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ASSUNCAO, JULIANO JUNQUEIRA. "AGRICULTURAL EFFICIENCY AND LAND POLICY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4784@1.
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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAISSobretudo nos últimos anos, o Brasil tem intensificado as políticas de reforma agrária e combate à pobreza rural. No entanto, o debate sobre o tema tem ignorado questões importantes relacionadas à origem da concentração fundiária e à eficácia dos instrumentos adotados. A tese tem como objetivo analisar o papel de políticas públicas voltadas ao mercado de terras, considerando um critério de eficiência agrícola, em um ambiente em que (i) as pessoas adquirem terra não apenas para a produção agrícola, mas também para outras finalidades, e (ii) o mercado de arrendamento de terras não funciona adequadamente. Mostra- se que essas duas características não apenas afetam a eficiência da alocação de recursos destinados à agricultura como também têm importantes conseqüências para o desenho de políticas públicas. O capítulo 1 apresenta um modelo teórico que estabelece os princípios básicos da análise sistemática das imperfeições do mercado de terras brasileiro e suas conseqüências para a política econômica. Os capítulos 2 a 4 discutem, respectivamente, aspectos de implementação do programa de reforma agrária redistributiva, da taxação de terras e questões associadas ao mercado de arrendamento de terras. Por fim, a conclusão resume os principais resultados encontrados, as limitações e a pesquisa futura.
In the last few years, the Brazilian government has been intensifying economic policies of land reform and poverty alleviation. However, the debate about this issue has been overlooking important questions related to the land concentration and the effectiveness of the policy instruments. The aim of the dissertation is to analyze the role of such policies in an environment in which (i) land property provides non-agricultural benefits and (ii) the land rental market does not work well. The results indicate that these two characteristics not only ffect the agricultural efficiency but also the design of development policies. Chapter 1 presents a theoretical model establishing the main framework of the analysis, considering market imperfections and their consequences to the land policies. Chapters 2 to 4 discuss some issues of the implementation of three policy instruments - the land reform program, the land tax and the land rental market. The conclusion summarizes the main results of the dissertation, some limitations and the guidelines for future research.
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Steadman, John Paul. "Converging policy approaches to contaminated land." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262896.
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Karlsson, Adam. "Your land is my land : A case study on South Africa’s land expropriation policy under transition." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97899.
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The poverty issues in South Africa is reaching unbearable levels. The land reform policy in place from 1994, which offered fair compensation for the land to be redistributed, had shown little results in dealing with the issue of poverty. In 2018 it was proposed that no compensation should be considered an option which eventually leads to the proposed bill to amend article 25 on property rights. The proposal saw a lot of outrage. This theory consuming study aims to give more context to the inclusivity of the proposal and how it contrasts to the original Article 25. By using inclusive institutions theory as a foundation, the study found that both the constitution under Article 25 and the proposed amendment can be explained and reasoned with inclusive institutions theory, but that the context of South Africa’s demographic and economic inequalities changes the justification for how radical the land reform should be according to the theory.
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Sauter, Raphael. "EU energy policy : agenda dynamics and policy change." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2529/.
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This thesis analyses EU energy policy from a comparative agenda-setting perspective providing new theoretical and empirical insights into EU energy policy-making. Although two of the founding treaties of the European Communities covered the coal and nuclear sectors, the European Union has struggled ever since to establish itself in the field of energy policy. In particular, it failed to include an explicit Community competence on energy in Community primary law in subsequent treaty revisions – with the exception of the new Title XX on Energy introduced with the Lisbon Treaty. Nonetheless the European Union has established itself as an important player in European energy policy, as reflected in EU directives on energy market liberalisation, energy efficiency standards and targets for renewable energy sources. At the same time, policymakers at various levels, business, NGOs and experts agree that more EU energy policy is needed to face current and future transnational policy challenges, notably, climate change and energy security. This has led to numerous studies with policy recommendations on EU level action in the field of energy policy. By contrast, very few studies have analysed the drivers and barriers of EU energy policy-making and factors that can explain policy change and stability. Yet a better understanding of EU energy policy-making is a necessary precondition for the development of appropriate policy recommendations. This thesis provides an analysis of EU energy policy-making by identifying factors that can explain change and stability from an agenda-setting perspective. Drawing upon EU studies and agenda-setting literature the analysis distinguishes between two different agenda-setting routes, high and low politics, along the key stages of an issue career: initiation, specification, expansion and entrance. It accounts for the following key variables in EU agenda-setting: contextual factors, policy entrepreneurs, issue definition, and institutional venues. These are applied to two contrasting case studies of EU energy policy: nuclear energy and renewable energy. The study shows how and why Community initiatives failed in an institutionally ‘strong' EU energy policy arena under Euratom, but succeeded in the field of renewable energy under the EC Treaty.
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Kaunda, Moses. "Land policy in Zambia : evolution, critique and prognosis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251635.
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Kobayashi, Yuji Jinnouchi. "Evolution of urban land policy in postwar Japan." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28674.
