Relevant bibliographies by topics / Land and forest policies

Academic literature on the topic 'Land and forest policies'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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Koh, Jane, Shazali Johari, Ahmad Shuib, May Ling Siow, and Nitanan Koshy Matthew. "Malaysia’s Forest Pledges and The Bornean State of Sarawak: A Policy Perspective." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021385.

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Malaysia deforested 6.3 million hectares since independence; 91% of which occurred before Malaysia pledged, at the Earth Summit in 1992, to maintain a minimum 50% of its terrestrial area under forest cover. However, under economic and population pressure, Sarawak—the largest contributing state to the country’s current forest cover of 54.8%—shows continuing deforestation even after 1992. This paper reviews land use policies underpinned by economic development and environmental protection considerations, land rights issues that complicate land use planning, and legislation that regulates land use change. The objective is to investigate the adequacy of existing policies and legislation in governing forest cover in Sarawak and to recommend improvement measures. If the Sarawak Land Use Policy that allocates seven million hectares for forest is realized, Malaysia’s forest cover would drop to 53%, assuming other states maintain their forests. It is recommended that legislation governing the designation of permanent forest and conversion of forest for other land use to be strengthened, civil society to be enlisted to enhance knowledge level, and carbon credit production to be promoted as alternative land use that keeps forests standing. With these measures, it is hopeful that Malaysia’s aspirations regarding forest cover can be achieved.
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Anputhas, Markandu, Johannus Janmaat, Craig Nichol, and Adam Wei. "If They Come, Where will We Build It? Land-Use Implications of Two Forest Conservation Policies in the Deep Creek Watershed." Forests 10, no. 7 (July 12, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10070581.

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Research Highlights: Forest conservation policies can drive land-use change to other land-use types. In multifunctional landscapes, forest conservation policies will therefore impact on other functions delivered by the landscape. Finding the best pattern of land use requires considering these interactions. Background and Objectives: Population growth continues to drive the development of land for urban purposes. Consequently, there is a loss of other land uses, such as agriculture and forested lands. Efforts to conserve one type of land use will drive more change onto other land uses. Absent effective collaboration among affected communities and relevant institutional agents, unexpected and undesirable land-use change may occur. Materials and Methods: A CLUE-S (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small Scales) model was developed for the Deep Creek watershed, a small sub-basin in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada. The valley is experiencing among the most rapid population growth of any region in Canada. Land uses were aggregated into one forested land-use type, one urban land-use type, and three agricultural types. Land-use change was simulated for combinations of two forest conservation policies. Changes are categorized by location, land type, and an existing agricultural land policy. Results: Forest conservation policies drive land conversion onto agricultural land and may increase the loss of low elevation forested land. Model results show where the greatest pressure for removing land from agriculture is likely to occur for each scenario. As an important corridor for species movement, the loss of low elevation forest land may have serious impacts on habitat connectivity. Conclusions: Forest conservation policies that do not account for feedbacks can have unintended consequences, such as increasing conversion pressures on other valued land uses. To avoid surprises, land-use planners and policy makers need to consider these interactions. Models such as CLUE-S can help identify these spatial impacts.
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Holland, Margaret B., and David M. Lansing. "Forests in Limbo: Assessing Costa Rica's Forest and Land Reform Policies." Society & Natural Resources 30, no. 6 (December 9, 2016): 738–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2016.1257080.

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Pane, Erina, Adam M. Yanis, and Is Susanto. "Social Forestry: The Balance between Welfare and Ecological Justice." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (December 31, 2020): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.10.

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Poverty and climate change mitigation are connected to each other, so one of the policies adopted by the Indonesian government is managing forests with social forestry schemes. Where social forestry aims at prospering the poor and preserve forests. A balance between the two is needed because it is not only part of forest land, but it also considers justice for the community to get prosperous rights and realize ecological justice. The dynamics of social forestry in Indonesia are characterized by policies and regulations, but in various regions, people have succeeded in increasing their welfare while making forests sustainable. It was concluded that social forestry builds ecological strategic values that guarantee the sustainability of forest functions managed by the community. It can succeed if policies and regulations in Indonesia provide legal certainty over the rights to community-managed forest land.
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Pattilouw, Ibnu R., G. Mardiatmoko, and Ferad Puturuhu. "ANALISIS PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN HUTAN DI IUPHHK-HA PT. GEMA HUTAN LESTARI KABUPATEN BURU PROVINSI MALUKU." JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jhppk.2019.3.2.127.

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The objectives of this study are: identifying land cover, analyzing land cover change, calculating the rate of forest degradation and deforestation, and determining forest management policies. This research was conducted using remote sensing methods and GIS for obtaining land cover change data for several years and conducting mapping. From the research conducted, the results of the classification of forest land cover using Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS imagery in 2013, 2016 and 2018 consisted of forests, shrubs, reeds, swamps, rivers and open land. The highest land cover change that occurred in 2013 up to 2016 covered forests turned into open land amounting to 12261.75 ha. Shrubs into open land also experienced a large change of 12912.25 ha. Forests that have been degraded since 2013-2016 covering an area of ​​17703.07 ha,
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Sari, Dede Komala, Nurul Qomar, and Muhammad Mardhiansyah. "Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Di Provinsi Riau; Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir." JURNAL ILMU-ILMU KEHUTANAN 6, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jiik.6.2.8-14.

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Rokan Hilir Regency was the area with the highest number of hotspots in the last nine years in Riau Province. Combating forest and land fires in areas that require effective policies. The purpose of this study was to study forest and land fire prevention policies in Riau Province, especially in Rokan Hilir Regency. The research sample used qualitative research, the informants were selected by snowball sampling. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations and document studies. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Research Results Shows Research Regarding the Determination of Forest and Natural Forest Disaster, Riau Provincial Regulation No. 1 of 2019 concerning Technical Guidelines for Combating Forest and Land Fires was only adopted on August 15, 2019. For in Rokan Hilir District there was no Regional Regulation governing the destruction of forests and land. However, the Government of Rokan Hilir Regency issued Rokan Hilir Regent's Regulation No. 41 of 2017 concerning the Implementing Unit of Rokan Hilir District Forest and Land Fire Control, in this Regent Regulation, asking for approval, while in Riau Province Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2019 does not provide a deterrent effect for forest and land burners.
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He, Yifan, Juan Pablo Baldiviezo, Arun Agrawal, Vicente Candaguira, and Ivette Perfecto. "Guardians of the Forests: How Should an Indigenous Community in Eastern Bolivia Defend Their Land and Forests under Increasing Political and Economic Pressures?" Case Studies in the Environment 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2019.sc.946307.

