Journal articles: 'Land use – Canada – Planning'

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Dunster, Julian A. "Land use planning in Canada." Land Use Policy 5, no. 1 (January 1988): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(88)90011-7.

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Payne, R. J., and R. Graham. "An Assessment of Northern Land Use Planning in Canada." Journal of Canadian Studies 22, no. 3 (August 1987): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.22.3.35.

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Vaughan, Mathew V., Jeremy Pittman, Sara Epp, and Wayne Caldwell. "Cannabis production and land use planning: A literature review." Canadian Planning and Policy / Aménagement et politique au Canada 2021 (May 26, 2021): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/cpp-apc.v2021i01.14093.

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Cannabis production standards are evolving with little understanding of their implications on land use planning. Health Canada currently administers a federally-regulated licensing system that does not address odour and light pollution land use impacts across the rural landscape. This literature review addresses the regulatory history of cannabis production in Canada, reviews current production standards, and compares possible cannabis production conflicts with documented land use conflicts from other odourous and light intensive operations to reveal flaws in the existing licensing system. Established cannabis production markets will be examined for further comparisons.

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Pearsell, Grant, and George Mulamoottil. "Wetland boundary and land-use planning in southern Ontario, Canada." Environmental Management 18, no. 6 (November 1994): 865–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02393616.

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Kuiper, Gabrielle. "Snapshots of integrated transport and land use planning in Canada." Australian Planner 43, no. 3 (September 2006): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2006.9982499.

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Saarinen, O. W. "Provincial Land Use Planning Initiatives in the Town of Kapuskasing." Urban History Review 10, no. 1 (October 30, 2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019152ar.

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Kapuskasing, Ontario warrants special mention in the history of Canadian land use planning. The town first acquired special prominence immediately following World War I when it was the site of the first provincially-planned resource community in Canada. The early layout of the settlement reflected the imprints of both the "city beautiful" and "garden city" movements. After 1958, the resource community then became the focus for an important experiment in urban "fringe" rehabilitation at Brunetville, a suburban area situated just east of the planned Kapuskasing townsite. The author suggests that the role of the Brunetville experiment in helping to change the focus of urban renewal in Canada from redevelopment to rehabilitation has not been fully appreciated.

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Woudsma, Clarence, and Paul Jakubicek. "Logistics land use patterns in metropolitan Canada." Journal of Transport Geography 88 (October 2020): 102381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.01.001.

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Kidd, Scott, and A. John Sinclair. "The urban public and forest land-use planning: Tapping into the majority." Forestry Chronicle 83, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc83221-2.

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Canadians desire involvement in forest management at normative or early planning phases. One way of accomplishing this is through meaningful public involvement in land-use planning efforts. The Provinces of Ontario and Manitoba have, respectively, completed or are completing the development of land use plans for large areas of forested landscapes. Both governments identified public participation as being an integral part of these processes. This paper examines how well these processes promoted participation by the general public, the vast majority of which resides in urban areas located outside the respective planning regions. It is determined that in both cases this was poorly done. Reasons are given for why and how increased participation by the urban public should be pursued. Key words: public involvement, land-use planning, forest management, urban centres, Lands for Life, East Side Planning Initiative, Canada

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Dorries, Heather. "Planning for Coexistence? Recognizing Indigenous Rights Through Land-use Planning in Canada and Australia." Planning Theory & Practice 19, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2018.1446382.

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Novikov, A. V. "Land Tenure Planning in Order to Develop Territories of Traditional Natural Resource Use: Experience of Canada." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 4 (July 21, 2021): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2021-4-169-179.

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The article studies issues of land tenure planning for implementation of projects aimed at industrial development of the Arctic. Using the example of Northern provinces of Canada it shows evolution of land tenure strategic planning, analyzes its role in social and economic development of the territory. It is shown that involvement of aboriginal people of the North in the process of planning the use of land, forest and other natural resources can lower conflicts among land users, mining companies and the local population, protect territories of traditional land tenure in places of residence and traditional natural resource use of aborigine people and create necessary conditions for the development of traditional types of activity and sustainable space development of the Arctic. Canadian experience of land tenure planning in development of Arctic territories in the area of aboriginal people residence can be used in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation to balance interests of concerned parties, i.e. local bodies of power, business and aboriginal people of the North.

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Mandal, U. K., and K. Kumari. "GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN LOCAL LEVEL LAND USE PLANNING IN NEPAL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W6 (July 26, 2019): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w6-409-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Even though planning process particularly economic development plan and its implementation in Nepal has been initiated with first five-year plan in 1952/54, land resource planning was overshadowed and only regional level data base on land use, land system and land capability were produced by Land Resource Mapping Project in 1983/84 and made available for planners and decision makers for sectoral planning in regional scale. During past, different policies and national planning efforts were made for balanced use of country’s existing natural resources but Nepal has not practiced land-use planning for the country as a whole at local level. It is initiated only after ninth five year plan (1997&ndash;2002) with the establishment of National Land Use Project under Ministry of Land Reform and Management and formulation of National Land Use Policy 2013 and its revision in 2015 after devastating earthquake. Land use council, Land use technical committee, District level land use monitoring committee and VDC/municipality level land use committee are institutional set ups for implementing planning works done by National Land Use Project at district and local levels. Resource maps produced by different international agency associated with India, Canada, USA, Japan and Finland were worked as basis for formulation of local level land use plans. Presently National Land Use Project (NLUP) has prepared land resources maps, geo-database and reports covering almost half of total VDCs of the country moreover in Terai region. Seven components of land resources management required for local level land use planning are present land use map, soil map, land capability map, hazard risk map, land use zoning map, cadastral superimpose on land use zoning map along with its geo-database and report except VDC profile. In first time, geospatial technology-RS, GIS and GPS were extensively applied in preparation of all these resource maps and creation of their geo-database for local level land use planning.</p>

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Booth, Annie L., and Bruce R. Muir. "Environmental and Land-Use Planning Approaches of Indigenous Groups in Canada: An Overview." Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 13, no. 4 (December 2011): 421–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1523908x.2011.635881.