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Japan achieved miraculous, rapid economic growth after World War II to become the second ranked major economic power in the world. However, general housing conditions and the standard of living in large cities have not improved as expected. Japanese housing has been referred to as "rabbit hutches" by the O.E.CO. Extremely steep inflation in the price of land, to an extent that is unprecedented in other developed nations, has largely contributed to this sorry state.
This paper analyzes land policies and land use controls enacted in postwar Japan, examines the trends in land price hikes after the war, and evaluates the social impact of recent inflation in the price of urban land.
Chapter I describes the purpose and rationale of this study. Chapter n analyzes the land policies and land use controls that have failed to control land prices and facilitate the effective use of land. There are four fundamental reasons for this failure! the absolute trust of policy makers in virtually unregulated market capitalism in urban land; a national land planning process designed to support accelerated economic development; the Liberal Democratic Party's policy of protecting landowners; and the so-called "Iand-standard economy."
Chapter EI examines the trend toward land price hikes after the war. There have been three phases. The first phase (beginning around 1960) began with price increases for industrial districts. The second phase (in the early 1970s) witnessed significant land price increases not only in large cities, but also in other parts of the country. The third phase (since the mid-1980s) featured a sudden and dramatic jump in land prices in central Tokyo and adjacent areas of the Greater Tokyo Metropolitan.
Chapter IV evaluates the social impact of recent land price hikes centered in and around Tokyo. Social overhead capital programs have been delayed largely due to land price hikes. The physical characteristics and social fabric of residential areas have both been changing drastically and suddenly in the Tokyo area. The hikes in land prices have even resulted in the closing of embassies of developing countries in Tokyo.
Chapter V summarizes and concludes this study.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Fleury, Erik Spencer. "Land use policy and practice in karst terrains." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002254.
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Charernuk, N. "Land development in Central Thailand : Policy and projects." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377130.
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Fitzsimmons, Colum Michael James. "Land supply and formulation of rural housing policy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244657.
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Okafor, Uzochukwu Godsway Ojo. "Computer-assisted analysis of Namibian land reform policy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2982.
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Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.The focus of this research is on the analysis of Namibian land reform policy. The primary objective is to identify the prevailing values behind the land reform, formulate precise objectives that reflect the inherent values, and analyse the existing options with a view to identifying the delivery mechanism(s) most appropriate to meeting the land reform objectives and to delivering the desired outcomes in a sustainable way. Namibia inherited skewed land ownership. The land reform debate focuses mainly on the redistribution of commercial farms, which are mostly owned by whites, and the tenure reform in the communal areas. The Namibian land reform rests on a tripartite scheme: Resettlement, Affirmative Action Loan Scheme (AALS) and the Development of Communal Areas (DCA). These approaches are governed by a number of policies and laws. Land reform is a very complex and emotion-laden phenomenon with multiple dimensions, which include moral, historical, social, economic, environmental and technical aspects. The land question in Namibia is a race question. While politicians argue publicly that land reform is important to boost the economy and reduce poverty, in reality the focus is on having more black Namibians own more of Namibia’s commercial farmland. This discrepancy between public pronouncements and actual motive may be responsible for the lack of clear objectives for the land reform policy. The analysis of Namibian land reform policy will require formulation of precise objectives. Because Namibia is the driest country south of the Sahara, sustainable management of land is imperative. Finding ways of achieving a politically acceptable racial balance of commercial land ownership and sustainable utilisation of redistributed land within an optimum time span is a challenge. The formulation of Namibian land reform policy was not preceded by any attempt at prior policy analysis. An ad hoc and crisis-management approach prevailed. A policy issue analysis approach has been used in this study. It is based primarily on a literature review augmented with questionnaires and interviews with selected key stakeholders. A stratified sampling technique was applied in the selection of the key stakeholders. The three groups identified were the policy-formulation and implementation group, the commercial farmers and the emerging farmers. VISA, a multi-criteria decision analysis package, was used to analyse and compare the three land reform approaches, while PolicyMaker software was used to analyse political actors and suggest strategies that can enhance the policy’s feasibility. The literature review and questionnaires revealed that the objectives of the land reform policy include correcting the skewed ownership of commercial farmland to reflect the demography of Namibia, alleviating poverty and achieving social and economic equity for all citizens. The programme should be sociologically, economically and environmentally sustainable. Combining all these objectives as criteria for evaluation, VISA demonstrates that the affirmative action loan scheme has the greatest potential for meeting the objectives followed by resettlement and development of communal areas respectively. Using the PolicyMaker software, stakeholders were categorised into supporters, opponents and non-mobilised; opportunities and obstacles were identified and strategies devised to harness opportunities and diffuse opposition.
cmc2010
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Culbertson, Kurt Douglas. "Framework for vacant land policy in shrinking cities." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31195.
