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Journal articles on the topic 'Land/water interface'

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Published: 7 July 2024

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1

Marvez, Eduardo, Debra Houry, Steven Weiss, Juliette Saussy, and Dawne Orgeron. "A land-water interface collision." Prehospital Emergency Care 3, no. 3 (January 1999): 260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10903129908958948.

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2

Downing, John P., Michel Meybeck, James C. Orr, R. R. Twilley, and H. W. Scharpenseel. "Land and water interface zones." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 70, no. 1-4 (October 1993): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01104992.

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3

Indumati, S., R. B. Oza, Y. S. Mayya, V. D. Puranik, and H. S. Kushwaha. "Dispersion of pollutants over land–water–land interface: Study using CALPUFF model." Atmospheric Environment 43, no. 2 (January 2009): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.030.

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4

Pringle, Catherine M., and Mary Barber. "The Land–Water Interface: Science for a Sustainable Biosphere1." Ecological Applications 10, no. 4 (August 2000): 939–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0939:tlwisf]2.0.co;2.

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5

Akegbejo-Samsons, Yemi. "Climate change impacts on fisheries production in land-water interface." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 29 (February 1, 2009): 292022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/29/292022.

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6

Pe'eri, Shachak, Lynnette V. Morgan, William D. Philpot, and Andrew A. Armstrong. "Land-Water Interface Resolved from Airborne LIDAR Bathymetry (ALB) Waveforms." Journal of Coastal Research 62 (March 2011): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si_62_8.

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7

Dominguez, Larry. "Beyond Biology: Can We Reconcile the Land–Water–Humankind Interface?" Fisheries 38, no. 2 (February 8, 2013): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2013.760279.

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8

Guo, Haipeng, and Jiu Jimmy Jiao. "Impact of Coastal Land Reclamation on Ground Water Level and the Sea Water Interface." Ground Water 45, no. 3 (May 2007): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00290.x.

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9

Ervin, Gary N., and Robert G. Wetzel. "An ecological perspective of allelochemical interference in land–water interface communities." Plant and Soil 256, no. 1 (September 2003): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1026253128812.

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10

DAHM, CLIFFORD N., JAMES R. CLEVERLY, JULIA E. ALLRED COONROD, JAMES R. THIBAULT, DIANNE E. MCDONNELL, and DAVID J. GILROY. "Evapotranspiration at the land/water interface in a semi-arid drainage basin." Freshwater Biology 47, no. 4 (April 2002): 831–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00917.x.

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11

Dreyer, Jamin, and Claudio Gratton. "Habitat linkages in conservation biological control: Lessons from the land–water interface." Biological Control 75 (August 2014): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.11.006.

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12

Muñoz-Villers, L. E., D. R. Geissert, F. Holwerda, and J. J. McDonnell. "Factors influencing stream water transit times in tropical montane watersheds." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 10 (October 27, 2015): 10975–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-10975-2015.

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Abstract. Stream water mean transit time (MTT) is a fundamental hydrologic parameter that integrates the distribution of sources, flow paths and storages present in catchments. However, in the tropics little MTT work has been carried out, despite its usefulness for providing important information on watershed functioning at different spatial scales in (largely) ungauged basins. In particular, very few studies have quantified stream MTTs and related to catchment characteristics in tropical montane regions. Here we examined topographic, land use/cover and soil hydraulic controls on baseflow transit times for nested watersheds (0.1–34 km2) within a humid mountainous region, underlain by volcanic soil (Andisols) in central Veracruz (eastern Mexico). We used a 2 year record of bi-weekly isotopic composition of precipitation and stream baseflow data to estimate MTT. Land use/cover and topographic parameters (catchment area and form, drainage density, slope gradient and length) were derived from GIS analysis. Soil water retention characteristics, and depth and permeability of the soil–bedrock interface were obtained from intensive field measurements and laboratory analysis. Results showed that baseflow MTT ranged between 1.2 and 2.7 years across the 12 study catchments. Overall, MTTs across scales were mainly controlled by catchment slope and the permeability observed at the soil–bedrock interface. In association with topography, catchment form, land cover and the depth to the soil–bedrock interface were also identified as important features influencing baseflow MTTs. The greatest differences in MTTs were found at the smallest (0.1–1.5 km2) and the largest scales (14–34 km2). Interestingly, longest stream MTTs were found in the headwater cloud forest catchments.
13

Imanian, Hanifeh, Hamidreza Shirkhani, Abdolmajid Mohammadian, Juan Hiedra Hiedra Cobo, and Pierre Payeur. "Spatial Interpolation of Soil Temperature and Water Content in the Land-Water Interface Using Artificial Intelligence." Water 15, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030473.

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The distributed measured data in large regions and remote locations, along with a need to estimate climatic data for point sites where no data have been recorded, has encouraged the implementation of spatial interpolation techniques. Recently, the increasing use of artificial intelligence has become a promising alternative to conventional deterministic algorithms for spatial interpolation. The present study aims to evaluate some machine learning-based algorithms against conventional strategies for interpolating soil temperature data from a region in southeast Canada with an area of 1000 km by 550 km. The radial basis function neural networks (RBFN) and the deep learning approach were used to estimate soil temperature along a railroad after the spline deterministic spatial interpolation method failed to interpolate gridded soil temperature data on the desired locations. The spline method showed weaknesses in interpolating soil temperature data in areas with sudden changes. This limitation did not improve even by increasing the spline nonlinearity. Although both radial basis function neural networks and the deep learning approach had successful performances in interpolating soil temperature data even in sharp transition areas, deep learning outperformed the former method with a normalized RMSE of 9.0% against 16.2% and an R-squared of 89.2% against 53.8%. This finding was confirmed in the same investigation on soil water content.
14

Ma, Hong Zhang, and Su Mei Liu. "The Computation of the Effective Temperature of the Land Surface Covered with Canopy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 607 (July 2014): 830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.607.830.

