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1
Liddicoat, Anthony J., and Andy Kirkpatrick. "Dimensions of language education policy in Asia." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 30, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2020): 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00043.kir.
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Abstract This paper will identify the major trends that can be determined from an overall study of recent language policies across Asia. The trends can be seen across three interrelated themes, namely: the promotion and privileging of one language as the national language as part of an attempt to create a nation state, often in polities that are linguistically extremely diverse; a decrease in the promotion of indigenous languages other than the national language and the neglect of these in education in many countries; and the promotion of English as the first foreign language in education systems, often giving other ‘foreign’ languages a minimal role in education. Possible reasons and motivations for these trends will be discussed and countries where exceptions to these trends can be identified will be illustrated. The aim of the paper will be to discuss these trends and to critically evaluate selected language policies. The paper will conclude with predictions for the future linguistic ecology of the region and for the interrelationships of respective national languages, indigenous languages and English
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Leitner, Gerhard. "Australia’s “Asia competence” and the Uneasy Balance between Asian Languages and English." Culture, Contexts, and Communication in Multicultural Australia and New Zealand 17, no. 1 (February 27, 2007): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.17.1.04lei.
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Australia’s policies on languages of the late 1980s were characterized by a balance between the community and broader needs of the nation on the one hand and European and Asian languages on the other. In a climate of ever stronger economic rationalism, globalization and shrinking resources these policies shifted to economic benefit arguments in the 1990s; community-based policies came under attack. European languages suffered more at first, but recently Asian languages have also been jeopardized. This raises several questions: Should Asian (and other) languages continue to be promoted for community or for national needs? Should there be an emphasis on English, the national language, and should migrants be incited to shift to it in light of the growing use of English worldwide and especially in the Asia-Pacific region? This paper explores different facets of the debate about policy and planning with regard to English and Asian languages and the political tension that links them.
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Christie, Jan Wisseman. "The Medieval Tamil-language Inscriptions in Southeast Asia and China." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 29, no. 2 (September 1998): 239–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400007438.
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Early inscriptions written in Indian languages and scripts abound in Southeast Asia. Literacy in the very early states of Southeast Asia — aside from the portion of north Vietnam annexed by China — began with the importing, by local rulers, of modified cults of Buddhism or Hinduism, and the attendant adoption of Sanskrit or Pali language for the writing of religious texts. Later, in the seventh century, a broader range of texts began to appear on permanent materials, written in indigenous languages. Given the importance of religion in spearheading the development of indigenous literacy in Southeast Asia, it is not surprising that the north Indian languages of Sanskrit and Pali have had considerable long-term impact upon the linguistic and intellectual cultures of Southeast Asia.
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Snow, Don. "Diglossia in East Asia." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 20, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 124–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.20.1.10sno.
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This article examines the most extensive case of diglossia in history, that of diglossia in East Asia. In pre-modern times, Classical Chinese functioned as the high (H) language variety in not only China, but also Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, and this entire region can arguably be viewed as a single instance of diglossia in the sense that the rise and eventual decline of diglossia in these societies followed similar patterns, and changes in one society often affected the others. Examination of diglossia in East Asia shows that even during long centuries of apparent stability, gradual changes were always underway, hence supporting Hudson’s (2002) view that stability in diglossic patterns is at best relative. The East Asian case also supports Coulmas’ (2002) view that writing is pivotal to any theory of diglossia, in that the division of roles between H and L in East Asia was essentially one of written/spoken language. Finally, the case of East Asia suggests that there are two essentially different kinds of diglossia, a traditional kind which is common in pre-modern societies and in which H is what Anderson (2006) calls a “sacred language,” and a less common modern kind in which H is a modern standard language.
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Nefedov, Andrey, and Elizaveta Kotorova. "Language contact and areal convergence in North Asia." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 32, no. 1 (August 4, 2022): 108–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00086.nef.
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Abstract Ket is the sole surviving member of the Yeniseian language family, spoken in the central part of North Asia. This large territory is also home to other language families: Samoyedic, Ob-Ugric, Tungusic, and Turkic. Apart from Yeniseian, which are strikingly unique, all language groups in the area conform to a common typological profile. Subsequent to contact over several hundred years, many of the core grammatical features that distinguish Yeniseian from the other language families have undergone a ‘typological accommodation,’ a phenomenon most prominent in Modern Ket, to mimic the dominant language type in the area. The present article aims to provide an overview of some ways in which typological accommodation has affected the phonemic tones and nominal and verbal morphology in Modern Ket, and to show that this peculiar phenomenon is also attested at the syntactic level in formation of adverbial and relative clauses. As such, the paper presents that the phonemic and morphological structures of Modern Ket uniquely position the language for discourse and communication. Here, its speakers deploy these communicative devices, specifically designed followed extended contact with other languages, as representative of their language community.
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Ting, Zeng. "Multilingual education in Central Asian institutions of higher education." Moscow University Pedagogical Education Bulletin, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51314/2073-2635-2020-2-102-117.
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Central Asian countries include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, all of which are multi-ethnic and multi-lingual countries with unique multicultural spaces. After independence, the Central Asian countries along the «Belt and Road» are fully aware of the importance of education in the development of the national economy. Therefore, the internationalization of higher education is always given priority in the education development. In the context of internationalization, the choice of language education and educational language has become an important factor affecting the quality of higher education. At present, apart from Turkmenistan, the governments of Central Asian countries have proposed a multilingual development strategy for their national conditions, trying to break the deadlock of economic and social development through multilingual policies so that they can integrate with the world, and step into the international development path. The key to implementing multilingual policies and carrying on the related language and culture projects is in the correct and effective multilingual education. The development of multilingual education in Central Asian universities has constituted a unique landscape for higher education in Central Asia. It is characterized by the integration of multilingual education policy into national language and education strategies, the intervention from Europe, US and Russia, the phased planning, the equal attention to both native and foreign languages and language as the educational medium. Meanwhile, there exist some problems, including strong politicization, insufficient teachers, teaching materials and educational fund, as well as the difficulties in the development of native languages.