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This thesis provides a theoretical framework for evaluating the causes of vacant land in shrinking cities. The focus of this thesis was New Orleans and St. Louis; these two cities were selected as the case studies because they are roughly of similar age, possess a common cultural and economic heritage, and have a geographic footprint which encompasses different environmental conditions. This thesis evaluated factors that contribute to patterns of land vacancy within these two cities. Factors included in this evaluation include employment and other economic and cultural opportunities, environmental and ecological conditions, social dynamics and conditions, governmental management decisions, and 'quality of life' stressors, such as proximity to major infrastructure and industrial development. The theoretical framework described in this thesis is intended to apply to other shrinking cities beyond the case studies. A geographic information system database using historical maps and population census data were created for each city and utilized to examine temporal patterns in the relationship between land vacancy and a variety of environmental, economic, and social factors. Maps from the time of the founding of each city were geo-referenced to create a depiction of the ecological conditions prior to European settlement at the sites of New Orleans in 1718 and St. Louis in 1764, respectively. Time-series data gathered from the United States population censuses were utilized to document spatial change of the two cities as they evolved. Homo sapiens like other species compete for habitat. Access to high quality habitat within the urban ecosystem is determined by contestation between individuals and social groups, through market mechanisms and through management decisions, both utilitarian and ideological. Corruption and violence may also be factors. Individual agency is a factor in this contestation but social and cultural structures can also work to limit individual choices, particularly for minorities and low income residents, and relegate many residents to suboptimum or marginal habitat. A data analysis of both New Orleans and St. Louis showed that the quantity and location of vacant land is primarily influenced by proximity to opportunities and by proximity to major risks which impact the quality of Homo sapiens habitat. The first of these is proximity to opportunities such as employment, education, and cultural resources. The second is the presence of natural hazards, such as flooding and geological hazards, as revealed by the analysis of the historical ecology of the city. The third is the impact of local government management decisions and social planning which has spatial implications, including racially-based zoning, racial covenants, redlining, and isolation from public services and facilities such as the segregation of public schools. These decisions are often the reflection of ideology and power relationships. A fourth driver of land vacancy is proximity to risks, notably industrial lands, but also the intrusion of major infrastructure projects such as the development of the railyards and rail corridor of St. Louis, the construction of the Industrial Canal in New Orleans, and the construction of Interstate highways through both cities. In some circumstances, such drivers that include the unintended consequences of utilitarian decisions. The fifth driver include socio-economic factors and the neighborhood effects of crime, and poor education. These five drivers act in different proportions in each city to influence land values which, in turn, drive levels of vacancy. This comparative investigation revealed that the impact of geophysical factors on land vacancy varies greatly between New Orleans and St. Louis. While much of New Orleans lies below sea level and is often subject to flooding and hurricanes, little of the vacant lands of St. Louis are impacted by geophysical factors. In contrast, management decisions and social planning have contributed significantly to the concentration of poverty and, in turn, land vacancy in both cities. While some of these management decisions are utilitarian in nature and intended to provide the greatest benefits for the most number of people, others are ideologically driven or reflect power relationships and in the case of both New Orleans and St. Louis, racism. Proximity to risks, such as active railroad tracks, major highways, and industrial development, also has a strong relationship to land vacancy in both cities. Land vacancy also has a strong spatial relationship with areas of low income, poor education, and crime and neighborhood effects. While an understanding of environmental history can provide a useful guide to vacant land policy, efforts to address the challenge of vacant lands must consider not only the symptoms but the underlying causes of vacancy, particularly economic and social factors. This thesis is addressed to planners, architects, urban designers, landscape architects, and elected and appointed government officials who work to address the challenges of shrinking cities. Though this thesis examined the causes of vacant land in two shrinking cities, future research should examine the application of the theoretical framework presented here to cities experiencing growth as well.
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Bashaasha, Bernard. "Public Policy and Rural Land Use in Uganda." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1216922017.
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Fleury, Spencer. "Land Use Policy and Practices in Karst Terrains." Scholar Commons, 2007. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/708.
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Karst topography is the result of a specific combination of geological conditions, precipitation, biota, and temperature, and is characterized by the gradual solution of the underlying bedrock and the development of underground drainage routes for surficial runoff. Many of these karst landscapes are found in urbanized areas, where the potential for anthropogenic impact is quite high. In many instances, municipalities on karst terrains choose to mitigate these impacts by implementing ordinances that place restrictions on permissible land uses near karst landforms. This dissertation asks the question: are the impacts of karst-related land use regulation on human / social systems significant enough to merit consideration during the regulation writing and implementation process? In the process of answering this question, it is hoped that a broader understanding will be developed of how land use regulations are used to control and regulate human activity on karst lands, particularly (but not exclusively) in the United States; and that the conclusions drawn from that overview might serve as the beginnings of a generally applicable framework for the development of karst regulation.
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Andam, Kwaw Senyi. "Essays on the evaluation of land use policy the effects of regulatory protection on land use and social welfare /." Diss., unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07092008-151604/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Paul J. Ferraro, committee chair ; Alexander Pfaff, Gary T. Henry, Gregory B. Lewis, Douglas S. Noonan, committee members. Electronic text (99 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed October 28, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-98).
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Perche, Diana Elizabeth. "Land Rich, Dirt Poor? Aboriginal land rights, policy failure and policy change from the colonial era to the Northern Territory Intervention." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14313.