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—Surface soil moisture is an important parameter in describing the water and energy exchanges at the land surface/atmosphere interface. Passive microwave remote sensors have great potential for monitoring surface soil moisture over land surface. The objective of this study is going to establish a model for estimating the effective temperature of land surface covered with vegetation canopy and to investigate how to compute the microwave radiative brightness temperature of land surface covered with vegetation canopy in considering of the canopy scatter effect.
15

Gorfer, Alexander, Christoph Dellago, and Marcello Sega. "High-density liquid (HDL) adsorption at the supercooled water/vapor interface and its possible relation to the second surface tension inflection point." Journal of Chemical Physics 158, no. 5 (February 7, 2023): 054503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132985.

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We investigate the properties of water along the liquid/vapor coexistence line in the supercooled regime down to the no-man’s land. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the TIP4P/2005 liquid/vapor interface in the range 198–348 K allow us to locate the second surface tension inflection point with a high accuracy at 283 ± 5 K, close to the temperature of maximum density. This temperature also coincides with the appearance of a density anomaly at the interface known as the apophysis. We relate the emergence of the apophysis to the observation of high-density liquid (HDL) water adsorption in the proximity of the liquid/vapor interface.
16

Smith, Inga J., Patricia J. Langhorne, Timothy G. Haskell, H. Joe Trodahl, Russell Frew, and M. Ross Vennell. "Platelet ice and the land-fast sea ice of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 33 (2001): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756401781818365.

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AbstractDendritic crystals of platelet ice appear beneath the columnar land-fast sea ice of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. These leaf-like crystals are frozen into place by the advancing columnar growth. The platelets most probably begin to appear during July although in some parts of the Sound they may not appear at all. In addition, the amount and extent of platelet ice within the Sound varies from year to year. Previous authors have suggested that the formation of platelet ice is linked to the presence of the nearby ice shelf. It is a matter of debate whether these platelets form at depth and then float upwards or whether they grow in slightly supercooled water at the ice/water interface. The phenomenon is similar to that observed in the Weddell Sea region, but previous authors have suggested the two regions may experience different processes. This paper presents the results of field-work conducted in McMurdo Sound in 1999. Ice-structure analysis, isotopic analysis and salinity and temperature measurements near the ice/water interface are presented. Freezing points are calculated, and the possible existence of supercooling is discussed in relation to existing conjectures about the origin of platelets.
17

Huang, Yang, Junling Deng, Min Xiao, Yujie Huang, Hui Li, Yinyin Xiao, and Yiting Huang. "Study of the Ecosystem Service Value Gradient at the Land–Water Interface Zone of the Xijiang River Mainstem." Applied Sciences 13, no. 18 (September 20, 2023): 10485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131810485.

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The ecosystem service value (ESV) gradient-evolution pattern of a river basin’s land and water-intertwined zones has a variety of ecosystem service values, such as biodiversity conservation, water conservation, water purification, etc. The study of the ecosystem service value (ESV) gradient-evolution pattern of a river basin’s land and water-intertwined zones will provide a scientific basis for the construction and protection of the ecological security pattern of the river basins. In this study, we combined the unit area equivalent factor method and geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to classify and analyze the gradient change pattern of ESV upstream, downstream, and along the river of the Guangdong mainstream section of the Xijiang River in China, and the conclusions are as follows: (1) The corresponding ESV share of each land use type was in the following order: water bodies > broad-leaved forest > artificial wetland > scrub > paddy field > coniferous forest > natural wetland > grassland. The level of each type of ESV does not depend entirely on the size of the area but is determined by the ecosystem service functions it can provide and the level of ESV per unit area; (2) the relationship between land use types along both sides of the river in the Guangdong section of the Xijiang River Basin shows a tendency to shift from water ecosystems to terrestrial ecosystems, and the ESV gradually decreases with the increase in distance from the water. (3) The upstream to the downstream area showed a trend of changing from terrestrial ecosystems to aquatic ecosystems, such as broad-leaved forests, scrublands, water bodies, artificial wetlands, etc., and the mean land ESV showed a general trend of undulating change and decline with the reduction in the distance from the downstream area. (4) Natural factors, such as the topography and geomorphology of the basin and the socio-economic factors of power consumption, influence the spatial distribution characteristics of the ESV in the region; among them, socio-economic factors, such as total power consumption, industrial exhaust gas emissions, industrial wastewater emissions, etc., in the economically developed areas of the Xijiang River Basin are the determinants of the changes in ESV, which are generated by human living and production activities, and these indirectly affect the magnitude of the ESV by influencing the factors of temperature and gas.
18

Di Prima, Simone, Mirko Castellini, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, and Artemi Cerdà. "Soil Hydrology for a Sustainable Land Management: Theory and Practice." Water 12, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041109.

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Soil hydrology determines the water–soil–plant interactions in the Earth’s system, because porous medium acts as an interface within the atmosphere and lithosphere, regulates main processes such as runoff discharge, aquifer recharge, movement of water and solutes into the soil and, ultimately, the amount of water retained and available for plants growth. Soil hydrology can be strongly affected by land management. Therefore, investigations aimed at assessing the impact of land management changes on soil hydrology are necessary, especially with a view to optimize water resources. This Special Issue collects 12 original contributions addressing the state of the art of soil hydrology for sustainable land management. These contributions cover a wide range of topics including (i) effects of land-use change, (ii) water use efficiency, (iii) erosion risk, (iv) solute transport, and (v) new methods and devices for improved characterization of soil physical and hydraulic properties. They involve both field and laboratory experiments, as well as modelling studies. Also, different spatial scales, i.e., from the field- to regional-scales, as well as a wide range of geographic regions are also covered. The collection of these manuscripts presented in this Special Issue provides a relevant knowledge contribution for effective saving water resources and sustainable land management.
19

Schumacher, Johanna, Sabine Lange, Felix Müller, and Gerald Schernewski. "Assessment of Ecosystem Services across the Land–Sea Interface in Baltic Case Studies." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 11799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411799.