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Kamada, Hitoshi. "East Asian Collections and Organizational Transformation in Academic Libraries." College & Research Libraries 63, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.63.2.125.
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Special aspects of East Asian collections, induced by constraints in handling vernacular-language information from East Asia, have distanced those collections from mainstream academic library administration. Mean-while, substantial organizational transformation is changing the landscape of academic library management. Quality management, staffing changes, a desire for demonstrated efficiency and effectiveness, and strategic planning are some of the major forces of organizational change in academic libraries now having an effect on East Asian collections. This article explores how organizational changes affect East Asian collections, entities often marginalized in this era of transformation, and how East Asian collections should respond to the changes.
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Adelaar, K. Alexander. "Malay: A short history." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 10, no. 1 (1999): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025754340000095x.
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ABSTRACTThis article follows the development of Malay from prehistorical times to the present. After a brief overview of the variety of languages in Southeast Asia and Oceania, the position of Malay within the Austronesian language family is discussed as well as the Malay homeland. The history of Malay is followed throughout its most important stages, from the period of the oldest written evidence in the late 7th century AD to the age of the Malaccan sultanate in the 15th-16th centuries, the colonial period in which Malay became the most important language in all domains of public life except in the highest echelons, and the present post-independence period in which Malay has become the national language in four states of Southeast Asia. Attention is also given to sociolinguistic differentiation, to foreign influences, to the engineering planning and manipulation of Malay in recent times and to its role as a vehicle for the spread of several religions and foreign (Indian, Mid-eastern, European) cultural influences.
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Khubchandani,, Lachman M. "Language plurality of South Asia: A search for alternate models in knowledge construction." Applied Linguistics Review 3, no. 2 (October 10, 2012): 315–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2012-0015.
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AbstractUnder the influence of the purists' tradition in philology and in pedagogy, agencies concerned with social planning analyze linguistic heterogeneity as a serious problem of human adjustment. Viewing language in monolithic terms, there has been a traditional bias that language diversity is a problem. Constituting the mother tongue as a cult and marker of identity, many linguists and language agencies since the European Renaissance have joined nationalists (taking language as a defining characteristic of ‘nation-state’) in isolating bilinguals as being ‘rootless’ and of ‘dubious loyalty’ to the nation. In recent years, however, there has been more lip service paid to language pluralism. The characteristic of maintaining of two (or more) mother tongues is a notable feature of plurilingual India. Contemporary disciplines do not take cognizance of multiple languages existing side by side, and a speech community continues to be identified according to homogeneous constructs, in terms of formal structures and monistic values, attitudes and usage. The local and the global, the particular and the universal should be viewed, as two sides of the same coin rather than competing with each other. In the light of this, we look for new paradigms in applied linguistics so as to effectively arrest the trends of large scale commodification and homogenization pertaining to language development and make transparent the qualities of communication for an integral and sustainable development of social diversity.
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KHALID, ADEEB. "SCOTT C. LEVI, The Indian Diaspora in Central Asia and Its Trade, 1550–1900 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2002). Pp. 319. $93.00." International Journal of Middle East Studies 35, no. 4 (November 2003): 647–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743803300261.
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This fine book provides the first comprehensive account of the Indian merchant communities that arose in Central Asia in the 16th century and continued to occupy an important niche in the local economy until the turn of the 20th century. The subject of India's relations with Central Asia and Russia has often been addressed, but it has usually fallen afoul of methodological and linguistic boundaries that divide the historiographies of the two regions. This is the first work that is equally at home in both Indian and Central Asian history. Levi's greatest contribution is to bring Central Asian sources to bear fully on his argument. He uses Persian-language narrative and documentary sources from Central Asia (housed in the manuscript collections of the Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies in Tashkent) and the state archives of Uzbekistan to glean useful new information about life in the diaspora and the activities of its members. He backs these up with accounts of European travelers, which he has mined with great thoroughness for all references to Indian merchants.
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Carey, Stephen. "Language Management, Official Bilingualism, and Multiculturalism in Canada." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 17 (March 1997): 204–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003354.
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In addressing Canadian language management and planning in terms of bilingualism and multiculturalism, it is essential to contextualize these topics within the recent historical policy events and periods of change. This history includes the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism of 1965, the Official Languages Act of 1969, official bilingualism and multiculturalism since 1971, the Canadian Multiculturalism Act of 1988, the growing importance of the Asia-Pacific region for Canada during the 1990's, and the increased probability of Quebec's separation. The above stages of evolution have taken place during an era which has seen the growing dominance of English internationally in all spheres of academia, economics, and communication technology, and an equally rapid decline of French internationally in these same spheres (Carey 1991; 1996).
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Edwards, Penny. "Beyond words: Going off script in Theravada Southeast Asia." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 53, no. 1-2 (June 2022): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463422000303.
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Accounts of Buddhism in Thailand, Burma and Cambodia offer detailed descriptions of ‘the power attributed to inscribed amulets, tattoos, and related forms of writing’ (p. 8). But earlier scholarship on Southeast Asia ‘often looked down on non-literary uses of script’, treating it as either a ‘non-Buddhist “cultural” accretion or the ignoble trappings of popular superstition’ (p. 8). Such judgements were based on an idealised conception of Buddhism that focused on canonical scripture, and congealed under colonial rule. Where Richard Fox finds a fruitful ‘indeterminacy’ in the aksara of Bali, colonial scholarship tended towards overdetermination, creating a rigid hierarchy of Buddhist scriptural forms. Pali, the language in which generations of monks had chanted, thought and wrote, was deemed ‘less than’ Sanskrit, but ‘more than’ the plethora of indigenous languages of the region.
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Yoon, In-Jin. "Forced Relocation, Language Use, and Ethnic Identity of Koreans in Central Asia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 9, no. 1 (March 2000): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680000900102.
