Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Langage de modélisation conceptuelle'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Langage de modélisation conceptuelle.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Sardet, Éric. "Intégration des approches modélisation conceptuelle et structuration documentaire pour la saisie, la représentation, l'échange et l'exploitation d'informations ; application aux catalogues de composants industriels." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2311.
Full textNormand, Veronique. "Le modèle SIROCO : de la spécification conceptuelle des interfaces utilisateur à leur réalisation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00340912.
Full textNormand, Véronique. "Le modèle SIROCO : de la spécification conceptuelle des interfaces utilisateur à leur réalisation." Grenoble 1, 1992. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00340912.
Full textRudloff, David. "Modélisation conceptuelle et optimisation des requêtes dans une interface en langue naturelle pour des bases de données." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13244.
Full textJacquelinet, Christian. "Modélisation du langage naturel et représentation des connaissances par graphes conceptuels : applications au domaine de l'information médicale." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN1B060.
Full textMinout, Mohammed. "Modélisation des aspects temporels dans les bases de données spatiales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210672.
Full textEtant donné ces nouveaux besoins, cette thèse se focalise sur la modélisation et l'implantation des aspects temporels dans bases de données. En effet, la conception d'une application de base de données se fait par un enchaînement de trois phases (conceptuelle, logique et physique). Au niveau conceptuel, plusieurs modèles conceptuels ont été proposés intégrant les caractéristiques temporelles et spatiales.
Malheureusement, au niveau logique, les modèles de données des SGBD actuels n'offrent pas les concepts nécessaires pour implanter le modèle conceptuel spatio-temporel. Nous proposons donc de nouvelles règles de traductions d'un schéma conceptuel, basé sur le modèle MADS (Modélisation des Applications à des données spatio-temporelles), en un schéma logique MADSLog pour les modèles cibles à savoir :relationnel et relationnel-objet. Chaque règle transforme un concept structurel, temporel et spatial du modèle MADS en un ou plusieurs concepts supportés par la cible. Par exemple, la propriété spatiale définissant la géométrie d'un type d'objet est traduite par la création d'un nouvel attribut de type spatial dans ce type d'objet. Un outil CASE(Computer-Aided Software Engineering) appelé Schema Translateur est développé dans cette thèse implémentant toutes les règles de traductions.
La traduction de schémas conceptuels en schémas logiques peut impliquer une perte sémantique en raison de la différence de la puissance d'expression entre le modèle conceptuel et le modèle de données des SGBD existants. D'où la nécessité de générer un ensemble de contraintes d'intégrité afin de préserver la sémantique définie dans le schéma conceptuel. Ces contraintes sont exprimées à ce niveau par des formules logiques.
Avec l'apparition de GML (Geographic Markup Language ) qui est conçu pour la modélisation, le transport et le stockage d'informations géographiques. Nous transformons également le schéma conceptuel MADS en GML. De nouveaux schémas GML temporel et spatial sont définis qui peuvent être employés par n'importe application de base de données spatio-temporelle.
Au niveau physique, nous proposons une méthode d'adaptation du schéma logique en schéma physique pour le modèle relationnel-objet.
Elle permet de définir les tables, les types abstraits, les types d'objets, les domaines, etc. Notre proposition permet aussi la génération des contraintes d'intégrité au niveau physique. En effet, chaque contrainte d'intégrité (structurelle, temporelle ou spatiale) qui est définie en calcul logique est exprimée soit directement par des contraintes déclaratives ou soit par des déclencheurs du SGBD choisi. Les déclencheurs spatiaux sont fondés sur les fonctionnalités prédéfinies dans Oracle, alors que les déclencheurs temporels sont basés sur les opérateurs et méthodes appliquées sur les types temporels.
Enfin, la traduction de requêtes est une deuxième clef de cette recherche. Le but de la traduction de requêtes, exprimées en algèbre, étant de reconstituer l'information au sens MADS à partir de la base de données stockées dans le SGDB cible. Elle permet de traduire les expressions algébriques MADS, qui sont définies sur le schéma conceptuel et non sur le schéma physique, en requêtes opérationnelles qui peuvent être exécutées sur une base de données spatiale et temporelle sous un SGBD ou un SIG.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Glaser, Norbert. "Contribution à l'acquisition et à la modélisation de connaissances dans un cadre multi-agents : l’approche CoMoMAS." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10300.
Full textHubert, Gilles. "Les versions dans les bases de données orientées objet : modélisation et manipulation." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00378240.
