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Academic literature on the topic 'Landscape in literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Landscape in literature":

1

Wang, Yu Shu. "The landscape literature of Liu Zongyuan's landscape literature." Journal of Chinese Literature 80 (August 30, 2020): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31985/jcl.80.2.

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Larsen, Svend Erik. "Landscape, identity and literature." Journal of Literary Studies 13, no. 3-4 (December 1997): 284–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564719708530173.

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Marchetti, Bethany. "Japan's Landscape in Literature." Journal of Geography 92, no. 4 (July 1993): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221349308979650.

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leBrasseur, Richard. "A refined literature review to promote sustainable development through integrated frameworks in the European landscape." Journal of European Landscapes 3 (November 9, 2022): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/jel.2022.3.65331.

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Humans and human communities influence—and are influenced by—the landscapes or ecosystems of which they are a part. The contemporary landscape which much of the world’s population inhabits is a complex matrix of interrelated human and natural systems. The European Landscape Convention’s comprehensive definition recognizes the importance of landscape but is deficient in classification frameworks and cohesive approaches to planning, particularly sustainable development. This paper provides a critical literature review for the term ‘landscape’; it’s evolving and iterative procedure synthesizes interdisciplinary perspectives of literature’s varied theories, paradigms, frameworks and concepts. Results indicate the disciplines of Social Science and Environmental Science transcend the literature and current paradigms for the concept of ‘landscape’ still lack interrelated perspective and are generally poorly understood among disciplines. This literature review concludes that sustainable development within the European landscape requires an integrated spatial approach for applying the concept of ‘landscape’. The context of the human-nature relationship within a socio-ecological production landscape (SEPL) allows the interactions of its interdependent components to be viewed comprehensively. This critical analysis grounds perspectives of landscape and assist students, practitioners, and researchers to interpret concepts of the term ‘landscape’ within multiple frameworks. This paper fills interdisciplinary gaps and provides the structural, spatial, and contextual considerations for further integrated research, theory, and planning in thinking about sustainable development within Europe’s rapidly changing landscapes.
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Louman, Bas, Erica Di Girolami, Seth Shames, Luis Gomes Primo, Vincent Gitz, Sara J. Scherr, Alexandre Meybeck, and Michael Brady. "Access to Landscape Finance for Small-Scale Producers and Local Communities: A Literature Review." Land 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2022): 1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091444.

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Access to finance is a key element of sustainable and inclusive landscapes. We conducted a literature review to identify the factors that contribute to or hinder inclusive financing for micro/small/medium-sized enterprises and projects across sectors in ways that collectively contribute to more sustainable landscapes in the tropics. The key factors in the design of inclusive landscape finance are landscape governance, the financial literacy of local stakeholders, access to finance technology and services, and inclusive finance facilities and associated mechanisms for integrated (i.e., multi-project, multi-sector, spatially coordinated) landscape finance. The most frequent challenges are the types of existing financial products, the lack of livelihood assets among recipients (such as capital and income), the lack of transparency in finance mechanisms, the small scale of potential business cases, and the high risks perceived by finance providers and their customers. From this review, we propose components specifically focused on financial inclusion that complement the framework for integrated landscape finance developed by the Finance Solutions Design Team for the 1000 Landscapes for 1 Billion People Initiative. We suggest how the revised framework can be applied in designing and assessing the inclusiveness of finance mechanisms for integrated landscape management and to guide further research.
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Yeung, Andy Wai Kan, Nikolay T. Tzvetkov, Osama S. El-Tawil, Simona G. Bungǎu, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, and Atanas G. Atanasov. "Antioxidants: Scientific Literature Landscape Analysis." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (January 8, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8278454.