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This article deals with the current situation of language use, ethnic identity, and ethnic relations of Koreans in Central Asia. The primary set of data for this study came from a sample survey of 1,302 Koreans in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Moscow, Sankt Perterburg, and Sakhalin done in July 1997 through March 1998. Raymond Breton's concept of institutional completeness proved to be useful in explaining the regional and temporal differences in the level of assimilation of Koreans to Russian culture and society. High levels of education and occupational upward mobility of Koreans in urban areas, historical experiences and structural conditions have contributed to the assimilation of Koreans in Russian society. Nonetheless, Koreans have maintained high levels of ethnic identity primarily because ethnicity is a socially imposed and recognized marker, differentiating Koreans from others and limiting their life chances.
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Oommen, T. K. "State Versus Nation in South Asia: Linking Language and Governance." South Asian Survey 9, no. 2 (September 2002): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097152310200900209.
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Ahmad, Ayaz, Liaqat Iqbal, and Irfan Ullah. "Challenges and Opportunities of English and Urdu contest: Language Planning and the Implementation of Article 251 in Pakistan." Global Legal Studies Review V, no. III (September 30, 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2020(v-iii).10.
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Immediately after independence in 1947, Urdu became the national language of Pakistan. The constitution of 1973 promised the realization of this goal in Article 251. This paper analyses the causes of its lack of implementation with the help of textual analysis of archival sources. A historical overview of the introduction and domination of the English language in South Asia through colonial machinery explains the reasons for ambivalence about English and Urdu language to be entrenched in the colonial legacy and anticolonial nationalism. The lack of capacity and will combines with the forces for globalism in enhancing the position of the English language in Pakistan. Further, the association of English and Urdu with the existing class division has reduced the debate about language policy to rhetorical postures. The paper proposes a reconsideration of the historical top-down formation of language policy and planning and its replacement with a renewed bottom-up approach where diversity in Pakistan is accessed as a resource instead of treating it as a problem.
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Fierman, William. "Identity, Symbolism, and the Politics of Language in Central Asia." Europe-Asia Studies 61, no. 7 (August 25, 2009): 1207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668130903068731.
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Bruthiaux, Paul. "Nanette Gottlieb & Ping Chen (eds.), Language planning and language policy: East Asian perspectives. Richmond, UK: Curzon, 2001. Pp. x, 210. ISBN 0-7007-1468-5." Language in Society 32, no. 5 (November 2003): 738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503275059.
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In this well-focused collection of papers, editors Gottlieb & Chen present an overview of language planning and policy issues in East Asia. Given the time-honored emphasis on scholarship and especially on writing that is characteristic of the region, it is not surprising to find that the book is rich in historical information. However, it also provides a wealth of insights regarding recent developments across related yet unique settings. In this sense, the volume fulfills its publicized aim of meeting the needs of students, researchers, and educated readers with an interest in the complex language practices of the region.
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DATLA, KAVITA. "A Worldly Vernacular: Urdu at Osmania University." Modern Asian Studies 43, no. 5 (September 2009): 1117–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x08003715.
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AbstractTwinned as Urdu has become with the fate of India's largest religious minority, Muslims, and with the emergence of the independent state of Pakistan, for which Urdu is the official national language, the story of Urdu holds a peculiar place and a special significance in histories of the subcontinent. Stories of the Urdu language are dramatic, bound up as they are in questions of politics, the fate of Hindus and Muslims and the vicissitudes of both the Urdu and the Hindi languages. Though Hindi–Urdu language politics are an important part of these languages' colonial history, this article emphasizes another story. For, like the other vernaculars of south Asia, Urdu had to contend as much with English as with Hindi, and it is that story that is emphasized here. This article details how early-twentieth-century Hyderabad's Urdu educators engaged with questions of native education, language, and Western science. It highlights the discussions and disagreements that accompanied this educational project as Urdu advocates re-evaluated their language and its sources of authority, attempting to make the Urdu language a worldly vernacular, useful for more than the subcontinent's Muslim population.
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Kollu, Sravanthi. "On Common Speech." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9408028.
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Abstract The multilingual turn in literary studies emphasizes the fairly recent emergence of a monolingual attachment to language. While this rightly calls into question the academic focus on monolingual competencies and offers a substantial area of inquiry for scholars working with the linguistically diverse regions of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, this essay posits that the persistence of multilinguality among historical actors from these regions does not merit a shift away from monolingualism in contemporary scholarship. This argument derives from the claims analyzed in this essay, made by South Asian writers in colonial India, about the singularity of one's own language (swabhasha) and the writers' anxieties to protect this language from vulgar speech (gramyam). Building on contemporary work on the vernacular, the essay seeks to draw renewed attention to the role of speech in language debates in Telugu, a language whose particularity has not become a metonym either for the nation (like Hindi) or for a pan–South Indian identity (like Tamil). In tracing the movement from vulgar speech to proper language in this archive, this essay reframes vernacularity as an ethical compulsion premised on the common.
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SOLOVIOVA, Elnara. "THE ROLE OF TURKEY IN THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CENTRAL ASIA." Наукові праці Міжрегіональної Академії управління персоналом. Політичні науки та публічне управління, no. 5(65) (April 18, 2023): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32689/2523-4625-2022-5(65)-12.