Full textViain, Marie. "La taxinomie des traités de grammaire arabe médiévaux (IVe/Xe/VIIIe/XIV siècle), entre représentation de l'articulation conceptuelle de la théorie et visée pratique. : enjeux théoriques, polémiques et pédagogiques des modélisations formelles et sémantiques du marquage casuel." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030083.
Full textThis thesis about the organization of medieval Arabic grammatical treatises highlights the theoretical, polemical and pedagogical issues of the taxonomy. The uncertainties about the historical constitution of the Arabic grammatical tradition led researchers to focus on the founding period, especially on the Kitāb of Sībawayhi. We wanted to highlight this other, less studied, but capital aspect in the process of disciplinarisation of Arabic grammar: the role of taxonomy. Indeed, while the first grammatical treatises do not adopt a clear plan based on grammatical logic, a classification of linguistic data which represents the conceptual articulation of the theory is developed from the IV ͤ/X ͤ century, under the logicians’ methodological influence. This taxonomic current, which is dominant between the IV ͤ/X ͤ-VI ͤ/XII ͤ centuries, reflects a more synthetic perception of grammatical theory, as it helps to establish its consistency. Our starting point is the Uṣūl of Ibn al-Sarrāğ (m.315/928), the first grammarian who set an organized presentation of data to reflect the theory, especially the modeling of case marking, a central question in Arabic grammar. Dividing the syntax by parts of speech, then the chapter of the noun by case marks and the chapter of the verb by modal marks he represents the formal model of “government”, according to which case marks and modal marks result from the action of some elements in the statement on others, and the hierarchy of functions within the cases’ chapters tends to show a semantic modeling of each case from a basic signification. The successors of Ibn al-Sarrag, among them Abū ʿAlī l-Fārisī (m.376/987), improve this organization in the direction of greater uniqueness of semantic modeling, founded on the predicative or non predicative role of the case marked elements, or on their function within the verbal sentence, and in the direction of better consistency of this modeling with government’s model, where the verb is the basic operator. The Mufaṣṣal of Zamaḫšarī (m.538/1144) presents a maximal coincidence between organization of data and conceptual articulation of the theory, and within the latter, between the formal and semantic models of case marking. From the VII ͤ/XIII ͤ century short grammatical treatises are developed, such as the Alfiyya of Ibn Mālik (m.610/1274) or the Ağurrūmiyya of Ibn Ağurrūm (m.722/1323), whose presentations are based on previous classifications diverging from the first dominant current : practical succession to facilitate grammatical learning, as in the Ğumal of Zağğāğī (m.347/959), or classification more focused on the formal model of government, as in the Muqaddima of Ibn Bābšāḏ (m.469/1077). This taxinomic current lastly dominant promotes a pedagogically effective transmission of grammatical knowledge
Bousquet-Vernhettes, Caroline. "Compréhension robuste de la parole spontanée dans le dialogue oral homme-machine : décodage conceptuel stochastique." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30118.
Full textThe thesis problematic concerns the elaboration of a robust literal understanding model of spontaneous speech in the context of task-oriented application. The report first set out robust understanding of spontaneous speech problematic. Then, we present our modelling based on a stochastic and conceptual approach. We describe the principles retained for the conception of two language models with different granularities. We then propose extensions to our model in order to face the presence of unknown or misrecognized words from recognition string, and to optimise the understanding process, while taking into account the knowledge of the dialog context. .
Amirault-Thebault, Marinette. "Le boycott : analyse conceptuelle et modélisation." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646150.
Full textNguyen, Thu Thi Dieu. "Une approche basée sur la logique de description pour l'intégration de données relationnelles dans le web sémantique." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00507482.
Full textL'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir des méthodes et des techniques pour résoudre ce problème d'intégration des bases de données. Nous proposons une approche combinant des représentations de schémas à base d'ontologie et des logiques de descriptions. Les schémas de base de données sont conçus en utilisant la méthodologie ORM. La stabilité et la flexibilité de ORM facilite la maintenance et l'évolution des systèmes d'intégration. Un nouveau langage d'ontologie web et ses fondements logiques sont proposées afin de capturer la sémantique des sources de données relationnelles, tout en assurant le raisonnement décidable et automatique sur les informations provenant des sources. Une traduction automatisée des modèles ORM en ontologies est introduite pour permettre d'extraire la sémantique des données rapidement et sans faillibilité. Ce mécanisme prévoit la coexistence d'autre sources d'informations, tel que l'hypertexte, intégrées à l'environnement web sémantique.