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Many indigenous communities across Latin America depend on forests for livelihood. In eastern Bolivia, indigenous communities face increasing challenges in forest management due to insecure land tenure, lack of capacity, and state policies that favor extractivism and export-oriented agriculture. This case study examines the dilemma of forest management in the Guarayos Indigenous Territory, with a particular focus on the influence of conflictive policies under Evo Morales administration. Using a combination of literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, and land use/land cover analysis, we investigated the drivers behind the challenges that the Guarayos indigenous community is facing in the forest and land governance and explore potential solutions. We found that deforestation within the Guarayos Indigenous Territory from 2000 to 2017 was primarily driven by agricultural commodity production. Despite its promises on protecting nature and the indigenous peoples, the government weakened the Guarayos indigenous people’s governance capacity through failure of forest law enforcement, prioritization of extractivism and export-oriented agriculture, and support for land titling of external entities. We presented these findings through a case narrative featuring the president of Guarayos indigenous government as the decision-maker. This case study provides an illustrative example of the challenges and management strategies in indigenous land and forest governance in the Latin American context. A Spanish version of this case study is available at https://www.learngala.com/cases/bolivia-forests-esp.
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Salman, Darmawan, Yusran Yusran, and Muhammad Alif K. Sahide. "Integrated Analysis of Forest Policies and Their Impacts on Landscape and Lifescape Dynamics: A Case Study in The Walanae Forest Management Unit, Indonesia." Journal of Landscape Ecology 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2018-0017.

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Abstract In the past few decades, forest policies have caused changes in forest landscape and community lifescape in the study area of Walanae Forest Management Unit (KPH Walanae), South Sulawesi Province. This research aims to analyze forest policy dynamics and their impacts on landscape and lifescape dynamics. We quantify landscape dynamics using land use and land cover change and landscape metrics in interpreting remote sensing results of four data sets obtained in 1990, 2000, 2009, and 2016. Furthermore, we investigate lifescape dynamics using qualitative/quantitative description. We found a rapid land use change in forest landscapes within the past 26 years. A significant change showed that, in 1990–2000, the primary forest that changed into the secondary forest and shrubs has changed into dry land agriculture mix shrubs. The decreased area of the forest brought an increase in economic income for people on one side and large disturbances and forest fragmentation on the other. Various forest policies influenced the forest composition and cover but were insufficiently successful in protecting the natural forest. Results showed that several forest policies that considerably impact the landscape and lifescape conditions include forest land designation, industrial forest plantation, and restoration activities. The policies on establishing KPH and social forest program have not shown the maximum result on the landscape and lifescape improvements and, therefore, must be supported.
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Hossain, Mohammad Ismail, and Shinya Numata. "Effects of Land-Related Policies on Deforestation in a Protected Area: The Case Study of Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh." Conservation 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/conservation1030014.

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In protected areas (PAs) in Bangladesh, as policies shift from net deforestation, conservation initiatives and various management plans have been implemented to reduce deforestation and include public participation at multiple levels. However, the interactive effect of land-related policies on deforestation in PAs is poorly understood. In this study, land-use change analysis using geographic information system data was performed to investigate how policies affected land use and land cover change in Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary (RKWS), particularly the National Forest Policy (1979~), National Land Policy (2001~), and Agricultural Land Policy (1999~), using a series of Landsat images captured at different times. Our analyses showed that the total forest area increased in the 1994–2005 period when a plantation program was implemented, and also that many forest areas were replaced with noncommercial agricultural land areas in the 2005–2013 and 2013–2018 periods, when land zoning and co-management programs were implemented under different land-related policies. Commercial and non-commercial agricultural land expansions were the main drivers of deforestation, suggesting that several programs under the different land-related policies could have had synergetic effects on deforestation even in PAs. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the undesirable effects of land-related policies in Pas, and the need to support the community for forest conservation.
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Kelly, Erin Clover, John C. Bliss, and Hannah Gosnell. "The Mazama returns: the politics and possibilities of tribal land reacquisition." Journal of Political Ecology 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21755.

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After years of policies that undermined tribal sovereignty and land ownership, tribal access to traditional lands has expanded in the U.S., with growing opportunities for tribal land reacquisition. This is occurring within the context of changing rural land use, policies, and tenures, as timber and ranch land owners have divested ownership, resulting in greater land availability. This case study explores, through a political ecology lens, trends connecting rising tribal capacity and power with access to traditional lands, and the connections between politics, economics, race, power, and ecological change. This case provides lessons for indigenous land re-acquisition elsewhere, as indigenous groups globally gain access to political decisionmaking processes and seek to reacquire or rehabilitate their traditional homelands. We explore these trends through the case of the Klamath Tribes in south central Oregon, where the recent breakup of formerly industrial timberland has afforded the Tribes the opportunity to purchase the Mazama Tree Farm, a 36,000 ha part of the former Klamath Reservation. Though the Mazama has not (at the time of publication) been purchased by the Klamath Tribes, they have poised themselves to do so through a series of mechanisms that are driven by increasing tribal capacity, including the capacity to manage forests and to conduct successful negotiations over land and water use.Key words: Tribal capacity, forest restoration, American West, rural restructuring, industrial forest use
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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Ohlsson, Bo. "Farmers and forest land use in Lao PDR and Vietnam /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200918.pdf.

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Ali, Mohammed. "Evaluation of environmental sustainability of forest land use policies of Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394570.

