Journal articles on the topic 'Land use Environmental aspects Northern Territory'
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1
MOLCHAK, Yaroslav, and Iryna Myskovets. "ТHEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ESTIMATES OF WATER USE." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 52, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.22.1.2.
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Theoretical bases of modern water use, water resource potential, rational use, protection and reproduction of water resources of the region are considered. Changes in the ecological and economic system of water use in the Volyn region in market conditions are analyzed.
Anthropogenically altered natural areas, progressive pollution of human habitat, caused a deterioration in quality of life, negatively affected the demographic characteristics of the inhabitants of the planet. Water, as an important natural resource, is used in all aspects of human life and in the spheres of the national economy, has become an important factor determining the development of society as a whole.
The water management complex and especially its development must meet the socio-economic and environmental requirements of both society and the environment. The socio-economic aspect of these requirements is aimed at implementing measures and improving the territorial and sectoral structure and technologies of water use. Providing quality water to maintain the health of the population is the main goal of water use. International cooperation in the field of use and protection of water resources; taking into account environmental constraints and requirements in social and economic decisions should contribute to the stable development of regions. The Chernobyl catastrophe contaminated a large part of the territory of Volyn Polissya with radionuclides, which reduced the possibility of agricultural use of lands in the northern and north-western regions. Today it is becoming more and more important. acquires the need to develop the active use of environmental and economic tools to improve the process of water use. A number of proposals for solving an effective ecological and economic system of water use are presented
A distinction is made between losses caused to fixed assets that lead to deterioration or reduction in the amount of resources such as soil, water, fish, wildlife, buildings and structures, and losses resulting from reduced output or profits from reduced productivity of these resources. The first type of loss is simultaneous, the second - current (deduction from production). To determine the value of the simultaneous damage to natural resources, it is necessary to use their economic evaluation: land and water, forests, mineral deposits. Current losses (reduction of output, reduction of its quality or reduction of profits) can be determined by direct calculation.
Of particular importance are environmental losses of a social nature, which can only be partially measured by economic indicators: the cost of treatment, payment for sick leaves, loss of products due to illness and reduced productivity. Deterioration of health and reduced life expectancy are, of course, unacceptable and cannot be offset by any economic indicators. Damage to landscapes that worsen recreation conditions cannot be measured economically either.
Economical rational use of natural resources largely depends on the comprehensive restructuring of the entire system of production and consumption. Organize control over the level of environmental pollution; correct determination of the costs necessary to overcome the harmful effects of irrational water use. In order to reduce the negative effects of radioactive contamination, to implement a set of organizational agrochemical, agrotechnical and technological measures.
Given the great importance of water resources in the development of the national economy, not only Volyn region, but the state as a whole, the problem of balanced, scientifically sound, environmentally safe water use and dynamic development of the water complex of Ukraine is extremely important.
Key words: water bodies, water use, urbanization, pollution, purification, water supply.
2
Tiutiunnyk, Hanna. "Economic and environmental aspects of organization the territory of ecologically clean agricultural land." Economics, ecology, socium 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2018.2.1-6.
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Introduction. The foundation of the creation of ecologically clean land masses is the economic organization of the territory. The leading component of ecologically safe land use is the need to determine the suitability of land soils for the cultivation of raion crops and the maintenance of maximum soil quality adapted to the quality of crop rotation.
Aim and tasks. In the article the purpose of planning the organization of land mass structures is determined. The task of the internal land management is to formulate a strategy for using land masses that would maximally focus on the actions of land users in optimizing, transforming and using land to the natural conditions of the region.
Research results. Measures to create ecologically pure land masses are carried out directly at agricultural enterprises, therefore, agricultural land use is a prerequisite for them. The organization of agricultural land use envisages for business entities, the establishment of a warehouse, the transformation of lands and conservation of degraded and low productivity land, which at the present stage has become the most effective factor in the environmental optimization of land use. Agroecological organization of the territory includes measures on four systemic properties of agroecosystems: productivity, stability, stability and uniformity. All four properties are interrelated in agroecosystems. Without these links it is impossible to organize the territory in order to create conditions for rational use and protection of land, which is demanded by the agricultural land management system.
Conclusion. In the article the necessity of characterization of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lands is grounded in order to find out the influence of the creation of the land mass and the appearance of possible dangers. The basic stages of the transition to environmentally safe agriculture and the formation of ecologically clean land masses have been determined. The types of development of the land mass are described: one-time and step-by-step. The complex problems that may be encountered by an enterprise of any ownership type in the transition to the maintenance of ecologically pure agriculture are determined. Creation of ecologically pure massifs of lands and agroecological organization of the territory includes a system of measures for the adaptation of agricultural production, agriculture to the peculiarities of the natural environment, along with the system of levers of state management of rational ecologically safe use of agricultural land. So the necessity of state support and motivation for enterprises planning to switch to the production of ecologically clean products and the formation of ecologically clean land masses has been substantiated.
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Zudilin, Sergey, and Alyona Konakova. "Environmental Problems of Agricultural Land Use in the Samara Region." Baltic Surveying 10 (June 1, 2019): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.balticsurveying.2019.010.
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The zones of ecological trouble cover about 15% of the territory of Russia, where the main production capacities and the most productive agricultural lands are concentrated. The Samara region is characterized by a distinct natural zonality from a typical forest-steppe in the North with a forest cover close to 30%, to an open dry steppe in the South with a natural forest cover of only 0.1...0.2%. The article presents an analysis of land use in the Samara region on the example of the Borsky municipal district. Research methods include environmental analysis and statistical data analysis.The article presents an analysis of the land use of the Borskiy municipal district. During zoning, the territory of the district is divided into the northern, central and southern parts. Assessment of environmental and economic parameters showed heterogeneity of the territory and the need for detailed consideration of climatic, soil, economic conditions in the design of landscape optimization systems, even in the municipal area. In general, the district's land fund experiences an average anthropogenic load, the ecological stability of the territory as a whole is characterized as unstable stable. In comparison with other areas of the Central MES, the municipal Borskiy district belongs to the category with an average ecological intensity with a stabilization index of 0.59 units due to the beneficial influence of the Buzuluksky area.
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Dubrovsky, A. V. "Technological aspects of the development of principles for the effective use of land resources." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3 (May 18, 2022): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-3-124-131.
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The organization of an effective land use system is an important state task. Modern technologies allow us to find a balance, optimality in the use of land resources. At the same time, it can be said that the combination of technologies and their integrated application gives a more powerful synergetic effect, which is expressed, among other things, in the prevention of global environmental disasters, and currently can contribute to solving a number of economic breakdowns, in particular the food crisis. Among the technological solutions and geotechnologies developed and currently used in the field of land and property relations, it is possible to single out the main ones that allow organizing effective land use on the territory of the state: Unified State Register of Real Estate, automated cadastral systems, geoinformation basis of the territory, Unified electronic cartographic basis, geoinformation analysis, information modeling, geodesign technology, smart technologies, digital twin. As examples of the practical application of geotechnologies for the design and organization of an effective land use system, the following are considered: a study of the destruction of the shoreline of the Novosibirsk reservoir in the periods from 1970 to 2020, a study of seasonal flooding of the territory of dacha societies in the Soviet and Pervomaisky districts of Novosibirsk, the design of the placement of solid municipal waste accumulation sites (MSW) on the territory of the private sector of Novosibirsk, analysis of the road network of the city of Novosibirsk for the development of solutions to improve capacity, a comprehensive study of the level of development of social and household comfort of the population on the territory of the city of Novosibirsk, three-dimensional modeling of zones of accumulation of environmental damage on the territory of the city of Novosibirsk, geoinformation analysis of the provision of the territory of the city of Novosibirsk with recreational zones. The considered geotechnologies form the general geospatial structure of the rational land use system. A distinctive feature of their complex application is the possibility of predictive modeling and pre-project analysis of the consequences of economic use of land resources.
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Head, L. "Aborigines and Pastoralism in North-Western Australia: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Multiple Use of the Rangelands." Rangeland Journal 16, no. 2 (1994): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9940167.
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I examine aspects of land-use in the north-west Northern Territory by Aboriginal hunter-gatherers and white pastoralists since the early twentieth century. A case study of Legune Station and Marralam Outstation highlights issues of general relevance to those areas of rangelands where pastoralism and huntinglgathering coexist and compete. The historical record indicates that, contrary to widely held views, many aspects of Aboriginal relations to land were maintained throughout the pastoral period. In effect, multiple use has been a reality since contact, and in the wake of the Mabo debate will continue to be an issue for the next century. I argue that policy and bureaucratic frameworks, both past and present, fail to deal with this cross-cultural reality. There are both ethical imperatives and land management advantages in recognising Aborigines as stakeholders in decisions about the future of the rangelands.