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Wideman, Trevor J. "Property, waste, and the “unnecessary hardship” of land use planning in Winnipeg, Canada." Urban Geography 41, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 865–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2019.1698866.

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Azad, Abul, and Xin Wang. "Land Use Change Ontology and Traffic Prediction through Recurrent Neural Networks: A Case Study in Calgary, Canada." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 6 (May 23, 2021): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10060358.

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Land use and transportation planning have a significant impact on the performance of cities’ traffic conditions and the quality of people’s lives. The changing characteristics of land use will affect and challenge how a city is able to manage, organize, and plan for new developments and transportation. These challenges can be better addressed with effective methods of monitoring and predicting, which can enable optimal efficiency in how a growing city like Calgary, Canada, can perform. Using ontology in land use planning is a new initiative currently being researched and explored. In this regard, ontology incorporates relationships between the various entities of land use. The aim of this study is to present Land Use Change Ontology (LUCO) with a deep neural network for traffic prediction. We present a Land Use Change Ontology (LUCO) approach, using expressions of how the semantics of land use changes relate to the integration of temporal land use information. This study examines the City of Calgary’s land use data from the years 2001, 2010, and 2015. In applying the LUCO approach to test data, experimental outcomes indicated that from 2001 to 2015 residential land use increased by 30% and open space decreased by 40%. Forecasting traffic is increasingly essential for successful traffic modelling, operations, and management. However, traditional means for predicting traffic flow have largely assumed restrictive model architectures that have not controlled for the amounts of land use change. Inspired by deep learning methods and effective data mining computing capabilities, this paper introduces the deep learning Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to predict traffic while considering the impact of land use change. The RNN was successful in learning the features of traffic flow under various land use change situations. Experimental results indicated that, with the consideration of LUCO, the deep learning predictors had better accuracy when compared with other existing models. Success of our modeling approach indicates that cities could apply this modeling approach to make land use transportation planning more efficient.

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LeBlanc, R. J., C. J. Allain, S. Downe, N. Pond, and P. J. Laughton. "A unique, environmentally sustainable and cost– effective programme to re-vegetate military training lands utilising composted wastewater biosolids at a large Canadian military training centre." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 9 (November 1, 2006): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.875.

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The Greater Moncton Sewerage Commission has developed, in concert with National Defence Canada, an environmentally sustainable and cost effective biosolids management and land reclamation programme at the Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Gagetown, New Brunswick, Canada (the second largest land based Military Training Facility in the British Commonwealth). The use of composted biosolids to re-vegetate military training lands is thought to be a unique application for the beneficial use of biosolids. Results and practical experience gained from this approach to successfully re-vegetate initial sections of extremely large and vast tracts of these lands are described. The paper also overviews the Commission's modern 115 000 m3.d−1 advanced, chemically assisted primary wastewater treatment facility and associated alkaline (lime) sludge stabilisation process. Planning strategies, security aspects, special and unique challenges in operating adjacent to an active military training facility, costs, spreading techniques, monitoring, next steps and conclusions are also presented.

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Burger, Dys, and Geoffrey Pierpoint. "Trends in Forest Site and Land Classification in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66091-2.

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Classification trends during the past 60 years to serve different management needs are reviewed. These trends include the adaptation of European vegetation typology to Canadian conditions, the delineation of regions meaningful to forest management, the classification of forest ecosystems relevant to silviculture and of broader landscapes appropriate for integrated resource management and, finally, prime-site classification combining land features and technologic and socio-economic criteria to serve modern rationalization of management. Key words: Site classification, land classification, ecosystem classification, vegetation typology, ecological regions, forest ecology, land use planning, Canada.

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McClung, D. M. "Risk-based definition of zones for land-use planning in snow avalanche terrain." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 1030–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t05-041.

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For avalanche applications, the definition of zones for land-use planning typically involves estimates of both return period and impact pressures as functions of position in the runout zone. Since return period is related to expected avalanche frequency and impact pressure is related to consequences if structures are hit, zone specifications imply a risk-based approach. In this paper, the schemes for definition of zones from three countries (Switzerland, Canada, and Austria) are presented and compared from a mathematical, risk-based framework. The comparison reveals that the Swiss standard is the least conservative and the Austrian standard is the most conservative.Key words: risk, snow avalanches, zoning, return period.

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Chisholm, Stewart. "The growing role of citizen engagement in urban naturalization: The case of Canada." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426219.

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The author (MA, MCIP, RPP) co-manages Evergreen's Common Grounds program which focuses on the protection and restoration of public lands in urban areas. He has a Master's degree in urban planning from the University of Waterloo, a Bachelor's Degree in resource geography from the University of Victoria , and he is a full member of the Canadian Institute of Planners. Over the past five years, he has developed urban greening resources for land use professionals and community groups including a national grant program, guidebooks, research reports, municipal policy guidelines and case studies. He has also developed and led professional training workshops for public land managers and other municipal officials on partnership approaches for protecting and stewarding urban green spaces. Prior to joining Evergreen, Stewart worked in the private and public sectors leading a variety of land-use planning, environmental assessment and resource conservation projects. Mr Chisholm has written journal articles and presented papers at national and international conferences including the Canadian Institute of Planners (2002) and the Society for Ecological Restoration (2001). The paper that follows is based on a presentation that he gave at the international symposion on "The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.

