2.4614.

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Intraperitoneal administration of Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LaSMnO3) a new class of magnetic nanoparticle on mouse testosterone and fertility was investigated. For this, experimental mice divided into 4 groups (n=5); group I, II, III and IV were treated with vehicle (control), 5, 10 and 20 µg/kg/day of LaSMnO3 for 21 days respectively. Five animals from each group were sacrificed at interval of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days, however, after twenty-one days of the treatment, animals in all groups were allowed to cohabited with untreated female mice for fertility study. Toxic effects of LaSMnO3 on the testosterone and sperm parameters were analyzed. Effect on ROS and anti-oxidative biomarkers were also measured. Significant decrease (p<0.05) of epididymal spermatozoa motility and numbers was measured revealing the cytotoxicity effects of this nanomaterial. Light microscopic study revealed changes in the cauda epididymal sperm morphology. Failure of the fertility in LaSMnO3-treated mice as evidenced by the significant reduction in the average number of implantation in females mated with the treated males. Depletion of testicular testosterone hormone level by high dose of LaSMnO3 (20µg/kg/day) shows a reduced testicular androgen synthesis. This study therefore, shows the potential adverse effect of LaSMnO3 on male fertility. Keywords: Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticle, animal models, toxicity, fertility

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5

Haghniaz, Reihaneh, Kavita R. Bhayani, Rinku D. Umrani, and Kishore M. Paknikar. "Dextran stabilized lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging." RSC Advances 3, no. 40 (2013): 18489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra40836a.

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6

Marinescu, Cornelia, Leonid Vradman, Speranta Tanasescu, and Alexandra Navrotsky. "Thermochemistry of perovskites in the lanthanum–strontium–manganese–iron oxide system." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 230 (October 2015): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2015.07.032.

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7

Chen, Yikai, Su Jung Han, and Sanjay Sampath. "Process-Property Correlations in Thermal Spray Functional Oxides." AM&P Technical Articles 170, no. 11 (November 1, 2012): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.amp.2012-11.p049.

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Abstract An integrated strategy for the development of thermally sprayed functional oxide coatings is presented in this article. Strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM), a prototypical functional oxide, was selected to demonstrate the approach.

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8

Saitoh, T., A. E. Bocquet, T. Mizokawa, H. Namatame, A. Fujimori, Y. Takeda, and M. Takano. "Strontium-doped Lanthanum Manganese Oxides Studied by XPS." Surface Science Spectra 6, no. 4 (October 1999): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1247937.

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9

Winterhalder, Franziska Elisabeth, Yousef Alizad Farzin, Olivier Guillon, Andre Weber, and Norbert H. Menzler. "Perovskite-Based Materials As Alternative Fuel Electrodes for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs)." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (May 19, 2023): 1115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.1115ecst.

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Perovskites show high potential as alternative fuel electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) due to their high chemical stability, high conductivity, good catalytic activity and cost-effectiveness. In this work, four perovskites (strontium-iron-niobate double perovskite (SFN), strontium-iron-titanate (STF), lanthanum-strontium-titanate (LST), and lanthanum-strontium-iron-manganese (LSFM)) were examined as fuel electrode materials for SOECs. First, the chemical stability of the perovskites in a reducing atmosphere and the reactivity between the electrode and electrolyte material were analyzed. Besides featuring good chemical stability under reducing conditions, SFN double perovskite and LST exhibit the lowest interaction with the electrolyte (yttria-stabilized zirconia, 8YSZ) after thermal treatment. The results indicate a need for a barrier layer between the tested electrode materials and the YSZ electrolyte to achieve sufficient cell performance throughout its operation in the electrolysis mode. After thoroughly evaluating all preliminary tests, STF was chosen for the first subsequent electrochemical tests. Initial impedance measurements of symmetrical electrolyte-supported cells consisting of pure STF-based electrodes with and without a barrier layer between the electrodes and the electrolyte were conducted to obtain a base for further optimization. For the 5STF fuel electrode, the obtained EIS data confirm the conclusion from the reactivity experiments. Applying a barrier layer at the 5STF fuel electrode/ electrolyte interface is needed to reduce the cell´s ohmic and polarization resistances.

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10

Každailis, Paulius, Ramute Girīunienė, Romualdas Rimeika, Daumantas ČIplys, Kristina Šliužienė, Vaclovas Lisauskas, Bonifacas Vengalis, and Michael S. Shur. "Surface Acoustic Wave Propagation in Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide - Lithium Niobate Structures." Acta Acustica united with Acustica 99, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3813/aaa.918629.