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Spatial assessments of ecosystem services (ES) are needed to fulfil EU policy requirements and to support practical applications of the ES concept in policy implementation. So far, ES assessments have largely focused on terrestrial systems. A joint approach for land and sea is especially lacking. To overcome this gap, we present a novel spatial habitat typology and ES classification for an assessment across the land–sea interface. We build upon existing approaches and common spatial definitions, like CORINE land cover (CLC) types, water bodies of the Water Framework Directive (WFD), and habitat types according to the Habitats Directive (HD). We show applications of the resulting ES matrix for an expert-based assessment of ES potentials in three Baltic study sites (Schlei, Greifswald Bay and Curonian Lagoon). A complementary indicator-based approach to assess ES flows is introduced and applied. It enables a quantification of ES potentials and flows and ensures comparability among case study sites. Comparisons between the results for ES potentials and flows show that development capacities exist in particular for provisioning ES for marine habitats. Our approaches are spatially expandable and transferrable and could be applied to support environmental policy implementation. Further, we discuss their practical relevance, current limitations, and future research perspectives.
20

Bajzelj, Bojana, Richard A. Fenner, Elizabeth Curmi, and Keith S. Richards. "Teaching sustainable and integrated resource management using an interactive nexus model." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 17, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-02-2014-0022.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to enhance and complement teaching about resource system feedbacks and environmental modelling. Students were given an interactive exercise based on a research model (ForeseerTM), developed by an inter-disciplinary research team, that explores the interconnectivity of water, energy and land resources. Two groups of students were involved, one of undergraduates and the other of graduates. Design/methodology/approach – The Foreseer model represents physical flows of the three resources (water, energy and land) using an interactive visual interface. The exercise was set up by giving students short instructions about how to use the tool to create four scenarios, and an online questionnaire was used to capture their understanding and their ability to extract information from the model. Findings – The exercise proved to be a helpful way to connect research and teaching in higher education, to the benefit of both. For students, it was an interactive and engaging way to learn about these complex sustainability issues. At the same time, it provided tangible feedback to researchers working on the model about the clarity of its user interface and its pedagogic value. Originality/value – This exercise represents a novel use of a resource model as a teaching tool in the study of the water, energy and land nexus, and is relevant to sustainability educators as an example of a model-centred learning approach on this topic.
21

Poulos, Serafeim E., Vasilios Kapsimalis, and Ioannis P. Panagiotopoulos. "Coastal and Continental Shelf Dynamics in a Changing Climate." Water 14, no. 10 (May 23, 2022): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101660.

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22

Gharbia, Salem S., Laurence Gill, Paul Johnston, and Francesco Pilla. "GEO-CWB: GIS-Based Algorithms for Parametrising the Responses of Catchment Dynamic Water Balance Regarding Climate and Land Use Changes." Hydrology 7, no. 3 (July 13, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030039.

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Parametrising the spatially distributed dynamic catchment water balance is a critical factor in studying the hydrological system responses to climate and land use changes. This study presents the development of a geographic information system (GIS)-based set of algorithms (geographical spatially distributed water balance model (GEO-CWB)), which is developed from integrating physical, statistical, and machine learning models. The GEO-CWB tool has been developed to simulate and predict future spatially distributed dynamic water balance using GIS environment at the catchment scale in response to the future changes in climate variables and land use through a user-friendly interface. The tool helps in bridging the gap in quantifying the high-resolution dynamic water balance components for the large catchments by reducing the computational costs. Also, this paper presents the application and validation of GEO-CWB on the Shannon catchment in Ireland as an example of a large and complicated hydrological system. It can be concluded that climate and land use changes have significant effects on the spatial and temporal patterns of the different water balance components of the catchment.
23

Hiner, Colleen C. ""Chicken wars", water fights, and other contested ecologies along the rural-urban interface in California's Sierra Nevada foothills." Journal of Political Ecology 23, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20188.

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The regional political ecology approach entails attention to chains of explanation both up and down scale while acknowledging both the similarities and distinctiveness between and among local level patterns and processes. In this paper, I apply the regional political ecology approach to the study of the rural-urban interface. The rural-urban interface is the site of multi-dimensional (environmental, economic, sociocultural) change as shifts in landscapes and lifestyles iteratively influence land use/management and the cultural context of places in flux. In Calaveras County, California (USA), situated in the Sierra Nevada foothills, certain features of and activities on the landscape are being mobilized by a variety of actors, in different ways, and at cross-purposes. In two cases in particular, specific resources (water) and activities (backyard agriculture) became powerful symbolic figures in increasingly heated public policy debates revolving around the use and value of various landscapes in the area. Using mixed, though mainly ethnographic, methods, I examine these instances of environmental conflict, one revolving around a sheep ranch turned golf course and another focused on the proper place of chickens, along the rural-urban interface. After analyzing the processes of change driving these contested ecologies, I describe the challenges of negotiating what is "acceptable" in the context of place-based change and differently situated actors. I conclude by offering some comments on the difficulties of managing competing expectations of use and function in rural places and arguing the significance of pursuing a particularly regional political ecology.Keywords: rural-urban interface; (regional) political ecology; land and environmental management; contested ecologies; environmental conflict.
24

Dreessen, Joel, Daniel Orozco, James Boyle, Jay Szymborski, Pius Lee, Adrian Flores, and Ricardo K. Sakai. "Observed ozone over the Chesapeake Bay land-water interface: The Hart-Miller Island Pilot Project." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 69, no. 11 (October 15, 2019): 1312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2019.1668497.

