Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Langues de spécialité – Terminologie'
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Deschamps, Romaine. "Adéquation de l'approche terminologique à la spécificité d'un secteur multidisciplinaire d'activités." Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA131018.
Full textThe principles of terminology theory and methodology underpin the shaping and description of knowledge fields and constitue the structuring support of terminography works. The methodology developped within the context of technology standardization has been mainly applied to the elaboration of terminologies in scientific and technical fields but seldom in other subject fields such as social sciences, administrative or economic activities. And yet, this methodology proves to be very useful for elaborating dictionaries in different knowlege fields, though adjustments are made to their specific characteristics. .
Peraldi, Sandrine. "Indétermination terminologique et multidimensionnalité dans le domaine de la chimie organique : analyse à partir d'un corpus spécialisé de langue anglaise." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070062.
Full textThe research presented in this thesis falls within the scope of terminology and corpus linguistics. We have focused more specifically on the structuring of knowledge and on the terminological process of specialised English. We chose to apply our research in the area of organic chemistry. The aim of this thesis is therefore to make a large-scale corpus-based analysis of specialised discourse in organic chemistry in order to highlight both its indeterminate nature and the multidimensionality of certain key concepts in the area. Indeed, despite the existence of a nomenclature governing the language of chemistry, different studies would appear to indicate that communication among experts, as well as between specialists and non-specialists, is often vague and ambiguous. This consequently hinders conceptual structuring and transmission of specialised knowledge within this area of research. Moreover, these works are also an opportunity to reflect upon a certain number of fundamental aspects in terminology such as the issue of concept (questioning the univocity principle and the predominance of the noun, etc. ), terminological variation as well as the applicability of the classic definition. We shall also question the traditional dichotomy existing between exact science on the one hand and social sciences on the other. Finally, this research significantly contributes to improving knowledge of specialised English for organic chemistry (lexical creativity, morpho-syntactic patterns, the importance of nomenclature elements, etc. )
Guével, Zélie. "La lexicographie française des affaires : représentation lexicale d'une langue de spécialité." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131035.
Full textCalberg, Marie. "Dynamique de la langue et de la terminologie dans le domaine du nucléaire." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070015.
Full textThe history of nuclear engineering is punctuated by a number of major events which often required the creation of new terms or the reworking of existing ones. The terms to be used were selected with great care, defining them was an art form and they had to be used in their proper context. Throughout this study, special emphasis will be placed on the early reactions of linguists, as deduced from the first dictionaries. The fact that some terms were included in dictionaries while others were left out illustrates the extent to which terminology was considered important; this was also reflected in the way they were dealt with from a lexicographical point of view. This provides an introduction to the problems encountered with distributing and popularizing knowledge. We describe a number of examples from the history of nuclear engineering, with particular emphasis on contemporary terminology, how nuclear engineering terms are created and current terminology requirements. Three kinds of documents have been used for the study: texts available in the nuclear field, dictionaries provided by companies and research organizations and lastly, interviews with experts. In each case, the resources selected are both original and complementary; they will be used to study the processes by which terms are created and the methodology implemented to validate nuclear terms. Existing research work and formalization methods will be re-employed, and we propose to improve the existing language engineering tools by putting them to better use. This will result in a number of legitimate needs being met: the need to improve the dissemination of the results of scientific and technological research, the need for more fruitful dialogue and the need for top quality scientific and technical information. Consequently, the ultimate aim is that this thesis should pave the way for the creation of a new Dictionary of Nuclear Engineering
Ungureanu, Ludmila. "L'interprétation langue générale-langue spécialisée dans le discours d'internet." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA131007.
Full textThis thesis is aimed at countering one of the basic assumptions of terminology theory: that there is a clear distinction between general and specialised languages. On the basis of a study of Internet vocabulary, we aim is to prove that there is interpenetration of the two. Our working hypothesis is that semantic neology accounts for much of Internet terminology. Language circulation is presented in three forms: the terminologisation of lexemes, determinologisation and nomad terms. Terminologisation is considered from two viewpoints: semantic shifts and transfers of lexical meaning. The semantic analysis of over thirty terms designating concepts of the Internet is presented, followed by a study of their behaviour in discourse. Their interactive and discursive behaviour is observed through macro-contexts taken from web pages constituting the corpus. These collocations make it possible to bring out the communicative functions of the terms. Then the syntagmatic and a paradigmatic meanings are studied from the angle of the natural definition given by the macro-context, including relations of hyperonymy/hyponymy, holonymy/meronymy and synonymy. Competing terms turn out to play a cognitive role. Finally an evaluation of the degree to which French terms have replaced English originals is suggested
Osman, Muhammad Ussama. "Recherche méthodologique de la création terminologique en langues de spécialité, vocabulaire de l'informatique en arabe." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030130.
Full textTHE AUTHOR SUGGESTS TO STUDY A SAMPLE OF DATA PROCESSING TERMINOLOGY USED IN ARABIC PUBLICATIONS SO AS TO POINT OUT HOW ARABIC LANGUAGE DEALS WITH A VOCABULARY OF A TECHNICAL FIELD MAIMLY MADE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES, ENGLISH AND FRENCH IN THE CASE OF ARABIC LANGUAGE. A REFORMULATED CONCEPTION OF "CREATION" IN TECHNICAL LANGUAGE IS SUGGESTED. THE DIFFERENT WAYS IN WHICH ARABIC ADOPTS AND TRANSFERS THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE DOMAINE OF THE STUDY ARE ANALYSED AND ILLUSTRATED WITH EXAMPLES. THE QUESTIONS OF TERMINOLOGY CREATION. COORDINATION AND DISSMINATION ACOSS THE ARAB WORD IS LARGELY DISCUSSED. THE BASIS FOR A COMPUTERIZED FUTURE research ON THIS VOCABULARY HAS BEEN SUGGESTED. A RICH SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PROVIDED
Sebastião, Moura dos Reis Maria Helena. "La dimension culturelle des discours spécialisés : le cas de la gestion-entreprise." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030071.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to a new perspective on the study of specialised vocabularies, by recognising their cultural dimension and integrating both language and culture in the teaching and learning of specialised language. Based on a corpus consisting of company job-titles used in two languages and cultures (french and portuguese), i aim to reveal the socio-cultural marks borne by these titles which result from their being part of a tripartite frame of reference determining specialist choices: the representation of the world specific to the culture to which they belong, their knowledge of management in the world of the techno-scientific community to which they belong and finally their knowledge of companies in their country actually work. A survey of the information provided by the intra-discursive, inter-discursive and extra-discursive contexts of job titles according to the research methodology i propose shows that despite internationalisation and the many influences between languages and cultures, facilitated in this case by the development of communications and the traditional cultural proximity between portugal and france, what we find here is two distinct discursive worlds, within which meanings and representations are woven and where the essential values shared by each community are articulated. All this expresses each community's view of reality, its knowledge and dreams. .