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11

Kulkarni, Vaishnavi M., Dhananjay Bodas, and Kishore M. Paknikar. "Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO) nanoparticles: a versatile platform for anticancer therapy." RSC Advances 5, no. 74 (2015): 60254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra02731d.

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12

Vogt, Ulrich F., Josef Sfeir, Joerg Richter, Christian Soltmann, and Peter Holtappels. "B-site substituted lanthanum strontium ferrites as electrode materials for electrochemical applications." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 11 (January 1, 2008): 2543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880112543.

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For electrochemical systems such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) or solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs), perovskites are widely used as cathode material for the reduction of molecular oxygen. At present, strontium-substituted lanthanum manganite, La1-xSrxMnO3-δ (LSM), is used as standard SOFC cathode material for operation at high temperatures, whereas strontium-substituted lanthanum ferrite (LSF) is alternatively explored for medium-temperature SOFCs. Moreover, LSF is considered to be a potential candidate for oxygen separation membranes as the material reported interesting electrical properties. The design of new perovskite-type La transition-metal oxides is of significant technological importance in order to reduce the operating temperature to 600-800 °C and thus to reduce the SOFC system cost. For investigations on a new material class, (La1-xSrx)yFe1-z(Ni,Cu)zO3-δ was synthesized by a spray-pyrolysis process and modified on the A-site in both stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric configurations and on the B-site by substituting Fe with Ni and Cu.

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13

McNally, Frank, Jin Hyeok Kim, and F. F. Lange. "Fatigue Properties of Lanthanum Strontium Manganate–lead Zirconate Titanate Epitaxial Thin Film Heterostructures Produced by a Chemical Solution Deposition Method." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 7 (July 2000): 1546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0221.

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A liquid-precursor process was used to produce an epitaxial all-oxide ferroelectric memory device structure. The lanthanum strontium manganate–lead zirconate titanate–lanthanum strontium manganate (LSMO–PZT–LSMO) structure used for this device shows excellent polarization and fatigue behavior with a remnant polarization Pr of 42 µC/cm2 and a coercive field Ec of 68 keV. The polarization was found to only slightly degrade after over 1010 fatigue cycles. This behavior is contrasted with epitaxial PZT using a metal top electrode. In addition, the use of a top LSMO electrode was a sufficient barrier to Pb loss during heating to allow subsequent (or prolonged) heat treatments that would generally lead to Pb loss.

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14

Ou, Ding Rong, and Mojie Cheng. "Stability of manganese-oxide-modified lanthanum strontium cobaltite in the presence of chromia." Journal of Power Sources 272 (December 2014): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.077.

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15

Amarnath, Chellalchamy Anbalagan, Fouad Ghamouss, Bruno Schmaltz, Cecile Autret-Lambert, Sylvain Roger, Francois Gervais, and Francois Tran-Van. "Polypyrrole/lanthanum strontium manganite oxide nanocomposites: Elaboration and characterization." Synthetic Metals 167 (March 2013): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.02.003.

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16

Price, Robert, Aida Fuente Cuesta, Holger Bausinger, Gino Longo, Jan Gustav Grolig, Andreas Mai, and John Irvine. "Evaluation and Upscaling of Impregnated La_0.20Sr_0.25Ca_0.45TiO₃ Fuel Electrodes for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells Under H₂O, CO₂ and Co-Electrolysis Conditions." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (May 19, 2023): 899–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0899ecst.

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Recent research into Rh and Ce0.80Gd0.20O1.90-impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 fuel electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells has demonstrated the high-stability of these material sets to a variety of harsh operating conditions at small scales (button cells with 1 cm2 active area), as well as full commercial scales (100 cm2 cells) in short stacks (5 cells) and full micro-combined heat and power systems (60 cells). In this work, the authors present a comprehensive evaluation of the ability of these novel titanate-based materials to function as fuel electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). Short-term and durability testing of button cell scale SOECs, under CO2 and steam electrolysis conditions, highlighted the limited stability of lanthanum strontium manganite-based air electrodes with lanthanum strontium cobaltite ferrite-based air electrodes offering improved degradation. Upscaling of this optimized cell chemistry to a 16 cm2 active area SOEC and testing under CO2, CO2/steam and steam electrolysis conditions demonstrated encouraging performance over a period of ~600 hours.

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17

Kulkarni, Vaishnavi M., Dhananjay Bodas, and Kishore M. Paknikar. "ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LSMO) Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for Anticancer Therapy." ChemInform 46, no. 36 (August 20, 2015): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201536302.

