Journal articles on the topic 'Language planning Australia'
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Eggington, William. "Language Policy and Planning in Australia." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (March 1994): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002865.
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Australian federal and state government language policy and planning efforts have had a remarkable effect on Australian educational and non-educational life during the past twenty years. This effort has resulted in strong international recognition of the Australian language policy experience. For example, Romaine, in the introduction to her anthology focusing on the languages of Australia states that “the movement to set up a national language policy is so far unprecedented in the major Anglophone countries” (Romaine 1991:8).
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Pauwels, Anne. "Language planning, language reform and the sexes in Australia." Language and Gender in the Australian Context 10 (January 1, 1993): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.10.02pau.
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Abstract This paper deals with the phenomena of linguistic sexism and non-sexist language reform (feminist language planning) in the Australian context. It surveys Australian work on linguistic sexism and discusses various aspects of non-sexist language reform in Australia. Particular emphasis is placed on problematic issues relating to feminist language planning, i.e. the selection and evaluation of non-sexist alternatives and the implementation mechanisms for this type of reform. Linguistic change resulting from the reform initiatives and its spread throughout the community is also described briefly.
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Oliver, Rhonda, Honglin Chen, and Stephen Moore. "Review of selected research in applied linguistics published in Australia (2008–2014)." Language Teaching 49, no. 4 (September 23, 2016): 513–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444816000148.
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This article reviews the significant and diverse range of research in applied linguistics published in Australia in the period 2008–2014. Whilst acknowledging that a great deal of research by Australian scholars has been published internationally during these seven years, this review is based on books, journal articles, and conference proceedings published in Australia. Many of these sources will be unfamiliar to an international audience, and the purpose of this article is to highlight this body of research and the themes emerging from it. The journals selected in this review includeAustralian Journal of Language and Literacy, Australian Review of Applied Linguistics (ARAL), BABEL, English in Australia, English Australia, Papers in Language Testing and Assessment, Prospect: An Australian Journal of TESOL, TESOL in Context, andUniversity of Sydney Papers in TESOL. Selected refereed proceedings are from key national conferences including: ALAA (Applied Linguistics Association of Australia), ACTA (Australian Council of TESOL Association), ASFLA (Australian Systemic Functional Linguistics Association), and ALS (Australian Linguistics Society). Our review of selected applied linguistics work revolves around the following themes: the responses to the needs of government planning and policy; the complexity of Australia's multicultural, multilingual society; the concern for recognizing context and culture as key factors in language and language learning; social activism in supporting language pedagogy and literacy programmes at all levels of education; and acknowledgement of the unique place held by Indigenous languages and Aboriginal English in the national linguistic landscape.
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Hodges, Flavia. "Language Planning and Placenaming in Australia." Current Issues in Language Planning 8, no. 3 (November 2007): 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/cilp120.0.
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Troy, Jakelin, and Michael Walsh. "Terminology Planning in Aboriginal Australia." Current Issues in Language Planning 5, no. 2 (May 15, 2004): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500408668255.
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Hatoss, Anikó. "Language, faith and identity." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 94–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.35.1.05hat.
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While most language-planning and policy (LPP) studies have focussed on language decisions made by government bodies, in recent years there has been an increased interest in micro-level language planning in immigrant contexts. Few studies, however, have used this framework to retrospectively examine the planning decisions of religious institutions, such as “ethnic” churches. This paper explores the language decisions made by the Lutheran church in Australia between 1838 and 1921. The study is based on archival research carried out in the Lutheran Archives in Adelaide, South Australia. The paper draws attention to the complex interrelationships between language, religion and identity in an immigrant context.
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Hill, Peter. "Teaching Slavonic languages in Australia." Volume 3 3 (January 1, 1986): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.3.08hil.
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The absence of suitable materials for use in beginners’ courses in Macedonian for Australian undergraduates has led to the production of an Australia-based audio-visual course. The development of this course has involved decisions that fall within the area of language planning. Macedonians in Australia are not normally very conversant with the Macedonian standard or “literary” language (MSL), which is, in any case, not very highly standardized. It still shows considerable variation in lexicon and syntax. The MSL was chosen as the basis for the course, despite initial consideration being given to the idea that some form of dialectal language might be taught. The MSL Provides a neutral idiom that can serve people of different dialectal backgrounds. However, forms that are not likely to be accepted or even understood by large sections of the Macedonian communities in Australia are avoided. Colloquial, obsolescent and dialectal lexical items are included if they rate positively by this criterion.
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Hlavac, Jim, Adolfo Gentile, Marc Orlando, Emiliano Zucchi, and Ari Pappas. "Translation as a sub-set of public and social policy and a consequence of multiculturalism: the provision of translation and interpreting services in Australia." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018, no. 251 (April 25, 2018): 55–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0004.
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AbstractTranslation can be an overt feature of public policy, typically in situations where there are status planning regulations that prescribe the use of two or more languages that then enable the development of translation infrastructure. In New World countries, one language, usually that of a former colonial power, is thede jureorde factoofficial language and seldom does translation feature as a national policy in its own right. Accounts for the provision of translation in a country such as Australia are to be found elsewhere. This article adopts a “looking sideways” approach to account for the provision of translation in a range of settings – healthcare, welfare, court/police, etc. In these areas, and since the introduction ofmulticulturalismin the mid-1970s, linguistic diversity of the Australian populace has been a component of policy formulation and the provision of translation has become a means for policy to be implemented. A national policy on languages that expressly includes translation does exist in Australia. However, it is the cross-portfolio convention of addressing language barriers in the provision of government services and beyond that accounts for translation. It is here conceptualized not so much as a cultural-linguistic value, but as a means for service delivery.
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Nunan, David. "FROM LANGUAGE POLICY TO LANGUAGE PLANNING: AN OVERVIEW OF LANGUAGES OTHER THAN ENGLISH IN AUSTRALIA. Paulin G. Djité. Deakin, Australia: National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia, 1994. Pp. ii + 170. $28.00 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 17, no. 4 (December 1995): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100014546.
