Relevant bibliographies by topics / Landscape structure

Academic literature on the topic 'Landscape structure'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Landscape structure"

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Brusak, Vitaliy, and Kateryna Moskalyuk. "The landscape structure of the nature reserve “Medobory”." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 50 (December 28, 2016): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2016.50.8678.

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Tovtry is a complex of fossil reef Miocene buildings that creates one of the most picturesque scenery of the surrounding plains of Podillya region. Tovtry zone consists of main ridge (the late Baden barrier reef), isolated Tovtry hills (the late Baden bioherms, located east of the ridge), isolated tovtry (the early Sarmat bioherms, located west of the main ridge), the territories of the former channels, lagoons and passes between certain reef masses, the part of which is occupied with the modern rivers. These geological and geomorphological elements are the basis of the definition of Podillian Tovtry landscapes areas, and their combination is the basis of the individual landscapes. The great contribution to the study of Tovtry landscapes was made by K. Herenchuk (1949, 1979, 1980), who identified the main types of localities and individual landscapes. In addition to his distinguished achievements, the researches done by M. Chyzhov (1963), T. Kovalyshyn and I. Kaplun (1998), P. Shtoyko (2000), K. Moskalyuk (2011) and others could be mentioned. In Tovtry there are four landscapes: Mylno, Zbarazh, Medobory (Krasna) and Tovtry (Kamianets-Podilskyi). Natural Reserve “Medobory” (9 516.7 hectares) is located in the central part of Tovtry, mainly in Medobory landscape. The landscape map of nature reserve, covering the surrounding area, at a scale of 1: 25,000 has been done. Six landscaped areas and more than 70 kinds of tracts have been identified. The largest area is the area of elongated summit plains of main Tovtry ridge rocky hills, covered by beech hornbeam-oak forests on humus-carbonate soils. The territory with the buried reef formations, overlained by loess-like loams, with hornbeam-oak forests on humus-carbonate soils in combination with grey forest soils occupies large area. The area of grouped and isolated side tovtry, covered by rock and meadow-steppe vegetation, shrubs on humus-carbonate soils are fragmentary represented in the natural reserve. Outside the territory of natural reserve, there are areas of the extensive plains with chernozems. They were covered by meadow vegetation in the past and now they are the agricultural lands. Some areas of the reserve are covered by wavy interfluves of Husiatyn and Lanivtsi landscape, which are typical for stratal-tiered landscapes of Podillya. Wavy watersheds, composed of thick strata of loess loam, are mainly covered by hornbeam forests in place of oak on grey forest soils and podzolic chernozem. Along Zbruch and Gnyla the area of narrow river valleys with wide floodplains and low terraces fragments are very common. Floodplain is covered by grass-forb meadows, with alder and osier bed centres on meadow and meadow soils. The regional and local features of the landscape structure of the reserve have been defined. Enough representation of the main types of Tovtry areas, their altitude differentiation (landscape layering) and monolithic areas of Tovtry main ridge are the most important. Key words: Podillian Tovtry, main ridge, side tovtry hills, nature reserve “Medobory”, area of landscape.
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Sysuev, Vladislav V. "Geophysical analysis of landscape polystructures." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 200–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-17.

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The objective identification of landscape cover units is very important for sustainable environmental management planning. The article proposes a method-algorithm for describing the formation of landscape structures, which is based on the classic landscape analysis and applies the parameters of geophysical fields. The main driving forces of all structure-forming processes are the gradients of gravitational and insolation fields, parameters of which were calculated using the digital elevation models and the GIS-technologies. A minimum number of principal parameters are selected for typological and functional classification of landscapes. The number and importance of parameters were identified basing on the results of numerical experiments. Landscape classifications elaborated on the basis of standard numerical methods take a fundamental geophysical value. In this case, a concept of polystructural landscape organization is logical: by selecting different structure-forming processes and physical parameters, different classifications of landscapes could be elaborated. The models of geosystem functioning are closely related to their structure through boundary conditions and relations between parameters. All models of processes and structures are verified by field experimental data obtained under diverse environmental conditions.
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Venturi, Martina, Francesco Piras, Federica Corrieri, Beatrice Fiore, Antonio Santoro, and Mauro Agnoletti. "Assessment of Tuscany Landscape Structure According to the Regional Landscape Plan Partition." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 5424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105424.

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The landscape is considered a strategic asset by the Tuscan regional government, also for its economic role, meaning that a specific Landscape Plan has been developed, dividing the region into 20 Landscape Units and representing the main planning instrument at the regional level. Following the aims of the Landscape Plan and the guidelines of the European Landscape Convention, it is necessary to develop an adequate assessment of the landscape, evaluating the main typologies and their characteristics. The aim of this research is to carry out an assessment of the landscape diversity in Tuscany based on 20 study areas, analyzing land uses and landscape mosaic structures through the application of landscape metrics: number of land uses, mean patch size (MPS), Hill’s diversity number, edge density (ED), patch density (PD), land use diversity (LUD). The results highlight a correlation between the landscape typologies (forest, agricultural, mixed, periurban) and the complexity of the landscape structure, especially in relation to MPS and PD, while the combination of PD and LUD calculated on the basis of a hexagonal grid allows obtaining landscape complexity maps. Despite the phenomena of reforestation and urban sprawl of recent decades, Tuscany still preserves different landscape typologies characterized by a good level of complexity. This is particularly evident in mixed landscapes, while agricultural landscapes have a larger variability because of different historical land organization forms. The methodology applied in this study provided a large amount of data about land uses and the landscape mosaic structure and complexity and proved to be effective in assessing the landscape structure and in creating a database that can represent a baseline for future monitoring.
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Bovsunivska, Veronika. "Landscapes of Khmelnytskyi region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 48 (December 23, 2014): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.48.1295.