Cette thèse constitue une avancée dans un certain nombre de domaine, notamment dans l'intégration de données, l'ingénierie des ontologies, les logiques de descriptions, et la modélisation conceptuelle. Ce travail pourra fournir les fondations pour d'autres investigations pour intégrer les données provenant de sources relationnelles vers le web sémantique.
Yang, Jitao. "Un modèle de données pour bibliothèques numériques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112085.
Full textDigital Libraries are complex information systems, storing digital resources (e.g., text, images, sound, audio), as well as knowledge about digital or non-digital resources; this knowledge is referred to as metadata. We propose a data model for digital libraries supporting resource identification, use of metadata and re-use of stored resources, as well as a query language supporting discovery of resources. The model that we propose is inspired by the architecture of the Web, which forms a solid, universally accepted basis for the notions and services expected from a digital library. We formalize our model as a first-order theory, in order to be able to express the basic concepts of digital libraries without being constrained by any technical considerations. The axioms of the theory give the formal semantics of the notions of the model, and at the same time, provide a definition of the knowledge that is implicit in a digital library. The theory is then translated into a Datalog program that, given a digital library, allows to efficiently complete the digital library with the knowledge implicit in it. The goal of our research is to contribute to the information management technology of digital libraries. In this way, we are able to demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of our digital library model, by showing that it can be efficiently implemented. Moreover, we demonstrate our model’s practical feasibility by providing a full translation of the model into RDF and of the query language into SPARQL. We provide a sound and complete calculus for reasoning on the RDF graphs resulting from translation. Based on this calculus, we prove the correctness of both translations, showing that the translation functions preserve the semantics of the digital library and of the query language
BURGUN, PARENTHOINE ANITA. "Representation conceptuelle du langage medical appliquee aux momenclatures internationales." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1B010.
Full textBen, Jebara Malek. "Modélisation conceptuelle pour les applications géomatiques temps réel." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0044/these.pdf.
Full textNowadays, the field of the geoprocessing applications is more and more important and the number of software-tools specialized in the handling of the space-time data witnessed a considerable growth during this last decade. Several methods dedicated to the design of geoprocessing applications have been proposed in the literature. Real time applications are also experiencing great changes and refering to the spatial location. The advent of telecommunications has drawn the attention of taking into account the distribution and allocation information for geoprocessing applications. Telegeoprocessing discipline was born from the alliance of telecommunications and geomatics, characterized by the use of modern positioning systems like GPS (Global Positioning System). Currently, the emergence of pervasive information systems opens several research areas. Thus real time geoprocessing applications raise several problems. In fact, their architecture must support mathematical models and algorithms with important capacities of calculations; besides there is the difficulty to take in account of the real time granularity. They also present major problems at the design stage because of the absence of a specific standardized formalism. The different formalisms that exist in the literature which are supported by design methods of geomatic applications and real time applications are inefficient to answer the problems of design of the real time geoprocessing applications. The research we conducted allowed us to offer basic concepts based on UML (Unified Modeling Language) extensions to take into account the conceptual issues of communication, location data and applications. Thus we propose a UML profile that addresses real time constraints in the field of real time geoprocessing applications. The GRT (Geographic Real Time) profile targets the design of real-time geoprocessing applications. This work has led to a prototype with a CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tool supporting the proposed formalism. A validation through concrete examples enabled us to enrich this prototype
Sai, Peck Lee. "Formalisation et aide outillée à la modélisation conceptuelle." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010087.
Full textThevenet, Laure-Hélène. "Proposition d'une modélisation conceptuelle d'alignement stratégique : La méthode INSTAL." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466827.
Full textKittavong, Sisouvanh. "Exploration de nouvelles structures de modélisation hydrologique globale conceptuelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66670.
Full textMany hydrologic models were developed in the last few decades. They should be capable of simulating all of the catchments but, in practice, their performance is dependent on the geology and climate, so no model structure is suitable for all modeling tasks. This doctoral thesis aims at proposing a model selection method, from a grand pool of candidates, which accounts for the identification of a pool of successful models in diversified climates conditions and the selection of appropriate models for the catchment climatic conditions (arid, humid, and continental) and modeling objectives (high, medium and low flows). It is based on 1446 models constructed using the Ensemble Multistructure Framework (EMF) and 100 climatically diversified American catchments. The focus of this study is to value flexible modeling approaches to identify successful models for a variety of climates. The model selection is first based on the individual performance of the 1446 models, comparing them to a reference model (GR4J). A pool of 80 diversified models is then identified for further investigation. To evaluate the impact of climate and metric on model performance, the 80 preselected models are evaluated on the three types of climates and three modeling objectives. At the end, four new lumped conceptual hydrologic models are tailored for specific climate and flow conditions. Hydrological modeling remains imperfect due to a large number of uncertainties, particularly related to the description of rainfall-flow transformation by hydrological model structures. The multimodel approach is an alternative solution, because the combination of existing models gives better results than individual ones. The diversity of model structures touches one of the first principles of the operation of a multimodel is the compensation of the errors to improve the performances. The 80 preselected models and the Backward Greedy Selection (BGS) algorithm are then used to select the models set to combine. Tests are performed on six optimizations (MCRPS, KGEsqrt, Mlogs, NRD, PIT and RDmse). Results show that, the optimization by the MCRPS is most interesting when compare to other criterions.