Josselin-Leray, Amélie. "Place et rôle des terminologies dans les dictionnaires généraux unilingues et bilingues : étude d'un domaine de spécialité : volcanologie." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/josselin_a.
Full textThe main objective of the thesis is to improve the treatment of terms (i. E. Words belonging to special fields) in general monolingual and bilingual dictionaries. To reach that goal, the thesis first examines the literature written on that topic by metalexicographers, and the guidelines on the inclusion of terms written by lexicographers. The review of the literature seems to justify why terms are included in general dictionaries from the point of view of lexicographers and metalexicographers. Metalexicographers also assess the treatment of terms as far as the macrostructure and microstructure of the dictionaries are concerned. However, one point of view is missing : that of the user. Thus, a survey was designed and sent to the three categories of users who are most likely to look up terms in a general dictionary : first, scientists; second, langue specialists; three, the general public. The aim was to determine whether they wish to have terms included in their dictionaries, what type of information about terms they look up, and, finally, whether they are satisfied with various aspects of the treatment (such as the total number of terms included, the scientific accuracy of the definitions, the use and number of field labels, etc. ). The results provided by the 647 surveys collected are thoroughly detailed, after the methodology concerning the designing process of the survey has been described. The thesis also analyses the treatment of the vocabulary of one field in particular (volcanology) in several dictionaries (monolingual French dictionaries, monolingual English dictionaries, bilingual English-French dictionaries). The analysis relies on the data provided by two corpora: a comparable corpus, and a translation corpus, both dealing with popular science texts related to volcanology. The corpus-building process is also described step by step. The thesis ends with an explanation about the role of terms in the more general process of knowledge-building
De, Vecchi Dardo Mario. "La terminologie en entreprise : formes d'une singularité lexicale." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131020.
Full textDobrescu, Mihaela. "Terminologie des techniques de décontamination des sols." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25306/25306.pdf.
Full textDe, Oliveira Isabelle. "Nature et fonctions de la métaphore dans la terminologie médicale : étude comparée du français et du portugais." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/oliveira_i.
Full textThe goal of our search consists in analysing the metaphor in the speciality language which still constitute a reflexion theme not very well clarified. In this perspective, the analysis of the metaphor in the cardiology language represents a real ambitious adventure, as it is a will to demostrate that it is not only a simple way to talk, but also a key element of our thought and world experience. One of the major point of this work is to bring a reflexion and a contribution to nature and to the various functions hold by the metaphor in the medical terminology. To do it, we have presented a possible data basis model which throw light on the elucidation of certain questions reguarding the terminological metaphor. Thus, for us, there is no doubt that in the scientific activity, the metaphor is a need, a precious tool, but endowed with characteristical operating instructions. Yet, for a long time this vision of the metaphor was not in favour, as it contrasted with the Wusterian tradition wich had considered the metaphor as a non rational entity aiming at vague representations said to be not only subjectives but also devoid of any scientific rigour, and carrier of ambiguity. Our position is different. The metaphor is a path often followed by scientists who can appreciate its ability to produce knowledge and to denominate. We have also seen that the terminological metaphor has an undeniable walk-on part in the specialized communication, a fact that had been refutated for a long time. The terminological metaphor in the cardiology field carries out five functions : cognitive, heuristic, denominative, metalinguistic, didactic. Finally we will end with the idea of the metaphor presenting itself as a linguistic key with cognitive conceptualization amoung sciences field
Pic, Elsa. "Caractérisation de l'anglais des droits de l'homme en tant que langage de spécialiste : un essai de méthodologie terminologique." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070059.
Full textHow can one do any terminological work in a field where terms must remain vague to ensure consensus and where ideologies shape each and every concept? The characteristics of human rights language seem irreconcilable with the principles and practice of terminology. Through a study of existing lexicographical books and the analysis of a corpus of international conventions, the specificities of this language and its terms are discovered: they allow the elaboration of a methodology suitable for legal terminology. Centered on the particularities of the nature and construction of legal concepts, this methodology is based on the exemplar view of concepts. This paradigmatic change questions the very notion of legal LSP
Boutayeb, Samy. "Les concepts lexicalisés dans le domaine des techniques documentaires." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131023.
Full textThe study of documentation techniques is achieved combining terminological and associated data based on a textual corpus which then undergoes a terminological analysis. A terminological analysis tool, based on a linguistic representation of knowledge model, is modelised and experimented so as to highlight the aspects concerned by specialization: language, discourse, texts, vocabulaires, knowledge and language users. This tool comprises a terminological database which compilation allows us to set regularities about lexicalised concepts, the core category in this study. The category makes it possible on the one hand to bring out the conceptualisation-symbolisation dynamics by semitosing a conceptual representation. On the other hand it contributes to the comprhension of the denomination mechanism, a caracteristic of languages for special purposes. These properties of lexicalized concepts are in relation with units themselves. Moreover lexicalised concepts are defined by the relations they share: conceptual, morphological and syntagmatical relations. The model of linguistic representation of knowledge allows us to bring out terminological and associated data and as such stands out as a terminological analysis tool of great interest in the comprehension and production of specialized discourses
English, Kathryn. "Une place pour la métaphore dans la théorie de la terminologie : les télécommunications en anglais et en français." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131031.
Full textDelagneau, Jean-Marc. "Etude quantitative assistée par ordinateur d'une langue allemande de spécialité." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1409.
Full textOuannass, Abdelhai. "Recherche sur une langue de spécialité, le vocabulaire des sports en espagnol : analyse lexicologique." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040102.
