Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Land Use Management Information System'
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Hawthorne, Timothy L. "Participatory GIS for growth management in the Cheat Lake Planning District of Monongalia County, West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4162.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 58 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-58).
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Washam, Ryan M. "Archaeology in Distress: Federal Land Management and Archaeological Vulnerability." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406820452.
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Huang, Shaoli. "Geographic Information Systems (GSI) for natural resources planning and management at local government level /." This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020029/.
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Bashee, Firas. "Effecting supply chain performance through cost management : the role of ambidextrous governance, information system integration and absorptive capacity." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/32606/.
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This thesis is based on an empirical study of company practice and considers cost management as an imperative to comprehend the dynamics and complexities of supply chains using a multi-theoretical framework. This framework combines theories of what enables firms in a supply chain to safeguard their exchanged cost management resources from a transaction cost economics perspective and sustainably develop these resources using the resource-based view of management. This present study examines the effect of information system integration and knowledge absorption on cost management efforts between supply chain firms. Coupled with this, the study also deals with the effect of both formal and informal transaction governance mechanisms on cost management resources and how such resources, in turn, impact on management and improving performance in supply chains taking into accounts the potential supplier-buyer differentiating factors in the upstream and downstream segments of the supply chain. Informed by a thorough review of developments in the cost management and supply chain literature, a multi-theoretical model is developed and primary data are collected by means of a questionnaire survey from automotive firms in the UK. Usable replies received from 63 senior supply chain managers are analysed using latest developments in partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and relevant software (SmartPLS). The findings of the current study can be summarised as follows. Information system integration plays a significant role in facilitating cost management resource exchange between supply chain firms. Associated with this is the vital role that absorptive capacity is found to have in developing such resources within trilateral relationships including suppliers, manufacturers and customers in a supply chain. Moreover, the study reveals that contractual governance and partner commitment are pivotal in collaborative cost management efforts in the upstream with suppliers. In contrast, trust and commitment are the most important mechanisms in managing costs jointly with customers. Interestingly, cost management is found to directly impact on the management of the whole supply chain irrespective of which governance mechanism underlies relationships with suppliers or customers, thus indicating how crucial inter-organisational cost management has become the modern manufacturing company. The present study contributes to the supply chain field by showing which governance mechanisms can be utilised in sustainably protecting and managing cost management resources in supply chains. In addition, the study successfully demonstrates how competitive resources (e.g. information and knowledge) can facilitate and develop cost management resources in trilateral relationships involving suppliers in the upstream part of supply chains, manufacturers in the midstream part and customers in the downstream.
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Kaul, Usha. "Land management by electric utilities : organizational and technical constraints to development and use of geographic information systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67402.
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Al-Awadhi, Talal. "The management of temporality and multi-resolution of polygonal objects : a time-stamped database for land use as a case study." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251936.
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Swindasz, Jaime Alison. "Land-use & Water Quality in the Headwaters of the Alafia River Watershed." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6035.
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The objective of this study is to investigate land-use changes and water quality trends within the headwaters of the Alafia River watershed. Water quality data were obtained from the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County (EPCHC). Eleven water quality parameters selected for analysis included: temperature (˚C), dissolved oxygen (DO), percent saturation of DO, conductivity, pH, total phosphorous (TP), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium, chlorophyll-a (uncorrected), fecal coliforms, and enterococci. ArcMap® & SWFWMD data were used to map EPCHC sampling stations, calculate contributing watershed size, and determine land-use changes over the course of the sampling period; 17 stations were chosen for this study. The annual average for each of the water quality parameters was calculated along with a Mann-Kendall Trend Analysis in order to determine if any of the observed trends were statistically significant. A non-parametric Kendall’s tau-b correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression tests were conducted in SPSS to determine if any statistically significant relationships between water quality data, land-use and basin size exist.
The land-use results showed every basin consisted of some percentage of Low Density Residential, Cropland & Pastureland, Reservoirs, and Streams & Lake Swamps. In addition, no basin comprised of more than 20% wetlands and often it appears urbanization was at the sacrifice of agricultural lands, as opposed to wetlands. The trends in water quality showed eight of the 17 basins had at least one statistically significant trend. Analysis of the data used for this study has shown instances where water quality measurements were in violation of state standards. Changes in water quality can be statistically related to changes in land-use and basin size as both the correlation and the regression showed consistent relationships between several LULC types and water quality parameters: increases in Commercial & Services causes increased nutrients (TP and TN); Cropland & Pastureland causes decreased DO and DO% Saturation; increases in Tree Crops causes a decrease in pH; increasing Other Open Lands Rural causes a decrease in temperature; and increases in Shrub & Brushland cause decreases in conductivity and pH. As these relationships are based on the results from both analyses, it would seem that these relationships are the most reliable, and are key results of the study. These key relationships might be areas that future water resource managers may want to focus on in order to more efficiently improve or regulate water quality within headwater streams.
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Colaninno, Nicola. "Semi-automatic land cover classification and urban modelling based on morphological features : remote sensing, geographical information systems, and urban morphology : defining models of land occupation along the Mediterranean side of Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396219.
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From a global point of view, as argued by Levy (1999), the modern city has undergone radical changes in its physical form, either in terms of territorial expansion as well as in terms of interna! physical transformations. Today, approximately 75% of the European population lives in urban areas ,which makes the urban fulure of the conlinent a major cause of concern (Brazil, Cavalcanti, & Longo, 2014). lndeed, the demand for urban land, both within and around the cities, is becoming increasingly acule (European Environmenl Agency, 2006).
Ouring the last decades, also Spain has been undergoing an important process of urban growth, which has implied the consumption of a large amounl of land, al hough the overall population growth rale, mostly along certain specific geographic areas, has remained at least unchanged or even, in sorne cases, il has also decreased. Such a phenomenon has been quite remarkable along the Mediterranean side.
As argued by Gaja (2008), the urban development in Spain has been strongly linked to the model of economic development , which relies, since its launch in the 50's, onlhree main factors , i.e.:emigration, building, and mass tourism. Nowadays , in Spain, and mostly along the Medilerranean side, several urban areas are facing important phenomena of urban sprawl, also feared by he European Union.
An accurate information about the pattern of land use/land cover, over time, is a fundamental requirement for a better understanding of the urban models. Currently, even though plenty of approaches to the image classification, through Remote Sensing (RS) techniques, have been advanced, Land Cover/Land Use classification is still an exciting challenge (Weng, 2010).
Actually, the increasing development of RS and GIS technologies, during the last decades, has provided further capabiliies for measuring, analysing, understanding, modelling the "physical expressions" of urban growth phenomena, either in terms of pattern and process (Bhatta, 2012), and based on land use/land cover mapping and change delection over time.
Based on such a technological approach, here we first aim to set up a suitable methodology for detecting generalized land cover classes based on an assisted automatic (or semi-aulomatic) pixel-based approach, calibrated upon Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) mullispectral imagery, at 30 meters of spatial resolution. Beside, through the use of Geographical lnformation Syslem (GIS) we provide a spatial analysis and modelling of different urban models, from a morphological standpoint, in order to define the main pattern of land occupation al municipal scale, and along the Mediterranean side of Spain, al the year 2011.
