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Crawford, Joe. "A political sociology of eviction practices in the Scottish social rented housing sector." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22336.
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Based on in-depth semi-structured interview data from 35 housing professionals, this study examines the question; why do social landlords evict their tenants. Drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu this study argues that by examining the relationship between objective and subjective positions, the false antinomy of structure/agency can be dissolved, providing a more heuristic understanding of eviction practices in the social rented housing sector. This relationship is captured in what Bourdieu (2000) calls ‘objectivity of the second order’, that is, the collective conventions, the shared norms and values, and the categories of perception which agents apply to the world. The argument put forward here is that, in order to understand evictions practices in their ‘totality’, it is necessary to move beyond social physics and social phenomenology by constructing, as the object of study, the relation between the two. Using Boltanski and Thevenot’s (1991) ‘economy of worth’ model, (itself a form of frame analysis), it is possible to capture an important aspect of this ‘objectivity of the second order’, via the frames through which housing professionals derive meaning from their work, providing access to an otherwise elusive aspect of qualitative enquiry. This research contributes new insights and analysis in the field of housing studies by adopting a comprehensively theoretical approach, which has not been applied to understanding evictions practices, thereby adding to existing knowledge. It also provides a detailed political sociology of why, despite the apparent contradictions, social landlords evict their tenants.
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Dowling, James Alan. "The Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland) 1860." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289437.
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Paquin, Julie. "Psychological dimensions of access to justice : an empirical study and typology of disputing styles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ50956.pdf.
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Webster, Peter. "The relationship of tenant and successor landlord in Scots law." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27040.
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This thesis provides the first detailed study of the relationship in Scots law between a tenant and a singular successor of the landlord. It considers both the rules which apply to short (unregistered) leases and those which apply to long (registered) leases. The primary aim is to set out and analyse current Scots law. Where relevant reference is made to the rules of other legal systems, such as English, German and South African law. The first part considers the prevalent view that singular successors are affected only by terms which appear in a document of lease. The potential for successor landlords to be affected by variations to the initial lease, side-letters and unimplemented terms of missives is considered. The second part considers the rules for determining whether particular conditions of a lease are ‘personal’ (in the sense of binding only the original landlord) or ‘real’ (in the sense of binding the landlord’s successors). This distinction is based on the content of the relevant condition. The thesis locates the distinction in property and contract law doctrine and reveals it to be a mandatory one, which parties to a lease cannot circumvent by intention. It considers the accepted test for distinguishing the real and personal conditions (the ‘inter naturalia’ test) and identifies problems with it. A revised test is proposed and then applied, in the following chapters, to particular types of lease term. Terms which are analysed include break options, renewal options, options to purchase, terms permitting the retention of rent, and terms relating to land other than the subjects of the lease. The final part considers whether the fact that the successor acquired gratuitously or with knowledge of the terms of the lease results in his being bound by terms which would otherwise by personal. That is to say, it considers the ‘offside goals’ rule.
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Morden, Aida Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "Tenant-landlord communicative interaction: the influence of litigation in public housing." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Built Environment, 2010. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44812.
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In this thesis, public housing was investigated with particular reference to the nature of communication between the landlord and tenant. It focussed on interactive behaviours and the incidence of litigation. The study attempts to bridge the gap between social theory and social practice through the application of existing social theory in the description and analyses of social problems. Based on a critical review of the relevant literature, the characteristics of communicative interaction and human relationships are described, together with the history of housing provision and the growth of litigation to resolve issues in public housing. Research of communicative interaction in the housing sector in general and the landlord-tenant interaction in particular has been a neglected area of research that is addressed in this thesis. An initial study surveyed both tenants and housing officers in the Sydney metropolitan area. Social analysis focuses on local interaction between landlord and tenant and how these local interactions expand into global patterns. The thesis analyses how power-relating, ideological/evaluative and ethical choices of housing officers and tenants influence their communicative interaction and the subsequent access and distribution of services and resources in the public housing sector. The theoretical framework explicates on complex responsive processes (CRP) perspective. CRP is a process theory that looks into the simultaneous and co-influencing relationship between the individual and the social and multi-agency approach in social analysis. The conceptualising framework relies on the application of this theory and the principles of Humanity, human rights and social justice to achieve a dialogical communicative interaction. The thesis applied complementary quantitative and qualitative methods where a quantitative study of a small population was conducted using structured interviews and group meetings to guide the qualitative research. The population was identified by natural experiment, i.e., identification of two populations in a public housing estate: a Participative group, comprising tenants who had consciously participated in the housing authorities?? renewal programs, and a Non-participative group of tenants who had not taken part in the Tenant Participation programs by Housing New South Wales (HNSW). The housing officers and tenants were identified using snowball and quota sampling. The findings reveal a conspicuous absence of research that focus on local interaction between housing officers and tenants in public housing. The study confirms the anti-dialogical nature of communicative interaction in public housing, which is iterated, sustained and perpetuated by the use of litigation, a mechanism that is increasingly being preferred to settle disputes, by both landlord and tenant.
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Lister, Diane. "Negotiating the impossible? : the pursuit of fair and equitable relationships between landlords and under 25s in the private rented sector." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14004/.
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Relationships between landlords and young people, (those under 25), in the private rented sector (PRS) in England and Wales raise a number of important issues for social policy, housing policy and legislation. Firstly, the PRS performs a key role in accommodating young single people who are disproportionately represented in the sector, as access to other tenures is limited. Secondly, successive policy initiatives and legislation have transformed the letting environment in the PRS in conjunction with limiting the resources available to young people to finance accommodation in the sector. Thirdly, relationships in the PRS are at the intersection of a number of legislative provisions and policy regimes resulting in a range of assumptions about each party's respective modes of behaviour in the sector. These aspects of relationships and associated policy and legislative contexts are the key features of exploration in this thesis. This thesis has two main aims. Firstly, to explore assumptions about the nature of the existing legal framework in the PRS and assess its adequacy in regulating relationships. Secondly, to explore the social and economic contexts of relationships and their importance. A qualitative approach was adopted to examine these issues and four research methods were used: in-depth qualitative interviews, vignettes, flashcards and an analysis of letting agreements. The research was conducted in York and a total of 35 interviews were carried out, 15 with landlords, 15 with young people in the PRS, and 5 with representatives of local organisations. This thesis raises implications about the limited role of the law in regulating relationships in the PRS and raises questions about how fair and equitable relationships can be achieved. Regulation and reform of the sector require careful consideration and an awareness of the social and economic contexts of relationships. This thesis provides both a theoretical and empirical basis for the future exploration of these issues.
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Starikova, Anastasia. "OPTIMAL OFFICE FOR TENANT: DESIGN PERSPECTIVES." Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-89792.
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At present the office real estate market in Sweden faces new challenges since the economic and real estate crisis of 2008-2010 years. Since the time of economic and real estate crisis of 2008-2010 years, the office real estate market has started to face new challenges. For example, office vacancy rates have increased significantly and challenges how to find the tenant for office premises became very actual. At the same time the demand for high quality office premises still exists on the market but with new requirements to the standards of the office working space. It is happening because the employees’ needs and requirements become more oriented to the comfort and safety of the working place. The employers try to keep and motivate employees by providing the most efficient and comfortable office space to work in and balance on cost-quality issues at the same time. In order to influence on demand from tenants’ and empower tenant search process the landlords have to use new, more competitive methods. The external design of the building and internal design of the office space in particular become more and more significant in leasing, sub-leasing and buying premises property purchase at the real estate office market. It is also useful and important because tenants can change the interior and design project upon their business needs and company’s strategies. The aim of this research paper is to set up the hypothesis that the office’s space design has a significant influence on tenant search process, plays the key role in so-called optimal office for tenant and tests above mentioned hypothesis by the empirical research study (method of questionnaire) among real “market players”-tenant representatives, consulting agencies and property owners. The location for the research and analysis activities is selected as Stockholm and Stockholm’s region, time frame is September - October 2010.
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Sauchyk, Dzmitry. "Key Considerations When Selecting Environmental Rating System : Decision-Making Analysis from Landlord and Tenant Perspective." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211139.