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This study focuses on the influences of past forest policies in Bangladesh on environmental sustainability in forest land use and in human attitudes towards forest. The study concludes that colonial policy was inimical to sustainability in forest resource use. The colonial legacy and its prolonged persistence in the post-colonial period left a lasting imprint on the peoples' attitude to forest resources. People came to see themselves as resource users and considered that as government owns the forest, creating forest is the government's responsibility. Afterwards, with increasing population such as imprint has turned out to be a severe threat to the sustainability of forest. The study investigated forest land use policies in Bangladesh from their origin in the British colonial period to the present, aiming to inquire into the development of peoples' attitude to forest land use. Evidence suggests that prior to the colonial era, there were forestry concerns in the administration of ancient Bengal. However, there were no recognisable forest policies in conflict with peoples' culture and tradition. Traditional hill people used to practise both lowland cultivation and semi-permanent upland cultivation for subsistence. From the British era to the present, people have remained alienated from the forest. The long alienation of people from the forest has caused loss of the peoples' trust in the Forest Department. Forestry in Bangladesh still displays colonial influences. As a result, although an international movement is pushing environmental perspectives of forest land use, Bangladesh is facing difficult challenges in changing the attitude of people and of administration which originated from the discourse of colonial policy. However, efforts through the NGOs have seen partial success in participatory forestry. However, for the long-term perspective the policy needs to be reviewed and improved, encompassing the traditional forest areas, serving the interest of the target groups, improving institutional standards, updating the law and order situation and encouraging a changed discourse among the people.
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Freitas, Flavio L. M. "Brazilian land use policies and the development of ecosystem services." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206844.

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Concerns related to global environmental changes due to land use changes have been driving international communities towards more sustainable land use systems. Brazil is a country of global strategic importance in this matter considering that it is the nation with the largest extension of preserved tropical native vegetation, recognised for its ecosystem services and high and unique biodiversity. Expansion of forestry and agriculture is taking place rapidly in Brazil, partly over degraded pastureland, but also over native vegetation. Regulating policies to govern and limit this expansion is crucial to ensure the preservation of the ecosystems services provided by native vegetation.  This thesis aims at improving the understanding of the potential impacts of prevailing public and private policies in the conservation of nature in Brazil. For this end, the Land Use Policy Assessment (LUPA) model was employed to evaluate potential pathways of implementation of the land use policies. Paper 1 evaluated the effects of current private and public command and control regulations in the protection of above-ground carbon stocks, identifying the most relevant stakeholders holding carbon stocks. The findings suggest that about 10% of carbon stocks are unprotected, where other policy instruments based on the market will be mostly required. Paper 2 performed an assessment of the mechanism for offsetting the legal deficit of native vegetation among landholders, evaluating the different offsetting implementation practices and their impacts on nature protection and socio-economic development. The results indicate that the offsetting mechanism may have little or no additional effects on protection of native vegetation and its ecosystem services because most of the offsetting is likely to take place where native vegetation is already protected by current legislations. However, it is viable to maximise environmental and socio-economic returns from the offsetting mechanism.

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Sawathvong, Silavanh. "Participatory land management planning in biodiversity conservation areas of Lao PDR /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Resource Management and Geomatics, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s267.pdf.

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Hoang, Thi Sen. "Gains and losses: devolution of forestry land and natural forest a study of forest allocation in North Central coast, Vietnam /." Uppsala : Dept. of Urban and Rural Development, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200972.pdf.

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Nordberg, Mats. "State forest management reforms in three ex-Soviet republics : reforms, reasons and differences /." Uppsala : Dept. of forest products, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200767.pdf.

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Ango, Tola Gemechu. "Ecosystem Services and Disservices in an Agriculture–Forest Mosaic : A Study of Forest and Tree Management and Landscape Transformation in Southwestern Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-128537.

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The intertwined challenges of food insecurity, deforestation, and biodiversity loss remain perennial challenges in Ethiopia, despite increasing policy interventions. This thesis investigates smallholding farmers’ tree- and forest-based livelihoods and management practices, in the context of national development and conservation policies, and examines how these local management practices and policies transform the agriculture–forest mosaic landscapes of southwestern Ethiopia. The thesis is guided by a political ecology perspective, and focuses on an analytical framework of ecosystem services (ESs) and disservices (EDs). It uses a mixed research design with data from participatory field mapping, a tree ‘inventory’, interviews, focus group discussions, population censuses, and analysis of satellite images and aerial photos. The thesis presents four papers. Paper I investigates how smallholding farmers in an agriculture–forest mosaic landscape manage trees and forests in relation to a few selected ESs and EDs that they consider particularly beneficial or problematic. The farmers’ management practices were geared towards mitigating tree- and forest-related EDs such as wild mammal crop raiders, while at the same time augmenting ESs such as shaded coffee production, resulting in a restructuring of the agriculture–forest mosaic. Paper II builds further on the EDs introduced in paper I, to assess the effects of crop raids by forest-dwelling wild mammals on farmers’ livelihoods. The EDs of wild mammals and human–wildlife conflict are shown to constitute a problem that goes well beyond a narrow focus on yield loss. The paper illustrates the broader impacts of crop-raiding wild mammals on local agricultural and livelihood development (e.g. the effects on food security and children’s schooling), and how state forest and wildlife control and related conservation policy undermined farmers’ coping strategies. Paper III examines local forest-based livelihood sources and how smallholders’ access to forests is reduced by state transfer of forestland to private companies for coffee investment. This paper highlights how relatively small land areas appropriated for investment in relatively densely inhabited areas can harm the livelihoods of many farmers, and also negatively affect forest conservation. Paper IV investigates the patterns and drivers of forest cover change from 1958 to 2010. Between 1973 and 2010, 25% of the total forest was lost, and forest cover changes varied both spatially and temporally. State development and conservation policies spanning various political economies (feudal, socialist, and ‘free market-oriented’) directly or indirectly affected local ecosystem use, ecosystem management practices, and migration processes. These factors (policies, local practices, and migration) have thus together shaped the spatial patterns of forest cover change in the last 50 years. The thesis concludes that national development and conservation policies and the associated power relations and inequality have often undermined local livelihood security and forest conservation efforts. It also highlights how a conceptualization of a local ecosystem as a provider of both ESs and EDs can generate an understanding of local practices and decisions that shape development and conservation trajectories in mosaic landscapes. The thesis draws attention to the need to make development and conservation policies relevant and adaptable to local conditions as a means to promote local livelihood and food security, forest and biodiversity conservation, and ESs generated by agricultural mosaic landscapes.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: Submitted. Paper 4: Manuscript.

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Beland, Lindahl Karin. "Frame analysis, place perceptions and the politics of natural resource management : exploring a forest policy controversy in Sweden /." Uppsala : Dept. of Urban and Rural Development, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200860.pdf.