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18

Zheng, Minghao, Shuang Wang, Yi Yang, and Changrong Xia. "Barium carbonate as a synergistic catalyst for the H2O/CO2 reduction reaction at Ni–yttria stabilized zirconia cathodes for solid oxide electrolysis cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 6 (2018): 2721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08249e.

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BaCO₃ is primarily demonstrated as an excellent synergistic catalyst for efficient electro-reduction of H₂O/CO₂ to H₂/CO at the state-of-the-art Ni–YSZ cathodes for solid oxide electrolysis cells with YSZ electrolytes and strontium doped lanthanum manganite oxygen electrodes.

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19

Mahesh, R., R. Mahendiran, A. K. Raychaudhuri, and C. N. R. Rao. "Giant magnetoresistance in lanthanum strontium yttrium manganese oxides (La1−xSrx−zYzMnO3)." Materials Research Bulletin 31, no. 8 (August 1996): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-5408(96)00092-x.

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20

Taylor, Thomas H., Sixbert P. Muhoza, and Michael D. Gross. "Lowering the Impedance of Lanthanum Strontium Manganite-Based Electrodes with Lanthanum Oxychloride and Lanthanum Scavenging Chloride Salts." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 114508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac359a.

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The impact of infiltrating chloride salts on the electrochemical behavior of lanthanum strontium manganite-yttria stabilized zirconia (LSM-YSZ) cathodes was investigated under solid oxide fuel cell operation. Infiltrating a lanthanum chloride solution resulted in the formation of a lanthanum oxychloride (LaOCl) phase. A LaOCl phase also formed by infiltrating an ammonium chloride solution; however, lanthanum was scavenged from the LSM phase to form LaOCl. The third infiltrating solution, a combination of zirconium chloride and yttrium nitrate, formed LaOCl by scavenging lanthanum from LSM and produced YSZ nanoparticles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results suggest that LaOCl improves oxygen adsorption kinetics compared to a baseline LSM-YSZ cathode, reducing the low frequency impedance by 30%. In addition, scavenging lanthanum from LSM improved oxygen ion diffusion polarization as indicated by the observed 40% reduction in high frequency impedance and improved serial ohmic resistance by 19%. Finally, YSZ nanoparticles further reduced the high frequency impedance and ohmic resistance by 45% and 23%, respectively. The findings reveal new strategies for lowering the impedance of LSM-YSZ cathodes.

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21

Zmorayová, Katarína, Pavel Diko, and Jacques G. Noudem. "Microstructure Characterization of La-Ca-Sr-Mn-O Magnetocaloric Ceramics Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering Method." Materials Science Forum 891 (March 2017): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.891.468.

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The influence of different sintering temperatures during Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process on microstructure of La-Ca-Sr-Mn-O ceramics has been studied. The powders of La0.67Ca0.33-xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.33; 0.03) (LCSM) perovskite were prepared by milling of the stoichiometric amounts of the starting materials - lanthanum oxide (La2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), strontium carbonate (SrCO3) and manganese oxide (MnO2), and subsequently calcinated twice. After the second calcinations the LCSM powders were treated by SPS method at four different temperatures (1000°C, 1150°C, 1200°C and 1250°C), at uniaxial pressure of 50 MPa in a vacuum. The microstructure characterizations were done by polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The microstructural observations showed that increasing sintering temperature leads to an increase of grain size. The energy dispersive spectral (EDS) analysis confirmed that higher sintering temperatures cause changes in the phase composition of the investigated LCSM perovskite materials. The benefits of the LCSM samples preparation by SPS process are discussed.

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22

Nishiyama, Haruo, Masanobu Aizawa, Harumi Yokokawa, Teruhisa Horita, Natsuko Sakai, Masayuki Dokiya, and Tatsuya Kawada. "Stability of Lanthanum Calcium Chromite‐Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Interfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 143, no. 7 (July 1, 1996): 2332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1837002.

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23

SPIRIG, J., J. ROUTBORT, D. SINGH, G. KING, P. WOODWARD, and P. DUTTA. "Joining of highly aluminum-doped lanthanum strontium manganese oxide with tetragonal zirconia by plastic deformation." Solid State Ionics 179, no. 15-16 (June 30, 2008): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2008.03.043.

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24

Wang, Ruofan, Zhihao Sun, Yanchen Lu, Srikanth Gopalan, Soumendra N. Basu, and Uday B. Pal. "Comparison of chromium poisoning between lanthanum strontium manganite and lanthanum strontium ferrite composite cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 476 (November 2020): 228743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228743.

