Journal articles on the topic 'Lambs'
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1
Alexander, G., D. Stevens, and LR Bradley. "Fostering in sheep: an exploratory comparison of several approaches." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 4 (1989): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890509.
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Six potential methods for fostering lambs were investigated. Three involved transferring soft paraffin, dilute detergent solution or a hessian coat from a ewe's own lamb to a potential foster lamb. The effectiveness of placing own lamb's wool in a mask worn by the foster ewe was also tested, together with washing lambs in detergent solution. In the sixth procedure, untreated foster lambs were merely confined with the foster ewe. The first 3 methods, which attempted to transfer odour between lambs were 80-93% successful, and transfer of soft paraffin and coats resulted in earlier acceptance of alien lambs than complete washing or confinement alone. The effectiveness of a ewe mask containing own lamb's wool was intermediate. The initial application of soft paraffin, prior to transfer, also appeared to increase the attractiveness of alien lambs to ewes. Some flock differences in ease of fostering were encountered.
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MINAS (Α. ΜΗΝΑΣ), A., I. THANIOTIS (Η. ΘΑΝΙΩΤΗΣ), and P. CHAMILOPATIS (Π. ΧΑΜΗΛΟΠΑΤΗΣ). "The pattern of IgG concentration in neonatal lamb's sera from birth till 7th day (168th hour)." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 49, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15761.
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A quantitation of IgG was made, using R.I.D test, in blood sera of 15 newborn iambs. The quantity of IgG was measured in time intervals immediately after birth and before suckling till 168th hour after birth. Two lambs out of 15 have detectable amount of IgG in their sera before suckling. The maximum concentration of IgG in 11 lambs sera was measured 24 hours, in 3 lambs sera 36 hours, and in 1 lamb's serum 48 hours after birth, respectively. In three lambs out of 15, a percentage of 20%, the serum concentration of IgG was less than 30 mg/ml. One of these lambs died and another got ill 120 hours after birth.
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Rosa-Velazquez, Milca, Juan M. Pinos-Rodriguez, and Alejandro E. Relling. "31 Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid and methionine supplementation during late gestation on offspring growth, glucose tolerance test, and carcass characteristic in sheep." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.190.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), methionine (M) or both to ewes during late gestation on offspring growth, dry matter intake (DMI), carcass composition, and glucose and insulin metabolism (by conducting a glucose tolerance test (GTT)). Seventy-two post-weaned lambs (6 pens/treatment, 3 lambs/pen) born from ewes supplemented from gestation day 100 until lambing were used. Dam supplementation was: 1) no PUFA nor M supplementation (NFA-NM); 2) supplementation with PUFA (PUFA-NM, 1 % StrataG113); 3) supplementation with M (NFA-MET, 0.1 % rumen protected methionine, Smartamine); and 4) supplementation with PUFA and M (PUFA-MET). At weaning (60 days of age) lambs were fed a common finishing diet for 54 days, and DMI was measured daily. Lambs were weighed on weaning day (d0), d28, and d54. Twenty-four lambs (one per pen) were used for a GTT on d55. On d56, other 24 lambs were harvested for carcass characteristics measurements. Offspring data was analyzed as a 2x2x2 factorial (FA, M, and sex). Ewe supplementation affected (P < 0.1) lamb DMI. On d54 lambs born from No FA and methionine showed a greater DMI. There was a tendency for plasma glucose concentration for PUFA*MET*Time (P = 0.07) in the GGT. Lambs born from ewes supplemented with methionine had greater glucose concentration than NFA-NM born lambs, and lambs born from PUFA*MET had greater glucose concentration than the other lambs at 2m of the GGT. Dam MET supplementation decreased lamb’s insulin response (P = 0.06). Hot carcass weight (HCW) (P = 0.08) and Ribeye area (REA) (P = 0.02) were affected by treatment and sex. A tendency and a triple interaction FA*MET*Sex were observed; NFA-MET methionine had a greater HCW and a larger REA. In conclusion, lamb’s insulin response and carcass characteristics are affected by dam’s supplementation.
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Petrovic, Milan, Violeta Caro-Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Vukasin Stefanovic, Bogdan Cekic, and Ivan Cosic. "Quantitative genetic analysis of variability and relationship of lambs body weight traits in population of indigenous Pirot sheep." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 36, no. 3 (2020): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah2003271p.
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Quantitative genetic analysis of variability and relationship of lambs body weight traits in indigenous pirot sheep population are done. The examined lambs had high variability which very suitable for selection on a larger weight. There is a high and very significant correlation between the body weight of lambs with 30 and 60 days (.969 **) and the weight with 30 and 90 days (.914 **). There is also a highly significant correlation between the weights of lambs with 60 and 90 days of age (.904 **). From our research, we can see that the first month of the lamb's life is very important for the further development of the body. There is different level of correlation between weight of lambs. This gives us an idea to say that many paragenetic factors are crucial for the growth of lambs from birth to weaning. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) is 0.845 which means that 8.45% of the lamb's body weight variance at 90 days is determined by the variance of the set of predictor variables (PI-60, 30, 1). Each increase in lamb body weight during the observed periods of age is associated with an increase in the score of depending variable PI90. In particular, any increase in lamb body weight at birth by 1 kg is associated with an increase in lamb body weight from 90 days by 0.238 kg.
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Claffey, Noel A., Alan G. Fahey, Vasiliki Gkarane, Aidan P. Moloney, Frank J. Monahan, and Michael G. Diskin. "Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on growth and feed conversion efficiency of male lambs." Translational Animal Science 2, no. 4 (June 19, 2018): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy071.
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Abstract Rations (DM basis) for spring-born male lambs consisting of concentrates ad libitum (CON), 50:50 (50% concentrate:50% forage), and forage ad libitum (FORG) were evaluated across feeding periods of three durations (36, 54, and 72 d). Lambs on CON diets were offered ad libitum access to concentrate along with 400 g of fresh weight silage (daily), while 50:50 diets were offered 0.9 and 3.0 kg of concentrate and silage, respectively. Lambs on FORG were offered ad libitum access to 25.5% DM silage. These rations were fed to 99 spring-born male Texel cross Scottish Blackface lambs which were assigned to a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Lambs were slaughtered following completion of their respective treatments. Lambs fed CON diets had greater ADG, FCE, and carcass weight (P < 0.001) and carcasses with greater conformation score (P < 0.001) than lambs fed 50:50 or FORG diets. Duration of feeding had no effect on production variables across all three concentrate inclusion levels. It was concluded that the inclusion of concentrates is needed to adequately finish lambs fed indoors. Feeding lamb’s 50:50 diets resulted in modest responses and may be a viable option for finishing lambs or to maintain growth in lambs when the cost of concentrate feed is high relative to the financial return on the lamb meat.
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Caro-Petrovic, Violeta, Milan Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Irina Sycheva, Bogdan Cekic, and Ivan Cosic. "Interrelation between body weights of sire, dam and their lambs at early stage of growth." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 36, no. 2 (2020): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah2002205c.
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Records of female lambs and their parents of the Mis sheep breed have used. All animals are approximately have weaned at 90 days of age. Descriptive statistics, paired sample test, paired differences, measures of association, correlations and regression of body weights between female lambs and their parents have done. A complementary least body weights at 30 days and weaning between dams and lambs but utmost weight at 30 days, the lambs were higher while at weaning, the dams had higher weight. It can observe that the averages on body weights the rams were the highest, followed by lambs and the lowest the dams? body weights. The coefficient of determination of R2 varies from low to high, indicating that the lamb's body weight has more influenced by other factors that we have not considered. There were significant correlations between lamb body weight at birth and sire/dam body weight at birth. The results showed highly significant correlations of lamb's body weight at 30 days with dams but with sires, positive and very low. There had positive but no significant correlation between lamb body weight at weaning and sire body weight at weaning. Lamb body weight at weaning and dam body weight at weaning are highly correlated.