Full textThe Spanish sport vocabulary is probably one of the richest examples of a linguistic variant. No other field of experience as far as we know, has developed such a complete, protean and varied language of its own. It has perfectly followed the social and cultural evolution of sport, and its formation, characteristics and configuration have come to express the specificity of a field of experience. This vocabulary has sprung from the very history of this sportive phenomenon, its social and cultural values, its demand for a linguistic identity that would be the expression of its uniqueness, the behaviors dictated by the general language and the interactions with concepts from other vocabularies be they the root-one, or foreign, specialized or from a common language
Tebboune, Saliha. "Elaboration sur support informatique d'un dictionnaire de vulgarisation en gynécologie-obstétrique." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131022.
Full textMollard-Desfour, Annie. "Le lexique chromatique français : entre langue courante, langue de spécialité et reflet social : autour de la publication du Dictionnaire des mots et expressions de couleur." Cergy-Pontoise, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CERG0282.
Full textThis thesis on work exposes the essential characteristics of the French chromatic lexicon of the 20th century and our contemporary time. The progressive advance of research is analyzed: drafting of articles "color" for the Trésor de la Langue Française (TLF), under the terms of the "science of the color" for a complement of the TLF, with the design and the publication of various volumes of the Dictionnaire des mots et expressions de couleur. Le Bleu (1998, new edition 2004), Le Rouge (2000), Le Rose (2002). . . Until his prolongations by the analysis of particular aspects (etymologies, synesthesias, field of the mode - clothing, cosmetics -, difficulties of translation of the lexicon of the colors from one language to another - in particular within the European languages). This synthesis of research highlights the problems encountered to define the words of color in a « language dictionary » and the means put to solve the inherent difficulties in this lexicon, between « current language » and « language of speciality ». It updates an at the same time linguistic and extra-linguistic system by underlining the primarily referential structure of this lexicon. The words and expressions of color, descriptions but especially connotative, translate the cultural and symbolic codes and constitute a true « echo » of the society
Yacoub, Johnney. "La terminologie spécialisée maritime en Syrie et au Liban, entre traduction et néologie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040215.
Full textOur thesis project is to study maritime specialized terminology in two countries of the Middle East, Syria and Lebanon. It traces the general history of the language and its role in the Arab countries in general and in Syria and Lebanon in particular. This work shows that the evolution of marine sciences has given rise to many new words for the new realities and discoveries. But languages do not have the same tools to meet the scientific challenges, and Arabic shows failed facing the proliferation of all these new terms. It discusses the problems of the Arab scientific term deal with the advance of anglicisms in scientific fields. Arabic creates words by conventional modes of lexical creations, while its scientific terms are mostly created by layer or translation of other languages such as English or French. Research in Syria and Lebanon helped develop a comparison on the teaching of science subjects, and draw conclusions in order to improve education in Syria. In this work, a hundred of terminology records of maritime terms are designed to help translators and terminologists. We have the idea of taking ground on this research to prepare our future project, a trilingual maritime glossary (English, French, Arabic) that encompasses the different terms of maritime activities
Pelletier, Julie. "La variation terminologique : un modèle à trois composantes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28430/28430.pdf.
Full textPicton, Aurélie. "Diachronie en langue de spécialité, définition d'une méthode linguistique outillée pour reprérer l'évolution des connaissances en corpus : un exemple appliqué au domaine spatial." Toulouse 2, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429061.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation explores the question of the diachronic dimension in terminology using a tool-based approach applied to a diachronic corpus. This study focuses on a request from the French National Space Agency (Cnes) where both knowledge and technology necessarily evolve over the course of “long-term” space projects (approx. 20 yrs. ). This phenomenon can be tricky and a source of difficulties, such as poor communication with new coming engineers who arrive during the project or unconscious modifications of the meaning or forms of terms, etc. Learning how to identify this evolution is therefore of prime importance. Our research aims at defining a linguistic method to track down knowledge evolution within texts. This aim allows us to structure a triple point of view: a theoretical one, a methodological one and an applied one. To do so, this doctoral dissertation presents a description of four linguistic cues which can be semi-automatically identified in corpora to observe evolution: frequency, contexts of evolution, variants and syntactic dependencies. The cues are studied in two diachronic corpora from the Cnes: one corpus made up of three editions of a course on optics and optoelectronics (1994-2002) and one technical corpus composed of specification reports from the DORIS project (1989-2000). This context makes it possible to offer theoretical and methodological paths in textual terminology to track down, study and characterize the evolution that is likely to appear in specialized fields, especially within an environment that has been very little explored, i. E. Short-term diachrony. The approach developed in this study also sheds light on the interpretation of corpus data, firstly, by combining linguistic cues in order to build up a reliable interpretation (or even a diagnosis) of the evolution through linguistic cues; secondly, by reflecting on the place and role of the experts in analyses and by analyst-expert dialoguing as a driving force in the co-construction of interpretations
Faure, Pascaline. "Pour une grammaire métaphorique de l'anglais de spécialité : application de la théorie de la grammaire d'opérations à la didactique de l'anglais médical." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR21007.