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Ovchinnikova, Natalia, Daria Burdova, and Maria Garanova. "Arrangement for rational use and conservation of land resources in Rostov region." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016407005.
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This article covers the problem of rational use of land taking into account the economic and environmental aspects, aiming to eliminate any irrational use of land plots in the future. For this reason, it specifies the parameters characterizing the components of a rational land use concept, namely, its compliance with the intended use, sustainable soil fertility and environmental situation. The achievement of rationalization often contradicts the basic objectives of the concept of territorial development. To avoid such contradictions, the authors disclose the principles of rational land use. As of today, the concept of rational land use covers aspects in various spheres, such as ecology, economics, sociology, and, besides, affects environmental measures. Land resources management refers not only to the use of land resources, when natural and economic conditions and properties of the territory are the most fully taken into account, the fundamental socio-economic interests of the society are ensured, high efficiency of production and other activities is achieved, and the productive and other soil properties are recovered and ensured, but also to the possibility of using land by legitimate land users.
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Puig, C. J., R. Greiner, C. Huchery, I. Perkins, L. Bowen, N. Collier, and S. T. Garnett. "Beyond cattle: potential futures of the pastoral industry in the Northern Territory." Rangeland Journal 33, no. 2 (2011): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj10043.
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The pastoral industry of the Northern Territory faces a suite of environmental and economic challenges associated with, inter alia, export markets, costs of production, climate change, change in government policies, and potential cattle diseases. A participatory planning process was adopted by the industry’s principal representative body, the Northern Territory Cattlemen’s Association to explore the complexity and extent of possible impacts on the industry, and to initiate conversations about anticipating potential futures. The process was facilitated by a system dynamics model, named the Pastoral Properties Future Simulator (PPFS). The PPFS combined a systems modelling approach of the pastoral industry with scenario explorations to gauge the likely impacts on, and possible industry adaptations to, beef price variation, productivity improvements, diversification of land use, climate change, climate policy and employment. The PPFS was used as an interactive tool during stakeholder workshops and results underpinned discussions about impacts and adaptation strategies. Land use and enterprise diversification emerged as key strategies for building enterprise and industry resilience, but with regionally diverging emphasis. The research illustrates the benefits of applied systems dynamic modelling for participatory strategic planning in the face of an uncertain future. The PPFS helped industry members and stakeholders understand the complexity of drivers affecting the industry’s future, risk profiles, possible adaptation strategies and trade-offs.
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Guarderas, Paulina, Franz Smith, and Marc Dufrene. "Land use and land cover change in a tropical mountain landscape of northern Ecuador: Altitudinal patterns and driving forces." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 27, 2022): e0260191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260191.
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Tropical mountain ecosystems are threatened by land use pressures, compromising their capacity to provide ecosystem services. Although local patterns and interactions among anthropogenic and biophysical factors shape these socio-ecological systems, the analysis of landscape changes and their driving forces is often qualitative and sector oriented. Using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework, we characterized land use land cover (LULC) dynamics using Markov chain probabilities by elevation and geographic settings and then integrated them with a variety of publicly available geospatial and temporal data into a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) to evaluate factors driving such landscape dynamics in a sensitive region of the northern Ecuadorian Andes. In previous agricultural land located at lower elevations to the east of the studied territory, we found a significant expansion of floriculture (13 times) and urban areas (25 times), reaching together almost 10% of the territory from 1990 to 2014. Our findings also revealed an unexpected trend of páramo stability (0.75–0.90), but also a 40% reduction of montane forests, with the lowest probability (<0.50) of persistence in the elevation band of 2800–3300 m; agricultural land is replacing this LULC classes at higher elevation. These trends highlight the increasing threat of permanently losing the already vulnerable native mountain biodiversity. GAMs of socio-economic factors, demographic, infrastructure variables, and environmental parameters explained between 21 to 42% of the variation of LULC transitions observed in the study region, where topographic factors was the main drivers of change. The conceptual and methodological approach of our findings demonstrate how dynamic patterns through space and time and their explanatory drivers can assist local authorities and decision makers to improve sustainable resource land management in vulnerable landscapes such as the tropical Andes in northern Ecuador.
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Koch, Harold. "Language and communication in Aboriginal land claim hearings." Communication and Translation in Aboriginal Contexts 5 (January 1, 1990): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.5.01koc.
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This paper discusses aspects of the intercultural communication processes involved in the quasi-legal presentation of claims to traditional land by Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory before the Aboriginal Land Commissioner. The findings are documented by means of selected extracts from the transcripts of proceedings. Although the proceedings took place predominantly in English, there was some use of interpreters, liberal use of words from Aboriginal languages, and even considerable usage of nonverbal gestures. Most of the Aboriginal witnesses spoke some form of non-standard English influenced by Kriol and traditional Australian languages. The most salient features of their non-standard English are described here. Aboriginal witnesses accommodated their language toward Standard English. Some of their non-standard utterances were clarified by others for the record. The court also accommodated somewhat to Aboriginal styles and forms of speech. Nevertheless there were numerous instances of communication failure, which had various specific causes but were not aided by the culturally alien general legal procedure of question-and-answer elicitation of information.
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Pogorelov, Anatoly, Dmitry Lipilin, and Evgeny Kiselev. "Changes in the hydrographic characteristics of rivers in steppe agrolandscapes over the past decades (on the example of the Beysug river, Krasnodar territory)." InterCarto. InterGIS 27, no. 4 (2021): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2021-4-27-19-32.
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In the Krasnodar territory, agricultural land occupies 62 % of the territory; of which 79 % is arable land. Most of the agricultural land is located on the Azov-Kuban Plain in the northern part of the region in the steppe river basins. The basin of the Beysug river with an area of about 6,000 km2, in terms of its geographical characteristics, should be attributed to representative basins from the standpoint of the modern dynamics of agricultural landscapes and transformations of the river network. The article analyzes the changes in the steppe agricultural landscapes in the Beysug river basin for the period 1999–2020 in terms of changes in the structure of land use and hydrographic characteristics, based on the data of satellite images. The transformation of agrolandscapes is accompanied by redevelopment of the territory, massive construction of dams on rivers, violation of the conditions of natural drainage, which leads to the restructuring of water exchange processes in river basins. Changes in water exchange processes under semi-arid conditions can be sensitive to local landscapes and agriculture. Until now, insufficient attention has been paid to the hydrological aspects of the transformation of steppe landscapes. According to the DEM ASTER GDEM, 15 river basins were identified with the subsequent determination of land use types on the surface of the basins. In each of the basins, a land use structure has been established, which directly affects the hydrographic indicators, and a decrease in the length of watercourses and the density of the river network has been revealed. Over the past 20 years, in the studied basins, the total length of watercourses due to plowing and redevelopment of the surface has decreased by 8–37 %, and in general in the Beysug river basin—by 469 km.
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deKoninck, Vanessa. "Encounters on the Frontier: Banteng in Australia’s Northern Territory." Society & Animals 22, no. 1 (2014): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341317.
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Abstract This paper considers the case of an introduced species that resides in what is now a jointly managed national park in the north of tropical Australia. Banteng (Bos javanicus) are a peculiar feral nonhuman animal in that they constitute a potential environmental threat within the domestic conservation goals of the park, but they also hold the prospect of being a major genetic resource in the international conservation of the species. Thus, perspectives on the use and management of these animals are varied between different actors in the park landscape, and are subject to fluctuations over time, especially in response to wider social and political circumstances. This paper argues that seemingly objective views of these animals are actually a series of subjectivities, which have less to do with any concrete aspects of the animals themselves and more to do with the way that particular people orient themselves toward, and within, the landscape.
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Butler, W. H. "MULTIPLE LAND USE — AN ESSENTIAL PART OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING." APPEA Journal 25, no. 1 (1985): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj84027.
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The Australian petroleum industry has been involved in environmental planning and has developed an awareness of multiple land use over the past twentyfive years, more particularly over the past decade. This is in accord with the World Conservation Strategy and the National Conservation Strategy for Australia upon which the Australian State and Territory conservation strategies are based.As the term implies, multiple land use means a sharing of the land. The range of uses includes reserves, heritage areas, agriculture, urban and suburban development and mining. To achieve multiple land use requires the restoration of the environment to its pre-development state as quickly as possible so that both uses can be maintained. This requires that the new user assess the impact of his development well before it begins. This assessment is normally achieved through an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or Environmental Review and Management Plan (ERMP). Most operators are familiar with these requirements.This paper deals primarily with the restoration of the existing environment. Restoration is achieved by preserving, to the greatest extent possible, the vegetation and topsoil which are stripped from the development area. As little stockpiling as possible is done and the topsoil, mixed with the broken down vegetation, is returned as quickly as possible. In this way the contained seed load and nutrient values are not lost and regeneration results.Apart from the practical aspects there is a need for the workforce involved to understand what they are conserving and why they are conserving it. A delicate balance exists in nature wherein the surviving plants and animals are able to cope with natural disasters. Management plans must include the principle that the collective impact of a new development will at no time exceed the impact of natural catastrophes.