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Fenge, Terry. "Conservation of Polar Bear Pass, Bathurst Island, and the Emerging Comprehensive Conservation Policy for Northern Canada." Environmental Conservation 12, no. 3 (1985): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900015964.

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During 1975 to 1984, a particularly divisive debate accompanied proposals to conserve Polar Bear Pass, NWT. Virtually all interests that participated in the debate supported a more comprehensive approach towards conservation of natural areas than had hitherto prevailed, and criticized the ad hoc manner in which conservation proposals were being handled by the Federal Government of Canada.Chastened by the experience with Polar Bear Pass, and suffering land-use allocation problems in many locations, the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development responded with a Northern Land-use Planning Policy (Diand, 1981a, 1981b), and is now developing a comprehensive conservation policy.Future conservation reserves in northern Canada are likely to be established as a result of regional land-use planning. It is important, however, that conservation of natural areas in both Territories support northern political development and devolution of resource management authority to northern governments, and settlement of landclaims made by native peoples.

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Wassenaer, P. J. E. van, L. Schaeffer, and W. A. Kenney. "Strategic planning in urban forestry: A 21st century paradigm shift for small town Canada." Forestry Chronicle 76, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc76241-2.

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The pressures created by urban sprawl are leading to a reduction in forested land in Canada and North America. Poorly controlled land-use planning contributes to the haphazard urbanization of many small communities within commuting distance of major urban centres. Urban forests are largely ignored as an asset and the potential benefits they can offer to communities are often not acknowledged in the planning process. Relatively few communities across Canada have any form of urban forest management. A new definition of the urban forest is proposed that recognizes the need for an ecosystem approach to urban forest management and the integral role that humans play in that ecosystem. To facilitate the implementation of urban forest management plans in small communities, a simple strategic planning framework is presented. Using this approach, many small towns can maintain their rural character and benefit from a wealth of environmental, social and economic benefits. Key words: urban forestry, community planning, forest benefits, strategic planning, ecosystem approach, forest fragmentation

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Leffers, Donald. "Real estate developers’ influence of land use legislation in the Toronto region: An institutionalist investigation of developers, land conflict and property law." Urban Studies 55, no. 14 (November 9, 2017): 3059–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017736426.

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This paper investigates the role of real estate developers in shaping land use legislation, land use planning and property law. The conceptual framework draws on third-phase institutionalism and socio-legal theory to examine actors and ideas that influence knowledge and practices of land use, planning and property. This paper confronts absences in planning theory that overlook the role of real estate developers in disputes over land, especially their role in shaping the legislative framework governing land use. The argument is that property law is not simply an objective system of rules interpreted by lawyers, judges and the courts. Neither is it a singular concept protecting private property rights. Rather, it is a complex concept and institution that emerges in practice through political processes, such as social movements, the exercise of power and influence by elite actors, and strategic acts by political actors navigating diverse and competing agendas. The empirical evidence informing this argument derives from case study research of land conflicts on the Oak Ridges Moraine in the Toronto region, Canada, with particular attention given to the relationship between real estate developers, social movement actors, and politicians involved in resolving the conflict.

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Fligg, Robert A., Brian Ballantyne, and Derek T. Robinson. "Informality within Indigenous land management: A land-use study at Curve Lake First Nation, Canada." Land Use Policy 112 (January 2022): 105786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105786.

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Robinson, M. P., and M. M. Ross. "Traditional land use and occupancy studies and their impact on forest planning and management in Alberta." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 596–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73596-5.

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Canada is an international leader in the methodology of traditional land use and occupancy mapping as a result of the negotiation process for settling comprehensive land claims in the North. Since the early 1980s this methodology has found increasing application in the Canadian mid-North, especially in the context of forest planning and management in the northern Alberta Forest Management Agreement (FMA) areas. The goals of traditional land use and occupancy mapping in these FMAs include collection and preservation of traditional environmental knowledge, integration of this knowledge into forest planning and management and, for the Aboriginal communities, active participation in decision-making processes in order to attain sustainable forest management. While the first goal is often met in mapping projects, goals two and three are proving harder to achieve because of conflicting government policy agendas, differing paradigms of community development in society at large, and the lack of recognition and legal protection for Treaty and Aboriginal rights. Key words: traditional land use and occupancy studies, traditional environmental knowledge, bush economy, co-management

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Thompson, Ian D. "Could marten become the spotted owl of eastern Canada?" Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67136-2.

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Conservation of spotted owl habitat in western North America illustrates the difficult decisions that must be taken and the conflicts that can arise in land-use planning. In eastern North America, spotted owls are absent but marten, an animal species which prefers old-growth forest, has become rare in some areas as a result of habitat loss. The marten is a threatened species in Newfoundland, exists in small numbers in Nova Scotia, and has been extirpated in Prince Edward Island. Lack of long-term integrated forest resource planning, short rotations, and silvicultural practices that produce sub-optimal habitat may eliminate the species in Atlantic Canada. Two cases are discussed from Newfoundland and New Brunswick where unbalanced forest age structures suggest a bleak future for the marten. Other larger jurisdictions in Canada should closely examine their forest land management plans in view of the Atlantic experience.

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Parsons, Reginald, and Gordon Prest. "Aboriginal forestry in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79779-4.