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The role of the Turkey and the reasons for the support of Azerbaijan in the Second Karabakh war are under consideration. The armament provisions and the regular joint exercises showed the military support of Turkey for Azerbaijan as well as the opportunity for Turkey to demonstrate its military and technological capabilities in the Second Karabakh war. It is determined that the Turkish weaponry showed the weakness of the military planning and technologies of russia. It is suggested that using of the Turkish drones in the Karabakh war changed the concept of war. It is established that Central Asian nations are beginning to view Azerbaijan as a bridge to the West and as a matter of outstanding role of Turkey in the Second Karabakh war this new image of Azerbaijan will only increase Turkey’s advances in the Turkic republics of that area. It is determined that Turkey can expand eastward over the Caspian Sea thanks to Azerbaijan's geographic position, which will be important in stabilizing Turkey's approach to Central Asia. The most vivid example of this is the planned corridor that passes from southern Azerbaijan to Nakhichevan, an exclave of Azerbaijan. The Second Karabakh War's aftermath and the Turkish leadership's sequential official travels to Central Asian nations are instructive of the growing importance of the Central Asia for Turkey. The institutional and military backgrounds of increasing cooperation with Central Asian countries is revealed as well. It is concluded that nationalistic and panturkic rhetoric and practice being currently on the agenda of foreign policy of Turkey aimed at Central Asia. If previously Turkey cooperated with Central Asia on the low politics, after the Second Karabakh war Turkey turned to high politics questions, using the low politics as the background for high politics issues. Based on their shared language and racial heritage, Turkey and Central Asian nations are forming a strategic, security, and military partnership. The emergence of political dimension in the cooperation is illustrated by the Turkic unanimity in the position paper “Turkic World Vision – 2040”.
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Farmer, B. H. "Perspectives on the ‘Green Revolution’ in South Asia." Modern Asian Studies 20, no. 1 (February 1986): 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00013627.
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The choice of the word ‘perspective’ in the title of this lecture exploits the ambiguity to which the English language so happily lends itself. For the lecture will, on the one hand, look back over the valley of the years at the research project on technology and agrarian change in two rice-growing areas, one in Sri Lanka and the other in Tamil Nadu, which was organized from the Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridgejust over ten years ago, remembering some of its findings (see Farmer, 1977) and discussing certain further changes that have taken place in the study area and elsewhere in South Asia in those ten years. The project, it should be said, was inter-disciplinary; involved both sample surveys and studies in depth; and can claim to have attained the fruitful relationship between disciplines and between techniques of field study that some have described as ‘hard to achieve’ (e.g., Hoben and Timberg, 1980).
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RICCI, RONIT. "Citing as a Site: Translation and circulation in Muslim South and Southeast Asia." Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 2 (March 2012): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000916.
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AbstractNetworks of travel and trade have often been viewed as central to understanding interactions among Muslims across South and Southeast Asia. In this paper I suggest that we consider language and literature as an additional type of network, one that provided a powerful site of contact and exchange facilitated by, and drawing on, citation. I draw on textual sources written in Javanese, Malay, and Tamil between the sixteenth and early twentieth centuries to argue that among Muslim communities in South and Southeast Asia, practices of reading, learning, translating, adapting, and transmitting contributed to the shaping of a cosmopolitan sphere that was both closely connected with the broader, universal Muslim community and rooted in local identities. I consider a series of ‘citation sites’ in an attempt to explore one among many modes of inter-Asian connections, highlighting how citations, simple or brief as they may often seem, are sites of shared memories, history, and narrative traditions and, in the case of Islamic literature, also sites of a common bond to a cosmopolitan and sanctified Arabic.
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Galistcheva, Natalia V., and Maria S. Reshchikova. "India and China in South Asia: Struggle for Political and Economic Influence in the Region." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 15, no. 1 (2023): 133–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.109.
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The article analyses India’s and China’s policy in South Asia, as well as key elements of their interaction with the regional states from the perspective of competition between the two Asian giants for regional leadership and influence in the South Asian countries. It is emphasized that nowadays China is pursuing active policy regarding South Asia. China develops trade and investment ties with the countries of the region, military cooperation, infrastructural projects, participates in the peace process in Afghanistan. The article pays particular attention to the recent events caused by the global coronavirus pandemic and the efforts made by India and China in order to fight the consequences of the spread of the disease, restore the broken connections and benefit from the situation for strengthening cooperation with the South Asian countries. It is pointed out that such Chinese activities in South Asia are of serious concern to India, and they are regarded as a threat to the national security. Due to its financial investment to the economies of the regional states, China not only displaces India from the territories of its traditional influence, but also gets various advantages and benefits in these countries, as well as access to strategic resources and assets. India is seeking to revive and strengthen its positions in South Asia, but it is difficult for it to rival with China’s huge economy, and regarding presence in the region and influence on the politics and economy of South Asia, India loses to China by many measures.
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Dawe, Christopher J. "Review of Vaish (2010): Globalization of language and culture in Asia: The impact of globalization processes on language." Language Management Approach 22, no. 2 (November 2, 2012): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.22.2.10daw.
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Saint-Jacques, Bernard, and Diana Lary. "Dumb Foreigners: Language and Cultural Barriers to Canadian Relations with Asia and the Pacific." Pacific Affairs 64, no. 3 (1991): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2759483.
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Lyons, Shawn T. "Resisting Colonialism in the Uzbek Historical Novel Kecha va Kunduz (Night and Day), 1936." Inner Asia 3, no. 2 (2001): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/146481701793647642.
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AbstractIn this essay on the Uzbek author and poet Abdulhamid Sulayman Cholpon (1897–1938), his novel Kecha va Kunduz (Night and Day) is examined as a bold critique of both Russian and Soviet colonialism in early twentieth century Central Asia. Despite increasing censorship and previous arrests by Soviet authorities, Cholpon subtly employs a variety of techniques including satire and farce to undermine the legitimacy of the Soviet government that was being established around him. Bitterly portraying the hypocrisy and collusion of jadid reformists, Muslim clerics and local Russian officials, this unfinished novel, which was halted by the author’s execution in 1938, remains as one of the darkest comments on Soviet Central Asian history in the Uzbek language.
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Шарма Сушіл Кумар. "The Tower of Babble: Mother Tongue and Multilingualism in India." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 188–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.1.sha.