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25

De Ridder, Koen. "Remote sensing of parameters that regulate energy and water transfer at the land-atmosphere interface." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere 25, no. 2 (January 2000): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-1909(99)00130-6.

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26

Dezső, József, Szabolcs Czigány, Gábor Nagy, Ervin Pirkhoffer, Marcin Słowik, and Dénes Lóczy. "Monitoring soil moisture dynamics in multilayered Fluvisols." Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series 16, no. 1 (June 18, 2019): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2019-0009.

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Abstract The identification of drought-sensitive areas (DSAs) in floodplain Fluvisols of high textural pedodiversity is crucial for sustainable land management purposes. During extended drought periods moisture replenishment is only available by capillary rise from the groundwater. However, moisture flux is often hindered by capillary barriers in the interface between layers of contrasting textures. The results of HYDRUS-1D simulations run on multilayered soil profiles were integrated into textural maps to determine the spatial distribution of water dynamics on the floodplain of the Drava River (SW Hungary). Model runs and field data revealed limited moisture replenishment by capillary rise when both contrasting textural interfaces and sandy layers are present in the profile. By implementing these textural and hydraulic relations, a drought vulnerability map (DSA map) of the operational area of the Old Drava Programme (ODP) was developed. According to the spatial distribution of soils of reduced capillary rise, 52% of the ODP area is likely threatened by droughts. Our model results are adaptable for optimisation of land- and water-management practices along the floodplains of low-energy and medium-sized rivers under humid continental and maritime climates.
27

McGrath, Jamie. "The Siege of Enniskillen Castle, 1594: An Object Lesson in Combat Across the Land-Water Interface." Marine Corps History 9, no. 1 (June 28, 2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090101.

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The U.S. Marine Corps spent the years between the world wars developing a doctrine of opposed landings from the sea in an arena where the ocean provided the only maneuver space, but the opposed amphibious operation is not the province of ocean-borne amphibious assaults alone. The land-water interface impacts warfare well inland from the coast, and much can be learned from the application of riverine and lacustrine amphibious assaults found in history. One such example is the siege of Enniskillen Castle in Ireland in 1594. English operations at Enniskillen demonstrated the value of coordinated waterborne and land-based forces at the tactical level. Considering English lacustrine operations in the Irish Nine Years’ War (1593–1603) and U.S. riverine warfare experiences in the American Civil War and Vietnam War can inform Marine planners as they develop the tactics, techniques, and procedures of the Marine Littoral Regiments.
28

Richardson, John S., Yixin Zhang, and Laurie B. Marczak. "Resource subsidies across the land-freshwater interface and responses in recipient communities." River Research and Applications 26, no. 1 (July 5, 2009): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1283.

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Zhang, Yun, Guofeng He, Jichun Wu, Zhiduo Zhu, Xuexin Yan, and Tianliang Yang. "Experimental study on mechanism for pumping-induced land subsidence." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 382 (April 22, 2020): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-387-2020.

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Abstract. Groundwater pumping can cause severe land subsidence, yet the mechanisms have not been completely clear. A laboratory physical model test was done to investigate the mechanism for pumping-induced land subsidence. In the model test, a model well was installed and pumpage through the well was taken. During and after pumping, the soil displacement and the pore water pressure were documented. The pore water pressure within the pumped sand layer decreased immediately after pumping and recovered immediately after stopping pumping, while the pore water pressure in the neighboring silty clay layers first increased and then decreased with pumping, and first decreased and then increased after pumping was stopped and groundwater level in the sand layer recovered. The duration within which the pore water pressure in the silty clay increased when pumping was increasingly great with the distance from the pumped sand layer. The compaction of the neighboring silty clay first occurred near the interface between the silty and sand layers, and the silty clay expanded vertically within some zones. The test results indicate that the mechanism for land subsidence is complex. Due to their low permeability, aquitard units may expand in a period when groundwater is withdrawn from the neighboring aquifer units, and they may compact when groundwater is recharged into the neighboring aquifer units. This is one of the reasons for the lagging compaction of aquitard units.
30

Dubinina, Anastasiia, Aleksandra Wawrzyńska, and Karolina A. Krośnicka. "Permeability of Waterfronts—Contemporary Approach in Designing Urban Blue Spaces." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 9357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159357.

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The constant struggle with rising sea levels and flood hazards has resulted in the change of the paradigm in shaping urban waterfronts towards increasing their permeability and creation of urban blue spaces. The aim of the paper was to indicate a new approach in designing public spaces at the sea–land interface by presenting a comparative study of the design solutions used in case of the four selected case studies: the Sea Organs in Zadar (Croatia), Norwegian National Opera and Ballet in Oslo (Norway), the Coastal Public Sauna in Helsinki (Finland) and Tel Aviv’s Central Promenade (Israel). The studied examples take into account the permeability of waterfronts (understood as a feature of the edge between water–land consisting of being soft and permeable). The authors decided to use the case study method as the main approach, analyzing such elements as: the site’s location and urban context, features of urban and architectural design (with usage of graphic methods and a qualitative description), and the land–water edge type (defined according the existing typologies). The study proved, that in recent years the designers have started to replace the vertical quay walls, which create a “rigid” water–land border, with multi-level solutions having a high degree of permeability for water.
31

Lakkad, A. P., Dhiraji P. Patel, Dileswar Nayak, and P. K. Shrivastava. "Preparation of Erosion Susceptibility Map of Dhaman Khadi Sub-Watershed in Eastern Gujarat Using ArcGIS Interface." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 2196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1111.