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Many factors influence forestry in Canada; one gaining prominence is the practice of Aboriginal forestry. "What is Aboriginal forestry?" and "What are the driving forces behind Aboriginal forestry advancement?" are questions that are addressed in this paper. Aboriginal forestry can be seen as sustainable forest land use practices that incorporate the cultural protocols of the past with interactions between the forest ecosystem and today's Aboriginal people for generations unborn. Aboriginal forestry combines the strengths of current forest management models with traditional cultural Aboriginal forest practice. Aboriginal forestry practice is more than just following a prescription outlining when, where, and how to harvest, but prescribes how a respectful relationship with the natural world can be developed. There have been several factors driving Aboriginal forestry: forest certification, landmark court cases on Aboriginal rights and title, meaningful consultation and accommodation of potential infringements upon Aboriginal rights, modern treaty-making processes, and modern comprehensive and specific claims and treaty land entitlements. These lead to greater recognition and involvement of Aboriginal people in forestry. Key words: Aboriginal forestry, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), community consultation, forest certification systems, forest management planning, Aboriginal forest values, Aboriginal worldview, Aboriginal and treaty rights.

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GRANDMONT, KATERINE, JEFFREY A. CARDILLE, DANIEL FORTIER, and TANIA GIBÉRYEN. "ASSESSING LAND SUITABILITY FOR RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN PERMAFROST REGIONS: A MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH TO LAND-USE PLANNING IN NORTHERN QUEBEC, CANADA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 14, no. 01 (March 2012): 1250003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333212500032.

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Northern Quebec (Nunavik) presents an important intersection between population growth and climate change. The Inuit population of Nunavik has the fastest growth rate in any region of Canada. Land-use planning is an urgent and pressing need for northern communities built on permafrost, where there are considerable risks to development in areas where permafrost may thaw. As northern communities work to adapt to climate changes, they will be in great need of confident recommendations about locations of future development projects. This paper presents a case-study of the community of Tasiujaq and assesses the probability of thaw settlement of the surface, a process seriously affecting infrastructure stability. A method is developed for quantifying uncertainty in the resulting map, expressed as a function of judgmentbased uncertainty in the various factors that can influence eventual map quality. The best estimate of vulnerability and of the confidence in that estimate can be expressed in a single, simple map that allows an analyst to convey both of these vital aspects of the assessment process.

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Forcey, G. M., G. M. Linz, W. E. Thogmartin, and W. J. Bleier. "Influence of land use and climate on wetland breeding birds in the Prairie Pothole region of Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, no. 3 (February 2007): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-005.

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Bird populations are influenced by a variety of factors at both small and large scales that range from the presence of suitable nesting habitat, predators, and food supplies to climate conditions and land-use patterns. We evaluated the influences of regional climate and land-use variables on wetland breeding birds in the Canada section of Bird Conservation Region 11 (CA-BCR11), the Prairie Potholes. We used bird abundance data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, land-use data from the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration, and weather data from the National Climatic Data and Information Archive to model effects of regional environmental variables on bird abundance. Models were constructed a priori using information from published habitat associations in the literature, and fitting was performed with WinBUGS using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Both land-use and climate variables contributed to predicting bird abundance in CA-BCR11, although climate predictors contributed the most to improving model fit. Examination of regional effects of climate and land use on wetland birds in CA-BCR11 revealed relationships with environmental covariates that are often overlooked by small-scale habitat studies. Results from these studies can be used to improve conservation and management planning for regional populations of avifauna.

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Reed, M. G., and A. M. Gill. "Tourism, Recreational, and Amenity Values in Land Allocation: An Analysis of Institutional Arrangements in the Postproductivist Era." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 11 (November 1997): 2019–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a292019.

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In this paper, we examine the influence of institutional arrangements on the implementation of local land-use allocations which incorporate tourism, recreational, and amenity (TRA) values, using a case study from British Columbia, Canada. We frame this paper within a conceptualization of postproductivism and pose the question to what extent, and under what conditions, are new local stakeholders, new local agencies, and new local processes effective in allocating land uses which reflect TRA values? Three new land-use proposals which incorporate TRA values are examined to determine where key catalysts for implementation lie. We found that, unlike other research in rural areas of Britain, institutions in British Columbia that have conventionally regulated land use continue to exercise their considerable regulatory and discretionary powers. Though new stakeholders, agencies and processes at the local level have had an impact on planning, they have not been effective in reconfiguring the power structures for actual implementation of land reallocation. This lack of efficacy is attributed in part to the common property character of lands that support TRA values, the associated complexity of property rights regimes, and the large number of stakeholders involved. Furthermore, there is a lack of understanding by regulatory agencies of land resources as community resources, and these agencies continue to grant higher priority to the strategic considerations of higher levels of government rather than to local concerns.

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Mansuy, Nicolas, Hyejin Hwang, Ritikaa Gupta, Christa Mooney, Barbara Kishchuk, and Eric Higgs. "Forest Landscape Restoration Legislation and Policy: A Canadian Perspective." Land 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2022): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101747.

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Restoring degraded ecosystems is an urgent policy priority to regain ecological integrity, advance sustainable land use management, and mitigate climate change. This study examined current legislation and policies supporting forest landscape restoration (FLR) in Canada to assess its capacity to advance restoration planning and efforts. First, a literature review was performed to assess the policy dimension of FLR globally and across Canada. Then, a Canada-wide policy scan using national databases was conducted. While published research on ecological restoration has increased exponentially in Canada and globally since the early 1990s, our results showed that the policy dimensions of FLR remain largely under documented in the scientific literature, despite their key role in implementing effective restoration measures on the ground. Our analyses have identified over 200 policy instruments and show that Canada has developed science-based FLR policies and best practices driven by five main types of land use and extraction activities: (1) mining and oil and gas activities; (2) sustainable forest management; (3) environmental impact assessment; (4) protected areas and parks; and (5) protection and conservation of species at risk. Moreover, FLR policies have been recently added to the national climate change mitigation agenda as part of the nature-based solutions and the net-zero emission strategy. Although a pioneer in restoration, we argue that Canada can take a more targeted and proactive approach in advancing its restoration agenda in order to cope with a changing climate and increased societal demands for ecosystem services and Indigenous rights. Considering the multifunctional values of the landscape, the science–policy interface is critical to transform policy aspirations into realizable and quantifiable targets in conjunction with other land-use objectives and values.