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Šeškauskienė, Inesa, and Meilutė Ramonienė. "Introduction." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 4 (March 4, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17465.
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This special issue of the journal Taikomoji kalbotyra/Applied Linguistics includes papers written on the basis of the presentations given at the International Applied Linguistics Conference Languages and People: Space, Time, Identity held in Vilnius University October 3-4, 2013. The Conference was organized by the Department of Lithuanian Studies of Vilnius University and the Lithuanian Association of Applied Linguistics (LITAKA). The total number of the Conference participants amounted to 60; they came from 12 countries: Australia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Hong Kong, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States of America. The plenary speakers of the Conference, world-known linguists Antonella Sorace (UK), Joseph Lo Bianco (Australia) and Mark Davies (USA), gave very impressive presentations on bilingualism and language acquisition, language planning and policy, language corpora as a powerful tool in language learning and teaching.
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Hatoss, Anikó. "Community-Level Approaches in Language Planning: The Case of Hungarian in Australia." Current Issues in Language Planning 7, no. 2-3 (May 15, 2006): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/cilp099.0.
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Baldauf, Richard B. "Issues of Prestige and Image in Language-in-Education Planning in Australia." Current Issues in Language Planning 5, no. 4 (November 15, 2004): 376–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14664200408668264.
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Scarino, Angela. "A rationale for acknowledging the diversity of learner achievements in learning particular languages in school education in Australia." Describing School Achievement in Asian Languages for Diverse Learner Groups 35, no. 3 (January 1, 2012): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.35.3.01sca.
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In school languages education in Australia at present there is an increasing diversity of languages and learners learning particular languages that results from a greater global movement of students. This diversity builds on a long-established profile of diversity that reflects the migration history of Australia. It stands in sharp contrast to the force of standardisation in education in general and in the history of the development of state and national frameworks for the learning of languages K-12 in Australia and indeed beyond. These frameworks have characteristically generalised across diverse languages, diverse learner groups and diverse program conditions, in particular, the amount of time made available for language learning. In addition, in the absence of empirical studies of learner achievements in learning particular languages over time, the development of such frameworks has drawn primarily on internationally available language proficiency descriptions [such as the American Council for the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), the International Second Language Proficiency Rating Scale (ISLPR), and more recently the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)] that were developed primarily to serve reporting and credentialing rather than learning purposes. Drawing on a description of the current context of linguistic and cultural diversity and on a brief characterisation of the history of curriculum and assessment framework development for the languages area, I provide a rationale for acknowledging in the development and use of frameworks (i.e. descriptions of achievements) the diversity of languages that comprise the languages learning area in Australia and, in particular, the diverse learner groups who come to their learning with diverse experiences of learning and using particular languages. The Student Achievement in Asian Languages Education (SAALE) study provides an example of the development of descriptions of achievement that are sensitive to these dimensions of context. I discuss the rationale for such context-sensitive descriptions in relation to their potential purposes and uses at the language policy and planning and educational systems level, at the teaching and learning level, and in ongoing research.
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Burton, Jill. "Current Developments in Language Curriculum Design: An Australian Perspective." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 18 (March 1998): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003597.
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The past decade in language curriculum in Australia has been a time of exploration and innovation, and also a time of consolidation. During this period, curriculum planning reflected, first, a swing within the teaching profession to greater teacher responsibility in curriculum (a responsive curriculum), then a swing back to teacher accountability (an explicit curriculum) due to demands external to the teaching profession. In addition, language curriculum in Australia was strongly influenced by communicative language teaching theory (CLT) and the related developments of task-based learning (TBL), needs-based programming, and language as discourse theory.
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Stevens, Christine. "Balancing Obligations and Self-Interest: Humanitarian Program Settlers in the Australian Labor Market." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 6, no. 2 (June 1997): 185–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689700600203.
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Technological and structural changes in the Australian economy have led to a decline in unskilled and semi-skilled employment and this has had a marked effect on labor market opportunities for immigrants. Educational qualifications and English language skills have become increasingly important factors influencing labor market success. With absorptive capacity for the overall immigration program defined more in economic terms, changes have been made to the selection criteria for immigrants. Greater priority is currently given to those with skills and English language proficiency. No such emphasis has been given to the selection criteria for settlers admitted under Australia's humanitarian program. This paper reviews the labor market experience of humanitarian program arrivals and considers the policy implications of high levels of unemployment among this group. It is suggested that humanitarian obligations do not end with entry to Australia, and it is in the interests of the receiving society and humanitarian program arrivals for greater public investment in skills development to help improve labor market outcomes among this group.
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Jolly, Lesley. "Waving a Tattered Banner? Aboriginal Language Revitalisation." Aboriginal Child at School 23, no. 3 (September 1995): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200004880.
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This paper examines the philosophy and practice of programs that aim to maintain, renew, or revive Aboriginal languages in Australia. I focus here on languages, mainly those of urban and rural rather than remote areas, for which there are few if any fluent speakers left. I will refer to them as dead or dying languages although I am aware that in the Aboriginal tradition people consider themselves to own languages that neither they themselves nor their dose kin speak, and that this ownership is very much a part of a living culture. I begin by reviewing some basic issues that arise in planning language programs for such languages. The final section considers some of the factors affecting the success of such programs.
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Vacca, Alessia. "Australia and Catalonia: a comparative study on the protection of minority languages from a legal standpoint. Education in the mother tongue. Is the language a factor of integration or a barrier?" Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri. Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics 2, no. 1 (June 17, 2011): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2011.2.1.22.