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An attempt has been made to model land degradation in term of water erosion of selected Dhaman Khadi sub-watershed (7710.64 ha.) in Eastern Gujarat, India through Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation using ArcGIS interface. The average erosivity of 30 years (1986-2015) annual rainfall using standard formula was estimated to be 480.63 MJ mm ha−1 hr−1 per year. The erodibility factor K was computed as 0.236 and 0.177 mt∙hr MJ−1 mm−1 per unit R respectively for clay loam and clay soils using modified formula.. 20 m Digital Elevation Model was prepared from Toposheet No. F43N10 by using ‘Topo to Raster’ interpolation method. The slope length factor L was derived from DEM using Unit Stream Power Erosion and Deposition (USPED) Model. The raster layers of slope steepness factor for slope having < 9 % and ≥ 9 % was prepared separately to form final slope steepness factor map. Cover management factor map was derived based on cropping pattern for the various land cover categories of the study area. The standard conservation practice factor values for cross-sloped agricultural lands were assigned to the attribute table of the intersected map of LU/LC and slope maps to prepare the P factor map. Average gross soil erosion was minimum for evergreen forest while maximum for wasteland without scrub. Highest area covered by agricultural land (i. e. 41.54) of Dhaman Khadi sub-watershed having 33.28 tons/ha/yr gross soil erosion needs immediatetreatment to prevent land degradation. Soil loss tolerance limit of study area was used to derive erosion susceptibility map in order to identify the priority of conservation programs. As all the factors of RUSLE was estimated precisely at sub-watershed level, the study could help for rapid and reliable planning of watershed development programs in combination with the use of RS and GIS technology.
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Nugrahaeni, Salsabiila Bayu, Ignasius Loyola Setyawan Purnama, and Vincentia Anindha Primacintya. "Evaluation of groundwater usage in relationship to groundwater vulnerability to sea water intrusion in Cilacap Coastal." E3S Web of Conferences 325 (2021): 08004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132508004.

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Besides being able to cause land subsidence, excessive groundwater use in coastal areas can also cause to sea water intrusion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of groundwater in the study area in relation to its vulnerability to sea water intrusion. Because groundwater in the study area is used for domestic, industry and livestock purposes, the water use that is taken into account is the use of water for the three sectors. The amount of water used for domestic purposes is calculated based on the population and the amount of water needed of each person per day. The amount of water use for industry is calculated based on the number of industrial employees and water usage of each employee per day. Water use for livestock is calculated based on the number of livestock and water use of each livestock per day. The results of this water usage calculation are then linked to the criteria for groundwater vulnerability to sea water intrusion and the depth of the interface. Observing the relationship between groundwater usage and the vulnerability of groundwater to sea water intrusion and the depth of its interface, Tegal Kamulyan, Cilacap and Sidakaya villages, all of which are located in South Cilacap District, need attention. The three village are classified as moderate vulnerability to sea water intrusion and shallow interface depth, but their water usage is quite high. For this reason, it is necessary to make efforts to find other water sources for domestic, industry and livestock requirement other than groundwater.
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Lambert, Daniel, Antonella Cattaneo, and Richard Carignan. "Periphyton as an early indicator of perturbation in recreational lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-168.

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We looked for empirical relationships between periphyton biomass and recreational development in the Laurentian lakes of Quebec (Canada). We compared the response of periphyton (as chlorophyll a) on rocks and sediments with that of phytoplankton. Epilithon and epipelon biomass increased significantly with lake recreational development (as percentage of cleared land within a 50 m riparian strip) but was not related with open-water phosphorus concentration. In contrast, phytoplankton was related to open-water phosphorus but did not increase along the gradient of lake development. Periphyton stoichiometric composition also changed with increasing lake development. High C:P and C:N ratios were found in pristine lakes, whereas lower periphyton molar ratios, which approached the optimal stoichiometric composition for benthic microalgae, were observed in the most developed lakes. Our findings suggest that periphyton, positioned near the land–water interface, has access to land-derived nutrients before they are diluted in the open water. Therefore, periphyton on all substrata is the first community to respond to increased inputs resulting from lake recreational development. The measurement of littoral algal biomass and chemical composition may represent a better tool for early detection of lake perturbation than classic methods based on pelagic characteristics.
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Moriasi, Daniel N., Naresh Pai, Jean L. Steiner, Prasanna H. Gowda, Michael Winchell, Hendrik Rathjens, Patrick J. Starks, and J. Alan Verser. "SWAT‐LUT: A Desktop Graphical User Interface for Updating Land Use in SWAT." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 55, no. 5 (September 3, 2019): 1102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12789.

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Clifton, Julian. "Tropical Deltas and Coastal Zones: Food Production, Communities and the Environment at the Land–Water Interface." Ocean & Coastal Management 54, no. 6 (June 2011): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.03.002.

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Schlichting, Peter E., Cara N. Love, Sarah C. Webster, and James C. Beasley. "Efficiency and composition of vertebrate scavengers at the land-water interface in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone." Food Webs 18 (March 2019): e00107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00107.

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37

Greve, Peter, Kirsten Warrach-Sagi, and Volker Wulfmeyer. "Evaluating Soil Water Content in a WRF-Noah Downscaling Experiment." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 52, no. 10 (October 2013): 2312–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-12-0239.1.