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The features of landscape structure of Khmelnitsky region for example of five individual landscapes representing five different genera and three types is characterized in article. Key words: landscape structure, generation of landscapes, unique landscape.
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Kaban, Aronika, Ani Mardiastuti, and Lilik Budi Prasetyo. "Landscape structure affects bird community in Bogor, West Java." Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18330/jwallacea.2018.vol7iss2pp109-118.

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Birds have different responses to landscape modification, depends on its adaptation to the environment. The purposes of this study were to identify bird communities in several landscape types and to analyze the landscape structures that affect bird communities. The study was conducted from April to August 2016 at 29 landscapes in the city of Bogor. The landscapes were categorized into four types based on their fragmentation stages: intact, variegated, fragmented, and relict. Birds were surveyed using point count. Bird diversity was calculated using Shanon-Wienner Index, followed by Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis, the similarity of communities was tested using Bray-Curtis. The landscape structures were quantified using 7 variables and measured using ArcGis patch analyst. Total 8,967 individuals from 75 species and 36 families were recorded. Similarity analysis of the bird community suggested that intact landscapes were clustered separately, while other three types were clustered together. The results showed that the abundance and species richness were higher in intact landscape. Bird diversity in Bogor becomes higher when the total edge, the mean shape index, and the shannon evenness index become smaller.
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Pankeeva, Т. V., and N. V. Mironova. "LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE OF THE WESTERN COAST OF SEVASTOPOL." Geopolitics and Ecogeodynamics of regions 7 (17), no. 2 (2021): 276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2309-7663-2021-7-2-276-291.

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The information about the landscape structure of the western coast of Sevastopol. Landscape studies (summer 2020) were conducted by detailed study of key sites using landscape profiling. In the landscape structure of the study area identified 8 bottom natural complexes (BCN). The capes at a depth of 0.5-5 m are characterized by underwater slope landscapes with boulder and boulder heaps and bedrock outcrops dominated by Carpodesmia crinita and Treptacantha barbata. Between the capes at these depths, underwater slope landscapes formed by sandy sediments, devoid of benthic vegetation, where individual clumps are also dominated by Carpodesmia crinita and Treptacantha barbata. An underwater coastal slope composed of coarse-clastic sediments dominated by Treptacantha barbata, and with alternating pebble-gravel with battered shell sediments dominated by Phyllophora crispa, was recorded at a depth of 5–10 m. A weakly sloping plain composed of gravel-sandy sediments with broken shells, dominated by Phyllophora crispa, can be traced at a depth of 10–15 m. The formation of its landscape structure is influenced by both the natural features of the coastal zone and economic activities in the adjacent territory.
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Klieshch, Anastasia A., and Nadiya V. Maksymenko. "Positional-dynamic territorial structure of the urban landscape." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 3 (October 10, 2020): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112049.

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The knowledge of landscapes’ positional - dynamic structure enabled us to include it in the work on urban landscape and ecological planning, with its ownspecifics as environmental management objects. The aim is to create cartographic models of a positional-dynamic territorial structure of Kharkiv landscape to ensure a balanced use of nature in environmental management. Methods: a positional-dynamic structure of urban landscape was selected by compiling andanalyzing cartographic works of landscape strips, tiers and districts. Territorial configuration of different types of landscape strips were identified and established based on the classical scheme of landscape locations typology by water-geochemical regime proposed by B. Polynov and supplemented by M. Glazovska, which includes 9 main types. Technically, synthesis of parameters combinations and determination of the territories affiliation to certain types of landscape strips was carried out using spatial analysis tools (in particular, reclassification and raster calculator) of initial data on morphometric relief parameters in ArcGIS. Results. A set of qualitative parameters is proposed, based on the characteristics of each type of landscape strips by which they can be identified.Composition and territorial configuration of positional-dynamic landscape strips of the urban landscape are established as a result of systematization and processing of geodata parametric features of the water-geochemical regime. Cartographic models of the positional-dynamic structureof Kharkiv landscapes have been developed, including 13 types of landscape strips with individual features united in 5 groups by types of lateral migration of substances due to the peculiarities of their positionality (common position in relation to frame lines of flow directions) and factors of relief morphology similarity, nature of income and intensity of substances transfer. The identified mode types and the nature of the spatial distribution of the corresponding landscape strips have been described in detail. Conclusions. Cartographic models of the positional-dynamic territorial structure of Kharkiv, developed during the inventory stage of landscape-ecological planning, make it possible to choose areas of balanced nature management of a particular area.
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Gao, Shan, and Songfu Liu. "Exploration and Analysis of the Aesthetic Cognitive Schema of Contemporary Western Urban Landscapes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 5152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105152.

