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1
Sneddon, J. N. "Teaching informal Indonesian." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 24, no. 2 (January 1, 2001): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.24.2.06sne.
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Abstract Of the Major Asian languages taught in Australia, Indonesian is the only one which exists in a diglossic situation, in which the language of everyday conversation is significantly different from the formal language. Indonesian language teaching in Australia concentrates largely on the ‘high’ form of the language; in most schools and universities the everyday variety is dealt with either superficially or not at all. As a result, most Australian learners develop no proficiency in this variety. Unlike the formal language, informal Indonesian is highly context-bound, with presuppositions and shared knowledge playing an essential role in conveying meaning. The paper looks at the preposition soma to demonstrate this distinction between formal and informal language. Using language appropriate to the situation is essential to ‘good manners’ and effective communication. Hence it is important to incorporate teaching of informal language into Indonesian courses, particularly the variety spoken by the Jakartan middle-class, which is acquiring status as a standard colloquial form of the language. It has as yet been subjected to very little study and as a result almost no materials are available for teaching it. Moreover, most non-native teachers have little or no knowledge of it. Only when descriptions of this variety are available can effective teaching be implemented.
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Gassin, June. "Innovations in university language teaching." Language Teaching and Learning in Australia 9 (January 1, 1992): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.9.02gas.
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University language teaching in Australia has undergone significant changes over the past few years in spite of considerable constraints. Many institutions have responded positively to the changing needs of their students with new courses, study abroad programs and summer schools. This paper focuses on some recent innovations taking place in language teaching at the University of Melbourne. These relate to both policy and practice and include the establishment of a School of Languages. Taken as a whole these innovations constitute an important step in the development of a coherent university language policy and provide new directions in language teaching at this University.
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Scarino, Angela. "A rationale for acknowledging the diversity of learner achievements in learning particular languages in school education in Australia." Describing School Achievement in Asian Languages for Diverse Learner Groups 35, no. 3 (January 1, 2012): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.35.3.01sca.
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In school languages education in Australia at present there is an increasing diversity of languages and learners learning particular languages that results from a greater global movement of students. This diversity builds on a long-established profile of diversity that reflects the migration history of Australia. It stands in sharp contrast to the force of standardisation in education in general and in the history of the development of state and national frameworks for the learning of languages K-12 in Australia and indeed beyond. These frameworks have characteristically generalised across diverse languages, diverse learner groups and diverse program conditions, in particular, the amount of time made available for language learning. In addition, in the absence of empirical studies of learner achievements in learning particular languages over time, the development of such frameworks has drawn primarily on internationally available language proficiency descriptions [such as the American Council for the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), the International Second Language Proficiency Rating Scale (ISLPR), and more recently the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)] that were developed primarily to serve reporting and credentialing rather than learning purposes. Drawing on a description of the current context of linguistic and cultural diversity and on a brief characterisation of the history of curriculum and assessment framework development for the languages area, I provide a rationale for acknowledging in the development and use of frameworks (i.e. descriptions of achievements) the diversity of languages that comprise the languages learning area in Australia and, in particular, the diverse learner groups who come to their learning with diverse experiences of learning and using particular languages. The Student Achievement in Asian Languages Education (SAALE) study provides an example of the development of descriptions of achievement that are sensitive to these dimensions of context. I discuss the rationale for such context-sensitive descriptions in relation to their potential purposes and uses at the language policy and planning and educational systems level, at the teaching and learning level, and in ongoing research.
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Napier, Jemina. "Training sign language interpreters in Australia." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 51, no. 3 (December 31, 2005): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.51.3.01nap.
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Abstract This paper describes an innovative approach to training sign language interpreters, through a program established at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia. The course is innovative because sign language and spoken language interpreting students jointly study key subjects, which enables all students to gain insight into the theoretical applications and professional practices of their respective working experiences. This component is particularly innovative as sign language interpreting programs are typically provided as language specific courses with little (if any) exposure to interpreting students of other languages. This paper will provide an overview of the program for both spoken and signed language interpreters, detailing the structure, content and delivery modes, with the aim of encouraging other interpreter educators to consider combining the teaching of all language interpreters.
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Moore, Paul J., and Adriana Díaz. "Conceptualizing language, culture and intercultural communication in higher education languages programs." Language and Intercultural Communication Pedagogies in Australian Higher Education 42, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 192–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.00024.moo.
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Abstract Languages curricula are an important, yet underutilized, site for students’ development of intercultural knowledge, awareness and skills in higher education, though there has been little related empirical research. Given the key role teachers play in student learning, in the context of two Australian universities, this study explores language teaching academics’ perspectives on language, culture and intercultural communication, and how these are reflected in their teaching approaches. As part of a larger needs analysis project into the teaching of languages and intercultural communication, this article reports on semi-structured interviews with ten academic staff engaged in teaching and/or researching languages, and one study abroad coordinator with a language teaching background. Interpretations of the key concepts varied, as did participants’ reported approaches to teaching, from critical to instrumental. Teachers’ interpretations and approaches were influenced by their teaching and learning histories, and while there were a range of approaches to the incorporation of the (inter)cultural in the teaching of languages, this was approached more critically than reported in previous studies. Contextual features which may limit such integration of language and culture are discussed, as is the contribution of languages teachers to students’ development of intercultural competence.
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Fhonna, Rahmi, and Yunisrina Qismullah Yusuf. "Indonesian Language Learning Methods in Australian Elementary Schools." Journal of Language and Education 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/jle.2020.10080.
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Previous studies have largely focused on the importance, problems, and challenges of teaching second languages in Australian schools, but very few have investigated the teaching methods used in the classroom to do so. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the methods applied by teachers who teach Indonesian as a second language in one of the public primary schools in South Australia to enable their Australian students to comprehend the instruction in the Indonesian class. The data were collected through observational field notes and video recordings of three class meetings from two teachers. Evidence gives validity to analysis, and thus the data were analysed using the transcription conventions as proposed by Burns, Joyce & Gollin (1996). The results showed that the most frequently used methods by the teachers in teaching Indonesian to the Early Year level students were TPR (total physical response) and GTM (grammar-translation method). TPR was useful as the act of moving around seemed to help the children remember the vocabulary. Furthermore, GTM helped the teachers clarify the meanings of words and sentences for the students by translating them into their first language, i.e. English. These methods were not taught in isolation but were integrated by the teachers with other methods such as the direct method and audio-lingual method. The reflection of this teaching practice is considered a worthwhile contribution for other teachers who are also teaching Indonesian in other countries and as additional insights to immerse themselves in their language teaching practice. Moreover, considering the benefits of becoming bilingual, such as in communication, culture, cognition, character, curriculum, and economy, schools should provide more training for teachers to help them be able to use the best techniques in teaching the second language to enable and empower them to integrate other languages into their classes.
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Ringel, Christina. "The Role of Country and Self-Determination in Revitalisation." Zeitschrift für Australienstudien / Australian Studies Journal 36 (2022): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35515/zfa/asj.36/2022.02.
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The UNESCO Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022-2032)is a good opportunity for shining a light on language endangerment in Australia. In this paper, I argue that many causes of endangerment can be traced back to a relocation of speakers of Indigenous languages from their traditional land. A case in point is the endangered language Miriwoong. The analysis of a case study with the Miriwoong people will demonstrate that both their traditional educational practices and several current revitalisation projects rely on access to traditional Country. Miriwoong is no longer transmitted in natural contexts, i.e. it is not spoken and learned in the family home. Thus, in order to achieve the goal of countering endangerment, the community needs the support that Australian governments can provide via the mainstream education system. For such projects to be effective, self-determination needs to be part of any policies concerning formal education. This ensures that traditional beliefs and practices, such as teaching ‘on Country’, can be properly incorporated.