Harrathi, Rami. "Recherche d'information conceptuelle dans les documents semi-structurés." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0073/these.pdf.
Full textWith the advent of XML as the de facto standard for semi-structured document representation and exchange over the Web, several approaches of structured information retrieval (SIR) for semi-structured document have been proposed. These approaches have limitations of RIS at different levels: the matching element/query and query language. The matching element/query consist of assigning a relevance scores of elements in the documents. Most approaches for evaluating the relevance are based on keywords-based indexing systems where the element of a document and the query are represented by a list of weighted keyword. The keywords-based indexing is generally imprecise. This imprecision is due to the problem of semantic ambiguity of words in natural language. To address these limitations, several studies were interested in taking into account the semantic indexing terms. This type of indexing is called semantic or conceptual indexing. These works take into account the notion of concept in place of the notion of word. The query languages allow the user to query semi-structured documents by content and structure. Most query languages which proposed for querying semi-structured documents were textual query languages. The limitation of textual languages lies in the fact that it is unsuitable for users who are novices in computer science. These languages are characterized by a complex formalism. They require training in the formal syntax of the language. The use of visual languages overcomes these limitations. In this context, our contributions focus on the proposal of a conceptual IR approach in semi-structured documents and a model of visual querying. Our contributions are evaluated through the IN EX Evaluation Initiative and the development of a prototype
RAMMAL, MAHMOUD. "Une interface conceptuelle pour le traitement du langage naturel. Application au langage medical dans le systeme adm." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP594S.
Full textMazaleyrat, Hélène. "Vers une approche linguistico-cognitive de la polysémie : Représentation de la signification et construction du sens." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545777.
Full textRebolho, Cédric. "Modélisation conceptuelle de l'aléa inondation à l'échelle du bassin versant." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AGPT0011/document.
Full textFlood modelling has become an essential issue in today's society, due to the expansion of urban areas into the floodplains. It is now necessary, for the safety of people, to be able to forecast the position of inundated zones produced by a flood event. Flood forecasting already exists but it only deals with discharge estimations in order to alert public authorities in case of an overflowing event. The delimitation of inundated areas is still a work in progress, and it need several approaches to provide relevant information to crisis managers.This PhD aims to develop and test a methodology applicable anywhere in France with easily available data, able to provide a large-scale and meso-scale assessment of inundated territories while still being usable in a forecasting context. Two models have been developed : first, a conceptual water spreading algorithm that estimates the overflowing water volume and spreads it along the river network and then a more physical method which computes reach-scale relationships between the discharge and the height above nearest drainage (HAND) from simplified hydraulic equations. If the former has rapidly reached its limits, the latter, called MHYST, has shown a real potential by correctly modelling up to 80% of the inundation extent resulting from the May-June event on the Loing catchment.This work showed that it was possible to generate inundation maps from limited data and, above all, easily available data, thanks to simple conceptual methodologies based on a simplified representation of the river beds. The models developed in this PhD satisfied the objectives of this project, even if some interrogations remain, in particular about the estimation of bankfull discharge, which is still a problematic issue, the production of spatially accurate observations of inundated areas which are used to calibrate and validate inundation models, or the handling of complex situations such as flash floods and heavily urbanised areas
Rebolho, Cédric. "Modélisation conceptuelle de l'aléa inondation à l'échelle du bassin versant." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AGPT0011.