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This article is a comparative study of the education system in minority languages between Catalonia and Australia from a legal standpoint. Catalonia has a complex legislation: National Constitution, Statute of Autonomy, Regional Laws, a strong legal framework, a language always alive as a political instrumentto get the power. Australia has not a legal framework in this area and has a confused planning system. In Europe, the Council of Europe has been in charge of the protection of human rights.Australia signed and ratified some International Conventions which are not a strong legal basis to claim an education system in aborigines’ languages. The Catalan Law on Linguistic Normalizationn. 7 of 1983, replaced by the Law on Linguistic Policy n. 1 of1998, has, among the other purposes, also that to stimulate the use of Catalan as language of education in all levels of teaching.The school has a fundamental importance for the transmission of the culture of minorities. If the educational systems didn’t have any regime of teaching in the mother tongue all policies are not efficient.
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Winter, Joanne, and Anne Pauwels. "Mapping trajectories of change – women’s and men’s practices and experiences of feminist linguistic reform in Australia." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.26.1.03win.
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In this paper we address the issue of the evaluation of feminist language planning in Australia. Through case studies of some self-identified linguistic reformers and non-sexist language users we present a ‘trajectory’ framework for the exploration of evaluation as part of the language planning cycle. We map the users’ trajectories of change through documenting their ‘first contact’ with gender bias in language (an initiating trajectory), their responses, practices and actions in relation to this (a trajectory of practice) and their perceived roles in bringing about, facilitating and spreading change (a trajectory of agency). This documentation reveals narratives of resistance and empowerment through engagement with change in the context of dominant discourses but sometimes also of powerlessness and oppression through rejection and opposition. The outcomes of this analysis suggest multiple and complex interpretations and iterations of feminist linguistic reform evidenced through the mapping of trajectories.
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Sinclair, Craig, Marcus Sellars, Kimberly Buck, Karen M. Detering, Ben P. White, and Linda Nolte. "Association Between Region of Birth and Advance Care Planning Documentation Among Older Australian Migrant Communities: A Multicenter Audit Study." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 76, no. 1 (August 17, 2020): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa127.
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Abstract Objectives This study explored associations between birth region, sociodemographic predictors, and advance care planning (ACP) uptake. Methods A prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional audit study of 100 sites across 8 Australian jurisdictions. ACP documentation was audited in the health records of people aged 65 years or older accessing general practice (GP), hospital, and long-term care facility (LTCF) settings. Advance care directives (ACDs) completed by the person (“person completed ACDs”) and ACP documents completed by a health professional or other person (“health professional or someone else ACP”) were counted. Hierarchical multilevel logistic regression assessed associations with birth region. Results From 4,187 audited records, 30.0% (1,152/3,839) were born outside Australia. “Person completed ACDs” were less common among those born outside Australia (21.9% vs 28.9%, X2 (1, N = 3,840) = 20.3, p < .001), while “health professional or someone else ACP” was more common among those born outside Australia (46.4% vs 34.8%, X2 (1, N = 3,840) = 45.5, p < .001). Strongest associations were found for those born in Southern Europe: “person completed ACD” (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.36–0.88), and “health professional or someone else ACP” (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01–1.98). English-language proficiency and increased age significantly predicted both ACP outcomes. Discussion Region of birth is associated with the rate and type of ACP uptake for some older Australians. Approaches to ACP should facilitate access to interpreters and be sensitive to diverse preferences for individual and family involvement in ACP.
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Díaz, Adriana R., Hugo Hortiguera, and Marcia Espinoza Vera. "Quality Assurance and Foreign Languages - Reflecting on oral assessment practices in two University Spanish Language Programs in Australia." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 12, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.12.3.2.
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In the era of quality assurance (QA), close scrutiny of assessment practices has been intensified worldwide across the board. However, in the Australian context, trends in QA efforts have not reached the field of modern/foreign languages. This has largely resulted in leaving the establishment of language proficiency benchmarking up to individual institutions and programs of study. This paper discusses the findings of a cross-institutional collaborative research project focused on the comparative analysis and review of assessment practices in the Spanish language majors at the University of Queensland (UQ) and Griffith University (GU), both members of the Brisbane Universities Languages Alliance (BULA). The project had a two-pronged focus; on the one hand, establishing comparable student academic achievement standards, specifically for oral assessment in intermediate level courses; and, on the other hand, providing tools and resources to train teachers (continuing and sessional staff) in consensus moderation (CM) practices through an online platform. The results presented here offer practical pedagogical suggestions to support planning and review of oral assessment, thus contributing to QA management in languages other than English.
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Russo, Cos, and Richard B. Baldauf. "Language development without planning: A case study of tribal aborigines in the northern territory, Australia." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 7, no. 4 (January 1986): 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1986.9994246.
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Khoo, Siew-Ean, Kee Pookong, Trevor Dang, and Jing Shu. "Asian Immigrant Settlement and Adjustment in Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 339–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300205.
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Asians have been the fastest growing overseas-born population inAustralia, more than doubling from 1981 to 1991. Based on the 1991 Census, this article broadly examines economic and social characteristics of the Asian-born population in Australia. Economic factors such as labor force participation, unemployment, occupation, income and housing reveal a great diversity in the settlement experience of the Asian-born, attributable to the diversity of backgrounds. The speed and success of adjustment by refugees and migrants from business, skill and family migrant streams are assisted by such social factors as English language proficiency.
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Osmond, Jennifer, and Clare Tilbury. "Permanency Planning Concepts." Children Australia 37, no. 3 (August 9, 2012): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.28.
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Permanency, stability and continuity are essential components of quality out-of-home care. Permanency planning is a case planning process designed to promote stability and long-term connections for children subject to child protection intervention. This paper outlines findings from a small qualitative study that explored perceptions of permanency planning held by child protection practitioners, carers, and the parents of children in care in Queensland, Australia. Findings show that each group emphasised different aspects of permanency. Practitioners tended to focus on placement arrangements, carers focused on relationships and security, and parents were concerned about the quality of care their children received. Everyone involved in permanency decisions – whether children and young people, parents, carers or child protection practitioners – has ideas, theories and knowledge that they draw upon in expressing their views. Understanding these perspectives is useful for the decision-making process, as each stakeholder communicates with others about what they think is most important for the child. Implications for child protection practice include having a clear practice language and approach to permanency planning, exploring the unique areas of importance to different stakeholders on permanency planning, and ensuring quality participatory practice.