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Since ancient times India has been a multilingual society and languages in India have thrived though at times many races and religions came into conflict. The states in modern India were reorganised on linguistic basis in 1956 yet in contrast to the European notion of one language one nation, majority of the states have more than one official language. The Linguistic Survey of India (LSI) conducted by Grierson between 1866 and 1927 identified 179 languages and 544 dialects. The first post-independence Indian census after (1951) listed 845 languages including dialects. The 1991 Census identified 216 mother tongues were identified while in 2001 their number was 234. The three-language formula devised to maintain the multilingual character of the nation and paying due attention to the importance of mother tongue is widely accepted in the country in imparting the education at primary and secondary levels. However, higher education system in India impedes multilingualism. According the Constitution it is imperative on the “Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India … by drawing, wherever necessary or desirable, for its vocabulary, primarily on Sanskrit and secondarily on other languages.” However, the books translated into Hindi mainly from English have found favour with neither the students nor the teachers. On the other hand the predominance of English in various competitive examinations has caused social discontent leading to mass protests and cases have been filed in the High Courts and the Supreme Court against linguistic imperialism of English and Hindi. The governments may channelize the languages but in a democratic set up it is ultimately the will of the people that prevails. Some languages are bound to suffer a heavy casualty both in the short and long runs in the process.
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Cabral, Estêvão, and Marilyn Martin-Jones. "Critical ethnography of language policy in the global south: insights from research in Timor-Leste." Language Policy 20, no. 1 (February 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10993-020-09570-0.
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AbstractThis special issue focuses on language policy processes at work, in different sectors of education, in one small multilingual nation situated on the global periphery: the nation of Timor-Leste, in South East Asia. The four articles in this special issue draw on research of a broadly critical and ethnographic nature. To set these articles within a wider research context, the first section of this Introduction charts the development of critical approaches to the study of language policy and planning (LPP). The second section then delineates two main strands of ethnographic research related to LPP processes and points to some of the ways in which the scope of critical, ethnographic research has been widened in recent years. In the third section, we introduce the four articles, highlighting the distinctive nature of the ethnographic research presented in each one. In the fourth section, we show how the articles illustrate the need to combine ethnography with a critical, historical perspective, and with close attention to contemporary global processes, such as the commodification of particular languages. In the final section, we offer reflections on the possibilities for contributing to change in language policy and practice, in Timor-Leste and elsewhere, through researcher-practitioner collaboration of a critical, ethnographic nature.
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Wang, Hong-zen. "China's Skilled Labor on the Move: How Taiwan Businesses Mobilize Ethnic Resources in Asia." Asian Survey 48, no. 2 (March 2008): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2008.48.2.265.
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Abstract This paper discusses how Taiwanese overseas investment creates an ethnic Chinese skilled labor market in Asia. Low costs, no language barrier, and the cultural ““lived Taiwan experience”” are the benefits. Through three different channels––internal corporate transfer, social networks, and placement agencies––skilled labor from the People's Republic is mobilized to work overseas.
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Sjoberg, Andrée F. "Language structure and cultural identity: A historical perspective on the Turkic peoples of Central Asia." Central Asian Survey 12, no. 4 (January 1993): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634939308400838.
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Ghosh, Samyak. "“Two Kings” in the Tungkhungia Court?" Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 42, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9987814.
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Abstract This article situates the court of the Tungkhungia kings of Brahmaputra Valley (1680–1830), in present day Assam, in the space of courtly convergence and response in eighteenth-century South Asia. It studies a particular moment in the Tungkhungia royal court (1714–44) when a unique political arrangement (“two kings”) was expressed by courtiers, chroniclers, and poets in the language of a stylized fiction of love. The article tries to make meaning of the “two kings” problem by looking at a set of textual and visual materials and situates them within a context of “multilayered cultural semiotics” at work in borderland courts in eighteenth-century South Asia, loosely held within the crumbling edifice of Mughal Hindustan. Toward this end, the article uses its research findings to add fresh insights on the ongoing discussion on courtly culture in early eighteenth-century South Asia and highlights the importance of studying emotions towards understanding political practice.
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Fell, Dafydd. "Democratization and Welfare State Development in Taiwan. By Christian Aspalter. [Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate, 2002. xii+171 pp. ISBN 0-7546-1603-7.]." China Quarterly 174 (June 2003): 537–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443903310319.
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Taiwan studies suffer from an overemphasis on cross-straits relations and national identity, making Christian Aspalter's Democratization and Welfare State Development in Taiwan a refreshing change. After his previous comparative publication, Conservative Welfare States in East Asia, Aspalter offers readers the first English language book-length publication explaining the development of Taiwan's welfare state.
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Sung, Chit Cheung Matthew. "English as a lingua franca in the Asian context." Asian Perspectives on English as a Lingua Franca and Identity 26, no. 2 (August 11, 2016): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.26.2.01sun.
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The global phenomenon of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has gained a great deal of attention among applied linguists in recent years. With English serving an increasingly important role as a lingua franca in the Asian context, this special issue aims to explore ELF in Asia through the lens of identity. It critically explores issues and concerns surrounding ELF and identity formation from an Asian perspective by investigating ELF communication involving Asian speakers of English and examining their voices and experiences which have been under-represented in the ELF literature. Building upon a small but growing body of literature on ELF and identity, this special issue brings together articles that examine different aspects of identity formation in ELF communication in several Asian contexts, addressing an array of issues including how identities are constructed and negotiated in lingua franca settings and how different aspects of identities are shaped by linguistic and socio-cultural norms of various ELF contexts and by complex interactions of power relations, language attitudes and ideologies.
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Damnet, Anamai, and Helen Borland. "Acquiring Nonverbal Competence in English Language Contexts." Culture, Contexts, and Communication in Multicultural Australia and New Zealand 17, no. 1 (February 27, 2007): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.17.1.08dam.
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In the Asia Pacific region acquiring communicative competence in intercultural interactions in English is an increasingly important goal for adult English language learners. One aspect of communicative competence that has been little researched to date is competence in interpreting the nonverbal channels of communication that accompany speakers’ verbal messages. For Thai learners of English the differences between Thai and English native speakers in many features of nonverbal communicative behaviour can lead to misunderstanding and miscommunication. In this study the understanding of English native speakers’ nonverbal communication and attitudes to such communication is investigated with a group (n = 73) of Thai university students. Using experimental classroom-based research the effectiveness of two teaching approaches using American and Australian films have been evaluated. One of these approaches involves explicit teaching about nonverbal communication used by English native speakers, whereas the other approach does not teach about nonverbal communication, but exposes the students to nonverbal codes whilst explicitly teaching the linguistic features of interactions in the chosen films. Results of pre and post teaching intervention assessments support the importance of explicit teaching for Thai background English learners’ enhanced appreciation of the nonverbal communication of English native speakers.