Full textOur research was motivated by the desire to elaborate, through application of the linguistic theory of operations, an original treatment of english grammar in a course designed for french-speaking health professionals. As we felt we first needed to bring to light the specificity of those for whom we intended our didactic work, we carried out a survey of our target group. This survey, the results of which make up the first part of our study, aimed at specifying the profiles, linguistic needs and expectations of the health-professionals interested in following a medical english course. In addition, there is to be found a summary statement of the various types of courses and modules, the many learning devices and tools on the market, and the certificates and diplomas that can be prepared by the students. We present, in the second part of our thesis, our suggestions concerning the use of a metaphorised version of grammar: a result of our concern about the need to offer learners a coherent and comprehensible vision of the english grammatical system through vectors carefully chosen from medicine-related fields. All the operations associated with the three basic grammatical categories - the noun, verb and sentence - are analysed in contrast to those corresponding in other indo-european languages, and put back, for some, in a diachronic dimension. Examples in context, including articles taken from english medical journals, jokes and cartoons illustrate operations and general principles. Our "linguistic transgenesis" effort would probably have been considered to be sheer utopianism if it had not been tested out on students by means of questionnaires designed to assess both the popularity and the "therapeutic" effectiveness of our approach. The results of these evaluations comprise the third part of our research
Renwick, Adam. "Recommandations et implantation : le cas des termes des sciences et techniques spatiales." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2025/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the effects of the concerted language policy that was developed and implemented by successive French governments in the second half of the 20th century. As a response to the perceived threat of the pre-eminence of the English language in so many different areas of modern life, the French state has, for nearly half a century, sought to secure the place of the French language in the present and the future by developing a series of commissions charged with recommending French technical terms to supplant borrowed or native forms considered to be inadequate, or name new inventions and concepts. The first part of this thesis describes the terminological planning undertaken in France and demonstrates that it is the product of a long series of interventions by the French state in matters of language. This thesis seeks to evaluate the real-world efficacy of terminological planning carried out in France, by identify the factors that facilitate or hinder the implantation of recommended terms. Drawing on similar studies on the real-world results of terminological planning activities in various specialised domains and involving different languages, a variety of different factors supposed to influence the implantation of specialised terms is identified. Methodologies developed in the literature are enhanced to provide a more nuanced and reliable appreciation of the implantation of recommended terms. The first part of this thesis concludes with the enunciation of the general and specific hypotheses and the justification of the choice of the specialised domain to which the studied terms belong. The second part of this thesis then describes the terminological and documentary corpora compiled and details the methodology by which the corpora are exploited, and the results gathered, managed and analysed.This thesis then describes the influence of different factors on the implantation of the recommended terms of space sciences and technologies. After comparing the global trends observed in the data with those observed in other studies, the influences of terminological, socioterminological and procedural factor are studied in turn. Several factors of each type are found to be involved in the successful implantation of some recommended terms, and certain factors studied are found to favour to the implantation of recommended terms, previous studies having found or supposed the opposite. No single factor examined is found to be sufficient to guarantee, alone, the successful implantation of a recommended term, implantation depending on numerous factors, their interplay and their trade-offs
Ngwaba, Chidinma. "Les termes de la gynécologie obstétrique en igbo : enquête sur un domaine tabou dans une langue sans documents écrits." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2107/document.
Full textThis study focuses on gynaecology-obstetrics terminology in Igbo. Our main objective is to take an inventory of Igbo terms in the area of gynaecology-obstetrics and classify them. This will enable us to examine and evaluate the adequacy of Igbo terms in relation to English and French terms. A second objective involves exposing the methodology used in Igbo term creation in the gynaecology-obstetrics domain.In our research we noticed that gaps exist in the area of gynaecology-obstetrics of the Igbo language when compared to English and French languages. We tried to fill in the gaps thereby validating the idea whereby the Igbo language like all other languages, is capable of naming concepts in any area. Our research specifically aims at collecting Igbo terms from the domain of gynaecology-obstetrics in a way that enables us explain or give information on the method of collection of such terms.The method used in the terminological study of the gynaecology-obstetrics domain in Igbo, should be suitable in studying a taboo domain of a language without written documents. An oral documentary research became necessary. Thus the Igbo terms were compiled by means oral documentation research using techniques that helped us bypass the hesitation or reluctance of many Igbo speakers to express themselves on our area of research.To constitute the nomenclature of the domain, we carried out field work. This involved the observation of and interviews with Igbo speakers namely: traditional doctors, orthodox doctors, midwives both traditional and orthodox, nurses, local chiefs and elderly persons. We thus interviewed 57 resource-persons and experts: 20 doctors, 3 nurses and 10 midwives (for the orthodox medicine component), 15 traditional doctors, 5 traditional midwives, 2 local chiefs and 2 elderly persons (for the traditional medicine component). We were equally inspired by socioterminology as exposed by Gaudin (2003, 2005) and the methodology of research as outlined in Halaoui (1990, 1991) from which we borrowed the methodology of research in terminology of African languages.Looking at our field work result, we noticed terminological gaps which we tried to fill using proposals from the people we interviewed. The work also involved the creation of terms for concepts and objects not already named in Igbo. This naming drew principally on the method described in Diki-Kidiri (2008). An analysis of the process underlying each coinage is included. The result obtained is a clear indication that the Igbo language can be used to name things.This work equally proposes a trilingual glossary: English-French-Igbo. The glossary covers such areas as: Anatomy of the female pelvis and the external genitalia, Anatomy of the internal genital organs – female, Anatomy of the male reproductive system, Physiology of the reproductive system, Development of the embryo, Physiology and nutrition in pregnancy and lactation, Foetal surveillance, Labour, The new born infant, Infections of the reproductive organs, Infections of the reproductive tract, Sexually transmitted diseases, Structural anomalies, Cancers of the reproductive system and Disorders of the urinary system.Our work comprises three parts. Part 1: “The Igbo Language of Nigeria” consists of three chapters. Chapter 1: “Nigeria a Land with ethnicity and Linguistic diversity”, Chapter 2: “Description of the Igbo Language” and Chapter 3: “Problems of Igbo Terminology”. Part 2: entitled “A Distinctive Terminological Domain: Medicine” is made up of two chapters. Chapter 4: “Sickness and Heath among the Igbos” and Chapter 5: “Practicing Medicine in Nigeria”. Part 3 comprises two chapters. Chapter 6: “Field Work” and Chapter 7: “Creating Terms in Igbo: the Gynaecology-Obstetrics Domain”