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Antioxidants are abundant in natural dietary sources, and the consumption of antioxidants has a lot of potential health benefits. However, there has been no literature analysis on this topic to evaluate its scientific impact in terms of citations. This study is aimed at identifying and analysing the antioxidant publications in the existing scientific literature. In this context, a literature search was performed with the Web of Science database. Full records and cited references of the 299,602 identified manuscripts were imported into VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Most of the manuscripts were published since 1991. The publications were mainly related to the categories biochemistry/molecular biology, food science technology, and pharmacology/pharmacy. These topics have been prolific since 1990 and before. Polymer science was prolific before, but its publication share declined in the recent two decades. Brazil, China, India, and South Korea have emerged as upcoming major contributors besides USA. Most prolific journals were Food Chemistry, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, and PLOS One. Clinical conditions with high citations included Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Chemical terms and structures with high citations included alpha-tocopherol, anthocyanin, ascorbate, beta-carotene, carotenoid, curcumin, cysteine, flavonoid, flavonol, hydrogen peroxide, kaempferol, N-acetylcysteine, nitric oxide, phenolic acid, uric acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and resveratrol. Citation patterns temporal analysis revealed a transition of the scientific interest from research focused on antioxidant vitamins and minerals into stronger attention focus on antioxidant phytochemicals (plant secondary metabolites).
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Kelly, William P., and Alfred Kazin. "A Writer's America: Landscape in Literature." Journal of American History 76, no. 3 (December 1989): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2936439.

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Bunkse, Edmunds V., and Alfred Kazin. "A Writer's America: Landscape in Literature." Geographical Review 80, no. 2 (April 1990): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215490.

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Ikeda, Tomoko, and Akira Ohgai. "Study on Landscape from Literature Works." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 28 (October 25, 1993): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.28.583.

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Chadwick, Tom, and Pieter Vermeulen. "Literature in the New Archival Landscape." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436928.2020.1712793.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Landscape in literature' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Landscape in literature":

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Cawood, Megan. "Invisible landscapes : landscape, memory and time in W.G. Sebald's Austerlitz." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7464.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-84).
The eponymous protagonist of Austerlitz, W.G. Sebald's final prose novel, is haunted by landscapes of loss. Both Austerlitz and the narrator are acutely aware of the signs of destruction and of the invisible histories of loss in the landscapes through which they travel. Through the gaze of both these characters Sebald exposes the haunted wasteland of post -war Europe and describes the sites of many of the atrocities of the Holocaust. While much has been written about Sebald's use of landscape and his emphasis on memory, there is very little research to date that has taken a phenomenological approach to Sebald's texts. There are specific affinities, for example, between the musings of the protagonist and the narrator of Sebald's Austerlitz and Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of perception. This dissertation explores the implications of Merleau-Ponty's existential phenomenology as an approach to Sebald's Austerlitz, by showing that while phenomenology provides a valuable conceptual framework through which to engage the novel, there are aspects of this phenomenological approach which Sebald's work, in its narrative form, is able to extend beyond the boundaries of philosophical discourse. The central argument is that Austerlitz's perception of architectural sites is inextricably linked to aspects of memory and narrative. This dissertation first explores the thematic concerns of the outworking of traumatic memory in the spaces of architecture, in the subjective experience of time, and in the act of perception; after which it examines how Sebald's narrative technique creates a text-scape which implicates its reader's gaze.
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Hargrave, Lawrence Wayne. "Landscape and Literature: Louis L'Amour's Four Corners." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?miami1052943382.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Geography, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 58 p. : ill., maps. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-54).
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O'Dell, Emily Jane. "Excavating the emotional landscape of ancient Egyptian literature." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318347.

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Griffith, Gareth William. "Rhetorical functions of landscape in early Middle English literature." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/49aeb511-c89a-4f52-b241-80415ba5c152.

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This thesis explores the ways in which landscape is used, in texts from the English Middle Ages, in order to guide the response of the audience. It begins with an examination of the ways in which landscape was viewed more widely in the medieval period, especially the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, tracing literary theories derived from study of the Bible and arguing that these theories were likely to have been carried across into reading secular texts. I also examine some of the Biblical and classical archetypes that shaped literary understanding of particular landscape features.
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O'Connell, Nicholas. "On sacred ground : the landscape literature of the Pacific Northwest /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9398.