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Melnichuk, Aleksandr Y., and Olga V. Zakalichnaya. "EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF THE TERRITORY OF SIMFEROPOL DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 25, no. 4 (2020): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2020-25-2-172-183.
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The article considers aspects of evaluation of the spatial structure of land use and agricultural land, based on calculations of environmental stability coefficients and heterogeneity indexes. The relevance of the research is the need to obtain reliable information on the balanced land use, which is a condition for saving the natural capabilities of the agrarian landscape, the ability to self-repair and achieve the stability of the territories. The purpose of research is to assess the sustainability of land use on the example of the territory of Simferopol district. The pronounced vertical zoning of the study area introduces additional requirements and restrictions to the use of the territory. The indices were calculated using the methods for assessing the stability of territories and using the Shannon index. The spatial distribution of results was performed using GIS-technologies. The results of research to indicate the greatest diversity of the structure of agricultural land and a relative stability in the mountainous areas of the studied territory. The territories of Shirokovsky, Zhuravlevsky, Pervomaysky and Nikolaevsky rural settlements are homogeneous in the structure of land use and less environmentally stable. It is stated that the plains need to optimize the land use structure and the land of the Foothills territories need the application of precise agricultural technologies. The results can be used in the development of strategies for managing territories, in the improving the structure of land and crop areas, and in the development of other measures aimed by achieving the sustainable development of territories.
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Woinarski, J. C. Z., K. Brennan, I. Cowie, A. Fisher, P. K. Latz, and J. Russell-Smith. "Vegetation of the Wessel and English Company Islands, North-eastern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (2000): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98037.
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Vegetation patterning is described for two neighbouring continental island chains off Arnhem Land, Australia. A total of 684 species was recorded from 57 islands, with reasonably comprehensive lists for 36 of these islands. Almost 90% of the deviance in plant species richness was associated with island size. The richness of plants dispersed by sea and/or vertebrates was proportionally greater on small islands; that of relatively poor dispersers was greater on larger islands. Twelve vegetation communities were defined by classification of plant species composition in 226 50 × 50-m quadrats. There was no relationship between island size and species richness at the quadrat level, at least for the most extensive vegetation types. The vegetation of the islands is now composed of two main elements—an original set of communities (mostly of heath, tussock grassland and eucalypt open forest) whose species have poor inter-island dispersal, and a set of more recent colonists (mostly of strand, mangrove and coastal thicket communities). The former group is allied to the sandstone flora of western Arnhem Land, but is species-poor in comparison, as the islands lack the deep gorges which drive much of the species richness of western Arnhem Land. The latter group comprises many species with a broad geographic range across tropical coastal areas, including many species which have been shown elsewhere to be highly vagile. Many species of the former set appear to have been lost from the smaller islands. The island flora has been influenced by three sets of human managers. Aboriginal use of the islands has been long-standing and probably resulted in a fire regime which may have accentuated environmental patchiness. Centuries of wet-season use of some islands by Macassan trepang-harvesters, ending early this century, has apparently left few effects other than the persistence of occasional small populations of an introduced food tree. In contrast, European use of these islands has been minimal and fleeting, but is associated with the introduction of most weeds.
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Walton, Nerissa, Hilary Smith, Luke Bowen, Paul Mitchell, Emma Pethybridge, Tracey Hayes, and Michael O'Ryan. "Opportunities for fire and carbon on pastoral properties in the savanna rangelands: perspectives from the Indigenous Land Corporation and the Northern Territory Cattlemen's Association." Rangeland Journal 36, no. 4 (2014): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj14025.
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Understanding both the carbon dynamics within Australia’s northern savannas and the opportunities presented through diversification into carbon markets is of relevance to pastoral land managers both in Australia and globally. The Indigenous Land Corporation (ILC), through its role in assisting Indigenous people to acquire and manage land for cultural, social, environmental and economic benefits, has operated in the carbon market and is keen to continue working with its partners to explore the opportunities to develop and broaden this further. The Northern Territory Cattlemen’s Association, as the major industry body for the pastoral industry in the Northern Territory, has been actively involved in assessing the opportunities which may be presented through greenhouse gas abatement where these are compatible with sound resource and economic management. In recent years, Australian governments have considered and developed diversified carbon abatement opportunities for farmers, particularly through the Carbon Farming Initiative (CFI). Australian Carbon Credit Units generated through the CFI can contribute to meeting Australia’s commitments under international agreements to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The opportunity for economic diversification into carbon farming on marginal land where the primary land use is pastoralism is of particular interest, particularly where it can lead to strengthened economic returns, jobs and other benefits for Indigenous people. Lessons learnt from the ILC’s Fish River Fire Project demonstrate the potential, but also emphasise the need for further research into the practicalities of introducing carbon projects into predominantly pastoral landscapes in Australia and internationally. It is suggested that several issues require further assessment by pastoralists who may be considering engaging in the CFI or other carbon markets.
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Paolillo, Pier Luigi, Umberto Baresi, and Roberto Bisceglie. "Classification of Landscape Sensitivity in the Territory of Cremona." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2013070104.
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Centrality of landscape, in territorial planning, has been influencing for years, the testing of innovative analytical techniques aimed to gather peculiarities of urban and suburban context. The advent of Spatial Information System created the possibility to produce more detailed studies analyzing a lot of information dealing with territorial phenomena of crucial importance in spatial planning. The development of analytical systems based on multidimensional analysis may represent the right way to synthesize different phenomena that interact locally, in order to obtain the intrinsic sensitivity of a specific landscape as a result. In the case of Cremona Urban Variant, the production of thematic maps has allowed the construction of six synthetic indicators, dealing with specific aspects of Cremona landscape. The indicators are: i) insularisation of non – built spaces, ii) morphological / structural values, iii) perceptual landscape aspects, iv) permanence of urban system, v) degree of imperativeness of environmental constraints, vi) integrity of land use.
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Bondarev, Boris, Sergey Nosov, Oleg Antipov, and Lusine Papikian. "Urban land use planning within the system of sustainable urban development management." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002001.
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Agricultural and forest lands near settlements are main reserve for expansion of urban areas. Thus, among 148.5 thousand hectares of lands added to Moscow city territory in 2012, 72.2 thousand hectares or 48% were occupied by agricultural and forest lands. Urban areas are characterized by excessively high intensity of land use, land depletion, deterioration in environmental quality and decline in sustainability of urban development. The paper presents the results of analysis of urban land use planning system in the interests of sustainable development of urban territories. The object of the study is the land that is part of Moscow, which is planned to be developed in the coming decades. The authors propose an algorithm for urban development of such areas, which takes into account the quality of land. Design calculations for areas under development were carried out for Shchapovskoye settlement in New Moscow as an example. In addition, the paper covers aspects of land management when developing agricultural land within cities. The authors developed a classification of agricultural land according to a criterion of “suitability for urban development”. The suggested classification has been applied to achieve the objectives of planning urban land use development, determining the order of construction on agricultural lands within the system of sustainable urban development management.
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Morari, F., E. Lugato, and M. Borin. "Agricultural land use and N losses to water: the case study of a fluvial park in Northern Italy." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0699.
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An integrated water resource management programme has been under way since 1999 to reduce agricultural water pollution in the River Mincio fluvial park. The experimental part of the programme consisted of: a) a monitoring phase to evaluate the impact of conventional and environmentally sound techniques (Best Management Practices, BMPs) on water quality; this was done on four representative landscape units, where twelve fields were instrumented to monitor the soil, surface and subsurface water quality; b) a modelling phase to extend the results obtained at field scale to the whole territory of the Mincio watershed. For this purpose a GIS developed in the Arc/Info environment was integrated into the CropSyst model. The model had previously been calibrated to test its ability to describe the complexity of the agricultural systems. The first results showed a variable efficiency of the BMPs depending on the interaction between management and pedo-climatic conditions. In general though, the BMPs had positive effects in improving the surface and subsurface water quality. The CropSyst model was able to describe the agricultural systems monitored and its linking with the GIS represented a valuable tool for identifying the vulnerable areas within the watershed.
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Gileva, Larisa N., and Natalya V. Egorova. "Studying and evaluating the impacts of oil and gas facilities on the environment of the northern territories to prevent and reduce adverse anthropogenic impacts." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (April 4, 2019): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2019-1-121-132.