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AbstractSoil water content (SWC) depends on and affects the energy flux partitioning at the land–atmosphere interface. Above all, the latent heat flux is limited by the SWC of the root zone on one hand and radiation on the other. Therefore, SWC is a key variable in the climate system. In this study, the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Noah land surface model (WRF-Noah) system in a climate hindcast simulation from 1990 to 2008 is evaluated with respect to SWC versus two reanalysis datasets for Europe during 2007 and 2008 with in situ soil moisture observations from southern France. When compared with the in situ observations, WRF-Noah generally reproduces the SWC annual cycle while the reanalysis SWCs do not. The biases in areal mean WRF-Noah SWCs relate to biases in precipitation and evapotranspiration in a cropland environment. The spatial patterns and temporal variability of the seasonal mean SWCs from the WRF-Noah simulations and from the two reanalyses correspond well, while absolute values differ significantly, especially at the regional scale.
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Prosser, Diann J., Thomas E. Jordan, Jessica L. Nagel, Rochelle D. Seitz, Donald E. Weller, and Dennis F. Whigham. "Impacts of Coastal Land Use and Shoreline Armoring on Estuarine Ecosystems: an Introduction to a Special Issue." Estuaries and Coasts 41, S1 (December 18, 2017): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0331-1.

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Abstract The nearshore land-water interface is an important ecological zone that faces anthropogenic pressure from development in coastal regions throughout the world. Coastal waters and estuaries like Chesapeake Bay receive and process land discharges loaded with anthropogenic nutrients and other pollutants that cause eutrophication, hypoxia, and other damage to shallow-water ecosystems. In addition, shorelines are increasingly armored with bulkhead (seawall), riprap, and other structures to protect human infrastructure against the threats of sea-level rise, storm surge, and erosion. Armoring can further influence estuarine and nearshore marine ecosystem functions by degrading water quality, spreading invasive species, and destroying ecologically valuable habitat. These detrimental effects on ecosystem function have ramifications for ecologically and economically important flora and fauna. This special issue of Estuaries and Coasts explores the interacting effects of coastal land use and shoreline armoring on estuarine and coastal marine ecosystems. The majority of papers focus on the Chesapeake Bay region, USA, where 50 major tributaries and an extensive watershed (~ 167,000 km2), provide an ideal model to examine the impacts of human activities at scales ranging from the local shoreline to the entire watershed. The papers consider the influence of watershed land use and natural versus armored shorelines on ecosystem properties and processes as well as on key natural resources.
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Gusev, Yeugeniy M., and Olga N. Nasonova. "The simulation of heat and water exchange at the land-atmosphere interface for the boreal grassland by the land-surface model SWAP." Hydrological Processes 16, no. 10 (2002): 1893–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.362.

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Zhao, Haojin, Carsten Montzka, Roland Baatz, Harry Vereecken, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen. "The Importance of Subsurface Processes in Land Surface Modeling over a Temperate Region: An Analysis with SMAP, Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing and Triple Collocation Analysis." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 3068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163068.

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Land surface models (LSMs) simulate water and energy cycles at the atmosphere–soil interface, however, the physical processes in the subsurface are typically oversimplified and lateral water movement is neglected. Here, a cross-evaluation of land surface model results (with and without lateral flow processes), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) mission soil moisture product, and cosmic-ray neutron sensor (CRNS) measurements is carried out over a temperate climate region with cropland and forests over western Germany. Besides a traditional land surface model (the Community Land Model (CLM) version 3.5), a coupled land surface-subsurface model (CLM-ParFlow) is applied. Compared to CLM stand-alone simulations, the coupled CLM-ParFlow model considered both vertical and lateral water movement. In addition to standard validation metrics, a triple collocation (TC) analysis has been performed to help understanding the random error variances of different soil moisture datasets. In this study, it is found that the three soil moisture datasets are consistent. The coupled and uncoupled model simulations were evaluated at CRNS sites and the coupled model simulations showed less bias than the CLM-standalone model (−0.02 cm3 cm−3 vs. 0.07 cm3 cm−3), similar random errors, but a slightly smaller correlation with the measurements (0.67 vs. 0.71). The TC-analysis showed that CLM-ParFlow reproduced better soil moisture dynamics than CLM stand alone and with a higher signal-to-noise ratio. This suggests that the representation of subsurface physics is of major importance in land surface modeling and that coupled land surface-subsurface modeling is of high interest.
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Bayram, B., N. Demir, B. Akpinar, S. Oy, F. Erdem, T. Vögtle, and D. Z. Seker. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SEGMENTATION METHODS USING OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY TO ESTIMATE FUZZY CLUSTERING PARAMETERS FOR SENTINEL-1A SAR IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1 (September 26, 2018): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-39-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Optical and SAR data are efficient data sources for shoreline monitoring. The processing of SAR data such as feature extraction is not an easy task since the images have totally different structure than optical imagery. Determination of threshold value is a challenging task for SAR data. In this study, SENTINEL-2A optical data was used as ancillary data to predict fuzzy membership parameters for segmentation of SENTINEL-1A SAR data to extract shoreline. SENTINEL-2A and SENTINEL-1A satellite images used were taken in September 9, 2016 and September 13, 2016 respectively. Three different segmentation algorithms which are selected from object, learning and pixel-based methods. They have been exploited to obtain land and water classes which have been used as an input data for parameter estimation. Thus, the performance of different segmentation algorithm has been investigated and analysed. In the first step of the study, Mean-Shift, Random Forest and Whale Optimization algorithms have been employed to obtain water and land classes from the SENTINEL-2A image. Water and land classes derived from each algorithm – are used as input data, and then the required parameters for the fuzzy clustering of SENTINEL-1A SAR image, were calculated. Lake Constance, Germany has been chosen as the study area. In this study, additionally an interface plugin has been developed and integrated into the open source Quantum GIS software platform. The developed interface allows non-experts to process and extract the shorelines without using any parameters. But, this system requires pre-segmented data as input. Thus, the batch process calculates the required parameters.</p>
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Murdmaa, I. O., E. A. Ovsepyan, E. V. Ivanova, and K. S. Iakimova. "Granulated Vivianite in the Cambridge Strait, Franz Josef Land (Barents Sea)." Литология и полезные ископаемые, no. 4 (July 1, 2023): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024497x23700167.