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This thesis examines the development of Aboriginal land policy in the Northern Territory of Australia, and uses a policy dynamics approach to analyse the policy decision making in this area over long time periods. This approach is useful in helping to uncover key areas of continuity, and gradual change, in Aboriginal land policy, since the early colonial era, and it draws attention to the ways in which policies framed around Aboriginal land rights in the current era have retained links to the earliest policies framed during invasion and settlement. The thesis argues that path dependency has been a very significant feature of Aboriginal land policy, and the Howard Coalition government’s recent amendments to the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 in 2006 and 2007 are better understood as a part of a much longer policy trajectory. The thesis identifies five distinct (though overlapping) temporal sequences: (a) the early colonial era, marked by fear, brutality and misunderstanding between settlers and Indigenous people; (b) the humanitarian era, shaped by the Buxton committee report of 1837 which called for the creation of Aboriginal reserves as both compensation and a form of protection; (c) the later protection era which saw early humanitarian impulses turn to a greater focus on segregation and control; (d) the assimilation era, where reserves were closed in the southern parts of Australia, with the expectation that Aboriginal people join white society, while extensive reserves were retained in the north where Aboriginal people were understood to retain traditional customs and lifestyles; and (e) the land rights era, where activist campaigns in response to prominent conflicts over non-Indigenous use of Aboriginal land for pastoral and mining resulted in governments converting reserves into Aboriginal-owned land, under inalienable communal title. Two critical junctures, in the form of government reviews, are pinpointed as moments where substantial policy change has been rendered possible: the Buxton committee in 1837 and the Aboriginal Land Rights Commission led by Justice Edward Woodward in 1973-4. Outside these critical junctures, policy development has been incremental. The thesis explores the shifting frames used by policy makers around Indigenous land from the colonial era to the present day with respect to four themes: the purpose of allocating sections of land for Aboriginal use or recognition of ownership, access to Indigenous land, difference in terms of Indigenous expectations of ownership and relationship with land, and the governance or power to make decisions with respect to Indigenous land. It traces these themes from the initial formulations of Aboriginal rights to land in terms of humanitarian protection, social justice and economic development in the early colonial era, through to the rise of the land rights movement in the 1960s and the current focus on marketisation, economic development and the push to use Indigenous land to alleviate disadvantage. Careful tracing of each of these themes over time illuminates the path dependency which dominates in this policy area, and isolates the two critical junctures where substantial leaps in problem definition are discernible. The thesis considers Aboriginal land rights policy in the Northern Territory in the light of the current dominant debate around policy failure in Indigenous affairs, and reflects on the Howard government’s strategic use of the frame of policy failure to explain the need for the government to “wind back” land rights. The thesis uses contemporary theory concerning the politics of evaluation (including emphasis on short term contingency and political strategy) and the political use of evidence and expertise in policy making to explain the development of policy on Aboriginal land through each identified temporal sequence, up to and including the most recent sequence spanning the Howard government’s 2006 amendments and the implementation of the Northern Territory Intervention in 2007. The thesis observes the erratic and selective use of expert knowledge of Aboriginal people and their economic, social, spiritual and political relationship with the land, and the persistent triumph of settler ideology over Aboriginal interests in land policy.
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Yiannakou, Athina. "Residential land development and urban land policy in Greece : the case of Greater Thessaloniki." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1233/.
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Clement, Cathie. "Australia's north-west : a study of exploration, land policy and land acquisition, 1644-1884." Thesis, Clement, Cathie (1991) Australia's north-west : a study of exploration, land policy and land acquisition, 1644-1884. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1991. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/725/.
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The thesis analyses the continuum of European activity that preceded establishment of an effective pastoral industry in Australia's north-west. Two strands - physical activity and evolution of legislation - are interwoven, examining growth in geographical knowledge, proposals for colonisation and the outcome of interplay between government officials and landholders over land policy.
Growth in geographical knowledge gave rise to colonisation proposals from 1828. The thesis relates these proposals to events affecting northern Australia to show that promotion and occupation of north-west lands constituted an integral part of the outgrowth of colonial settlement in Australia.
Europeans occupied the north-west in two waves, abortively during the 1860s and continuously from 1879. The existing literature identifies these waves but provides inadequate analysis of events to 1884. The thesis fills this gap by showing that land hunger, misinformation, land speculation, manipulation of legislation and exploitation of political power for private commercial gain determined the shape of north-west settlement. Moreover, by relating land policy to tenure and occupation, it shows that private individuals influenced land policy and impeded official plans for rapid settlement. Thus, the thesis provides a fresh perspective not only on the prelude to effective pastoral settlement in the north-west but on the management of Western Australia's outlying lands in the period before responsible government.
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Clement, Cathie. "Australia's north-west : a study of exploration, land policy and land acquisition, 1644-1884." Murdoch University, 1991. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070905.104718.
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The thesis analyses the continuum of European activity that preceded establishment of an effective pastoral industry in Australia's north-west. Two strands - physical activity and evolution of legislation - are interwoven, examining growth in geographical knowledge, proposals for colonisation and the outcome of interplay between government officials and landholders over land policy.