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Schreurs, N. M., P. R. Kenyon, F. J. Mulvaney, P. C. H. Morel, D. M. West, and S. T. Morris. "Response of additional ewe lamb liveweight during gestation on birth and weaning weight of offspring and liveweight of the ewe lamb at weaning." Animal Production Science 50, no. 6 (2010): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09185.
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Increasing the liveweight of ewe lambs during gestation may have positive effects on lamb birthweight and weaning weight and also on ewe lamb liveweight at weaning. Specific times during the gestation period of the ewe lamb may be more responsive to improved nutrition and increases in liveweight. The objective of this work was to use a meta-analytic approach to investigate the effects of ewe lamb liveweight at mating and during pregnancy on lamb birth and weaning weights, and the ewe lamb’s liveweight at weaning. Increasing ewe lamb liveweight in early gestation and in particular before mating gave the greatest increases in the birth and weaning weight of the lambs, and also of the ewe lamb’s liveweight at weaning compared with increasing liveweight in the second and third trimester of gestation. This indicates that management practices for ewe lambs that generate higher liveweight at mating are likely to result in increased lamb survival, higher weaning percentages, greater lamb weaning weights and create rising 2-year-old ewes with better liveweight for mating in the subsequent season. Compared with ewe lambs that gave birth and reared singletons to weaning, those ewe lambs that gave birth to twins and reared twins had greater increases in lamb birthweights, lamb weaning weights and ewe lamb weights at weaning for each extra kilogram of ewe lamb liveweight during gestation. For ewe lambs, especially those that birth and rear twins, management options that increase the pre-mating weights will have the greatest response in lamb birthweight, weaning weight and liveweight of the ewe lamb itself at weaning.
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Rurak, D. W., S. Fay, and N. C. Gruber. "Measurement of rest and activity in newborn lambs using actigraphy: studies in term and preterm lambs." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 3 (2008): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd07149.
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The present study used actigraphy to monitor rest–activity cycles in lambs. We employed an Actiwatch Activity Monitor, which was secured on the lamb’s neck in 13 term lambs and six preterm lambs. Activity measurements began on the day of delivery and lasted for 7.3 ± 0.7 days. All lambs exhibited bouts of activity, lasting from ~2 to 60 min, separated by periods of inactivity of about equal duration. There was a progressive increase in the frequency and intensity of activity bouts with age, and a decrease in duration. In relation to postnatal age, preterm lambs had a significantly lower frequency and intensity of activity bouts compared with term lambs and significantly longer mean active bout duration. However, in relation to post-conceptual age, preterm animals were less active at birth, but thereafter the trajectory for activity development was steeper compared with the term lambs. These differences between term and preterm lambs may be due to several factors including differences in: (1) the lengths of time the two groups spent in utero and as neonates as a proportion of the perinatal period, which could influence the rate of muscle and bone growth; (2) prenatal and postnatal hormonal profiles; and (3) maternal care. We also found differences in postnatal motility in male and female lambs, with the trajectory of activity increasing in males at Days 4–5, which could be due, in part at least, to sex differences in both prenatal and postnatal hormonal profiles.
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Claffey, Noel A., Alan G. Fahey, Vasiliki Gkarane, Aidan P. Moloney, Frank J. Monahan, and Michael G. Diskin. "Effect of breed and castration on production and carcass traits of male lambs following an intensive finishing period." Translational Animal Science 2, no. 4 (June 15, 2018): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy070.
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Abstract The practice of crossbreeding using a terminal sire and the use of intact rather than castrated animals has the potential to increase the productivity of lambs produced from the hill sheep sector. The objective of this study was to compare the production and carcass characteristics of purebred Scottish Blackface (SB) and Texel cross Scottish Blackface (TXSB) ram and wether lambs fed on a concentrate diet and slaughtered at different ages. Two hundred spring born male lambs (average birth age ± SD 9.53 d) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two breeds SB (n = 100) and TXSB (n = 100) and two sexes (wether: n = 100 and ram: n = 100). Lambs were harvested following a 36 d ad libitum concentrate indoor finishing period. The study was carried out over five harvest batches between October and April. The mean ages of the lambs at harvest (n = 40; 20 TXSB and 20 SB lambs) in October, November, January, March, and April were 196, 242, 293, 344, and 385 days, respectively The TXSB lambs were heavier at slaughter than SB lambs (P < 0.001), and ram lambs were heavier at slaughter than wether lambs (P < 0.01). Improved ADG (P < 0.001), lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (which was calculated by dividing total feed intake by total weight gain; P < 0.001), and higher feed intake (P < 0.05) were recorded in TXSB lambs with consistency across the five harvest time points. Rams had greater ADG (P < 0.001) and FCR (P < 0.05) compared with wether lambs, and no differences were observed between sexes for feed intake. The TXSB (P < 0.001) lambs had higher (P < 0.001) dressing percentages compared with SB, while wether lambs had greater dressing percentages compared with rams. The TXSB lambs had heavier carcass weights (P < 0.001) with higher conformation grades (P < 0.001) and less fat cover (P < 0.001) than SB lambs, while ram lambs had heavier (P < 0.001) carcasses than wether lambs. There was greater fat cover on the loin muscles of SB (P < 0.001) and wether (P < 0.001) lambs compared with TXSB and ram lambs, respectively. The results from this study suggest that TXSB lamb’s offer hill sheep farmers a potential strategy for improved lamb production efficiency, while ram lambs offer lamb finishers increased growth rates, higher FCR, and produce a more desirable carcass than do wether lambs.
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Dai, Yun-fang. "“I should like to have my name talked of in China”: Charles Lamb, China, and Shakespeare." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 20, no. 35 (December 30, 2019): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-8530.20.07.
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Charles and Mary Lamb’s Tales from Shakespeare played an essential role in Chinese reception history of Shakespeare. The first two adaptations in China,Xiewai qitan 澥外奇譚and Yinbian yanyu 吟邊燕語, chose Tales as the source text. To figure out why the Lambs’ Tales was received in China even earlier than Shakespeare’s original texts, this paper first focuses on Lamb’s relationship with China. Based on archival materials, it then assumes that the Lambs’ Tales might have had a chance to reach China at the beginning of the nineteenth century through Thomas Manning. Finally, it argues that the decision to first bring Shakespeare to China by Tales was made under the consideration of the Lambs’ writing style, the genre choice, the similarity of the Lambs’ and Chinese audiences, and the marketability of Tales. Tracing back to the first encounter between Tales and China throws considerable light on the reception history of Shakespeare in China. It makes sense that nothing is coincidental in the history of cultural reception and the encounters have always been fundamentally influenced by efforts from both the addresser and the receptor.
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Camm, E. J., M. E. Gibbs, M. L. Cock, S. M. Rees, and R. Harding. "Assessment of learning ability and behaviour in low birthweight lambs following intrauterine growth restriction." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 12, no. 4 (2000): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd99092.
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The present study used behavioural tasks to assess learning ability and behaviour in postnatal lambs, and to examine the effects of low birthweight (LBW) and age on subsequent performance. It was hypothesized that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and LBW lead to learning and behavioural deficits in the early postnatal period. IUGR and LBW were induced by umbilico-placental embolization from 120 days of gestational age (g.a.) to the onset of labour. Behavioural studies were performed on 6 LBW and 6 control lambs between 2 and 6 weeks after birth. LBW lambs were born at 139 1 days g.a. (2.4 0.2 kg) and control lambs were born at 149 1 days g.a. (4.5 0.4 kg). Three tasks were used to assess the learning ability and behaviour of the lambs: a simple maze, an obstacle course, and a T-maze. LBW lambs took longer to complete the simple maze at all ages, and made a greater number of errors at Week 1 of testing compared to control lambs; the total trial duration and number of errors decreased with age for both groups. In the obstacle course, the times taken to complete the first and third trials were used for analysis; a decrease in trial time and the number of errors from Trial 1 to Trial 3 were indications of the lamb’s ability to learn how to negotiate the objects within the course. LBW lambs recorded longer trial durations for the first trial at Week 5 of testing, and for the third trial at Week 4. LBW lambs made more errors for the first trial at Week 5 of testing than control lambs. In the T-maze, there was no significant effect of treatment or age. It was concluded that differences between the groups may have been the result of LBW lambs being prematurely born. The value of these tasks in the assessment of learning ability and behaviour in young lambs is discussed.