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Vacca, Alessia. "Australia and Catalonia: a comparative study on the protection of minority languages from a legal standpoint. Education in the mother tongue. Is the language a factor of integration or a barrier?" Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri. Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics 2, no. 1 (June 17, 2011): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2011.2.1.22.
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This article is a comparative study of the education system in minority languages between Catalonia and Australia from a legal standpoint. Catalonia has a complex legislation: National Constitution, Statute of Autonomy, Regional Laws, a strong legal framework, a language always alive as a political instrumentto get the power. Australia has not a legal framework in this area and has a confused planning system. In Europe, the Council of Europe has been in charge of the protection of human rights.Australia signed and ratified some International Conventions which are not a strong legal basis to claim an education system in aborigines’ languages. The Catalan Law on Linguistic Normalizationn. 7 of 1983, replaced by the Law on Linguistic Policy n. 1 of1998, has, among the other purposes, also that to stimulate the use of Catalan as language of education in all levels of teaching.The school has a fundamental importance for the transmission of the culture of minorities. If the educational systems didn’t have any regime of teaching in the mother tongue all policies are not efficient.
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Liddicoat, Anthony J. "Culture for language learning in Australian language-in-education policy." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 28, no. 2 (January 1, 2005): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.28.2.03lid.
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Abstract Australia’s language-in-education policy documents have consistently included references to the place of ‘culture’ in language teaching. This paper seeks to examine how the major national policies conceptualise culture and interculturality in relation to languages education. For each policy, this study will analyse the language focus, the conceptualisation of the relationship between language and culture, the contexts in which the policy envisages cultural knowledge will be relevant, and the overall educative vision for language and culture learning. From these analyses it can be seen that successive policy documents have shifted the domain and purpose of interculturality and have constructed views of interculturality that are increasingly instrumentaly focused. The policies show a transformation from a humanistically focused construction of education and a view of languages as relevant to diversity, to an economically focused construction of education and a view of languages as capital for economic deployment. At the same time, they have preserved a largely static, information-focused construction of culture which is not consistent with the user-oriented policy goals.
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Zulferdi, Lazuar Azmi, and Nudia Imarotul Husna. "Exploring Intercultural Capability on Indonesian Teachers of English: A Narrative Study." JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies) 9, no. 2 (December 5, 2022): 411–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v9i2.544.
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This paper presents a study on the development of Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ intercultural capability in an overseas study program and its impacts on classroom English Language teaching practices. By using narrative inquiry as a research methodology, this study draws on the stories of two Indonesian EFL teachers’ experiences of intercultural learning during the master's degree program overseas. Data were gathered through semi-structured individual interviews with Indonesian EFL teachers who have completed Master of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) studies in Australia. Findings show that communication and cultural disequilibrium in an overseas study program plays a crucial role in the development of EFL teachers’ intercultural capability to enable them to develop their attributes from ethnocentrism to ethnorelativism. The findings also reveal that although the teachers become interculturally capable, the overseas study program does not necessarily contribute to their oral English skill development. As a further result, this study reveals that the development of the teachers’ intercultural capability affects their subsequent classroom English teaching practices in a way that they begin to employ dialogical communication and interaction by reflecting on their past experiences.
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Li, Xinxin, and Hui Huang. "“No” — A Case Study in Corrective Feedback in a Secondary Chinese Language Classroom in Australia." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 8, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0806.02.
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Corrective feedback has been studied for decades in classrooms both for children and adults. Among different subjects, language learning, especially second language (L2) learning is one of the significant targets of corrective feedback studies. Compared to English and other European languages, however, Chinese as L2 classroom has get little attention. This paper investigates what types of corrective feedback (CF) a teacher of Chinese working at a secondary school in Melbourne provided to what kinds of errors made by students, and the effectiveness of each CF type. The data was obtained from 2 random lessons and the parts involving CF were transcribed to further analyze. The results suggest that Chinese beginners made more mistakes in pronunciation and vocabulary than in grammar, however, the teacher provided feedback to all of the lexical and grammatical errors, ignoring nearly half of the phonological mistakes. In addition, the overall effectiveness of CF was not satisfactory, especially for elicitations and recasts, which were used the most commonly by the teacher. Some pedagogical implications for Chinese teaching and Chinese teacher training are also provided.
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O'Sullivan, Patrick, and Judith Maitland. "Greek and Latin Teaching in Australian and New Zealand Universities: A 2005 Survey." Antichthon 41 (2007): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066477400001787.
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The study of Latin and Ancient Greek at tertiary level is crucial for the survival of Classics within the university sector. And it is not too much to say that the serious study of Greco-Roman antiquity in most, if not all, areas is simply impossible without the ancient languages. They are essential not just for the broad cross-section of philological and literary studies in poetry and prose (ranging at least from Homer to the works of the Church Fathers to Byzantine Chroniclers) but also for ancient history and historiography, philosophy, art history and aesthetics, epigraphy, and many branches of archaeology. In many Classics departments in Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere, enrolments in non-language subjects such as myth, ancient theatre or epic, or history remain healthy and cater to a broad public interest in the ancient Greco-Roman world. This is, of course, to be lauded. But the status of the ancient languages, at least in terms of enrolments, may often seem precarious compared to the more overtly popular courses taught in translation. Given the centrality of the ancient languages to our discipline as a whole, it is worth keeping an eye on how they are faring to ensure their prosperity and longevity.
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Beykont, Zeynep F. "‘Why didn’t they teach us any of this before?’." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 35, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 156–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.35.2.02bey.
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This article examines youth assessment of the quality and success of languages provision. The discussion draws on data collected from students and graduates of Victoria’s 16 secondary Turkish programs in large-scale surveys (n=858) and follow-up interviews (n=177). Surveys revealed that upper secondary Turkish classrooms serve predominantly Australian-born Turkish students. Nine out of ten respondents rated their English language and literacy skills considerably higher than Turkish despite regular Turkish exposure beyond school, an average of four years of Turkish study, and a positive orientation toward Turkish maintenance in Australia. Thematic interview analyses indicated that informants found classes beneficial in expanding contexts and purposes of Turkish use, improving Turkish fluency and understanding, broadening cultural knowledge, deepening communication with family, creating a sense of belonging to the larger Turkish community, and helping students prepare for the comprehensive language exam. Across all sites, student motivation and learning were adversely affected by increasingly heterogeneous class composition and a lack of a cohesive Turkish-as-a-second-language curriculum. Youth recommendations included redesigning the curriculum to teach Turkish language and literacy skills systematically, emphasizing literacy development throughout the program, parallel teaching of Turkish and English writing styles, enhancing professional development, improving school outreach, and establishing prerequisites to prolong student participation.
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Elder, Cathie, Jane Warren, John Hajek, Diane Manwaring, and Alan Davies. "Metalinguistic knowledge." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.22.1.04eld.