Growth in geographical knowledge gave rise to colonisation proposals from 1828. The thesis relates these proposals to events affecting northern Australia to show that promotion and occupation of north-west lands constituted an integral part of the outgrowth of colonial settlement in Australia.
Europeans occupied the north-west in two waves, abortively during the 1860s and continuously from 1879. The existing literature identifies these waves but provides inadequate analysis of events to 1884. The thesis fills this gap by showing that land hunger, misinformation, land speculation, manipulation of legislation and exploitation of political power for private commercial gain determined the shape of north-west settlement. Moreover, by relating land policy to tenure and occupation, it shows that private individuals influenced land policy and impeded official plans for rapid settlement. Thus, the thesis provides a fresh perspective not only on the prelude to effective pastoral settlement in the north-west but on the management of Western Australia's outlying lands in the period before responsible government.
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Cobourn, Kelly M. "Environmental Conservation on Agricultural Working Land: Assessing Policy Alternatives Using a Spatially Heterogeneous Land Allocation Model." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/CobournKM2004.pdf.
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Carpenter, Leah J. "Tracking the Land: Ojibwe Land Tenure and Acquisition at Grand Portage and Leech Lake." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195391.
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This case study examines the land tenure histories of the Grand Portage and Leech Lake Bands of Ojibwe to determine how historical events inform their contemporary land acquisition strategies. The standardized federal Indian policy time periods frames this effort to track the amount of reservation land held in Ojibwe trust ownership over time while analyzing the local impact of those policies upon land tenure and acquisition. The Grand Portage and Leech Lake Bands are members of the confederated Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, and this Band-level unit of analysis illuminates variations in land tenure patterns and acquisition strategies experienced within a common tribal identity. The Grand Portage Band has been remarkably successful and over 80% of that territory is under Ojibwe trust ownership, while only 5% of the Leech Lake Reservation is in Ojibwe trust ownership. The Grand Portage Band has utilized conventional and creative strategies for land acquisition. For example, the Band secured an expansion of their reservation boundary in 1982, and later acquired the Grand Portage State Park. The Leech Lake Band has experienced a harsher land tenure history as their reservation lands have been, and remain, a much more contested territory. The Chippewa National Forest was superimposed upon that reservation territory, which has effectively created a federal monopoly on land ownership and which serves as a major obstacle to effective land acquisition by the Leech Lake Band today. Other obstacles include bureaucratic inertia and state and local opposition.The emergent tribal land acquisition strategies are land purchases, as well as the purchase of fractionated trust ownership interests, negotiations with local and state governments for land exchanges, the transfer of federal "surplus lands," and pursuit of special legislation or executive orders. Furthermore, Indian land tenure and acquisition remains an important aspect of the contemporary federal trust responsibility, although weakened in practice. The federal trust responsibility must be revitalized in order to become an effective method for tribal land acquisition. The Indian land tenure reality today is that most tribes endure insufficient and inadequate tribal territories as a result of federal Indian policies, which has prompted many to prioritize land acquisition.
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Briggs, Rebecca S. "Oregon's agricultural lands preservation policy : an analysis of effectiveness in the Willamette Valley /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9129.
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Wu, Jinglun. "The economics of government land policy in Hong Kong, 1947-82." Thesis, University of London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243981.
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Walker, Simon. "The politics of contaminated land : a political history of UK contaminated land policy 1975-2002." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402278.
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Walker, Glenn. "Making a community : land policy in the Kawartha Lakes." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98592.
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Between the mid-eighteenth and the mid-nineteenth centuries, the Crown coordinated a revolution in land usage in the Kawartha Lakes, as elsewhere in the colony, through 'civilization' and land redistribution. Attempts to change native society and build settler communities did not quite unfold the way the government intended. 'Civilization' helped the Mississauga farm and taught skills that eased interaction with colonial society, but they continued to produce much of their food by traditional means. Speculation isolated settlers and made land acquisition more difficult, though some speculators provided essential services. Most immigrants bought land privately and many were not able to establish themselves as farmers. Preferential grants were particularly poor at distributing land to settlers and Crown or Clergy Reserves sales were much more likely to transfer property directly to users. The transition to agricultural land usage occurred largely through the state's mediation of conflicting claims to access.
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Mohammadi, Mohamad Reza Dallalpour. "Policy impact on urban land use patterns in Iran." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260891.
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Tichelar, Michael. "The Labour Party's policy towards land reform, 1900-1945." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322024.