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25

CESÁRIO, Moisés Rômolos, Daniel Araújo MACEDO, Bráulio Silva BARROS, Patrícia Mendonça PIMENTEL, Marcus Antonio de Feitas MELO, and Dulce Maria de Araújo MELO. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LSM/SDC FILMS AS COMPOSITE CATHODES FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS." Periódico Tchê Química 07, no. 14 (August 20, 2010): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v7.n14.2010.17_periodico14r_pgs_16_22.pdf.

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The study of the strontium-doped lanthanum manganites in the form of films covers a large area of technological applications, such as ceramics semiconductors and solid oxide fuel cell cathode. Strontium-doped lanthanum manganite and samarium-doped ceria has been used as composite cathode of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of its excellent performance in electronic and ionic conductivity. In this work, we produced films of the cathode LSM / SDC on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) powders were synthesized by a synthesis route similar to the Pechini method, in which the gelatin replaced the ethylene glycol as polymerizing agent. Precursor powders of LSM and SDC phases were calcined at 900 ºC. In the step of films production were prepared suspensions of the LSM and SDC powders with addition of ethyl cellulose as a pore-forming agent. The ceramic suspensions were deposited on YSZ electrolyte using the spin coating method. After sintering to 1150 °C for 4 h the films were characterized by XRD and SEM. The film with 10 wt.% ethyl cellulose presented porous and strongly adhered to the YSZ substrate.

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26

Filonova, Elena, and Elena Pikalova. "Overview of Approaches to Increase the Electrochemical Activity of Conventional Perovskite Air Electrodes." Materials 16, no. 14 (July 12, 2023): 4967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16144967.

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The progressive research trends in the development of low-cost, commercially competitive solid oxide fuel cells with reduced operating temperatures are closely linked to the search for new functional materials as well as technologies to improve the properties of established materials traditionally used in high-temperature devices. Significant efforts are being made to improve air electrodes, which significantly contribute to the degradation of cell performance due to low oxygen reduction reaction kinetics at reduced temperatures. The present review summarizes the basic information on the methods to improve the electrochemical performance of conventional air electrodes with perovskite structure, such as lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM) and lanthanum strontium cobaltite ferrite (LSCF), to make them suitable for application in second generation electrochemical cells operating at medium and low temperatures. In addition, the information presented in this review may serve as a background for further implementation of developed electrode modification technologies involving novel, recently investigated electrode materials.

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27

Mohd Hanif, Siti Hashimah, Walter Charles Primus, Abdul H. Shaari, and Hassan Jumiah. "Fabrication and Electrical Properties of Strontium Doped Lanthanum Manganite Titanite Oxide." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.278.

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Composition of La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.4Ti0.6O3has been prepared using solid state reaction method where its crystal structure and electrical properties has been analyzed using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Low frequency LCR meter, respectively. The result, shows that the sample has cubic perovskite structure with the existence of impurities phase. In electrical measurement, the frequency dependence of complex capacitance plot shows the sample have strong dispersion at lower frequency and the impedance plane plot shows a semicircle due to the grain effect. The sample electrical properties are also represented in equivalent electrical circuit which consists of a quasi d.c and in parallel with conductance.

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28

Laguna-Bercero, M. A., A. R. Hanifi, T. H. Etsell, P. Sarkar, and V. M. Orera. "Microtubular solid oxide fuel cells with lanthanum strontium manganite infiltrated cathodes." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 40, no. 15 (April 2015): 5469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.060.

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29

Jiang, San Ping, Lan Zhang, and Yujun Zhang. "Lanthanum strontium manganese chromite cathode and anode synthesized by gel-casting for solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry 17, no. 25 (2007): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b701339f.

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30

Kumar, Ravi, Anjali Chauhan, Sushil K. Jha, and Bijoy Kumar Kuanr. "Encapsulated lanthanum strontium manganese oxide in mesoporous silica shell: Potential for cancer treatment by hyperthermia therapy." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 790 (June 2019): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.03.163.

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31

Chiba, Rubens, Reinaldo Azevedo Vargas, Marco Andreoli, and Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo. "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Strontium-Doped Lanthanum Manganite Obtained by the Citrate Technique." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.643.

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Nowadays, the La1-XSrXMnO3 (LSM) is one of the most common cathodic materials used in the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The dopant strontium increases the electronic conductivity of the material, besides presents an excellent electrochemical performance, relatively good chemical and thermal stability and compatibility with solid electrolyte of ZrO2/Y2O3 (YSZ). In this work, a contribution to the study of synthesis of LSM is presented with strontium concentration of 50 mol % by the citrate technique. The powders have been characterized for various techniques, as gas absorption and adsorption, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, laser scattering granulometry, gas helium picnometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and calculations of theoretical density and particle average diameter. The ceramics have been characterized by SEM and XRD. The adequate characteristics of LSM have been evaluated aiming at the use in the preparation of suspensions for cathodic thin films of SOFCs.