Full textFlood modelling has become an essential issue in today's society, due to the expansion of urban areas into the floodplains. It is now necessary, for the safety of people, to be able to forecast the position of inundated zones produced by a flood event. Flood forecasting already exists but it only deals with discharge estimations in order to alert public authorities in case of an overflowing event. The delimitation of inundated areas is still a work in progress, and it need several approaches to provide relevant information to crisis managers.This PhD aims to develop and test a methodology applicable anywhere in France with easily available data, able to provide a large-scale and meso-scale assessment of inundated territories while still being usable in a forecasting context. Two models have been developed : first, a conceptual water spreading algorithm that estimates the overflowing water volume and spreads it along the river network and then a more physical method which computes reach-scale relationships between the discharge and the height above nearest drainage (HAND) from simplified hydraulic equations. If the former has rapidly reached its limits, the latter, called MHYST, has shown a real potential by correctly modelling up to 80% of the inundation extent resulting from the May-June event on the Loing catchment.This work showed that it was possible to generate inundation maps from limited data and, above all, easily available data, thanks to simple conceptual methodologies based on a simplified representation of the river beds. The models developed in this PhD satisfied the objectives of this project, even if some interrogations remain, in particular about the estimation of bankfull discharge, which is still a problematic issue, the production of spatially accurate observations of inundated areas which are used to calibrate and validate inundation models, or the handling of complex situations such as flash floods and heavily urbanised areas
Wang, Haobo. "Exploration du potentiel de la réalité virtuelle pour l'architecture système basée sur les modèles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALI038.
Full textModel-based systems engineers and architects, particularly those moving from software to systems engineering, claim that SysML-like modelling notations, symbolic two-dimensional diagrams made of boxes and lines, are domain-independent and, thus, very convenient to support the cross-functional definition of a system architecture. However, the abstract diagramming syntax of Model-Based Systems Architecting (MBSA) notations makes their adoption difficult, especially by notational nonexperts, and using iconic graphics is one way of improvement. Few studies attempted to replace 2D diagrams with immersive 3D visuals without objective evidence. We assume it is due to limited development efforts and a need for more quality criteria for comparing 2D diagrams with 3D visuals. This thesis will argue that human-centric interactive 3D visuals should replace MBSA diagrams where appropriate to facilitate communication and participation in multidisciplinary co-design activities from mission to architecture definition. A combination of empirical validation methods shows that the proposed 3D immersive MBSA interface increases user satisfaction, provides better visual notations, and reduces cognitive load for single- and multi-user MBSA activities involving experts and non-experts. Such promising results of this exploratory research pave the way for more specific studies to cumulate scientific evidence
HREICHE, ANTOINE. "Modélisation conceptuelle de la transformation pluie-débit dans le contexte méditerranéen." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004188.
Full textCouplé à un modèle stochastique adimensionnel de pluie, MEDOR génère une surface représentative des coefficients d'écoulement des bassins dans l'espace des paramètres. Cinq zones ont été définies sur le pourtour méditerranéen avec leurs surfaces de référence. MEDOR possède des propriétés d'agglomération spatiale et temporelle. Les paramètres du modèle pour un bassin formé de l'union de plusieurs sous bassins sont déterminés par des lois d'agglomération utilisant les paramètres de chacun d'eux. Un des paramètres de la fonction de production est lié à la profondeur utile du sol, ce qui permet de transformer le modèle global en un modèle semi-distribué. L'extension à un nombre plus important de bassins permettrai de préciser la signification des paramètres, et donc d'envisager une application à des bassins non jaugés.
Diagne, Serigne. "Modélisation sémantique conceptuelle pour l'ingénierie de performances comportementales de produits complexes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD021/document.
Full textThe increasing complexity of manufactured product such mechatronics products requires tools and methods to manage their design process. This process covers the steps going from the requirements specification to the definition of the digital mockup that fulfils the structural, functional and behavioral requirements. To develop high quality products with good performance and low cost while respecting delay this process must be optimized and mastered. The research conducted during this thesis is directed to propose a generic approach for mechatronics products design and behavioural performance assessment. This approach covers the process going from the specification of the requirements to the identification and the design of the digital mockups of the products that meet those requirements. This approach is essentially based on three successive steps that are conceptual semantic design (CSD), conceptual semantic modeling (CSM) and behavioral performance engineering (BPE). These theoretical contributions have been implemented in the Product- BPAS software for test and illustrate purposes
Hreiche, Antoine. "Modélisation conceptuelle de la transformation pluie-débit dans le contexte méditerranéen." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20081.
Full textFeyssat, Pierre. "Modélisation conceptuelle du fonctionnement d'une plage microtidale à barres en festons." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2023. https://theses-public.univ-perp.fr/2023PERP0021.pdf.