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Tsin, Pak Keung, Anders Knudby, E. Scott Krayenhoff, Michael Brauer, and Sarah B. Henderson. "Land use regression modeling of microscale urban air temperatures in greater Vancouver, Canada." Urban Climate 32 (June 2020): 100636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2020.100636.

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Wang, Lei, Jia Jia, Yalin Zhai, Jiaxuan Wang, Chunlei Sheng, Zhongwei Jing, Hailong Yan, Jiyuan Fang, and Yunlong Yao. "Bibliometric Analysis of Black Soil Protection from the Perspective of Land-Use Monitoring." Land 12, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010086.

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Land use affects ecosystem stability and agricultural ecological security in black soil regions. Additional attention is required regarding the impact of different land-use patterns on black soil. However, the construction of sustainable agricultural ecological security in black soil environments is a dynamic process that depends on the reviews of experts and statistical analyses of literature data. This study quantitatively reviewed the past 20 years of the literature regarding black soil. Using the superposition of the expert knowledge map and machine clustering, knowledge regarding land use in black soil fields was classified structurally. Further, studies directly related to the spatiotemporal pattern of land use were identified, and frequently cited works of the literature were screened to build a dynamic knowledge network of black soil research. The results show that (1) the cooperative relationship among China, the United States, and Canada is the strongest, but the density of cooperation networks between other countries is low; (2) land-use research regarding black soil is divided into four research areas: soil microbial community and activity, soil erosion and ecological processes, ecological management of land use, soil organic matter, and element cycling; (3) the monitoring and management mode of land use in black soil areas should be established to include information management that incorporates knowledge of the cultivated land factor potential, grain production capacity assessment, soil erosion evaluation and prediction, and farmland landscape planning.

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Durning, Matthew, and Craig Townsend. "Direct Ridership Model of Rail Rapid Transit Systems in Canada." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2537, no. 1 (January 2015): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2537-11.

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A direct ridership model for Canadian rail rapid transit systems is presented. The goal of the study was to produce a ridership model to evaluate the specific context of Canadian rapid transit: no comprehensive model existed. Data were collected for Canada's five largest cities, including 342 stations with an average weekday ridership of more than 3 million passengers. Using bootstrapped ordinary least squares regression with station boardings as the dependent variable and 44 socio economic, built environment, and system attributes as potential explanatory variables, which were chosen after a review of the direct ridership model literature, the study yielded one model with an adjusted R2value of .8033. The results are similar to those of models constructed in the United States with respect to densities, land uses, and station amenities, and socioeconomic variables do not appear to be significant. The absence of socioeconomic variables in the final model indicates that planners and policy makers have significant scope to exert influence over transit use through land use planning, design, and service features.

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Duerden, Frank, and Richard G. Kuhn. "Scale, context, and application of traditional knowledge of the Canadian north." Polar Record 34, no. 188 (January 1998): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400014959.

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AbstractThere is strong contemporary interest in the application of traditional environmental knowledge (TEK) of physical environments and land-use patterns in northern Canada. This interest relates to land claims, land-use planning, cultural preservation, resource management, and environmental monitoring. The application of TEK to land and resource management is critically examined and a typology relating scale, user group, and the transformation of knowledge is developed. Of the many challenges facing the incorporation of TEK in resource-management initiatives, perhaps the greatest is the recognition of the appropriateness of scale. The conclusions reached in this paper reaffirm the notion that scale and context are key components in maintaining the validity and integrity of TEK. The primary role of TEK appears to be with providing the most valid and intelligible interpretations of local geographies and prescribing locally appropriate resource-management strategies.

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LINDSAY, KATE M., CLARK P. SVRCEK, and DANIEL W. SMITH. "EVALUATION OF CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT INFRIENDS OF THE WEST COUNTRY ASSOCIATIONv.CANADAAND LAND USE PLANNING ALTERNATIVES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 04, no. 02 (June 2002): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s146433320200098x.

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In 1994, Sunpine Forest Products Ltd. sought permits from Alberta government to construct a permanent log hauling road and approvals from the federal government for construction of required bridges associated with the road. A concerned citizens group challenged the Federal Government's subsequent bridge approvals in court, claiming that cumulative effects assessment was not adequately conducted under Canadian Environmental Assessment Act. The original Sunpine court decision agreed with the citizen group that the federal government erred in law by not including related projects and adequately considering associated cumulative effects, sending the approval back to the federal government for reconsideration. Government regulators, industrial foresters, and environmental groups across Canada awaited the appeal to the Sunpine federal court decision. The Sunpine Appeal reversed the original position with much relief from industry and government. The Sunpine case raises important issues about how federal and provincial authorities address environmental impacts, uncertainty in scoping assessments, factors to be considered, and cumulative effect assessments. This paper evaluates the cumulative effects assessment processes followed in the Sunpine case study under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act within an analysis framework of comprehensiveness, fairness, efficiency, and effectiveness. Land use planning models, like the British Columbia land resource management plans and Mackenzie Valley Resource Management Act, offer alternative approaches to legislated cumulative effects processes. Sustainability may be better realised with a combination of strategic environmental assessment tools, utilising environmental assessment at the project-level within the context of a regional resource planning process.

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Cao, Cong, Suzana Dragićević, and Songnian Li. "Short-Term Forecasting of Land Use Change Using Recurrent Neural Network Models." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 28, 2019): 5376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195376.