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Abstract This paper reports on a project (funded by a small Australian Research Council grant) investigating levels of metalinguistic knowledge of English and other languages amongst first-year undergraduate learners of French, Chinese and Italian and the relationship between this knowledge and success in studying a language at university. The study is a partial replication of research undertaken by Alderson, Clapham and Steel (1977) in relation to learners studying French at a number of British universities. The findings offer no support for the widely-held view that there is a strong connection between learners’ knowledge about language and their success in foreign language study. Results show that, while undergraduate language learners have serious lacunae in their knowledge about language, those who have studied a language other than English (LOTE) at school do better on some measures of metalinguistic knowledge than those who are beginning language study from scratch. However, the results also show that for all three languages there is a weak relationship between metalinguistic knowledge and second language ability. The study points to areas of further research, including a more detailed examination of the relationship between metalinguistic awareness in L1 and L2 and an investigation of those areas of grammar that may be more amenable to explicit grammar teaching.
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Zhong, Yong, and Francis R. Low. "Multiple instructions in communicative language teaching." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics. Series S 12 (January 1, 1995): 250–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.12.15zho.
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Abstract Chinese language teaching in Australia is characterised by the communicative approach emphasising interactive activities like role-plays. However, we observed that communicative learning is not always practised to the desired extent. Based on Strauss and Corbin’s (1990) grounded theory model of qualitative research methodology, an investigation involving seventeen upper level students at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) was undertaken to identify obstacles impeding communicative learning. One of the major problems identified in the present study is the use of multiple instructions by some Chinese language instructors and Chinese text-books which contradicts the philosophy of communicative teaching. The themes arising from the data analysis formed the frame of the present article which discusses types of problem instructions, their effects on students trying to complete communicative activities and students’ management of them. The study concludes with a suggestion that multiple instructions be improved in structure and delivery mode in order to make language learning more achievable.
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Formentelli, Maicol, and John Hajek. "Address practices in academic interactions in a pluricentric language." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 631–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.26.4.05for.
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Following the recent development of address research in pluricentric languages (Clyne et al. 2006), the present study describes address practices in English-speaking academic settings and pursues two main objectives: (a) to provide a profile of address patterns in academic interactions in Australian English; and (b) to compare address practices in higher education across the three dominant varieties of English, namely American English, Australian English, and British English. The data on Australian English are drawn from 235 questionnaires completed by students, who reported on the address strategies adopted by students and teaching staff in classroom interactions in an Australian university. Data on American and British academic settings were retrieved from the research literature on the topic. The findings show a high degree of informality and familiarity in student-teacher relations in Australia, where reciprocal first names are the default pattern of address at all levels. By contrast, in American academia the hierarchical organization of roles and the different professional positions are foregrounded and reinforced through an asymmetrical use of titles, honorifics and first names. Finally, the British university setting displays a non-reciprocal usage of first names and titles between lecturer and students, which gradually evolves into a more generalised reciprocal use of first names, usually after extended contact and collaboration. We argue that the distinctive patterns of address observed in the three varieties of English reflect diverse social and cultural values systems at work in different speech communities.
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He, Juan, and Huaying Liao. "The Study of Language Policy in Education in the Context of Belt and Road—The Contrast on Language Education Policy between China and Australia." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1011.22.
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The language education policy is closely related to economic development, cultural communication and language strategy. This is a contrast on language policy in education between China and Australia in terms of subjective language, ethnic minority language and foreign language education. Some suggestions on language policy implement including language protection, comprehensive foreign language teaching system and internet advantages are given, in order to be beneficial for future study.
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Kwee, Ching Ting Tany. "Chinese Immigrant Teachers’ Motivation for Teaching Heritage Language in Australia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Instruction 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16119a.
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Cruickshank, Ken. "Creating pathways for internationally educated teachers into the teaching profession: Practices, policies and problems in the Australian context." European Educational Research Journal 21, no. 2 (October 6, 2021): 230–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14749041211048983.
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The diversity of teachers is half that of the student population in Australia. Despite government policies to support internationally trained teachers (ITTs), there remain major structural and institutional barriers working against access to the profession: an information gap, the lack of professional advice, the absence of programmes to help teachers gain accreditation and the lack of mentoring or support programmes. This paper focuses on ITTs undertaking volunteer teaching in community languages schools; these are community-run organisations where over 100,000 children across Australia learn their home language. These sites were selected as they represent a key pathway into further study and employment for ITTs. Findings are drawn from online survey ( n=954) and interviews ( n=62) exploring professional strengths, needs and experiences. The key finding is the exclusion and ‘problematisation’ of ITTs, rather than recognition of the social, educational and economic benefits represented by this group. The article explores recent government-funded provision of pathways to teacher accreditation and the extent to which these address the barriers identified. There is a discussion of how such a model may be embedded in mainstream teacher education pathways.
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Doe, Peter Edward, Sarah Lyden, Seeta Jaikaran-Doe, and Xiaolin Wang. "Enhancing Chinese Students’ Learning in an Australian 2+2 Undergraduate Engineering Program." International Journal of Higher Education 7, no. 5 (September 26, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v7n5p86.
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Undergraduate engineering units (subjects) are delivered by Australian academics at two universities in China over a three-week period. Students may choose to transfer to the Australian university to complete the final two years of the Bachelor of Engineering with Honours degree (2+2 program). The aim of this study is to determine what strategies are most effective for the Australian university academics to adopt for effective delivery of engineering units at Chinese universities. A mixed methods approach was applied to in-class feedback and student surveys. Three major themes: Language, Learning and Social were identified. These themes were further explored in a quantitative survey of Chinese students newly-arrived in Australia in 2016. Successful strategies for delivering engineering units included referring questions to discussion groups; students explaining difficult concepts to other students; writing key words on the board and flash cards. The principal concern for students before they transferred to Australia was the teaching and learning style of the Australian university academics. However, English language proficiency was the major concern for students transferred to Australia. The strategy for improving Chinese students’ engagement and learning outcomes should focus on additional support both in China and Australia.
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Djafar, Neni. "Indonesia Master of Education Student’s Perceptions of Their Experience in Learning Tesol in the Tertiary Context in Australia." Jurnal Pendidikan 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36232/pendidikan.v7i1.209.
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The aim of research study is to investigate the manner how experience in learning TESOL in tertiary context in Australia impacts on Indonesian M.Ed Students’ perception in the English language learning and in the English language teaching in their context. Although there have been many studies conducted with regard to the perceptions of international students with non-English backgrounds from Asian countries, there is no specific study yet conducted pertaining to how experience in learning TESOL in tertiary context in Australia impacts on Indonesian M.Ed Students’ perception in the English language learning and in the English language teaching in their context. The method used to collect data from the participants of the study consisting of eight of them is an individual semi-structured interview with openended questions and descriptive thematic analysis to analyze the data to generate the result of the study.
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Devina, Devina, and Santiago Varona-Domblas. "LINGUISTIC PROFICIENCY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SCAFFOLDING: A SPANISH TEACHER’S BELIEFS AND PRACTICES IN AUSTRALIA." SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 1, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/saga.2020.11.29.
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In determining the implementation and execution of the classroom activities, the teacher’s beliefs plays an important role as one of the fundamental aspects of language teaching. In-depth, the beliefs also influence the learner’s competency and the achievement of learning outcomes. This research aims at observing the beliefs of a Spanish language teacher in a private language school in Australia. Data were gathered through interview and classroom observations. The interview was designed to explore the teacher’s beliefs regarding the language learning approach. Furthermore, the classroom observations were conducted through 1) complete observer observation and 2) complete participants observation. They were carried out to see to what extent the teacher implemented the beliefs into action. Pre-classroom questionnaires on the learner’s background were distributed to know the learners’ background. In the era where communicative approach becomes the axis of language teaching, this study suggests “scaffolding” as an alternative approach to language teaching. The finding indicates that some primary factors affecting the teacher to hold his beliefs are: limited classroom duration, small class size, and the condition of Spanish as a foreign language (FL) in Australia – where learning resources are limited. In the learning condition where the target language (TL) resources found to be scarce, this ‘scaffolding’ approach successfully and effectively equips learners with adequate knowledge of Spanish. Taking the ‘scaffolding’ as the major foundation to develop learners’ linguistic proficiency, this research provides insight regarding the use of ‘scaffolding’ toward language teaching and learning.