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Sierra-Maldonado, Rodrigo. "Land use strategies of household based enterprises, the timber industry, and deforestation in northwest Ecuador: the articulation of market forces, national policies, and local conditions /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487858106116904.

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ROSSI, AMALIA. "L'ambiente come spettacolo. Etnicità, sviluppo rurale e visioni politiche del paesaggio nel Nord della Tailandia (provincia di Nan)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/35123.

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The thesis consists in a discussion of ethnographic sources gathered during fieldwork in Nan Province- Northern Thailand- in 2008 and 2009. The analysis operates at least on three interplaying levels. Firstly, drawing from theoretical suggestions coming from E.Goffman, G.Debord, C.Geertz, J.Scott and other authors, I emphasize the usefulness of the theatre-spectacle metaphor for the study of developmental and environmental social dynamics, as it allows to describe the institutionalization of a moral and aesthetic discourse of social responsibility and helps to explain frictions and contradictions happening in the backstage of the environmental spectacle at local, national and international scale. Secondly, I show how the articulation of environmental and landscape imaginaries, narratives and projections encourages forms of territorialization and counter-territorialization which are not reducible to a simplistic opposition between hegemonic and subaltern subjects and which need to be explored looking for cases that contradict this theoretical dichotomy through the description of situational subjective agencies. Thirdly, I enlighten a path along which the ideas of subalternity and hegemony are crucial not for the fact that they enclose specific and stable subjectivities, but for the reason that competition within and combination of hegemonic and subaltern social capitals in the environmental arena are sources of institutional stabilization in a country that is often in political trouble. The selective and discrete analysis of different stakeholders involved in this arena,reflected in the titling and succession of five chapters leads to understand how, similarly to what happens in the Luigi Pirandello’s drama I sei personaggi in cerca di autore (Engl.trans. Six characters looking for an author) I found out that subaltern subjects, and especially non T’ai and non-Buddhist ethnic minorities that used to be part of the communist guerrilla (1965-1983), in recent years tend to act like characters looking for an author who is capable of legitimizing their presence on the environmental stage; in this scenario, egemonic authors themselves (environmental institutional agencies) may behave as actors looking for other, superior sources of authority (Buddhist religion, the King, the media, the UN agencies...). Only if 'masked' as Khon M'uang they become able to act in the environmental spectacle as authorized subjects. Environmental populism works as a territorializing force and enact symbolic dispositives that indirectly tend to rewrite (and sometimes to cancel) upland environmental culture by the means of correcting its landscape.
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Books on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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David, Haley, and Hoberg George 1958-, eds. Policies for sustainably managing Canada's forests: Tenure, stumpage fees, and forest practices. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2011.

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Neil, Adger W., Pettenella Davide, and Whitby Martin Charles, eds. Climate-change mitigation and European land-use policies. Oxford: CAB International, 1997.

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Minamiguchi, Naoki. Forest and land use policies that destroy: Rural poverty, environment, and land rights in northeast Thailand. Bloomington, IN: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, 1995.

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Gyamtsho, Pema, Singh Bijay Kumar, Rasul Golam, and International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development., eds. Capitalisation and sharing of experiences on the interaction between forest policies and land use patterns in Asia: Linking people with resources. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 2006.

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Freund, Simon. Impacts of land and forest policies on the livelihood of ethnic minorities in Lao PDR. Khon Kaen, Thailand: Information and Knowledge Management Program of Mekong Institute, 2010.

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Max, Krott, ed. Policies for sustainable forestry in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. Leiden: Brill, 2000.

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Who controls public lands?: Mining, forestry, and grazing policies, 1870-1990. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Resources. Federal lands management and policies: Oversight hearing before the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, on the effects of federal management, control, and policies on federal forests in the western states and Alasaka [i.e. Alaska], April 18, 1996--Washington, DC. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.

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International Conference on Bringing Back the Forests: Policies and Practices for Degraded Lands and Forests (2002 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). Bringing back the forests: Policies and practices for degraded lands and forests : proceedings of an international conference, 7-10 October 2002, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Edited by Sim Heok-Choh, Appanah S. (Simmathiri), Durst Patrick B, Asia Pacific Association of Forestry Research Institutions, and FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok, Thailand: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 2003.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Resources. Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Lands. Forest Service's management policies and ecoregion assessments: Oversight hearings before the Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Lands of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, on Forest Service policies for river management of the Green River and the Snake River, April 30, 1996--Washington, DC, Forest Service ecoregion assessments, May 21, 1996--Washington, DC. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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Saravanan, Velayutham. "Land and Forest Policies." In Political Economy of Development and Environment in Modern India, 131–51. London: Routledge India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003344254-5.

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Beasley, Lamar. "Resources Planning Act-The Forest Service Planning Umbrella." In Land Use Planning Techniques and Policies, 89–95. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub12.c6.

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Collins, N. Mark, Jeffrey A. Sayer, and Timothy C. Whitmore. "Government Policies and Land Use Planning." In The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests Asia and the Pacific, 56–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12030-7_8.

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Anttila, Perttu, and Hans Verkerk. "Forest Biomass Availability." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change, 91–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_5.

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AbstractThe forest-based bioeconomy relies on using forests as a source of raw material for producing materials and energy, as well as for a variety of other ecosystem services. The uses of forests and wood are many and, to some extent, competing. Can a limited resource simultaneously and sustainably provide raw materials for products, feedstock for energy production, and other ecosystem services? Over one-third of the land area in the EU is covered by forests, but there are large differences between the member states regarding both forest area and growing stock of wood. The harvesting of roundwood has been steadily increasing. In addition to roundwood, other tree parts, as well as residues from forest industries and post-consumer wood, are being used for both materials and energy production. There are non-negligible uncertainties regarding the future availability of forest biomass in the context of climate change, as well as difficulties to concern all the relevant constraints on biomass supply in relation to availability assessments and the difficult-to-predict effects of policies. Despite the above, it can be concluded that there is still potential to increase the utilisation of forest biomass in most of the EU regions, but this might affect the provisioning of other important ecosystem services.
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Kilpeläinen, Antti, and Heli Peltola. "Carbon Sequestration and Storage in European Forests." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change, 113–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_6.