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It is estimated that nearly 100 various environmental product certification rating tools are implemented in the United States construction and real estate industries. Choice of a certain building sustainability measurement tool depends on the specific need for reflection of buildings’ impact on the natural and urban environment as well as its tenants. Selection of the appropriate rating system is a decision-making process performed by the project client (landlord of the building, potential or current tenant) which can be affected by clients’ insufficient knowledge or otherwise be biased. The result of selection decision has significant consequences for the project design, construction process complexity and entire life-cycle of the building. In this work, an effort is made to facilitate decision-making process of best environmental rating alternative selection for a “green building” project. The analytic hierarchy process is used to perform unbiased decision making on the environmental rating selection. The decision process has been evaluated from the landlord and the tenant perspectives. The findings of this study show that for the landlord, it would be enough to be certified with a single-attribute rating that covers only one characteristic of building sustainability and, according to AHP analysis, satisfies all significant landlord’s requirements for the environmental rating system. The main conclusion of the study is that selection of environmental rating is a multicriteria problem that should take into consideration the requirements from landlord and tenant as well as the environmental ratings characteristics but not based on the distinct assessment of the mentioned factors.
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Samaai, Seehaam. "Evictions." University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4828_1189581746.
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This research paper aimed to explore the relevant circumstances that the legislature has specified must be considered before an eviction application is granted and the meaning that the courts have given these circumstances in both Section 26(3) of the South African Constitution and enabling legislation. It also explored whether a transformative interpretation has been given to the meaning of "
all relevant circumstances"
within the legislation, its proposed amendments, and by the courts.
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Blanc-Jacob, Brigitte. "Le congé dans le bail immobilier urbain /." Paris : L.G.D.J, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/513088342.pdf.
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Churches, Christine. "Sir John Lowther and Whitehaven, 1642-1706 : the relations of a landlord with his estate /." Title page, contents and foreword only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc5622.pdf.
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Lemanski, Stanley Jay. "The Rectitudines singularum personarum Anglo-Saxon landscapes in transition /." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1124902442.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Akron, Dept. of History, 2005."August, 2005." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/31/2008) Advisor, Constance Bouchard; Co-Advisor, Michael Graham ; Department Chair, Constance Bouchard; Dean of the College, Charles Monroe; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Tesfaye-Aragaw, Berhanu. "Contested land : land and tenancy disputes in Gedeo, southern Ethiopia (1941-1974)." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2009. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29292/.
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This dissertation investigates land and tenancy disputes in Gedeo, southern Ethiopia, between 1941 and 1974. Such disputes were a deeply entrenched feature of Ethiopian land tenure systems until the revolution, and despite its importance the subject has not received the attention it deserves. Based on local court archival documents and oral interviews, the dissertation seeks to understand how these conflicts shaped agrarian relationships in Gedeo during this crucial period. The study highlights how differential access to resources created disharmony within Gedeo. It not only contributed to the proliferation of disputes but also eroded community cohesion, one of the consequences of which was that when Ethiopia was invaded by Italy in 1935 it was too divided and weak to defend itself effectively from external aggression. The post-liberation period was a formative time in the history of Gedeo. During this time the gabbar system was gradually replaced by landlord-tenant relationships. There was significant economic development largely due to the increasing importance of the coffee trade, but also land and tenancy disputes became a dominant feature of this period. Although land disputes were common in many other parts of Ethiopia, tenancy disputes in the south are described in the existing literature as distinctive from those in northern Ethiopia. The existing works mainly discuss tenancy relationships in the south from an ethnic perspective. This factor might have exacerbated the rivalries; however, it was not the main factor. This dissertation argues that competition for available resources was at the heart of the problem. The increased polarisation of landlord-tenant conflict continued to damage agrarian relationships. The inability of the government to deal with the problem made the situation worse and as a result tenants were obliged to find alternative ways to express their grievances. In February 1960 when the Michele uprising erupted the government rushed to intervene with the heavy use of security forces. Nevertheless the tenancy problem did not show sign of improvement until it was resolved finally and fundamentally by revolutionary means in 1974.
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Metzger, Ruth Elizabeth. "Substandard Rental Housing in the Promise Zone of a Mid-Sized U.S. City." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5103.
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A persistent gap exists between established federal, state, and local standards for housing habitability and the condition of rental housing. The condition persists despite local code enforcement mechanisms, leaving significant potential to improve housing. Such housing can have adverse impacts on people's physical and mental health, economic stability, education, crime, community development, and municipal budgets. The purpose of this case study was to identify factors that create and perpetuate the problem, make it difficult to resolve, and to identify policy actions with the potential to help mitigate it. Rational choice theory and public choice theory formed the framework to analyze motivations and behaviors of policy makers, policy enforcers, policy influencers, and renters who are affected by policy. Data were collected through 23 semi-structured interviews with city officials, property owners, local housing advocates, low-income renters, investigative reporters, and legal aid attorneys. Interview data were open coded and subjected to a thematic analysis. Themes emerging from the study include lack of accountability for owners and renters, barriers to adequate local code enforcement, financial and investment practices that place properties into the hands of owners who fail to maintain them, historical influences related to construction practices and changing ownership patterns, broader costs to families and the community, and external influences related to economic and demographic trends. The positive social change implications stemming from this study include recommendations for policy makers to address factors that create and perpetuate this type of housing, strengthen code enforcement, and ensure habitable housing for all citizens regardless of their income.
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Gold, Roberta S. "City of tenants : New York's housing struggles and the challenge to postwar America, 1945-1974 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10473.
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Proudfoot, Lindsay John. "Urban patronage and estate management on the Duke of Devonshire's Irish estates (1764-1891) : a study of landlord-tenant relationships." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235951.
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Ng, Chin-ming Stephen. "A study of the policy on subsidies for public housing tenants." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12334716.
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Roy, Shawn. "An Assessment of LEED Certification's Impact on Net Rental Rates for Commercial Office Space in Toronto, Ontario." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20136.
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With issues such as energy crises, climate change and environmental degradation becoming evermore prevalent on national and international levels, industrialized societies are beginning to take heed of the impact they are having on the natural environment and we are beginning to see movements towards socially and environmentally responsible decision-making. With the impact that buildings have on the environment, it is important to understand what barriers are preventing or slowing investment in socially and environmentally responsible property.
The present study was conducted to determine whether LEED certification has a significant impact on the market value of office buildings in Toronto, Ontario – value determined by the average net asking rent for each building. For some 68 subject and control buildings, we matched information on the net asking rent for 16 LEED certified (subject) buildings to 52 otherwise comparable properties (control buildings). Using ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis, we looked to find what relationship exists between net asking rent and the LEED label. Controlling for other variables historically shown to have an impact on property value, we expected the results of this study to determine whether there is a business case for LEED certification in the downtown Toronto office market.
The results of the study have shown that LEED certification has had no impact on the market value of the sample of office buildings in Toronto. This is a surprising result, given the growth in the number of LEED buildings in Canada, but interviews with three senior executives in the industry have helped to provide insight into this trend. It seems that with time LEED will likely have an impact in this market, but it hasn‘t arrived yet.
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Wu, Shuk-yin Wendy. "An evaluation of the proposals of the green paper on public housing subsidies to tenants of public housing /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12325958.
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Černý, Jakub. "Kritická analýza investování do bytů z pohledu fyzických osob v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232599.
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The thesis deals with analysis of the residential market with a focus on housing, the current situation and in particular the issue of return on investment to purchase an apartment with his subsequent hiring. On the basis of statistical methods and economic indicators using the findings from a critical analysis of current developments will be made and estimates of rate of return of investment risk in buying and renting apartments. Economic indicators for assessing the profitability of investment are the net present value at the selected discount rate and internal rate of return.
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Hu, Feng-Ming. "Integrated Apartment Management System." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3004.
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The Integrated Apartment Management System (IAMS) is a web-based system that allows tenants to make appointments with repairmen on line and notify both apartment managers and repairmen of appointments through an email directly from IAMS. IAMS also keeps a database of appointments, repairs, and payments that can be accessed by tenants, repairmen, and apartment managers.
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Savar, Ray. "Reform of commercial property leases in England." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2013. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/297115/.
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This thesis explores the arguments and evidence for reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention. It identifies and explains the causes of landlord and tenant disputes arising mainly from poorly drafted commercial leases. It investigates the relevant codes for leasing business premises, the Law Society business lease, the regulatory reform of part II of the 1954 Act, the British Property Federation lease, and various other attempts at reform of commercial property leases. This research also investigates the potential need for ethnic minorities in commercial property to have the key legal terms of commercial property leases made available in both English and other languages. There is little previous academic research on reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention (other than Crosby Reading reports). This research aims to contributute towards filling the gap that exists in the literature by investigating reform through legislation. This research involved semi-structured interviews with participants from five groups: lawyers, surveyors/agents, landlords, tenants and business owners. Most interviewed supported reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention, and better guidance explaining the meaning of key legal terms of commercial property leases, especially from ethnic minority businesses.