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Hidayat, Didin Nuruddin. "Conversation Analysis and Its Implications to Language Teaching." TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 6, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v6i2.15138.
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AbstractThe present study analyzed the use of Conversation Analysis in casual conversation and how it can serve as a potential means in language teaching. Casual conversation concerns the type of conversation that people do when they talk just for the sake of talking (Eggins & Slade, 1997). This includes daily conversations among people. Employing a qualitative research methodology, data were taken from a casual conversation taking place in Australia regarding a birthday party preparation between a husband and a wife whose native language is Bahasa Indonesia. Data were first transcribed in Bahasa Indonesia using CA conventions, and then were translated into English. The transcription of the conversation attempted to follow the guidelines proposed by Cook (1990) and Bailey (2008). The study found that turn-taking systems, adjacency pairs, overlaps, response tokens, and repairs were evident from the analysis of conversation. The conversation confirms the theories of CA: the occurrence of a large number of response tokens, such as mm hm or yes, various types of adjacency pairs, each speaker speaks one at a time even though there are several gaps and overlaps, and so forth. The study drew the implication of CA to language teaching. CA contributes to language teaching in terms of offering not only the authentic real-life communication, but also the authentic spoken interaction which will encourage learners to be able to produce authentic utterances. Also, CA can serve as a potential means to shape the students’ ability as active participants in the learning process.AbstrakStudi ini menganalisis penggunaan Analisis Percakapan (Conversation Analysis, selanjutnya CA) dalam percakapan kasual dan mengulas bagaimana CA dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana yang potensial untuk dipergunakan dalam pengajaran bahasa. Percakapan kasual diartikan sebagai jenis percakapan yang dilakukan orang ketika mereka berbicara dengan topik sehari-hari (Eggins & Slade, 1997). Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan mengambil data dari percakapan kasual antara suami istri yang berlangsung di Australia mengenai persiapan pesta ulang tahun. Bahasa ibu para pembicara adalah Bahasa Indonesia. Data pertama-tama ditranskripsikan dalam Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan konvensi CA, dan kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris. Transkripsi percakapan mengikuti panduan Cook (1990) dan Bailey (2008). Studi ini menemukan bahwa sistem turn-taking, adjacency pairs, overlaps, token response, dan repair terbukti dari analisis percakapan. Hasil penelitian mengkonfirmasi teori-teori CA: terjadinya sejumlah besar token response, seperti mm hm atau ya, berbagai jenis adjacency pairs, masing-masing pembicara berbicara satu per satu walaupun ada beberapa celah dan overlaps, dan sebagainya. Studi ini juga menggali implikasi CA terhadap pengajaran bahasa. CA berkontribusi pada pengajaran bahasa dalam hal menawarkan tidak hanya komunikasi kehidupan nyata yang otentik, tetapi juga interaksi lisan yang otentik yang akan mendorong peserta didik untuk dapat menghasilkan ucapan-ucapan otentik. Selain itu, CA dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana potensial membentuk kemampuan siswa untuk berperan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran.How to Cite: Hidayat, D. N. (2019). Conversation Analysis and Its Implications to Language Teaching . TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(2), 197-209. doi:10.15408/tjems.v6i2. 15138.
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Abayadeera, Nadana, Dessalegn Getie Mihret, and Jayasinghe Hewa Dulige. "Acculturation of non-native English-speaking teachers in accounting: an ethnographic study." Accounting Research Journal 33, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-01-2017-0005.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine ethnographic evidence on the acculturation of non-native English-speaking teachers in accounting (ANNESTs) in an Australian university to understand the process, strategies and outcomes of the acculturation process. Design/methodology/approach Ethnographies of five ANNESTs representing diverse cultural backgrounds were studied. Data were collected from publicly available sources and informal discussions supplemented by semi-structured interviews. Findings The findings show that integration – that is, learning and participating in the Australian host culture while maintaining original cultural values – is the most popular acculturation strategy, followed by assimilation, whereby ANNESTs interact primarily with the host culture and retain loose links with their original culture. ANNESTs covered in this study fall into different stages of the acculturation process depending on their English language competency, the extent of contact with native Australians, cultural proximity and length of residence in Australia. Practical implications This paper concludes that challenges of acculturation confronting ANNESTs concern broader cultural issues than language proficiency alone. Institutional support directed at enhancing teaching effectiveness of ANNESTs should be devised from this perspective. Originality/value Given the cultural relevance of accounting systems and the influence of culture on the learning and teaching styles of ANNEST, the study illuminates that ANNEST’s acculturation strategies could facilitate or hinder the ANNEST’s speed of cultural understanding necessary to productively engage in the learning and teaching.
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Ren, Guanxin. "Can Cloze Tests Really Improve Second Language Learners Reading Comprehension Skills?" Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC) 8, no. 4 (April 8, 2011): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/tlc.v8i4.4197.
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Cloze testing is a widely-used procedure to test learners reading comprehension in learning a language, but little is known if it can really improve learners reading comprehension skills. This paper attempts to seek answers to this question by comparing the cloze test scores of two groups of students (Experimental versus Control) undertaking Chinese Second Language (CSL) and measuring their Z-score differences. The paper intends to find out if the Experimental Group which received one cloze test per week for a whole school term of 10-week duration could achieve better reading comprehension test results than the Control Group which received no extra cloze tests in between the first and last week of the term. The subjects were 26, Year 10 students aged between 14-15 years old from an independent K-12 boys school in Melbourne, Australia. They were randomly divided into two separate groups with identical proficiency level in CSL. The cloze tests selected for this study were from the textbook series entitled Boya Chinese-Elementary Start Vol.2 (Li, et al., 2005), which were appropriate to the proficiency level of the subjects. Data were collected in class after each cloze test. Analysis of the data was conducted at the inter-group level examining the standard deviation and Z-scores of each group. The study found that there was not much difference between the two groups. Implications for teaching reading in CSL were discussed, which could also apply to the teaching of reading in other Languages Other Than English (LOTE).
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Fan, Jie. "Chinese ESL Learners’ Perceptions of English Language Teaching and Learning in Australia." English Language Teaching 12, no. 7 (June 20, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n7p139.
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In recent decades, with the rapid economic development of China, there has been a large influx of Chinese students into Western countries to pursue their studies. Empirical research reveal that some students encounter linguistic and academic challenges, and find it difficult to adapt to the Western learning environment. Adopting a qualitative approach, this research examines how Chinese ESL learners perceive English language teaching in Australia and the learning difficulties they face. By doing so, it seeks to help instructors make informed pedagogical decisions and assist learners in addressing these difficulties. Ten Chinese students who were or have been enrolled in a university English language program participated in interviews. The findings reveal that the participants show highly positive attitudes toward the communicative approach, and mostly favor grammar instruction within communicative practice. The learning difficulties they experience are mostly influenced by their prior exposure to Chinese teaching and learning styles. The study suggests that teachers should be aware of learners’ needs and prior learning experiences, so that they could engage in more effective interventions, and assist learners in developing their own learning strategies in the academic adaptation.