We focus on two main issues. On one hand, RS techniques have been used to set up a proper semi-automatic classification methodology, based on the use of Landsat imagery, capable of handling huge geographical areas quickly and efficiently. This process is basically aimed to detect the urban areas, at the year 2011, along the Mediterranean side of Spain, depending on the administrative division of Autonomous Communities. On the other hand, the spatial patterns of urban settlements have been analysed by using a GIS platform for quantifying a set of spatial metrics about the urban form. Hence, once get the quantification of different morphological features, including the analysis aboul either the urban profile, the urban texture, and the street network pattern, an automatic classification of different urban morphological models has been proposed, based on a stalistical approaches, namely factor and cluster analysisDesde un punto de vista global,como sostiene Levy (1999), la ciudad moderna ha experimentado cambios radicales en su forma física, ya sea en términos de expansión territorial, así como en términos de transformaci ones internas. Hoy en día, aproximadamente el 75% de la población europea vive en zonas urbanas, lo que hace del futuro urbano delcontinente, una causa importante de preocupación (Brasil, Cavalcanti, y Longo, 2014). De hecho, la demanda de suelo urbano, dentro y alrededor de las ciudades , es cada vez más aguda (Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente,2006). Durante las últimas décadas, también España ha experimentado un importante proceso de crecimiento urbano que ha implicado el consumo de una gran cantidad de tierra, aunque la tasa de crecimiento de la población en general, sobre todo a lo largo de ciertas áreas geográficas específicas , se ha mantenido al menos sin cambios o incluso, en algunos casos, también ha disminuido. Este fenómeno ha sido muy evidente a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea. Como sostiene Gaja (2008), el desarrollo urbano en España se ha visto fuertemente vinculado con el modelo de desarrollo económico, que se basa, desde su lanzamiento en la década de los 50,en tres factores principales, a saber: la emigración, la construcción y el turismo de masas. Hoy en día, en España, y sobre todo a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea, varias zonas urbanas se enfrentan a fenómenos importantes de expansión urbana, también temidos por la Unión Europea. Al respecto,un requisito fundamental para mejorar la comprensión y el estudio de los modelos urbanos es obtener en eltiempo una información precisa sobre los patrones de cubiertas y uso de suelo. Actualmente, a pesar de la existencia de numerosos métodos para la clasificación de imágenes digitales a través de técnicas de teledetección, para ext raer información sobre cobertura/uso de suelo, este enfoque sigue siendo un reto apasionante (Weng, 2010). El creciente desarrollo de las tecnologías de RS y GIS, durante las últimas décadas, ha proporcionado nuevas capacidades para medir, analizar, comprender, y modelar las "expresiones físicas" de los fenómenos de crecimiento urbano, en términos de patrones y procesos (Bhatta, 2012), y con base en el mapeo y análisis de cambios de cobertura/uso de suelo a través el tiempo. Basándose en un enfoque tecnológico, el primero objetivo es establecer una metodología adecuada para la detección de clases de cobertura de la tierra generalizadas que encuentra su fundamento en una asistido automático (o semiautomático), enfoque basado en píxeles, calibradas en Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imágenes multiespectrales, a 30 metros de resolución espacial. Al lado, a través del uso del Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG), es posible proveer un análisis espacial y la modelización de diferentes modelos urbanos, desde un punto de vista morfológico, con el fin de definir el patrón principal de la ocupación del suelo a escala municipal a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea de España, en el año 2011. En particular no enfocamos en dos cuestiones principales. Por un lado, las técnicas de RS se han utilizado para establecer una metodología de clasificación semi-automático adecuada, basada en el uso de imágenes Landsat, capaz de manejar grandes zonas geográficas de forma rápida y eficiente. Este proceso, básicamente, va dirigido a detectar las áreas urbanas, en el año 2011, a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea de España, según la división administrativa de las Comunidades Autónomas. Por otro lado, los patrones espaciales de asentamientos urbanos han sido analizados mediante el uso de una plataforma GIS para cuantificar un conjunto de métricas espaciales sobre la forma urbana. Finalmente, una vez obtenida la cuantificación de diferentes características morfológicas, se ha proporcionado una clasificación automática de los diferentes modelos morfológicos urbanos, basada en un enfoque estadístico, es decir, análisis factorial y clúster.
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Costa, Rodrigo José Amorim da. "ROOT : um modelo de sistema de informação para a gestão agroflorestal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10355.
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Mestrado em Gestão de Sistemas de InformaçãoO estudo realizado visou propor um modelo de sistema de informação inovador face à realidade agroflorestal portuguesa, que permita com pragmatismo potenciar a gestão de terrenos e de recursos naturais da paisagem rural. O contexto português agroflorestal é constituído predominantemente pelo minifúndio e pelo absentismo dos proprietários, o movimento da população para o litoral resultou no abandono dos meios rurais e na terciarização do país. O consequente desinteresse das práticas de exploração agroflorestal converge na perda de competitividade no setor agroflorestal. Face a este cenário o presente projeto definiu um modelo de sistema de informação que pretende inovar a cadeia de valor agroflorestal, tentando responder às necessidades de gestão e exploração dos recursos agroflorestais no contexto português e nos seus principais stakeholders. Para tal, foram identificados e compilados requisitos para um sistema de informação de gestão, planeamento e exploração agroflorestal. Num esforço que pretendeu demonstrar que a utilização da tecnologia pode mudar o paradigma atual neste setor e entregar um conjunto de benefícios sociais, económicos, ambientais e paisagísticos. Foi então produzida uma proposta de implementação.
The study aimed to propose a model of information system that is innovative facing the Portuguese agroforestry reality, allowing to pragmatically enhance the management of land and natural resources of the countryside. The Portuguese agroforestry context consists predominantly of small properties and by the absence of the owner. The population's movement to the coast causes the abandonment of rural areas and the country?s tertiarization. The consequent disaffection of agroforestry exploitative practices converges in the loss of competitiveness in the agroforestry sector. Against this backdrop, this project has defined a model of information system that aims to innovate the agroforestry value chain, trying to answer the need for management and exploitation of agroforestry in the Portuguese context and its key stakeholders. To do so, requirements for an information system were identified and compiled, planning and agroforestry farm. In order to demonstrate that the use of technology can change the current paradigm in this sector and deliver a range of social, economic, environmental and landscape benefits. Then, an implementation proposal was produced.
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Palmer, Bronwyn Jane. "A GIS assessment of development and land use change in the coastal zone of the Ndlambe and Ngqushwa local municipalities, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005511.
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The coastal zone accommodates some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world and offers a wide range of ecosystem goods and services; consequently it has become a focal point of human development. People are attracted to the coast because of access to resources, favourable climate, aesthetic appeal and potential for recreational activities. As pressure for utilisation and development increases, so does the need to manage the coastal system more effectively. This research focuses on the coastal zone of the Ndlambe and Ngqushwa local municipalities in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, which are physically and environmentally similar, yet have distinct demographic and socio-economic differences. The research integrates information using GIS, from three time epochs, to determine where development and land use change is occurring. The Ndlambe Local Municipality displays high levels of formal development, while the Ngqushwa Local Municipality exhibits little formal development. These differences in development and land use are related to economic, social and legislative ‘drivers’ based on an adapted Driver-Pressure-State- Impact-Response model. The model identifies that development and land use changes lead to increased pressure on the natural system, which in turn leads to shifts in the natural state of the coastal zone, resulting in adverse impacts on the coastal zone. Changes in the natural functioning of the coastal zone highlight the need for a response in terms of changes in legislation governing coastal management and spatial planning. This research concludes that pressure for development in the coastal zone within the research site is beginning to increase and will adversely affect the coastal zone if not managed effectively. These two local municipalities have the opportunity to move forward and develop in such a way that allows for conservation and sound management of the coastal zone, which will ensure long-term sustainability within the coastal zones of the Ndlambe and Ngqushwa local municipalities
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Donald, Ann Jean. "Landscape function analysis and ecological management of an agricultural landscape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2842.