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AbstractEuropean forests have been acting as a significant carbon sink for the last few decades. However, there are significant distinctions among the forest carbon sinks in different parts of Europe due to differences in the area and structure of the forests, and the harvesting intensity of these. In many European countries, the forest area has increased through natural forest expansion and the afforestation of low-productivity agricultural lands. Changing environmental conditions and improved forest management practices have also increased the carbon sequestration and storage in forests in different regions. The future development of carbon sequestration and storage in European forests will be affected both by the intensity of forest management and harvesting (related to future wood demand) and the severity of climate change and the associated increase in natural forest disturbances. Climate change may also affect the carbon dynamics of forests in different ways, depending on geographical region. Therefore, many uncertainties exist in the future development of carbon sequestration and storage in European forests, and their contribution to climate change mitigation. The demand for multiple ecosystem services, and differences in national and international strategies and policies (e.g. the European Green Deal, climate and biodiversity policies), may also affect the future development of carbon sinks in European forests.
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Hetemäki, Lauri, and Jyri Seppälä. "Planetary Boundaries and the Role of the Forest-Based Sector." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change, 19–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_2.

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Abstract‘Planetary boundaries’ is a concept that has been introduced by Earth system scientists to refer particularly to anthropogenic pressures on the Earth system that have reached a scale where abrupt global environmental change can no longer be excluded. In the planetary boundaries discussion, climate change plays a central role due to its overarching impacts on all the other planetary boundaries. For example, climate change critically impacts biodiversity and land-use changes. Consequently, climate change shapes policies, strategies and actions at the global, continental, national, regional and individual levels. The main policy through which the EU is seeking to address climate change and direct the region to live within the planetary boundaries is the European Green Deal (EGD), launched in 2019. The EGD clearly acknowledges the role forests can play in sinking carbon and suggests measures to enhance forest restoration and conservation. However, it falls short of recognising the role that the forest-based bioeconomy can also play in achieving the EGD objectives. History shows that European forests can simultaneously increase the carbon sink, biodiversity and wood production.
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Sari, Yulia Indrawati. "The Dynamics of the Green Policies in Papua Land: A Political Economy Study." In Environment & Policy, 185–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15904-6_11.

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AbstractThe provincial governments of Papua and West Papua have expressed their commitments and enacted policies to develop Papua Land in a sustainable manner through the issuance of Papua 2100 Vision, the 2019 Manokwari Declaration, and the ‘green’ spatial plan of Papua province. However, the implementation of these policies in balancing protection of forests and improvement of livelihood of indigenous Papuans has been slow. By employing a political economy approach, the study explores how interactions between the political economy structure, institutions, and actors have resulted in slow implementation of such commitments, particularly in reviewing the compliance of land-based industry licenses and acknowledging customary (adat) areas. The study was conducted between February 2020 and March 2021 and encompassed approximately 50 key informant interviews – including donors, civil society organizations, adat leaders, national and subnational governments, observers, academics, and journalists – and document review. The findings of this study suggest that the reform is mainly driven by development partners and limited numbers of bureaucrats that align with the indigenous Papuans’ interest to protect their land from outsiders. The small coalitions were successful in focusing their effort to enact green policies in the two provinces. However, the study highlights constraints faced by these actors to turn the policies into actions: (1) the existence of wide array of powerful actors – non-Papuans and Papuans – with strong economic and political interests identified at central, provincial, and regency level to hinder the enforcement of problematic land-based licenses and clarify adat areas; (2) the absence of broad-based political support. These have hampered the implementation of the green policies under the two aspects above. This study recommends reviewing policy at the national level to create enabling environment for green policies implementation in both provinces, e.g., to review the Omnibus Law, supporting the regency-level actors to accelerate issuance of the perda PPMHA and local-level regulations on adat-managed areas, supporting licenses review in Southern part of Papua Province to limit the operation of these businesses to expand in forest areas and disrespect adat rights over their lands, and exploring engagement with the opposing parties at all administrative level.
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Di Cosmo, Lucio, and Antonio Floris. "Biodiversity and Protected Wooded Lands." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 391–446. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_9.

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AbstractThe importance of forests for their functions other than timber and wood production has dramatically increased in the last decades with the increased awareness of the risks deriving from deforestation and the acknowledgment of the great amount of goods and benefits forests provide. Consequently, national forest inventories have widened their objectives and nowadays include variables related to environmental aspects. Among these aspects, biodiversity plays a key role for forest ecosystems’ adaptation to climate change. This chapter details the INFC2015 estimates regarding tree species diversity. It also shows the estimates on the naturalness of the stands’ regeneration processes and those on the presence and type of deadwood in forests. In addition to carbon storage, standing dead trees, stumps and lying deadwood also have a great potential for biodiversity. Forest protection is also pursued through laws and policies that allow for the creation of protected areas of various type and protection degree. The main inventory statistics on wooded lands in protected areas are given in the last section of this chapter.
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Gasparini, Patrizia, Lucio Di Cosmo, and Antonio Floris. "Area and Characteristics of Italian Forests." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 151–325. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_7.

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AbstractAwareness of exhaustible forest resources is not recent in human history; rather, it dates back to the late Middle Ages, when it became clear that some kind of planning was needed to utilise forest resources and to do so, assessment was necessary. Postponed in time, enlarged to a national scale and based on statistical sampling, compared to the inventory methods adopted at that time, modern NFIs are assigned to produce sound information necessary to support forest policies. Forest areas and composition, ownership, growing stock and increment, as well as management, silviculture and structural characters are among the variables assessed by NFIs. This chapter provides statistics on those variables. For areas, estimates are shown for Total wooded area, Forest, Other wooded land, and their distribution among inventory categories and forest types, which describe species composition. In addition, the chapter also addresses distribution by altitude classes. For stands characters, areas are shown by crown coverage, development stage and age class. Lastly, inventory statistics are given on the presence and amount of small trees and shrubs.
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Saxena, Krishna G., Kottapalli S. Rao, and Rakesh K. Maikhuri. "Long-Term Tracking of Multiple Benefits of Participatory Forest Restoration in Marginal Cultural Landscapes in Himalaya." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 61–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_4.