Full textThe sedimentary bars of the nearshore control the dynamics of the beaches. Understanding the couplingbetween aerial and submerged beaches is essential at a time when entire urban sectors of the Occitanie region are subject to erosion. Thequestion of beach topography thus appears to be a crucial knowledge to anticipate future changes induced by the global rise in mean sea level.The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the comprehension of the aerial beach/submerged beach systems and their interconnections, bylooking at the particular case of the Mediterranean coasts. This thesis is based on the study of a beach with a double crescentic nearshore barsystem: the beach of Leucate. Similar crescentic bar systems are present in the southern part of the Gulf of Lion (between Leucate and Argelès-sur-Mer), i.e. about 40 km of coastline. A first part of the work was dedicated to the morphodynamics of the aerial beach, in particular to itsevent and seasonal dynamics in relation to the atypical forcing of the region on the sites of Leucate and La Franqui (prevailing onshore wind,long periods of fair weather, short and intense storms). A specific part on the Leucate site was then devoted to quantify the wind transportinduced by the onshore wind (Tramontane), so characteristic of the area. The second part of the work concerned the underwater beach ofLeucate and its system of double festoon bars at different time scales (20 years, seasons, events). This work allowed us to identify the controlparameters and the morphological response of this Mediterranean system. This has also led to the study of the establishment and dynamics of athird system of proximal bars intercalated locally between the internal bar and near the coastline, the Low Beach Bars, which have been littlestudied until now. A third part is devoted to the interactions between the aerial beach and the underwater beach through two examples. Thecouplings between the coastline and the bars on the site of Leucate, and the more complex example of the grau of La Franqui in which thesecouplings control the position of the estuary and its dynamics.This work has led to the description of a model of aerial beach evolution on anevent-driven and seasonal scale, which can be applied to the beaches of the southern Gulf of Lion. The work on the underwater beach hasallowed to highlight a diversity of bar typologies (especially for the internal bar), and a dynamic of the double bar system characterized by astability of bars more important than in other environments. Regarding the couplings between these two compartments, we have highlighted theimpact of the couplings between the nearshore bars and the coastline whose morphology evolves according to the couplings
Gafrej, Raoudha. "Modélisation conceptuelle du transfert des matières en suspension : effets d'échelles spatio-temporelles." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066372.
Full textStockinger, Peter. "De la structure conceptuelle. Essai d'une description semio-linguistique des situations statives et dynamiques dans le langage." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030132.
Full textIf we will admit that a word of natural language expresses a model or a class of models which represents this kind of content has to go beyond linguistics band , a fortori, linguistic semantics. Semantics. If we consider the work "semantics and cognition" of r. Jackendoff, i think that we can distinguish two positions semantical frameworrk in natur1al langage. The first posirion supposes that there is, independently of the conceptual structure, structure, a semantical framework which constitutes a basical structure for all syntactical structures of natural language. The second position admits, contrarily, that the semantical framework is a special kind belonging to conceptual or cognitive structure. It is this this second position that is generally assumed in formal semantic models that allows'the representation of dynamic
BORNERAND, STEPHANE. "Collaboration de la programmation dynamique et de l'analyse conceptuelle. Application a la comprehension du langage parle." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112269.
Full textBlitman, Delphine. "Innéité et sciences cognitives : la faculté de langage : analyse conceptuelle du programme de Chomsky en linguistique." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0159.
Full textThis thesis is about Chomsky's work who argues that the language faculty (also known as the « universal grammar ») is innate. It aims at detennining the meaning of such a claim by confronting it with biology. The proposed solution to the innateness problem rests on a clarification of linguistic nativism in all its dimensions. The first chapter presents Chomsky's research program in linguistics. The second chapter con fronts the epistemological questions raised by this "biolinguistic" program. In particular, it analyses the problem of the so-called psychological reality of the grammar. The third chapter turns to the acquisition of language. It provides a conceptual and empirical analysis of the argument from the poverty of the stimulus. The fourth chapter clarifies the philosophical foundations of Chomsky's nativism. It explains why Chomsky rejects two theses which are largely accepted in the contemporary philosophy empiricism and externalism. The last two chapters examine if the innateness hypothesis is compatible with biology. The fifth chapter confronts Chomsky's nativist claim with evolutionary biology and clarifies Chomsky's anti-adaptationist position regarding the evolution of the language faculty. The sixth chapter provides an analysis of the theoretical debates on the notion of innateness and shows how linguistic nativism can be given a meaning which is compatible with the interactionism, prevailing now in biology
Guihal, David. "Modélisation en langage VHDL-AMS des systèmes pluridisciplinaires." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00157570.
Full textVert, Jean-Philippe. "Méthodes statistiques pour la modélisation du langage naturel." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066247.
Full textNelakanti, Anil Kumar. "Modélisation du langage à l'aide de pénalités structurées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001634.
Full textNelakanti, Anil Kumar. "Modélisation du langage à l'aide de pénalités structurées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066033.