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Finding of vivianite is first described in a sediment core raised from the Cambridge Strait, western Franz Josef Land. The vivianite is represented by similar spherules mainly of 200–400 micrometers in diameter and by their rare aggregates. Distribution of the vivianite grains in the core is characterized by three maximal values (up to 2.7 grains per gram of dry bulk sediment), within the time interval of the last 4.1 kyr. Linear and flat shape of the aggregates indicates generation of vivianite at the sediment/water interface. It takes place in the reducing condition and sulfide sulfur deficit in the bottom water relative to bivalent iron. Structure of the vivianite grains varies from the cryptocrystalline porous to the fully crystalline dense one reflecting stages of the vivianite crystallization, likely after coagulation of the ferrous phosphate colloid formed due to the bacterial activity. Signs of vivianite microconcrections mentioned by some authors are not observed.
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Rahlff, Janina, Helge-Ansgar Giebel, Christian Stolle, Oliver Wurl, Alexander J. Probst, and Daniel P. R. Herlemann. "Overlooked Diversity of Ultramicrobacterial Minorities at the Air-Sea Interface." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111214.

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Members of the Candidate phylum Patescibacteria, also called Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR), are described as ultramicrobacteria with limited metabolic capacities. Wide diversity and relative abundances up to 80% in anaerobic habitats, e.g., in groundwater or sediments are characteristic for Candidatus Patescibacteria. However, only few studies exist for marine surface water. Here, we report the presence of 40 patescibacterial candidate clades at air-sea interfaces, including the upper water layer, floating foams and the sea-surface microlayer (SML), a < 1 mm layer at the boundary between ocean and atmosphere. Particle-associated (>3 µm) and free-living (3–0.2 µm) samples were obtained from the Jade Bay, North Sea, and 16S rRNA (gene) amplicons were analyzed. Although the abundance of Cand. Patescibacteria representatives were relatively low (<1.3%), members of Cand. Kaiserbacteria and Cand. Gracilibacteria were found in all samples. This suggests profound aerotolerant capacities of these phylogenetic lineages at the air-sea interface. The presence of ultramicrobacteria in the >3 µm fraction implies adhesion to bigger aggregates, potentially in anoxic niches, and a symbiotic lifestyle. Due to their small sizes, Cand. Patescibacteria likely become aerosolized to the atmosphere and dispersed to land with possible implications for affecting microbial communities and associated processes in these ecosystems.
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Pauwelussen, Annet, and G. M. Verschoor. "Amphibious Encounters: Coral and People in Conservation Outreach in Indonesia." Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 3 (May 3, 2017): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2017.59.

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Drawing on long-term ethnographic research in Indonesia, this article describes a conservation outreach project that attempts to educate and convert local people into coral protectors. Both coral and the sea-dwelling Bajau people appear to be amphibious beings, moving between a changeable land-water interface, and between different, fluidly interwoven ontological constellations. We show that the failure of conservation organizations to recognize the ontologically ambiguous nature of “coral” and “people” translates to a breakdown of outreach goals. Mobilizing the concept of amphibiousness to engage this ambiguity and fluidity, we describe the moving land-water interface as the actual living environment for both coral and people. The notion of amphibiousness, we suggest, has practical and political value, in particular for reconsidering outreach and how it may be reframed as a process involving ontological dialogue. For conservation outreach to become seaworthy, it needs to cultivate an amphibious capacity, capable of moving in-between and relating partly overflowing ways of knowing and being. Providing room for ambiguity, thinking with amphibiousness furthermore encourages suspension of the (Western) tendency to explain the Other, to fix what does not add up. As such, it is of heuristic relevance for the on-going discussions of ontological multiplicity that have proliferated at the intersection between STS and anthropology.
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Udin, Wani Sofia, and Zuhaira Nadhila Zahuri. "Land Use and Land Cover Detection by Different Classification Systems using Remotely Sensed Data of Kuala Tiga, Tanah Merah Kelantan, Malaysia." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v5i3.660.

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Land use and land cover classification system has been used widely in many applications such as for baseline mapping for Geographic Information System (GIS) input and also target identification for identification of roads, clearings and also land and water interface. The research was conducted in Kuala Tiga, Tanah Merah, Kelantan and the study area covering about 25 km2. The main purpose of this research is to access the possibilities of using remote sensing for the detection of regional land-use change by developing a land cover classification system. Another goal is to compare the accuracy of supervised and unsupervised classification systems by using remote sensing. In this research, both supervised and unsupervised classifications were tested on satellite images of Landsat 7 and 8 in the years 2001 and 2016. As for supervised classification, the satellite images are combined and classified. Information and data from the field and land cover classification are utilized to identify training areas that represent land cover classes. Then, for unsupervised classification, the satellite images are combined and classified by means of unsupervised classification by using an Iterative Self- Organizing Data Analysis Techniques (ISODATA) algorithm. Information and data from the field and land cover classification are utilized to assign the resulting spectral classes to the land cover classes. This research was then comparing the accuracy of two classification systems at dividing the landscape into five classes; built-up land, agricultural land, bare soil, forest land, water bodies. Overall accuracies for unsupervised classification are 36.34 % for 2016 and 51.76% for 2001 while for supervised classification, accuracy assessments are 95.59 % for 2016 and 96.29 % for 2001.
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Choi, Hyun I., and Xin-Zhong Liang. "Improved Terrestrial Hydrologic Representation in Mesoscale Land Surface Models." Journal of Hydrometeorology 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2010): 797–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jhm1221.1.