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The multidimensional iterative composition of urban landscapes and the formation mechanism of the aesthetic perception dimension are elucidated. The cognitive schema theory aims to reveal the intrinsic mechanism of urban landscape aesthetic activities. Using London as an empirical case to explore the representation and structure of urban landscape aesthetic, a cognitive schema, the cognitive map of its urban landscape, was constructed based on the qualitative analysis of the texts derived from travel notes. Eight aspects of urban landscapes, together with 21 representative concepts of cognitive schema closely related to aesthetic perception, indicate the structures and approaches people perceive in urban landscapes. This article provides experience and reference for urban landscape enhancement and related practices in China by studying the contemporary Western urban landscape.
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Martsinkevich, Galina I., Natallia V. Hahina, Dzmitry M. Kurlovich, and Olga M. Kovalevskaya. "Structure and mapping of landscapes of the Pripyatsky National Park using geoinformation technologies." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Geography and Geology, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2021-1-65-74.

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The article considers new approaches to the study of the structure of natural landscapes, the identification of typical and rare landscapes of Pripyatsky National Park and their mapping using GIS-technologies that allow the creation of digital landscape maps. The relevance of the work is to create the first digital maps for the Pripyatsky National Park, which can be used to expand the network of ecological routes, increase the number of objects of inspection of the territory by tourists, monitoring forests and swamps. The created digital landscape map reflects the hierarchical levels and structure of natural complexes in the rank of genera, species and tracts, as well as the principles of their selection, which correspond to scientific approaches to the classification of landscapes of the Belarusian school of landscape studies. As a result, the main factor of the selection of genera is the genesis, species – the nature of relief, tracts – features of relief and soil-vegetation cover. The mapping of landscapes of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of the Republic of Belarus using GIS-technologies was first tested on the example of the Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve and three national parks (Narochansky, Braslavskie Ozera, Belovezhskaya Pushcha). The digital landscape map of the Pripyatsky National Park, which illustrates the territorial distribution of 4 genera, 19 types of landscapes and 3 types of tracts, helped to clarify the boundaries of landscape units and served as the basis for identifying typical and rare landscapes, which is especially important for identifying rare landscapes that have preserved their natural appearance and have a special nature conservation value and in need of special protection. A digital map of typical and rare landscapes shows that within the boundaries of the park are widely represented species of lake-swamp and alluvial terraced landscapes, typical for the Polesie region, rare landscapes are confined to the floodplain landscape of the Pripyat River with ridged relief, old lakes, floodplain oak forests and tall grass meadows. In general, the identified typical landscapes of the Pripyatsky National Park are representative of the Polesie landscape province and reflect its regional features, and rare ones are found only in this region and emphasize its individuality. Digital maps made it possible to reveal the complex structure of landscapes, to discover not only typical and rare landscapes, but also unique objects in the rank of a natural boundary, and thereby show a more diverse landscape structure of the park than is reflected in the Landscape map of the Republic of Belarus (2014).
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Haines-Young, Roy, and Mark Chopping. "Quantifying landscape structure: a review of landscape indices and their application to forested landscapes." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 20, no. 4 (December 1996): 418–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339602000403.

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An important assumption of many environmental decisions is that some patterns or combinations of land cover are optimal or more preferable to others. Management plans fre quently seek to change the structure of a landscape to realise particular management goals, because it is recognized that the spatial arrangement of elements in a land cover mosaic control the ecological processes which operate within it. This study reviews some of the tools available to those who need to describe and understand the spatial structure of landscapes. In particular, it examines the way in which quantitative measures, or indices, can be used and what contri bution they might make to the management of forested landscapes in the UK. The paper dis cusses the way in which the different landscape indices can be used to assess the spatial impli cations of the various design guidelines that have been proposd to promote sustainable forms of forestry. It is concluded that while progress has been made in the development of a range of landscape pattern measures, and in our understanding of the factors constraining their use, there is a pressing need for further research into the relationship between landscape pattern and ecological process.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Landscape structure"

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Arnot, Charles. "Characterising uncertain landscape structure." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30406.

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This theoretically focused thesis investigates the use of soft classification techniques for identifying and quantifying landscape structures in a real landscape (the forest-savannah intergrade in the Beni savannahs, Bolivia). Two soft classification approaches are used in this study: a Semantic Import Model and a Fuzzy Clustering Model. Landscape structures usually are measured using hard classifications and quantified with landscape metrics. However previous research has highlighted problems with the interpretation and reliability of the resulting metric values. Soft classification techniques are more suitable than hard classification techniques for describing landscapes because they can model the internal inconsistencies and vague boundary transitions (ecotones) between patches of landcover that are common in semi-natural landscapes. The `uncertainty' associated with a landcover classification, ignored in hard classifications, was found to contain information about spatial structures such as ecotones. In this work the uncertainty was quantified through the use of a-cuts and landscape metrics. The results show that the soft classifications provide an additional level of information to approaches using hard classifications. The uncertainty was used to map the structure of ecotones which allows: the spatial distribution of ecotones between combinations of landcovers to be visualised; change in landscape structure to be quantified specific to the chosen combination of landcovers. This provides a more detailed and informative analysis of landscape structure and change, especially relevant in semi-natural landscapes characterised by extensive ecotones. In combination with landscape metrics, such mapping techniques improve the ability of landscape ecologists to quantify uncertain landscape structure. Further research is required to establish the ecological relevance of the landscape structures derived from uncertainty information.
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Parvinian, Mandana. "The Textile Landscape: A Journey through the Structure of Landscape." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30904.