Full textModeling natural language is among fundamental challenges of artificial intelligence and the design of interactive machines, with applications spanning across various domains, such as dialogue systems, text generation and machine translation. We propose a discriminatively trained log-linear model to learn the distribution of words following a given context. Due to data sparsity, it is necessary to appropriately regularize the model using a penalty term. We design a penalty term that properly encodes the structure of the feature space to avoid overfitting and improve generalization while appropriately capturing long range dependencies. Some nice properties of specific structured penalties can be used to reduce the number of parameters required to encode the model. The outcome is an efficient model that suitably captures long dependencies in language without a significant increase in time or space requirements. In a log-linear model, both training and testing become increasingly expensive with growing number of classes. The number of classes in a language model is the size of the vocabulary which is typically very large. A common trick is to cluster classes and apply the model in two-steps; the first step picks the most probable cluster and the second picks the most probable word from the chosen cluster. This idea can be generalized to a hierarchy of larger depth with multiple levels of clustering. However, the performance of the resulting hierarchical classifier depends on the suitability of the clustering to the problem. We study different strategies to build the hierarchy of categories from their observations
Hassan, Ali. "Modélisation des bases de données multidimensionnelles : analyse par fonctions d'agrégation multiples." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10034/document.
Full textPostoev, Ivan. "Les mots sans les choses : concepts culturels, référence et interprétation." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0072.
Full textThe object of this study is ‘cultural concepts’, which are characterizled by the absence of material referents and play an important role in cultural communication and interpretation. The purpose of the study is to show that cultural concepts constrtute a separate class of concepts ; describe their specific properties, and apply the results to a number of literary texts. The first part contains a survey of theoretic hypotheses elaborated in philosophy (Kant, Rickert, Cassirer, Searle, Weitz) and linguistics (Benveniste, cognitive semantics, Wierzbicka). The second part concerns the specific properties of cultural concepts, eg. Implication of an 'exemplary‘ situation and their systematic and ideological aspect. Their historic aspect is discussed in connection with the theories of Foucault and the principles of history of mentalities. The results are applied to a number of French and English literary texts dating back from 17th to 20th centuries
Abdulahhad, Karam. "Modélisation de la Recherche d'Information par la Logique et les Treillis. Application à la Recherche d'Information Conceptuelle." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991669.
Full textBouzeghoub, Mokrane. "Secsi : un système expert en conception de systèmes d'informations, modélisation conceptuelle de schémas de bases de données." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066046.
Full textColombani, Françoise. "Modélisation de la coordination des soins infirmière en cancérologie : de l’analyse conceptuelle au transfert vers les décideurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0113.
Full textFaced with demographic changes, the rise of chronic diseases including cancer, and in response to the fragmentation of current healthcare systems, care coordination has become a priority in global public health. Cancer patients are particularly at risk of receiving poorly organized care due to the complex nature of the disease and its management, which involves multiple medical, nursing, socio-medical, and social teams operating at different levels of the healthcare system over an extended period. This lack of coordination affects the quality and efficiency of care. Progress in care coordination has been hindered by the lack of a common definition and precision on how it should be implemented. In France, new nursing coordination functions in oncology have been introduced without prior conceptualisation, leading to a wide variety of actions and job titles. This heterogeneity hampers the recognition, understanding of their actions, and the evaluation of their performance. In the absence of a detailed analysis of the scope of action of these professionals and a theoretical framework for care coordination, this thesis project aims, in three parts, to model nursing care coordination intervention in oncology and to identify ways to implement these results into the national health policy of care coordination in France. The first part (conceptual) allowed the development of an innovative reference framework focused on coordination activities through a scoping review and a structured consensus method (nominal group technique) involving decision-makers, organizers, and patient partners. The second part, focusing on practices, produced an operational model of hospital-based cancer coordination nurses’ intervention, by comparing theoretical expectations (framework from part 1) with the practices and perceptions that these nurses, their patients, caregivers, and professional partners had of this coordination intervention. The field survey consisted of a national multicenter mixed-method study through a triangulation of qualitative (observations, interviews, focus groups) and quantitative (validated scales) information on practices, contexts, perceptions, and attitudes towards work among oncology care coordination nurses in France. The third part was dedicated to transferring results to decision-makers through the organisation of a national workshop involving all stakeholders in the field (regulators, hospital administrators, professional associations, researchers, nurses, patient partners). Its objective was to present the modelling results, share experiences from other research teams on the subject, and translate the operational model into concrete actions through consensus-building of a job description, and defining the minimum elements of managerial support and prerequisites for these nurses' functions. This thesis project has generated new knowledge on care coordination, both in general and more specifically in oncology, at a conceptual level (reference framework), interventional level (operational model), and translational level (job description). The work presented in this thesis thus paves the way for optimal deployment of these functions for public health decision-making (implementation of the job description, standardisation of training), and research evaluation of the effects and impact of these interventions
Marouby-Terriou, Geneviève. "Structure phonologique et traitement du langage écrit : expérimentation et modélisation." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10064.