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Savar, Ray. "Reform of commercial property leases in England." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2013. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/297115/1/RAY%20SAVAR%20PHD%20THESIS.pdf.
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This thesis explores the arguments and evidence for reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention. It identifies and explains the causes of landlord and tenant disputes arising mainly from poorly drafted commercial leases. It investigates the relevant codes for leasing business premises, the Law Society business lease, the regulatory reform of part II of the 1954 Act, the British Property Federation lease, and various other attempts at reform of commercial property leases. This research also investigates the potential need for ethnic minorities in commercial property to have the key legal terms of commercial property leases made available in both English and other languages. There is little previous academic research on reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention (other than Crosby Reading reports). This research aims to contributute towards filling the gap that exists in the literature by investigating reform through legislation. This research involved semi-structured interviews with participants from five groups: lawyers, surveyors/agents, landlords, tenants and business owners. Most interviewed supported reform of commercial property leases through legislative intervention, and better guidance explaining the meaning of key legal terms of commercial property leases, especially from ethnic minority businesses.
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Achahui, Ugarte Susan Liset, Chumbiauca Alain Paul Giovanni Balza-Tassara, Medina Sebastian Bernabé Villagaray, Jesus Rosa Guadalupe Porras, and Rivadeneyra Rosario del Pilar Ramos. "Plataforma de alquileres online: Roomies." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652295.
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En la actualidad, los individuos enfrentan una problemática al buscar un compañero de habitación y, en su defecto, una habitación o departamento donde ambos puedan alojarse por un periodo de tiempo. Asimismo, factores externos como la inseguridad dificultan más el poder encontrar un mecanismo que permita contrarrestar el problema en mención. Por tal motivo, este trabajo de investigación propone una nueva e innovadora forma de encontrar un compañero de cuarto y una vivienda en alquiler. Esta iniciativa será llevada a cabo mediante la implementación de una plataforma virtual llamada “Roomies” que se encargue de concretar la búsqueda tanto entre arrendatarios y arrendadores. Esta plataforma permitirá que los usuarios interesados en encontrar a un compañero puedan visualizar los perfiles de otros usuarios y en función a sus características, rutinas diarias y estilo de vidas, escojan al candidato ideal para compartir una vivienda. Al finalizar este proceso, ambos podrán iniciar con la búsqueda del sitio ideal a alquilar; del mismo modo que el proceso anterior, la elección del predio se dará entre el arrendador y los arrendatarios en función a criterios particulares como el distrito, el precio, características de los arrendatarios y especificaciones del arrendador. Finalmente, para que se pueda conocer la viabilidad del proyecto “Roomies” y la rentabilidad de este, se utilizó indicadores financieros como el VAN y la TIR. En adición a esto, se realizaron encuestas y entrevistas para validar la propuesta de valor.Currently, individuals face a problem when searching for a roommate and, failing that, a room or apartment where both can stay for a period of time. External factors such as insecurity also make it more difficult to find a mechanism to counteract the problem in mention. For this reason, this research work proposes a new and innovative way to find a roommate and a rental home. This initiative will be carried out through the implementation of a virtual platform called "Roomies" that is responsible for realizing the search between both tenants and landlords. This platform will allow users interested in finding a partner to view the profiles of other users and according to their characteristics, daily routines and lifestyle, choose the ideal candidate to share a home. At the end of this process, both will be able to start with the search for the ideal place to rent; In the same way as the above process, the choice of property will be given between the landlord and the tenants based on particular criteria such as the district, the price, characteristics of the tenants and the specifications of the landlord. Finally, in order to know the feasibility of the "Roomies" project and the profitability of it, financial indicators such as the VAN and the TIR were used. In addition to this, surveys and interviews were conducted to validate the value proposition.
Trabajo de investigación
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Hroch, Pavel. "Faktory ovlivňující tržní nájemné u zemědělských pozemků v Bolehošti a v jeho okolí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241355.
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The aim of my master’s thesis is to determine the factors, that influence the market rent for agricultural land in Bolehošť and its surroundings. The theoretical part discusses ways to obtain the basic price of agricultural land. Followed by derivation of market rent as a percentage part the of the price agricultural land. Another part of this work is the practical part, where are individual factors influencing the market rent analyzed first generally and then there is described the influence of individual factors directly for agricultural land in Bolehošť and its surroundings. The influence of these factors on the market rent is documented by calculations derived from a database of rent in the contracts. Followed comparison of rents depending on individual factors and their evaluation.
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Lo, Yuen-kwan, and 老婉君. "Choice of domestic tenants in urban renewal projects launched by the Land Development Corporation and Urban Renewal Authority: rehousing or cash compensation?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29631270.
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Chan, Chi-wong, and 陳志璜. "A study of the impact of the suspension of the home ownership scheme on home ownership aspiration of public housing tenants." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007962.
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Lam, Wai-yin, and 林偉賢. "An evaluation of the impact of the downfall of property market on tenure choice in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008218.
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Hicks, Paul Gerald. ""Most humble homes" : slum landlords, tenants, and the Melbourne City Council's health administration, 1888-1918 /." Connect to thesis, 1987. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00002191.
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Helm, Johanna, and Catharina Swartz. "Besittningsskyddets balansering mellan hyresgäst och hyresvärd." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21341.
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Examensarbetets titel - Besittningsskyddets balansering mellan hyresgäst och hyresvärd.Inlämningsdatum - 2017-05-18.Kurs - FF321F Fastighetsvetenskap: examensarbete.Författare - Johanna Helm, Catharina Swartz.Handledare - Peter Gottschalk.Nyckelord - Besittningsskydd, hyresgäst, hyresvärd, förverkandegrunder,hyresrätt, rättsfallSyfte - Syftet med studien är att analysera besittningsskyddet och se omdet är i behov av att balanseras om.Metod - Vi har valt att använda en rättsdogmatisk metod till denna studiedå den är bäst lämpad. Vi har bland annat studerat och fastställtgällande rätt, men även historien bakom besittningsskyddetsuppkomst. Detta gjordes genom att studera rättskälleläran sominnefattar lagar, propositioner, offentliga utredningar, rättspraxisoch doktrin.Gällande rätt - Vi har valt att fokusera på besittningsskyddets förverkandegrunderobetald hyra, vanvård av bostad, brottslig verksamhet samt olovligöverlåtelse. Vi har studerat rättsfall och domslut kring dessa.Analys och slutsats - Vi har kommit fram till att besittningsskyddet borde omformulerasnär det kommer till obetald hyra och vanvård av bostad. Det hadeäven varit bra om det förtydligats inom brottslig verksamhet då detär många rekvisit som ska uppfyllas.Title - The balancing of the security of tenure between the tenant and thelandlord.Date - of submission 2017-05-18.Course - FF321F Real Estate Science: Degree Thesis.Authors - Johanna Helm, Catharina Swartz.Advisor - Peter Gottschalk.Key words - Security of tenure, tenant, landlord, forfeiture of property, tenancy,case.Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the security of tenure andsee if it needs re-balancing.Methodology - For this paper we have chosen the legal method, because it is bestsuited for the purpose. We have studied and concluded the lawregarding the security of tenure and its history. We did this bystudying sources of the law, which are: the law, government bills,case law and doctrine.The Law - We chose to focus on the security of tenure´s forfeiture of propertyunpaid rent/part of rent, mismanagement of the apartment, criminalactivity and illegal transfer of tenant.Conclusion - We concluded that the security of tenure should be rewritten whenit comes to unpaid rent and mismanagement of the apartment. Wealso think it would be good if the necessary conditions for criminalactivity would be clarified.
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Alabi, Ijeoma Uchenna. "Tenant’s choice of residential property location in Mankweng Township, Polokwane Local Municipality." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1163.
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Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2013The aim of the study was to carry out an analysis of the factors influencing tenants’ choice of residential property location in Mankweng Township. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The structured questionnaire, interview and documented literature were used to collect data. The data were analysed using the SPSS statistical package and the Excel spread sheet. To this end, specific working objectives were formulated as follows: to identify the types of residential property in the study area, to determine the factors which influence the choice of residential property location in the study area and lastly, to compare the relationships that exist among the residents in Mankweng Township. The results of the research showed that among all the factors marital status, age, household’s size, race, education and income were not among the factors influencing the choice of residential location in Mankweng Township. However, gender, employment status, distance from city centre, hospital, place of worship, security or police station, water and electricity significantly influenced the choice of residential location choice in Mankweng Township. The study therefore recommends government to be more responsive and active in the provision of urban infrastructure and services in every neighbourhood. This will help address the major reason why tenants search for accommodation from one location to another. In addition, real estate investors should consider the availability of infrastructure before choosing a location for community development. Thus, when urban facilities and services are evenly distributed, this may enhance proper development in the community
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Ng, Chin-ming Stephen, and 伍展明. "A study of the policy on subsidies for public housing tenants." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31975148.