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AbstractThe literature is abound with references to the potential of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) for sustainable landscape management, but empirical on-the-ground efforts that demonstrate this potential are still lacking. To identify interventions for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of forest restoration, participatory trials were set out in the Indian Himalaya, where per capita degraded land far exceeds per capita cropped/healthy forest land. Treatments were designed based on pooled indigenous and scientific knowledge taking into account farm-forest-livelihood interactions in cultural landscapes. The multipurpose tree-bamboo-medicinal herb mixed restoration plantation reached a state of economic benefit/cost ratio >1 in the eighth year and recovered 30–50% of flowering plant species and carbon stock in intact forest. The communities maintained but did not expand restoration in the absence of policies addressing their genuine needs and aspirations. Transformative change for sustainable restoration would include (1) nesting restoration in participatory, long-term, adaptive and integrated landscape development programmes, (2) formally involving communities in planning, monitoring, bioprospecting, and financial management, (3) assuring long-term funding but limited to the inputs unaffordable for local people, (4) stimulating the inquisitive minds of local people by enriching ILK and cultural heritage, (5) convincing policymakers to provide the scientific rationale behind policy stands, to support the regular interactions of communities with researchers, traders, and industrialists, to commit to genuine payment for ecosystem services in unambiguous terms at multiple spatial (household, village and village cluster) and temporal (short, medium and long-term) scales, and to support long-term participatory action research for development of “landscape restoration models” in varied socio-ecological scenarios.
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Conference papers on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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Justeau-Allaire, Dimitri, Philippe Vismara, Philippe Birnbaum, and Xavier Lorca. "Systematic Conservation Planning for Sustainable Land-use Policies: A Constrained Partitioning Approach to Reserve Selection and Design." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/818.

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Faced with natural habitat degradation, fragmentation, and destruction, it is a major challenge for environmental managers to implement sustainable land use policies promoting socioeconomic development and natural habitat conservation in a balanced way. Relying on artificial intelligence and operational research, reserve selection and design models can be of assistance. This paper introduces a partitioning approach based on Constraint Programming (CP) for the reserve selection and design problem, dealing with both coverage and complex spatial constraints. Moreover, it introduces the first CP formulation of the buffer zone constraint, which can be reused to compose more complex spatial constraints. This approach has been evaluated in a real-world dataset addressing the problem of forest fragmentation in New Caledonia, a biodiversity hotspot where managers are gaining interest in integrating these methods into their decisional processes. Through several scenarios, it showed expressiveness, flexibility, and ability to quickly find solutions to complex questions.
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Shamsuzzaman, Muhammad. "Challenges of spatial planning in coastal regions of Bangladesh. A case for Chalna." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mkmg5699.

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The delta land Bangladesh has a unique coastline where numerous rivers meet the Bay of Bengal, creates a complex net of tidal river estuaries, forming the base for world’s largest mangrove forest the Sundarbans. Chalna is small town located at the confluence of Rupsha and Chunkuri rivers, only 9 km north of the Sundarbans, and a well know river port. The Sundarbans, which acts as a buffer between the sea and the human habitats including arable lands. The forest is rich in unique biodiversity and natural resources providing livelihoods of a large number of people living in the towns and villages around it. As the region is near the sea and land morphology is plain and of low altitude it is always vulnerable to natural disasters. Due to global warming and sea level rising the land mass is vulnerable to flooding. The sign of climate change; erratic behavior of rainfall and draught, intrusion of salinity etc., are changing the usual pattern of agriculture and fishing, affecting the livelihoods of the people here. The eco system of this mangrove forest is also threatened by recent policies of the Government and initiatives of private sectors of establishing high risk industrial establishments like thermal power plant, liquid petroleum gas stations etc., around Chalna and its surrounding region in sprawling manner. The potential of running large number of vessels through the rivers and canals of the Sundarbans might have negative impacts of the flora and fauna living there. Popular protests against these harmful interventions are being observed, international public organizations and concerned learned societies are also recommending not let these damaging developments going on. Although there are some promises from the government to the international agencies, there is no sign of management of such developments. This paper systematically investigates the reasons of this phenomenon, identifies the challenges and concludes that; absence of regional spatial planning in Bangladesh, neglecting the values of environment and public goods, defying the regulations in various ways and not accounting public opinions in the decision making process are the core ones.
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Almeida, Ana Maria de, Moshe Ben-Akiva, Francisco Câmara Pereira, Anwar Gauche, Cristian Angelo Guevara, Samuel Niza, and Christopher Zegras. "The virtual city with real decisions: ITEAM." In Virtual cities and territories. Coimbra: Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Coimbra and e-GEO, Research Center in Geography and Regional Planning of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Nova University of Lisbon, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7735.

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This paper introduces an integrated transportation and energy activity-based model (iTEAM), a tool for the evaluation of “green policies” aimed at enhancing sustainability and well-being. The model will simulate individual/household and organization/firm agents at a micro level. The aggregate simulation results will help forecast the impacts of policies on transport system efficiency and land-use dynamics in the simulated areas. This process is complemented by Material Flow Accounting (MFA) techniques, which account for a range of factors including wellbeing, waste production, and carbon emissions to calculate the urban metabolism.
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Chamorro Ruíz, Mayelis, Julián Fernando Chaves, Jaime Hernán Aristizábal Ceballos, María Isabel Montoya, María José Henao Padilla, and Nestor Castro Villamarín. "Importance of Monitoring Third-Party Actions in the Management of the Threat and Risk Posed by Climate and External Forces." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8557.

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The major events involving geotechnical instability that have affected the operation of the hydrocarbon-transfer systems maintained by VIT-Ecopetrol in recent years indicate the importance of managing — in conjunction with the local authorities, the communities, and other stakeholders — policies regarding appropriate land use on and near the rights-of-way (ROWs). With a view toward ensuring ongoing operations that are in harmony with the environment, VIT-Ecopetrol has been implementing strategies for working with the Colombian government toward the development of scenarios involving shared responsibility for risk management. These scenarios include the harmonization of regional land-use planning with the presence of the hydrocarbon-transport infrastructure; the preparation of emergency plans; and the mitigation of slope-instability events associated with intense deforestation, uncontrolled urban expansion, and other significant changes in land use. This paper describes the advances that have been made in monitoring the actions of third parties in connection with the management of the threat and risk posed by climate and external forces, based on an analysis of the development of the region and its interaction with areas of geotechnical interest.
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Sandoval Félix, Javier, J. Morillón, and K. Camorlinga. "Adecuación y reprogramación del software urban growth simulator para su utilización en los procesos de planeación de la ciudad de Ensenada, B.C., México." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Mexicali: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7621.