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By the outbreak of the Second World War the 'Land Question' was not as politically controversial as it had been before 1914. It had fragmented into a series of separate but related political issues. Radical interest had moved away from attacking the landed aristocracy as a class and focused on the development and control of land-use, particularly in urban areas, and the protection of agriculture and the countryside from urban despoliation. The thesis concentrates on Labour Party policy at a national and a local level in the period 1939-45. There was a plethora of Government white papers and reports published on land-use control (physical planning's equivalent to the welfare state's Beveridge Report), plus controversial legislation on town and country planning to deal with the problem of reconstructing towns badly damaged by the blitz. Much more could be said about the importance of post 1945 developments, but there is not sufficient space to do adequate justice to this period. However, a number of ~ initial and preliminary comments are made in the conclusion about the record of the 1945 Labour Government. The thesis makes a contribution in three areas of historical debate. First it traces in detail the way Labour Party policy on land reform developed in the period from 1900 to 1945. This is a neglected area particularly after 1939. Four strands of policy made up Labour's changing position on the Land Question: - agriculture and smallholdings; land nationalisation and taxation of land values; town and country planning; and National Parks and access to the countryside. Second it contributes to the historical debate on the nature of the post-war consensus. It questions the extent to which wartime debates on land reform could be said to form part of the origins of postwar legislation. Third the thesis identifies some broader themes that influenced the direction and nature of the Party's land reform policies. The tension between land nationalistion and taxation of land values will be discussed, and its influence on the development of Party ideology on public ownership in general. In addition the influence of such important factors as agrarianism, pastoralism and central-local government relationships will be discussed and assessed.
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Reid, Jason A. "Farmland preservation and planning policy within Wyoming counties." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400956461&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Hurley, Patrick Todd. "Whose vision? : The political ecology of land-use policy in Nevada County, California /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3153790.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 171-189). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Musole, Maliti. "Land policy and the urban land market in Zambia : property rights, transaction costs, and institutional change." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4951/.
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This study examines, comparatively, the effects of Zambia's post-colonial (1975 and 1995) land policy reforms on the urban land market transactions. It focuses on land delivery, land transfer and exchange, and land valuation and pricing. The central thesis of the study is that land policy reforms matter even for the urban land market. Proceeding from this premise, the study conceptualises the effects of land policy on the land market as one set of institutions (namely, land policy reforms) modifying or radically restructuring (and, hence, impacting on) the other set of institutions (viz. property rights and the land market generally). Grounded in the new institutional economics approach, the conceptual framework focuses on property rights, transaction costs and institutional change. The philosophical framework is post-positivist. Methodologically, the research design is largely qualitative and employs a multiple data collection and analysis strategy. Central to this methodological approach are the concepts of critical multiplism and triangulation. The overall research findings suggest, overwhelmingly, that land policy reforms matter to urban land market transactions. More specifically, the study finds that, in so far as land delivery is concerned, both the 1975 and 1995 reforms had a similar detrimental impact. However, their effects differed markedly in specific areas with regard to land transfer and exchange, on the one hand, and land valuation and pricing, on the other. In patticular, the latter reforms were less pernicious than the former. Consequently, the study recommends land policy reforms that minimise the policy-generated detrimental effects identified in the land market operations. The effects in question naturally revolve around property rights and transaction costs.
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Chavez, Andrea B. "Public policy and spatial variation in land use and land cover in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024388.
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To, Lai-che Patrick. "Land policy and the small-medium manufacturers in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1992298X.
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Estornell, Paula Haas Charles N. Brulle Robert J. "Sustainable development : which policy process - autocratic or democratic-leads to more durable policy and environmental outcomes?" Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3312.
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Zhang, Wendong. "Three Essays on Land Use, Land Management, and Land Values in the Agro-Ecosystem." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437656707.
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Landry, Erik S. (Erik Sean). "Carbon dynamics of global land use, land-use change, and forestry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117919.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 33-36).
Forest harvest for bioenergy is growing rapidly, spurred by the European Commission's declaration that bioenergy is carbon-neutral. Bioenergy advocates argue that the carbon released upon the combustion of harvested wood should eventually be reabsorbed from the atmosphere when the harvested land regrows. Recent studies, however, find that wood bioenergy can exacerbate climate change because it is less efficient than the fossil fuels it displaces, and because regrowth takes time and is uncertain. Other land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) practices can also cause significant carbon fluxes to and from the atmosphere that vary over time as the carbon sequestered in the biomass and soils on each land type changes. Understanding these complex interactions requires an explicit dynamic model that accounts for various land uses and regions, each with carbon content and flux characteristics specific to their respective vegetation, soil distributions, and climatic domains. This work extends the widely used C-ROADS climate model, originally developed with a single biosphere, to incorporate this level of detail. Built up from a diverse set of highly resolved geospatial databases for land cover, soils, climatic domains, and other relevant characteristics, the model aggregates the data into six land use types (natural forest, harvested forest, cropland, pasture, permafrost, and developed/other land) within six major regions (the US, EU, China, India, Other Developed Nations, and Other Developing Nations). It is used to analyze the impact of harvesting forests for bioenergy. Because wood bioenergy is less efficient than the fossil fuels it displaces, the first impact is an increase in atmospheric CO₂ . If the land regrows as forest, this carbon debt can eventually be repaid. However, the time required to do so is long, ranging from 20 to 186 years, depending on the region supplying the wood and whether the forest is thinned or clear-cut. Converting forest to cropland after harvest increases atmospheric CO₂ concentrations without payback. Results also show that afforestation programs are most effective in reducing atmospheric CO₂ when implemented in regions with more tropical climates due to the higher carbon density of these forests. This fast, regionally specific, multi-land-use model enables policy makers and other stakeholders to quickly design and evaluate of a wide range of LULUCF and bioenergy policy scenarios and their climatic effects.
by Erik S. Landry.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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Bhe, Ntomboxolo Grace. "Land restitution policy in old West Bank location, East London." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14620.