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The growth of energy consumption entails an increase in the production of hydrocarbons, the number of fields, which are involved in this process, and the territory of license areas. Overall, environmental impact may be increased. Northern territories of our country are more exposed to anthropogenic impact from the oil and gas facilities because of huge oil and gas reserves availability. Therefore, the strategic developments for the greening of production on the basis of the concept of sustainable exploitation of these territories are very important. Suggested concept involves a balanced activity that provides high economic efficiency and environmental safety, aimed at reducing adverse anthropogenic consequences.The assessment of the impact of oil and gas facilities on the environment was carried out in the territory of the West Chatylkinsky field of Krasnoselkupsky district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The results obtained allowed assessing the degree of impact of cluster sites and communication corridors of the objects of the land and property complex of the oil field and developing recommendations to reduce adverse anthropogenic consequences in order to protect the environment and ensure the greening of land use.
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Samson, Elizabeth, Kenneth Boykin, William Kepner, Mark Andersen, and Alexander Fernald. "Evaluating Biodiversity Metric Response to Forecasted Land Use Change in the Northern Rio Grande Basin." Environments 5, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5080091.
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The effects of future land use change on arid and semi-arid watersheds in the American Southwest have important management implications. Seamless, national-scale land-use-change scenarios for developed land were acquired from the US Environmental Protection Agency Integrated Climate and Land Use Scenarios (lCLUS) project and extracted to fit the Northern Rio Grande River Basin, New Mexico relative to projections of housing density for the period from 2000 through 2100. Habitat models developed from the Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project were invoked to examine changes in wildlife habitat and biodiversity metrics using five ICLUS scenarios. The scenarios represent a US Census base-case and four modifications that were consistent with the different assumptions underlying the A1, A2, B1, and B2 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change global greenhouse gas emission storylines. Habitat models for terrestrial vertebrate species were used to derive metrics reflecting ecosystem services or biodiversity aspects valued by humans that could be quantified and mapped. Example metrics included total terrestrial vertebrate species richness, bird species richness, threatened and endangered species, and harvestable species (e.g., waterfowl, big game). Overall, the defined scenarios indicated that the housing density and extent of developed lands will increase throughout the century with a resultant decrease in area for all species richness categories. The A2 Scenario, in general, showed greatest effect on area by species richness category. The integration of the land use scenarios with biodiversity metrics derived from deductive habitat models may prove to be an important tool for decision makers involved in impact assessments and adaptive planning processes.
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Clough, Alan R. "Does kava cause hallucinations in Aboriginal populations in eastern Arnhem Land (Australia)?" South Pacific Journal of Psychology 13 (2001): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000341.
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AbstractBackground: Isolated reports exist in the literature of hallucinations occurring as harmful outcomes of kava use. Kava's well-known mood-altering qualities contrast sharply with reports of such serious unwanted side effects. Arnhem Land Aboriginal people have used kava since 1982. Is there any evidence that kava use is associated with these kinds of effects in this population?Objectives: This paper describes the context and circumstances for 18 individuals who were reported to have experienced hallucinations in a sample of the Miwatj population in eastern Arnhem Land (Northern Territory. NT) (see Clough. Cairney. Maruff, Burns & Currie. 2001). The role of kava use in these occurrences is discussed. Alcohol, tobacco, cannabis use and petrol sniffing as well as psycho-social factors were also noted in community health clinic files and health worker reports.Results and conclusions: There was no evidence that hallucinations recorded in individuals were related to kava use. Instead, social and personal stress, pre-existing psychiatric conditions and excessive use of alcohol were more prominent. To describe the kinds of perceptual shifts experienced by kava users as hallucinations would seem imprudent without consideration of other environmental factors.
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Cirillo, Brenda, and Oriana Almeida. "THE LIMITS TO THE OPERATION OF MUNICIPAL PUBLIC POWER IN THE MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES OF MARAPANIM AND ITACAIÚNAS RIVER BASIN, STATE OF PARÁ." Revista Geografares 1, no. 31 (December 8, 2020): 268–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7147/geo.v1i31.31165.
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River basin management is closely related to land use management planning, confirming the need to adjust municipal land management with water management. In the state of Pará, aspects such as territorial extension, poor intermunicipal organization, and relative qualitative and quantitative abundance of the resource, among others, are particularities that provide greater challenges to the implementation of water resources policies, which demonstrates the importance of acting on a local level. To identify how the municipal government acts in the management of water resources, at local and intercity level, in the state, and what is its relationship with the state management body, interviews were conducted at 19 municipal environmental secretariats located in the territory of two river basins: Marapanim and Itacaiúnas, both entirely located within the state. It was found the existence of both logistical and institutional limitations of the municipal government concerning environmental management, and also concerning the performance of the state government, as a political entity, in promoting the aspects of participation and decentralization of management.
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Youkhana, Eva, Claudia Leifkes, and Tomás Enrique León-Sicard. "Epistemic Marginality, Higher and Environmental Education in Colombia." Gestión y Ambiente 21, no. 2Supl (December 31, 2018): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ga.v21n2supl.77752.
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Due to their ecological and cultural wealth and diversity many Latin American countries suffer from the exploitation of natural resources and environmental conflicts. These are furthered by many interconnected factors: divergent world views on land and territory and the competitive interests that stem from them (land and nature as livelihood with symbolic meaning vs. land and its resources as commodity), multiple legal systems (legal pluralism), different social relations and equally divergent strategies and technologies to transform nature. In Colombia among other countries, these factors are largely responsible for the emergence and intensification of the unsustainable resource use and the exploitation of natural resources, for example through an increase of extractive activities such as mining and agricultural practices in the style of the green revolution. Both are privileged in the current conventional and neoliberal model of development, with serious destructive consequences for the natural and cultural environment (symbolic, social, economic, political and technological). Strategies to solve the mentioned problems need a critical reflection on the epistemic foundations that represent diverse perspectives on ecology, development and the environment. We assume that higher and environmental education are important aspects, political agents and protagonists for the enforcement of ideologies and interests, and should therefore be diversified to increase political participation and decrease social inequalities.
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Shchetinina, Arina, Irina Potashova, and Elena Shchetinina. "Production of strawberry remontant in the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory." E3S Web of Conferences 203 (2020): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020302014.
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This article presents innovative methods of growing agricultural products, namely, elite remontant strawberries of the Elizabeth II variety in the conditions of greenhouse vertical cultivation using vermicompost organic fertilizer. The practical significance of the study consists in the development of measures, the implementation of which will solve the problems of agriculture resource-saving production, taking into account and adapted to the environmental relations. As part of the study, the authors proposed intensive cultivation of strawberry crops for the full calendar year, which increases the agricultural production efficiency. The authors proposed the economic and legal aspects of the intensification of agriculture in land use small areas. The analysis of the profitability of the enterprise using the methods described in the study.
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Furdychko, O., O. Drebot, D. Dobryak, P. Melnyk, and L. Sakharnatska. "Scientific basis of organization of ecologically safe land use." Balanced nature using, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.2.2021.237991.
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The article highlights the environmental problems of land use, its rationalization; optimal use of agricultural lands, in particular, arable lands; a modern interpretation of the content of rational use of agricultural lands. Environmental and economic aspects of this problem are considered. The information data necessary for the decision of this problem are given, namely indicators of natural-agricultural zoning, regional ecological and economic features of manufacture of the basic production of agriculture, indicators of properties and quality of soils and agrobiological requirements of the main crops to natural, primarily soil, environment, indicators of yields of these crops and data on production costs and revenues. The organization of ecologically safe land use is recommended in three stages. The first stage consists of allocating areas growing certain crops in Ukraine, that agroecological interpretation materials natural and agricultural zoning to study the environmental conditions of production agriculture. If the growing zones of certain crops have specific, inherent only in each of them, geographical areas, then it is determined where and which crops in terms of natural conditions should be located. The second stage of identifying the ecological and economic features of the production of basic agricultural products based on data on natural conditions, especially soil, is to determine the suitability of land for the area within the growing zones. The third stage of the organization of ecologically safe land use is to determine according to the data on the suitability of soils of the territory with optimal conditions for growing the crop, i.e. where the best and with the highest assessment of soils prevail. The growing zone can have at least three such agronomic regions (districts) — with the best, average, and worst conditions. In modern conditions, when prices of goods forming market relations, accounting for differences in land productivity as a productive resource becomes a necessary objective condition for the profitable and ecologically safe existence of agriculture.
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Clough, A. R. "Case-control study of the association between kava use and ischaemic heart disease in Aboriginal communities in eastern Arnhem Land (Northern Territory) Australia." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 58, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.58.2.140.
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Vasil'eva, Ekaterina A. "EFFICIENCY OF AERIAL LASER SCANNING OF THE TERRITORY WHEN MONITORING URBAN GREEN SPACES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 4, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-4-2-31-34.