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Abstract This study addresses several deficiencies in the existing formulations for terrestrial hydrologic processes in the Common Land Model (CLM) and presents improved solutions, focusing on runoff prediction. In particular, this paper has 1) incorporated a realistic geographic distribution of bedrock depth to improve estimates of the actual soil water capacity; 2) replaced an equilibrium approximation with a dynamic prediction of the water table to produce more reasonable variations of the saturated zone depth; 3) used an exponential decay function with soil depth for the saturated hydraulic conductivity to consider the effect of macropores near the ground surface; 4) formulated an effective hydraulic conductivity of the liquid part at the frozen soil interface and imposed a maximum surface infiltration limit to eliminate numerically generated negative or excessive soil moisture solution; and 5) examined an additional contribution to subsurface runoff from saturation lateral runoff or baseflow controlled by topography. To assess the performance of these modifications, runoff results from a set of offline simulations are validated at a catchment-scaled study domain around the Ohio Valley region. Together, these new schemes enable the CLM to capture well the major characteristics of the observed total runoff variations. The improvement is especially significant at peak discharges under high flow conditions.
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J.P.O, Obiero, Marenya M.O, and Nkuna T. R. "HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE MODELLING IN LUTANANDWA RIVER CATCHMENT, LIMPOPO, SOUTH AFRICA, USING SOIL WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL (SWAT) MODEL." Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37017/jeae.v5i1.40.

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Flow simulation is important in planning and design of engineering hydraulic structures. The purpose of this study is to predict flow in the Lutanandwa river catchment in the Luvuvhu river basin, Limpopo, South Africa. The input data needed for SWAT model set up included Digital Elevation Model (DEM), hydro meteorological data, land cover and soils data acquired from various institutions in South Africa. The DEM was processed from contours in the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Venda. Meteorological data was acquired from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Observed daily stream flow data was obtained from the Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation. Land cover data was acquired from processed satellite imagery obtained from the department of Environmental Affairs and ground truthing carried out to verify the land cover information. Soils information was obtained from the Agricultural Research Council – Institute of Soil, Climate, and Water (ARC-ISCW). The soils data was obtained in the form of geo referenced land type map. Based on assessment of the data status, the period 2002 to 2014 was selected for modeling. The meteorological data processed for this period was prepared in the appropriate format for model set up. Soil water characteristic calculator was used to estimate the soil properties required as input to SWAT model. The land cover types in the study area was converted to corresponding SWAT land use types. The statistical parameters required as input to the weather generator in the SWAT model was calculated using the pcpSTAT programme which was used to compute the parameters using weather information. All input data was processed and prepared in the appropriate format for model set up. The processed input data was loaded into the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) interface of the SWAT model to enable model set up for flow simulation.
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Suyosa Baltazar, Dalton Erick, Damasa Magcale-Macandog, Maria Francesca Tan, Macrina Zafaralla, and Nina Cadiz. "A River Health Status Model Based on Water Quality, Macroinvertebrates and Land Use for Niyugan River, Cabuyao City, Laguna, Philippines." Journal of Environmental Science and Management 19, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2016_2/05.

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A health status model was developed for Niyugan River. It consists of two component parameters: response and pressure. The response parameters, water quality and Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT) proportion measure the current state of the river. Pressure parameters, land use, infrastructure, and riparian vegetation proportion represent the factors that can worsen the current river condition. Water quality indicator values were determined using on-site measurements and analyzed water. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from all the sampling sites. Land use, infrastructure, and riparian vegetation proportions were derived from a map created using Arcmap10. For efficient parameter input and sensitivity analysis, a calculator-like interface was developed using Stella. The score resulted to 37.07, corresponding to a “poor” health. Sensitivity analyses showed that the health score is influenced at a greater extent, by the combination of water quality indicators rather than the number of water quality indicators in the model and by the magnitude of separate indicators within a parameter category. It is suggested that the model is evaluated using data sets from other rivers to further investigate its sensitivity. This model can serve as a basis for developing more dynamic river health models for the Philippines.
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Weber, Bernhard, Michael Panzirsch, Freek Stulp, and Stefan Schneider. "Sensorimotor performance and haptic support in simulated weightlessness." Experimental Brain Research 238, no. 10 (August 7, 2020): 2373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-020-05898-5.

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Abstract The success of many space missions critically depends on human capabilities and performance. Yet, it is known that sensorimotor performance is degraded under conditions of weightlessness. Therefore, astronauts prepare for their missions in simulated weightlessness under water. In the present study, we investigated sensorimotor performance in simulated weightlessness (induced by shallow water immersion) and whether performance can be improved by choosing appropriate haptic settings of the human–machine interface (e.g., motion damping). Twenty-two participants performed basic aiming and tracking tasks with a force feedback joystick under water and on land and with different haptic settings of the joystick (no haptics, three spring stiffnesses, and two motion dampings). While higher resistive forces should be avoided for rapid aiming tasks in simulated weightlessness, tracking performance is best with higher motions damping in both land and water setups, although the performance losses due to water immersion cannot be compensated. The overall result pattern also provides insights into the causal mechanism behind the slowing effect during aiming motions and decreased accuracy of tracking motions in simulated weightlessness. Findings provide evidence that distorted proprioception due to altered muscle spindle activity seemingly is the main trigger of impaired sensorimotor performance in simulated weightlessness.
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Goedkoop, Willem, Maidul I. Choudhury, Danny C. P. Lau, and Ulf Grandin. "Inverting nutrient fluxes across the land-water interface – Exploring the potential of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) farming." Journal of Environmental Management 281 (March 2021): 111889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111889.

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