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Nogueira, Ana Carolina Del Picchia de Araujo. "Shopping center e a locação predial urbana." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6416.
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Previous issue date: 2014-04-24The present work has as its central theme the lease contract in mall. It aims to define the main aspects related to its contract to remove the doubts raised about its legal structure. It has been applied the deductive method, starting with the general knowledge of mall and lease of things to get one particular about the lease in mall, leading to the conclusion about the legal nature and discipline of the theme herein discussed. This research used, likewise, the method of research bibliographic and argumentative dissertation, based on the works displayed at its end, mainly of the jurists CaioMário da Silva Pereira, Maria Elisa GualandiVerri, Rodrigo Barcellos, LadislauKarpat and SylvioCapanema de Souza. Its analysis has been divided into five chapters. In the first, it exposes an historic overview of mall, with the elucidation of its structure, containing its characteristics. The second traces the historical background of lease, as well as its legislative development in Brazil, and brings the elements and major features of the lease contract. The third chapter describes the legal discipline of the lease contract in malls; the discussion of the legal nature of this contract, in order to place it in lease contracts and describes also the peculiar characteristics of this venture. It also attempts to dodge the Law of Tenancy, of the draft laws aimed to discipline the subject in a specific way and how the subject is treated in foreign law. The fourth chapter deals with rents and other tasks of the tenant. The fifth and final chapter discusses the issue of conflicts arising from this contract, of the civil responsibility under this venture and its relation(or not) with the Consumer Protection Code. To finish it, it came to a conclusion and demonstrated the bibliographic source used
O presente trabalho possui como tema central o contrato de locação em shopping center; almeja definir os principais aspectos referentes ao seu contrato, de modo a sanar as dúvidas suscitadas quanto ao seu enquadramento jurídico. Para tanto, aplicou-se o método dedutivo, partindo do conhecimento geral de shopping centere de locação de coisas para obter um específico acerca do contrato de locação em shopping center, levando à conclusão sobre a natureza jurídica e sobre a disciplina legal do tema ora abordado. Foi utilizado, outrossim, o método de pesquisa bibliográfico dissertativo-argumentativo, com fundamento nas obras indicadas ao seu final, principalmente nas dos juristas Caio Mário da Silva Pereira, Maria Elisa Gualandi Verri, Rodrigo Barcellos, Ladislau Karpat e Sylvio Capanema de Souza. Dividiu-se a sua análise em cinco capítulos. No primeiro, expõe-se uma abordagem histórica de shopping center, com a elucidação de sua estrutura e de suas características. O segundo traça o panorama histórico de locação, bem como a sua evolução legislativa no Brasil, seus elementos e características mais importantes. O terceiro capítulo descreve a disciplina legal de contrato de shopping center; a discussão acerca da sua natureza jurídica, a fim de situá-lo entre os contratos locatícios e também as características peculiares desse empreendimento; trata ainda das tentativas de esquiva da Lei do Inquilinato, dos projetos de lei tendentes a disciplinar a matéria de forma específica e como é tratado o tema no direito estrangeiro. O quarto capítulo aborda os aluguéis e demais incumbências do lojista. O quinto e último capítulo discorre sobre a questão dos conflitos decorrentes desse contrato, sobre a responsabilidade civil no âmbito desse empreendimentoe a sua relação (ou ausência de) com o Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Para finalizá-lo, chegou-se a uma conclusão e demonstrou-se a fonte bibliográfica utilizada
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Holmdahl, Johan. "Hot om vräkning : Tre aktörers perspektiv." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-35035.
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From the filing of an application to evict to the final execution of an eviction order is a long and complicated process. This raises questions about how the actors involved experience and act during this process. The general aim of the study was to describe and analyse this process from the respective perspectives of the landlords, the social services and the individuals (families) facing eviction in three municipalities in the county of Stockholm. The issues discussed are how the landlords and the social welfare offices are organised, their work procedures, respective scopes of action and resources, and how individuals facing eviction cope with their life situation.
The material for the study consists of qualitative interviews with nine handling officers at six landlord offices, fifteen social workers at three social welfare offices, twelve individuals who were facing eviction and fifteen observations of conversations between social workers and individuals who were facing eviction. The analytic framework used consists of perspectives and concepts derived from organisation theory – Human Service Organizations and street-level bureaucrats – and theories on coping. A main result of the study is that the work procedures of the professionals are standardised in many ways and are characterised by similar procedures for classifying and categorising the individuals facing eviction, irrespective of how the three municipalities have organised their work. Another main result is that the primarily interests of the individuals facing eviction are to meet what they experience to be their children’s needs, and to avoid eviction. Further, the individuals experience as stressful their life situation marked by the threat of eviction in combination with reduced financial resources that make it difficult for them to meet their children’s needs. The study has identified two types of strategies that individuals facing eviction use in order to cope with their life situation and to achieve their interests. These are emotion-focused strategies and problem-focused strategies, which are described and discussed.
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Klos, Tamara Amy. "The recognition and protection of the interest of landlords within the framework of the rental housing act 50 of 1999." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1171.
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This dissertation analyses the South African Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999 ("the RHA") with the aim of determining whether the RHA sufficiently protects the landlords‘ rights and interests as opposed to those of tenants (which it does indeed safeguard). Due to the current saturation of rental property in South Africa, landlords are no longer in an advantageous a position as before. In fact, the RHA was introduced to redress the imbalance caused by discrimination against tenants. However, times have changed. The researcher submits that the RHA needs to be re-examined in light perception of the landlord as a consumer. Having regard to both common and foreign law, the researcher identified the following four fundamental legal and practical rights on the part of the landlord: the right to freely contract; the right to safeguard financial interests; the right to safeguard proprietary interests; and the right to evict a defaulting tenant. The research reveals that the RHA does not give adequate recognition to these fundamental legal rights, and accordingly does not sufficiently protect the landlord as a consumer. In total nineteen recommendations how the RHA can adequately recognize and protect the landlord‘s interests are made.
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Wu, Shuk-yin Wendy, and 胡淑賢. "An evaluation of the proposals of the green paper on public housing subsidies to tenants of public housing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124774X.
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Anastasios, Tekeoglou Joakim Prevander. "Nödsituationer i en hyresgästs lägenhet : vilka är en hyresvärds rättigheter och skyldigheter?" Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21369.
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The aim of the thesis is to clarify the landlord’s rights and obligations towards the tenant when a case of emergency occurs in the tenant’s apartment. What can a landlord do to get access to the tenant’s apartment when a case of emergency occurs? Will the landlord be liable if he damages any property of the tenant during the time in the apartment? These are some of the questions that we will answer. The problem is guided by two main principles: the landlord’s right of possession of the apartment and also the tenant’s right of use of the same property. The conflict between these two principles and between the interests of the landlord and the tenant is the foundation of this problem. Case of emergencies in an apartment are not regulated in Swedish law. Therefore, we have chosen to do comparisons to other forms of similar situations, which already are regulated in the law. These comparisons are made to see if similar rules can be applicated to cases of emergencies in the tenant’s apartment. In addition to this, we have also used case law, which treats similar situations, to see if the principles from these cases also can be applicated in case of emergencies in the tenant’s apartment.Uppsatsens syfte är att klargöra hur hyresvärdens rättigheter och skyldigheter gentemot hyresgästen regleras vid en nödsituation i hyresgästens lägenhet. Frågor som vi kommer att försöka svara på är bl a: hur långt får hyresvärden gå när han bereder sig tillträde till hyresgästens lägenhet? Blir han ersättningsskyldig om han skulle skada hyresgästens egendom då en nödsituation föreligger? Problemet är utöver ett obligationsrättsligt, även ett sakrättsligt problem. De sakrättsliga principer som ligger till grund för problemet är äganderätten och nyttjanderätten. I vårt fall kommer dessa till uttryck genom att hyresvärden, som har äganderätten till sin egendom, upplåter nyttjanderätten av sin egendom till hyresgästens förmån. Det här förhållandet mellan hyresvärden och hyresgästen är en av orsakerna till att det uppstår ett problem vid hyresvärdens tillträde till lägenheten vid en nödsituation. Eftersom nödsituationer inte är reglerade i 12 kap. 26 § Jordabalken har vi valt att göra jämförelser med andra typer av situationer som finns reglerade i lagen. Dessa är: mindre brådskande förbättringsarbete och annat arbete, brådskande förbättringsarbete och bekämpning av ohyra i hyresgästens lägenhet. Dessa jämförelser görs för att utreda vilka regler som kan tänkas tillämpas då en nödsituation föreligger. För att uppfylla syftet har vi även tagit hjälp av ett par äldre rättsfall som behandlar områden som har nära anknytning till vårt problem.