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The article describes the role of remote sensing technologies in monitoring urban green spaces. The positive aspects of the use of air laser scanning in the inventory and monitoring of urban green spaces are listed. The role of urban green spaces in the formation of an environmentally friendly urban environment is briefly described. Insufficient elaboration of the regulatory and legal documentation in the field of registration of urban green spaces in the Unified State Register of Real Estate Objects was noted. It is emphasized that the lack of approaches to the consideration of urban green spaces as independent cadastral objects entails numerous violations in the field of environmental and environmental legislation of settlements. A solution to this problem is proposed, which consists in the mandatory accounting of cadastral data on the land plot under the urban green spaces when maintaining the urban green spaces monitoring database.
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Peña Supayabe, Anacleto, Nataly Ascarrunz, Juan Baldiviezo, and Laurenz Romero. "Fire management in indigenous territories in Bolivia." Tropical Forest Issues, no. 61 (November 10, 2022): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55515/srrh7933.
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This article presents an analysis of aspects guiding the management of risks associated with wildfires in territories governed by indigenous communities in Bolivia, and the crucial factors that contribute to responsive actions. These include: (i) indigenous worldviews regarding natural resources and the use of fire, (ii) strengthening of indigenous institutions for risk management, and (iii) autonomous, participatory and democratic indigenous community governance models. Using the Indigenous Territory of Lomerío of the Monkox nation as a case study, it also examines the advances, limitations and challenges in addressing wildfire threats, and the land management approach promoted by the indigenous territorial government.
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Gill, Nicholas. "Environmental (re)education and local environmental knowledge: statutory ground-based monitoring and pastoral culture in central Australia." Rangeland Journal 25, no. 1 (2003): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj03002.
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Ground-based monitoring of rangeland condition is common in Australian pastoral administration systems. In the Northern Territory (NT), such monitoring is officially seen as a key plank of sustainable pastoral land use. In the NT and elsewhere, these monitoring schemes have sought to increase participation by pastoralists. Involvement of pastoralists in monitoring is theoretically an educative process that will cause pastoralists to more critically examine their management practices. Critical perspectives on the relationship between rangelands science/extension and pastoralist knowledge systems and concerns, however, suggest that pastoralists' reception of such monitoring schemes will be influenced by a range of social contexts, including the character of pastoralist environmental knowledge. Fieldwork with pastoralists in Central Australia shows that the process by which pastoral environmental knowledge develops has rich experiential, historical and social dimensions. These contexts play a role in framing pastoral environmental knowledge and in shaping pastoralists' interpretations of environmental events and information from other parties. Pastoralists will assess information from monitoring in light of these contexts. The nature of the ground-based monitoring scheme is such that the very environmental knowledge that it seeks to reform may in fact be confirmed or otherwise interact with pastoral knowledge in unanticipated ways. Lack of systematic evaluation of the scheme and of pastoral environmental knowledge, however, precludes definitive judgements at this stage. The apparently central role of monitoring in NT pastoral land administration, however, suggests that the assumptions underlying the scheme and its implementation be reassessed.
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Dragicevic, Slavoljub, Ivan Novkovic, and Milena Milutinovic. "The erosion intensity changes in Zajecar municipality." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 89, no. 4 (2009): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0904003d.
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Apart from other geomorphologic processes (glacial erosion, nivation, abrasion) which are predominantly determined by the intensity of natural factors, soil erosion is significantly determined by anthropogenic influences. Despite the fact that the physical-geographic factors are important determinants of the erosion intensity this geomorphologic process has also demographic, socio-economic, environmental, and multidisciplinary aspects as well. Control works, some demographic characteristics of the territory and the type of land use are the direct and indirect anthropogenic influences and modifiers of the intensity of this process. The basic idea of this paper is to assess the basic socio-geographic change over certain area and to determine its effects on the erosion intensity.
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Cui, Wen He, Qian Yu Chen, and Yu Li. "Strategy Research of Landscape Construction of Green Village Settlement — Take Ansai as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1296.
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In this paper, dry farming area in northern Shaanxi unique geographical and natural environment and industrial restructuring brought about great changes in the background. Analyzed and summarized in Ansai area landscape to the status of rural settlements. From a rational land use and agricultural landscape planning, rural communities to create green, ecological environmental protection three aspects of green rural landscape to create a strategy, And proposed the establishment of green rural landscape of the "production - Living - ecology" compound operation mechanism.
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Santos, Leovigildo, and Thyago Brito. "Análise temporal do uso e cobertura do solo da capital brasileira do amianto: Minaçu, estado de Goiás." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 3 (2021): 1443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.3.p1443-1452.
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The municipality of Minaçu, in the northern region of the state of Goiás, differs from many Brazilian municipalities due to the intense changes that have occurred in its territory. The municipality is known as the Brazilian capital of asbestos, an ore that gave rise to the occupation of the region, whose extraction has lasted six decades. In addition to the large pits opened by mining, the municipality also has two hydroelectric plants, in addition to part of their respective reservoirs, which occupy a large part of their land. The objective of this study was to analyze the land use and cover between the years 1988 and 2018 of Minaçu. For that, the data of land use of the MapBiomas project were used, also used for analysis of the conversion between the classes of the mapping from the initial year to the end of the period of analysis. The least significant classes for the period under analysis were non-vegetated area, mining, urban infrastructure and planted forest. The areas of natural vegetation, such as forests and savanna, were converted to areas for human use, mainly pasture, also had the largest areas flooded by the two reservoirs of hydroelectric plants present in the municipality. The data used enabled an efficient and low-cost study, which serves as a basis for a greater understanding of the dynamics of use and coverage, also serving as a basis for planning sustainable land occupation.
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Zhavoronkova, N. G., and G. V. Vypkhanova. "Legal Problems of Public Policy and Strategic Planning of Land Management." Lex Russica 74, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.171.2.050-063.
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Strategic planning in land is now at the stage of development and adoption of new documents defining goals, objectives, directions, priorities and instruments of state land policy and land management. The uniqueness of this object of public management and strategy requires a systematic approach to strategic planning based on both the ecological and social significance of the land and economic value of land resources. The authors examine the possibility of their use as a natural means of agricultural production, draw attention to forestry—the most important factor in the development of economic industries as a territorial (spatial) basis (foundation) of economic activity—location of capital construction objects, other real estate objects, development of modern systems of settling population in an urban and rural areas, urban agglomerations. Accordingly, strategic planning for land management in real estate and spatial development is an important part of land management, urban planning and other related areas.The paper considers terminological and conceptual problems of the object and subject matter of these relations (land, land resources, territory, space, real estate, spatial development, land use ) in the cross-sectoral context of strategic planning. The authors have determined the main issues of formation of the concept and strategy of state strategic management concerning land resources in general, as well as the land use strategy in differnt settlements in the context of present day factors influencing the state of development of this strategic area. The paper examines intersectoral aspects of preparation of documents of strategic planning, the connection of the land use with other areas of strategic management of public development (socio-economic, spatial, urban planning, state property management, energy, environmental safety).As the result of the study, the authors propose new approaches to land strategy and its improvement.
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McKemey, Michelle, Emilie Ens, Yugul Mangi Rangers, Oliver Costello, and Nick Reid. "Indigenous Knowledge and Seasonal Calendar Inform Adaptive Savanna Burning in Northern Australia." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030995.
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Indigenous fire management is experiencing a resurgence worldwide. Northern Australia is the world leader in Indigenous savanna burning, delivering social, cultural, environmental and economic benefits. In 2016, a greenhouse gas abatement fire program commenced in the savannas of south-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory, managed by the Indigenous Yugul Mangi rangers. We undertook participatory action research and semi-structured interviews with rangers and Elders during 2016 and 2019 to investigate Indigenous knowledge and obtain local feedback about fire management. Results indicated that Indigenous rangers effectively use cross-cultural science (including local and Traditional Ecological Knowledge alongside western science) to manage fire. Fire management is a key driver in the production of bush tucker (wild food) resources and impacts other cultural and ecological values. A need for increased education and awareness about Indigenous burning was consistently emphasized. To address this, the project participants developed the Yugul Mangi Faiya En Sisen Kelenda (Yugul Mangi Fire and Seasons Calendar) that drew on Indigenous knowledge of seasonal biocultural indicators to guide the rangers’ fire management planning. The calendar has potential for application in fire management planning, intergenerational transfer of Indigenous knowledge and locally driven adaptive fire management.
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Nunes, Leonel J. R., Mauro A. M. Raposo, and Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. "A Historical Perspective of Landscape and Human Population Dynamics in Guimarães (Northern Portugal): Possible Implications of Rural Fire Risk in a Changing Environment." Fire 4, no. 3 (August 17, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire4030049.