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32

Pusz, Jakub, Alidad Mohammadi, and Nigel M. Sammes. "Fabrication and Performance of Anode-Supported Micro-Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 4 (March 30, 2006): 482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2357747.

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A solid oxide fuel cell was fabricated using standard NiO/8YSZ cermet anode, 8mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, and lanthanum strontium manganite cathode. The anodes were extruded using an hydraulic ram extruder. An electrolyte was deposited using a novel technique allowing obtaining a 3-5μm thin and dense YSZ layer. The cathode was deposited by brush painting. The cells were operated under different temperature and fuel conditions, and showed excellent performance of up approximately 0.6Wcm−2 at 890°C. Performance data as well as scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the cells are presented.

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33

Winterhalder, Franziska Elisabeth, Yousef Alizad Farzin, Olivier Guillon, Andre Weber, and Norbert H. Menzler. "Perovskite-Based Materials As Alternative Fuel Electrodes for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs)." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (August 28, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154169mtgabs.

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Enhancing the lifetime of SOECs is a challenge to overcome regarding their commercialization. A major impact on the lifetime of a cell during electrolysis operation, particularly under thermoneutral potential and high current densities, is the degradation of the currently used electrode materials, mainly the Ni-based fuel electrode. Among other things, nickel migration, as well as agglomeration, is leading to a significant performance loss after a certain operating time. Hence, preventing degradation mechanisms of the fuel electrode during operation is a necessity to be tackled for using it commercially. Therefore the development of alternative materials which combine sufficient performance with the lowest possible degradation rate is needed. Perovskite-based materials have been investigated in the last years as all-ceramic possible substitutes. In this work, four perovskites (i.e., strontium-iron-niobate double perovskite (SFN), a strontium-iron-titanate material (STF), a lanthanum-strontium-titanate (LST) and a lanthanum-strontium-iron-manganese (LSFM)) were examined as alternative electrode materials. The aim is to substitute the active fuel electrode, at the moment commonly consisting of Ni cermets, with a perovskite-based electrode while at the same time using state-of-the-art materials for the remaining cell components. The first task here was to look at the chemical stability between the new electrode material and the electrolyte under the standard conditions used to manufacture fuel electrode-supported SOECs. Therefore, the compatibility between these perovskites with a yttria-stabilized-zirconia (8YSZ) electrolyte and how nickel inside the fuel electrode affected the chemical stability during sintering in air at 1400 °C for 5 h was investigated. At this point, SFN double perovskite shows the lowest interaction between the electrode and electrolyte after thermal treatment. A thorough evaluation of all preliminary tests (including compatibility, stability in reducing atmospheres and redox stability tests) indicates that SFN shows so far the best results of the four materials in terms of application as fuel electrode material, followed directly by STF. Thus SFN and STF were chosen to be evaluated in single cell tests. The tests of pure SFN and STF electrodes are carried out with electrolyte-supported single cells exhibiting an LSCF air electrode and symmetrical cells, respectively. CV-characteristics and impedance spectra are measured at varied operating conditions. Impedance spectra are evaluated by the distribution of relaxation times (DRT). These examinations are carried out to give an insight into the electrochemical properties of pure perovskite-based fuel electrodes in order to obtain a base for further optimization.

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34

Gupta, S., and P. Singh. "Manganese Doped Lanthanum-Strontium Chromite Fuel Electrode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Oxygen Transport Membrane Systems." ECS Transactions 66, no. 3 (May 15, 2015): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06603.0117ecst.

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35

Shih, Shao-Ju, Reza Sharghi-Moshtaghin, Mark R. De Guire, Richard Goettler, Zhengliang Xing, Zhien Liu, and Arthur H. Heuer. "Mn Valence Determination for Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 158, no. 10 (2011): B1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3625279.

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36

Haleem, B. Abdul, R. Bhuvana, and A. Udayakumar. "Gelcasting of Strontium Doped Lanthanum Manganite for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 68, no. 3 (July 2009): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.2009.11082167.

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37

Chiba, Rubens, Reinaldo Azevedo Vargas, Marco Andreoli, and Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo. "Deposition of Strontium-Doped Lanthanum Manganite Suspensions by Wet Powder Spraying." Materials Science Forum 591-593 (August 2008): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.591-593.459.