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Štoková, Soňa. "Finanční leasing versus bankovní úvěr při rozhodování o pořízení majetku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221612.
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The main goal of this study is to compare two forms of asset financing i.e. leasing and bank lending. At the very beginning, there is a description of leasing, its history, benefits and disadvantages. Second part of the project provides definition of bank lending as a source of financing. The third part of the study compares either of financing options through discounted cash flow method patterned after a practical example. Finally, there is an evaluation of options and financial analysis so I”ll be able to find out the impact on the company.
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Kinyua, Frederick Joses. "Understanding sources of conflict between landlords and tenants in Kenya." University of South Africa, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/145.
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Dahlberg, Mattias. "Förhandlingen – Av kommersiella hyresavtal." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183536.
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Upprättandet av kommersiella hyresavtal sker i stor utsträckning genom förhandling mellan de inblandade parterna. Detta arbete ger en inblick i hur hyresgäster och hyresvärdar resonerar före och under förhandlingen av avtalet. Arbetet är en kvalitativ studie som baseras på intervjuer med hyresgäster och hyresvärdar med god erfarenhet från marknaden för kommersiella kontorslokaler i Stockholm. Kontrakts- och förhandlingsteori är den huvudsakliga utgångspunkten för arbetet och den främsta problematiken inom ämnet relaterar till asymmetrisk information. Asymmetrisk information innebär att en part har mer information än den andre och kan på så vis få en starkare förhandlingsposition. Det finns metoder för att motverka fenomenet, bland annat genom att lägga resurser på att ta reda på mer information om exempelvis sin motpart (screening). Det finns också sätt att utnyttja informationsasymmetrin, exempelvis genom att skapa en positiv bild av sig själv (signaling). Resultatet från arbetet ger en unison bild av den problematik som finns på marknaden och de lösningar som hyresgäst och hyresvärd använder sig av för att förbättra förhandlingsstyrkan och villkoren i avtalet. Examensarbetet sker främst genom deduktion av teorin. Ur empirin presenteras också en bild av rådande marknadsförhållanden. Syfte Syftet är att identifiera de faktiska problemen i en hyresförhandling och hur hyresgäster och hyresvärdar går till väga för att tackla svårigheterna. Målet är också att få förståelse för hur hyresgäster och hyresvärdar värderar de olika villkoren i hyresavtalet och hur det påverkar förhandlingen. Frågeställningar - Förekommer asymmetrisk information vid förhandling av kommersiella hyresavtal? - I vilken utsträckning använder hyresvärdar och hyresgäster screening och signaling? - Hur värderar hyresvärd och hyresgäst de olika villkoren i det kommersiella hyresavtalet? Metod Undersökningen är kvalitativ och består av intervjuer med utvalda representanter för hyresgäster och hyresvärdar verksamma i Stockholm. Personerna som intervjuats har valts ut med bakgrund av deras erfarenheter av förhandling av kommersiella hyresavtal. De har också valts ut för att skapa en blandning av hyresgäster med olika verksamhet och hyresvärdar med olika målsättningar i förvaltningen. Respondenterna har fått svara på hur de värderar villkoren i kontraktet som bygger grunderna för ett kommersiellt hyresavtal samt hur de använder signaling och screening. Avgränsning För att göra arbetet strukturerat och ge möjlighet till analys har en begränsning gjorts av det geografiska området för studien. Det geografiska området är Stockholm. Studien begränsar sig också till att endast röra kommersiella hyresavtal för kontor. Slutsatser - Problematiken kring asymmetrisk information är påtaglig vid förhandlingen av kommersiella hyresavtal i Stockholm. Hyresvärden har enligt både hyresgäst och hyresvärd ett övertag. Det främsta informationsgapet mellan parterna är marknadskännedom och förhandlingserfarenhet. - Screening används av både hyresgäst och hyresvärd, främst till att minimera risk och stärka förhandlingsförhållandet. - Signaling används av både hyresgäst och hyresvärd. Hyresgästerna arbetar generellt med sitt varumärke, men inte specifikt inför hyresförhandlingen. Hyresvärdens införsäljning och etablering av varumärke är desto mer inriktat på att möjliggöra affären, främst då hyresavtal är deras huvudsakliga inkomstkälla. - Hyresvärden utnyttjar till större grad hidden characteristics genom att inte visa upp sin sanna typ, de utger sig exempelvis för att inte kunna gå med på en viss hyra eller kontraktslängd, när de i själva verket kan göra det. Allt går att förhandla.The establishment of a commercial lease in Sweden is done through negotiation between the parties involved. This work provides insight into how tenants and landlords reason before and during negotiation of the lease. The work is a qualitative study based on interviews with tenants and landlords with extensive experience of the market for commercial office space in Stockholm. Contract and negotiation theory compose the framework for the paper and the main problem in the subject relates to asymmetric information. Asymmetric information means that one party has more information than the other, and can thus have a stronger negotiating position. There are methods to counter the phenomenon, for example by allocating resources to find out more information about the counterpart (screening). There are also ways to take advantage of information asymmetry, for instance by creating a positive image of oneself (signaling). The results give a clear picture of the problems that occur on the market and some solutions that tenants and landlords use to improve their bargaining power and the terms of the lease. The paper is done mainly through deduction of the theory. The empirical data also show the conditions of the current market. Purpose The aim is to identify the actual problems of a rent negotiation and how tenants and landlords go about tackling the difficulties. The goal is to gain understanding of how tenants and landlords evaluate the various terms of the lease and how it affects the negotiation. Research questions - Does asymmetric information occur when negotiating commercial lease? - To what extent do landlords and tenants use screening and signaling? - How do landlords and tenants value the various conditions in the commercial lease? Method The study is qualitative and consists of interviews with selected representatives from both tenants and landlords operating in Stockholm. The people interviewed have been selected in light of their experience in the negotiation of commercial leases. They have also been selected to create a mix of tenants with different activities and landlords with the various objectives of management. Respondents were asked to respond on how they value the terms of the contract that builds the foundations of a commercial lease, and how they use the signaling and screening. Demarcation To create structure and make it possible to analyze the results, a limitation of the geographical scope of the study. The geographical area is Stockholm. The study also restricts itself to only touch the commercial lease for office. Conclusions - The problem of asymmetric information is apparent in the negotiation of commercial leases in Stockholm. According to both landlord and tenant, the landlord is the party with the upper hand in terms of information. The main information gaps between the parties are market knowledge and negotiation experience. - Screening is used by both tenants and landlords, primarily to minimize risk and strengthen the bargaining relationship. - Signaling is used by both tenant and landlord. Tenants generally work with their brand, but not specifically for the lease negotiation. The landlord is more focused on establishing their brand in order to enabling business. Something that is natural since the lease is their main source of income. - Hidden characteristics is used by the landlord at a greater extent than the tenant. This is often done by not showing their true nature. They claim, for example, to not be able to negotiate particular clauses, when in fact they can. Everything is negotiable.
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Tang, Po-yi, and 鄧寶儀. "A study of the impact of privatization of public retail facilities on the tenants in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008279.
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Segalla, Alessandro Schirrmeister. "A funcionalização do contrato de fiança: proposta de revalorização do instituto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2131/tde-31012011-163139/.