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Land use change (LUC) is a dynamic process that significantly affects the environment, and various approaches have been proposed to analyze and model LUC for sustainable land use management and decision making. Recurrent neural network (RNN) models are part of deep learning (DL) approaches, which have the capability to capture spatial and temporal features from time-series data and sequential data. The main objective of this study was to examine variants of the RNN models by applying and comparing them when forecasting LUC in short time periods. Historical land use data for the City of Surrey, British Columbia, Canada were used to implement the several variants of the RNN models. The land use (LU) data for years 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011 were used to train the DL models to enable the short-term forecast for the year 2016. For the 2011 to 2016 period, only 4.5% of the land use in the study area had changed. The results indicate that an overall accuracy of 86.9% was achieved, while actual changes in each LU type were forecasted with a relatively lower accuracy. However, only 25% of changed raster cells correctly forecasted the land use change. This research study demonstrates that RNN models provide a suite of valuable tools for short-term LUC forecast that can inform and complement the traditional long-term planning process; however, further additional geospatial data layers and considerations of driving factors of LUC need to be incorporated for model improvements.

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Dare, Robert. "A Review of Local-Level Land Use Planning and Design Policy for Urban Heat Island Mitigation." Journal of Extreme Events 06, no. 03n04 (December 2019): 2050002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345737620500025.

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Addressing the urban heat island effect is critical in mitigating the threat of heat from the perspective of land use planning and design. This paper, therefore, presents a structured review of urban heat island mitigation policy that is contained in the local-level planning policy documents and regulation of 20 large municipalities throughout the United States and Canada. It explores how the issue of the urban heat island effect is framed and approached and, therewith, facilitates an understanding of how aware municipalities are of the issue and its impacts. The review identifies a total of 307 instances of mitigation policy measures among 19 of the 20 municipalities, with the most commonly applied: approaches to mitigation being the promotion of latent heat flux, albedo modification, and provision of shade cover; and, framing contexts being public health, air quality, energy, comfort, and climate change. Although the review indicates that there is widespread awareness of the issue, it notes that only 79, or 25.7 percent, of the 307 mitigation policy measures were framed in any context. Thus, the majority of policy measures do not communicate an understanding of the significance and potential impacts of the urban heat island effect or provide a lens through which it should be perceived and, therewith, addressed. Indeed, they call for blind action. This suggests a need to promote awareness of the potential impacts of the urban heat island effect and communicate same in local planning policy documents and regulations.

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Agrawal, Sandeep, Cody Gretzinger, and Andrew Lowerre. "Trends, motivations, and land use outcomes of municipal annexation: A case of Alberta, Canada." Land Use Policy 112 (January 2022): 105775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105775.

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Bertazzon, Stefania, Isabelle Couloigner, and Fox E. Underwood. "Spatial land use regression of nitrogen dioxide over a 5-year interval in Calgary, Canada." International Journal of Geographical Information Science 33, no. 7 (February 27, 2019): 1335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2019.1578885.

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MacLean, David A., Peter Etheridge, Joe Pelham, and Walter Emrich. "Fundy Model Forest: Partners in sustainable forest management." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75219-2.

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Scenario planning was used to develop a consensus-based, multi-stakeholder management planning process for a 114 000 ha land base in New Brunswick, Canada. This is part of the Fundy Model Forest, which involves four major landowner groups, along with 26 other Partnership organizations. Public consultation and Partnership input were used to define 25 scenarios, determining effects of alternative means of riparian strip management, road construction, vegetation and insect control, harvesting, maintenance of biodiversity, and plantation establishment. The Woodstock forest modelling software was used to determine effects of each scenario on timber supply, forest structure, measures of biodiversity and ecological integrity, areas of mature forest, and wildlife habitat. In a series of workshops, the Partners were successful in reaching consensus on a Fundy Model Forest "preferred" management scenario, which was conveyed to the land managers for implementation. Development of the management planning process and the use of scenario planning procedures in the Fundy Model Forest are described. Key words: scenario planning, sustainable forest management, Fundy Model Forest, timber supply, biodiversity

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Ingram, Gordon Brent. "Unresolved Legacies." UnderCurrents: Journal of Critical Environmental Studies 16 (January 1, 2007): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/2292-4736/40355.

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In Canada, aboriginal legacies in landscapes and their implications for land use planning for biodiversity conservation remain poorly acknowledged. Similarly, inter-cultural conversations on values about and priorities for biological resources and habitat protection remain under-developed. This essay begins with a rhetorical question. Will it be possible to forge successful ecosystem recovery strategies, to maintain all elements of local biological diversity through land use planning, without far deeper cognizance of the aboriginal legacies in Canadian landscapes? I do not think so. This discussion, from the drier enclaves on the south coast of British Columbia, centres on a federally funded ecosystem recovery team in the first four years of its operation from 1999 to 2003 and the near total lack of outreach to, and engagement with, aboriginal people and First Nations. These were the same years as the final phase of development of Canada’s relatively weak Species At Risk Act (SARA).2

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McLeod, Fraser, Leela Viswanathan, Jared Macbeth, and Graham S. Whitelaw. "Getting to Common Ground: A Comparison of Ontario, Canada’s Provincial Policy Statement and the Auckland Council Regional Policy Statement with Respect to Indigenous Peoples." Urban Planning 2, no. 1 (April 3, 2017): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v2i1.850.

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Indigenous rights are crucial to contemporary land use planning and policy in settler states. This article comparatively analyzes the manifest and latent content of the 2014 Provincial Policy Statement of Ontario, Canada (PPS) and the 1999 Auckland Council Regional Policy Statement of Aotearoa New Zealand (ACRPS) in order to evaluate their relative capacity to recognize the rights of Indigenous peoples. While the results show that jurisdiction is an impediment to fostering common ground between Indigenous peoples and settler states, the authors conclude that the PPS and the ACRPS serve vital roles in building dialogue and equitable planning outcomes.