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This is a study in which landscape architecture is theoretically related to the "textile art." It establishes a theoretical analogy of the landscape as a kind of textual manifestation, "the landscape is a textile," and aims to establish new resemblances that show how the landscape and textile arts are related, not only with regards to the elements of composition, or to similarities between the elemental relationships that exist in both these arts, but to how the study of structure and form in the production of textiles may influence our understanding of the textile nature of the landscape. The first part of the research is developing a theoretical analogy between landscape and fabric. The process of making textiles is based on weaving and knitting, operations in which knots obviously play a most important role. The context of the urban landscape can also be viewed as a woven fabric of different threads, where knots are the summit of this interwoven textile. This study shows that the goal of landscape is to knit together the clusters of meaning so that the person can experience the unity that binds up these different qualities. Based on this theoretical analogy, the second part uses the "action research" method which in the context of this study would be a scholarly practice of design, "design-research." Both parts of the research are qualitative inquiry in nature and the qualitative manner of the investigation calls for an inductive investigation rather than a deductive one; theoretical discussions and the design section rely heavily on interpretation of the researcher.
Master of Landscape Architecture
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Goodwin, Brett J. "Landscape connectivity, the interaction between insect movements and landscape spatial structure." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/NQ57611.pdf.

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Goodwin, Brett J. (Brett John) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Landscape connectivity: the interaction between insect movements and landscape spatial structure." Ottawa, 2000.

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Whitney, Karen. "Spatial structure affects landscape ecology function." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 1999. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/1999/amp7637/whitney.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 1999.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 35 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-34).
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Hancock, Peter John Fauley. "Ecological and evolutionary responses to landscape structure." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436885.

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Boesing, Andrea Larissa. "Landscape processes underpinning bird persistence and avian-mediated pest control in fragmented landscapes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-16032017-134918/.

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The influence of habitat loss on biodiversity is related to a set of non-linear processes, which strongly affect isolation and connectivity and determine both extinction and colonization rates. Landscape changes due anthropogenic disturbances are driving not only species loss per se, but also loss of functions performed by those species, which could have important impacts on the provision of ecosystem services and ecosystem function. The objective of this dissertation is to move beyond our current understanding about landscape processes underpinning bird persistence and avian-mediated pest control in fragmented landscapes. In chapter 1, we systematically review the empirical evidence of landscape structure effects on avian-mediated pest control in agricultural systems worldwide in order to point out the main landscape processes underpinning ecosystem service provision and gaps in knowledge where research efforts should be focused. We have found 226 bird species that provide pest regulation worldwide, and a substantial proportion of those are native habitat-dependent species in tropical systems. Moreover, more heterogeneous landscapes, increased habitat amount, and decreased isolation among patches are positively associated with increased avian-mediated pest control rates. Then, using bird data collected in fragmented landscapes in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, in chapter 2 we test for community-level extinction thresholds across a range of biodiversity indices (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity) in order to evaluate how much habitat is need to maintain sustainable ecosystem functioning and ecosystem resilience, and how matrix composition might affect these thresholds. In general, we have found that more permeable matrices are able to postpone species loss in fragmented landscapes. However, since habitat loss reaches 20% of habitat remaining, all aspects of biodiversity are compromised. Finally, in chapter 3 we investigate the cross-habitat spillover process - one of the main processes regulating avian-mediated pest control in tropical regions. Matrix composition is a key factor in facilitating species movement into matrices, as 24% of the species pool can spill over into coffee plantations, while spillover into pasture is nearly non-existent. Moreover, the interaction between forest cover and edge density is an important predictor of spillover when habitat amount is low. Our results suggest that landscape configuration and matrix composition should be considered when planning agricultural landscapes in order to ensure long-term persistence of biodiversity and ecosystem services provision
O efeito da perda de habitat sobre a biodiversidade está ligado a um conjunto de processos não-lineares que fortemente afetam a conectividade e o isolamento da paisagem, e determinam taxas de extinção e colonização. Mudanças na estrutura da paisagem desencadeadas por distúrbios antropogênicos levam não somente à perda de espécies per se, mas também a perda de funções que estas espécies desempenham no ecossistema, com importantes implicações em termos de funcionalidade e provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos. O objetivo geral desta tese é elucidar os processos, que ocorrem no nível da paisagem, que modulam a persistência de aves e, consequentemente, as funções destas aves na provisão do controle de pragas em paisagens fragmentadas. No primeiro capítulo da tese, nós revisamos sistematicamente as evidências empíricas dos efeitos da estrutura da paisagem sobre o controle de pragas provido por aves em sistemas agrícolas ao redor do mundo, identificando os processos, no nível da paisagem, subjacentes a este controle e as lacunas de conhecimento onde futuros esforços devem ser concentrados. Identificamos 226 espécies de aves provendo controle de pragas em sistemas agrícolas, sendo que uma porção substancial destas espécies em sistemas tropicais são dependentes de habitats nativos. Em geral, paisagens mais heterogêneas, com elevada cobertura de habitat nativo e menor isolamento entre fragmentos estão positivamente relacionados com elevadas taxas de controle de pragas provido por aves. Por conseguinte, no segundo capítulo, usamos dados de aves em paisagens fragmentadas emersas em diferentes contextos de matriz agrícola na Mata Atlântica brasileira, para testar limiares de extinção ao nível de comunidade. Foram usadas diferentes métricas de diversidade biológica (taxonômica, funcional e filogenética), com o intuito de avaliar o quanto de habitat é necessário para garantir o funcionamento e resiliência do ecossistema. Nós encontramos que matrizes mais permeáveis são capazes de postergar a perda de espécies em paisagens fragmentadas, no entanto, quando a perda de habitat alcança o limiar crítico de 20%, todos os aspectos da biodiversidade estão comprometidos, independentemente do tipo de matriz. Por fim, no capítulo 3, nós investigamos o processo de \'transbordamento\' (i.e. spillover), um dos principais processos reguladores da provisão do serviço de controle de pragas pela biota dependente de habitats nativos. Nós demonstramos que a composição da matriz é um fator determinante facilitando o movimento de espécies para as matrizes agrícolas, sendo que 24% do pool de espécies consegue utilizar matrizes de cafezal, enquanto este movimento é quase inexistente em matrizes de pastagem. Ademais, em paisagens com pouca cobertura florestal, a interação entre cobertura florestal e densidade de borda é um importante preditivo do spillover. Nossos resultados sugerem que a configuração da paisagem e a composição da matriz devem ser consideradas no planejamento de paisagens agrícolas para garantir a persistência em longo prazo da biodiversidade e a provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos
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Sims, Neil C., and n/a. "The landscape-scale structure and functioning of floodplains." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050706.095439.