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The occupation of a territory combines a set of variables which affect the development of the mode by which populations have been organized throughout history. How this occupation takes place demonstrates much of a territory’s past and shows how the populations managed to make the most out of the available resources. The region of Entre-Douro-e-Minho (Northern Portugal), similarly to what happens in other regions, such as Galicia (Northern Spain), Brittany (Northern France), or Ireland, presents a type of dispersed land use, with an alternation of urban, agriculture, and forest areas. On one hand, this proximity allows urban populations to come into contact with a rural environment. On the other hand, this proximity also causes a set of problems, namely those related to rural fires, which are now enhanced by climate change, and associated phenomena, such as heatwaves and the lack of precipitation. The present work analyzes the evolution of rural fires in 1975–2019, in the municipality of Guimarães (Northern Portugal), to understand how these events have been distributed over time and evolved in a climate change scenario. Based on the results and discussion presented, it can be concluded that there is an increasing trend in the occurrence of rural fires in the territory under study, and that this can also be associated to climate change, in the form of a gradual increment in temperature, particularly in the autumn months, and a decrease in rainfall. This situation is responsible for the increment of the risk caused by the proximity of the populations to forest and agricultural areas because rural fires can jeopardize the safety of people and goods.
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Potravnaya, Evgenia V. "Gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems by the indigenous peoples of the North of Russia." POPULATION 23, no. 2 (2020): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.2.7.
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The article deals with gender aspects of the perception of environmental problems by the population in the industrial development of the Arctic. There is substantiated the need to develop an ethno-social approach to the study of environmental problems in the framework of interaction between mining companies and the indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population when assessing the impact on the ethnological environment (ethnological expertise of the project). The experience of conducting such research to identify and assess gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems in the implementation of investment projects in the Arctic is shown. Based on the results of the empirical research in 2017–2019 on alluvial gold and diamond mining projects in the Northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main environmental problems that concern the local population are identified. These include: pollution of the environment in the territories of traditional nature use, decrease in the number of deer, reduction in the number of objects of traditional crafts, lack of a system for garbage removal and processing, climate change, and others. The article shows specifics of the environmental problems perception by the indigenous inhabitants of the North (Evenks, Dolgans, Yukagirs, Sakha) on a gender basis. It proposes a mechanism for taking into account the gender characteristics of the population’s behavior in the impact of economic activities on the environment in order to ensure gender equality by signing an agreement between mining companies and the local population on the socio-economic development of the territory. The concept of a gender approach to the account of ethnosocial and environmental aspects of territory development with the account the life cycle of the project is substantiated. Implementation of this approach will allow a more full account of the interests and needs of the indigenous population in the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic.
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Schrale, G., R. Boardman, and M. J. Blaskett. "Investigating Land Based Disposal of Bolivar Reclaimed Water, South Australia." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0022.
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The Bolivar Sewage Treatment Works (STW) processes the urban and industrial sewage from the northern and eastern suburbs of Adelaide. The treatment capacity is equivalent to the sewage production of 1.1 million people. The disposal of more than 40 000 ML of reclaimed water into the sea has caused a progressive degradation of about 950 ha of seagrass beds which threatens the sustainability of the fisheries and marine ecosystems of Gulf St. Vincent. The current practice will no longer be viable to achieve compliance with the SA Marine Environment Protection Act, 1990. A Inter-Departmental Working Party recommmended that the Bolivar reclaimed water be disposed by irrigation of suitable land on the coastal plains north of Adelaide. They proposed the construction of two pipelines: a 12 km long pipeline to extend the distribution of reclaimed water in the most intense portion of the 3 500 hectares of irrigated horticulture on the Northern Adelaide Plains, and a second, 18 km long pipeline to deliver the remainder to a more northerly site for irrigation of an estimated 4 000 hectares of hardwood plantations. The paper summarizes the findings as they relate to public health, environmental, technical and financial aspects of land based disposal. Land based disposal would completely eliminate the marine degradation and also arrest the over-use of the NAP underground water resources for horticulture. The total net costs over thirty years for land based disposal are about $ 21.8 million. The ‘horticultural' pipeline of the land based disposal scheme is expected to be commercially viable. A shortfall in revenue from the afforestation component is expected and may need to be considered as an environmental cost of ceasing marine disposal.
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Okimbekov, Ubaid V. "NORTH AFGHANISTAN COLONIZATION AND ENGLISH BOUNDARY COMMISSION." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 1 (19) (2022): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2022-1-25-33.
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The present study examines the question of Abd al-Rahman Khan’s colonization of the northern regions of Afghanistan in the 1880s. The colonization process was aimed at resettling people from areas with scarce land and water resources to the northern regions, which provided largely favourable conditions for agriculture and transhumance, restoring economic life through increase in production capacity with additional workforce and ensuring the security of the northern border. At first, these measures were directed at the inhabitants of the region itself, but they came to reach the national level after a while. The appearance of the Afghan Delimitation Commission in these areas during this period had a certain impact on the decisions of the Afghan authorities. Members of the Commission began to discredit the indigenous people of the region in the eyes of the leadership of their own state and before the emir as unreliable subjects and suggested relying exclusively on the Pashtuns. While the emir wanted primarily his fellow tribesmen to settle in the areas, the British pushed for the settlement of representatives of the warlike Ghilzai tribe there. Tens of thousands of households eventually settled in the northern territory but given that large segments of the local population migrated outside the country, the total number of the population did not undergo any significant change. Nevertheless, the number of the Pashtun households has noticeably increased in the regions. The discontent over the resettlement policy expressed by the indigenous population and the position of the authorities on this issue further exacerbated the already tense inter-ethnic relations. The economic aspects of the issue faded into the background while the emir's attention focused solely on the political elements within the region. By exterminating local influential people and their chiefs and by confiscating their land ownership rights, Abd al-Rahman Khan finally managed to suppress the resistance and opposition forces of Tajiks, Uzbeks and other ethnic groups and tribes. Looking through the prism of its rivalry with Russia, England regarded these unfolding events and processes as an outcome of the weakening of the position and influence of its longtime opponent in this Afghan region.
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Pristeri, Guglielmo, Francesca Peroni, Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo, Daniele Codato, Anna Giulia Castaldo, Antonio Masi, and Massimo De Marchi. "Mapping and Assessing Soil Sealing in Padua Municipality through Biotope Area Factor Index." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 5167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125167.
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Soil sealing is a worldwide phenomenon of covering of natural or seminatural soil with impervious surfaces, such as built-up or paved surfaces. It is widely recognized as a major environmental issue which drives landscape fragmentation and ecosystem services degradation and loss. Italy is one of European countries with the highest extent of soil sealing. The most affected area is northern Italy, especially the Po Valley with more than 12% of sealed surfaces. According to official data, Veneto Region and the city of Padua are seriously affected by this phenomenon. The Biotope Area Factor is a consolidated ecological urban index for mapping soil sealing, adopted in different European cities to support urban planning; it expresses the ratio of the ecologically effective surface area in relation to the total land area according to land cover classes. The general aim of this study is to map and to assess soil sealing in the whole municipal territory of Padua using the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. We tested and adopted a digital land cover map together with aerial images to perform a BAF analysis on the whole municipal territory of Padua. By using sample areas previously analyzed, we validated our source data by a double spatial validation process; therefore, soil sealing analysis was scaled-up to the municipality territory. Results show that in the city of Padua, the average BAF index value is 0.6; totally permeable surfaces (BAF = 1) cover 59.5%, whereas totally “sealed” surfaces (BAF = 0) are 40.3% of the municipal territory (93 km2). Most of the sealed soil is located in the east sector and in the historical core of the city, with BAF values ranging from 0 to 0.2. A particularly critical area is identified within the new industrial area of the city, which is strongly affected by soil sealing. BAF maps are useful tools to identify critical areas by geovisualizing surface permeability at a very detailed scale and by enabling further analyses for hydrogeological risk assessment and urban climate regulation. Moreover, the use of BAF maps at urban scale today represent an important tool for urban management, especially for policy makers who are planning mitigation and compensation measures to control soil sealing.
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Isaeva, Inessa I., Alexander A. Voronin, Alexander V. Khoperskov, and Mikhail A. Kharitonov. "Modeling the Territorial Structure Dynamics of the Northern Part of the Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain." Computation 10, no. 4 (April 11, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation10040062.