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Armson, K. A. "The Mandate: Policies and Planning." Forestry Chronicle 61, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc61128-2.

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Policies are general plans of action. Yet they are incomplete if only partially implemented or not implemented at all. When so-called policies exist merely as statements of intent they are not policies.The development of policies respecting forests and wildlife in Canada reflects many factors. To a very large degree such development represents the perceptions by a society or segments of it concerning the subject matter of the policy. These perceptions are derived from a broad background—cultural, social, economic, political, historical and institutional. The degree to which these perceptions reflect an objective knowledge and understanding of the resources in question or a consensus as to the objectives of the policy are critical.Of particular concern to this meeting are the institutional and professional factors that impinge on the development of policies for forests and wildlife. It is argued that the major impediments to more effective management of forests and wildlife in Canadian jurisdictions are institutional and educational in origin and therefore capable of much greater correction by the professional and scientific community than heretofore acknowledged. Key words: land use planning, forest management policy.

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Ituen, Ima, and Baoxin Hu. "An Automatic and Operational Method for Land Cover Change Detection Using Spatiotemporal Analysis of MODIS Data: A Northern Ontario (Canada) Case Study." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10050325.

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Mapping and understanding the differences in land cover and land use over time is an essential component of decision-making in sectors such as resource management, urban planning, and forest fire management, as well as in tracking of the impacts of climate change. Existing methods sometimes pose a barrier to the effective monitoring of changes in land cover and land use, since a threshold parameter is often needed and determined based on trial and error. This study aimed to develop an automatic and operational method for change detection on a large scale from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Super pixels were the basic unit of analysis instead of traditional individual pixels. T2 tests based on the feature vectors of temporal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land surface temperature were used for change detection. The developed method was applied to data over a predominantly vegetated area in northern Ontario, Canada spanning 120,000 sq. km from 2001–2016. The accuracies ranged between 78% and 88% for the NDVI-based test, from 74% to 86% for the LST-based test, and from 70% to 86% for the joint method compared with manual interpretation. Our proposed method for detecting land cover change provides a functional and viable alternative to existing methods of land cover change detection as it is reliable, repeatable, and free from uncertainty in establishing a threshold for change.

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Zhuang, Zhixi Cecilia. "The Negotiation of Space and Rights: Suburban Planning with Diversity." Urban Planning 6, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i2.3790.

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The increasing suburbanization of immigrant settlement in Canada’s major receiving cities has created unprecedented challenges for municipalities. Despite emerging research about the rise of ethnic suburbs in Canada and abroad, the role of suburban municipalities in facilitating immigrant integration and planning with diversity remains unclear. Based on mixed-method ethnographic research, this article investigates how immigrant and racialized communities in the Greater Toronto Area have significantly transformed suburban places and built institutionally complete communities. However, the rapid development of these spaces has not been fully recognized or supported by municipal planning authorities. Conflicts related to land use, public engagement, and public realm development expose planning’s failure to keep pace with the diverse needs of immigrant communities, who must continually negotiate and fight for their use of space. Furthermore, the lack of effective civic engagement not only ignores immigrant and racialized communities as important stakeholders in suburban redevelopment, but also threatens to destroy the social infrastructure built by these communities and their ‘informal’ practices that are often not recognized by the planning ‘norm.’ Without appropriate community consultation, planning processes can further sideline marginalized groups. Lack of consultation also tends to prevent cooperation between groups, impeding the building of inclusive communities. It is imperative for municipalities to better understand and encourage community engagement and placemaking in ethnic suburbs. This study offers several recommendations for suburban planning with diversity.

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Haider, Azad, Wimal Rankaduwa, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain, and Farzana Shaheen. "Nexus between Agricultural Land Use, Economic Growth and N2O Emissions in Canada: Is There an Environmental Kuznets Curve?" Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 19, 2022): 8806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148806.

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The present study investigates the relationship between nitrous oxide emissions and economic growth using the ARDL bounds testing approach in Canada over the period of 1970–2020. The agricultural land use and exports are included in the estimated models as additional control variables. The empirical findings confirmed the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis when total N2O emissions are used as a dependent variable in the case of Canada, and similar results are found when we used agricultural induced N2O emissions as a dependent variable. The results also indicate that Canada is already in the decreasing segment of the Kuznets curve, and the turning point of GDP per capita for the total N2O emissions is $41,718, while for agricultural induced N2O emissions, it is $38,825. Our empirical evidence confirms that agricultural land use had a positive and significant effect on total N2O emissions, while a negative but insignificant effect in the case of agricultural induced N2O emissions. However, Canadian exports are negatively associated with total N2O emissions as well as agricultural induced N2O emissions, but it requires more stringent laws to curb N2O emissions-oriented exports to keep the ecosystem in balance in the short-run and intends to meet its long-term target of reducing emissions as it progresses towards Canada’s 2050 net-zero ambition.

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Ryder, John L., Philippa McNeil, Jeff Hamm, Wendy A. Nixon, Don Russell, and Shawn R. Francis. "An integrated assessment of Porcupine caribou seasonal distribution, movements, and habitat preferences for regional land use planning in northern Yukon Territory, Canada." Rangifer 27, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.27.4.353.