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Stojkovic, Jovan, Zlatan Sinovec, Milan Adamovic, Magdalena Tomasevic-Canovic, Aleksandra Dakovic, and Ognjen Adamovic. "Efficiency of zeolite basis preparation in fattening Lamb diets." Veterinarski glasnik 58, no. 3-4 (2004): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0404327s.
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The paper presents results of investigations of the effect of a preparation based on natural zeolite on production results of fattening lambs. The experiment was performed on two groups of lamps (control ? K and experimental ? O), 15 animals per group, and for a duration of 90 days. The diet ration consisted of sheeps? milk, a compound mix for fattening lambs, and meadow hay. Lambs of the experimental group, contrary to those of the control group were administered preparations based on natural zeolite. The preparation Min-a-Zel? S (in the form of 25% suspension) was administered to lambs from birth until the 14th day of life, directly into the mouth, once daily (before the morning meal), 10 ml each. Min-a-Zel Plus was administered starting from the 15th day by adding it to the fodder mix (0.5%). Feeding was ad libitum. The average body mass of lambs at the end of the experiment, according to the sequence of treatments (K:O), was 24.40:26.94 kg (P<0.01). The daily groth of the lambs, during the course of the experiment, was 229:256 g, and was 27 g or 11.79% higher (P<0.01) in the experimental group. The experimental group had better utilization of dry matter, proteins and energy, which indicates that the use of a preparation based on natural zeolite in the diet of fattening lambs is justified.
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Viola, Irene, Paolo Tizzani, Giovanni Perona, Carola Lussiana, Antonio Mimosi, Patrizia Ponzio, and Paolo Cornale. "Hazelnut Skin in Ewes’ Diet: Effects on Colostrum Immunoglobulin G and Passive Transfer of Immunity to the Lambs." Animals 12, no. 22 (November 21, 2022): 3220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12223220.
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Passive immunity transfer has a pivotal role in newborn lambs, where the colostrum represents the primary source of immunoglobulins. This study hypothesized that the high content in polyphenolic compounds, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin E of hazelnut skin affects blood and colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration and related gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in sheep and their lambs. In the last 45 days of pregnancy, ewes were divided into a control (CTR) and a hazelnut skin supplemented group (HZN). Blood and colostrum were collected from ewes and lambs before the first suckling, at 24 and 48 h after birth, then IgG concentration, GGT and LDH activity levels were measured. IgG concentration in the colostrum and in lamb’s serum were significantly greater in HZN than CTR. No significant difference was detected for ewe’s blood. A significant positive correlation was found between IgG and GGT in lambs’ serum and colostrum, between IgG and LDH, as well as between GGT and LDH in lambs’ serum and colostrum. Our results suggest that hazelnut skin supplementation influences IgG colostrum concentration, with improved immune passive transfer to the suckling lambs. The transfer of maternal derived immune factors is confirmed by the GGT and LDH enzyme activity levels.
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Johnston, P., J. Roden, B. Merrell, W. A. Murray, and W. Haresign. "Evidence of the relationship of vigour and growth of newborn lambs with thyroid hormone concentration." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1997 (1997): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200596161.
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Lambs are born with a well developed hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid system and are producing tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in significant quantities by birth. Thyroid hormones are high in the newborn lamb and appear to play an important role in adaptation, by the lamb, to the extra-uterine environment. The aims of this study were to look at the effects of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, on the neonatal lamb's ability to cope with the cold and its activity and vigour. Secondly to obtain preliminary estimates of the heritability of the two hormone concentrations and the lambs rectal temperature to see if they could potentially be useful indicators of the lambs genetic ability to thrive.
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Mohammedi, K., Z. Laiadhi, and M. Titaouine. "Growth dynamics and altitude effect on growth performance of Ouled Djellal lambs during the pre-weaning period." Agricultural Science and Technology 14, no. 4 (December 2022): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.04.043.
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Abstract. This study evaluates the growth dynamics and the effect of altitude on different growth phases of pre-weaned Ouled Djellal lambs in northeastern Algeria. Forty-nine lambs born in the spring to multiparous ewes were weighed, and their average daily gain was calculated at different ages (at birth, D 30, 60, 90 and 120). The results show that maximum growth occurs during the lamb’s first month of life at 200 g/day. Highly positive and significant correlations were recorded between D 90 and D 120 (0.94), D 60 and D 120 (0.88), D 60 and D 90 (0.87) and D 30 and D 90 (0.77). Concerning the altitude effect, lambs born in low altitude regions show a better growth performance than lambs born in high altitude regions, with a significant difference (P0.05) noticed for D 90 and D 120, which confirms that the Ouled Djellal breed is a typical breed of the steppe and the high plains.
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Tessman, Ronald K., Jeff W. Tyler, Steven M. Parish, Dennis L. Johnson, Roderick G. Gant, and Helen A. Grasseschi. "Use of age and serum ɣ-glutamyltransferase activity to assess passive transfer status in lambs." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 211, no. 9 (November 1, 1997): 1163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1997.211.09.1163.
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Objective To develop an algorithm for predicting passive transfer status of lambs of various ages, using the lamb's age and serum ɣ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. Design Prospective study. Animals 51 Suffolk, Columbia, and crossbred lambs from 1 to 16 days old. Procedure Serum was obtained from all lambs. Serum GGT activity was measured, using a commercially available kit. Serum IgG concentration was determined by use of radial immunodiffusion. Day-1 serum IgG concentration was estimated from sample IgG concentration, lamb age, and the published 14-day half-life of IgG in lambs. Stepwise multivariate regression models were developed to estimate day-1 serum IgG concentration as a function of the natural logarithm of serum GGT activity (In[GGT]) and natural logarithm of lamb age (In[age]) at the time of sampling. These regression models were then used to calculate serum GGT activities that were equivalent to various day-1 IgG concentrations in lambs of various ages. Results In(GGT) and In(age) were significantly associated with estimated day-1 IgG concentration. Day-1 serum IgG concentration could be predicted using the formula: IgG = −7,686 + 1,366(In[GGT]) + 1,199(In[age]). The model was moderately accurate in predicting serum IgG concentration (R2 = 0.52). Clinical Implications Serum GGT activity can be used to assess passive transfer status of lambs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;211:1163–1164)
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Yagoubi, Yathreb, Samir Smeti, Samia Ben Saïd, Houssem Srihi, Ilyes Mekki, Mokhtar Mahouachi, and Naziha Atti. "Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Fat-Tailed Lambs Fed Rosemary Residues as a Part of Concentrate." Animals 11, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030655.
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Facing climate change implications on feeds unavailability, unconventional resources are being considered with a growing interest such as aromatic plant distillation residues with a two-fold object, enhancing meat quality by increasing the antioxidant properties and reducing feed prices which are often imported though expensive. Hence, this study aims to assess the effects of rosemary distillation residues (RR) incorporation in concentrate associated to two nitrogen sources as a substitute for standard concentrate on lamb’s growth, carcass traits and meat quality. For this, 24 Barbarine male lambs (3 months old, 17.83 ± 2.6 kg body weight) were divided into three groups. All lambs received individually 600 g of oat hay as roughage and 600 g of standard concentrate for control group, 600 g of concentrate based on RR and soybean meal for RRS group and 600 g of concentrate based on RR and faba bean for RRF group. After 65 days of experiment, all lambs were slaughtered. Phenolic and tocopherol intakes were significantly higher for both RR groups compared to control (p < 0.05). Growth, carcass weights, dressing percentages and non-carcass component weights were unaffected by the diet (p > 0.05). Moreover, regional and tissular compositions and meat physical properties were similar irrespective of the diet (p > 0.05). All color parameters were similar among groups (p > 0.05). However, meat produced by lambs receiving RR-based concentrate was richer on vitamin E and polyphenol contents than control lambs (p < 0.05). Rosemary by-products may substitute the standard concentrate resulting in similar lamb’s growth and carcass traits, while improving meat quality by increasing vitamin E content, which could improve its antioxidant power.