Nnyọcha anyị a dabere n’ihe gbasara amụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nwa ohụụ n’asụsụ igbo.Ebum n’obi anyị nke mbụ bụ ịchọpụta ma hazie aha dị iche iche e nwere n’asụsụ igbo gbasaraọmụmụ nwa na nwa ohụụ na ngalaba amụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ. Nkea ga-eme ka anyị nwalee aha ndịa e nwere n’asụsụ igbo na ngalaba amụmamụ maka ọmụmụnwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ na aha ndi e nwere na olu bekee m’obụ frenchi. Ebum n’obi anyị nkeabụọ bụ ikwupụta otu anyị si nwete ma depụta aha gbasara ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụn’asụsụ igbo. Anyị kwadoro usoro mkpụrụ edemede nke igbo izugbe.Mgbe anyi n’eme nnyocha a, anyị chọpụtara n’oghere dị n’asụsụ igbo n’ihe metutara mkpọpụtaaha ihe. Nke a mere n’enwere ọtụtụ ihe ndi n’enweghị aha n’asụsụ igbo na ngalaba amụmamụmaka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ. Ihe ndia nwechara aha n’asụsụ ndi ọzọ. Anyị gbalịrịịfachisi oghere ndia dị n’asụsụ igbo iji gosi n’asụsụ a bụ asụsụ igbo nwekwara ike ịkpọpụta ahaihe ndi ha aka akpọbeghị aha.Usoro anyị kwesiri ịgbaso mgbe anyị na-amụ gbasara mkpọ aha n’asụsụ igbo na ngalabaamụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ, kwesiri ka ọ bụrụ nke ga-adaba na ọmụmụihe gbasara asụsụ n’enweghị ihe ndeda gbasara ngalaba amụmamụ a na kwa ngalaba nwereọtụtụ nsọ ala. Nke a mere oji dị mkpa na anyị gara mee nchọpụta n’obodo jụọ ajụjụ ọnụ iji mataaha ndi a n’agbanyeghị na ọ dịghịrị ndi mmadụ mfe ikwu maka ngalaba ihe ọmụmụ a.viNdi anyị gakwuru maka ajụjụ ọnụ a bụ ndi dibịa bekee, ndi nọọsụ, ndi dibịa ọdịnala, ndi ọghọnwa, ndi nchịkọta obodo na ndi okenye. N’ihe niile, anyị na ihe dịka mmadụ 57 kparịtara ụka.Nke a gụnyere ndi ọkachamara. N’ime ha e nwere ndi dibịa bekee 20, ndi nọọsụ 3 na ndi ọghọnwa bekee 10 n’otu akụkụ. N’akụkụ nke ọzọ, e nwere ndi dibịa ọdịnala 15, ndi ọghọ nwaọdịnala 5, ndi nchịkọta obodo 2 na ndi okenye 2. Anyị dabekwara na sosioteminọlọjị nkeGaudin (2003, 2005) na kwa usoro Halaoui (1990, 1991). Usoro a gbasara ịjụ ndi igbo ụfọdụajụjụ ọnụ na iso ha nọrọ mgbe ha na-arụ ọrụ.Nchọcha anyị gụnyekwara ịkpọpụta aha dị iche iche n’asụsụ igbo nke sistemu njiamụnwa nkenwoke na nwaanyị, aha gbasara nwa e bu n’afọ na nke nwa a mụrụ ọhụụ. Anyị gbasoro usoroDiki-Kidiri (2008) maka mkpọpụta aha. Anyị mekwara nkọwa iji gosipụta otu anyị si kpọọ ahandịa. N’ikpe azụ anyị depụtara aha ndi niile anyị ji rụọ ọrụ na asụsụ bekee, frenchi na kwa igbo.Aha ndi anyị depụtara gbasara : Amụmamụ ọkpụkpụ ukwu nwaanyị na njiamụnwa, Amụmamụime njiamụnwa kenwaanyị, Amụmamụ ọganụ njiamụnwa kenwoke, Fiziọlọjị sistemunjiamụnwa, Ntolite nwa nọ n’afọ, Fiziọlọjị kenri na mmiriara n’afọ ime, Nledo nwa nọ n’afọna kwa nwaọhụụ, Imeomume, Mbido ndụ nwaọhụụ, Ọrịa ọganụ njiamụnwa, Ọrịa nwaanyị,Nkwarụ, Kansa njiamụnwa na kwa Ọrịa akpamamịrị
Jahchan, Nataly. "To what extent does text simplification improve human comprehension? : cognitive evaluations for the optimization of the Airbus cockpit controlled language for future aircraft." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20009.
Full textThis PhD was initiated by the Human Factors and Ergonomics in Design department at Airbus with the aim of optimizing an existing cockpit controlled language to integrate in future disruptive design. The need for clear and unambiguous communication is vital in safety critical domains, and the current controlled language was carefully constructed to avoid ambiguity and complexity, and is designed to help pilots operate and navigate the aircraft in normal and abnormal (in cases of emergency or failures) situations. In order to optimize the existing language, we set out to assess the appropriate levels of simplification that would achieve more accurate and faster comprehension with minimum pilot training. We first delved into the controlled language domain to form an overview of the existing controlled languages, their context, and rules. From this research we attempted to find solutions for optimization, but at the same time we strove to offer an original contribution to the field through this work
Barna, Corina. "Divergences et convergences dans la terminologie médicale vétérinaire pour les vertébrés domestiques entre le roumain et le français." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030003/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to prepare a French-Romanian / Romanian-French dictionary of veterinary medicine. In order to achieve this purpose, a first step was to study the methods used over time by the masters of the language. Our work methods have been offered by our more experienced colleagues and the ISO terminology norms. Thus, our research consisted in an essay to modeling the terminology work, on the way to find the best methods. In a second step, we established a research corpus, based on the methods of corpus linguistics. We have assembled a corpus of 2193 veterinary theses from 11 years (1998-2008) of the four French veterinary schools - VeThèses, on the theme of domestic vertebrates, theses available in digitized format. The term extraction step includes an essay to systematize the terms. The results of this work on the corpus formed a nomenclature and the VeTerm database. We plan to continue the researches in the direction of creating an ontology of the veterinary field, in order to create a dictionary of veterinary medicine that covers this field as best possible
Picton, Aurélie. "Diachronie en langue de spécialité. Définition d'une méthode linguistique outillée pour repérer l'évolution des connaissances en corpus. Un exemple appliqué au domaine spatial." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429061.
Full textAlbeiriss, Baian. "Etude terminologique de la chimie en arabe dans une approche de fouille de textes." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2057/document.
Full textDespite the importance of an international nomenclature, the field of chemistry still suffers from some linguistic problems, linked in particular to its simple and complex terminological units, which can hinder scientific communication. Arabic is no exception, especially since its agglutinating spelling and, in general, not vowelized, may lead to enormous ambiguity's problems. This is in addition to the recurring use of borrowings. The problematic is how to represent the simple and complex terminological units of this specialized language. In other words, formalize the terminological characteristics by studying the mechanisms of themorphosyntactic construction of the chemistry' terms in Arabic. This study should lead to the establishment of a semantic-disambiguation tool that aims to create a tool for extracting the terms of Arabic chemistry and their relationships. A relevant search in Arabic cannot be done without an automated system of language processing; this automatic processing of corpuswritten in Arabic cannot be done without a language analysis; this linguistic analysis, more exactly, this terminology study, is the basis to build the rules of an identification grammar in order to identify the chemistry's terms in Arabic. The construction of this identification grammar requires modelling of morphosyntactic patterns from their observation in corpus and leads to the definition of rules of grammar and constraints
Schneider, Coralie. "Identification de facteurs d'intégration quantitatifs et qualitatifs des néologismes à la langue spécialisée médicale: une analyse sur corpus diachronique entre 2007 et 2015." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669203.