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Iwashita, Noriko, and Sachiyo Sekiguchi. "Effects of learner background on the development of writing skills in Japanese as a second language." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 3.1–3.20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0903.
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The paper presents preliminary findings of a project which investigated whether learner background, in terms of instruction mode (i.e., school or intensive first-year course at university) and first language (i.e., character based or non-character based), has an impact on the development of writing skills in Japanese as a second language (JSL). Many students in second-year Japanese at university are post-secondary (i.e., they completed Year 12 Japanese at school). They are in class with students who started Japanese at university (i.e., are post-beginners). The intensity of instruction that the two groups have received is very different. A large number of the students learning Japanese at tertiary institutions in Australia are also native speakers of character-based languages (e.g., Chinese). Although there is a substantial volume of studies comparing the effects of instruction mode on L2 development, little is known of how instruction mode and L1 background together may affect L2 development in adult L2 learning settings. The data for the present study include writing samples collected on two occasions from 34 students from a variety of backgrounds. The samples were analysed in terms of length, grammatical complexity and schematic structures, use of kanji (Chinese characters), and vocabulary. The results were compared in terms of study experience and first language. In general, the performance of post-beginner learners from character-based language backgrounds was higher on kanji use and a few other areas, but their superior performance was derived from the interaction of two background factors (L1 and study background). The results show complexity in how different backgrounds affect L2 writing task performance. The study has strong pedagogical implications for teaching a character-based language to students from diverse study backgrounds.
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Iwashita, Noriko, and Sachiyo Sekiguchi. "Effects of learner background on the development of writing skills in Japanese as a second language." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 1 (2009): 3.1–3.20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.32.1.01iwa.
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The paper presents preliminary findings of a project which investigated whether learner background, in terms of instruction mode (i.e., school or intensive first-year course at university) and first language (i.e., character based or non-character based), has an impact on the development of writing skills in Japanese as a second language (JSL). Many students in second-year Japanese at university are post-secondary (i.e., they completed Year 12 Japanese at school). They are in class with students who started Japanese at university (i.e., are post-beginners). The intensity of instruction that the two groups have received is very different. A large number of the students learning Japanese at tertiary institutions in Australia are also native speakers of character-based languages (e.g., Chinese). Although there is a substantial volume of studies comparing the effects of instruction mode on L2 development, little is known of how instruction mode and L1 background together may affect L2 development in adult L2 learning settings. The data for the present study include writing samples collected on two occasions from 34 students from a variety of backgrounds. The samples were analysed in terms of length, grammatical complexity and schematic structures, use of kanji (Chinese characters), and vocabulary. The results were compared in terms of study experience and first language. In general, the performance of post-beginner learners from character-based language backgrounds was higher on kanji use and a few other areas, but their superior performance was derived from the interaction of two background factors (L1 and study background). The results show complexity in how different backgrounds affect L2 writing task performance. The study has strong pedagogical implications for teaching a character-based language to students from diverse study backgrounds.
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Chen, Hui, David van Reyk, Jorge Reyna, and Brian G. Oliver. "A comparison of attitudes toward remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic between students attending a Chinese and an Australian campus." Advances in Physiology Education 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00141.2021.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has been a strong driver for moving more teaching and learning activities online. Border restrictions have had a severe impact on international students either hoping to enroll in courses offered in Australia or continue with such courses if they are already enrolled. The online learning experience is likely different between students onshore and offshore. This study took a unique opportunity to investigate any such differences in students’ attitudes toward remote learning, necessitated by the pandemic, by comparing two cohorts of students, Australia versus China based. An anonymous survey using the Likert Scale and open-ended questions was available for student feedback on subject delivery. The students based in Australia expressed a preference for remote learning due to the convenience of attendance and availability of the video recordings. However, students in China had a strong preference for face-to-face sessions, with the lack of prior experience in an English-speaking learning environment and hesitance to speak with the lecturers and engage in the learning activities possible reasons for this. In quizzes, students in Australia performed better than those in China regardless of local or international student status. This difference may be due to the Australian-based students’ prior experience of English-speaking environments and open-book quizzes. In conclusion, remote learning in a familiar language and learning environment is accepted by students, whereas if the teaching is delivered in a second language using unfamiliar teaching methods, remote learning will require additional scaffolding to enhance their learning experience.
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O’Neill, Fiona, Jonathan Crichton, and Angela Scarino. "Developing intercultural learning capabilities." Language and Intercultural Communication Pedagogies in Australian Higher Education 42, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.00021.one.
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Abstract This paper reports on a semester-long study that explored the experience of a group of local and international students from multiple disciplines, and their teachers, in a core Intercultural Communication undergraduate course of 550 students in which there is an orientation to learning, teaching and assessment that seeks to develop students’ intercultural learning capabilities. To capture the experience of learning, teaching and assessment in a highly diverse Australian university, data were collected over the life cycle of the course. The research design was ethnographic and collaborative, involving the research team, members of the teaching staff, and members of the university’s learning and teaching unit. The data include interviews with students and teachers, students’ written assessments, and observations of weekly teaching staff meetings. The overarching finding of the study is that, to enable students to develop their intercultural learning capabilities, there is a need to rethink notions of experience and engagement, specifically to attend to the central role of language/s and culture/s in all students’ experience of learning, teaching, and assessment. Analysed examples from the data are used to illustrate four specific guiding principles underpinning this (re)orientation to learning. The study was one of two case studies funded by the University of South Australia as part of a larger project: Developing English Language and Intercultural Learning Capabilities.1
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Gao, Xiaoping. "Teachers’ perceptions of effective strategies for developing intercultural competence." Global Chinese 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2020-0017.
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Abstract How to effectively integrate culture into second language teaching has long been of concern in foreign language education. Despite advances in theory and practice for intercultural language teaching, there has been little research to investigate factors influencing teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and perceptions. This study addresses this gap by examining teachers’ perceptions of effective strategies that foster students’ intercultural competence in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language and factors influencing their beliefs. Twenty-nine school and university teachers in Australia completed a survey and a focus group interview. Quantitative analyses revealed that teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the strategies varied despite an overall positive attitude towards the teaching of culture. Their beliefs were significantly influenced by their years of teaching experience, educational setting, and native language, but not by gender, age group and educational backgrounds. Qualitative analyses attribute the inconsistency in teacher perceptions to teachers’ disparate conceptualisations of culture, teaching experiences, and educational contexts associated with different curricular and pedagogical requirements and learner characteristics. The findings reinforce the necessity for providing teachers with professional training, along with pedagogical guidance and resources in order to facilitate their intercultural language teaching practices.
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Santos, Luis Miguel Dos. "I Want to Teach in the Regional Areas: A Qualitative Study about Teachers’ Career Experiences and Decisions in Regional Australia." Journal of Educational and Social Research 11, no. 5 (September 5, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0103.