Full textRoque, Matthieu. "Contribution à la définition d'un langage générique de modélisation d'entreprise." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13059.
Full textArronategui, Unai, and Franck Mieulet. "Le langage LOIR : objets, règles et actions pour la modélisation." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30071.
Full textMenai, Mohamed-Fouz. "Langage et démarche de modélisation pour l'urbanisation des architectures Télécoms." Troyes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TROY0008.
Full textThe following thesis document proposal relates to the telecom networks domain. It tackles the problems caused by a lack of formalism and a diversity of approaches, regarding architectural evolution projects, within Telecom Operators. The suggested contributions are inspired from both enterprise information systems architecture and model driven engineering domains. The main results are a modelling language, called OURDIR, and an associated process, specifically designed to enhance architectural evolution projects, in a telecom environment. The process comes with a modelling method capable of taking into account the data associated to the architecture. The contribution also includes specific metrics, designed for architecture comparison purposes
Otfinowska, Anna. "Modélisation conceptuelle et probabiliste de matières en suspension : application à l'estimation des flux sur onze bassins versants urbains." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13250.
Full textAt present, wet weather pollution discharged by sewer systems in natural environments is becoming a major environmental concem. This pollution appears during rainfall events and its impact is more important with increased rain intensity. Many studies show that extreme emissions of pollution by sewer systems are the result of heavy storms, with a low frequency of occurrence. However, these extreme emissions have a detrimental, sometimes even disastrous effect on water quality. In wet weather flow pollution, suspended solids are a major vector of pollution absorbed to organic and minerai particles carried by stormwater. The generation and transport of pollution in systems during a storm event is the result of a complex interaction of processes occurring in different space and time scales. A typology of existing models shows that this complexity has often been included into these models, which consider each water cycle and water quality phenomena. However, such complex models increase the difficulty in applying them because of insufficient knowledge concerning the processes involved, the uncertainties of data which is rarely available and the difficulty in calibration. Studies in various locations show that suspended solid characteristics are similar for the same kind of sewer systems and rain conditions; usually it has been observed that the sewer system acts like a filter and reduces the variability and the heterogeneity of the output variables. Rainfall is the most important input for many hydrological and hydraulic design calculations. Long historical rainfall series should be used and a statistical analysis should be performed on the hydraulic results. These subsequent results can be used as input into pollution loads models. The present study requires the verification of the kind of simplifications that may be made with respect to rainfall input to rainfall-runoff models. The level of simplification can be different according to the purpose of the study and its application. [. . . ]
Amamba, Itoumba Frédéric Elie. "Modélisation d’un réseau de réservoirs en vue d’optimiser la gestion des eaux pluviales." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10180/document.
Full textIn urban environments, or in the areas where the stormy showers are frequent and violent, it is advisable to temporarily store volumes of precipitations in retaining tanks before slackening them with flow controlled in the sewage networks or the natural environment, which limits the risks of flood and the environmental impacts. The dimension of these basins can quickly be important and their establishment on an encumbered site to become complicated and expensive. The solution suggested in this study is to distribute the retention on several basins connected to each other by pipes and controlled by nozzles, and to exploit their respective capacity and the conditions of transfer to optimize the rejection in the network or the natural environment. A numerical model named tank type was developed, which represents with a good level of precision the heights in the basins and the flows transferred according to time as well as intensity and the duration of the rain. This simplified model incremented according to a step of coherent time with the intensity of the rain works in volumes and flow without being delayed on the hydraulic conditions of flow. It was validated by several studies of sensitivity on meshes of 2 or 3 tanks and opens up the way for a tool for pre simple and reliable dimensioning
Bour, Raphaëlle. "DEMOS : une méthode de conception participative de systèmes d’information soutenant la démocratie des organisations." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10058.
Full textLe résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur
Surcin, Sylvain. "Expression langagière ambigue͏̈ et modélisation cognitive symbolique." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081587.
Full textParrenin, Frédéric. "Datation glaciologique des forages profonds en Antarctique et modélisation conceptuelle des paléoclimats : implications pour la théorie astronomique des paléoclimats." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00701456.
Full text