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Atroun, S., C. Aissaoui, S. Smeti, and N. Atti. "EFFECTS OF SLAUGHTER’ AGE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS AND NON-CARCASS COMPONENTS TRAITS OF BERBER BREED LAMBS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, no. 6 (December 22, 2021): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i6.1481.
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The objective of this work was to study the lamb’s growth, the carcass yield and composition and the importance of main organs of Berber lambs slaughtered at 4 or 6 months. The study concerned 40 lambs reared under motherhood. Lambs of the first group were slaughtered at the age of 4 months (4M) and the second at 6 months (6M). Slaughter body weights (BW), hot and cold carcass weights and organs were recorded. The carcass was cut out and dissected. The average BW at birth was 4.14 + 0.506 kg while the BW at slaughter was 22.86 kg + 3.40 and 31.51 + 3.50 kg for 4M and 6M groups, respectively. The average daily gain were 172 and 164g for 4M and 6M groups, respectively. Therefore, during 2months the lambs of 6M group gained 8.67 kg in BW. The carcasses were heavier for 6M than 4M. The carcass commercial yields were 42% and 45% for 4M and 6M groups, respectively, resulting in 4.1 kg gain of meat during 2 months. The tissular (muscle, fat and bone) and the regional (leg, shoulder …) carcass composition did not differ among groups. All organs were heavier for 6M than 4M; however, their proportion in the empty body weight were variables. The BWand carcass gain at six months are encouraging to prolong the lamb’s slaughter age without carcass composition difference given the similar fat proportion in the carcass of both groups.
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Torres Fajardo, Rafael Arturo, Mónica Andrea Cardozo-Herrán, Ramón Cámara-Sarmiento, Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro, Juan Felipe de Jesús Torres-Acosta, and Pedro Geraldo González-Pech. "Can the energetic supplementation of ewes influence the behavioral performance of their newborn lambs?" Ciencia y Agricultura 17, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v17.n2.2020.10790.
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The present work evaluated the effect of an energetic supplement (an extra 15% of the requirement) intake during the last month of gestation on the suckling behavior of neonatal lambs born from these ewes. The study was performed in a semi-intensive and commercial flock under hot sub humid tropical conditions. 12 Pelibuey ewes and their 20 newborn lambs were included. Five lamb behaviors were evaluated: number of vocalizations (NV), attempts to stand up (ASU), latency to keep stands (LKS), started looking for the udder (SLU) and achieved an effective suckling (AES). Twelve lambs conformed the control group [CG] and came from seven ewes which received an energetic supplementation of 7.37 megajoules of metabolizable energy per day (MJ EM/d). Likewise, eight lambs conformed the treatment group [TG] and came from five ewes which received a high energetic supplementation of 10.85 MJ EM/d. Both groups of ewes gave birth simultaneously. Response variables were initially categorized in low-or-high intensity using their quartile distribution and considering the median value as the reference point and analyzed post-hoc with the Fisher test. Behaviors of high and low intensity in lambs were similar in four of the five variables observed for both treatments. A significant difference was observed in the frequency of ASU, in lambs born from treated ewes when compared with lambs born from control ewes (P = 0.0281). The present results suggest that under semi-extensive breeding systems, the extra supplementation of ewes at 15 % of their energetic requirements during the last pregnancy month is reflected just in a slight improvement of the lamb’s behaviors.
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El-Zaiat, Hani M., Elshafie I. Elshafie, Waleed Al-Marzooqi, and Kawakob Al Dughaishi. "Effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Powder Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Feed Intake, Apparent Digestibility and Performance in Omani Sheep." Animals 12, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12223146.
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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of the dietary addition of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder (NLP) when compared to monensin (MON) on ruminal fermentation, feed intake, digestibility, and performance of growing lambs. Eighteen Omani lambs (22.8 ± 2.18 kg of body weight (BW)) were equally divided into three groups (n = 6 lambs/group) for 90 days. Animals were fed an ad lib basal diet consisting of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay (600 g/kg) and a concentrated mixture (400 g/kg) offered twice daily. Experimental treatments were control (basal diet without supplements); MON (control plus 35 mg/kg DM as a positive control); and NLP (control plus 40 g/kg DM). Lambs fed NLP had reduced ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentrations, protozoal counts, total volatile fatty acid, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations compared to the control. Compared to MON, lambs fed NLP had increased ruminal acetate and decreased propionate proportions. Inclusion of NLP in the diet increased blood total protein, globulin, and liver enzyme concentrations in comparison with the control, which was similar to MON. The lamb’s final BW and average BW gain were also increased with the NLP relative to the control. Further, adding NLP to the diet increased the digestibility of crude protein compared to the control diet. In conclusion, adding NLP to the diet with 40 g/kg DM could be used as a promising phytogenic supplement for growing lambs with no detrimental effects on the ruminal fermentation profile, nutrient intake, or digestibility.
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Hayes, R. V., C. S. Lamb, and Patricia M. Colgrove. "Determination of herbage intake of suckling lambs using long-chain n-alkanes as markers." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1986 (March 1986): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600015919.
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The n-alkanes of grass outioular wax (odd-chain, C25- C25) can be used simultaneously with dosed n-alkanes (C28or C32) as markers for estimating the herbage intake of grazing sheep if the faecal recoveries of both herbage and dosed markers are the same. In adult sheep the accuracy of herbage intake estimation is not affected by the inclusion of concentrate in the diet as long as the intake and alkane concentrations of the concentrate are known. If, similarly, the ingestion of milk does not interfere with the relative absorption of dosed and herbage alkanes the herbage intake of suckling lambs at pasture could be estimated. To evaluate the potential of the technique in suckling lambs the faecal recoveries of odd-chain herbage n-alkanes and of dosed dotriacontane (C32) were determined in lambs offered eves’ milk and freshly cut herbage.From 2 weeks of age seven individually-housed male lambs received 1 kg/day homogenised ewes’ milk (166 g/day dry matter (DM)) in 4 feeds from an automatic feeder. The milk Has obtained by daily hand-milking of East Friesland ewes and was stored at -20° until used. Freshly cut perennial ryegrass was offered to the lambs ad libitum from the age of 4 weeks. A 6-day total collection of faeces was carried out when the lamba were 10 weeks of age.
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Bottegal, Diego Nicolas, Sandra Lobón, María Ángeles Latorre, Juan Ramón Bertolín, and Javier Álvarez-Rodríguez. "Colour Stability, Fatty Acid Profile, and Lipid Oxidation in Meat Stored in Modified Atmosphere Packaging from Light Lambs Fed with Concentrate with Carob Pulp (Ceratonia siliqua L.)." Antioxidants 12, no. 8 (July 25, 2023): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081482.
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There is a growing interest in using by-products rich in polyphenols, such as carob pulp (Cp, Ceratonia siliqua L.), as a dietary source of antioxidants for animals. This study assesses the effects of including Cp in lambs’ diet and meat display time (0, 7, 9, and 11 days) in modified atmosphere packaging on meat colour, fatty acid (FA) composition, tocopherol levels, and lipid oxidation values in the Semimembranosus muscle of 40 light lambs. The lambs were fed with concentrates supplemented with increasing Cp levels (0, 150, and 300 g/kg) for 45 days before slaughter. Metmyoglobin (MMb) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased linearly with display time (p < 0.05), regardless of diet (p > 0.05). At 11 days of display, MMb (28 ± 0.8%) and MDA (0.6 ± 0.1 mg MDA/kg of meat) contents remained within the acceptable limits. The α-tocopherol content was lower in the 30% Cp group and meat (p < 0.05). Total saturated and monounsaturated FA contents (934 ± 64 and 823 ± 65 mg/100 g of meat, respectively) did not differ significantly among the groups. However, the meat from lambs fed with 30% Cp showed reduced levels of branched-chain FAs, while polyunsaturated FAs increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control lambs. The inclusion of Cp in the lamb’s diet, up to 30%, did not lead to meat deterioration and improved certain quality parameters, including a healthier FA profile. These findings highlight Cp’s potential as an alternative antioxidant source in animal diets.