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O presente trabalho analisa o contrato de fiança no Código Civil brasileiro, bem como a sua utilização na locação de imóveis urbanos. No campo das garantias contratuais a fiança representa a modalidade mais utilizada no Brasil, notadamente pelas facilidades práticas em sua constituição, bem como pelo caráter gratuito da sua prestação. No entanto, ao longo dos anos o contrato de fiança, tal como fora moldado pelo legislador, vem sendo desafiado pelos tribunais que ora suavizam as suas regras em benefício do fiador ora fortalecem a posição do credor, gerando profunda insegurança social e instabilidade jurídica. Por esta razão, neste trabalho procuramos discutir se as regras atuais relativas à fiança são adequadas à sociedade brasileira ou se estão a merecer uma profunda reforma para torná-las efetivas, funcionalizando-as de acordo com a finalidade a que se destinam: um reforço ao adimplemento em favor do credor; assim, defendemos que a confiança gerada pela promessa manifestada pelo fiador de que irá efetivamente garantir o adimplemento de um contrato deverá ser efetiva, por ser um instrumento a serviço do credor, visando pô-lo a salvo de riscos. Neste trabalho foram comparados os momentos históricos em que surgiram o Código Civil de 1916 e o de 2002, e apresentadas as origens históricas da fiança. Posteriormente, a dogmática do instituto foi apresentada com a sua análise nos planos da existência, validade e eficácia, bem como foram apresentadas as questões controvertidas envolvendo o contrato, com a apresentação de soluções que foram refletidas e julgadas adequadas, inclusive no campo da fiança à locação, posto que o instituto é de larga utilização no mercado imobiliário, tendo ainda sido analisada a Lei n.° 12.112/09 que reformou a Lei do Inquilinato. Por fim, foram apresentadas propostas de alteração do perfil dogmático do contrato de fiança, na esperança de torná-lo uma segura garantia contratual da qual poderá o credor se valer como um adequado reforço ao efetivo adimplemento aguardado e que seja dotado de efetiva força vinculante.This paper analyzes the contract of suretyship in the Brazilian Civil Code, and its use in the leasing of urban property. In the field of contractual guarantees suretyship is the most widely used in Brazil, especially because of the practical facilities in its constitution and by its characteristics of gratuitous guarantee of ones performance. However, over the years suretyship as it had been molded by the legislator is being challenged by the courts that sometimes soften its rules in favor of the guarantor and sometimes strengthen the position of the creditor, creating deep legal insecurity and social instability. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss whether the current rules relating to the suretyship are adequate for the Brazilian society or if they need a radical reformation to make them effective, functionalizing them according to the purpose for which they are intended: a reinforcement to the performance in favor of the creditor, so we sustain that the confidence engendered by the promise shown by the guarantor that will effectively ensure the fulfillment of a contract shall be effective as an instrument in the service of the creditor in order to keep him safe from risks. In this study we compared the historical moments that emerged in the Civil Code of 1916 and 2002, and presented the historical origins of suretyship. Subsequently, the dogmatic of the institute was presented with its analysis in the field of existence, validity and effectiveness, and controversial issues involving the contract were presented with solutions that have been thought and deemed appropriate, including in the field of suretyship of a lease, once the institute is widely used in the real estate market. We have also analyzed the Law n. 12.112/09 that reformed the Landlord and Tenant Act. Finally, proposals were made to change the dogmatic profile of suretyship, hoping to make it a secure guarantee of the contracts which the creditor may avail as a suitable reinforcement of the expected performance and to be endowed with effective binding force.
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吳麗珍. "論承租人的權利義務 : 以澳門民法典租賃制度為中心." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1880004.
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Rosemond, Mack Rashad. "Marketing and crisis plan for Summit Place Apartment Homes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2072.
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The objective of conducting primary research for the Summit Place Apartment Homes is to create a profile of people that are presently living in Summit Place. When dealing with apartment properties, marketing plans are definitely a necessity, as well as a good crisis plan. The residents' main concerns were safety and better customer service.
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Louw, Jacobus Francois. "The right to adequate housing : making sense of eviction procedures in the context of rental housing after Ndlovu V Ngcobo." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15600.
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Thesis (LLM (Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.139 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i-ix and numbered pages 1-130. Includes bibliography.
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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa must address the need for adequate housing. Since democracy in 1994, the government has promulgated a number of acts to achieve the goal of adequate housing for all. These include the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act (PIE) and the Rental Housing Act (RHA). The problem for the courts is knowing when to apply each act. To reach the goal embodied in the constitutional right of adequate housing for all, the government has invested R18 billion in housing since 1994. Despite this, the need for housing has escalated. The RHA, in which the legislature tried to create a balance between the rights of landlords and tenants, followed. This was done in order to alleviate some of the pressure to ensure access to land, which rests solely on the shoulders of the government. The legislature tried to create a sphere into which private investors would want to invest their money. A number of recent cases dealing with tenants who defaulted on their rentals and the landlord's capacity to effect eviction raised awareness about the existing inadequacies of the law in this particular field. In a Supreme Court of Appeal ruling, the court found that when a landlord wants to evict a defaulting tenant the time-consuming and costly procedure of PIE should be used. The assumption underlying this study is that PIE should not be applicable in cases of evicting a defaulting tenant. The rights and duties of the various parties involved in rental housing therefore need to be examined. The main aim is, however, to ascertain which procedure should be employed when obtaining an eviction order against a party holding over and what the effects are when the most appropriate eviction procedure is not used. A well-regulated relationship would ensure the best balance of interest for the landlord, tenant and the government by creating a market in which a landlord could make money out of letting and more tenants could obtain adequate housing through renting. A further assumption is that the rei vindicatio should be used when having a defaulting tenant evicted. It offers an alternative procedure that does not undermine the objectives of the housing legislation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika ervaar tans 'n probleem met die verskaffing van behuising vir almal. Sedert die land se verwerwing van demokrasie in 1994 het die wetgewer 'n hele reeks wette aangeneem om die probleem op te los, ondermeer die Wet op Huurbehuising en die Wet op die Voorkoming van Onwettige Uitsetting en Onregmatige Okkupasie van Grond (hierna verwys as PIE). Die howe ondervind soms probleme wanneer daar bepaal moet word wanneer 'n spesifieke wet van toepassing behoort te wees en wanneer. Ten spyte van die R18 miljard wat die regering reeds bestee het aan armes sonder huise, het die getal mense wat sonder geskikte behuising woon gegroei. Die wetgewer het deur die promulgasie van die Wet op Huurbehuising gepoog om 'n mark te skep waarin daar behuising verskaf sal word in die vorm van huurbehuising. Terselfdertyd sal die privaatsektor baie nodige geld in die huurmark kan investeer. Onlangse regsspraak in die verband dui daarop dat daar nog baie leemtes bestaan veral met verwysing na uitsetting. Na 'n resente Appelhof beslissing sal die verhuurder van die meer tydrowende en duurder prosedures in PIE gebruik moet maak om 'n persoon uitgesit te kry. Die onderliggende aanname is dat PIE nie van toepassing behoort te wees wanneer 'n verhuurder 'n huurder wat agterstallig is met die huur wil uitsit nie. Die regte van beide huurder en verhuurder word gevolglik bestudeer. Die hoof-oogmerk van die studie is egter om vas te stel watter uitsettingsprosedure die beste sal wees en wat die gevolge sal wees indien die prosedure nie gebruik word nie. 'n Goed gereguleerde huurmark sal sorg dat huurders genoegsame beskerming geniet, dat die verhuurder geld sal kan maak uit die huurmark en dat die regering se druk tot 'n mate verlig word. 'n Verdere aanname is dat die prosedure vir die rei vindicatio die korrekte prosedure is om te gebruik om 'n huurder wat versuim om sy/haar huur te betaal uit te sit. Die rei vindicatio word gevolglik bestudeer en daar word getoon dat die prosedure aansienlik van die van PIE verskil. Dit bied 'n alternatief en is nie van so aard dat dit die behuisings wetgewing se oogmerke belemmer nie.
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Roxner, Disa, and Jonna Tarakkamäki. "Det relationsbyggande arbetet : En kvalitativ studie om företags perspektiv på kortsiktiga kundrelationer." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-76347.