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Malik, Farhana. "Women and landscape in Willa Cather's writings." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299783.

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Pountney, Robert. "Thomas Hardy's creative use of the landscape." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265585.

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Graves, Jesse. "Tennessee Landscape with Blighted Pine: Poems." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. http://a.co/j0m87CX.

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Jesse Graves was born and raised in Sharps Chapel, Tennessee, where his ancestors settled in the 1780s. His poems and essays have appeared in Prairie Schooner, Southern Quarterly, Connecticut Review, and other journals, anthologies, and collections. He teaches at East Tennessee State University, where he is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Literature and Language. "I admire the assurance, the formal authority of Graves’ craft."—Robert Morgan
https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1096/thumbnail.jpg
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Garner-Jones, Susan Patricia. "Paradise imperilled : responses to the landscape in English literature (1880-1920)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364180.

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Rapson, Jessica. "Topographies of suffering : encountering the Holocaust in landscape, literature and memory." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2012. http://research.gold.ac.uk/8025/.

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As the Holocaust passes out of living memory, this thesis re-evaluates the potential of commemorative landscapes to engender meaningful and textualised encounters with a past which, all too often, seems distant and untouchable. As the concentration camps and mass graves that shape our experiential access to this past are integrated into tourist itineraries, associated discourse is increasingly delimited by a pervasive sense of memorial fatigue which is itself compounded by the notion that the experiences of the Holocaust are beyond representation; that they deny, evade or transcend communication and comprehension. Harnessing recent developments across memory studies, cultural geography and ecocritical literary theory, this thesis contends that memory is always in production and never produced; always a journey and never a destination. In refusing the notion of an ineffable past, I turn to the texts and topographies that structure contemporary encounters with the Holocaust and consider their potential to create an ethically grounded and reflexive past-present engagement. Topographies of Suffering explores three case studies: the Buchenwald Concentration Camp Memorial, Weimar, Germany; the mass grave at Babi Yar, Kiev, Ukraine; and the razed village of Lidice, Czech Republic. These landscapes are revealed as evolving palimpsests; multi-layered, multi-dimensional and texturised spaces always subject to ongoing processes of mediation and remediation. I examine memory’s locatedness in landscape alongside the ways it may travel according to diverse literary and spatial de-territorializations. The thesis overall brings three disparate sites together as places in which the past can be encounterable, immersive and affective. In doing so, it looks to a future in which the others of the past can be faced, and in which the alibi of ineffability can be consigned to history
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Books on the topic "Landscape in literature":

1

Michele, Bottalico, Chialant Maria Teresa, and Rao Eleonora, eds. Literary landscapes, landscape in literature. Roma: Carocci, 2007.

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Carroll, Jane Suzanne. Landscape in children's literature. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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Carroll, Jane Suzanne. Landscape in children's literature. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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Benozzo, Francesco. Landscape perception in early Celtic literature. Aberystwyth: Celtic Studies Publications, 2004.

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1949-, Farah Cynthia, ed. Literature & landscape: Writers of the Southwest. El Paso, Tex: Texas Western Press, University of Texas at El Paso, 1988.

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Ebbatson, Roger. Landscape and Literature 1830–1914. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137330444.

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Roth, Henry. Shifting landscape. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.

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Roth, Henry. Shifting landscape. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1995.

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Roth, Henry. Shifting landscape. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.

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Fabricant, Carole. Swift's landscape. Paris: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Landscape in literature":

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Aadlandsvik, Ragna. "Entering a new landscape." In Dementia and Literature, 21–36. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in the medical humanities: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315207315-2.

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Ebbatson, Roger. "Introduction: The Shifting Landscape." In Landscape and Literature 1830–1914, 1–18. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137330444_1.