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The Australian government seeks to develop regional and rural communities and school systems. One of the challenges would be the human resources and workforce for registered and qualified teachers, particularly in the field of Languages Other Than English (LOTE). Based on social cognitive career theory (Dos Santos, 2021a; Lent et al., 1994), this study focused on the career perspectives and career decision-making processes of registered and qualified teachers in the field of Languages Other Than English (LOTE). The following research question guided the direction of this study, why would registered and qualified teachers in the Languages Other Than English (LOTE) field (i.e. foreign languages) decide to move to Australian regional and rural communities to develop their teaching career? With the general inductive approach, 18 participants were invited for the interview sessions and focus group activities. The results of this study indicated that missions and goals for development in the regional and rural communities and governmental encouragement for regional and rural developments are the two personal consideration elements. The sharing and comments become a blueprint for government agencies, school leaders, and policymakers to reform the current human resources plans and schemes to attach additional workforce to the regional and rural communities, particularly for teachers. Received: 20 May 2021 / Accepted: 13 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
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Chakma, Urmee. "Fitting In and Fighting Out." Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 8, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v8i1.602.
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This study explores and problematises the various challenges six non-native English-Speaking Teachers (NNESTs) faced in the ESL teaching profession. The purpose of this study was to increase an in-depth understanding of non-native English speaking teachers in terms of their perceived and actual employability, students’ perceptions of them, and the discriminatory practices they are often reported to be subjected to in the ESL industry in Australia. The number of international students studying ESL at Australian language centres has increased significantly in recent years and a concurrent increase in trained NNESTs seeking employment in these centres necessitates this study. The findings revealed that the participants still face challenges to some extent in the ESL teaching profession in Melbourne and their teaching approaches are impacted by their linguistic and educational experiences. The study also found that, contrary to popular belief, NNESTs do not use the so-called ‘traditional’ teaching approaches while teaching, despite their own learning of English through such approaches. As well, far from seeing it as a disadvantage, these teachers often utilise their non-native status as a positive source of inspiration to encourage ‘non-native’ students in the classroom. As data in the study indicates, the participants’ pedagogical approaches have been influenced by their past linguistic, educational, and cultural experiences, this understanding will help these programs become better attuned to teachers’ experiences and backgrounds and encourage NNES future teachers to examine their varied experiences in relation to theories of language acquisition, language teaching and curriculum design.
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Pablos-Ortega, Carlos de. "Thank you for a lovely day! Contrastive Thanking in Textbooks for Teaching English and Spanish as Foreign Languages." Pragmática Sociocultural / Sociocultural Pragmatics 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 150–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soprag-2015-0023.
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AbstractThanking, as other speech acts such as apologizing or requesting, can be performed in numerous contexts and, for their analysis, many crucial variables must be taken into consideration (eg. social distance, gender, age, etc.), which often are difficult to control. Besides these variables, speech acts are carried out in different situations, taking into account the culture in which they are performed. For example, thanking might be performed after alighting a bus in the UK, the USA or Australia, but this might not necessarily happen in Spain. The aim of the study on which this paper is based, in to explore thanking contrastively in British English and in Peninsular Spanish from a pragmatic viewpoint, by looking at specific independent variables: the context and situation in which this speech act is performed, the relationship between the interlocutors who perform it, which includes social power and distance, and the reason for expressing gratitude. For the purpose of this investigation, a corpus of 128 textbooks (64 for each language) for the learning and teaching of Spanish and English as foreign languages was used. It is important to note that, although these corpora are built on prefabricated dialogues and these can be regarded as abstractions of reality, the communicative situations found in the textbooks are aimed at depicting exchanges and linguistic patterns representing what naturally occurs in real conversations in both cultures.
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Oliver, Rhonda, Ellen Grote, Judith Rochecouste, and Mike Exell. "Addressing the Language and Literacy Needs of Aboriginal High School VET Students who Speak SAE as an Additional Language." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 41, no. 2 (December 2012): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2012.23.
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Vocational Education and Training (VET) in high schools has had positive effects on the retention of Indigenous students, providing important pathways into further education and the workforce. However, low-level literacy (and numeracy) skills can make successful completion difficult, especially for students who speak Standard Australian English as an additional language or dialect. This article describes research undertaken to inform the development of a second language and literacy needs analysis model designed for high school VET teachers to address the needs of Indigenous students. The study draws on second language acquisition research, which demonstrates the value of using tasks as the basis for language teaching syllabus design, with needs analysis as a fundamental aspect of this. The project centred on Aboriginal high school VET students from remote and rural communities in Western Australia, who speak English as an additional language/dialect. Data collected included: individual and focus group interviews, training materials, and observation field notes on the language and literacy practices in classrooms and workplaces. The major findings focus on the development of oral language (for both job-oriented and social interactions in the workplace) and literacy skills, as well as the need to overcome ‘shame’ and develop confidence for speaking to non-Aboriginal people.
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Choi, Julie, and Ulrike Najar. "Immigrant and Refugee Women’s Resourcefulness in English Language Classrooms: Emerging possibilities through plurilingualism." Literacy and Numeracy Studies 25, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v25i1.5789.
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Reports on refugee and migrant women in Australia show these women have low literacy in their first language, limited English language abilities, and minimal formal schooling. With major funding cuts to the adult migrant education sector and persistent public ‘deficit views’ of immigrant and refugee’s levels of literacy, approaches to teaching and learning in this sector require flexible views of language that embrace plurilingualism as a valuable resource within and outside of the socially-orientated ESL classroom. In this article, we present and discuss our findings from a study in which we co-taught English to immigrant and refugee women in a housing estate in Melbourne, Australia, and investigated the effects of a plurilingual view on the women’s English language learning experience and communication skills. Drawing on recorded classroom dialogues, observation notes, and worksheets produced by the women, we demonstrate the extraordinary plurilingual resourcefulness immigrant and refugee women bring to the challenge of learning to communicate in English. Our aim is not to promote a particular teaching approach, but to suggest the value of ongoing critical reflection on the underpinning ideas of plurilingualism for immigrant and refugee learner groups such as those we experienced in our own classroom interactions.
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Romero Villarroel, Wilber, and Sara Camacho Estrada. "THE USE OF STANDARDIZED ENGLISH EXAMS IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE." Ciencia Digital 2, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 484–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33262/cienciadigital.v2i2.115.
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Have you heard of the ITEP/TOEIC/TSE/BULLATS/TOEFL/CELTA/DELTA exams? Among many others, these exams are currently being promoted not only by educative institutions, but by a large number of local governments and even international relationship instances (Bunce, 2016). On this regard, it is imperative to wonder and analyze how the idea of taking language exams became into fashion and at what moment in history it became into a necessity, a requirement, or as synonym of social and academic status. On such basis this study aims at determining how the implementation of English international tests have contributed in the spread of English globally.
The spread of the English language globally has occurred because of different factors. Clyne (2008) regards the demographic aspect as an important element for the growth and rapid evolution of this language. The effect of the use of the English language has reached almost all the areas of human domain such as the educational. The spread in this area has determined the future of many countries.
On the field of education, a standardized visible system is clearly set. Most of the books and material used to teach English are based on the Common European Framework. This framework stablishes the standardization of teaching contents and methodologies which are later used and applied into exams to evaluate students´ English language proficiency around the world.
CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) programs have been implemented in schools in many countries of the world like Asia, Australia and Europe. “In recent years, LAC and CLIL are gaining intense attention particularly in context where English is learnt as a foreign language or as an international language” (Lin, 2016, p.1). Lin regards this implementation to the desire of countries like the Asian for becoming modern and take part in the development of a global economy.
When comparing English with other languages it can be said that it is the pioneer in standardizing a language. According to Mulcaster (as cited by Crystal, 2003, p. 73) the English language had no competence internationally. If we take a look at other languages trying to do the same, it can be seen that they have not become as successful as English. It does not matter if those systems are better, they simply have not been able to reach that level of internationalization. The important fact here is that those countries in these case languages do not have the economic, political power, and the influence that The United States has.