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The compound strontium-doped manganite lanthanum (La0,85Sr0,15MnO3 - LSM), deposited in the form of thin films in yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate (Y2O3/ZrO2 - YSZ), is of basic importance as cathodic material of the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this work, the LSM was synthesized by the citrate technique and characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), phase analysis light scattering granulometry (PALS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the wet powder spraying, was used an airbrush and the LSM sample deposited to the YSZ substrate was sintered and characterized by SEM. The conclusions had allowed to establish preliminary conditions for preparation of LSM suspensions by wet powder spraying.

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38

Lee, Chih-Hao, Bing-Syun Yeh, and Tsun-Neng Yang. "Study of the La1−xSrxMnO3 Cathode Film Prepared by a Low Power Plasma Spray Method with Liquid Solution Precursor for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Crystals 12, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): 1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111633.

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A perovskite La1−xSrxMnO3 cathode thin film for an oxygen ion conducting solid oxide fuel cell was prepared using a low power (8.8 kW) liquid solution plasma spray method. Usually, a 30–50 kW Ar plasma torch with temperature higher than all the melting points of solid precursors is essential to synthesis oxides thin film. However, using the liquid precursors as the feeding materials, the required power can be reduced and save a lot of thermal budget. The precursors are water solutions of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, manganese(II) nitrate tetrahydrate, and strontium nitrate. The atomic percentage of La in the plasma sprayed La1−xSrxMnO3 cathode film is lower than that of La in the feeding precursor into the torch, which is due to the low boiling temperature of La(NO3)3 precursor. The oxygen stoichiometry of La1−xSrxMnO3−δ deduced from the valence state of Mn measured by X-ray absorption spectroscopy shows an oxygen deficit structure. The measured low resistivity of 0.07–0.09 Ωcm at room temperature for this La1−xSrxMnO3−δ is essential for oxygen ion transport in the cathode thin film of a solid-state fuel cell.

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39

Gopalan, Srikanth, and Ayesha Akter. "(Invited) Chemical Stability and Performance of Rare Earth Nickelate Oxygen Electrodes for Reversible Solid Oxide Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 38 (July 7, 2022): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01381672mtgabs.

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Composite rare-earth nickelate-rare-earth doped ceria oxygen electrodes have inherent chemical instabilities. Over the last year, we have made progress on achieving chemical stability and high performance using a strategy of heavily doping the ceria phase with rare-earth cations. A higher dopant concentration of a rare-earth cation in the ceria phase ensures thermodynamic stability of the nickelate phase in contact with the ceria phase. In particular, composite oxygen electrodes comprising lanthanum nickelate La2NiO4+δ (LNO) - lanthanum doped ceria (LDC) and neodymium nickelate Nd2NiO4+δ (NNO) - neodymium doped ceria (NDC) have been electrochemically tested in both solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) modes. The performance of these cells have been compared to a composite strontium doped lanthanum manganite (LSM)-8 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrode. Both nickelate based electrodes achieve far superior performance compared to the LSM electrodes. We also report impedance measurements from symmetrical cells featuring LNO and NNO electrodes, analyzed using a distribution of relaxation times (DRT) approach. The DRT analysis reveals significant differences in the rate controlling steps in oxygen reduction and incorporation steps between the two materials. Lastly, oxygen surface exchange results for LNO and NNO are also reported which show different oxygen exchange kinetics when measured on dense versus porous materials which have implications for deploying these materials in reversible solid oxide cells.

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40

Dong, Xihui, Paul Gardner, Thomas L. Reitz, Kevin Huang, and Fanglin Chen. "Strontium- and Manganese-Doped Lanthanum Gallate as a Potential Anode Material for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 94, no. 4 (November 10, 2010): 1114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.04221.x.

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41

Pappacena, Kristen E., Dileep Singh, Elena V. Timofeeva, and Jules L. Routbort. "Reaction Joining of Aluminum-Doped Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide to Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia for Gas Sensor Applications." International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology 9, no. 4 (April 10, 2012): 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2012.02773.x.

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42

Zhang, Yubo, and Jason D. Nicholas. "Barium Oxide (BaO) Infiltrated Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LSM)-Gadolinium Doped Ceria (GDC) Solid Oxide Electrochemical Reduction Cells (SOERC) for Reduced Diesel NOx Emissions." ECS Transactions 78, no. 1 (May 30, 2017): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/07801.2381ecst.

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43

Sawaguri, Hiroki, Daichi Yasuhara, and Nobuyuki Gokon. "Redox Performance and Optimization of the Chemical Composition of Lanthanum–Strontium–Manganese-Based Perovskite Oxide for Two-Step Thermochemical CO2 Splitting." Processes 11, no. 9 (September 11, 2023): 2717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11092717.