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The subject of our study is the tendency to reduce the floodplain area of regulated rivers and its impact on the degradation of the socio-environmental systems in the floodplain. The aim of the work is to create a new approach to the analysis and forecasting of the multidimensional degradation processes of floodplain territories under the influence of natural and technogenic factors. This approach uses methods of hydrodynamic and geoinformation modeling, statistical analysis of observational data and results of high-performance computational experiments. The basis of our approach is the dynamics model of the complex structure of the floodplain. This structure combines the characteristics of the frequency ranges of flooding and the socio-environmental features of various sites (cadastral data of land use). Modeling of the hydrological regime is based on numerical shallow water models. The regression model of the technogenic dynamics of the riverbed allowed us to calculate corrections to the parameters of real floods that imitate the effect of this factor. This made it possible to use digital maps of the modern topography for hydrodynamic modeling and the construction of floods maps for past and future decades. The technological basis of our study is a set of algorithms and software, consisting of three modules. The data module includes, first of all, the cadastres of the territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain (VAF, this floodplain is the interfluve of the Volga and Akhtuba rivers for the last 400 km before flowing into the Caspian Sea), satellite and natural observation data, spatial distributions of parameters of geoinformation and hydrodynamic models. The second module provides the construction of a multilayer digital model of the floodplain area, digital maps of floods and their aggregated characteristics. The third module calculates a complex territorial structure, criteria for the state of the environmental and socio-economic system (ESES) and a forecast of its changes. We have shown that the degradation of the ESES of the northern part of the VAF is caused by the negative dynamics of the hydrological structure of its territory, due to the technogenic influence the hydroelectric power station on the Volga riverbed. This dynamic manifests itself in a decrease in the stable flooded area and an increase in the unflooded and unstable flooded areas. An important result is the forecast of the complex territorial structure and criteria for the state of the interfluve until 2050.
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Korolev, Angrey Yu. "UNPOPULATED AREAS: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONAL ZONING, A CASE OF THE NORTHERN URALS." Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, no. 2(61) (2022): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-2-153-165.
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The article studies unpopulated areas as testing grounds for the development of nature-oriented tourism. The purpose of the research is to investigate the structure and carry out functional zoning of the unpopulated area in the Northern Urals. The tasks are: 1). to define and concretize the term ‘unpopulated area’; 2). to analyze the structure and features of boundary delimitation for such areas; 3). to study the structure and features of the socio-economic functioning of the unpopulated area in the Northern Urals. The paper defines unpopulated areas as territories surrounding the poles of inaccessibility and limited on all sides by boundary objects, which include settlements, year-round roads or railways, the shoreline of navigable water bodies, as well as territories with ongoing economic activity with a change in the landscape type (agricultural land, industrial areas, etc.). The structure of unpopulated areas, expressed in the presence of a center and a periphery, has been studied. Approaches to the delimitation of the boundaries between the periphery and the center in such areas are proposed. There should be qualitative and quantitative differences between them. To reveal those, the impact of economic activity on the natural environment was graded into four levels. Accordingly, the center and the periphery are supposed to belong to different levels. In terms of quantitative differences, it is most logical to use the predominance of a specific level of economic activity in a separate section of the uninhabited area: if more than 50 % of the territory of a particular site belongs to the same level as the center, then this site belongs to the center; if less than 50 %, then ̶ to the periphery. The structure of the unpopulated area in the Northern Urals, which is heterogeneous and has two centers and a periphery, has been studied. The functional zoning of this area showed that there are five types of attendance zones on its territory, and the socio-economic functions of the area include: recreational and tourist, environmental, research, buffer, and economic.
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Khavar, Yulia, Yurii Hubar, Vira Sai, Oleksandra Hulko, and Liliya Vynarchyk. "GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 96,2022, no. 96 (December 2022): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcgcap2022.96.032.
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The aims of our paper are to study the territory organization of the forest fund lands of the Skhidnytsya village council (Lviv region), performing their forest management with the development of a system of activities aimed at ensuring scientifically based multifunctional forestry management, protection and rational sustainable use. The possibility of performing cadastral works for the territorial organization of forestry lands using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is important for science and practice. The paper considers the main direction of sustainable development of forest areas with a recreational function, aimed at strengthening ecological, social and economic functions and protection of these forests, their rational use. Based on the division of forests into categories, their functional significance, the regime of forestry and forest use for the next revision period, the following economic units were formed: health and recreational forests with a special regime of use in the mountains. The distribution of the total area of health and recreational forests by functional zones, types of landscape, classes of aesthetic assessment, pedestrian accessibility, recreational assessment, resistance to recreational loads, stages of recreational digression, additional assessment is presented. The results obtained prove the practical significance of the use of UAVs for performing work on the organization of the territory (certain category of land), and the resulting cartographic materials fully comply with the instructive accuracy. The developed provisions of this study correspond to the basic principles of sustainable forest management, provide for a combination of economic, environmental and social aspects of forestry activities.
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WILSON, GEORGE D. F., and CHRISTOPHER L. HUMPHREY. "The Eophreatoicus Nicholls, 1926 species flock from Kakadu and Arnhem Land, with a description of a new genus of Amphisopidae (Crustacea : Isopoda : Phreatoicidea)." Zootaxa 4854, no. 1 (September 25, 2020): 1–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4854.1.1.
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We present descriptions of 28 new species of Amphisopidae from Arnhem Land and Kakadu National Park of Australia’s Northern Territory. We identified five additional species that are not yet fully characterized and are not provided with formal species recognition. This is the first taxonomic treatment highlighting the high species richness within the Phreatoicidea that occur in Australia and likely elsewhere. We document each species fully with scanning electron and light micrographic images, diagnoses, detailed descriptions, keys to identification and justification of each species using parsimony analysis of their morphological and genetic characters. The distributional data show that all species, except for one, have microendemic distributions, with some sibling species occurring within a few kilometers of each other. Because of the age of this group of species, they appear to have spread throughout the region of the Arnhem sandstone plateau and then back-colonized the same habitats so that as many as three morphologically and genetically distinct species may co-occur syntopically. Our research has uncovered a new genus-level taxon of the family Amphisopidae, Kakadubeh gen. nov. This new genus is unlike Eophreatoicus, not only in its general appearance, but also in having an inferred reproductive strategy different from most of the other members of the family. While Eophreatoicus species have males that are much larger than the females and practice precopula, a form of pre-insemination mate guarding, males of the new species, Kakadubeh rangemyahwurd sp. nov., are much smaller than females. In addition, males of this species have a fourth walking leg that is not specialized for holding females, suggesting that they have a reproductive strategy that does not involve precopula of the form seen in Eophreatoicus and Eremisopus Wilson & Keable, 2002a. Most of our research has been undertaken in Kakadu National Park, although recent collections have been made in Arnhem Land, yielding additional distinctive species. Given the size of unexplored territory around the Arnhem Plateau and the geographic frequency of discovering new species, we predict that the diversity of this group in the Northern Territory may be many more than the ~35 species described here. At this time, these microendemic isopods appear to be unthreatened by human activities, largely owing to the environmental protection afforded by Kakadu National Park and Arnhem Land, and their cryptic habits during the dry season. Because they are dependent on small springs of permanent groundwater, future changes in hydrology owing to water use and climate change, as well as invasive introduced species, may present risks to populations and species.
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Marcot, Bruce G., Sergei S. Ganzei, Tiefu Zhang, and Boris A. Voronov. "A sustainable plan for conserving forest biodiversity in far East Russia and northeast China." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73565-5.
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An ongoing, trinational project is providing the first environmentally sustainable economic development plan for the Ussuri River watershed (URW) in Far East Russia and northeast China. The URW is host to a unique mix of northern taiga and southern subtropical biota, and contains many endemic, relict, and highly threatened species of plants and animals. In Russia, severe monetary inflation and a shift to a market economy have left some aspects of forest biodiversity in jeopardy, particularly policing for wildlife poachers, regulating CITES (international wildlife trafficking) violations, ensuring long-term sustained production of timber and non-timber forest products, protecting unique habitats, and adequately staffing scientific reserves and funding needed research. In China, broad scale conversion of remaining wetlands to agriculture and rice paddies, and of diverse native forests to intensively managed, monocultural plantations, is helping to sustain the economy but is sacrificing biodiversity. A proposed sustainable land use plan has (1) mapped resource use areas, including both proposed and existing transborder nature areas, (2) encouraged foreign investment in both countries, and (3) encouraged sustainable development of natural resource markets that will be compatible with long-term conservation of biodiversity. A hallmark of this plan is integrating the needs of the people with the capacity of the land through both environmental protection and wise resource use. Key words: Russia, China, Far East, Ussuri River watershed, biodiversity, sustainable, land use plan, wildlife
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Peck, Kristen, Alastair Franke, Nicolas Lecomte, and Joël Bêty. "Nesting habitat selection and distribution of an avian top predator in the Canadian Arctic." Arctic Science 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2017-0048.