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Radzik-Rant, Aurelia, Witold Rant, Gabriela Sosnowiec, Marcin Świątek, Roman Niżnikowski, and Żaneta Szymańska. "The effect of genotype and muscle type on the physico-chemical characteristics and taurine, carnosine and L-carnitine concentration in lamb meat." Archives Animal Breeding 63, no. 2 (November 26, 2020): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-63-423-2020.
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Abstract. An experiment was conducted to determine the chosen bioactive components and physico-chemical characteristics of lamb meat of different animal genotypes and the muscle types. The 22 ram lambs of Polish Merino (PM) and 22 crossbreeds of Polish Merino × Berrichone du Cher (PMB) were fattened to achieve their slaughter weight of 40 kg. After slaughter, the carcasses were kept at 4 ∘C for 24 h. Then, the samples of longissimus lumborum (LL) and gluteus medius (GM) muscle were collected to analyse the physico-chemical traits; fatty acid profile; and concentrations of taurine, carnosine, L-carnitine. The GM muscle compared to LL had the higher value (P < 0.05) of L* and a lower value (P < 0.05) of b* and H* both in PM and PMB lambs. The value of expressed juice was lower (P < 0.05) in both LL and GM muscles of PM lambs. A higher amount (P < 0.05) of collagen was found in LL muscle compared to GM both in PM and PMB lambs. The GM muscle of PM lambs showed higher (P < 0.05) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, as well as higher total polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs), PUFA n-6, and PUFA n-3 (P < 0.05). The GM muscle was characterized by a higher (P < 0.05) content of taurine, while in the LL muscle there was a higher amount (P < 0.05) of carnosine. A larger amount (P < 0.05) of L-carnitine was found in GM muscle but only within PMB lambs. The obtained results showed a greater impact of the lamb's genotype on the physical characteristics of meat than on its chemical composition and the content of bioactive components. The muscle type had an effect on meat colour; collagen content; fatty acid profile; and amount of taurine, carnosine, and L-carnitine present.
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Lambe, N. R., J. Conington, K. A. McLean, L. Bunger, and G. Simm. "Relationships between mobilisation of body reserves in hill ewes and lamb production to weaning." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200020214.
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Previous studies using X-ray computed tomography (CT) of Scottish Blackface hill ewes have shown that carcass fat, internal fat and muscle are depleted during pregnancy and early lactation and deposited during late lactation and the dry period (Lambe et al., 2003a). Muscle weights and proportions throughout the year are positively genetically correlated with total litter weight reared, largely due to increased litter size. Average weights of lambs reared were positively correlated with carcass fat weight or proportion pre-lambing and internal fat weight pre-mating, but negatively correlated with internal fat proportion pre-lambing (Lambe et al., 2005). However, is genetic potential to mobilise and regain increased amounts of tissue during the year positively associated with the ability to produce more and heavier lambs? The aim of this study was to address this question by relating total loss and gain of fat and muscle in ewes during the annual cycle with lamb production traits.
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Dubey, J. P., and C. A. Kirkbride. "Toxoplasmosis and other causes of abortions in sheep from north central United States." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 196, no. 2 (January 15, 1990): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1990.196.02.287.
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Summary Between 1983 and 1989, we examined 1,201 aborted fetuses and dead lambs from the north central United States. Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in 17.5%, campylobacteriosis in 9.9%, chlamydiosis in 4.7%, and miscellaneous infections in 15.1%. Inflammatory lesions suggestive of infectious causes were seen in 13%. Noninfectious causes were identified in 6.1%, and a diagnosis was not reached in 33.3%. An agglutination test was used to detect Toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in ovine fluids. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 223 of 1,064 (20.9%) fluids from fetuses and dead lambs. Of 201 seropositive (≥ 16) fetuses and lambs, T gondii antibody titers (reciprocal) were 16 (21 fetuses and lambs), 32 (10 fetuses and lambs), 64 (2 fetuses and lambs), 128 (7 fetuses and lambs), 256 (9 fetuses and lambs), 512 (5 fetuses and lambs), 1,024 (15 fetuses and lambs), 2,048 (13 fetuses and lambs), 4,096 (13 fetuses and lambs), 8,196 (13 fetuses and lambs), 16,392 (19 fetuses and lambs), and ≥ 32,784 (74 fetuses and lambs).
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O'Connor, C. E., and A. B. Lawrence. "Relationships between lamb vigour and maternal behaviour on sucking success at parturition." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (March 1990): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600018183.
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High perinatal mortality in sheep flocks worldwide remains a major economic and welfare issue. Maternal behaviour and lamb vigour are both considered major variables affecting lamb survival, but there is little data to describe their relative importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between lamb vigour and maternal behaviour at parturition. With the increase in hill ewes being crossed to longwool breeds there is an interest in the relative survivability of these lambs. This study compared the behaviour of Mule [Bluefaced Leicester x Blackface] lambs with purebred Scottish Blackface lambs.Data on 32 third parity single and twin-bearing Blackface ewes lambing indoors were collected by focal animal observations on the ewe's grooming behaviour. These observations included details of the time spent grooming specific areas of the lamb's body and also general activity and udder-seeking behaviour of the lambs. Observations lasted 10 minutes and were made at parturition and then at 30 and 90 minute intervals. The data was transformed by arcsin. for proportions, or log, for frequencies, and analysed by Analysis of Variance,
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Slee, J., S. P. Simpson, A. W. Stott, J. C. Williams, and D. E. Samson. "An improved water-bath test to study effects of age and previous sucking on metabolic rate and resistance to cold in newborn lambs." Animal Science 50, no. 2 (April 1990): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004773.
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ABSTRACTDifferent procedures for measuring cold resistance and metabolic rate of newborn lambs were evaluated by varying the extent of induced hypothermia, the rate of cooling and the method of rewarming. Relatively fast cooling followed by a simple self-rewarming procedure proved harmless and satisfactory.The effect of age, from birth up to 2 weeks, on thermoregulation was studied. There was no difference in cold resistance between 0·5 h and 30 h after birth, and between 1 day and 2 weeks after birth, despite a large increase in insulation, body weight and coat depth over this period. Weight-specific resting metabolic rate and cold-induced peak metabolic rate similarly did not change significantly in the first 30 h, although resting metabolic rate tended to be lower at birth than at 30 h of age. Peak metabolic rate decreased significantly between 1 day and 2 weeks of age.The effect of fasting, for 3 to 4 h after birth, on thermoregulation was also studied. Cold resistance and peak metabolic rate were not significantly affected by fasting. Recovery from hypothermia was slightly slower in fasted lambs.These results may reflect the newborn lamb's initial reliance on heat production derived from brown fat and non-shivering thermogenesis. Older lambs, which benefit from better insulation, rely more upon shivering. Fasted lambs showed a tendency to rely more on insulation and slightly less on heat production than suckled lambs.
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Cooper, J. J., G. A. Emmans, and N. C. Friggens. "Effect of Diet on Behaviour of Individually Penned Sheep." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600026064.