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Floodplains are amongst the most productive and biodiverse ecosystems. The structure and functioning of floodplains is controlled by the interaction of intermittent inundation with the floodplain landscape. These interactions create highly complex and dynamic ecosystems that are difficult to study at large scales. Consequently, most research of floodplains has been conducted at small spatial and temporal scales. Inundation of floodplains can extend over many square kilometres, however, which unifies the floodplain landscape into an integrated ecosystem operating at the landscape scale. The lack of data and poor understanding of the landscape-scale structure and functioning of floodplains limits the possibility of managing floodplains sustainably as pressure for exploitation of their resources increases. This thesis quantifies the landscape-scale relationship between the frequency and patterns of inundation, the composition and structure of the landscape, and the functioning of the floodplain landscape in terms of the distribution and dynamics of plant growth vigour over an area of approximately 376,000 ha on the Lower Balonne Floodplain; highly biodiverse, semi-arid floodplain ecosystem that straddles the state border between New South Wales and Queensland approximately 500 km inland from the eastern coast of Australia. Mean annual rainfall at St.George, to the north of the study area, is approximately 400�450 mm per year, and median annual evaporation is approximately 2000 mm per year. Plants and animals on the floodplain are therefore heavily dependent upon flooding for survival. This project is based on the analysis of 13 Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images captured over a 10-year period during which land and water resource development increased substantially. There is now concern that development activities have affected the functioning of the floodplain to the detriment of the natural environment and agricultural productivity. The impacts from these activities on the functioning of the floodplain are not yet known, however. Inundation of the Lower Balonne Floodplain was mapped using a two-part process involving a band ratio to identify deep clear water, and a change detection analysis to identify areas of shallower inundation. This analysis shows that, in contrast with most floodplains, the main flowpath of the Lower Balonne Floodplain runs along its central axis away from river channels, which flow along the floodplain�s outer edges. Inundation propagates from the centre of the floodplain out towards river channels as flood discharge volumes increase. Variations in the spatial pattern of inundated patches within the inundated extent create distinctive aquatic habitat and connectivity conditions at different flow levels. These can be described in terms of three connectivity phases: (I) Disconnected, in which isolated patches of inundation occur at low flows and river channels are hydrologically dislocated from the floodplain; (II) Interaction, where increased hydrological connectivity between inundated patches, and between the floodplain and the river channels at moderate flows, may enable significant exchange of materials, organisms and energy; and (III) Integration, in which almost the entire floodplain landscape is connected by open water during large magnitude floods. There is an abrupt transition in inundation patterns as flows increase between 60,000 ML day-1 and 65,000 ML day-1 (ARI 2 to 2.3 years) in which inundation patterns transform from being relatively disconnected into a highly integrated network of patches. These patterns may have significant consequences for the structure and functioning of the floodplain. Increases in flows across this small range may therefore mark an important ecological flow threshold on this system. Water resource development impacts have changed the relative frequency of flows on the Lower Balonne Floodplain, which will probably affect the sequence of connectivity phases over time. The most likely impact of these changes will be to create a floodplain that is drier overall than under natural flow conditions, and that has a smaller and wetter area of high inundation frequency. The relationship between inundation and the structure of the floodplain landscape was examined by comparing a landcover map showing the distribution and character of 10 landcover types to the inundation frequency maps. Landcover types were mapped from a multi-date Reference Image composite of seven images captured over a period of 10 years. The Reference Image improves landcover discrimination by at least 14% over classification of a single-date image, and has an overall accuracy between 82.5% and 