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Biddle, Nicholas, and Hannah Swee. "The Relationship between Wellbeing and Indigenous Land, Language and Culture in Australia." Australian Geographer 43, no. 3 (September 2012): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2012.706201.
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Hillier, Jean, and Michael Gunder. "Not over Your Dead Bodies! A Lacanian Interpretation of Urban Planning Discourse and Practice." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, no. 6 (June 2005): 1049–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a37152.
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This paper examines aspects of Lacanian critical social theory in terms of its appropriateness for understanding urban planning. We tell a story from planning practice in Western Australia which we then analyse by introducing Lacan's notion of the master signifier and the sets of knowledges, values and practices which master signifiers embody. We then apply the Lacanian concepts of desire and jouissance, followed by an exploration of the Lacanian four discourses and the speech acts, or language games, of the planner and the ‘planned’. We conclude by estimating the potential value of Lacanian analysis for understanding planning praxis.
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Li, Jie. "Implications of Australia’s Bilingual Education of Aboriginal People." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0607.18.
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Australia, as a multicultural and multilingual country, has been highly appraised by international linguists and statesmen for its formulation and implementation of language policies. Over the past years, linguists, statesmen, educators and residents have been devoting themselves to the further improvement of language education policies and laws, and the implementation of bilingual education for Aboriginal people. They have gradually resolved language problems, and most importantly, preserved linguistic and cultural diversity. This has set a successful example for China to follow. Under such circumstance, the proposed research, based on sociolinguistic theories concerning language policy and language planning, makes implications, suggesting how our country should proceed from the actual situations to take more practical measures and formulate better policies.
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Bambacas, Mary, and Gavin B. Sanderson. "Instructional Preferences of Students in Transnational Chinese and English Language MBA Programs." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.8.1.2.
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This paper reports on Stage 1 of a learning and teaching project focused on students studying in the Chinese and English language delivery of transnational Master of Business Administration (MBA) programs of an Australian university. The programs are delivered using limited and intensive face-to-face teaching augmented by self-directed and web-based learning, and ongoing (mainly email) contact with lecturers before and after they have returned to Australia. The aim of this stage of the project is to provide a greater understanding of students’ instructional preferences so that, where appropriate, lecturers can better scaffold learning and teaching arrangements (Stage 2 of the project) to assist them to meet the learning objectives of the MBA program. Survey data was collected from students studying the MBA in Hong Kong and Singapore in English (EMBA), and in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan in Chinese (CMBA). Findings demonstrate that whilst students ranked teacher directed, face-to-face instructional delivery highly, they also indicated that an independent, web-based learning environment was their leastpreferred approach to learning. These findings put lecturers in a more informed position when it comes to them planning how to best assist students from Confucian-heritage backgrounds to work productively and successfully in their studies.
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King, S., S. K. Kenway, and M. A. Renouf. "How has urban water metabolism been communicated? Perspectives from the USA, Europe and Australia." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 9 (April 16, 2019): 1627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.139.
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Abstract Urban metabolism is increasingly being adopted to guide city planning towards improved water, energy and material efficiency. Stakeholder participation in the adoption of this concept will be important, and hence effective communication will be crucial. This study aimed to determine how urban metabolism has been communicated and interpreted, with attention to water. The approach included (i) literature review, (ii) structured international interviews and (iii) thematic analysis. We demonstrate how diverse language, metaphors, methods, visual imagery, data and information have been used to communicate this complex topic. Maps, Sankey diagrams, concept figures, spider diagrams, pictorial flow diagrams, art, and animation have all been used. We observe barriers to communication in order to understand the communication techniques which may be effective, and clarify issues relating to awareness and target audiences. We include a discussion of the themes that emerged from the research that are relevant for integrated water planning and the power of visual imagery. Inconsistent language is influenced by widely different overarching metaphors which range from ‘organism’ to ‘ecosystem’ metabolism. Fragmented data are a major gap for shared understanding. The research provides new understanding of how stakeholders perceive urban water metabolism and its relationship to Integrated urban water management.
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Law, Lisa, and Urbi Musso. "Towards a Tropical Urbanism for Cairns, Australia." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the tropics 19, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.19.2.2020.3774.
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This paper engages with debates about tropical cities and climate responsive design to consider the emergence of two local government master plans and one planning scheme provision explicitly addressing the tropical climate in Cairns, Australia. The undergirding concept of these initiatives is a terminology of Tropical Urbanism, a simultaneously environmental and social/cultural term that captures issues such as climate, lifestyle and identity in the constitution of the urban fabric. Through a detailed reading of the documents, combined with interviews with local architects and planners, this paper positions Tropical Urbanism as an environmentally aware version of New Urbanism and as a distinctive language of urban design emerging in the regional context of tropical Australia. Place-based initiatives such as these are important to improving the design outcomes and sustainability of regional cities, and we suggest Tropical Urbanism could be further reinforced by the social/cultural and political nuances of a more progressive Critical Regionalist approach.
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Bennett, John McLean, Alex McBratney, Damien Field, Darren Kidd, Uta Stockmann, Craig Liddicoat, and Samantha Grover. "Soil Security for Australia." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 21, 2019): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123416.