According to Sharifian (2010, p.192) the English language dominance originated along the colonialism period. Phillipson (as cited in Sharifian, 2010) explains that “many elites in society have strong links with the inner circle because they have been educated in inner circle countries”. The inner circle is referred to countries where the English language is spoken as a mother tongue.
To conclude, this essay presents an analysis of the way standardized exams have contributed widely to the internationalization of English around the world. This standardized examination system has influenced in many aspects like education, negotiation, culture, ideology and public policy. It will present an overview about every aspect mentioned as well as the causes and effects of these factors which have influence in a positive and negative way in society. Besides, there will be presented examples in a general way about percentages of people who have taken standardized exams and how it has contributed to the expansion of English around the world.
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Álvarez Faedo, María José. "Teaching Legal English for Company Law: A Guide to Specialism and ELP Teaching Practices and Reference Books." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 28 (November 15, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2015.28.02.
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This article discusses one of the less mainstream areas of ESP teaching, that of legal English for students of company law. The author begins by analysing the approach used by subject-domain specialists themselves and the current criticism regarding the conservative textbook approach which continues to dominate teaching theory in this area. To this effect, she presents the results of a study carried out from October 2014 to March 2015 regarding subject-domain textbooks most used in Law Schools in Australia, Britain, Canada and the USA. The paper then addresses the question of teaching legal English to students of company law. After a brief outline of the three main theories underlying language teaching –behaviourist, cognitive and communicative– the author provides a critical guide to the main course books available to teachers in this rarefied area of specialised language learning, listing the types of exercises proposed, and evoking their overall strengths and weaknesses. To conclude, she suggests means of supplementing course book material.
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Sadovets, Olesia. "Academic English as a Component of Curriculum For ESL Students (Foreign Experience)." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rpp-2019-0004.
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AbstractIt has been substantiated that Academic English must be an integral component of ESL students’ study at foreign languages departments to achieve success as professionals and be ready to realize themselves in a demanding world of today. We have defined the main problem on the way to it, namely the insufficient provision of the Academic English discipline in curricula of foreign language departments or its absence. The necessity to elaborate a syllabus for Academic English discipline being taught throughout all the course of study has been substantiated. Educational programs of Academic English in a number of foreign educational establishments of Great Britain, the USA, Canada and Australia have been analyzed and their defining features have been outlined. Strategies and conditions for effective teaching of Academic English have been characterized. It has been defined that in general, in spite of slight differences in the topics covered by different EAP programs, all of them are aimed at: developing strategies and vocabulary for reading and understanding academic texts; finding, understanding, describing and evaluating information for academic purposes; developing active listening and effective note-taking skills; building on language skills to describe problems and cause-and-effect; gathering a range of information, using the skills learned, to integrate it into a written report; engaging in peer-to-peer feedback before finalising one’s piece of academic work. Requirements for students’ achievements at the end of the course have been determined. As a basis for Academic English syllabus elaboration has been chosen a course by M. Hewings and C. Thaine (upper-intermediate and advanced levels). On its basis we have defined units to be covered by the course as well as skills to be developed. Recommendations as to better and more efficient teaching of the discipline have been outlined.
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Zeng, Yueying. "Analysing Teacher Knowledge for Technology Use among Secondary Teachers Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) in Australia." Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 11, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v11n2p15.
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Technology has normalised education and promoted teaching and learning activities. However, not all teachers effectively integrate technology into their instruction. Prior studies indicate that teacher knowledge impacts such integration. This study examines technology use among teachers teaching Chinese as a foreign language in Australian secondary schools. Specially, it investigates (a) what teacher knowledge affects technology, (b) how CFL perceive their knowledge, and (c) how to effectively develop teacher knowledge. The findings suggest that technological knowledge (TK) strongly influences CFL instructors’ technology use, and these instructors were more confident in their non-technological knowledge than their technology-related knowledge. The finding regarding relationships between knowledge constructs should shed light on knowledge development for teacher education. Hence, this study contributes to teacher training in Australian secondary schools.
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Tour, Ekaterina, Edwin Creely, and Peter Waterhouse. "“It’s a Black Hole . . .”: Exploring Teachers’ Narratives and Practices for Digital Literacies in the Adult EAL Context." Adult Education Quarterly 71, no. 3 (February 6, 2021): 290–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741713621991516.
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A strength-based approach to teaching digital literacies can advance language education for adults from refugee and migrant backgrounds, preparing them for life in a new country. This article draws on a 6-month ethnographic study at an adult English language center in Australia and explores teachers’ perspectives and practices related to teaching digital literacies to understand how prepared they are to employ learners’ own resources. Using sociomaterial theory, this research found that English as an Additional Language (EAL) teachers’ narratives about learners focused on what they lacked rather than what they brought to learning. It also found that while teaching practices utilized some strength-based pedagogical principles, the teachers viewed their work as being deficient. They did not always recognize their agential power nor did they overtly understand that the technology itself afforded this power. The article concludes with implications for EAL practice and professional learning of teachers who work in the adult sector.
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Martínez Marín, Juan Diego, and Maria Camila Mejía Vélez. "Master of TESOL students’ conceptions of assessment: questioning beliefs." Actualidades Investigativas en Educación 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/aie.v21i2.46782.
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The current descriptive study investigates the conceptions of a group students (pre-service and in-service teachers) enrolled in a Master of TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) at La Trobe University, Australia, have of assessment in the context of English language teaching. This study was conducted in first place to address a gap in the literature about English teachers’ conceptions of assessment, and I second place to explore the level of agreement among those conceptions and the type of assessment preferred by the participants. For this purpose, 26 active students in the course accepted the invitation to participate in the study and completed an online survey administered through Qualtrics Management Platform. This quantitative descriptive study done in 2020 used Survey as the research method since it promotes the collection of data to describe the research object. The quantitative data obtained through an online survey were summarized and graphed in tables with the objective of answering the research questions. The results showed that participants’ understandings of assessment and forms of assessment were slightly inclined towards the use of summative assessment rather than formative. In contrast, their conceptions of assessment purposes and principles were inclined towards formative assessment features. All in all, it could be said that even though these participants seemed to cope more with summative assessment, they favoured formative purposes and principles of assessment. This suggests that respondents’ summative views of assessment in the use of types and forms of assessment are potentially affected by institutional demands, and do not entirely reflect the respondents’ assessment understandings.
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Alasmari, Amal. "A case study of the L2 development of Mohammad – An Iraqi child who is an immigrant in Australia – considering psychological and social factors that affect the development of his L2." Journal of English Language and Literature 10, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 1005–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v10i2.395.
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This paper examines the factors that influence the second language development of Mohammed, an Iraqi child who came to Australia as a refugee one year ago. The factors that affect the linguistic development of the target which will be considered in this paper are: similarities and differences between the first language L1 and the second language L2, psychological factors, and social factors. The paper will provide sufficient background information on the learner and draw on a number of language learning theories in the discussion of each factor. The examination of the various factors revealed that the most suitable approach in teaching is content-based instruction in which the target can learn the subject matter content and at the same time develop proficiency in English language. He must also be highly encouraged to speak L2 in and outside school to achieve suitable level of fluency.
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Yasukawa, Keiko. "Editorial." Literacy and Numeracy Studies 25, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v25i1.5857.
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In this issue of Literacy and Numeracy Studies, Theres Bellander and Zoe Nikolaidou examine the online health literacy practices of parents whose child or unborn foetus has been diagnosed with a heart defect, and Julie Choi and Ulrike Najar report on their study of the authors’ English language teaching of immigrant and refugee women in Australia.