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Douthwaite, John. "Chapter 9. A social landscape." In Linguistic Approaches to Literature, 153–89. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lal.28.09dou.

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Fioretti, Daniele. "The Theoretical Landscape." In Utopia and Dystopia in Postwar Italian Literature, 17–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46553-1_2.

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Rizzo, Davide, Marta Debolini, Claudine Thenail, Sylvie Lardon, and Elisa Marraccini. "Agriculture at the Landscape Level: Scientific Background and Literature Overview." In Landscape Agronomy, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05263-7_1.

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Hatherley, Owen. "False landscape syndrome." In The Routledge Companion on Architecture, Literature and The City, 190–208. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315613154-13.

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Mayhew, Robert J. "The Moral Landscape: Johnson’s Doctrine of Landscape, 1738–59." In Landscape, Literature and English Religious Culture, 1660–1800, 154–212. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504196_6.

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Ardohain, Claudio. "Mystical Experience and Sacred Landscape." In The Poetry of Life in Literature, 159–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3431-8_11.

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Ebbatson, Roger. "Prophetic Landscapes: Hardy and Jefferies." In Landscape and Literature 1830–1914, 125–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137330444_11.

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Ebbatson, Roger. "‘In Front of the Landscape’: Spectral Ressentiment." In Landscape and Literature 1830–1914, 92–103. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137330444_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Landscape in literature":

1

Ural, Tülin. "Gender and Landscape in Turkish Literature." In 7th International Conference on Gender Studies: Gender, Space, Place & Culture. Eastern Mediterranean University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/gspc19/634-648/39.

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"Research on the Xishu Garden Based on Landscape Identity." In 2018 International Conference on Culture, Literature, Arts & Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icclah.18.040.

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"Analysis on the Design Theory and Design Method of Interactive Landscape." In 2018 International Conference on Culture, Literature, Arts & Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icclah.18.057.

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"Research on the Artistic Conception of landscape in Chinese Painting." In 2017 4th International Conference on Literature, Linguistics and Arts. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/iclla.2017.31.

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"Tactics of Promoting Cultural of Urban Landscape in Gansu Province." In 2018 International Conference on Arts, Linguistics, Literature and Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icallh.2018.31.

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"Research on Style Evolution and Development of Chinese Landscape Painting." In 2018 International Conference on Arts, Linguistics, Literature and Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icallh.2018.34.

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Farghaly, Yasser, Nermine Aly Hany, and Yasmin Moussa. "The Interrelationship Between Restorative Environments and Visual Preferences in University Campus Landscapes." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021223n16.

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Educational settings are considered some of the most mentally depleting environments since they require high concentration, creativity, and efficiency. University campuses clearly portray these environments. Therefore, there is an immense need for campus settings where users can take outdoor breaks to restore and redirect their attention. Well-designed outdoor landscapes can have restorative effects on users, and in turn increase their concentration and overall productivity. This interdisciplinary research explores key literature on restorative concepts and visual preferences from the field of environmental psychology. It also examines the restorative campus landscape character from an urban design perspective. However, there are no coherent frameworks that correlate the three dimensions: restorative landscape design concepts, visual landscape preferences, and appropriate campus planning strategies. Therefore, the research summarizes the key literature findings, and merges the three parameters into a comprehensive assessment tool designed explicitly for university campuses. The paper concludes with a proposed tool (framework) that can provide guidelines to help landscape architects and planners to design restorative campus open spaces and recognize their insufficiencies.
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Kurmilavičienė, Giedrė. "TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LANDSCAPE BY DISTINGUISHING LANDSCAPE TAXONOMIC UNITS." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/29.