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This thesis summarises research on the implementation of land restitution policy in the old West Bank Location, in East London. Apartheid legislation dispossessed many Black people of their land. After 1994, the new democratic government implemented a land reform programme, land policy was reviewed, and people were compensated for the loss of land either financially or through restoration of their land. The original cut-off date for claims was 1998, but the window for claims was reopened in July 2014 because of difficulties in implementation. The period for the lodging of claims was extended to end June 2019 to allow people who had not yet been able to do so to participate in the process. In case of the old West Bank Location claims, compensation was in the form of land restoration, including houses which would be built for the claimants. This study documents the successes and challenges encountered in the implementation of land policy in the old West Bank Location. Triangulation of methods was used: data were collected from documents, interviews with claimants, interviews with government officials, and observation of meetings. Recommendations with regard to land policy are made on the basis of the research findings.
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Mo, Sun-yuen, and 武申源. "A study of the Hong Kong Government's land resumption policy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31965647.
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To, Lai-che Patrick, and 陶禮治. "Land policy and the small-medium manufacturers in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31269291.
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Tang, Yu-Ting. "Investigating sustainable land use : possible implications for brownfield regeneration policy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12380/.
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Since the publication of the Brundtland Report, ‘sustainable development’ has become a popular yet contested concept among governments, international organisations and the private sector. To implement sustainable development, institutions attaining different objectives interpreted the definition in the Brundtland Report in various ways. These interpretations sometimes contradict each other. Brownfield land is the legacy of industrialisation and urbanisation. Brownfield regeneration has been considered a tool to rebuild sustainable communities. Similar to the concept of sustainable development, countries define the term brownfield land or ‘brownfields’ in different ways. Therefore, utilising brownfield regeneration to pursue sustainable development became an intricate matter. This study has developed a framework to define brownfield land to improve the quality of brownfield regeneration policymaking by analysing qualitative and quantitative evidence on the use of land and sustainability. The analyses of sustainability indexes revealed that the types of strategies applied by countries to achieve sustainability depend on their progress in development and on population density. At the same time, data also showed that the population density of a country influences the ways the term ‘brownfields’ is deinfed in the regenerating policies. Therefore, population density, as an indicator of development density, is a useful differentiator of brownfield definitions in the policies that may or may not lead to the successful regeneration. Furthermore, the concept of development densities may change based on the geographic scales of concern as well as the development of technologies that allow higher development densities without compromising the quality of life. Taiwan and England are both countries with high population densities. Preserving greenfield land and enhancing social capacities in the countries are important to maintain sustainability. However, the two countries perceive brownfield land at the opposite ends of the spectrum. England sees all previously developed land as brownfield land, while Taiwan considers ‘brownfields’ to be the result of industrial pollution. The textual analysis of parliamentary debate and news reports, in addition to the statistical analyses of land use, showed that neither definition has effectively tackled the issues of preserving greenfield land or improving social equality. In countries with higher development densities, to prevent further destruction of greenfields, and to increase the social capacities, the brownfield definition should help to focus regeneration efforts on the derelict urban land that requires interventions to bring back sustainable communities.
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Mo, Sun-yuen. "A study of the Hong Kong Government's land resumption policy." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18595418.
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Fuller, S. C. "Implementation of natural resources management policy in Zimbabwe 1980-1999." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344108.
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Nhiwatiwa, Eben Kanukayi Reitan E. A. "Land policy in Zimbabwe and the African response from 1930 to independence, with an educational component." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1988. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8818719.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1988.Title from title page screen, viewed September 12, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Earl A. Reitan (chair), William W. Haddad, Gerlof D. Homan, Lawrence W. McBride, Richard J. Payne. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-172) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Chambers, Brian Carolan. "Negotiating Denendeh : indigenous solidarity, federal land claims policy, and fragmentation of the Dene/Metis comprehensive land claim." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251590.
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Gustanski, Julie Ann. "Land trusts and private land conservation : a trans-Atlantic comparative analysis of the ethics-economics-policy paradigm." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28171.