Full textPiccato, Mariangela. "Création et exploitation d'un corpus trilingue du tourisme (italien/français/anglais) en vue de la réalisation d'une base de données lexicale informatisée." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20051.
Full textOur study concerns the language of tourism from a lexicographical perspective.Exploiting the web we realized a corpus ad hoc. This corpus is composed by about 10.000 texts in three languages (French, Italian and English), aligned using “Alinea”.Starting from terminological extraction, we analysed some collocations at the aim to create a trilingual and tri-directional glossary.We chose this subject according to the increasing importance taken from tourism economy in the world.Our study fields are thematic terminology, corpus linguistics and automatic language treatment.The first chapter presents the study field of our research. First of all, we introduced to corpus linguistics presenting the different categories of corpus and pointing out our attention on two main notions: representativeness and context.Therefore, we explained the link between Language for Special Purposes and tourism discourse as a Specialized Discourse.In the second chapter, we showed the trilingual thematic corpus we created during our researches. We described the main steps to create a corpus: collection of texts, cleaning and annotation.In this chapter, we gave a particular attention to the presentation of “Alinea”.Finally, the third chapter is a study of frequent collocations with the term “town” (ville).The annexes present the glossary as well as the methodological principals we followed in the redaction
Chiao, Yun-Chuang. "Extraction lexicale bilingue à partir de textes médicaux comparables : application à la recherche d'information translangue." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007704.
Full textFréjaville, Rosa Maria. "Etude terminologique du discours spécialisé de la pollution : vers la structuration d'un modèle de dictionnaire terminologique bilingue français-portugais." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/ferreiraqueiros_rm.
Full textGuillou, Philippe. "Constitution et étude d'un lexique spécialisé bilingue français-espagnol de l'élevage des mollusques bivalves." Brest, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BRES1001.
Full textThe lexicographical reflection has been focused on four essential points : the definition of the general frame, the presentation of the breeding of bivalved molluscs in france and in spain, the constitution of the lexicon and the inherent problems, and, finally the study of the lexicon in its most remarkables aspects. The first stage in this work consists in recording the breeding denominations of in the two languages and in organizing them in a coherent way. The objective is to find out their links with the archilexemes, i. E "aquaculture" for french and "piscicultura" for spanish. The structural and semic analisis of fedinitions then proves most important for the constitution of the lexicon. A short presentation of the general frame reminds us of the link between the language and soil. Besides, tables several remind us of the importance of the acquacultural sector in france and spain. The retourn to the lexicon occurs through a series of questions about the denominations of form and content, through practical considerations on the determination of objectives, the realization of a corpus, the organization of the work and its description. The fourth parte begins with some normative remarks and continues with considerations on the etymologiy and the morphology of the units
Vicente-Garcia, Christian. "Développement d'une lexicologie orientée vers la traduction spécialisée : traitement de la langue spécialisée du commerce électronique en français et en espagnol." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2011.
Full textThe aim of this doctoral thesis is to present a systematic approach to Lexicology oriented towards the needs of translators and student translators (LST) as well as its use within the particular domain of the special language of electronic commerce in Spanish and French. This work proposes to contribute towards the articulation of an overarching formal theory concerning Terminology's approach towards translation issues. In addition, it seeks to explore the foundational elements of such a theory, and to offer reflections from a global linguistic perspective on specialised languages and their translation. We shall define and consider an array of translation problems that have frequently been overlooked by established terminological and lexicological theories, and following we shall endeavour to formulate a theoretical solution to these issues. The method is then applied to create a database of the special language of electronic commerce and a sample of fifty translation cards
Boughedaoui, Mourad. "Anglais spécialisé de l'informatique : contribution à l'étude de la complexification des noms composés par chaînage." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2A001.
Full textThis work presents a study of the complexification process of string compound nouns (SCNS) through different registers of a corpus of computer science written texts. This process is characterized by the existence of various overlapping levels of the component parts within SCNS. In this study, these levels are identified using a formal segmentation based essentially on the location of collocational sequences in the linguistic environment of SCNS. This approach made it possible to highlight the active role of collocations in the binary structuring of SCNS as well as in the formation of compound adjectives. In order to establish any inter-relationship between the complexification phenomenon and the four registers studied, a statistical analysis of the frequencies and complexities of SCNS has been carried out. An SCN typology has been drawn up so as to put forward the complex relationship resulting from the multiple potential combinations of the various syntactic categories featuring in SCNS. The last section lays special emphasis on the pedagogic implications
Arkhipova, Anna. "Formes du figement dans les terminologies juridiques française et russe : étude comparée." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENL030.
Full textGeneral outline of the thesis: The forms of the unchanging nature of the French and Russian terminology. A comparative study.This research aims at describing the setting up of specialized collocations with a contrastive perspective t, within the French and Russian specialized legal language.The aim of this research deals with the modelling of the syntagmatic links regarding the terms of the specialized legal language. We have drawn our inspiration from the ideas of the semantics of the framework, in particular, of the Filmorian frame that structures our study. The analysis unit is a collocation of the specialized legal language, which is called specialized lexical combination.The onomasiological approach sets the problem of the study of the conceptual systems concerning the SLC. The semasiological approach deals with the modelling of the SLC at language level. Thus, the two suggested approaches, the onomasiological and the semasiological ones, both answer the needs of the setting up of the two fields: the notional as well as the semantic ones that, in turn, lay the foundation of the interlinguistic typology. We use a comparative approach to be able to find some kind of parallelism within the process of creation and stabilisation of the two specialized languages: French and Russian. While making a comparison between the two specialized languages, we can analyse the difference of linguistic creativity in order to be able to infer the common principles that govern the formation of the SLC. The method of translation, even if it points out the properties outside the system of the concrete specialized language, either French or Russian, does answer the needs of the lexico-semantic modelling of their perspective means of combination.Key words : jurdical terminology, frame, collocation, specialized lexical combination, onomasiological approach, semasiological approach, conceptual systems, comparative approach, translation
Korenchuk, Yuliya. "Méthode d'enrichissement et d'élargissement d'une ontologie à partir de corpus de spécialité multilingues." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC014/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a method of enrichment and population of an ontology, a structure of concepts linked by semantic relations, by terms in French, English and German from comparable domain-specific corpora. Our main contribution is the development of extraction methods based on endogenous resources, learned from the corpus and the ontology being analyzed. Using caracter n-grams, these resources are available and independent of a particular language or domain. The first contribution concerns the use of endogenous morphological and morphosyntactic resources for mono- and polylexical terms extraction from the corpus. The second contribution aims to use endogenous resources to identify translations for these terms. The third contribution concerns the construction of endogenous morphological families designed to enrich and populate the ontology
Nakao, Yukie. "Analyse contrastive français-japonais du discours en langue de spécialité - modalité et définition phrastique." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920630.