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Debido a la creciente complejidad de las ciudades actuales, cada vez es más necesario contar con herramientas que ayuden a entender sus procesos urbanos, anticipar futuros no deseados y prever los efectos de políticas urbanas sobre las ciudades antes de aplicarse. Más aún, dichas herramientas deben de diseñarse de acuerdo a las necesidades de cada una de los lugares en donde se aplican. En el año 2002 se puso en marcha un proyecto denominado Urban Growth Simulator (Simulador de Crecimiento Urbano o UGS) desarrollado por el Laboratorio de Geografía Aplicada del Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad de Kent State que permitía realizar simulaciones para el Noreste de Ohio como apoyo a la planeación y evaluación de políticas de usos de suelo, caracterizándose por su sencillez de uso como por la flexibilidad de ingresar una variedad de información a tomar en cuenta en la simulación, arrojando como resultado un mapa y datos cuantitativos para evaluar diferentes escenarios de crecimiento y proveer información crítica al momento de tomar decisiones sobre políticas de uso de suelo. Con el objetivo de utilizarlo para sus procesos de planeación el Instituto Municipal de Investigación y Planeación de Ensenada solicitó a la Universidad de Kent State el código fuente del UGS para volver a programar su funcionamiento con el fin de adecuarlo a las necesidades propias de la ciudad. Este proceso se describe en el presente trabajo, donde se menciona el origen y experiencias del UGS en los EUA, se caracterizan sus prestaciones originales para posteriormente explicar los motivos de su adecuación así como las características de las mismas. Para terminar se muestra un ejemplo de ejecución del programa aplicado al valle agrícola de Maneadero en la ciudad de Ensenada, donde se muestran los resultados de lo que podría suceder al aplicar varias políticas de desarrollo urbano. Concluye con futuras adecuaciones que se planean realizar. Due to the increasing complexity of cities, it is necessary more than ever to have tools that help us understand its urban processes, anticipate unwanted futures and foresee the effects of urban politics in cities before they are applied. Even more, such tools must be designed according to the necessities of each place in which they are going to be applied. In 2002 a project called Urban Growth Simulator (UGS) was initiated developed by the Applied Geography Laboratory of the Department of Geography of Kent State University that allowed to make simulations for Northeast Ohio as a mean of support to planning and evaluation of land use policies, characterized for its simplicity of use as for its flexibility for the input of a variety of data to be taken into account in the simulation, outputting a map and quantitative data for the evaluation of different scenarios of growth, providing critical information for decision taking about land use policies. Due to the increasing complexity of cities, it is necessary more than ever to have tools that help us understand its urban processes, anticipate unwanted futures and foresee the effects of urban politics in cities before they are applied. Even more, such tools must be designed according to the necessities of each place in which they are going to be applied. In 2002 a project called Urban Growth Simulator (UGS) was initiated developed by the Applied Geography Laboratory of the Department of Geography of Kent State University that allowed to make simulations for Northeast Ohio as a mean of support to planning and evaluation of land use policies, characterized for its simplicity of use as for its flexibility for the input of a variety of data to be taken into account in the simulation, outputting a map and quantitative data for the evaluation of different scenarios of growth, providing critical information for decision taking about land use policies.With the objective of using it for its planning exercises the Municipal Institute of Research and Planning of Ensenada requested the source code of the UGS to Ken State University in order to reprogram its operation for adapting it to the cities own necessities. This process is described in this work, in which the origin and experiences of the UGS in the USA is mentioned, its original functionality is characterized and the purposes of its adaptation are mentioned as well as modifications are explained. Last, an example of the software is shown as applied to the agricultural valley of Maneadero in the city of Ensenada, in which results are shown of what could happen by applying various urban development policies. It concludes with future adaptations that are planned to be done to the UGS.
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SZYSZKO, JAN. "FOREST POLICIES, CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies 40th Session. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814289139_0003.

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Alshamsi, Asma S. "Predicting car insurance policies using random forest." In 2014 10th International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/innovations.2014.6987575.

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SZYSZKO, JAN. "FOREST POLICIES, CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies 42nd Session. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814327503_0006.

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Kuznetsova, Daria, and Andrei Ptichnikov. "APPLICATION OF THE LDN SCIENTIFIC FRAMEWORK TO ASSESS SUSTAINABILITY OF FOREST MANAGEMENT IN KOMI MODEL FOREST, KOMI REPUBLIC, RUSSIA." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1675.978-5-317-06490-7/58-62.

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Land Degradation Neutrality Framework (LDN) is an approach currently being developed to address land degradation on a global scale. LDN is one of the key approaches to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (goal 15 «Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss»). On the example of the Komi model forest in Komi Republic, Russia, we analyze applicability of the LDN global indicators to the boreal forests of Russia. We also propose options for adapting the LDN international methodology for assessment of boreal ecosystems degradation processes.
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Kuderina, Tatyana, Svetlana Suslova, Arseny Kudikov, and Vsevolod Lunin. "ATMOGEOCHEMICAL INDICATORS - INDICATORS OF FOREST - STEPPE LANDSCAPES DEGRADATION." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1689.978-5-317-06490-7/116-120.

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Anthropogenic development of forest-steppe landscapes has a long-term character. For the landscape-geochemical systems of the forest-steppe, under the conditions of the prevalence of vertically directed geochemical flows, the main limiting factor of functioning is the presence of a sufficient amount of atmospheric precipitation. Geochemical monitoring is carried out on the territory of the Kursk Biosphere Station, one of the purpose of which is to study the atmogeochemical component of forest-steppe landscapes. It is shown that atmogeochemical indicators - dustiness of the atmosphere, pollution of atmospheric precipitation, snow cover - can act as indicators of geochemical degradation of landscapes. For the assessment of atmospheric pollution of the natural landscape and definition of air routes of migration of the elements of a permanent atmogeochemical monitoring is required.
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Reports on the topic "Land and forest policies"

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Gyamtsho, P., B. K. Singh, and G. Rasul. Capitalisation and Sharing of Experiences on the Interaction between Forest Policies and Land Use Patterns in Asia: Linking People with Resources; Volume 1: Proceedings Summary. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.442.