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Sartori, Paolo. "The Sovereign's Brigands." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8747447.
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Abstract The essays in this collection, “Rethinking Sovereignty,” draw on the historiography of postcolonial studies to cast new ways of apprehending the semantic ambiguity of the idiom of power. By anatomizing the language of sovereignty derived from colonialism and statist nationalism, the editors of this special section advocate for a graded geography of political thought. They also gesture at the capaciousness of the historiographies of Asia to include various, particular, but no less historically significant manifestations of statehood. Sartori argues further that, by taking a more capacious view of records produced and preserved by the Uzbek khanates (roughly from the 1750s to the 1860s), an engagement with Central Asian history allows us to inscribe banditry into the complex, at times puzzling, texture of pre-Westphalian forms of sovereignty, and, in so doing, help us expand and fine-tune our analytical baggage when addressing forms of fragmented rule.
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Turner, Michael, and David Gak‐Vassallo. "The colonialism of the Modern Movement and the post‐USSR reaction in Central Asia." Curator: The Museum Journal 67, no. 1 (January 2024): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cura.12605.
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AbstractPolitical scientists and historians often credit the intangible heritage of language for the development or manufacturing of national identities. By controlling language through printing and media, it is possible to impose a common identity representing a political, diplomatic, and economic unity. This paper aims to illuminate the often‐unstated influences of urban and architectural language on the impact of cultural production, and to show how modernist syntax and vocabulary were hijacked into a colonial system through the control of the urban fabric, as an attempt to displace primary identity markers such as empire and religion. However, the socialist ideals of the Modern Movement that developed in the USSR after World War I, were a critical tangible component in this melting pot. At time of its ratification of the World Heritage Convention, the USSR did not nominate any properties in Central Asia, perhaps as a reaction against local identities. An exception was Itchan Kala which was nominated for inclusion as an “open‐air city museum.” ICOMOS in its evaluation of the long‐term risks involved in transferring all the settlement and artisanal areas beyond its borders, warned that Itchan Kala would become a dead city with the local population cast into the role of “benign traditionalists” (ICOMOS, Evaluation of the Nomination – Historic Centre of Itchan‐kala, Khiva. Paris: ICOMOS, 1990, 39). Following the fall of the Soviet Union, the entire Russian bloc faced issues arising from changing values and renewed identities, the speed of change and active vestiges of the past. The post‐USSR reaction in Central Asia was through a regenerated Timurid narrative in the inscription of World Heritage properties in Uzbekistan, particularly in Shakhrisyabz, Bukhara, and Samarkand. The shift from an emphasis on architectural monuments toward a broader recognition of the social, cultural, and economic processes in the conservation of urban values comes together with the need for integrative sustainable development. This is matched by a drive to adapt existing leftover planning policies from the Soviet regime by creating new tools to address this postcolonial national vision.
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Linn, Andrew, Anastasiya Bezborodova, and Saida Radjabzade. "Tolerance and Control. Developing a language policy for an EMI university in Uzbekistan." Sociolinguistica 34, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 217–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soci-2020-0013.
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AbstractThis article presents a practical project to develop a language policy for an English-Medium-Instruction university in Uzbekistan. Although the university is de facto English-only, it presents a complex language ecology, which in turn has led to confusion and disagreement about language use on campus. The project team investigated the experience, views and attitudes of over a thousand people, including faculty, students, administrative and maintenance staff, in order to arrive at a proposed policy which would serve the whole community, based on the principle of tolerance and pragmatism. After outlining the relevant language and educational context and setting out the methods and approach of the underpinning research project, the article goes on to present the key findings. One of the striking findings was an appetite for control and regulation of language behaviours. Language policies in Higher Education invariably fall down at the implementation stage because of a lack of will to follow through on their principles and their specific guidelines. Language policy in international business on the other hand is characterised by a control stage invariably lacking in language planning in education. Uzbekistan is a polity used to control measures following from policy implementation. The article concludes by suggesting that Higher Education in Central Asia may stand a better chance of seeing through language policies around English-Medium Instruction than, for example, in northern Europe, based on the tension between tolerance on the one hand and control on the other.
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BARUAH, MANJEET. "Assamese Language, Narrative and the Making of the North East Frontier of India: Beyond Regional Indian Literary Studies." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 2 (November 6, 2012): 652–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000716.
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AbstractThis paper is divided into two broad sections. The first section deals with the Brahmaputra Valley in Assam (north east India) and its transformation into a frontier in the nineteenth century. The section also deals with how this process was closely linked to the re-interpretation of the region's relationship with Indo-Gangetic culture, and the impact on development of the modern ‘Assamese’ language. The second section interprets modern Assamese novels in the light of the issues raised in the first section. It explores how issues such as indigeneity, the concept of India and modern Assamese language, share a relation of conflict in modern Assamese fiction. It is suggested in the conclusion that, due to such historical specificities, the language and narrative of the frontier require a specific regional approach, and should not be subsumed within larger frameworks such as ‘the nation’ or ‘South Asia’.
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Thomas, Edward H. "The politics of language in former colonial lands: a comparative look at North Africa and Central Asia." Journal of North African Studies 4, no. 1 (March 1999): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629389908718348.
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Brophy, David. "Taranchis, Kashgaris, and the ‘Uyghur Question’ in Soviet Central Asia." Inner Asia 7, no. 2 (2005): 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/146481705793646892.