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Soil Security is an emerging sustainability science concept with global application for guiding integrated approaches to land management, while balancing ecosystem services, environmental, social, cultural, and economic imperatives. This discussion paper sets the scene for an Australian Soil Security framework as an example of how it might be developed for any country, defining the key issues and justification for Soil Security, as well as detailing implementation requirements and benefits; two examples of beneficial outcomes are provided in terms of facilitating decommoditization of agricultural products and the impact of urban encroachment on productive land. We highlight research gaps, where new knowledge will contribute to well-rounded approaches that reflect differing stakeholder perspectives. We also provide key nomenclature associated with a potential Soil Security framework so that future discussions may use a common language. Through this work we invite scientific and policy discourse with the aim of developing more informed responses to the myriad of competing demands placed on our soil systems.
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Da, Wei Wei. "Gender Relations in Recent Chinese Migration to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 12, no. 3 (September 2003): 361–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680301200305.
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The study frames its exploration of gender relations among recent migrants from the People's Republic of China to Australia from theory in two fields: migration studies and gender roles. Based on interviews of recent Chinese migrants to Australia, findings suggest that gender role performances are strategic and flexible. Women actively engage in international migration. The mobility of women is contingent on their education, occupation, language skill and networks. Neither do conventional migration models or gender role theories render clear explanations of the gender roles exhibited by women migrants in the sample. Rather, the impact of migration on gender relations is multifaceted, individualized and cultural. Women's expectations of men involved elements of tradition, modernity and some degree of ambivalence. The findings suggest the importance of considering the social context, culture and social class of migrants in the home country when discussing the gender relations of migrants in the process of settlement in the host country. The study calls for country/culture-specific approach and suggests a fresh way of studying gender relations among the Chinese in a globalizing era.
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MURPHY, KATE. "‘The modern idea is to bring the country into the city’: Australian Urban Reformers and the Ideal of Rurality, 1900–1918*." Rural History 20, no. 1 (April 2009): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793308002616.
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AbstractIn the early twentieth century, Australians strove to create a rural civilisation through state legislation to encourage rural closer settlement. The fantasy that Australia might one day support a rural population of perhaps hundreds of millions endured despite the overwhelmingly urbanised character of the nation and the harsh realities of its environment. This rural dream was present not merely in the discourse surrounding the rural settlement imperative, but also inflected the language and modes of urban reform, as planners sought to ‘ruralise’ the urban environment to reflect something distinctive about Australian life. Previous scholarship addressing the rural ideal in Australian history, as well as urban history, has failed to interrogate these links. This article illuminates the power and ideological reach of rurality in the Australian nation-building project and pushes the boundaries of ‘rural history’ by considering the ways in which reformers sought to extend a projected Australian ‘rural civilisation’ into the cities.
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Pearce, Tristan, Evelyn Rodríguez, David Fawcett, and James Ford. "How Is Australia Adapting to Climate Change Based on a Systematic Review?" Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 3280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093280.
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We develop and apply a systematic literature review methodology to identify and characterize the ways in which the peer-reviewed literature depicts how climate change adaptation is occurring in Australia. We reviewed the peer-reviewed, English-language literature between January 2005 and January 2018 for examples of documented human adaptation initiatives in Australia. Our results challenge previous assumptions that adaptation actions are not happening in Australia and describes adaptation processes that are underway. For the most part, actions can be described as preliminary or groundwork, with a particular focus on documenting stakeholder perspectives on climate change and attitudes towards adaptation, and modelling or scenario planning in the coastal zone, agriculture, and health sectors. Where concrete adaptations are reported, they are usually in the agricultural sector and are most common in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia’s food basket. The findings of the review advance our understanding of adaptation to climate change as a process and the need to consider different stages in the process when tracking adaptation.
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Petrov, Ljubica, Catherine Joyce, and Tonina Gucciardo-Masci. "Aging in Australia: country of birth and language preferences of residents in aged care facilities." Australian Health Review 43, no. 1 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17032.
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Objective There is a need to better understand the use of aged care services by people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of people living in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) who were born in non-English-speaking countries and/or have a preferred language other than English and to describe service utilisation rates. Methods The present study consisted of a secondary analysis of data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare National Aged Care Data Clearinghouse. Data were analysed by country of birth, preferred language, state or territory and Aged Care Planning Regions within Victoria. Results Nationally, over 30000 (18.3%) RACF residents were born in a non-English-speaking country. In Victoria, almost one in four RACF residents (23.9%) was born in a non-English-speaking country, and approximately one in eight (13.1%) has a preferred language other than English. Most Victorian RACFs (72.4%) have at least one resident with a preferred language other than English. Approximately one in four residents (26.1%) with a preferred language other than English are the sole speaker of the language in their facility. Conclusion All RACFs need to effectively address the needs and preferences of their residents, including those who were born in a non-English-speaking country or prefer to speak a language other than English. What is known about the topic? The number of older people from a non-English-speaking background continues to increase, but little is known about the prevalence of this cohort living in RACFs and how aged care providers are responding to their needs and preferences. What does this paper add? The present study provides detailed, service- and policy-relevant information, demonstrating a substantial degree of diversity among people living in RACFs, with wide distribution across facilities and regions. The findings confirm the need for a systematic, sector-wide approach to addressing linguistic diversity and developing inclusive practices. What are the implications for practitioners? All RACFs are required to develop policies and procedures in order to cater to the needs and preferences of residents who were born in non-English-speaking countries and/or who prefer to speak a language other than English.
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Son, Aram. "International students in English language programmes: their images of Australia and travel behaviour." International Journal of Tourism Research 5, no. 3 (2003): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.434.
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Lewis, Bridget. "Neighbourliness and Australia’s Contribution to Regional Migration Strategies for Climate Displacement in the Pacific." QUT Law Review 15, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v15i2.625.