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Thesis (MSc (Geography and Environmental Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.In the past, development was allowed in agricultural areas which would not be acceptable under current planning policy. There is a growing need to develop and maintain highly productive and ecologically stable agricultural systems. One approach to encourage better land management and utilisation is the international certification of a farm’s production practices.
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O'Donnell, Greg Martin. "Information tracking for flood impact of land use and management change." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533688.
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Knowledge of how local changes in runoff generation propagate through the stream network to create impacts downstream at the larger catchment scale is lacking. This issue needs to be urgently addressed, particularly as many organisations involved in flood risk management favour interventions that manage runoff at source. To enable research into propagation of catchment flood runoff and its impacts, a new modelling approach has been developed. The catchment is discretised into the component hillslopes/fields, which are connected to a dense dendritic stream network. Runoff generated from the landscape units is represented as packets of water, which are tracked through the stream network using a numerical solution of the non-inertial form of the Saint Venant equations. The packets carry information, including the volume, location and time of runoff generation. To recover the information, the packets travelling past particular downstream points in the network are interrogated. The recovered information can be used in many ways. For example, it is possible to create spatial maps, showing the source locations and intensities of runoff contributing to the catchment hydrograph peak, or to break down the hydrograph into contributing hydrographs, one per sub-catchment or per area undergoing change. The importance of this novel approach is that it explicitly links the local scale, at which landscape adaptation measures are implemented, and the catchment scale, where impact occurs. An application of this type is demonstrated for the Eden Catchment, UK, providing novel and informative visual representations of spatial runoff generation and propagation.
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Chung, Soon. "Temporal analysis of land use and transportation investments with geographic information system." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2359.
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Gasson, Susan. "Co-operative information system design : how multi-domain information system design takes place in UK organisations." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4240/.
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The thesis focussed on the need to understand the nature of design processes in innovative, multi-domain, organisational information systems design. A cross-disciplinary, interpretive investigation of organisational IS design was based upon multiple literatures: information system development and methodologies, human-computer interaction, situated action, social psychology, psychology of programming, computer-supported co-operative work, computer science, design 'rationale' and organisational behaviour. Three studies were performed: 1. A case study of a user-centred design project, employing grounded theory analysis. 2. A postal survey of IS development approaches in large UK companies. 3. A longitudinal field study, involving participant observation over a period of 18 months in a cross-domain design team, employing ethnography, discourse analysis and hermeneutics. The main contributions of this research were to provide rich insights into the interior nature of IS design activity, situated in the context of the organisation (a perspective which is largely missing from the literature); to provide conceptual models to explain the management of meaning in design, and design framing activity; to produce a social action model of organisational information system development which may form the basis for communicating the situated nature of design in teaching; and to suggest elements of a process model of design activity in multi-domain, organisational information system development. The implications of the research findings for IS managers and developers are also considered a significant contribution to practice. Detailed findings from these studies relate to: I. Disparities between the technology-centred view of organisational IS development found in the literature and the business and organisation-based approaches reported in the survey. 2. The role of pre-existing 'investment in form' in shaping the meaning of design processes and outcomes for other team members and its implications for the management of expertise and for achieving double-loop leaming. 3. The detailed processes by which design is framed at individual and group levels of analysis. These findings indicated a mismatch between "top down" models of organisational IS design and observed design "abstraction" processes, which were grounded in concrete analogies and local exemplars; this finding has significant implications for organisational design approaches, such as Business Process Redesign. 4. The distributed nature of group design, which has implications for achieving a 'common vision' of the design and for the division of labour in design groups. Intersubjectivity with respect to process objectives may be more critical to design success than intersubjectivity with respect to the products of design. - 5. The political nature of design activity: it was concluded that an effective design process must manage conflict between the exploration of organisational possibilities and influential, external stakeholders' expectations of efficiency benefits. 6. Design suffers from legitimacy problems related to the investigation of a "grey area" between explicit system design goals and boundary and emergent definitions of design goals and target system boundaries; this issue needs to be managed both internally to the design-team and externally, in respect of stakeholders and influential decision-makers. It is argued that the situated nature of design requires the teaching of design skills to be achieved through simulated design contexts, rather than the communication of abstract models. It is also suggested that the findings of this thesis have implications for knowledge management and organisational innovation. If organisational problem-investigation processes are seen as involving distributed knowledge, then the focus of organisational learning and innovation shifts from sharing organisational knowledge to accessing distributed organisational knowledge which is emergent and incomplete.
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Jackson, Etta Delores. "The Role of Geospatial Information and Effective Partnerships in the Implementation of the International Agenda for Sustainable Development." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1594291234482502.
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Van, Niekerk Adriaan. "CLUES : a web-based land use expert system for the Western Cape." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1360.
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Mak, Shuk-han Ann. "Automating knowledge acquisition and site-selection in a generic knowledge-based GIS system : a theoretical study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21241120.
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Dzandza, Patience Emefa. "Use and management of information systems in academic libraries in Ghana." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6948.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe use of Information Systems (ISs) has been widely accepted and proven to increase the service quality in many organizations. Academic libraries have embraced the use of ISs and have implemented them to perform different activities. The efficient utilization and management of ISs in libraries will help libraries to derive maximum benefit from adopted ISs. The research used the DeLone and McLean (2003) IS success theory to determine the impact of IS management on the quality of the IS, the use of the IS and the benefits gained. The researcher used nine (30%) of the thirty university libraries which are members of the consortium of academic and research libraries in Ghana (CARLIGH) - an association of libraries that help with the IS and electronic resource use of member libraries. A mixed method approach with questionnaires, interviews combined with content analysis of the university websites was used to gather data. Findings indicated that academic libraries in Ghana are making use of some ISs including; ILS, DAM, social media, websites, among others, amidst a number of challenges. The research also revealed that the management of ISs affects the quality thereof. Quality of ISs affects use, and use affects the benefits gained from use. The researcher proposed an IS management standard guideline which Ghanaian academic libraries could adopt for using and managing ISs to enhance efficiency and better service delivery.
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Valdez-Zamudio, Diego 1953. "Land cover and land use change detection in northwestern Sonora, Mexico using geographic information system and remote sensing techniques." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278469.
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Remote sensing and geographic information system techniques have proved to be effective tools to detect, analyze, and evaluate land cover and land use changes over time. In this research project, changes in land cover and land use were detected in northwestern Sonora, Mexico between 1972 and 1992 using Landsat MSS imagery. About 40% of the entire land cover in the study area changed during that period of time. Of the six classes assigned to the imagery, cropland had the highest rate of change being modified into riparian areas by more than 60%, more than 20% into plains vegetation, and about 8% into bajadas with vegetation. From the two classification methods utilized in this study, the seeding pixels method yielded an over all accuracy over 96%, while the seeking polygons method generated overall accuracy values smaller than 82% probably to user's error.
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Ahmed, Heba Saleh. "The use of System Dynamics simulation models in project management education." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2016. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/8551/.