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AbstractUp till now, the problem of Uyghur identity construction has been studied from an almost exclusively anthropological perspective. Little Western research has been done on the history of the Uyghur community in the Soviet Union during the period of national delimitation, and the process by which a re-invented ‘Uyghur’ identity was fostered among settled Turkicspeakers of East Turkestani origin. In this paper I have set out to trace some of the key events and debates which formed part of that process. In doing so I provide evidence that challenges certain aspects of the standard account of this period, in particular the role of the 1921 Tashkent conference. In 1921 the term ‘Uyghur’ was not used an ethnic designation, but as an umbrella term for various peoples with family roots in Eastern Turkestan. It was not until several years later that the term took its place beside other ethnonyms in the Soviet Union, provoking debate and opposition in the Soviet Uyghur press. This paper is largely based on the recently republished writings of leading Uyghur activists and journalists from the 1920s, and focuses on the role of the Uyghur Communist Abdulla Rozibaqiev. My paper attempts to demonstrate the importance of basing the study of Uyghur history on Uyghur language sources, rather than Russian or Chinese materials alone.
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Kerr, Ian J. "Representation and Representations of the Railways of Colonial and Post-Colonial South Asia." Modern Asian Studies 37, no. 2 (May 2003): 287–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x03002026.
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This paper offers a preliminary exploration of the multi-faceted ways in which the railways of South Asia have been represented in textual, aural and visual media. I do this despite my reservations about some representational-type studies presented via language and theories I find opaque. Nonetheless, I do want to signal that I am not a closed-minded trainspotter; I am not one of those railway historians a reviewer of Michael Freeman's Railways and the Victorian Imagination labelled ‘“trainspotters” to a man…combining the enthusiasms of the hobbyist and the econometrician in scholarly mimicry of that singular British type.’ The reviewer, of course, was referring to those railway devotees who haunt British railway stations desperately taking pictures of locomotives and recording their serial numbers and not to the alienated characters in a recent movie of similar name.
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Kapišovská, Veronika. "A Prince in the Body of a Parrot (Cuckoo)." Inner Asia 24, no. 2 (October 12, 2022): 303–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-02302031.
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Abstract The eighteenth-century Tibetan narrative The Tale of Moon Cuckoo and its subsequent adaptation as a Mongolian traditional opera was performed from the nineteenth century up to the early twentieth. The story is based on the motif of a prince who is tricked into entering the body of a cuckoo; later on, he is not able to regain his human form, stolen by his evil-minded companion. The narrative, along with its Mongolian-language versions and operatic adaptation, is a vivid example of Tibet-Mongolian literary transmission. The underlying motif of the tale is also closely linked to the so-called frame narratives of Indian origin concerning King Vikramāditya; the popularity of these narratives was very widespread in Central and Inner Asia in times past. This paper describes some of the literary contacts concerning the narrative and motifs of The Tale of Moon Cuckoo in Central and Inner Asia and beyond, with a view as well to cross-genre considerations.
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Kazimi, Parviz Firudin Oqlu. "Social and Cultural Features of Trilingual Creativity in Oriental Literature and the Work of Nizami Gandzhavi." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 9, no. 8 (August 24, 2021): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2021.v09i08.003.
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This article is aimed at examining the cultural, historical and sociological environment of the peoples known to us as medieval oriental literature - Anatolia, the South Caucasus, Iran and a large part of Central Asia, which created bilingual and trilingual literary examples in "Islamic" cultural geography. As a result of the subjective approach of a number of researchers to this process, incorrect, misleading and harmful terms and concepts were introduced, and we observe the trend of “brand” searches in the history of literature. R. Tagore (India), who wrote excellent works in English, Kafka (Israel), the author of valuable works in German, Nizami Ganjavi (Azerbaijan), who wrote important works in Persian and many others, do they express their national "belonging" in accordance with the language of the works? On the basis of this concept, an attempt is made to analyze the socio-cultural picture of medieval Islamic culture and to identify the "baseless terminology" (which has no scientific basis), to evaluate it on specific examples. The early Islamic culture, the stages of the introduction of the Arabic and Persian languages into everyday life and public life, the process of expanding the Islamic cultural environment as a folk, academic and poetic language are studied and analyzed. We also tried to provide a scientific answer to the erroneous judgments and analyzes of various researchers.
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Pošeiko, Solvita. "Pilsētu teksti kā autentiski materiāli kontekstualizētai latviešu valodas apguvei ārvalstu universitātēs." Valodu apguve: problēmas un perspektīva : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Language Acquisition: Problems and Perspective : conference proceedings, no. 16 (May 6, 2020): 25–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/va.2020.16.025.
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Latvian as a foreign language has been taught in different parts of the world since the beginning of the 20th century. Currently, Latvian is taught in some 20 foreign universities in Europe, Asia and the US. Introducing photos of written texts seen in Latvian cities is one way of showing students the authentic use of Latvian in public communication and of drawing their attention to the principles of creating certain types of texts, including typical language tools and their functionality. The paper has two interrelated aims: 1) to theoretically discuss the usefulness of authentic materials in foreign language teaching by focusing on the involvement of Latvian city texts in the process of learning Latvian as a foreign language; 2) to provide practical advice on how to select city texts and which language topics (grammar, vocabulary, style) teachers may find useful and to illustrate these suggestions with examples of exercises. The article first analyses the term authentic texts and elaborates on the most common assumptions about authentic materials in language education. Then there is a brief description of existing research on the use of linguistic landscape approaches and data in language learning. Considering the theories discussed by the researchers on the one hand and the practical experience of educators on the other hand, it is shown further which types of texts can be useful in teaching/learning Latvian as a foreign language abroad and how to best utilize them in one’s teaching work. At the end there is a summary with conclusions. The article concludes that photos with written city texts from Latvia allow students abroad to: - get acquainted with Latvian cities (architecture, planning, history, social life of inhabitants). - see authentic Latvian written usage alongside information in other languages. - pay attention to the principles of text types and the typical linguistic tools notable within them. - to improve and strengthen vocabulary (especially that related to cities and urban life) and grammar (individual forms of nouns, verbs and adverbs, word combinations, simple syntactic constructions). The use of city texts in the teaching process is related to the study of Latvian culture and public life, promotes awareness of the language situation in Latvian public communication, and encourages development of linguistic, multilingual, and pragmatic competence and textual literacy.