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<em>The prospect of widespread displacement in the Pacific as a result of climate change is becoming increasingly likely and it is possible that many will eventually need to relocate to other countries. Regional migration strategies not only offer the potential to minimise the harms of relocation, while acknowledging existing relationships of friendship and regional cooperation. This article examines the use of the language of ‘neighbourliness’ in Australia’s regional climate change strategies and argues that, while it expresses friendship, such language can also be employed to avoid the creation of stronger obligations. The article considers the international doctrine of good neighbourliness and concludes that, while international legal obligations may not yet exist, Australia should nonetheless begin planning for regional migration within the Pacific to allow people to migrate with dignity.</em>
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Rawluk, A., A. Sanders, T. W. Yuwati, D. Rachmanadi, N. Izazaya, N. Yulianti, N. Sakuntaladewi, et al. "Finding common ground: developing a shared understanding of tropical peatswamp forest restoration and fires across culture, language, and discipline." International Forestry Review 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 426–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554822835941922.
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Indigenous and traditional peoples, practitioners and researchers navigate complex social ecological landscapes. The importance of dialogue across cultures, languages, disciplines, and forms of knowledge is increasingly recognised as needed in landscape restoration and environmental governance at multiple scales. A process called adaptive doing was used in two workshops in South Kalimantan Province, followed by remote collaboration among team members in Indonesia and Australia. Examining the breadth of differences in culture, language and knowledge, and recognising assumptions and disciplinary training, enabled each participant to develop a shared understanding of tropical peatswamp forest restoration and fires. The shared understanding extended beyond each participant's original conception and provided a collective vision that brought together the different knowledges, cultural and disciplinary backgrounds, while acting as a point of orientation for the work and purpose within a research project. The experience gained through adaptive doing has led to important collaborative changes in the project and can support future interdisciplinary teams to achieve collaborative practice change and a shared understanding of context.
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Fitzpatrick, Emily F. M., Maureen Carter, June Oscar, Tom Lawford, Alexandra L. C. Martiniuk, Heather A. D’Antoine, and Elizabeth J. Elliott. "Research protocol for the Picture Talk Project: a qualitative study on research and consent with remote Australian Aboriginal communities." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e018452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018452.
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IntroductionResearch with Indigenous populations is not always designed with cultural sensitivity. Few publications evaluate or describe in detail seeking consent for research with Indigenous participants. When potential participants are not engaged in a culturally respectful manner, participation rates and research quality can be adversely affected. It is unethical to proceed with research without truly informed consent.Methods and analysisWe describe a culturally appropriate research protocol that is invited by Aboriginal communities of the Fitzroy Valley in Western Australia. The Picture Talk Project is a research partnership with local Aboriginal leaders who are also chief investigators. We will interview Aboriginal leaders about research, community engagement and the consent process and hold focus groups with Aboriginal community members about individual consent. Cultural protocols will be applied to recruit and conduct research with participants. Transcripts will be analysed using NVivo10 qualitative software and themes synthesised to highlight the key issues raised by the community about the research process. This protocol will guide future research with the Aboriginal communities of the Fitzroy Valley and may inform the approach to research with other Indigenous communities of Australia or the world. It must be noted that no community is the same and all research requires local consultation and input. To conduct culturally sensitive research, respected local people from the community who have knowledge of cultural protocol and language are engaged to guide each step of the research process from the project design to the delivery of results.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 2012/348, reference:14760), the Western Australia Country Health Service Ethics Committee (No. 2012:15), the Western Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committee and reviewed by the Kimberley Aboriginal Health Planning Forum Research Sub-Committee (No. 2012–008). Results will be disseminated through peer review articles, a local Fitzroy Valley report and conference presentations.
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Crichton, Jonathan, and Angela Scarino. "How are we to understand the ‘intercultural dimension’?" Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 4.1–4.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0704.
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The internationalisation of education has become a major focus of international, national and institutional attention, reflected in a substantial and expanding literature on how internationalisation is manifested, how it might be promoted, its implications for areas such as government policy, strategic planning and management, educational quality, student mobility, teaching and learning, and the place of language and culture in teaching and learning. There is also general agreement in the literature on the need for internationalisation to include an ‘intercultural dimension’. In this paper, we examine how we are to understand the ‘intercultural dimension’ in higher education. Our approach is based on an analysis of current constructions of this dimension, to argue that these constructions are neither individually nor in combination capable of meeting the challenge of internationalisation. Drawing on recent studies undertaken at the University of South Australia, we propose culture as ‘intercultural’ as an alternative construction.
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Crichton, Jonathan, and Angela Scarino. "How are we to understand the ‘intercultural dimension’?" Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (2007): 4.1–4.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.30.1.02cri.
Full textAbstract:
The internationalisation of education has become a major focus of international, national and institutional attention, reflected in a substantial and expanding literature on how internationalisation is manifested, how it might be promoted, its implications for areas such as government policy, strategic planning and management, educational quality, student mobility, teaching and learning, and the place of language and culture in teaching and learning. There is also general agreement in the literature on the need for internationalisation to include an ‘intercultural dimension’.In this paper, we examine how we are to understand the ‘intercultural dimension’ in higher education. Our approach is based on an analysis of current constructions of this dimension, to argue that these constructions are neither individually nor in combination capable of meeting the challenge of internationalisation. Drawing on recent studies undertaken at the University of South Australia, we propose culture as ‘intercultural’ as an alternative construction.
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Oakley, Grace, Helen Wildy, and Ye’Elah Berman. "Multimodal digital text creation using tablets and open-ended creative apps to improve the literacy learning of children in early childhood classrooms." Journal of Early Childhood Literacy 20, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 655–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468798418779171.
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This article reports on an exploratory mixed-methods study that investigated how the creation of multimodal digital texts, using tablets, and open-ended creative apps contributed to the literacy learning of five-year-old children in two schools in low socioeconomic areas in Western Australia. Participating teachers learned about seven exemplar learning activities designed to engage children in multimodal text creation using tablets, primarily to improve literacy. Teachers used exemplars to guide their literacy planning and practice over three school terms. Pre- and post-test scores suggest that aspects of participating children’s reading had improved. Teachers also reported some improvements in children’s oral language and writing, as well as reading.
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Winter, Joanne, and Anne Pauwels. "Missing me and Msing the other." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 8.1–8.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0708.