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This thesis explores the impact of using System Dynamics (SD) as a simulation tool to help learners understand complex, dynamic concepts in project management education, and specifically with the learning of the theory associated with Earned Value Management (EVM). SD simulation models have been used widely but mainly in business contexts to support managers in the decision making process. However the application of SD in the field of project management education has been limited and particularly in terms of assessing its potential impact to help improve learners’ skills and understanding about project management concepts. ‘Projects’ are considered to be complex information feedback systems, characterized by causality and underlying dynamic relations between multiple variables, and the ability of junior project managers to apply and experience higher practical skills in the management of these complex systems presents a real challenge in the higher education context. The ability of SD to simulate the behaviour of a system, to reveal the underlying relationships, and to help visualize its dynamic changes over time, makes SD a potential modelling tool to help supporting the learners in the project management education area. This study sets out to evaluate the use of SD in an instructional context to help postgraduate project management students to visualize and to more understand the complex dynamic relationships in the concept of EVM, a topic that features significantly in project management education. In this study, SD was deployed to teach EVM through a series of computer based models to visualize changes of multiple interacting variables over time. The SD simulations were evaluated and improved in a series of pilot and formal studies. In an experimentally controlled study involving 46 students, EVM content was delivered with SD simulations and using traditional methods respectively. Results, both quantitative and qualitative, demonstrated a positive impact of SD on the learning of the EVM concept. Recommendations of further work to deploy SD in the delivery of complex project management content and other challenging topics, with wider pool of learners are discussed.
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Shah, Jignesh I. "Modeling land suitability for the Tom's Creek Basin, Blacksburg using Geographic Information System." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020304/.
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Park, Jong-Sook. "Whole system modelling of the impact of land use management in the Parrett catchment." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434783.
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Gutierrez, Alcantara Flor Monica. "Building a performance measurement internal auditing framework for the ISO 9001 quality management system." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13353/.
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During the last two decades, ISO 9000 standards have become one of the most important management approaches in the world. Currently, the standards are used by more than one million companies in more than 170 countries. ISO 9001 audits are the most widely used performance measurement (PM) method to assess ISO 9001 quality management systems (QMS). However, in recent years the effectiveness of ISO 9001 quality auditing has been questioned for: (1) only focusing on compliance; (2) failing to detect problems in products and processes; (3) failing to predict QMS failures; and (4) failing to provide added value to organisations. To overcome these problems, two main conversations have taken place in the literature. The first advocates changing the current compliance focus of auditing for a performance oriented one, to promote improvements in business processes and the QMS. The second theme seeks to develop different methods, guidelines, tools and techniques to improve auditing practice. In order to generate a change of focus from compliance towards improvement, some recent research has also advocated incorporating concepts and techniques from the PM field into the ISO 9000 world. However, there have been no substantial previous attempts to provide internal quality auditing with a performance focus, which was the aim of this research. Hence, this thesis intends to establish how ISO 9001:2008 certified organisations can better measure their QMS performance using internal audits. In order to provide answers to this question, an empirical study using mixed methods research was conducted. Firstly, the current state of the art of the ISO 9001:2008 internal auditing process was determined using a mixed methods study, including two surveys of 272 ISO 9001 experts and 25 interviews. This allowed the identification of the current problems that ISO 9001 certified organisations face when conducting audits, as well as the impacts on the performance of the QMS due to deficient internal auditing. Secondly, using the statistical technique of path analysis, a model identifying the relationships between internal audit problems and their impacts on QMS performance was developed. The model indicated that an intricate network of individual and organisational deficits link auditing and QMS performance. Finally, ‘Audit+’ a detailed and comprehensive procedure for conducting ISO 9001:2008 internal audits with a focus on the performance of the QMS was developed. The procedure was thoroughly tested and validated by a further mixed methods study, including three in-depth case studies and a survey of 174 ISO 9001 auditors. Although some minor changes were recommended, the results of the Audit+ validation were encouraging, showing that PM approaches can be successfully incorporated into the ISO 9001 world, to help organisations to better measure their QMS performance.
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Hunt, John W. "Monitoring and resource management : streams, land cover, and the use of water quality information in public policy /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Steer, Lorn Adam. "Site selection for the Small-Scale Aquaculture Farming Systems in the Western Cape : a GIS application." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1653.
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Pfaff, Rhonda. "Geographic Information System Methodologies to Evaluate Relationships Between Land use and Groundwater Quality in South Central Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 2003. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/560.
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The development of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has provided techniques for a holistic approach to the study of karst groundwater contamination. While karst groundwaters supply water to a large percentage of the earth's population, its complex environments often have lacked the scientific examination and conservation measures typical of non-karst regions. In this study, GIS methodologies were explored to examine the relationships between land-use and water quality in karst watersheds. Eight watersheds throughout southern and western Kentucky were examined. The study areas included the Mammoth Cave Karst Aquifer, which is the watershed that drains the Mammoth Cave System, and seven watersheds that serve as sources of drinking water. Most of these watersheds exhibit karst geology and, therefore, are highly sensitive to groundwater contamination. Using GIS and remote sensing interpretation, land-uses within these watersheds were classified manually and coded according to the USGS Anderson system (Anderson et al., 1976). The majority of land-uses classified within these basins were agricultural. With the results of land-use analysis, statistical methods were employed in the development of a multivariate, predictive regression model to relate land-uses and contaminants thafhave agricultural land-uses as common sources (fecal coliform, nitrate, phosphorus, alachlor, atrazine, and simazine). Although the regression models resulted in relatively low r2 values (ranging from 0.076 to 0.169), future revisions of the models may increase these values. Potential revisions to the statistical models could include examining other statistical methods and exploring additional independent variables. Using the capabilities of GIS, including buffer analyses, database queries, and digital elevation analyses, areas of potential water quality degradation were located within the study watersheds. Land areas identified through GIS analyses can indicate target areas for implementation of Best Management Practices, information campaigns, incentive programs, and outreach by resource managers, scientists, or agricultural extension offices. High-risk land-uses, including feedlots and row crops, were found to be located in or near locations that may be key to karst groundwater quality (sinkholes, swallets, streams that sink into the subsurface). Such GIS analysis can provide tools to protect ecosystems and be a step toward providing a clean and sustainable drinking water source for Kentucky residents.
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Totolo, Otlogetswe. "The use of a geographic information system GIS(SPANS) to facilitate detailed evaluation of soil and land." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309532.
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Walker, Scott William. "Modelling land use change and nonpoint source pollution potential using remote sensing and geographic information system technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798323/.
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In this study Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was integrated with remote sensing techniques in order to determine the potential for nonpoint source pollution in the Lake Palestine and Cedar Creek Reservoir watersheds of North Central Texas. The Universal Soil Loss Equation was used to determine soil erosion potential from the watersheds, and export coefficients were used to estimate nutrient loadings into the reservoirs.
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麥淑嫻 and Shuk-han Ann Mak. "Automating knowledge acquisition and site-selection in a generic knowledge-based GIS system: a theoreticalstudy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240720.
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Van, Zyl Pierre. "A description of information system technologies and implementations of project information management systems for use in the South African Government." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49714.