85% at the landscape-scale. The Reference Image shows that the landscape of the Lower Balonne Floodplain is a highly fragmented mosaic of diverse landcover types distributed in association with inundation frequency. Stratifying the floodplain into zones of frequent and rare inundation shows that frequently inundated areas have a less fragmented but less diverse landscape structure than rarely inundated areas. Assessment of the functioning of each landcover types within the floodplain ecosystem, based on landscape pattern metric analysis, indicates that the function of landcover types also changes between inundation frequency zones. Most importantly, these changes include a transformation of the matrix landcover type, which controls the character and dynamics of the ecosystem overall, from Open Grassland to Coolibah Open Woodland in the frequently inundated zone. The landscape structure of the Lower Balonne Floodplain has been affected by development impacts, which include clearing of native vegetation, isolation of parts of the floodplain from natural inundation events by the construction of levee banks and drainage channels, and grazing impacts. Changes to the inundation regime may also affect the structure of the floodplain landscape. Over the long term, these changes are likely to create a larger area of Open Grassland and a smaller area of Coolibah Open Woodland as the zone of frequent inundation becomes smaller and wetter. To examine the functioning of the floodplain ecosystem, the inundation maps were compared to remotely sensed indexes of plant growth vigour at the landscape and landcover-type scales. The dynamics of plant growth vigour over time are influenced by factors operating at the regional, landscape and patch scales. Evaporation is the major control of growth vigour levels at the landscape scale, but each landcover type has a distinctive pattern of growth vigour dynamics that is related to its composition and location, and possibly its landscape structure. The association between the spatial distribution of plant growth vigour and inundation frequency is non-linear, with the highest growth vigour occurring where inundation occurs approximately once per year. This indicates a subsidy-stress interaction with water in which plant growth vigour is limited by soil anoxia in areas of frequent or long term inundation, and by drought stress in rarely inundated areas. A landscape-scale model of growth vigour dynamics, founded on the principles of Hierarchical Patch Dynamics and Landscape Ecology, was created from growth vigour measurements of each landcover type over time. This model was used to examine possible impacts of development activities on the functioning of the floodplain ecosystem. This model shows that the response of plant growth vigour development activities can be complex and subtle, and include a change in mean long-term growth vigour and an increased susceptibility to drought. The model also indicates that periods of high growth vigour can occur in substantially altered floodplain ecosystems. The model was also used to explore the levels of landcover change that might cause a threshold change in the functioning of the ecosystem, which may substantially alter the disturbance-response characteristics of the floodplain ecosystem. The model indicates a threshold change when the extent of Open Grassland is reduced by 30% of its extent in 1993, in which plant growth vigour response to disturbance is virtually inverted from that observed in the images. The temporal variability of plant growth vigour levels increases as the extent of Open Grassland is further reduced. This thesis makes a number of important contributions to our understanding of floodplain structure and functioning. It includes the development of new techniques suited to studying large diverse and complex landscapes at the landscape scale from satellite images, and provides quantitative data describing the links between the structure of floodplain landscapes and their functioning at the landscape scale. This work improves the understanding of floodplain ecosystems by integrating models of floodplain structure and functioning, which have been developed largely from smaller-scale studies of temperate and tropical floodplains, with landscape-scale measurements of this semi-arid system. This thesis also has implications for the Lower Balonne Floodplain by improving the level of information about this important ecosystem and providing baseline data against which the condition of the floodplain can be assessed in future.
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Clarke, S. R. "Irish court tombs : structure, morphology and landscape setting." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438168.