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The introduction and spread of Ms as the courtesy address title for women is a cornerstone of feminist linguistic planning for English. Its introduction aimed to eradicate the discriminatory inequity in the address system that exposed women through their (non)marital relationship with men. The understanding, use and impact of the courtesy title are fairly well documented, particularly for Englishes of Australia (e.g. Pauwels 1987; 1998; 2001; 2003), US and Britain (Romaine 2001) and New Zealand (Holmes 2001). We have little knowledge of the form’s spread, impact and use by speakers for whom English is not the dominant language but forms part of their linguistic repertoire. Graddol (1997) argues that English-speaking bilinguals will outnumber first language speakers and, ‘increasingly will decide the global future of the language’ (p.10). Such contexts of English – second / third / foreign – usage loosely align with locales Kachru (1997) identified as ‘expanding circles’, and to some extent, many of the ‘outer circle’ Englishes, e.g. Hong Kong. In this paper we take up a new direction in feminist language planning: the exploration of courtesy title use and practices by English-speaking mono-/bi-/multilingual women around the world. We draw upon online survey data (available from http://www.teagirl.arts.uwa.edu.au/) to probe respondents’ strategies for addressing unknown women, as well as women’s use of courtesy titles for themselves. Our mapping of practices associated with Ms reveals an unexpected pattern of diffusion with implications for evaluating planned social language change. In relation to Ms, the implementation of feminist linguistic policy does not cohere with a pattern of spread from inner to outer to expanding ‘circles’ of English or from ‘first language speaker’ to … ‘foreign language speaker’ diffusion. The locale and personal contexts associated with education, awareness and personal commitment to gender equity interact in complicating, and surprising ways. Indeed our research exposes a new directionality for Ms as a preferred form for unknown women, without necessarily implicating its use in self-naming for many bilingual women resident in ‘outer circle’ locales.
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Winter, Joanne, and Anne Pauwels. "Missing me and Msing the other." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (2007): 8.1–8.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.30.1.06win.
Full textAbstract:
The introduction and spread ofMsas the courtesy address title for women is a cornerstone of feminist linguistic planning for English. Its introduction aimed to eradicate the discriminatory inequity in the address system that exposed women through their (non)marital relationship with men. The understanding, use and impact of the courtesy title are fairly well documented, particularly for Englishes of Australia (e.g. Pauwels 1987; 1998; 2001; 2003), US and Britain (Romaine 2001) and New Zealand (Holmes 2001). We have little knowledge of the form’s spread, impact and use by speakers for whom English is not the dominant language but forms part of their linguistic repertoire. Graddol (1997) argues that English-speaking bilinguals will outnumber first language speakers and, ‘increasingly will decide the global future of the language’ (p.10). Such contexts of English – second / third / foreign – usage loosely align with locales Kachru (1997) identified as ‘expanding circles’, and to some extent, many of the ‘outer circle’ Englishes, e.g. Hong Kong. In this paper we take up a new direction in feminist language planning: the exploration of courtesy title use and practices by English-speaking mono-/bi-/multilingual women around the world. We draw upon online survey data (available fromhttp://www.teagirl.arts.uwa.edu.au/) to probe respondents’ strategies for addressing unknown women, as well as women’s use of courtesy titles for themselves. Our mapping of practices associated withMsreveals an unexpected pattern of diffusion with implications for evaluating planned social language change. In relation toMs, the implementation of feminist linguistic policy does not cohere with a pattern of spread from inner to outer to expanding ‘circles’ of English or from ‘first language speaker’ to … ‘foreign language speaker’ diffusion. The locale and personal contexts associated with education, awareness and personal commitment to gender equity interact in complicating, and surprising ways. Indeed our research exposes a new directionality forMsas a preferred form for unknown women, without necessarily implicating its use in self-naming for many bilingual women resident in ‘outer circle’ locales.
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Poncini, Gina. "Exploring the Image of New World Wine Producers." Culture, Contexts, and Communication in Multicultural Australia and New Zealand 17, no. 1 (February 27, 2007): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.17.1.07pon.
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This article reports on a study that investigates texts on websites for wineries in Australia and New Zealand. The article focuses on evaluative language in website texts, exploring two interrelated issues. One issue concerns the kind of image that linguistic features help build up for wineries, wine regions, and Australia and New Zealand as New World wine producers. In seeking to shed light on implicit and explicit values underlying the texts, it gives attention to the aspects of local culture and natural elements most frequently represented in the texts, and if or how European wine-making traditions, European settlement, and the indigenous culture are portrayed in the texts. A second issue has to do with the way shared knowledge is built up in the texts and the kind of shared knowledge readers are assumed to have about local elements such as land and climate, traditions, wine-making processes, and local history.
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Nakane, Ikuko, Chihiro Kinoshita Thomson, and Satoko Tokumaru. "Negotiation of power and solidarity in email." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 24, no. 1 (April 18, 2014): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.24.1.04nak.
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The issue of e-politeness has been attracting increasing attention in the field of foreign language teaching and learning. This article examines how students of Japanese as a foreign language in Australia negotiated power and solidarity in their email correspondence with ‘facilitators’ in Japan who provided support in essay writing tasks. Their relationships, which were neither completely status-unequal nor status-equal, offer a unique social context for an examination of politeness. The study examines whether and how power and solidarity shifted over the 12 weeks of email exchanges. The results show varying levels of rapport and orientations to politeness developing over time, as well as evidence of students applying implicit input from the facilitators’ email messages. The article also considers the impacts, on the politeness phenomena in the data, of students’ cultural backgrounds and prior exposure to casual Japanese. The findings are discussed in relation to the question of ‘appropriateness’ in fostering foreign language learner ability to negotiate power and solidarity in intercultural communication.
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Thomsen, D. A., and J. Davies. "Social and cultural dimensions of commercial kangaroo harvest in South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 10 (2005): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03248.