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A number of abnormal activities had been observed in a group of 30 lambs (R lambs; 10 Shetland (SH),10 Scottish Blackface (SB) and 10 Welsh Mountain (WM), half females and half entire males), on a restricted allowance (about mature maintenance intake and 0.5 of ad libitum intake), of a high quality pelleted diet (Diet A; 200g/kg crude protein, HMJ/kg ME). The lambs had been individually housed since 8 weeks of age, in pens (2m x lm), made up of metal barred gates with wooden slatted floors. Abnormal oral activities included some that caused obvious husbandry problems, such as wool-biting and slat chewing, and others which caused no overt damage, but may nevertheless be associated with impaired welfare (Cooper and Nicol 1993), such as bar-biting and repetitive licking. In a preliminary observation at 22 weeks of age, lambs only ate in the hour following food presentation (Fig 1), after which all of the allowance had been eaten, and abnormal oral activities were recorded in 30% of scans. Similar repetitive activities, described as “stereotypies” have been associated with food restriction in dry sows (Appleby and Lawrence 1987). In a series of observations, we investigated the effect of increasing weight and nutrient value of the lamb's diet on the incidence of oral stereotypies, whilst minimising any influence on the ongoing feed trial.
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Vlková, E., M. Grmanová, V. Rada, I. Homutová, and S. Dubná. "Selection of probiotic bifidobacteria for lambs." Czech Journal of Animal Science 54, No. 12 (December 25, 2009): 552–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/151/2009-cjas.
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Twenty-six bifidobacteria were isolated from faecal samples of lambs. The isolates were identified, functional properties (survival ability at low pH and bile conditions) and antimicrobial activities against potential pathogens were determined. From the isolates with suitable properties (13 strains) rifampicin-resistant mutants were prepared by gradient plate techniques. This property enabled us to differentiate the administered organism from wild strains because resistance to rifampicin is rare among bifidobacteria. Rifampicin-resistant bifidobacteria (RRBifs) were administered to 3-days-old lambs in two trials. In the first trial the strain <i>B. ruminantium</i> L29 was applied to 3 lambs and was detected in faecal samples at high counts (6 log CFU/g on average) for one week. In the second trial 3 lambs received a “cocktail” of 12 strains and RRBifs survived in the intestinal tract at counts of about 6 log CFU/g for 25 days. The control group without probiotic treatment consisted of 6 animals. In both treated groups RRBifs dominated among bifidobacteria after their administration. Total bifidobacterial counts (5.64–7.32 log CFU/g) were significantly higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in treated groups compared to 2.31–2.85 log CFU/g detected in the control group during the first month of lamb life. Lactobacilli counts were also significantly higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in treated groups compared to the control. The administered bifidobacteria did not affect any other monitored bacterial groups. On the basis of in vitro test results, suitable probiotic bifidobacterial strains for lambs were chosen. Some of them survived for 30 days in the gastrointestinal tract of treated lambs, but no tested strain was able to colonise the lamb’s tract permanently. The administration of bifidobacterial “cocktail” and consequent identification of the best survived strain seems to be an effective method for selection of potential probiotics.
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Hergenhan, R. L., G. N. Hinch, and D. M. Ferguson. "Sire effects on neonatal lamb vigour and following-behaviour." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13223.
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The ability of the lamb to maintain contact with the ewe as she moves away from the birth site is critical to the lamb’s subsequent survival. If this contact is compromised then lamb loss is likely to occur due to starvation/mismothering. This study uses sires from the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus Flock to compare the effect of selection of sires within the Merino breed for high or low losses due to starvation/mismothering on neonatal lamb vigour. Lamb vigour was measured using conventional measures of time to perform early neonatal behaviours, early physiological measures (rectal temperatures and blood glucose), and performance in a modified barrier test while under physiological stress from cold exposure. Lambs were exposed to cold at a time (4–6 h after birth) when the ewe is likely to be moving away from the birth site and therefore when losses due to starvation/mismothering are likely to begin. Progeny from the high-loss sires were significantly (P < 0.05) slower to attempt to stand, and to stand, than progeny from the no-loss sires and tended to be slower to reach the udder and suckle (P = 0.07). Lambs from the no-loss group also had a significantly (P < 0.01) higher vigour score than the high-loss group. There was no effect of sire group on the performance of lambs in the modified barrier test; however, cold-treated lambs performed poorly in the test compared with control lambs. It was concluded that sire can have an effect on lamb vigour, but it does not necessarily translate into effects on later following-behaviour while under stressful conditions.
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Ahmed, S., MRH Rakib, M. Yesmin, and M. Ershaduzamman. "Effect of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and lambs under semi intensive rearing system." Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research 26, no. 1-2 (October 25, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjlr.v26i1-2.49936.
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The study was conducted to know the effect of different levels of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and their lambs until 1 year of age and the profitable slaughter age of lambs under semi intensive system. Twenty eight (28) native Bengal ewes at 7 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to four groups (T0, T1, T2, T3) and supplemented with a concentrate mixture at 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% of their body weight respectively. Ewes were allowed to graze 8 hours daily. Creep mixture (20 g/lamb/day) was provided to lambs from 2 weeks age with an increment of 10 g/lamb/week. After weaning, 20 growing male lambs were selected and reared 01 year of age with concentrate mixture at 1.5% of their body weight and 8 hours grazing irrespective of treatment groups. Parameters like, ewe’s litter size, daily milk yield, post-partum heat and lamb’s birth weight, weaning weight, live weight at 06, 09 and 12 months were recorded. The data were analyzed in an ANOVA with CRD by using SPSS v. 20. The mean differences were tested by DMRT at a probability level of P<0.05. After weaning, the lamb growths were analyzed considering age as fixed factor. Regression correlations among different parameters with different ages were also performed. Significantly higher daily milk yield (P<0.01), weaning weight (P<0.05) and daily weight gain of lamb until weaning (P<0.05) were observed in T2 group. Besides, lambs weight at 06, 09, and 12 months differ significantly (P<0.01) along with corresponding daily weight gain (P<0.05). Lambs daily weight gain did not differ significantly from weaning to 09 months of age but significantly reduced (P<0.05) from 09 to 12months age. Finally, it may be concluded that a concentrate diet containing 20% CP during late pregnancy to lactation should be supplied to obtain maximum performances of ewes and their lambs. Besides, native Bengal lamb would be slaughtered between 06 to 09 months of age to get maximum return.
Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 43-50
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Hegarty, R. S., S. H. Bird, B. A. Vanselow, and R. Woodgate. "Effects of the absence of protozoa from birth or from weaning on the growth and methane production of lambs." British Journal of Nutrition 100, no. 6 (December 2008): 1220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508981435.
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Merino ewes (n108) joined to a single sire were allocated into three flocks, with ewes in one flock being chemically defaunated in the second month of gestation. Single lambs born to defaunated ewes (BF lambs) were heavier at birth and at weaning than lambs born to faunated ewes (F lambs). After weaning, all BF and F lambs were individually housed then half of the F lambs were chemically defaunated (DF lambs). In trial 1, BF, DF and F lambs were offered a concentrate-based diet containing either 14 or 19 % protein for a 10-week period. Wool growth rate of BF lambs was 10 % higher than that of DF or F lambs and was increased 9 % by the high-protein diet. While there was no main effect of protozoa treatment on enteric methane production, there was an interaction between protozoa treatment and diet for methane production. BF and DF lambs produced more methane than F lambs when fed the low-protein diet but when fed the high-protein diet, emissions were less than (BF lambs) or not different from (DF lambs) emissions from F lambs. In trial 2, lambs were offered 800 g roughage per d and, again, methane production was not affected by the presence of protozoa in the rumen. The data indicate that while lambs without rumen protozoa have greater protein availability than do faunated ruminants, there is no main effect of rumen protozoa on enteric methane production by lambs fed either a concentrate or roughage diet.
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Schoenian, Susan, Jeff Semler, Mary Beth Bennett, Chris Anderson, Amanda Grev, and Maegan Perdue. "90 Growth and carcass characteristics of ram, wether, and short-scrotum lambs: year 2." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz397.176.