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Sims, Neil C. "The landscape-scale structure and functioning of floodplains." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://cicada.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20050706.095439/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canberra, 2004.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 20, 2005). Pages 185-194 lacking in digital version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-184).
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Books on the topic "Landscape structure"

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Woods, Sarah. Infra structure / landscape. Dublin: University College Dublin, 2002.

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Escobar, Pedro Salmerón. The Alhambra: Structure and landscape. [Granada, Spain]: Biblioteca de La Alhambra, 2007.

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Gustavsson, Roland. Struktur i Lövskogslandskap: = structure in the broadleaved landscape. Alnarp (Sweden): Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1986.

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Hodge, E. M. Landscape character assessment. A new force in structure plans?. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1999.

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The landscape within: An inquiry on the structure of morality. New York: P. Lang, 1994.

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Commission, Western Australian Planning. Southern River-Forrestdale-Brookdale-Wungong district structure plan : final report. Perth, W.A: Western Australian Planning Commission, 2001.

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Clayden, Andy. Residential landscape sustainability. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2007.

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The presumption of culture: Structure, strategy and survival in the Canadian cultural landscape. Vancouver: Raincoast books, 1996.

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Roge-Wiśniewska, Małgorzata. Brudzeń Landscape Park: Natural and cultural environment and state of land use structure. Warsaw: University of Warsaw, 2009.

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Henighan, Tom. The presumption of culture: Structure, strategy, and survival in the Canadian culture landscape. Vancouver, B.C: Raincoast Books, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Landscape structure"

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Ingegnoli, Vittorio. "Landscape Structure." In Landscape Ecology: A Widening Foundation, 53–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04691-3_3.

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Ingegnoli, Vittorio. "Landscape Structure." In Landscape Bionomics Biological-Integrated Landscape Ecology, 23–48. Milano: Springer Milan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5226-0_2.

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Khoroshev, Alexander V. "Multiscale Analysis of Landscape Structure." In Landscape Series, 235–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31185-8_16.

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Renetzeder, Christa, Thomas Wrbka, Sander Mücher, Michiel van Eupen, and Michiel Kiers. "Does Landscape Structure Reveal Ecological Sustainability?" In Landscape Modelling, 159–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3052-8_12.

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von Haaren, Christina, Andrew A. Lovett, and Christian Albert. "Objectives and Structure of the Book." In Landscape Series, 11–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1681-7_2.

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Muir, Richard. "The Structure and Scenery Approach." In Approaches to Landscape, 99–114. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27243-3_3.

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Semenov, Yury M. "Structure of Topogeochores and Modern Landscape-Geochemical Processes." In Landscape Series, 153–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31185-8_10.

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Contin, A. "The Metropolitan Structure for a Set of Metropolitan Landscapes." In Landscape Series, 3–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74424-3_1.

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Vanteeva, Yulia V., and Svetlana V. Solodyankina. "Structure and Phytomass Production of Coastal Geosystems Near Lake Baikal." In Landscape Series, 121–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31185-8_8.

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Guerra, Ivan, and Susan J. Schroeder. "Crumple: An Efficient Tool to Explore Thoroughly the RNA Folding Landscape." In RNA Structure Determination, 1–14. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6433-8_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Landscape structure"

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Vinogradovs, Ivo, Oļģerts Nikodemus, Guntis Tabors, Imants Krūze, and Didzis Elferts. "ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS OF LANDSCAPE CHANGE IN MOSAIC TYPE LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY OF VIDZEME, LATVIA." In Conference for Junior Researchers „Science – Future of Lithuania“. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aainz.2016.31.

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Landscape change has been extensively documented throughout rural Europe over the past decades. The dominating tendencies are intensification of agriculture and land marginalization. In territories of former USSR radical land use changes have shattered rural landscape structure throughout the 20th century, which in many cases have led to land marginalization in form of abandonment of agricultural lands and subsequent uncontrolled afforestation. This process is especially evident in mosaic type landscapes – landscapes of small intertwining structure of patches of agricultural land and forests. The paper presents the results of the study based on application of multinomial logistic regression and cross-analysis using binary logistic regression in R of important physical factors of landscape structure such as land quality, soil texture, slope, as well as land use patch size. Additionally certain human induced factors such as distance to closest paved road, cadastral plot size and availability of Single Area Payments are added for more accurate assessment of the driving forces of landscape change and possible vectors for supplementary studies. Data was gathered in intensive field surveys combined with analysis of high quality remotely sensed data. Results show strong interrelationship of several analyzed factors and thus calls for attention to further development of methodology.
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Redi, Fabio. "Changes and Transformations of the Spatial Structure and Landscape in the Area of L’Aquila between the Fourth and Eighth Centuries AD." In Landscape Archaeology Conference. VU E-Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/lac.2014.8.

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Klimina, E. M., A. V. Ostroukhov, and V. A. Kuptsova. "LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE OF STATE NATURAL RESERVE «BOLON’SKY»." In Современные проблемы регионального развития. ИКАРП ДВО РАН – ФГБОУ ВО «ПГУ им. Шолом-Алейхема», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31433/978-5-904121-22-8-2018-173-175.

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Gorichev, Yuri P., and Vsevolod Y. Gorichev. "MALOYAMANTAU LANDSCAPE DISTRICT OF THE SOUTH URAL RESERVE (FEATURES OF OROGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE)." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-217-218.

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Feng, Wenlan. "Appraisal of landscape health based on landscape structure in Chengdu-Chongqing economic belt, China." In 2010 3rd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2010.5647403.

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Wu, Yanghui, John McCall, and David Corne. "Fitness landscape analysis of Bayesian network structure learning." In 2011 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2011.5949724.

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Liu, Bo. "Quality Evaluation and Structure Optimization of Tourism Landscape." In 2015 International Conference on Management Science and Innovative Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msie-15.2015.51.

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Huhta, Esa, Pekka Helle, Vesa Nivala, and Ari Nikula. "The effect of human-modified landscape structure on forest grouse broods in two landscape types." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107449.

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Pecharova, Emilie. "JESTREBI MOUNTAINS � EFFECT OF MINING ON THE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/52/s20.075.

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Tari, Sara, and Gabriela Ochoa. "Local search pivoting rules and the landscape global structure." In GECCO '21: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3449639.3459295.