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Research carried out in the UK and US investigated land conservation from a multidisciplinary perspective. The primary focus is on conservation on private lands, and concentrating on the role of non-profit sector land conservation organisations. The work explores the role that an integrated decision-making framework could play in this sector, and lays an appropriate base for future development of such a framework, termed the Integrated Land Conservation Decision Support (ILCDS) model. This work is grounded in the fact that many land use decisions have greater long-term impacts that are more absolute than most other private and governmental choices. Evaluation of attitudes and values of mainstream populations towards land use and conservation was conducted through, focus groups, surveys and interviews. These evaluations were coupled with an investigative assessment of legislation in the UK and US. Central to this study was the multifaceted exploration and analysis of the dimensions, differences, commonalties, and fragmentation of private sector land protection in the UK and US. By enriching the evaluation in this way, the study identifies both the absence of, and the need for an appropriate analytical framework for evaluating long-term private sector land conservation decisions. Interviews were used to examine the experiences of land trusts and to evaluate the validity and utility of an integrated decision-support tool, as the ILCDS model. This thesis addressed, and realised, the objective of presenting and examining the ethics- economics-policy paradigm in the contextual setting of private land protection efforts of land trusts in the US and UK. The underpinnings that embody the paradigm as it relates to establishing the framework for the ILCDS model were mapped out for the purposes of identifying specific directions for future development of the decision-support model. The information represents a holistic assessment of the beliefs, logic and values embedded in the mainstream UK and US populations on land use and conservation issues.
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Engblom, Anna, and August Isacsson. "Poverty reduction through land titling : A study about the economic effects of the Malawi national land policy." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261681.
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Access to land is vital for providing our basic needs. According to earlier research, private landtitles are a prerequisite for secure land rights and are vital for enabling sustainable economicgrowth and poverty reduction. In Malawi, where a majority of the land is customary, newlaws have been enacted, but not yet implemented. The new laws allow registration ofcustomary land into private land, i.e. land titling. This bachelor thesis investigates the possibleeconomic effects of land titling in Malawi based on earlier research and on the views ofMalawian stakeholders. It was found that the World Bank states that land titling will lead toincreased investments and improved productivity; increased credits access with lowerinterest rate; increased liquidity on transaction markets; increased access to rental market;increased mobility; increased gender equality and decentralization of power. Even though thecultural practices in Malawi partly collide with the privatization of customary land, thestakeholders generally agree with the effects described by the World Bank. It is difficult topredict the effects of the new laws as it depends on various factors. However, land titling willsurely lead to increased tenure security, which inherently is valuable for the landowners.Tillgång till mark är nödvändigt för att kunna tillgodose våra grundläggande behov. Säkradäganderätt i form av ett landägarbevis är grundläggande för att möjliggöra ekonomisk tillväxtoch fattigdomsbekämpning. I Malawi är endast en minoritet av marken registrerad. Denstörsta andelen mark nyttjas gemensamt av bybor. På initiativ av Världsbanken har Malawiskamyndigheter tagit fram nya land lagar som ännu inte implementeras. De nya lagarnamöjliggör att genom registrering omvandla den mark som nyttjas till byborna till privategendom. Denna studie undersöker vilka ekonomiska effekter som härrör frånlandregistrering i Malawi baserat på tidigare forskning och lokala intressenters kunskap ocherfarenheter. Enligt Världsbanken leder landregistrering i utvecklingsländer till ökadeinvesteringar och ökad produktivitet, ökad kreditgivning med lägre ränta, ökad likviditet påtransaktionsmarknaden, växande hyresmarknad, ökad rörlighet, ökad jämställdhet ochdecentralisering av makt. Trots att de kulturella sedvanorna i Malawi till viss del motverkas avprivatisering av mark, stämmer intressenternas uppfattning överens med de effekter somVärldsbanken beskriver. Det går inte att med säkerhet avgöra vilka ekonomiska effekter somlandregistreringen kommer att resultera i, eftersom att de beror på flera okända faktorer.Landregisteringen kommer dock att säkra äganderätten, vilket i sig är värdefullt för de somnyttjar marken.
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Machaka, Matome Eric. "Implementation of land reform policy with special reference to the Capricorn District in the Limpopo Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2592.
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Osmane, Rahima Kenza. "Land expropriation and assimilation : a comparative study of French policy in Algeria and federal Indian policy in the United States." Thesis, Keele University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238565.
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This study compares the expropriation and assimilation policies of the French and American governments towards the Algerian and Southeastern Indian peoples in the nineteenth century. It describes in detail the policies and techniques, including sequestration and removal, which were established to deprive the indigenous people of their land for the purpose of colonial development, and also examines the various responses to it by the Algerians and Indians. Having effected wholesale confiscations by the middle of the nineteenth century, the French and American governments subsequently developed more mature policies designed to break down the traditional political and economic structures through an attack on collective property in the Warnier Law of 1873 and the Dawes Act of 1887. After a brief introduction, the first two chapters examine the background to European colonization in the two societies, including an analysis of the native society and economy. The major expropriation phases in Algeria and the southern United States are examined in the following four chapters, with a particular emphasis upon Indian removal in the United States and upon the sequence of French land legislation up to and including the Senatus-Consulte of 1863. In the final chapter, the two assaults upon tribal collective property are analysed. A brief conclusion reviews and contrasts the two processes of expropriation.
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Green, Emma. "Pesticide policy changes in the European Union." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295879.
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Anstey, Geoff. "The choice between rural living and agriculture : implications for land use and subdivision policy /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18218.pdf.
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Liu, Chun-san. "A study of the Hong Kong harbour reclamation policy in the 1980s and 1990s." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19709523.
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Georgic, Will Cameron. "Vulnerability and Policy Response: Unintended Consequences." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563450002509178.
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