Full textManikcaros, Frédéric. "Prédicats et arguments dans la terminologie militaire française au XXI° siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD009/document.
Full textWithin the framework of this study, we propose to analyse military language and particularlythat of the army. In part One, we deal with terminology, technical military language inrelation to everyday language as well as a survey of Defense-related specialized dictionariesand glossaries. In part Two, we take our cue from G. GROSS’s concept of object classes,which remains the best way of approaching military language specifically action-orientednominal predicates’syntactical properties, and support and appropriate verbs. We drew ourexamples from military action during fieldwork, both home and abroad, and upon the returnhome. Making use of these three phases, we outline syntactical and semantic propertiesspecific to each class of predicates. Part Three is devoted to arguments of three types : human,inanimate and locative ; it follows logically upon our analysis of object classes. Thisdissertation will help us carry out a contrastive analysis with another language as well as thecreation of a bilingual dictionary
Labrecque, Geneviève. "La présence des avis de recommandation et de normalisation de la Commission de terminologie de l'Office de la langue française dans un corpus de langue générale et spécialisée." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2262.
Full textOtieno, Gladys. "L’enseignement du français de l’hôtellerie et du tourisme dans les universités publiques kenyanes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA141/document.
Full textThis study focuses on the larger sphere of non-general French and more precisely on French for specific purposes targeting the hospitality and tourism sector. Its objective is to show to what extent the French for hospitality and tourism courses offered in Kenyan public universities meet the needs of learners. The study takes a learner centred systemic approach. Quantitative and qualitative data-collection methods were used. An analysis of learners’ needs was conducted with the learners. The views of different actors, namely, teachers and industry professionals were also sought. The results indicate the existence of needs in all parameters studied. These needs were mainly general in nature rather than specific to the area of specialisation. Similarities and differences were also noted in the views of the various actors. As far as the teachers are concerned, these differences pertained to the magnitude of needs noted while for the professionals, they had to do with the variety of needs identified. This study shows us that needs analysis remains a valid exercise in French for specific purposes and that such an exercise should ideally be centred on the learner
Caldas, Sandra de. "Emprunts lexicaux et interférences terminologiques dans des écrits spécialisés dans les sciences humaines : la langue de l’enseignement en situation officielle, en français et en portugais." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083944.
Full textThis research is a theoretical, analytical and comparative approach of the neological phenomenon of lexical importation from the perspective of comparative linguistics. The main issue is to understand how this phenomenon takes place in a specialized language in the humanities. The study of lexical borrowing was conducted by a corpus consisting of formal curricula of the first and second degree in France and in Portugal. First and foremost, we present the phenomenon of borrowing and linguistic interferences from a theoretical point of view. Thus, in the first part, we review the theoretical aspects related to the enrichment of languages and lexical creativity. In the second part, we discuss the principles and methods of specialized languages to give an overview of the field of education in both countries. Finally, the third section is devoted entirely to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the borrowing and terminological interferences of the two languages at hand. Firstly, we propose a typology of borrowing based on six levels of classification. We then show this borrowing through a morphological, semantic and dictionaric point of view. We end this analytic section with a comparative discussion that allows us to make observations from a linguistic as well as educational point of view. In conclusion, our study helps to highlight the differences and similarities in the treatment and adaptation of borrowing in French and Portuguese, and also brings to light the problem of dictionarisation of these imported units
Adam, Hamid Abdel Rahman. "Les achoppements de traductions, leurs composantes linguistiques, dans la phraséologie économique et commerciale." Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO31010.
Full textPart one is a plea for an eclectic approach to languages for special purposes. Drawing mainly on the canadian-quebec terminological school. The theoretical framework allows some of the linguistic features characteristic of english. French, and arabic pertinent for this research to be descripted. Next the termininological formation processes giving rise to rranslation problems are analysed. A vocabulary of french commercial and economic terms and its translation into english and arabic is used to study differences between technical terms in the three languages. The relative proximity of the french and english terms is contrasted with the often marked differences in arabic, which often resorts to creation of a new term. Some concepts are expressed directly in arabic, but many are expressed by generic words, polysemic terms, or complex lexical items. All the translation difficulties are noted, commented, and indexed. The conclusion shows that a linguistic approach enables the translator or teminologist to take into account the semantic and formal processes involved in terminological innovation, and the linguistic processes involved in translation, thereby avoiding many of the translation problems encoutered in languages for special purposes
Shao, Wei. "La créativité en traduction spécialisée." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030074.
Full textThe present thesis tends to prove the existence of creativity in specialized translation, as well as in the case of literary translation. Technical and scientific translation, which represents varies of specialized translation, is above all a cognitive work. Translator has to integrate not only linguistic knowledge but also specialized one into operation in order to understand and re-express. Maintain the same message when the cultural and linguistic context change means creation of transfer conditions in favor of meanings, function of discourse but not linguistic structure
Frost, Dan. "The stress site : l'accent lexical, l'anglais de spécialité et l'oral : la conception d'un outil d'apprentissage médiatisé." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21552.