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Reports on the topic "Landscape structure"

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McGarigal, Kevin, and Barbara J. Marks. FRAGSTATS: spatial pattern analysis program for quantifying landscape structure. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-351.

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Craver, Daniel. Influence of Wetland Landscape Structure on Duck Nest Success at Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/geogmaster.06.

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Smith, Adam, Megan Tooker, and Sunny Adams. Camp Perry Historic District landscape inventory and viewshed analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39841.

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The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) established the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources, defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. NHPA section 110 requires federal agencies to inventory and evaluate their cultural resources. Section 106 requires them to determine the effect of federal undertakings on properties deemed eligible or potentially eligible for the NRHP. Camp Perry Joint Training Center (Camp Perry) is located near Port Clinton, Ohio, and serves as an Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG) training site. It served as an induction center during federal draft periods and as a prisoner of war camp during World War II. Previous work established boundaries for an historic district and recommended the district eligible for the NRHP. This project inventoried and evaluated Camp Perry’s historic cultural landscape and outlined approaches and recommendations for treatment by Camp Perry cultural resources management. Based on the landscape evaluation, recommendations of a historic district boundary change were made based on the small number of contributing resources to aid future Section 106 processes and/or development of a programmatic agreement in consultation with the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO).
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Bruggeman, Douglas J., Michael L. Jones, and Thorsten Wiegand. Trading Habitat Patches for the Red Cockaded Woodpecker: Incorporating the Role of Landscape Structure and Uncertainty in Decision Making. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada495675.

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Silbernagel, Janet, Jiquan Chen, Margaret R. Gale, Kurt S. Pregitzer, and John Probst. An interpretation of landscape structure from historic and present land cover data in the Eastern Upper Peninsula of Michigan. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-gtr-192.

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Dolgopolova, N. V., I. Ya Pigorev, and V. V. Grudinkina. METHODOLOGY OF DESIGNING CROWNS, AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF SOILS AND THE OPTIMUM STRUCTURE OF SOWING AREAS IN ADAPTIVE LANDSCAPE AGRICULTURE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CENTRAL BLACK SOIL). ФГБОУ ВО Курская ГСХА, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2018-06-14.

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Pawlowski, Wojtek P., and Avraham A. Levy. What shapes the crossover landscape in maize and wheat and how can we modify it. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600025.bard.

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Meiotic recombination is a process in which homologous chromosomes engage in the exchange of DNA segments, creating gametes with new genetic makeup and progeny with new traits. The genetic diversity generated in this way is the main engine of crop improvement in sexually reproducing plants. Understanding regulation of this process, particularly the regulation of the rate and location of recombination events, and devising ways of modifying them, was the major motivation of this project. The project was carried out in maize and wheat, two leading crops, in which any advance in the breeder’s toolbox can have a huge impact on food production. Preliminary work done in the USA and Israeli labs had established a strong basis to address these questions. The USA lab pioneered the ability to map sites where recombination is initiated via the induction of double-strand breaks in chromosomal DNA. It has a long experience in cytological analysis of meiosis. The Israeli lab has expertise in high resolution mapping of crossover sites and has done pioneering work on the importance of epigenetic modifications for crossover distribution. It has identified genes that limit the rates of recombination. Our working hypothesis was that an integrative analysis of double-strand breaks, crossovers, and epigenetic data will increase our understanding of how meiotic recombination is regulated and will enhance our ability to manipulate it. The specific objectives of the project were: To analyze the connection between double-strand breaks, crossover, and epigenetic marks in maize and wheat. Protocols developed for double-strand breaks mapping in maize were applied to wheat. A detailed analysis of existing and new data in maize was conducted to map crossovers at high resolution and search for DNA sequence motifs underlying crossover hotspots. Epigenetic modifications along maize chromosomes were analyzed as well. Finally, a computational analysis tested various hypotheses on the importance of chromatin structure and specific epigenetic modifications in determining the locations of double-strand breaks and crossovers along chromosomes. Transient knockdowns of meiotic genes that suppress homologous recombination were carried out in wheat using Virus-Induced Gene Silencing. The target genes were orthologs of FANCM, DDM1, MET1, RECQ4, and XRCC2.
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Loukos, Panos, and Leslie Arathoon. Landscaping the Agritech Ecosystem for Smallholder Farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Alejandro Escobar and Sergio Navajas. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003027.

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Agriculture is an important source of employment in Latin America and the Caribbean. In rural areas, some 54.6 per cent of the labour force is engaged in agricultural production. Although much of the region shares the same language and cultural heritage, the structure and scale of the agriculture sector varies significantly from country to country. Based on the review of 131 digital agriculture tools, this report, prepared by GSMA and IDB Lab, provides a market mapping and landscape analysis of the most prominent cases of digital disruption. It highlights some of the major trends observed in five digital agriculture use cases, identifies opportunities for digital interventions and concludes with recommendations for future engagement that could deliver long-term, sustainable economic and social benefits for smallholder farmers.
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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Malawi’s challenging employment landscape: Any signs of structural transformation? Synopsis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133259.

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Benneworth, Paul Stephen, and Nadine Zeeman. Policy-making for structural reforms in Welsh higher education landscape. Center for Higher Education Policy Studies, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/4.2589-9716.2017.02.

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