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The effects of substitution at the A- and B sites on the redox performance of a series of lanthanum–strontium–manganese (LSM)-based perovskite oxides (Z = Ni, Co, and Mg) were studied for application in a two-step thermochemical CO2 splitting cycle to produce liquid fuel from synthesis gas using concentrated solar radiation as the proposed energy source and CO2 recovered from the atmosphere as the prospective chemical source. The redox reactivity, stoichiometry of oxygen/CO production, and optimum chemical composition of Ni-, Co-, and Mg-substituted LSM perovskites were investigated to enhance oxygen/CO productivity. Furthermore, the long-term thermal stabilities and thermochemical repeatabilities of the oxides were evaluated and compared with previous data. The valence changes in the constituent ionic species of the perovskite oxides were studied and evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for each step of the thermochemical cycle. From the perspectives of high redox reactivity, stoichiometric oxygen/CO production, and thermally stable repeatability in long-term thermochemical cycling, Ni0.20-, Co0.35-, and Mg0.125-substituted La0.7Sr0.3Mn perovskite oxides are the most promising materials among the LSM perovskite oxides for two-step thermochemical CO2 splitting, showing CO productivities of 387–533 μmol/g and time-averaged CO productivities of 12.9–18.0 μmol/(min·g) compared with those of LSM perovskites reported in the literature.

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44

Carda, Michal, Daniel Budac, Martin Paidar, and Karel Bouzek. "Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Oxygen Electrode Reaction Mechanism in High-Temperature Solid Oxide Water Electrolysis." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 26 (July 7, 2022): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01261232mtgabs.

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High-temperature solid oxide water electrolysis cells have become the center of attention of the research community owing to several advantages over traditional water electrolysis technologies. Among others, solid oxide water electrolysis represents highly efficient technology with the possibility to operate in a reversible regime (fuel cell/steam electrolysis). Despite the fast reaction kinetics due to the high operating temperature (600-900 °C). A more detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism is of critical importance to further develop this technology. Lanthanum-strontium-manganite La1-xSrxMnO3-δ is still considered a viable material for an oxygen electrode due to its high electrical conductivity, good chemical stability, and thermomechanical compatibility with various solid electrolytes. However, its negligible ionic conductivity is frequently reported in the literature. Although, La1-xSrxMnO3-δ is utilized as an oxygen electrode for several decades and its properties are reported in the literature, the reaction mechanism occurring on this oxygen electrode is insufficiently described, with multiple discrepancies occurring between the individual authors. The open literature almost exclusively considers the oxygen reduction reaction. Here La1-xSrxMnO3-δ is described exclusively as a pure electron conductor. In the case of the oxygen evolution reaction, only the mechanism reversed to the oxygen reduction is considered, which is clearly an oversimplification. Recent articles tend to connect the defect chemistry of La1-xSrxMnO3-δ and electrochemistry to disapprove the generally accepted description of reaction mechanisms, owing to the rather low agreement between theory and experimental data. In the framework of this study, a series of experiments was conducted, both under current-less as well as current-load conditions using laboratory button cells. Oxygen electrodes based on various mixtures of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ-ZrO2:Y2O3 were tested to prove that La1-xSrxMnO3-δ may become a mixed ionic-electron conductor under specific conditions. The obtained data showed that conditions, such as oxygen partial pressure, temperature and, in particular, the polarization history, could result in a partial reduction of Mn4+ to Mn2+ in the crystal lattice of La1-xSrxMnO3-δ. The change of valence is of a great importance because it creates oxygen vacancies through which oxide ions can be transported. Therefore, under such conditions La1-xSrxMnO3-δ becomes a partial mixed ionic-electron conductor, significantly increasing the number of active reaction sites in the three-dimensional structure of the electrode. The most recent articles reported this behavior; however, only during the oxygen reduction reaction owing to the most suitable conditions for the Mn oxidation state transition. Within the framework of this study, the aim is to expand this concept also to the conditions of the oxygen evolution reaction, which has been completely omitted in the literature. The presented results significantly contribute to the understanding of solid oxide cells and represent a solid base for further modelling of the electrolysis cell, and optimization of its construction as well as operational conditions. This work was supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic under project no. TK04030143.

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45

Zurauskiene, Nerija, Voitech Stankevic, Skirmantas Kersulis, Milita Vagner, Valentina Plausinaitiene, Jorunas Dobilas, Remigijus Vasiliauskas, et al. "Enhancement of Room-Temperature Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Nanostructured Lanthanum Manganite Films for Magnetic Sensor Applications." Sensors 22, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114004.