Full textAbstract:
Kundrelationer har blivit allt viktigare i alla branscher på grund av teknologisk utveckling och ökad konkurrens. Företags fokus har till följd av detta förflyttats från produkter till kunderna. Avsikten med denna studie har varit att ta reda på vilka incitament som finns för att arbeta med kundrelationer och hur det arbetet ser ut, med hänsyn till de meningsskiljaktigheter som förekommer i tidigare forskning avseende betydelsen av kundrelationer. Detta har studerats på relationen mellan hyresvärdar som tillhandahåller studentbostäder och deras hyresgäster, vilket är en relation som karaktäriseras av kortvarighet på grund av boendets tillfälliga karaktär. Den begränsade mängd forskning som behandlar kortsiktiga kundrelationer och den långsiktighet som ofta lyfts fram i befintlig forskning, medför att det finns ett särskilt intresse av att öka kunskapen om denna relation. Syftet med denna studie har varit att ta reda på vilka incitament företag har för att arbeta med kortsiktiga kundrelationer samt beskriva hur det relationsbyggande arbetet ser ut. Denna kvalitativa studie behandlar hyresvärdens perspektiv, sex hyresvärdar med studentbostäder har intervjuats. Det kan konstateras att dessa hyresvärdar arbetar med relationsbyggande aktiviteter mot sina studenthyresgäster, trots studentbostadens tillfälliga karaktär och den kortvarighet som relationen karaktäriseras av. Incitamenten för att arbeta med kundrelationer, vilka identifierades i denna studie, är rykte, konkurrenskraft, nöjda kunder, förtroende och varaktighet. Studiens resultat visar även att hyresvärdarna arbetar med relationer genom att uppfylla hyresgästernas behov, vilket görs genom god kommunikation samt olika aktiviteter och åtgärder. Organisationens utformning var ytterligare en aspekt som spelade roll för det relationsbyggande arbetet, främst då utformningen möjliggör kommunikation med hyresgästerna.Customer relations have become more important in all industries due to technological development and increased competition. As a result, company focus has shifted from products to customers. This study intended to find out which incentives exist for working with customer relations and how they implement their work, taking into account the differences that exist in previous research regarding the importance of customer relations. This has been studied on the relationship between landlords who provide student housing and their tenants, which is a relation characterized by short duration due to the temporary nature of the accommodation. The limited amount of research that discuss short-term customer relations and the long-term perspective that is often highlighted in existing research, results in a particular interest in increasing knowledge about this relationship. The purpose of this study has therefore been to find which incentives companies have to work with short-term customer relations and describe how they implement this work. This qualitative study concentrates on the landlord’s perspective, six landlords with student housing has been interviewed. It can be stated that these landlords work with relationship-building activities towards their student tenants, despite the short duration and temporary nature of the accommodation. The incentives for working with customer relations, which were identified in this study, are the company’s reputation, competitiveness, satisfied customers, trust and durability. The study also shows that landlords work with relations by meeting the tenants needs, which is done through good communication, activities and arrangements. Also, the design of the organization mattered for the relationship-building work, mostly because the design enables communication with the tenants.
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Muller, Gustav. "The impact of Section 26 of the Constitution on the eviction of squatters in South African law." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18122.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLD )--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation considers the housing rights of unlawful occupiers in the post-1994 constitutional dispensation. Section 26 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 affords everyone a right of access to adequate housing. This provision is a decisive break with the apartheid past, where forced eviction banished black people to the periphery of society. The central hypothesis of this dissertation is that the Constitution envisages the creation of a society that is committed to large-scale transformation. This dissertation posits that it is impossible to realise the full transformative potential of section 26 of the Constitution in the absence of an independent and substantive understanding of what it means to have access to adequate housing. This dissertation traverses legal theory as well as the common law of evictions, constitutional law and international law. A consciously interdisciplinary approach is adopted in seeking to develop the content of section 26 of the Constitution, drawing on literature from social and political science. This dissertation develops an organising framework for giving substantive content to section 26(1) of the Constitution with reference to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms; the Revised European Social Charter, the American Convention on Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights. This dissertation shows that the adjudication of eviction disputes has moved away from a position under the common law where Courts had no discretion to refuse eviction orders based on the personal circumstances of the squatters. The adjudication of the eviction of unlawful occupiers now requires a context-sensitive analysis that seeks to find concrete and case-specific solutions. These solutions are achieved by considering what would be just and equitable for both the land owner and the unlawful occupiers. This dissertation also shows that the government has a markedly different role to fulfil in post-apartheid evictions through the necessary joinder of local authorities to eviction proceedings, meaningful engagement with unlawful occupiers and the provision of alternative accommodation in terms of its constitutional and statutory obligations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif ondersoek die behuisingsregte van onregmatige okkupeerders in die post-1994 grondwetlike bedeling. Artikel 26 van die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika, 1996 gee elke persoon die reg op toegang tot geskikte behuising. Hierdie bepaling is ‘n duidelike breuk met die apartheid-verlede waar gedwonge uitsettings swart mense na die periferie van die samelewing verban het. Die sentrale hipotese van hierdie proefskrif is dat die Grondwet beoog om ‘n samelewing te skep wat verbind is tot grootskaalse transformasie. Hierdie proefskrif voer aan dat dit onmoontlik is om die volle transformerende potensiaal van artikel 26 van die Grondwet te verwesenlik in die afwesigheid van ‘n onafhanklike en substantiewe begrip van wat dit beteken om toegang tot geskikte behuising te hê. Hierdie proefskrif deurkruis regsteorie sowel as die gemenereg ten aansien van uitsettings, staatsreg and internasionale reg. ‘n Doelbewuste interdisiplinêre benadering word gevolg in die soeke na die ontwikkeling van die inhoud van artikel 26 van die Grondwet met verwysing na literatuur uit die sosiale- en politieke wetenskappe. Die proefskrif ontwikkel ‘n organiserende raamwerk waarmee substantiewe inhoud aan artikel 26(1) van die Grondwet verleen kan word met verwysing na die Internasionale Verdrag op Ekonomiese, Sosiale en Kulturele Regte; die Konvensie vir die Beskerming van Menseregte en Fundamentele Vryhede; die Hersiene Europese Sosiale Handves; die Amerikaanse Konvensie op Menseregte en die Afrika Handves op Mense en Persoonsregte. Hierdie proefskrif wys dat die beregting van uitsettingsdispute wegbeweeg het van ’n posisie onder die gemenereg waar howe geen diskresie gehad het om uitsettingsbevele te weier op grond van die persoonlike omstandighede van die plakkers nie. Die beregting van uitsettingsdispute vereis nou ‘n konteks-sensitiewe analise wat strewe daarna om konkrete oplossings te vind. Hierdie oplossings word bereik deur in ag te neem wat reg en billik sal wees vir beide die eienaar en die onregmatige okkupeerders. Die proefskrif wys ook dat die regering ‘n merkbaar nuwe rol vervul in post-apartheid uitsettings deur die noodsaaklike voeging van munisipaliteite tot uitsettings, sinvolle interaksie met onregmatige okkupeerders en die voorsiening van alternatiewe akkommodasie in terme van grondwetlike and statutêre pligte.
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Temmers, Zsa-Zsa. "Building encroachments and compulsory transfer of ownership." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5326.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLD (Private Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African courts seem to be adopting a new approach to the problem of building encroachments. For pragmatic and policy reasons courts are now inclined to exercise its discretion in favour of leaving building encroachments in place, against compensation, despite the common law right to demand removal. It has been widely accepted that courts indeed have the discretion to award damages instead of removal of the building encroachment. However, the circumstances involved and the consequences of these orders are uncertain and hence these orders result in confusion. It is unclear how this discretion is exercised. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether this discretion includes the power to order transfer of the encroached-upon land to the encroacher. There are doctrinal and constitutional implications that may be triggered by these court orders that leave building encroachments in place. The doctrinal issues centre on what happens when an encroachment is not removed and nothing is said about the rights of the respective parties after the order is made. Possible solutions are investigated to provide a doctrinally sound outcome in encroachment disputes. It is clear that the encroacher is allowed to continue occupying the portion of property on which the encroachment is erected. It seems as though a use right is indirectly created when the encroachment remains in place. The constitutional difficulty lies in the fact that the court orders may result in infringements that conflict with section 25 of the Constitution. The focus is specifically to determine whether these orders result in the compulsory loss of property or property rights. With reference to Germany, the Netherlands and Australia, a comparative perspective is provided in order to support the doctrinal and policy arguments. The comparative law provides a source of guidelines for what may work effectively and informs the ultimate suggestion of this project, namely the need for legislation to regulate building encroachments in South Africa. The legislation envisaged would have to prescribe with at least some sort of certainty how and in which circumstances the discretion should be exercised. It should also provide clarity with regard to the right that is created when the encroachment is not removed and how the compensation that is awarded in exchange for removal, should be determined. The unnecessary confusion and uncertainty that result from court orders made in the context of building encroachments may be cleared up by legislation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid Afrikaanse howe begin al hoe meer om ‘n nuwe benadering te volg ten opsigte van oorskrydende bouwerke. Dit lyk asof howe meer geneig is om hul diskresie uit te oefen ten gunste daarvan om die oorskryding vir pragmatiese en beleidsredes teen vergoeding in stand te hou, ten spyte van die gemeenregtelike reg om verwydering te eis. Daar word algemeen aanvaar dat howe wel die diskresie het om in die konteks van oorskrydende bouwerke skadevergoeding toe te ken in plaas van verwydering. Die omstandighede betrokke by en die nagevolge van hierdie beslissings is egter onseker en daarom lei dit tot verwarring. Dit is nie altyd duidelik hoe hierdie diskresie uitgeoefen word nie. Daarbenewens is daar ook onsekerheid oor of die diskresie die bevoegdheid insluit om oordrag van die grond waarop die oorsrkryding staan, te gelas. Die beslissings kan ook doktrinêre en grondwetlike implikasies hê. In terme van die doktrinêre probleem is daar vrae oor wat gebeur as die oorskryding nie verwyder word nie en niks word gesê oor die regte van beide partye in die dispuut nie. Oplossings word ondersoek om die beste moontlike doktrinêre verduideliking te probeer vasstel. Die eienaar van die oorskrydende bouwerk mag voortgaan om die grond waarop die oorskryding staan te okkupeer. Dit lyk asof ‘n gebruiksreg indirek geskep word ten gunste van die oorskryder wanneer die oorskryding nie verwyder word nie. ‘n Grondwetlike probleem mag veroorsaak word deur die moontlike oortreding van artikel 25 van die Grondwet. Die beslissings mag lei tot die gedwonge verlies van grond of regte, wat aan die vereistes van artikel 25 moet voldoen. ‘n Vergelykende perspektief met verwysing na Duitsland, Nederland en Australië word verskaf om die doktrinêre en beleidsargumente te ondersteun. Die vergelykende reg bied ‘n bron van riglyne vir wat effektief kan werk en het dus die wetgewing wat in hierdie proefskrif voorgestel word geïnspireer. Die wetgewing wat beoog word sal moet voorskryf hoe en onder watter omstanghede die diskresie uitgeoefen moet word. Dit moet ook sekerheid gee ten opsigte van die reg wat geskep word as die oorskryding nie verwyder word nie en hoe die skadevergoeding bepaal moet word. Die onnodige verwaring en onsekerheid wat veroorsaak word deur hierdie hofbeslissings kan opgeklaar word deur die promulgering van wetgewing om oorskrydende bouwerke te reguleer.