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Abstract This was the second year of a study comparing the growth and carcass characteristics of (intact) ram, wether, and short-scrotum lambs from a commercial sheep dairy in Maryland. East Friesian x Lacaune lambs were left intact (RAM, n = 21), castrated (WETHER, n = 25), or made short-scrotum (SS, n = 18). All banding of WETHER and SS lambs was done by d 10. When the lambs averaged 65±17 d and 44.5±10.6 lbs., they were transported to the Western Maryland Research & Education Center, where they grazed cool season pastures and were supplemented with grain (3 lb/d) for 107 d, before being harvested to collect carcass data. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, with statistical significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Fixed effects included sex and birth type; starting weight was included as a covariate. There was an effect of birth type on final BW, ADG, HCW, CCW, and body wall thickness (BWT), favoring twin-born lambs. RAM and SS lambs had heavier final BW (P < 0.0001) and ADG (P < 0.0001) than WETHER lambs. RAM lambs had heavier hot (P < 0.01) and cold carcass (P < 0.005) weights than WETHER lambs; SS lambs were intermediate. Dressing percentage was higher (P < 0.004) for WETHER lambs and similar for RAM and SS lambs. RAM and SS lambs had larger REA than WETHER lambs (P < 0.03), but not when adjusted to a common weight (P < 0.71). WETHER lambs produced the fattest carcasses, as evidenced by greater BF (3.8±0.2 mm) than RAM and SS lambs (2.2±0.2 mm and 2.7±0.2 mm, respectively). Sex did not influence BWT, KPH, or leg conformation score. RAM lambs yielded a higher percentage of BCTRC (49.9±0.2%) than WETHER lambs (49.1±0.2%); SS lambs were intermediate (49.6±0.3%). For the second year in a row, RAM and SS lambs demonstrated superior growth and carcass composition compared to WETHER lambs.
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Holcombe, D. W., S. W. Beam, L. J. Krysl, M. B. Judkins, and D. M. Hallford. "Effect of age at weaning (30 vs. 60 day) on intake, growth, serum hormone and metabolite profiles in young ewe and ram lambs." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas95-031.
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Twenty-four Polypay lambs (12 sets of twins; 12 ewe and 12 ram lambs) born within a 3-d period were randomly allotted at birth within sex group to be weaned at either 30 (EW) or 60 (LW) d of age. Six lambs (three ewe and three ram lambs)/treatment were intensively bled at 30, 37, 60, and 67 d of age. Feed intake was higher (P < 0.05) in EW lambs following weaning and up through weaning of LW lambs. Throughout the study, BW were similar (P > 0.10) between treatments; however, ram lambs were heavier (P < 0.05) than ewe lambs beginning at 18 d of age. At 37 d of age, EW lambs had lower (P < 0.05) insulin and IGF-I concentrations (P = 0.10), and greater (P < 0.05) GHmn values than LW lambs. Ram lambs had greater (P < 0.05) serum GHmn, GHbl and GHam values, and greater (P < 0.05) serum insulin and IGF-I concentrations than ewe lambs at 30, 60, and 67 d of age. At 37 d of age, EW lambs had lower (P < 0.05) insulin:GH ratios than LW lambs. At 37 d of age, PRLmn and PRLam values were lower (P < 0.05) in EW lambs than LW Lambs, and rams had lower (P < 0.05) PRLam values than ewe lambs. The results indicate that weaning at 30 d of age is associated with major changes in metabolic hormones 1 wk postweaning, whereas weaning at 60 d of age had no apparent effect on hormonal patterns postweaning. Differences between EW and LW lambs may reflect early postweaning feed intake, along with stage of rumen development at weaning. Key words: Lambs, growth, hormones, weaning, metabolites
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Shelby, Sarah, Keshari Thakali, Yongjie Wang, Jason Apple, and Yan Huang. "PSIV-18 Effect of two dietary crude protein levels on finishing performance, meat quality, and genomic changes of lambs." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.451.
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Abstract This study investigated the effects of 2 different CP levels on the finishing performance, meat quality, and genomic changes of market lambs. Seventeen crossbred lambs were assigned randomly to low-protein (LP; 8% CP, n = 9) and high-protein (HP; 13% CP, n = 8) diets, with initial mean body weights tabulated (37.5±1.97 and 39.5±2.17 for LP and HP group), and allowed ad libitum access to diets and water in individual, indoor digestibility pens for 9 weeks. The final BW, ADFI, and ADG of the HP lambs were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than the LP lambs; however, G:F for the LP lambs was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than the HP lambs. Hot carcass weight, adjusted fat thickness, and drip loss of LM was significantly greater (P < 0.05) for the HP than LP lambs. In contrast, instrumental color values L*, a*, b*, C*, and hue angle of meat from the LP lambs scored higher (P < 0.05) than the HP lambs. Oxymyoglobin percentage from LP lambs tended greater (P < 0.10) than HP lambs. Deoxymyoglobin from HP lambs was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than LP lambs. Metmyoglobin from HP lambs was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than LP lambs. The n6:n3 of the LM from LP lambs tended to be greater than that of HP lambs (P < 0.10); conversely, the LM from HP lambs had significantly greater CLA of cis-9 trans-11 isomer (P < 0.05) than the LP lambs. According to the RNA-Seq data, genes that were highly expressed in the LP group (fold change > 3, P < 0.05) were involved in lipid metabolism (GRAMD2, PIK3R3), fatty acid composition (CHAC1), IMF content (ATXN7L1), and carcass quality traits (CCDC158). These results demonstrated that higher CP protein promotes growth performance for finishing lambs, whereas lower CP is beneficial for meat quality, especially when evaluating color characteristics in the final product.
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Sadrarhami, Imaneh, Masoud Alikhani, Ebrahim Ghasemi, Amir Hossein Mahdavi, Nafiseh Soltanizadeh, Maria Font-i-Furnols, and Morteza Hosseini Ghaffari. "Effects of nomadic grazing system and indoor concentrate feeding systems on performance, behavior, blood parameters, and meat quality of finishing lambs." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): e0278669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278669.
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The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of three production systems on growth performance, behavior, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. A total of 30 lambs (n = 10 lambs/treatment) were randomly assigned to three production systems that included rotational grazing (NG) and two different levels of concentrate (CON), one with medium (roughage/concentrate ratio 50:50% based on DM, MC) and one with high concentrate (roughage/concentrate ratio 30:70% based on DM, HC) during the 90-day fattening period. At the start of the experiment, all lambs averaged 90 ± 4 days of age (mean ± SD) and were slaughtered at an average of 180 ± 3 days (mean ± SD). CON-fed lambs had higher average daily gain and loin thickness than NG-fed lambs. The NG lambs spent more time eating, drinking, and standing, but less time resting and rumination than the CON-fed lambs. In addition, plasma lipid, β-hydroxybutyrate, and urea levels were higher, while phosphorus levels were lower in NG-fed lambs than in CON-fed lambs. CON-fed lambs had better carcass yield, but gastrointestinal tract and rumen weights were lower than NG lambs. CON-fed lambs had higher pH values 0 h post mortem than the NG lambs; however, there was no effect of treatment on pH 24 h post mortem. The post-mortem color of the LD muscle of NG lambs had a higher lightness and yellowness index and a lower redness index than that of the LD muscle of CON-fed lambs. The results of this study showed that lambs fed CON had better carcass yield than lambs fed NG, although feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of lambs fed MC and HC were similar.
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Ruzimuradov, Rabbimkul Rayimkulovich, and Nargiza Chulieva. "BIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE FEATURES OF CARACUL LAMBS OF DIFFERENT LAMPS." Bulletin of Osh State University, no. 1-2 (2021): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52754/16947452_2021_1_2_423.
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O’Brien, Dahlia, and Stephan Wildeus. "Influence of Season of Birth, Breed and Reproductive Status on Carcass Traits of Male Hair Sheep Lambs." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.070.