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"Landscape as a whole of the components around us must be properly explored, analyzed, protected, managed and planned. All of this are necessary to ensure the sustainable (balanced) development of the state, which seeks a harmonious and responsible approach of the state and society to the landscape and spatial planning. Therefore, in this work, the author examines how landscape typological units are distinguished in different areas. Examining the works of different authors, it can be observed that often different and similar features of the landscape are chosen in order to distinguish taxonomic units. Also, even when distinguishing territorial units of a landscape with the same taxonomic level, the features identifying this unit do not always coincide. Therefore, it is necessary to harmonize landscape cognition practices in order to achieve a balanced landscape knowledge. The aim of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of the landscape. To achieve this goal, the following goals were set: 1. To perform literature analysis; 2. To determine the diversity of landscape features by distinguishing landscape typological units; 3. Identify the most commonly used landscape features; 4. To present the classification of landscape features according to the typological units of the landscape. The following methods were used in the work: literature analysis, cartographic analysis, database analysis. Therefore, in order to harmonize the practices of landscape typological cognition, at first it should be defined which landscape features are considered essential. In other words, it is necessary to clearly distinguish and identify those features that are the most popular and provide the most information about the landscape itself. Thus, the aim of this work is to present the diversity of these features and to present their possible classification depending on the taxonomic units of the landscape to which they are assigned"
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Liu, Jiaying, Weiwei Li, and Menghu Wang. ""Suiyuan" Landscape Literature and the Creation Activities of the "Suiyuan" Backbones." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassee-19.2019.108.

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Berdie, Adeline-Alexandra. "Linguistic Diversity in the Urban Linguistic Landscape of Sibiu." In International Conference on New Trends in Languages, Literature and Social Communications (ICNTLLSC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210525.001.

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Reports on the topic "Landscape in literature":

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Saltus, Christina, and Eric Britzke. Literature review : macrohabitat metrics to identify presence of chiroptera on the landscape in the United States. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45523.

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This special report reviews current scientific literature to identify the most commonly cited metrics used to describe the macrohabitat criteria important for Chiroptera presence in the United States. The review evaluates 69 scientific articles from 1994 to 2018. The most commonly cited metrics were divided into four main categories: tree-species-level metrics, landscape-level metrics, distance metrics, and topographic and atmospheric metrics. Of all metrics found, the top six most common metrics noted across all articles were percent canopy cover, diameter at breast height (DBH), forest type, distance to water, distance to roads or other urban features, and tree density. In addition, 27 of the 47 (57%) bat species located within the United States were represented. These metrics provide important insight into the regional or national species-level distribution and assist with modeling the relationship between species distribution and habitat change.
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Banya, Roland Mwesigwa. Landscape Analysis of Social Investment in East Africa. Centre on African Philanthropy and Social Investment, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47019/2022.rr13.

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ocial investment in East Africa is a nascent but fast-growing phenomenon with immense potential to realize the achievement of the sustainable development goals. It plays a very important role in the financing of a plethora of development sectors in East Africa, for instance, financial inclusion and poverty eradication, health and well-being, education, responsible energy production and consumption in the region. This article applies a mixed methods approach to carry out a non-exhaustive landscape analysis of the social investment market in East Africa with a keen focus on Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. Based on relevant literature, available secondary data and a survey administered to social investors, this article applies the basic social investment market framework to highlight the dominant players in the demand and supply market spheres. The findings show that the supply of investment capital is misaligned with the demand from organizations and businesses and demand outweighs the supply. This article further analyses the challenges faced by the social investment players and also provides viable recommendations to drive the scale of social investment in East Africa.
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Luo, Hao, Ricardo Chahine, Arianna Rambaram, Elizabeth Theresa Rosenzweig, Konstantina Gkritza, and Hua Cai. Assessing the Travel Demand and Mobility Impacts of Transformative Transportation Technologies in Indiana. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317374.