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Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on information systems for project management in the South African Government with special attention to the Consolidated Municipal Infrastructure Programme. Project data exchange standards and the suitability of these standards for project information management in the South African Government is reviewed. Information system technologies applicable to project management, with reference to computer programming languages, markup languages, communication technologies, Internet technologies, database technologies and document manipulation tools are discussed. Project information management forms are then discussed, followed by an overview of the flow of project information during the lifecycle of a project. The standards development organisation, ActionIt, and the project information management models developed by it are highlighted. A description of applications and a system that was implemented to illustrate the work covered in this thesis is provided with examples of the applications and the system. Hierna tesis fokus op inligting sisteme vir projekbestuur in die Suid Afrikaanse Regering met spesifieke verwysing na die Gekonsolideerde Munisipale Infrastruktuur Program. Standaarde vir die uitruil van projek inligting sowel as die toepaslikheid van hierdie standaarde vir die bestuur van projek inligting in die Suid Afrikaanse Regering word bespreek. Informasie sisteem tegnologiee wat van toepassing is op die bestuur van projek inligting word behandel en sluit in: rekenaar programerings tale, 'markup' tale, kommunikasie tegnologiee, Internet tegnologiee, databasis tegnologiee en gereedskap om dokumente te manipuleer. Verskillende projek vorms word behandel gevolg deur 'n beskrywing van die vloei van data gedurende 'n projek se leeftyd. "n Beskrywing van ActionIT, 'n organisasie vir die neerle van standaarde vir gebruik in die Suid Afrikaanse regering, sowel as die modelle wat deur ActionIT ontwikkel is vir die bestuur van projek inligting word gegee. Die toepassings en sisteem wat geimplimenteer is om die werk wat in hierdie tesis behandel is te demonstreer word gegee met voorbeelde van die toepassings en sisteem.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming
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Psychogios, Alexandros G. "Towards the adoption of new management methods in a modernising national business system? : a study of the responses of middle managers to Total Quality Management in Greek service industry." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1260/.
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Total Quality Management (TQM) emerged as a promising management practice mainly in the US and the UK. Its principles challenge the managerial traditions of other countries. A prime example is Greece. In view of the widespread argument that Middle Managers (MMs) are key elements in making TQM work, this study explores the relationship between these people and TQM in the Greek National Business System (NBS). It focuses on how TQM is perceived by them and it investigates whether MMs' perceived awareness of TQM affects their responses to a set of individual and organisational aspects. This study adopts the contingency approach to TQM. This approach argues that TQM does not have determinate effects and that its consequences are shaped by the context in which it operates. This thesis expands knowledge by developing a theoretical framework that addresses the relationship between TQM and Middle Management in this specific national context. It offers strong evidence on four specific contingencies, in the light of which managers' responses to TQM should be explored. These factors are the business/management culture, the modernisation agenda, the sector of employment and the educational background of managers. Moreover, this study contributes to the development of the research methodology in the area, by combining quantitative (survey questionnaire) and qualitative (follow-up interviews) methods. 241 questionnaires were collected and 18 follow-up interviews were conducted in 43 different public (19) and private (24) service organisations. Finally this thesis offers statistically reliable measurement of the 'soft' and 'hard' sides of TQM. In this respect, six major arguments about the relationship between TQM and MMs are supported. First, it is recognised by the MMs that the business system needs modernisation and QM is a part of it. Second, although the acronym TQM and some of its concepts and practices are known by a range of public and private sector managers, actual awareness of its 'soft' side is often superficial, and people have a relatively poor understanding of it. Third, MMs tend to see TQM from the technical point of view, being aware only of the importance of its 'hard' aspects. Fourth, whilst MMs perceive TQM as enhancing individual aspects like autonomy, loyalty and career prospects, at the same time they acknowledge the increased work effort and stress due to the perceived awareness of TQM. Fifth, they hold sceptical positions about the adoption and actual application TQM related organisational issues like empowerment and top management commitment and support. The sixth, overall, conclusion is that TQM was neither resisted nor directly absorbed. The principles of quality improvement have been widely accepted, but convincing Greek managers to apply 'soft' TQM aspects remains a major challenge
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Yeung, Kwok-wai Albert, and 楊國偉. "A photogrammetric land information system for urban analysis: a study of the development of Kowloon from1964 to 1979." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231445.
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Moore, Matthew L. "An Exploration of the Use of Global Healthcare Supply Data Standards in a Materials Management Information System." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337367509.
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Souza, Maria Naires Alves de. "Use of communication and information technology in higher education: integrated system of academic management UFC." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11315.
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Nos tempos atuais vivencia-se uma revoluÃÃo da tecnologia, da comunicaÃÃo e da informaÃÃo. Essa revoluÃÃo tem afetado, alÃm de outras esferas da vida social, a educaÃÃo, as instituiÃÃes de ensino superior, a prÃtica docente, a formaÃÃo do professor e consequentemente sua prÃtica pedagÃgica em sala de aula, bem como seu relacionamento com os discentes. O interesse por esta pesquisa surgiu em decorrÃncia de serem os docentes os profissionais que tÃm maior aproximaÃÃo com os discentes, cabendo a eles, dentre outras funÃÃes, transitarem pelo universo da informaÃÃo, transmitirem informaÃÃo, possibilitarem o conhecimento e viabilizarem o fluxo de informaÃÃo e comunicaÃÃo com seus discentes. Com este estudo objetiva-se investigar o uso do Sistema Integrado de GestÃo de Atividades AcadÃmicas- SIGAA pelos docentes de graduaÃÃo da UFC, mediante uma anÃlise desse uso entre as diversas unidades/subunidades acadÃmicas da universidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratÃria descritiva na qual os dados principais foram coletados no banco de dados da instituiÃÃo, seguidos por entrevistas abertas com os docentes que mais usam o sistema SIGAA. Conforme verificado, o SIGAA detÃm precÃrio uso pelos docentes de graduaÃÃo da UFC, e as postagens por parte dos docentes no mencionado sistema, nos Ãltimos trÃs semestres letivos, tÃm apresentado uma estabilidade de uso. Deste modo, alguma iniciativa deverà ser implementada pela administraÃÃo superior da universidade para uma efetiva ampliaÃÃo da sua utilizaÃÃo.Nowadays we are living a revolution in technology, communication and information. This revolution has affected not only the social life, but also education, the institutes of higher education, the way of teaching, teacher education and consequently his/her own way of teaching in the classroom, and also his/her relationship with the students. The interest in this research arouse from the point that professors are the professionals that have more involvement with the students. Those are responsible for the universe of information, share information, make the knowledge possible and enable the flux of information and communication with his/her students. With this study, we aim to investigate the use of Sistema Integrado de GestÃo de Atividades AcadÃmica- SIGAA by professor of undergraduation courses at UFC (Universidade Federal do CearÃ), establishing an analysis of its use among the many units/subunits of the university. This is a descriptive explanatory research in which the main data were collected in the internal documents of this institution, followed by open interviews made with some professors that frequently use the SIGAA system. As it could be verified, the professors from the undergraduation courses of this institution has little knowledge of how to manage SIGAA, although the number of posts made by these professors on the last three semesters have been stable. So, an initiative must be implemented by the administration personnel from UFC in order to maximize the use of SIGAA among the undergradation professors.
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Matiukha, Mykola. "Characteristics and system of management reporting in the context of the use of information technology." Thesis, ТОВ "Август Трейд", 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17744.