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Gyamtsho, P., B. K. Singh, and G. Rasul. Capitalisation and Sharing of Experiences on the Interaction between Forest Policies and Land Use Patterns in Asia: Linking People with Resources; Volume 1: Proceedings Summary. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.442.

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Gyamtsho, P., B. K. Singh, and G. Rasul. Capitalisation and Sharing of Experiences on the Interaction between Forest Policies and Land Use Patterns in Asia: Linking People with Resources; Volume 2: Technical Papers. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.443.

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Fagúndez, Jaime, Laura Lagos, José Antonio Cortés Vázquez, and Flávia Canastra. Galician Wild Ponies. Socio-Economic Context and Environmental Benefits: Galicia Area Report and Case Study for GrazeLIFE (LIFE18 PRE NL 002). Publishing Service-University of A Coruña, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498234.

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The University of A Coruña is partner of the GRAZELIFE LIFE preparatory project (LIFE 18 PRE/NL002). We contributed to the main aim of the project of promoting sustainable grazing by large herbivores, with the study of the particular case of Galician wild ponies as a natural grazing semi-wild land use model, and alternative land uses of short and long-term afforestation, extensive grazing and abandonment. We selected two sub-areas in Galicia representing different situations in dominant land uses and the wild ponies’ system. Xistral, in the north, is a protected Natura 2000 site covered by wet heaths and bogs, ponies are owned by commoners that are mainly cattle farmers. Groba, in the south, is a drier area with dominance of forestry use and high frequency of wildfires, where ponies are owned by non-professional farmers. We performed twenty personal semi-structured interviews with pony owners, land owners and related experts from different sectors (afforestation, tourism, conservation NGOs), and performed two focus groups. We discussed topics such as their relation with ponies, the challenges they face, their demands and feelings on the policies, including CAP subsidies or compensations for wolf attacks, and their expectations for the future. In the field, we selected representative stands of each land use model in each sub-area and performed a systematic record of plant species, measures of plant biomass, and collected soil samples. Measures were used as proxies of biodiversity changes, carbon storage and wildfire risk, to compare between the selected models.
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Fagúndez, Jaime, Laura Lagos, José Antonio Cortés Vázquez, and Flávia Canastra. Galician Wild Ponies. Socio-Economic Context and Environmental Benefits: Galicia Area Report and Case Study for GrazeLIFE (LIFE18 PRE NL 002). Publishing Service-University of A Coruña, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498241.

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The University of A Coruña is partner of the GRAZELIFE LIFE preparatory project (LIFE 18 PRE/NL002). We contributed to the main aim of the project of promoting sustainable grazing by large herbivores, with the study of the particular case of Galician wild ponies as a natural grazing semi-wild land use model, and alternative land uses of short and long-term afforestation, extensive grazing and abandonment. We selected two sub-areas in Galicia representing different situations in dominant land uses and the wild ponies’ system. Xistral, in the north, is a protected Natura 2000 site covered by wet heaths and bogs, ponies are owned by commoners that are mainly cattle farmers. Groba, in the south, is a drier area with dominance of forestry use and high frequency of wildfires, where ponies are owned by non-professional farmers. We performed twenty personal semi-structured interviews with pony owners, land owners and related experts from different sectors (afforestation, tourism, conservation NGOs), and performed two focus groups. We discussed topics such as their relation with ponies, the challenges they face, their demands and feelings on the policies, including CAP subsidies or compensations for wolf attacks, and their expectations for the future. In the field, we selected representative stands of each land use model in each sub-area and performed a systematic record of plant species, measures of plant biomass, and collected soil samples. Measures were used as proxies of biodiversity changes, carbon storage and wildfire risk, to compare between the selected models.
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Alexander, Serena E., Ahoura Zandiatashbar, and Branka Tatarevic. Fragmented or Aligned Climate Action: Assessing Linkages Between Regional and Local Planning Efforts to Meet Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Targets. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2146.

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Amid the rising climate change concerns, California enacted Senate Bill 375 (SB 375) to tackle transportation greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. SB 375 requires Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) to develop a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS), a regional transportation and land use vision plan, to reduce GHG emissions. Meanwhile, a local government can develop a Climate Action Plan (CAP), a non-binding, voluntary plan to reduce GHG emissions that may align with the regional SCS. Recent progress reports indicate California is not making sufficient progress to meet SB 375 emissions reduction targets, which raises important questions: (1) Are the transportation and land use strategies and targets in SCS plans reflected in the local plans to build sustainable communities? (2) Does the alignment of regional and local transportation and land use strategies mitigate GHG emissions through vehicle trip reduction? (3) How different are the effects of independent local action and alignment of local and regional actions on vehicle trip reduction? Through an in-depth content analysis of plans and policies developed by five MPOs and 20 municipalities and a quantitative analysis of the impact of local and regional strategy alignment on vehicle trip reduction over time, this study shows that the patterns of local and regional climate policy are diverse across the state, but poor alignment is not necessarily a sign of limited climate action at the local level. Cities with a long climate-planning history and the capacity to act innovatively can lead regional efforts or adopt their own independent approach. Nonetheless, there are clear patterns of common strategies in local and regional plans, such as active transportation strategies and planning for densification and land use diversity. Well-aligned regional and local level climate-friendly infrastructure appear to have the most significant impact on vehicle-trip reduction, on average a 7% decrease in vehicle trips. Yet, many local-level strategies alone, such as for goods movement, urban forest strategies, parking requirements, and education and outreach programs, are effective in vehicle-trip reduction. A major takeaway from this research is that although local and regional climate policy alignment can be essential for reducing vehicle trips, local action is equally important.
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Kamal, A., M. Kamaluddin, and M. Ullah. Land Policies, Land Management and Land Degradation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: Bangladesh Study Report. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.306.

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Dhar, T. N. Land Policies, Land Management and Land Degradation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: India Study Report. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.354.

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9

Zakaria, V., and S. Aftab. Land Policies, Land Management and Land Degradation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: Pakistan Study Report. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.308.

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Xia, Z., C. Yunlong, and Z. Jian-Ling. Land Policies, Land Management and Land Degradation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: China Study Report. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.353.

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