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The rapid development of transformative transportation technologies, such as bike-sharing, shared e-scooters, and ride-hailing systems, is reshaping the transportation landscape. These transformative transportation technologies have the potential to significantly change travel behavior and travel demand and affect transportation agencies’ planning, operations, and decision-making. The objective of this project is to develop a framework and models to quantify the potential travel demand and mobility impacts of transformative transportation technologies in Indiana cities. This project analyzed historical system usage data and conducted survey studies to evaluate the availability and use of transformative transportation technologies in select Indiana cities. The project also proposed a data-driven model to study the relationship between shared micro-mobility and the existing transit system and developed a simulation model to analyze the potential mode choice change under different future development scenarios. Additionally, based on a comprehensive literature review, a list of operations; environmental, health and safety; and accessibility and equity metrics were identified as the Key Performance Indicators to evaluate transformative transportation technologies. Furthermore, as this study was conducted in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts of the pandemic on both traditional and transformative transportation systems were also examined as documented in the literature and stated in our survey.
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Price, Roz. Metrics and Indicators to Assess Adaptation. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.050.

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The field of climate change adaptation metrics is complex and fast-changing. Given the highly contextual nature of adaptation and the array of applied definitions of adaptation and “success”, there is no single global set of adaptation metrics and indicators or definition of adaptation success. There is a burgeoning literature on the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), how to measure it and adaptation metrics. However, the landscape is scattered and the subject is very complex. Climate impacts and the effects of adaptation measures themselves spill across national borders, although adaptation is still treated as a largely domestic issue despite the global rhetoric of the GGA. This makes an aggregate global goal extremely technically challenging and tracing the plethora of existing indicators and metrics difficult. Furthermore, there is relatively few specific literature directly on the topic of global measurement of adaptation. This rapid review provides information on some of the metrics and measurement approaches in use across national and sub-national government levels. It gives a brief discussion of the issues around measuring the GGA, flags some key resources in this area and also touches on some initiatives and guidance aimed at helping users to select metrics. This is not a systematic review and given the time limitations and the number of adaptation metrics approaches in use, it is only able to provide a small snapshot of current research.
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Price, Roz. Climate Adaptation: Lessons and Insights for Governance, Budgeting, and Accountability. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.008.

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This rapid review draws on literature from academic, policy and non-governmental organisation sources. There is a huge literature on climate governance issues in general, but less is known about effective support and the political-economy of adaptation. A large literature base and case studies on climate finance accountability and budgeting in governments is nascent and growing. Section 2 of this report briefly discusses governance of climate change issues, with a focus on the complexity and cross-cutting nature of climate change compared to the often static organisational landscape of government structured along sectoral lines. Section 3 explores green public financial management (PFM). Section 4 then brings together several principles and lessons learned on green PFM highlighted in the guidance notes. Transparency and accountability lessons are then highlighted in Section 5. The Key findings are: 1) Engaging with the governance context and the political economy of climate governance and financing is crucial to climate objectives being realised. 2) More attention is needed on whether and how governments are prioritising adaptation and resilience in their own operations. 3) Countries in Africa further along in the green PFM agenda give accounts of reform approaches that are gradual, iterative and context-specific, building on existing PFM systems and their functionality. 4) A well-functioning “accountability ecosystem” is needed in which state and non-state accountability actors engage with one another. 5) Climate change finance accountability systems and ecosystems in countries are at best emerging. 6) Although case studies from Nepal, the Philippines and Bangladesh are commonly cited in the literature and are seen as some of the most advanced developing country examples of green PFM, none of the countries have had significant examples of collaboration and engagement between actors. 7) Lessons and guiding principles for green PFM reform include: use the existing budget cycle and legal frameworks; ensure that the basic elements of a functional PFM system are in place; strong leadership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF) and clear linkages with the overall PFM reform agenda are needed; smart sequencing of reforms; real political ownership and clearly defined roles and responsibilities; and good communication to stakeholders).
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Levesque, Justine, Jordan Babando, Nathaniel Loranger, and Shantel Johnson. COVID-19 prevalence and infection control measures at homeless shelters and hostels in high-income countries: a scoping review. The Homeless Hub, York University, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/38850.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted homeless populations and service workers, especially within homeless shelter/hostel settings. To date, there have been few evidence syntheses examining outbreaks of COVID-19 among both homeless shelters residents and service workers, nor has there been a critically engaged summary of relevant infection control and prevention (IPAC) measures. This scoping review offers a timely and much-needed synthesis of COVID-19 prevalence within homeless shelters and a review of current and pertinent IPAC measures. Methods: We conducted a scoping review in June 2021 that synthesized academic and grey literature published from March 2020 to July 2021 pertaining to 1) the prevalence of COVID-19 among both residents and staff in homeless shelters and hostels in high-income countries, and 2) COVID-19 IPAC strategies applied in these settings. Two reviewers independently screened the results of the literature search of several databases that included MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and the WHO’s COVID-19 Global Health Portal. All the extracted data was mapped, categorized, and thematically discussed. Results: Thematic analysis of included literature revealed five key themes: 1) the demographics of COVID-19 in homeless shelters, 2) asymptomatic spread, 3) pre-existing vulnerability of the homeless and shelters, 4) the limited application of IPAC, and 5) IPAC effectiveness. Conclusion: This review offers a useful glimpse into the landscape of COVID-19 outbreaks in homeless shelters/hostels and the major contributing factors to these events. The scoping review revealed that there is no clear indication of generally accepted IPAC standards for homeless populations and shelter care workers. This review also illustrated a great need for future research to establish IPAC best practices as well as additional resources for shelter systems to protect residents and staff at homeless shelters/hostels in high-income countries. Finally, the findings from this review reaffirm that homelessness prevention is a key to limiting disease outbreaks, and the associated negative health outcomes in shelter populations.
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Kelly, Luke. Lessons on Disaster Resilience Pogramming in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.057.