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Reeves, Jeffrey. "Structural Power, the Copenhagen School and Threats to Chinese Security." China Quarterly 217 (January 2, 2014): 140–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741013001458.
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AbstractThis article engages with current debates surrounding China's security by employing the concept of structural power and the Copenhagen School approach to security studies to measure threats to China's security. Building on existing Chinese and English language research on China's security drivers, the article develops a mechanism for determining how China's economic relations with small states in Asia negatively affect their domestic stability and how this instability then loops back to undermine China's strategic position. The article uses China's relations with Cambodia, Nepal and Mongolia as case studies.
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Kudinova, M. A. "Royal Palace of Nanyue Kingdom (Materials for the Educational Course “Archaeology of Foreign Asia”)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 21, no. 7 (September 7, 2022): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-7-9-24.
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Purpose is to present a description of the complex of archaeological sites associated with the palace complex of the Nanyue kingdom, and thereby emphasize the importance of regional centers in the formation of Chinese civilization and attract the attention to understudied topics. Results. The palace district in the capital of the Nanyue kingdom was located on the territory of Yuexiu district in Guangzhou, covering an area of approx. 400 000 sq. m. The complex included the remains of various buildings, household and waist pits, wells, a palace park with a pond and an artificial meandering stream. The nature of some earlier finds remains unclear (stilt dwellings or shipbuilding workshop). The palace complex was built no earlier than the 170s BC and existed until the fall of Nanyue in 111 BC. The palace park is one of the oldest monuments of landscape art in China; it probably served not only as a place for recreation and entertainment, but also as a space for ritual ceremonies.Conclusion. In matters of organizing the space of the palace district, the Nanyue elites were guided by the standards adopted in the capitals of the Qin and Han empires, adapting them to local conditions. The studied archaeological complexes demonstrate a high level of production technologies, urban planning and landscape art. One of the most promising areas of research is the analysis of the semantics of the spatial organization and architectural objects of the palace park.
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Furniss, Graham. "M. A. Smirnova, The Hausa Language: a descriptive grammar, trans. G. L. Campbell, Languages of Asia and Africa 5. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982, 112 pp." Africa 56, no. 4 (October 1986): 503–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160018.
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Stargardt, A. W. "The Emergence of the Asian System of Powers." Modern Asian Studies 23, no. 3 (July 1989): 561–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00009549.
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The ‘downward sweep’ of Japan after Pearl Harbor has been widely noted for its long-term effects in Southeast Asia. The rule of the established colonial masters was shattered, and those failing to escape disappeared into the camps of the Kempeitai. In Burma and Java, in particular, Japanese rule promoted local organizations, local administratiors, the indigenous language and, in Burma, a ‘national’ government and a ‘national’ army, under Japanese supervision: the one thing Japan did not bring was freedom and independence. Yet the greatly-increased social mobility and political, military and administrative experience had long-term consequences: none of the post-war attempts at colonial restoration proved viable.
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LEE, YU-KANG. "New Government, New Language? The Third Way Discourse in Taiwan." Modern Asian Studies 39, no. 3 (July 2005): 631–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x04001490.
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The Third Way started as an Anglo-American ideological and political venture. It was soon followed by major European leaders, among other worldwide government heads of state, who sought to emulate the result of a high command of electoral support and a resolution to the consequences of globalisation. Despite criticism by academics and commentators for having lack of content and substance, the Third Way appeared to be rather successful in recruiting allies, especially among Western democracies. Unlike other nations in East Asia, Taiwan is involved with this arguably prominent political project of the 21st century.The New Middle Way is not only the political idea that seemingly pushed Chen Shui-bian into office, but also appears to be the ideological foundation of his governance. This paper focuses on the political language of Chen in order to analyse and comprehend the implications of the New Taiwan Middle Way. One way to understand Chen's New Middle Way is to look into the language of the DPP, particularly of Chen. To get behind the rhetoric and decode the factual meanings of the discourse, a wide range of political speeches and texts are examined. By examining the New Taiwan Middle Way, we not only gain a different perspective on Chen's bid for the presidency, but also capture valuable insights into his governing approach.The paper argues that the effect of the New Taiwan Middle Way before the presidential election was to achieve the political objective of Chen Shui-bian. Though the DPP did not hold the majority of the seats in the Legislative Yuan prior to the December 2001 election, the New Middle Way may have served as symbolic means to an end to resolve the deadlock within the legislature. In these ways, the significance of the New Middle Way for Taiwan is to be concluded.
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Hiramoto, Mie, and Joseph Sung-Yul Park. "Anxiety, insecurity, and border crossing." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 24, no. 2 (December 22, 2014): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.24.2.001int.
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The modern conception of the self is grounded in stability and identity. Under this perspective, anxiety and insecurity of the border are only characteristic of peripheral communities. However, anxiety and insecurity are much more fundamental to linguistic life; heterogeneity of linguistic practice and our constant movement across communities, positions, categories, and identities mean that uncertainty and indeterminacy are just as salient in the way we use language. This special issue builds upon this insight to explore the subjectivities of border crossing in contexts of language contact under globalization. By bringing together studies that explore cases of language and cultural contact across the Asia-Pacific region from the perspective of anxiety and insecurity, it aims to highlight the importance of considering subjectivity in our analysis of language in globalization, and considers the new insights we may gain through an emphasis on the subjective dimensions of contact situations. Together, the contributions to the special issue identify three key issues for further research on the sociolinguistics of globalization: (1) the role of language ideologies in mediating experiences of transnationalism, (2) consequences of globally circulated semiotic resources on local articulations of subjectivities, and (3) the impact of neoliberal projects of social transformation upon our sense of self.