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The results of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) properties of La1-xSrxMnyO3 (LSMO) films grown by the pulsed injection MOCVD technique onto an Al2O3 substrate are presented. The grown films with different Sr (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) and Mn excess (y > 1) concentrations were nanostructured with vertically aligned column-shaped crystallites spread perpendicular to the film plane. It was found that microstructure, resistivity, and magnetoresistive properties of the films strongly depend on the strontium and manganese concentration. All films (including low Sr content) exhibit a metal–insulator transition typical for manganites at a certain temperature, Tm. The Tm vs. Sr content dependence for films with a constant Mn amount has maxima that shift to lower Sr values with the increase in Mn excess in the films. Moreover, the higher the Mn excess concentration in the films, the higher the Tm value obtained. The highest Tm values (270 K) were observed for nanostructured LSMO films with x = 0.17–0.18 and y = 1.15, while the highest low-field magnetoresistance (0.8% at 50 mT) at room temperature (290 K) was achieved for x = 0.3 and y = 1.15. The obtained low-field MR values were relatively high in comparison to those published in the literature results for lanthanum manganite films prepared without additional insulating oxide phases. It can be caused by high Curie temperature (383 K), high saturation magnetization at room temperature (870 emu/cm3), and relatively thin grain boundaries. The obtained results allow to fabricate CMR sensors for low magnetic field measurement at room temperature.

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Kumari, Karuna, Ashutosh Kumar, Dinesh K. Kotnees, Jayakumar Balakrishnan, Ajay D. Thakur, and S. J. Ray. "Structural and resistive switching behaviour in lanthanum strontium manganite - Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite system." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 815 (January 2020): 152213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152213.

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47

Babu, Deepu J., Azad J. Darbandi, Jens Suffner, S. S. Bhattacharya, and Horst Hahn. "Flame spray synthesis of nano lanthanum strontium manganite for solid oxide fuel cell applications." Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 64, no. 1-2 (February 2011): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12666-011-0035-3.

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48

Bai, Shuang, and Jian Liu. "Femtosecond Laser Additive Manufacturing of Multi-Material Layered Structures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030979.

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Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) of a multi-material multi-layer structure was investigated using femtosecond fiber lasers. A thin layer of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and a Ni–YSZ layer were additively manufactured to form the electrolyte and anode support of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). A lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM) layer was then added to form a basic three layer cell. This single step process eliminates the need for binders and post treatment. Parameters including laser power, scan speed, scan pattern, and hatching space were systematically evaluated to obtain optimal density and porosity. This is the first report to build a complete and functional fuel cell by using the LAM approach.

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Gao, Min, Cheng Xin Li, Ming De Wang, Hua Lei Wang, and Chang Jiu Li. "Influence of the Surface Roughness of Plasma-Sprayed YSZ on LSM Cathode Polarization in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.641.

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Under SOFCs operating condition, the cathode reaction rate is determined by triple phase boundary (TPB) areas which are associated with the geometry of the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte. In this paper, YSZ electrolyte was deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). A nano-scaled lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) cathode was prepared by sol-gel process on APS YSZ with different surface roughness to aim at increasing the TPB. The polarization curves of LSM cathode were characterized by potentiostat. The influence of the roughness of APS YSZ on the polarization of LSM cathode was investigated. It was found that the overpotential of the LSM cathode is significantly reduced with the increase of YSZ surface roughness.

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50

Chiba, Rubens, Reinaldo Azevedo Vargas, Marco Andreoli, Thais Aranha Barros Santoro, and Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo. "Crystalline Structure and Microstructural Characteristics of the Cathode/Electrolyte Solid Oxide Half-Cells." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.746.

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The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device generating of electric energy, constituted of cathode, electrolyte and anode; that together they form a unity cell. The study of the solid oxide half-cells consisting of cathode and electrolyte it is very important, in way that is the responsible interface for the reduction reaction of the oxygen. These half-cells are ceramic materials constituted of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) for the cathode and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) for the electrolyte. In this work, two solid oxide half-cells have been manufactured, one constituted of LSM cathode thin film on YSZ electrolyte substrate (LSM - YSZ half-cell), and another constituted of LSM cathode and LSM/YSZ composite cathode thin films on YSZ electrolyte substrate (LSM - LSM/YSZ - YSZ half cell). The cathode/electrolyte solid oxide half-cells were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results have been presented with good adherence between cathode and electrolyte and, LSM and YSZ phases were identified.

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