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This rapid literature review finds that lessons drawn from disaster resilience programmes in Pakistan are focused on the best ways to co-ordinate between different resilience work in different sectors. This can be difficult because of the number of NGOs with different sectoral expertise, short time frames for intervention, and the differing capacities of levels of Pakistani government. More generally, although the benefits of linking disaster risk reduction (DRR) to climate change adaptation (CCA) and development work are advocated in many policies, the fact that they are often undertaken by different actors limits synergies. The report also finds that most DRR work is focused on reducing risk from hazards rather than social vulnerabilities. Pakistan is vulnerable to climate change and a range of natural disasters. Following the earthquake in 2005 and floods in 2010, the Pakistani government and international donors have sought to increase the country's resilience to natural hazards. This literature review focuses on disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts, as these constitute a significant portion of the resilience work in Pakistan. It first defines resilience, DRR and the related concept of CCA, as these all aim to improve resilience. It then surveys lessons learned in implementing resilience and DRR programmes in Pakistan. It focuses on lessons relating to sectoral focus, target populations, as well as strategic framework and operating models. It is mainly based on evaluations written by NGOs, UN bodies and international financial institutions. NGO reports are typically focused on specific programmes, although some point to broader features of the landscape for resilience programming in Pakistan. Academic papers charting the trends and issues in resilience programming have also been consulted.
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Just, David, and Amir Heiman. Building local brand for fresh fruits and vegetables: A strategic approach aimed at strengthening the local agricultural sector. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600039.bard.