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In modern conditions of economic development, without a high-quality information model of accounting and reporting, it is impossible to make effective management decisions at enterprises of various organizational and legal forms. Understanding the elements of the information model of accounting and reporting when using the latest information technologies will allow them to design, build and use them correctly. This, in turn, will significantly increase the level of efficiency of management decisions and contribute to the achievement of the maximum economic effect. Also, a rather relevant issue during the globalization of the use of financial reporting is the use of double accounting standards by domestic enterprises, which encourages the study and research of certain aspects of specific accounting and reporting models.
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Graham, Michael William. "Evaluating the interactions of crop management, carbon cycling, and climate using Earth system modeling and remote sensing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102386.
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Crop management practices, such as soil tillage and crop residue management, are land management activities with potentially large impacts on carbon (C) cycling and climate at the global scale. Improvements in crop management practices, such as conservation tillage or 'no-till' (NT), have been proposed as climate change mitigation measures because such practices may alter C cycles through increased sequestration of soil C in agricultural soils. Despite their potential importance, regional to global scale data are lacking for many crop management practices, and few studies have evaluated the potential impact of the full range of crop management practices on C cycling and climate at the global scale. However, monitoring of crop management practices is crucial for assessing spatial variations in management intensity and informing policy decisions. Inclusion of crop management practices in Earth system models used for assessing global climate is a key requirement for evaluating the overall effects of different crop management practices on C cycling and their potential to mitigate climate change. Studies in this dissertation seek to address these issues by: (1) evaluating the efficacy of remote sensing methods for monitoring differences in soil tillage and crop residue management practices in Iowa; (2) incorporating soil tillage practices into an Earth system model and assessing the potential for soil C sequestration and climate change mitigation through adoption of NT practices; (3) assessing the historical impact of including the full range of crop management practices (residue harvest, grain harvest, soil tillage, irrigation, and fertilization) on changes in C cycling associated with land use and land cover change (LULCC) to crops in an Earth system model. The remote sensing study found that performance of the minimum Normalized Difference Tillage Index (minNDTI) method for assessing differences in tillage and residue management was below average compared to previous studies, even when using imagery from both Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2A sensors. Accurate assessment of these practices using minNDTI was hindered by issues with image quality and inability to obtain sufficient cloud-free, time series imagery during the critical planting window. Remote sensing research aimed at obtaining regional to global scale data on tillage and residue management practices is likely to continue to face these issues in the future, but further research should incorporate additional sensors and assess the efficacy of the minNDTI method for multiple locations and years. Adoption of NT practices in the Community Land Model, which is the land component of the Community Earth System Model, resulted in a cumulative soil C sequestration of 6.6 – 14.4 Pg C from 2015 – 2100 under a future climate change scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5), and cumulative soil C sequestration was equal to approximately one year of present-day fossil fuel emissions. Adjusting for areas where NT is already practiced had minor impacts on cumulative soil C storage, reducing gains in soil C from NT adoption by 0.4 – 0.9 Pg C globally. These results indicate that soil C sequestration and potential for climate change mitigation through NT may be more limited than has been anticipated elsewhere. Soil C sequestration via NT adoption was highest in temperate regions of developed countries with high initial soil C contents, indicating these areas should be targeted for NT adoption. Simulating the full range of crop management practices in the Community Land Model resulted in an increase in C emissions due to LULCC of 29 – 38 Pg C compared to scenarios with generic crops and model defaults. Individual crop management practices with the largest impact on LULCC emissions were crop residue harvest (18 Pg C), followed by grain harvest (9 Pg C) and soil tillage (5 Pg C). Although implementation of crop residue harvest and soil tillage was extreme in this study, these results imply that Earth system models may underestimate emissions from LULCC by excluding the full range of crop management practices. Studies in this dissertation corroborate the importance of crop management practices for C cycling and climate, but further research on these management practices is needed in terms of data collection, improving process-level understanding, and inclusion of these practices in Earth system models.Doctor of Philosophy
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Ruhela, Vijay 1966. "Effective use of wire-less technology (WT) to enhance productivity in information technology (IT) activity management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29152.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 1999.Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81).
Several wire-less technologies and devices are in use through out the IT industry currently. An analysis of features of such devices and services is done here. Most of them are used for handling unexpected situations (crisis management) and are not well integrated with the IT project or operations management A temporal analysis of Information Technology (11) processes (projects and operations) in a sector of financial industry in the United States reveals that at least some time delays in IT projects can be eliminated or reduced by effective use of latest digital wire-less technologies in an integrated manner. Further, the author proposes framework for deploying digital wire-less communication devices as an integral part of fast paced IT. A survey of several IT project managers and other decision makers also reveals that use of such technologies when planned, communicated and executed well can bring about considerable competitive advantages.
by Vijay Ruhela.
S.M.
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Barr, S. L. "A structural pattern recognition paradigm and system to infer information on urban land use from fine scale earth observation data." Thesis, Swansea University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636044.
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Accurate and objective fine-scale information on urban land use is important for the development of cohesive urban planning policies. Earth observation images represent one source of such information although historically the results of automated urban land use mapping have been poor. It is argued that this due to the widespread use of spectrally-based pattern recognition approaches that assume a direct relationship between detected spectral response and urban land use. Evidence is presented that shows that detected spectral response of urban scenes is only indirectly related to land use. In response a function-from-form approach is developed to infer urban land use in two-stages: (i) the derivation of land cover from a multispectral image data set, and (ii) the inference of land use on the basis of the structure of the land cover. A novel structural pattern recognition system called SAMS (Structural Analytical Modelling System), consisting of XRAG (eXtended Relational Attribute Graph) - a data model that represents the structure of image regions - is developed to achieve this two-stage inference. SAMS is used in several experiments that reveal building proximity and morphology, as opposed to the topological spatial organisation of urban land cover, facilitates the statistical discrimination of different urban land use types. Further analysis reveals, however, that the spectral inference of urban land cover from multispectral images results in very complex apparent scene structure. In response to this, an automated approach is developed to reduce the complexity of scene region-structure. This procedure is, however, unable to achieve a building region-structure that allows unambiguous urban land use discrimination. Nevertheless, the results presented in this thesis demonstrate that it is possible to distinguish urban land use types using structural pattern recognition approaches to analyse urban land cover regions, although the accurate inference of urban land cover remains a significant barrier to its application.
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Bhatia, Manish Hasso. "Use of competitive benchmarking information to improve equipment utilization and throughput in a semiconductor manufacturing system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9743.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 45).
The use of contract manufacturers is becoming more common in the semiconductor industry. These foundries. as they are known in the industry, focus their efforts on achieving operational excellence in order to manufacture semiconductor products more cost effectively than their customers can internally. Intel has started using Foundries for non-microprocessor products in order to help them reserve internal production capacity for their microprocessors. A side benefit of the outsourcing process for Intel, is the opportunity to benchmark their own operational efficiency against that of their supplier. This thesis will discuss the process used for this benchmark study, its results and managerial implications of the findings. A benchmarking problem statement was defined including a rationale for focussing on the lithography area as the highest leverage point in the operation, and a description of the wafer throughput metric that was used for the comparison. The raw results of this study show a 33% deficit for Intel compared with Supplier X in lithography throughput. These data, however, included effects of both different machine type!i and different operational practices. Because Intel has strategic reasons for selecting its equipment vendors, the focus of this study was not to suggest that they switch lithography equipment vendors. Rather, the goal was to understand how much of this deficit could be attributed to Supplier X's superior operational practices. In order to remove the convolving effects of different equipment run rates, a set of experiments was performed to separate machine effects from operational effects allowing for a direct comparison operational efficiencies. These experiments showed that Intel has a 15% deficit in lithography throughput when compared with Supplier X, after normalizing for equipment effects. Reasons for this deficit could include Intel's excessive use of testing procedures, Intel's risk averse operational culture and Intel's possible managerial hubris.
by Manish H. Bhatia.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Forrest, Eleanor. "Development of a practical and measurable health and safety management system." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2002. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1062/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2002.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, 2002. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Long, Li. "Why do people use or not use an information technology: an interpretive investigation on the adoption and use of an electronic medical records system." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1745.