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This study was undertaken to improve understanding of Porcupine caribou herd distribution, movements, and habitat preferences to assist with developing a regional land use plan for the North Yukon Planning Region, Yukon Territory. Three different methods were used to identify current and historical patterns of caribou distribution and habitat preferences within the region to prioritize conservation areas. Two of the approaches focused on incorporating information on caribou distribution and migrations from scientific and local knowledge, while the third focused on identifying and mapping habitats suitable for supporting caribou. Local knowledge dating back to the 1930s and two decades of satellite telemetry data confirmed that most of the planning region is used by the Porcupine caribou herd and highlighted areas of concentrated use. Maps of suitable winter habitat derived from expert opinion ratings of habitat use did not agree with the other information sources. The local knowledge and satellite telemetry analyses were used to identify spatially explicit priority areas for caribou conservation and the results were applied to develop conservation recommendations for a draft regional land use plan. The plan will be submitted to government approval bodies for review in the spring of 2007. The success in implementing conservation strategies for the Porcupine caribou herd will be reviewed and evaluated following adoption of a final approved plan.

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Harshaw, H. W., S. R. J. Sheppard, and R. A. Kozak. "Outdoor recreation and forest management: A plea for empirical data." Forestry Chronicle 83, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc83231-2.

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For many people, outdoor recreation provides one of the main opportunities to experience, interact with, and learn about forested landscapes. Yet public recreation use of forests in Canada is not yet well understood; knowing more about this important forest stakeholder group would help to address aspects of social sustainability in forest management. Four considerations for explicitly addressing outdoor recreation interests in forest land-use planning and for the collection of recreation data are presented: (1) normative; (2) pragmatic; (3) economic; and (4) governance. Approaches for the collection of recreation-use characteristics are also discussed. Key words: outdoor recreation, data collection, sustainable forest management, social values

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Kouhgardi, Esmaeil, Mohammadali Hemati, Elaheh Shakerdargah, Hodjat Shiri, and Masoud Mahdianpari. "Monitoring Shoreline and Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Sandbanks Provincial Park Using Remote Sensing and Climate Data." Water 14, no. 22 (November 8, 2022): 3593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223593.

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Climate change-driven forces and anthropogenic interventions have led to considerable changes in coastal zones and shoreline positions, resulting in coastal erosion or sedimentation. Shoreline change detection through cost-effective methods and easy-access data plays a key role in coastal management, where other effective parameters such as land-use/land-cover (LULC) change should be considered. This paper presents a remotely sensed shoreline monitoring in Sandbanks Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada, from 1984 to 2021. The CoastSat toolkit for Python and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network classifier were used for shoreline detection, and an unsupervised change detection framework followed by a postclassification change detection method was implemented for LULC classification and change detection. The study assessed the recent coastal erosion and accretion trends in the region in association with spatiotemporal changes in the total area of the West and East Lakes, the transition between LULC classes, extreme climate events, population growth, and future climate projection scenarios. The results of the study illustrate that the accretion trend apparently can be seen in most parts of the study area since 1984 and is affected by several factors, including lake water-level changes, total annual precipitations, sand movements, and other hydrologic/climatic parameters. Furthermore, the observed LULC changes could be in line with climate change-driven forces and population growth to accelerate the detected accretion trend in the East and West Lakes. In total, the synergistic interaction of the investigated parameters would result in a greater accretion trend along with a lower groundwater table amid even a low carbon scenario. The discussed findings could be beneficial to regional/provincial authorities, policymakers, and environmental advocates for the sustainable development of coastal communities.

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Pearce, Joshua M. "Agrivoltaics in Ontario Canada: Promise and Policy." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053037.

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Well-intentioned regulations to protect Canada’s most productive farmland restrict large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) development. The recent innovation of agrivoltaics, which is the co-development of land for both PV and agriculture, makes these regulations obsolete. Burgeoning agrivoltaics research has shown agricultural benefits, including increased yield for a wide range of crops, plant protection from excess solar energy and hail, and improved water conservation, while maintaining agricultural employment and local food supplies. In addition, the renewable electricity generation decreases greenhouse gas emissions while increasing farm revenue. As Canada, and Ontario in particular, is at a strategic disadvantage in agriculture without agrivoltaics, this study investigates the policy changes necessary to capitalize on the benefits of using agrivoltaics in Ontario. Land-use policies in Ontario are reviewed. Then, three case studies (peppers, sweet corn, and winter wheat) are analysed for agrivoltaic potential in Ontario. These results are analysed in conjunction with potential policies that would continue to protect the green-belt of the Golden Horseshoe, while enabling agrivoltaics in Ontario. Four agrivoltaic policy areas are discussed: increased research and development, enhanced education/public awareness, mechanisms to support Canada’s farmers converting to agrivoltaics, and using agrivoltaics as a potential source of trade surplus with the U.S.

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de Rijcke, Izaak. "The Spatial Extent of Lesser Rights in Land: Development Agreements, Site Plans and Restrictive Covenants as Modern “Easements”." GEOMATICA 67, no. 2 (June 2013): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5623/cig2013-021.

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The interpretation and use of information relating to the spatial extent of land ownership (fee simple title) has traditionally been the subject of products which professional land surveyors in Canada have provided. The primary source of such information has been the circumstances noted “on the ground” and the title record that is available for review. These service products have been generally referred to as “Real Property Report” and “Plan of Survey”. Most jurisdictions in Canada require surveyors to mention or show lesser interests in land on a Report or Survey Plan and specifically mention easements and rights of way as the type of interests to be indicated. In this paper, the types of lesser interests in land which have a spatial extent component are considered in terms of modern usage. By relating instances in which the courts have had to deal with clarification and the imposition of a remedy, the traditional treatment of showing only easements and rights of way appears to be no longer sufficient. This paper uses examples of development agreements, site plans and restrictive covenants in establishing the need to revisit the definition of lesser rights in land that must be shown on a Report or Survey Plan. Although some lesser interests have a spatial extent that is the same as that of the fee simple parcel, this is often not the case. The need to understand the broader range and nature of lesser rights in land—as well as new ways of interpreting and communicating their spatial extent to clients—are clear opportunities for the enhancement of professional surveyors’ products and services.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Land use – Canada – Planning'

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