Full textThis PhD thesis recounts an action research project conducted with students of English for specific purposes in the context of computer-mediated learning. Based on the fact that the learners in question often find understanding spoken English difficult, we decided to concentrate our efforts on word stress, a particularly problematic area for French speakers. Our main hypothesis is that a short but thorough exploration of word stress in a multimedia environment can bring about an improvement in the perception of word stress. Our secondary hypothesis is that the development of skills in this area will help with the understanding of spoken English. We review research in phonetics, phonology and second language acquisition to better understand English word stress and why it presents such difficulties for French learners of English. We also examine the relationship between teaching theory and teaching practice in the light of the development of the use of computers in language teaching. The "action" part of this study consists in the conception of a multimedia learning path and in its realisation by subjects from the target population. The conception process draws upon principles in ergonomics and on the results of a survey we carried out on the motivation of the subjects in the relevant areas. We adopt a quantitative and a qualitative approach both in the survey of the subjects' motivation and in the realisation of the learning path
Chateau, Anne. "Anglais de spécialité : la communication orale à objectifs spécifiques : une approche expérimentale du guidage." La Rochelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LAROF008.
Full textThis action research project aimed to improve oral expression for specific purposes of young researchers from Henri Poincaré University in Nancy. The objective was thus to answer both many young French scientists' needs and a local demand. Consulting various domains, in order to understand the specificity of oral scientific discourse and the numerous elements influencing language learning, was thus necessary to build the theoretical framework that helped to design a coherent pedagogical curriculum. Furthermore, the implementation of a guidance system to help students continue working on their own, emphasized one of the main characteristics of didactic action: the necessary adaptation of theories to any context and its practical demands in order to get social recognition
Lefeuvre, Luce. "Analyse des marqueurs de relations conceptuelles en corpus spécialisé : recensement, évaluation et caractérisation en fonction du domaine et du genre textuel." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20051.
Full textThe use of markers of conceptual relation for building terminological resources has been frequently emphasized. Those markers are used in corpora to detect “Term1 – marker – Term2” triple, which are then interpreted as “Term1 - Conceptual Relation – Term2” triple allowing to represent knowledge as a relational system model. The transition from one triple to another questions the stability of this link, regardless of corpora. In this thesis, we study the variation of the “candidate-markers” of relation taking into account the domain and the text genre. To this end, we identified the French markers for the hyperonym, the meronym and the causal relation, and systematically analyzed their functioning within corpora varying according to the domain (breast cancer vs. volcanology) and the text genre (popular science vs. specialized texts). For each context containing a candidate-marker, we evaluated the capacity of the candidate-marker to really indicate the required relation. Our researches attest to the relevance of taking into account the domain and the text genre when describing the functioning of conceptual relation markers
Baraké, Rima. "La terminologie de la spatiologie : étude diachronique et descriptive de l'évolution d'un domaine et de sa structuration conceptuelle dans les trois langues français, anglais et arabe." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030160.
Full textIn the early 80s, new terminological trends and theories emerged, along with new analysis methods. These new approaches opposed, completed, intersected with and combined with other disciplines outside the world of terminology, and thus created a new viewpoint of terminology and gave birth to new research leads among which a large number remains un- or very rarely exploited. I intend, throughout my thesis, to develop a few of these newborn ideas, by applying them to the space science terminology. By beginning with a ‘classical’ analysis of space science terminology – concept analysis and their relations, term analysis, elaboration of field trees, etc -, I paved the way towards a more advanced analysis that takes into consideration the concept ‘dimension’ and studies the repercussions of this ‘dimension’ notion of the fundamental elements of terminology, to move later on to knowledge evolution and diachronic terminology. Science progress and knowledge evolution also implicate the appearance of new concepts that demand the creation of terms in order to appoint them. After having given a fair idea of the terminological crisis the Arabic language is going through, I presented various terminological works of the Arab world, highlighting the creation of new terms and their modes of creation, and I finally elaborated a model of a trilingual terminological in the domain of space science
Liczner, Aleksandra. "Une contribution à l'amélioration des ressources terminographiques : étude terminologique fondée sur un corpus de textes de spécialité du domaine du droit de l'internet." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2089/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to propose a holistic description of terminological units in the field of Internet law, based on a hybrid model that reflectis both the linguistic and the conceptual dimension of terms. To be more precise, this model aims to point out the lexical-semantic relationships and conceptual links that those terms maintain with other terminological and lexical units belonging to the Internet law vocabulary, by studying their behavior in the discursive universe. The project (which we call DITerm) is part of a descriptive approach whose ambition is to explain observed usage in the specialized language at hand. The model was created using acorpus made up of legal texts which totals about 5 000,000 words. The model will be used as the basis for the conception of a specialized encoding dictionary. This dictionary is intended for translators with French language as their working language. The term, as it is viewed in this study, is a multi-dimensional unity which should be considered from many angles. Its description is hence based on the analysis of its lexical, conceptual and contextual relationships which is widely inspired by lexicographical models. Thetheoretical background of the DITerm project is Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology, the lexicological component of Meaning-Text Theory (Mel’čuk et al. 1995). We also draw inspiration from the frame theory and its different applications (Minsky’s Frame System Theory,Fillmore’s Frame Semantics). The methodology adopted in this project fits into the framework of corpus linguistics (Sinclair).The DITerm model proposes to describe each term as the center of a constellation around which several coordinated terms gravitate, creating what Cornu (2002) calls operational families. In order to model the relationships the term shares with the units which tend to appear in its contextual universe, we rely on several explicit formulas based on a broadly comprehensible metalanguage. This formalism, which is based on paraphrase, correlates partly with the popularization of the lexical functions. On the other hand, it has the advantage of adapting to the representation of conceptual links. In addition, the description is enriched by the implementation of an annotation model of the contexts in which the terms occur, which makes it possible to account for indirect links that are maintained by terms. This annotation model is an application of the FrameNet methodology
Amhis, Amina. "Traductologie et terminologie : problématique des transferts culturels en traduction entre les langues française et arabe." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA022.
Full textThe debate over the translation was structured around the notion of untranslatability or practical impossibility of translation. This thesis relates to the transfer of cultural elements in legal translation. The aim was to show the practical possibility of translation despite the cultural distance between two languages and cultures. Should it be stressed that within the framework of the current study, we tackled the question under an angle properly civilisationnel carried primarily about the cultural aspects which the Algerian family Code recovers, we limited ourselves to the cultures Algerian and French. This thesis focuses on the concept of equivalence which constitutes a central concept in any operation of translation