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In the literature of information technology acceptance, much empirical evidence exists that is inconsistent with Technology Acceptance (TA) Models. The purpose of this study is to find out why the extant TA models fail to predict in reality as they purport to in theory. This research argues that the extant literature has not been able to explain how individuals actually form their perceptions about using an information technology. Since past research attempting to do this has been unsuccessful or empirically refuted, this research uses an interpretive case study to investigate the experiences of professionals’ adoption and use of an information technology. In particular, this study focuses on the adoption of an Electronic Medical Records System in a healthcare setting. The results of this interpretive investigation show that the interpretive understanding by the traditional TA models researchers is based on the faulty presumption that the people in the organizations are “monolithic users” or “rational decision makers”. This research provides a new interpretive understanding on the adoption and use of an information technology. The adoption and use of an information technology is an emergent phenomenon resulting from the interaction between the technology and the social actors’ different roles. Based on the interpretive understanding, a new positivist understanding is suggested.
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Scott, Vera Eileen. "A health system perspective on factors influencing the use of health information for decision-making in a district health system." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4907.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis research explores a poorly understood area of health systems: the nature of managerial decision-making in primary healthcare facilities, and the information that informs decision-making at this level. Located in the emerging field of Health Policy and System Research, this research draws on constructivist and participatory perspectives to understand the role of information and, more broadly, learning and knowledge in decisions that primary healthcare managers make, and the systemic factors influencing this. Using a multiple case study design with iterative cycles of in-depth data collection and analysis over a three year period, it examined the decision-making and information use in three cases of managerial responsibility in 17 primary healthcare facilities in a sub-district in Cape Town. The cases were: improving efficiency of service delivery, implementing programme priorities and managing leave of absence. Using multiple strategies for engaging primary healthcare facility managers, often as co-researchers of their own practice, the research sought to elicit both their explicit and tacit, experience-based knowledge on these phenomena. Key insights gained in the research are that firstly, operational health management at facility level is less linear and simple than policy-makers and planners often assume, and is, instead, characterised by considerable on-the-spot problem solving and people management to meet multiple agendas, which can be surprisingly complex. Secondly, contrary to prevailing views, managers do actively use information in decision-making, but require a wide range of information which is outside of the current, and indeed the globally-advocated, health information system (HIS). Thirdly, they not only use, but generate, information in their management routines and practices, and must learn from experience in order to adapt new interventions for successful implementation in their facilities and communities. This research thus makes explicit the value and use of informal information and knowledge in decision-making. It demonstrates, amongst others, a relationship of functional interdependence between the use of formal information in the HIS, and informal information and knowledge, suggesting that the latter has the potential to improve the use and utility of formal health information by making sense of it within the local context. Furthermore, building on the public policy literature on governance, this research develops a model to understand the multiple contextual influences on decision-making and information use, showing the central role of values and relationships across the health system. It proposes a causal mechanism for strengthening the use of information in decision-making. Finally, in giving priority to the informational needs of facility managers, this research offers a bottom-up perspective which argues for an integrated approach to health system strengthening which moves beyond atomised treatment of HIS strengthening. It suggests the need to re-think how to support facility managers by re-positioning the HIS relative to organisational learning, and leadership and management development.
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Hurter, Theunis. "The culture of data use in the management structures of a rural health district in the Western Cape Province." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15545.
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Background: Health information system (HIS) performance has been defined as “data quality and the continuous use of information †. The quality of data, as well as the culture of data use in an organisation has been shown to shape the way data is used. In order to fully understand data use practices with the aim of strengthening the HIS, one needs to first understand whether the context and “culture†in the organisation is conducive to data use. Are the policies, structures, processes and people within the organisation aiding data use? In what ways do managers view and use data? Aim: In this study, we sought to explore the culture of health information use on a district and sub district management level. The aim was to contribute to the wider knowledge on information use by exploring the data use practices and factors that shape its use among these managers. What is the culture of data use in the district management structures? When, why and in what way does data get brought into the management discussion? Do managers feel that the information produced are useful in aiding their decision making, and what do they recommend be changed? What are the key factors that affect data use practices? Methods: This thesis comprises a literature review of published articles, conducted in order to provide context for the study of the culture of data use, whilst defining the problem to be investigated. The full thesis comprises the literature review, the original study protocol, a full manuscript in the format of a publishable article and a set of appendices. The study was granted ethical approval and permission from the provincial department of health. Given the exploratory purpose of the study, we conducted a mini ethnographic case study using qualitative research methods in a rural health district of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The researcher employed ethnographic methods that included participant observation, in depth key informant interviews, document reviews as well as informal conversations to collect data. We used the PRISM framework as a guide for analysing our findings. Findings: Our findings suggest that there is a strong focus in this district on reporting requirements and technical aspects of producing good quality data. The drive to achieve excellence in production of quality data may be in tension with another important organisational value, which is the need of managers, for ease of access to relevant data, to facilitate decision-making and improvement of health service delivery. Managers’ overall experience is of not receiving the health information support they require. Instead, they experienced an organisational culture of using health information to narrowly measure targets and performance, which left them feeling unsupported and frustrated. Managers were resilient in managing these challenges and created alternative ways of accessing the data they needed for decision-making. Conclusion: We conclude that in our setting where the technical component of producing good data was well performed, this was not sufficient to guarantee effective use of data for quality improvements. Behavioural and organisational factors were found to play an important role as both obstacles and facilitators in shaping the culture of data use, information that is useful to inform design of interventions for health information strengthening.
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Fulcher, Christopher L. "A watershed management decision support system (WAMADSS) : economic and environmental impacts of land use activities for reducing nonpoint source pollution /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9809667.
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Carrilho, Miguel Antão de Praetere. "The use of analytical hierarchy process in spatial decision support system for land use management." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/14547.
Full textAbstract:
Geographic information systems give us the possibility to analyze, produce, and edit geographic information. Furthermore, these systems fall short on the analysis and support of complex spatial problems. Therefore, when a spatial problem, like land use management, requires a multi-criteria perspective, multi-criteria decision analysis is placed into spatial decision support systems. The analytic hierarchy process is one of many multi-criteria decision analysis methods that can be used to support these complex problems. Using its capabilities we try to develop a spatial decision support system, to help land use management. Land use management can undertake a broad spectrum of spatial decision problems. The developed decision support system had to accept as input, various formats and types of data, raster or vector format, and the vector could be polygon line or point type. The support system was designed to perform its analysis for the Zambezi river Valley in Mozambique, the study area. The possible solutions for the emerging problems had to cover the entire region. This required the system to process large sets of data, and constantly adjust to new problems’ needs. The developed decision support system, is able to process thousands of alternatives using the analytical hierarchy process, and produce an output suitability map for the problems faced.