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Abstract The debate about whether to reduce import barriers on fresh produce in order to decrease the cost of living and increase welfare or to continue protecting the local agricultural sector by imposing import duties on fresh vegetables and fruits has been part of the Israeli and the US political dialog. The alternative of building a strong local brand that will direct patriotic feelings to support of the agricultural sector has been previously discussed in the literature as a non-tax barrier to global competition. The motivation of consumers to pay more for local fresh fruits and vegetables are better quality, environmental concerns, altruism, and ethnocentrism. Local patriotic feelings are expected to be stronger among national-religious consumers and weaker among secular left wing voters. This project empirically analyzes consumers’ attitude toward local agricultural production, perceptions of the contribution of the agricultural sector to society and how these perceptions interact with patriotic beliefs and socio-political variables perhaps producing an ethnocentric preference for fruits and vegetables. This patriotic feeling may be contrasted with feelings toward rival (or even politically opposing) countries competing in the same markets. Thus geo-political landscape may help shape the consumer’s preferences and willingness to purchase particular products. Our empirical analysis is based on two surveys, one conducted among Israeli shoppers and one conducted among US households. We find strong influences of nationalism, patriotism and ethnocentrism on demand for produce in both samples. In the case of Israel this manifests itself as a significant discount demanded for countries in conflict with Israel (e.g., Syria or Palestine), with the discount demanded being related to the strength of the conflict. Moreover, the effect is larger for those who are either more religious, or those who identify with right leaning political parties. The results from the US are strikingly similar. For some countries the perception of conflict is dependent on political views (e.g., Mexico), while for others there is a more agreement (e.g., Russia). Despite a substantially different religious and political landscape, both right leaning political views and religiosity play strong roles in demand for foreign produce.
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Pillay, Hitendra, and Brajesh Pant. Foundational ( K-12) Education System: Navigating 21st Century Challenges. QUT and Asian Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.226350.

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Foundational education system commonly referred to as K-12 school education is fundamental for people to succeed in life as noted in United Nations declaration of human rights. Consequently, decades of investments have helped K-12 sector evolve and respond to new demands but many of the traditional thinking has remained and thus hinder agility and disruptive evolution of the system. In most countries the national school education systems are perhaps the largest single enterprise and subjected to socio-cultural, economic and political influences, which in turn make it reluctant and/or difficult to change the system. However, as the world transitions from industrial revolution to information revolution and now to knowledge economy, the foundational education sector has been confronted with several simultaneous challenges. The monograph reviews and analyses how these challenges may be supported in a system that is reliant on traditional rigid time frames and confronted by complex external pressures that are blurring the boundaries of the school education landscape. It is apparent that doing more of the same may not provide the necessary solutions. There is a need to explore new opportunities for reforming the school education space, including system structures, human resources, curriculum designs, and delivery strategies. This analytical work critiques current practices to encourage K-12 educators recognize the need to evolve and embrace disruptions in a culture that tends to be wary of change. The key considerations identified through this analytical work is presented as a set of recommendations captured under four broad areas commonly used in school improvement literature
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Donnelly, Phoebe, and Boglarka Bozsogi. Agitators and Pacifiers: Women in Community-based Armed Groups in Kenya. RESOLVE Network, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.4.

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This research report is a case study of women’s participation in community-based armed groups (CBAGs) in Kenya. It examines: the diversity of women’s motivations to participate in community-based armed groups in Kenya; women’s roles and agency within community-based armed groups, communal conflicts, as well as community security and peacebuilding structures; and gender dynamics in conflict ecosystems, including social perceptions about women’s engagement in conflict. This case study contributes to the literature on women and CBAGs by examining the variations in their engagement across a single country, based on diverse local contexts. Data collection sites for the study included 1) the capital city, Nairobi; 2) Isiolo County; 3) Marsabit County; 4) Mombasa County; and 5) Bungoma County. Together, these sites provide insight into local conflict dynamics in rural and urban areas; on country borders and on the coast; and in communities with ethnic polarization, land conflicts, criminal gangs, and histories of violent extremism and secessionist movements. The Kenyan research team employed a qualitative approach to data collection through key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and the use of secondary source data. The findings show that there is no single template for understanding women’s engagement with CBAGs; instead, women’s motivations and roles within these groups are varied and highly contextual, just as with the motivations and roles of men. This study demonstrates the utility of context-specific analyses at the sub-national level to capture the range of women’s participation in and engagement with CBAGs and their greater contributions to the local security landscape.

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