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Maass, Sue-Mari. "Tenure security in urban rental housing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5405.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLD (Public Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Bibliography
ABSTRACT ENGLISH: The dissertation considers the tenure rights of urban residential tenants in the post-1994 constitutional dispensation. The 1996 Constitution mandates tenure reform in two instances. Firstly, section 25(6) (read with section 25(9)) mandates the legislature to enact legislation that would provide legally secure tenure rights for a person or community whose tenure of land is insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices. This form of tenure reform is race-based. Secondly, section 26(3) mandates the courts to consider all relevant circumstances during eviction proceedings. In terms of this provision the court can refuse to grant the eviction order on the basis of the occupier's socio-economic weakness, which is a more general form of class-related tenure reform. The Constitution also ensures the right to have access to adequate housing, while the legislature must introduce measures that would give effect to this right (sections 26(1) and 26(2)). To determine whether the current landlord-tenant regime in South Africa is able to provide tenants with secure occupation rights and access to rental housing, it is compared to landlord-tenant regimes in pre-1994 South Africa, the United Kingdom, New York State and Germany. The landlord-tenant regimes are considered in light of changing socio-economic circumstances where the state had to assist households during housing shortages. The dissertation assesses the efficiency of landlord-tenant law, combined with regulatory measures that ensure substantive tenure rights and rent restrictions, as a form of tenure that could help alleviate housing shortages and initiate a new landlord-tenant regime for South Africa that would give effect to the Constitution. The dissertation concludes that the current substantive tenure rights of urban residential tenants are largely based on the common law, which is associated with weak tenure security. The landlord-tenant laws, namely the Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999 and the Social Housing Act 16 of 2008, fail to provide urban residential tenants with substantive tenure rights. The legislature has failed to enact a law that gives effect to section 25(6) in the landlord-tenant framework. The legislature did enact the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998 (PIE) in order to give effect to section 26(3). Recently the courts interpreted PIE to provide marginalized tenants with substantive tenure protection during eviction proceedings. However, to give effect to section 25(6) legislation should grant residential tenants substantive tenure rights that are legally secure prior to eviction. The legislature enacted the Rental Housing Act and the Social Housing Act to give effect to the right to housing (section 26 of the Constitution) in the landlord-tenant framework. These laws fail to promote access to rental housing as a form of tenure that could help alleviate housing shortages.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die proefskrif oorweeg die okkupasieregte van stedelike residensiële huurders in die post-1994 konstitusionele bedeling. Die 1996 Grondwet bepaal dat okkupasieregte in twee gevalle hervorm moet word. Eerstens gee artikel 25(6) (gelees met artikel 25(9)) opdrag aan die wetgewer om wetgewing te verorden wat okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid aan 'n person of gemeenskap sal verleen indien so 'n person of gemeenskap tans grond okkupeer met okkupasieregte wat onseker is as gevolg van vorige rasgebaseerde wetgewing. Hierdie tipe hervorming is rasgebaseer. Tweedens gee artikel 26(3) opdrag aan die howe om alle relevante faktore te oorweeg as deel van enige uitsettingsprosedure. In terme van hierdie bepaling is die howe gemagtig om 'n uitsettingsbevel te weier op die basis van die okkupeerder se sosio-ekonomiese kwesbaarheid. Hierdie tipe hervorming is 'n meer algemene klasgebaseerde hervorming. Artikel 26(1) (gelees met artikel 26(2)) van die Grondwet bepaal dat elkeen die reg op toegang tot geskikte behuising het, terwyl die staat redelike wetgewende en ander maatreëls moet tref om hierdie reg te verwesenlik. Ten einde te bepaal of die huidige huurbehuisingstelsel in Suid-Afrika voldoende is, met inagneming van die stelsel se vermoë om huurders te voorsien van okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid en van toegang tot huurbehuising, word dit vergelyk met die huurbehuisingstelsels in Suid Afrika voor 1994, die Verenigde Koninkryk, New York Staat en Duitsland. Hierdie huurbehuisingstelsels word bespreek met inagneming van veranderinge in die sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede waartydens die staat gedurende behuisingstekorte huishoudings moes ondersteun. Die doeltreffendheid van huurbehuising word beoordeel met verwysing na regulasies wat substantiewe okkupasieregte verseker en beperkings plaas op huurpryse om 'n vorm van verblyfreg daar te stel wat die behuisingstekort kan verminder ten einde 'n nuwe huurbehuisingstelsel vir Suid-Afrika te inisieër wat gevolg aan die Grondwet sal gee. Die proefskrif lei tot die gevolgtrekking dat die huidige substantiewe okkupasieregte van stedelike residensiële huurders grotendeels op die gemenereg gebaseer is. Die gemenereg maak nie voorsiening vir sterk substantiewe okkupasieregte nie. Die huidige huurbehuisingswetgewing, naamlik die Wet op Huurbehuising 50 van 1999 en die Wet op Maatskaplike Behuising 16 van 2008, slaag nie daarin om substantiewe okkupasieregte vir stedelike residensiële huurders te voorsien nie. Die wetgewer het nie daarin geslaag om 'n wet te promulgeer wat in die huurbehuisingsraamwerk aan artikel 25(6) effek gee nie. Die wetgewer het wel die Wet op die Voorkoming van Onwettige Uitsetting en Onregmatige Besetting van Grond 19 van 1998 verorden om effek te gee aan artikel 26(3) van die Grondwet. Hierdie Wet is onlangs so deur die howe geïnterpreteer dat dit kwesbare huurders tydens uitsettingsprosedures met substantiewe okkupasieregte beskerm. Om aan artikel 25(6) te voldoen moet wetgewing egter substantiewe okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid aan residensiële huurders verskaf voordat hulle uitgesit word. Die wetgewer het die Wet op Huurbehuising en die Wet op Maatskaplike Behuising verorden ten einde effek aan die reg op behuising (artikel 26 van die Grondwet) in die gebied van huurbehuising te gee. Geeneen van hierdie wette slaag daarin om toegang tot behuising, en veral huurbehuising as 'n vorm van okkupasie, te bevorder ten einde die behuisingtekort te verminder nie.
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McCord, Eric Steven. "The relationship between place management and physical environment in apartment crime." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2686.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this research is crime in multi-unit rental structures, Specifically, apartment complexes. It seeks to identify management policies and environmental attributes that are associated with lower crime and police calls for service rates.