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Korovyakovsky, D. G., T. Yu Igumentseva, and V. V. Volkova. "Language Training of Customs Affairs Specialists: International and Russian Experience." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 29, no. 3 (March 28, 2020): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-3-108-118.
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The article presents the results of a study of the language training of specialists in the field of Customs affairs in Russia and several of foreign countries. The described international experience in the language training of customs affairs specialists in Australia, vietnam, Germany, China, Moldova, the United States of America allows to indicate its specificity, namely, a bias towards the development of bilingual competence, since a multicultural customs space requires a specialist to have the ability to conduct a dialogue, to know the cultural realities of a native and foreign language, to be able to realize this knowledge in direct communication with international partners.Russian experience of the language training of customs specialists is characterized, on the one hand, by the lack of regionalization and filling in the content of a foreign language on the basis of interdisciplinary integration with the content of the professional cycle disciplines, and on the other, by the widespread use of active teaching methods, information and communication technologies in teaching a foreign language, which positively affects the formation of readiness for professional intercultural communication.The authors conclude that a deeper study of the international experience of language training on the basis of comparative analysis is necessary in order to improve Russian training of a qualified customs specialist who is able to conduct effective professional activities in a foreign language environment.
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Purwati, Diana, and Arnis Silvia. "Indonesian learners in Australian education environment: perceptions, challenges, and resilience." Journal of Educational Management and Instruction (JEMIN) 1, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/jemin.v1i1.3467.
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With the economic development of Indonesia in the recent years, there has been a large number of Indonesian students continue their higher education in overseas countries, particularly Australia. Hence, examining their perceptions, challenges and experiences to adapt to the Australian English learning environment becomes an interesting attribute to explore. Drawing on this issue, the in-hand study explores how Indonesian learners dealt with challenges and difficulties in Australian education environment. Employing a qualitative research, this study involved eight Indonesian learners enrolled in English language programs in a number of Australian universities. Using interview as the instrument, the findings showed that the participants perceived a positive perception toward the communication activities during the teaching and learning practices; however, they encountered some difficulties related to grammar instruction within communicative practice. The results of interview further revealed that most of the learning difficulties they experienced were due to their prior exposure and habit to Indonesian teaching and learning styles. The participants further conveyed that enhancing English ability and building confidence were two most possible ways to deal with the difficulties. These results contribute as fruitful insights for teachers to be aware of different learners’ styles and needs, particularly those coming from various cultural backgrounds, so that they could engage in more interactive teaching and learning activities.
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Hadley, Fay, and Elizabeth Rouse. "The family–centre partnership disconnect: Creating reciprocity." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 19, no. 1 (March 2018): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463949118762148.
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The purpose of this article is to examine the disconnect happening in relation to family–centre partnerships. Developing partnerships with families is hotly debated and provides challenges for educators teaching in the early childhood sector. Using a comparative case study analysis, several research studies conducted in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, are examined to illustrate these disconnects. These issues are examined within Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia, a national framework that is common to all programs across Australia, which identifies practice, principles and learning outcomes for young children. This disconnect is related to the language that is used by the early childhood staff and misunderstood by the parents, the ways communication occurs and its ineffectiveness. The article argues that there is a need to move beyond the current rhetoric of engaging in partnerships with families to a space that allows for transparency, reciprocity and new language.
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Riswandi, Diki, and Didik Tri Wahyudi. "Can We Find the Washback Effects of International English Language Testing System on IELTS Learners?" LEKSIKA 12, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/lks.v12i1.2192.
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IELTS test nowadays becomes one of the most important thing to get for those especially who want to continue their study in English speaking country especially UK or Australia. Because of the important roles of this standardized tests, it effects on students’ lives around the world. This study is conducted to find out the IELTS test influence on learners preparing for a test on learning and teaching outcomes and an obvious path for IELTS teachers in order to modify their methods and strategy of teaching. Therefore, the present study has tried to investigate whether IELTS preparation classes have any influence on the learning processes and the achievement of students in such an examination. To obtain the data, the writers used library research. A qualitative analysis was employed by identifying and classifying the finding of previous research of washback effects of the IELTS test toward the learners. It was found that there are positive and negative washback effects of IELTS test toward the learners.
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Denman, Deborah, Jae-Hyun Kim, Natalie Munro, Renée Speyer, and Reinie Cordier. "Consensus on Terminology for Describing Child Language Interventions: A Delphi Study." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 3504–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00656.
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Purpose Language intervention for children with language disorder may be effective; however, lack of detailed and consistent terminology for describing language interventions poses barriers for advancement within the field. This study aimed to develop consensus from speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in Australia on a taxonomy with terminology for describing language interventions for school-aged children and investigate SLPs' application of taxonomy terminology when describing child language interventions. Method A taxonomy with terms for describing interventions was developed with reference to contemporary literature and presented to clinicians and researchers with expertise in child language disorders in a three-round Delphi study. We asked Delphi participants to indicate agreement with the taxonomy or propose changes. Application of the taxonomy was investigated by asking participants to use taxonomy terminology to describe interventions presented in two case studies. Results The taxonomy consists of five aspects across which interventions may be described: modality/domain, purpose, delivery, form, and teaching techniques. Consensus on the taxonomy was established in both Round 1 (55 participants) and Round 2 (43 participants), with 100% of SLPs strongly agreeing or agreeing with the overall structure of the taxonomy and at least 87.3% of SLPs strongly agreeing or agreeing with each aspect. In Round 3 (32 participants), consensus was reached on 45/54 taxonomy categories (4/12 of the components) for Case Study 1 and 45/54 taxonomy categories (7/12 of the components) for Case Study 2. Conclusions Consensus on a taxonomy with terminology for describing language interventions represents a significant advancement in the field of child language intervention. Future actions may be needed to facilitate consistent application of taxonomy terms. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16435290
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Berniz, Kate, and Andrew Miller. "English language support: A dialogical multi-literacies approach to teaching students from CALD backgrounds." Journal of Pedagogy 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jped-2017-0011.
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Abstract Students in Western university contexts require multiple literacies, numeracies, and critical capacities to succeed. Participation requires a blend of English language capacity, cultural knowhow, and cognisance of the often-hidden racialized assumptions and dispositions underpinning literate performance. Students from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) backgrounds transitioning to Western university settings from local and international contexts often find themselves floundering in this complex sociocultural web. Many students struggle with the English language preferences of their institutions despite meeting International English Language Testing System (IELTS) requirements. Once enrolled, students from CALD backgrounds need to navigate the linguistic, semiotic, and cultural landscape of the university, both physically and virtually, to enter the discourses and practices of their chosen disciplines. Universities cannot afford to allow students to ‘sink or swim’ or struggle through with non-specialist or ad-hoc support. In response to a clear need for explicit and ongoing English language support for students from CALD backgrounds, the Student Learning Centre (SLC) at Flinders University in South Australia created the English Language Support Program (ELSP). The ELSP sets out to overcome prescriptive and assimilationist approaches to language support by adopting an eclectic blend of learner-centred, critical-creative, and multi-literacies approaches to learning and teaching. Rather than concentrate on skills and/or language appropriateness, the ELSP broadens its reach by unpacking the mechanics and machinations of university study through an intensive—and transgressive—multi-module program. This paper outlines the theoretical and pedagogical challenges of implementing the ELSP.