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Kangaroo management is important to the sustainability of Australia’s rangeland landscapes. The commercial harvest of kangaroos assists in reduction of total grazing pressure in the rangelands and provides the potential for supplementary income to pastoralists. Indeed, the commercial kangaroo industry is considered by natural resource scientists as one of the few rural industry development options with potential to provide economic return with minimal environmental impact. While the biology and population ecology of harvested kangaroo species in Australia is the subject of past and present research, the social, institutional and economic issues pertinent to the commercial kangaroo industry are not well understood. Our research is addressing the lack of understanding of social issues around kangaroo management, which are emerging as constraints on industry development. The non-indigenous stakeholders in kangaroo harvest are landholders, regional management authorities, government conservation and primary production agencies, meat processors, marketers and field processors (shooters) and these industry players generally have little understanding of what issues the commercial harvest of kangaroos presents to Aboriginal people. Consequently, the perspectives and aspirations of Aboriginal people regarding the commercial harvest of kangaroos are not well considered in management, industry development and planning. For Aboriginal people, kangaroos have subsistence, economic and cultural values and while these values and perspectives vary between language groups and individuals, there is potential to address indigenous issues by including Aboriginal people in various aspects of kangaroo management. This research also examines the Aboriginal interface with commercial kangaroo harvest, and by working with Aboriginal people and groups is exploring several options for greater industry involvement. The promotion of better understandings between indigenous and non-indigenous people with interests in kangaroo management could promote industry development through the marketing of kangaroo as not only clean and green, but also as a socially just product.
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Mansour, Reima, Pranee Liamputtong, and Amit Arora. "Food Security among Libyan Migrants Living in Australia: A Qualitative Study." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 13853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413853.
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Food security among migrants and refugees is a concern across the globe, with the dearth of evidence on food labels and their influence on food security affecting disadvantaged communities especially. This paper discusses the experiences of food security among Libyan migrant families in Australia. The study is situated within the food and nutrition security framework. A qualitative approach was adopted with in-depth interviews conducted with 27 Libyan migrants. Thematic analysis identified three themes: food security, food label comprehension, and strategies for dealing with food insecurity and food labelling difficulties. Food security had different meanings to different individuals. Access to culturally appropriate (halal) foods was problematic for families in regional and rural areas due to a lack of availability outside the main cities. In terms of food labelling, the language and terms used were a common issue for most families in both rural and city environments. Many families attempted to find ways to counteract food insecurity; however, lower-income families found this more burdensome. It is crucial that health and social welfare providers consider means to reduce food insecurity among Libyan migrants to allow them to live a healthier life in Australia.
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Davison, Chris, and Penny McKay. "Counting and dis-counting learner group variation." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 12, no. 1 (July 18, 2002): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.12.1.06dav.
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Australia is a multilingual multicultural country with an impressive record of educational provision for students from language other than English (LOTE) backgrounds. The recent widespread development of common standards and benchmarks in English language and literacy in schools can be seen as a valuable component of this provision. However, care needs to be taken to avoid projecting a false picture of linguistic homogeneity by ignoring variation between English-speaking background (ESB) and English as a Second Language (ESL) learner groups. This paper demonstrates how the recent introduction of national Literacy Benchmarks, unlike the earlier development of curriculum and standards frameworks, has dis-counted ESL achievement by failing to take sufficient account of learner variation. Problems have also occurred in balancing the conflicting motivations for benchmarking: assessment, accountability and education, which result in different “standards” for standard-setting being assumed by the various stakeholders. The paper concludes that real accountability and progress in ESL learning and teaching can only be shown effectively through the use of a complementary but distinctive set of standards or benchmarks for ESL learners at different stages of schooling.
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Langridge, David. "The Poster Session: A fitting finale to a very successful WSE meeting." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441134.
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The author trained and worked initially as an urban planner with workin England and Australia. He was Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Environmental Studies (Architecture Planning, Landscape Architecture), Cheltenham College of Art, between 1971 and 1983. Since 1983, he has lived and worked in Edinburgh as an artist, developing a visual language. His subject matter is the City and its visual form, drawing inspiration from the city of Edinburgh. He is a graduate of the Athens Center of Ekistics and since 2003 a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is the co-ordinator's report of the Poster Session on the afternoon of Friday, 23 September, 2005, with Nobuyuki Sekiguchi as Chairman, at the international symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity," organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005.
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Yelland, Jane, Elisha Riggs, Josef Szwarc, Dannielle Vanpraag, Wendy Dawson, and Stephanie Brown. "Improving the ascertainment of refugee-background people in health datasets and health services." Australian Health Review 42, no. 2 (2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16164.
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Ascertainment of vulnerable populations in health datasets is critical to monitoring disparities in health outcomes, enables service planning and guides the delivery of health care. There is emerging evidence that people of refugee backgrounds in Australia experience poor health outcomes and barriers to accessing services, yet a clear picture of these disparities is limited by what is routinely collected in health datasets. There are challenges to improving the accuracy of ascertainment of refugee background, with sensitivities for both consumers and providers about the way questions are asked. Initial testing of four data items in maternity and early childhood health services (maternal country of birth, year of arrival in Australia, requirement for an interpreter and women’s preferred language) suggests that these are straightforward items to collect and acceptable to service administrators, care providers and to women. In addition to the four data items, a set of questions has been developed as a guide for clinicians to use in consultations. These new approaches to ascertainment of refugee background are essential for addressing the risk of poor health outcomes for those who are forced to leave their countries of origin because of persecution and violence. What is known about the topic? Relatively little attention has been given to identifying refugee-background populations in health datasets and health services. What does the paper add? Four routinely collected data items will provide an indication of refugee background to better understand health disparities and guide service planning and the delivery of health care. What are the implications for practice? The data items, together with a set of questions for practitioners to use in the clinical encounter, are essentials to the provision of culturally competent health care.