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Kavela, L. T. T. "Developing a land information systems (LIS) application for communal land dispute resolution : a case study of the Oshana Communal Land Board." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3437.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of land recording and keeping in the Communal Area of Namibia has been
a severe dilemma to the Government. Various types of land disputes are on increase
and continue to be predominant despite various Acts, Policies and other related
Legislations on the Land Administration and Management passed by Namibian
Parliament. Since the establishment of the Oshana Communal Land Board, effort was
made to keep conventional records of information pertaining to land parcels in
communal areas of Oshana Region. However, spatial information about the land
ownership records is still not available in a well-designed and organised system.
The non-existence of Land Information Management (LIM) System using Land
Information Systems (LIS) application as management tool contributed to this
problem. However, Oshana Communal Land Board used manual based system with
incomplete coverage and less comprehensive information. In most cases decision
makers have to make critical decisions based on little or no information.
Therefore, LIM System and data sharing are the major features of the OSHCLB and
in order to facilitate these processes there is a need for the introduction of LIS
application. Adequate land information is crucial to sustainable development and
sound information systems are of vital importance to land management systems. This
is also been expressed in the various reports including the Operational Manual for
Communal Land Board in Namibia.
The user needs and requirements were carefully considered during the data collection
stage. The system was designed using proven methodologies, which were explained
and reasons for the choice is discussed. However, the detailed LIS applications can be
pursued by other researchers or consultants in the future to make the system complete.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.
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Briginshaw, David Mark. "An evaluation of the performance of GIS as a decision support tool in land use management." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2102.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims at evaluating the level at which GIS is currently performing as a Decision Support Tool in Land Use Management Systems in KwaZulu Natal. Research was conducted amongst all ofthe district municipalities (in survey format, with a seventy percent response rate), as well as amongst representatives of three local municipalities, and representatives of the only Metropolitan municipality (all in the form of in-depth inten1iews). The results of the research were certainly revealing, and at points, significantly concerning. This research illustrates that despite the fact that the municipal LUMS should be in place, in most instances, the local municipalities have not completed their LUMS, and many districts have not finalised their specific components of the LUMS (namely the Land Use Framework, or LUF). Reasons for the difficulties experienced in developing the municipal LUMS were mainly capacity related, although there were a few additional impediments worth noting. Due to this, it was difficult to successfully evaluate the role that GIS is playing in LUMS as a Decision Support Tool. Despite this difficulty, it was still possible to evaluate the current use of GIS in the development of LUMS, as well as its perceived use in the future. Furthermore, the general perceptions regarding GIS as a Decision Support Tool were open for examination, along with how it will be used as such in LUMS This research confirms that GIS has been used to some extent in the development of the municipal LUMS, and that it will be used extensively in the future, particularly in Decision Support. This research concludes by offering various solutions or recommendations to the problems being experienced by the municipalities. These solutions originate both from points mentioned in the literature review, as well as from the responses to the questionnaires and interviews; and could assist in resolving the noteworthy problems revealed during the research.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2006.
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(9815015), Teresa Lynch. "Intelligent support systems in agriculture: A study of their adoption and use." Thesis, 2002. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Intelligent_support_systems_in_agriculture_A_study_of_their_adoption_and_use/13421897.
Full textAbstract:
"Australian agriculture is one area in which a number of intelligent support systems have been developed. It appears, however, that comparatively few of these systems are widely used or have the impact the developers might have wished. In this study a possible explanation for this state of affairs was investigated. The development process for 66 systems was examined. Particular attention was paid to the nature of user involvement, if any, during development and the relationship to system success. The issue is not only whether there was user involvement but rather the nature of the involvement, that is, the degree of influence users had during development. The patterns identified in the analysis suggest user influence is an important contributor to the success of a system. These results have theoretical significance in that they add to knowledge of the role of the user in the development of intelligent support systems. The study has drawn together work from three areas: Rogers diffusion theory, the technology acceptance model, and theories relating to user involvement in the development of information systems. Most prior research in the information systems area has investigated one or two of the above three areas in any one study. The study synthesizes this knowledge through applying it to the field of intelligent support systems in Australian agriculture. The results have considerable practical significance, as apparently developers of intelligent support systems in Australian agriculture do not recognize the importance of user participation, and continue to develop systems with less than optimum impact." -- abstract.
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Simbizi, Marie Christine Dushimyimana. "Developing a spatial data infrastructure for Rwanda : case study of land administration sector." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2590.
Full textAbstract:
Governments all over the world are being challenged to develop Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), to improve the access and use of spatial data for decision support and sustainable development. Therefore, SDI is part of the basic infrastructure that needs to be efficiently implemented and managed in the interest of any nation. The aim of this study, therefore, is to assess the feasibility of SDI implementation in Rwanda, using the Land administration geospatial data sector as a case study, given time constraints of the research. To achieve this, the concept of SDI is firstly explained in order to provide a common understanding of the concept. The new trends in the new Land Administration System of Rwanda, with emphasis on spatial data management are also presented. This information is generated from various written materials. Field work was also conducted by means of questionnaires, interviews and observation in attempt to assess Land Administration geospatial data, related assets and gaps with reference to SDI framework requirements. A situational analysis is carried out from the field work results. The research sets the scene providing the major findings. The main spatial data providers are public and based on national level. Land use and cadastral related spatial data are the least developed, and Land Administration application data are quiet non-existent. Various users, mainly decision makers, exist but lack effective access to data. A number of challenges, such as a high duplication of data collection and maintenance, lack of appropriate ways of data sharing, a shortage of human resources in Geo-information, absence of policies and regulations, are also found in the Land Administration spatial data sector. Nevertheless, the new Land Administration System orientations and national priorities in terms of information technology, offer a favourable environment for the implementation of SDI. Having considered this, the research proceeds to propose a Land Administration SDI prototype with its main application of Spatial Data discovery Facility, and then highlights its benefits. The research ends with a conclusion and recommendations for future research.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.
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Coverdale, Brent Miles. "The use of a geographic information system to investigate the effect of land-use change on wattled crane Bugeranus carunculatus breeding productivity in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3379.
Full textAbstract:
The Wattled Crane, Bugeranus carunculatus Gmelin, is presently classified as being 'Critically Endangered' within South Africa according to the Eskom Red Data book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, with a population of a meagre 235 individuals. Of this, 85% occur within KwaZulu-Natal and live predominantly on privately owned agricultural land. As a result thereof, Wattled Cranes and agriculture compete for the same resources. Up until now, the loss of viable habitat, as a result of agricultural development and afforestation, has been mooted as being the primary reason for the decline in numbers of the species. The advancements in the Geographical Information Systems field have enabled conservationists to acquire data, especially pertaining to habitat requirements, which were previously unattainable. This improved data acquisition is enabling for more informed decision making and better allocation of resources. The study therefore attempts to make use of a Geographical Information System to determine whether or not differences exist within the home ranges of active and historical Wattled Crane nesting sites, utilising the National Land cover database. The updated Land cover data for South Africa, although not completed at the time the present study took place, allowed for the interrogation of the various Land cover classes within an estimated home range. Natural Grassland was the predominant Land cover type within both active and historical home ranges, whilst both active and historical home ranges were subject to some degree of transformation. The potential impact of management practices in and around nesting sites warrants further investigation because this could not be determined through the analysis of land cover.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.