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Detecting and planning for ecosystem changes from climate and land-use alteration is limited by uncertainty about the current distribution of many species. This is exacerbated in remote areas like the Arctic, where the impacts of climate change are the strongest and where industrial exploration and development are expanding. Using remotely-sensed environmental information and known nest sites, we estimated the breeding distribution and habitat selection of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) throughout most of Nunavut, a massive northern Canadian territory (>1.8 M km2) encompassing ∼15% of the world’s tundra biome. Our results show that peregrine falcons selected features of prior known importance such as rugged topography, but also sites with higher than average summer temperatures, more productive land classes, lower mean elevations, and lower mean summer precipitation. Our model identifies several areas of high relative probability of peregrine occurrence, some of which were unrecognized to date. Some of these areas may be targets for future industrial developments and are located in an area where some of the fastest climate changes are expected. Our model will allow managers to identify the areas that could be the most critical for monitoring in the context of future development and climate change.
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Chibilev, A. A., A. A. Sokolov, and O. S. Rudneva. "On the efficiency of natural agro-potentsial use in the steppe regions of European Russia." Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, no. 4 (August 28, 2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019424-30.
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Main aspects of optimizing the use of natural agro-potential of the steppe zone of European Russia are considered taking into account the available natural and socio-economic resources. The study was carried out by comparing the actual and biopotential yield of grain crops as key agricultural crops of the European Russia’s steppe zone. About half of the Russian grain harvest takes place in this area. Areas with different efficiency of agro-potentsial use were identified using the method of spatial expert assessments. The first group includes areas with optimal efficiency of agricultural land use, where the actual yield is close to biopotential. In the second group there are areas with average efficiency, the actual yield is more than 75% of the biopotential. The third group includes areas with low efficiency. The actual yield is less biopotential in this area. Most of the territory of the European Russia’s steppe zone is characterized by low efficiency of agricultural environmental management. There are significant areas of productive arable land, the biological potential of which is not used rationally due to organizational and economic difficulties. The current level of management does not reveal the potential of cultivated soils in each region. Methods and culture of agriculture may differ significantly within the same farm, which leads to variations in actual yields, while reserves increase the actual yield can be up to 50% of its current level. In turn, the identified features can serve as the basis for the development of geographically differentiated programs of rural areas’ integrated development in the steppe zone of European Russia.
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TROFIMOV, I., L. TROFIMOVA, E. YAKOVLEVA, N. RYBALSKY, V. SNAKIN, A. SHPEDT, and YU SEMENOV. "LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICALLY DIFFERENTIATED RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE OF THE ANGARA-LENA MOUNTAIN PROVINCE OF EASTERN SIBERIA." LIFE OF THE EARTH 43, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2024.0514-7468.2020_43_2/185-194.
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The spatial distribution of biological and ecological patterns in the Angara-Lena mountain province in Eastern Siberia is characterized according to the data of agroland- scape and ecological zoning of forage lands to assess the potential, sustainable agricultural nature management and environmental protection in the region. The province occupies area of 12 451.7 thousand hectares in the southern taiga zone and covers the Angara-Lena plateau (with 800-1460 m altitudes) and the low-mountain Primorsky Ridge. Most of the province territory (about 83%) is occupied by mountain forests. The area of agricultural land is 5% of the total area (including arable lands 2.7%, hayfields 0.7%, and pastures 1.5%). Significant areas of larch, mixed, birch forests of low mountains with a grass cover of large grasses (mountain crayfish, mixed-leaved bodyak, forest geranium, northern bedstraw, bathhouse species) and cereals (Langsdorf weinwort, spreading bor, sod pike, etc.) are used for grazing. The ecological state of the landscapes is tense, and tense and heavy for thearable. Agriculture and plant growing riskiness is highlighted according to natural and climate region features, especially erosion increasing as a result of agriculture. Simultaneously, however, the richest natural resources in the province, including fodder ones, are perspective for agriculture development.
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Trofymenko, P., T. Tretyak, Yu Bezgodkova, N. Trofimenko, and V. Zatserkovnyi. "Development and use of gis database for tasks of normative monetary evaluation of land of settlements." Zemleustrìj, kadastr ì monìtorìng zemelʹ, no. 4 (October 27, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2021.04.06.
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The paper presents the results of research on the development of a GIS database for the tasks of normative monetary valuation of lands of settlements and highlights the applied aspects of its use on the example of Lychanka village, Dmytriv territorial community, Bucha district, Kyiv region. An algorithm for developing a GIS database for normative monetary valuation of settlement lands is presented. The presented estimation algorithm allows to carry out with high accuracy normative monetary estimation of settlements, to carry out its automated updating on a certain date, to receive necessary information on request, to carry out analytical operations and construction of specialized estimation maps. The development of the GIS database involved the implementation of two stages. At the first stage of formation of the initial land assessment base, the attribute table included data from the Public Cadastral Map of Ukraine on land plots within the settlement by the following items: cadastral number of land plot, area, form of ownership, purpose and functional use of land plot , the number of the cadastral zone in which each land is located, the number of the land assessment area of the settlement, the value of the base value of land, the value of the zonal coefficient (Km2), the coefficient characterizing the functional purpose of the land (Kf), information on the location (street name). The second stage involved the calculation of the value of the normative monetary valuation of each of the 1279 land plots and was performed using the built-in Arc Map function "Calculation of numerical values". After the development of the GIS database, the testing stage of the developed land assessment database was performed, which involved the use of various query execution, geospatial analysis, the use of buffering functions, topological overlay (intersection). As a result of the analysis, the following maps were constructed: "Influence of local factors on the distance of land from the center of the settlement", "Influence of local factors on the distance of land from highways", "Influence of local factors on the environmental situation", "Influence of local factors on security electricity", "Influence of local factors on the distance from paved roads", "Influence of local factors on the provision of centralized water supply", "Influence of local factors on the provision of centralized sewerage", "Influence of local factors on the provision of centralized gas supply", "Map plots according to the results of normative monetary assessment" , "Map of the establishment of buffer zones by the value of local coefficients" , "Map of coastal protection strips around water bodies with the allocation of zones of their intersection with land". Due to the application of special functions of geospatial analysis available in the GIS environment, examples of development of highly informative cartographic materials in the form of special pricing zoning of the territory of the settlement are shown. The expediency of the application of the GIS database for the tasks of monitoring the quality of land, compliance with their legal regime and the possibility of monitoring the implementation of fiscal obligations by landowners and users.
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Österlin, Carl, Peter Schlyter, and Ingrid Stjernquist. "Different Worldviews as Impediments to Integrated Nature and Cultural Heritage Conservation Management: Experiences from Protected Areas in Northern Sweden." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 26, 2020): 3533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093533.
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In the management of protected nature areas, arguments are being raised for increasingly integrated approaches. Despite an explicit ambition from the responsible managing governmental agencies, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and Swedish National Heritage Board, attempts to initiate and increase the degree of integrated nature and cultural heritage conservation management in the Swedish mountains are failing. The delivery of environmental policy through the Swedish National Environmental Objective called Magnificent Mountains is dependent on increased collaboration between the state and local stakeholders. This study, using a group model building approach, maps out the system’s dynamic interactions between nature perceptions, values and the objectives of managing agencies and local stakeholders. It is identified that the dominance of a wilderness discourse influences both the objectives and management of the protected areas. This wilderness discourse functions as a barrier against including cultural heritage conservation aspects and local stakeholders in management, as wilderness-influenced objectives are defining protected areas as environments “untouched” by humans. A wilderness objective reduces the need for local knowledge and participation in environmental management. In reality, protected areas depend, to varying degrees, on the continuation of traditional land-use practices.
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Dawson, Malcolm. "Some aspects of the development of short-rotation coppice willow for biomass in Northern Ireland." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007557.
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SynopsisWork on short-rotation coppice willow as an alternative and renewable energy source began in Northern Ireland in the mid-1970s, prompted by the massive rise in oil prices during that period. Although in the short run oil prices have dropped in real terms, interest in short-rotation coppice willow has ben sustained because of the potential role it has in the development of agriculture, particularly in marginal areas. This is particularly relevant in the current situation of over production of a wide range of agricultural commodities within the European Community and the moves to reduce Government support in the form of farm and export subsidies.Although Salix cultivars have yielded in excess of 30 tonnes dry matter (DM) ha−1 annually under experimental conditions, it is considered that 10–12 tonnes DM ha−1 is a sustainable commercial yield.Melampsora spp. rust has emerged as one of the most important factors limiting the development of short-rotation coppice as a commercial crop. For economic and environmental reasons, the application of fungicide for rust control is not a possibility. Consequently, other disease control strategies have to be established. The main focus of this work is in the selection, for suitability for coppice application, of the widening range of genetic material becoming available from breeding programmes in Canada, Sweden and Finland with a view to their incorporation into mixed stands.End product utilisation is considered a priority area for investigation if short-rotation coppice is to make a contribution to land use and the development of agriculture in marginal areas. Currently two potential end uses are being investigated: firstly fractionation – to produce cellulose for paper manufacture, hemi-cellulose for the production of molasses and lignin for further processing into other industrial chemicals, and secondly the simultaneous generation of heat and power using gasification – ‘combined heat and power’.