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Abstract Compared to intact males, castrated lambs generally grow slower and have lighter and fatter carcasses. However, short-scrotum lambs can retain growth and carcass composition of intact males. This study evaluated carcass traits of castrated and short-scrotum Barbados Blackbelly (BB; n = 16) and St. Croix (STX; n = 15) hair sheep lambs. Ram lambs born in December (DEC; n = 10) and April (n = 21) were used in the study and were either rendered short scrotum (SS; n = 17) or castrated (CA; n = 14) using elastrator bands at weaning (63 d). All lambs transitioned in dry lot for 2 mo before return to pasture. Lambs co-grazed in a rotational system, were moved based on visual assessment of forage availability and provided Bermuda grass hay when forage was limiting. Lambs were provided soy hull at 3% BW to ensure diet continuity between forage environments. At target weights of 40 kg, SS and CA lambs were slaughtered and carcass data recorded. Carcass data were analyzed with reproductive status, breed and season born as main effects. DEC (230 d) and STX lambs (251 d) attained target weights earlier (P < 0.02) than APR (307 d) and BB (317 d) lambs. APR lambs had lower (P < 0.04) breast (0.9 kg) and loin cut weights (2.1 kg) than DEC lambs (1.1 and 2.4 kg, respectively). Carcass length was greater (P < 0.05) for SS (109 cm) than CA lambs (106 cm). There were also significant interactions (P < 0.05). APR-STX lambs had the lowest dressing% (42%) compared to APR-BB (48%), DEC-STX (47%) and DEC-BB (46%) lambs. DEC-STX (109 cm) and APR-BB (109 cm) carcasses were longer than DEC-BB (104 cm) and APR-STX (106 cm) lambs. DEC-SS lambs (84 cm) had the greatest leg circumference, while CA-STX (16 mm) lambs had the greatest body wall thickness in this study. Data suggest that reproductive status, breed and birth season all had varying influences on carcass traits of lambs in this study.
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Aktaş, A. H., Ş. Dursun, Ş. Doğan, Z. Kiyma, U. Demirci, and İ. Halıcı. "Effects of ewe live weight and age on reproductive performance, lamb growth, and survival in Central Anatolian Merino sheep." Archives Animal Breeding 58, no. 2 (December 10, 2015): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-451-2015.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of premating ewe weight and age on ewe reproductive performance, lamb growth and survival in Central Anatolian Merino (CAM) sheep. <br><br> The trial included 4935 ewes and 5548 lambs from 23 breeder flocks in Eskişehir Province. The live weights (LWs) and ages of the ewes were recorded 1 week before the mating season. The number of lambs born, fertility rate, multiple birth rate (MBR), and lamb survival rate (SR) at days 75 and 120 were determined. The effects of the LW and age of the ewe were found to be important for the reproductive performance of ewes and for the lamb's growth rate (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001). Ewe MBRs and the birth weight (BW) and LW of the lambs at days 75 and 120 increased proportionally with the increase in LW in ewes prior to mating. The fertility rate and MBR were lower (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001) in 1.5-year-old ewes than in older ewes. However, lambs' SR at days 75 and 120 were not affected by the premating LW and age of the ewe. In summary, a better reproductive performance and lamb growth rate in CAM flocks may be achieved by the selection of breeding ewes from ewes weighing more than 60 kg.</p>
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Yang, Ruochen, Yunxia Guo, Shuo Zhang, Qinghong Hao, Chunhui Duan, Yong Wang, Shoukun Ji, Hui Yan, Yingjie Zhang, and Yueqin Liu. "Effect of Dioscorea Opposite Waste Supplementation on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Response and Rumen Microbiome in Weaned Lambs." Fermentation 9, no. 3 (March 4, 2023): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9030256.
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Dioscorea opposite waste (DOW) has been shown to improve the gastrointestinal microbiome, antioxidation capacity, and immune activity, indicating it is a potential feed resource to improve the physiological health and rumen function of weaned lambs. In the present study, the responses of rumen microbiome to DOW supplementation in diet were profiled using metagenome sequencing. In addition, the potential of DOW to regulate plasma parameters in weaned lambs and its possible mechanisms were investigated. Sixty healthy male small tail Han lambs (22.68 ± 2.56 kg) were selected and equally assigned to four dietary treatments: (1) DOW-free diet (CON), (2) addition of 10% DOW diet (DOW1), (3) addition of 15% DOW diet (DOW2), and (4) addition of 20% DOW diet (DOW3). Experimental lambs were fed a corresponding diet for 62 days. Rumen microbiome and plasma parameters were determined at the end of the experiment. The results showed that dietary supplementation with DOW linearly increased the concentration of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, Immunoglobulin G, Glutathione peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity in the plasma of weaned lambs, but an opposite trend was observed in Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and Malondialdehyde between the DOW-supplemented group and the CON group. Sequencing of rumen metagenome revealed that dietary supplementation with 20% DOW significantly affected the microbial composition and function and increased the richness and diversity of rumen microbiota and relative abundance of phylum Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Fibrobacteres, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria and species Ruminococcaceae_bacterium, Clostridiales_bacterium_NK3B98, Clostridiales_bacterium, and Clostridia_bacterium. It was concluded that supplementing the weaned lamb’s ration with DOW increased the immune response and antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, dietary supplementation with 20% DOW modulated the composition of rumen microbiome function by increasing Ruminococcaceae_bacterium and Clostridiales_bacterium with improving the polysaccharide hydrolase activity in the rumen.
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Melo, Gleice K. A., Camila C. B. F. Ítavo, Jonilson A. Silva, Kedma L. S. M. Ferelli, Pâmila C. G. Silva, Rayane C. Pupin, and Ricardo A. A. Lemos. "Poisoning by Brachiaria spp. in various lamb breeds at increasing levels of supplementation during growth." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39, no. 12 (December 2019): 978–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6478.
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ABSTRACT: The study evaluate the frequency of poisoning by Brachiaria spp. at the rearing, growth and termination stages in various lamb breeds at increasing supplementation levels. Forty-five lambs were used in the growth phase in pastures of Brachiaria spp. with a history of having induced poisoning. The lambs were distributed in nutritional treatments: lambs receiving mineral supplementation (MS), energy/protein supplementation (EPS) at 0.8% of body weight (bw), EPS at 1.6% bw and EPS at 2.4% bw. The lambs were allotted two flocks (F1 and F2) of 21 and 24 lambs each. Clinical signs of poisoning were observed in all treatments. All MS lambs died. The frequency of poisoning were highest in the 0.8% EPS and 1.6% EPS treatments. All lambs in the 2.4% EPS treatment recovered. F1 lambs had a higher frequency of poisoning than F2 lambs regardless of nutritional treatment. Morbidity rates for the F1 and F2 lambs were 52.3 and 16.7%, respectively. Supplementation was not sufficient to decrease the frequency of poisoning in lambs at the termination stage, which was dependent on the genetic origin of the lambs. EPS of 2.4% bw treatment, was an efficient nutritional strategy to minimize the effects of poisoning in lambs fed on Brachiaria spp.
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Hopkins, DL, RB Jackson, and KL Saunders. "Reduction of testicular parenchyma at marking: effect on lamb growth, carcass fatness and sexual development." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 5 (1991): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910597.
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Growth and carcass parameters were studied for 296 lambs comprising 141 males and 155 ewes. The males were either castrated (wethers) or vasectomised and hemicastrated with the parenchyma of the retained testicle reduced (cryptorchids), or they had the parenchyma of both testicles reduced (rams). Wether and ram lambs grew at a similar rate, the latter group growing significantly (P<0.05) faster to first slaughter than cryptorchid and ewe lambs. Ewe lambs grew significantly (P<0.05) slower than those from the other groups. Ewe lambs were significantly (P<0.05) fatter at slaughter than lambs in all other groups, and wether lambs were fatter (P<0.05) than the cryptorchid and ram lambs. Sexual competency of the cryptorchid and ram lambs was assessed by testicle examination, which showed that the cryptorchid lambs were not likely to produce viable sperm. In contrast, there was evidence that the treatment applied to the ram lambs would not prevent production of viable sperm, and they had the potential to sire lambs. This fertility was attributed to the retention of the scrotal sac. The technique used for the cryptorchid lambs involving scrotal ablation was deemed to offer the most potential in terms of lean tissue growth tempered against sexual competency and development of undesirable male characteristics.
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Yalcintan, Hulya, Bulent Ekiz, Omur Kocak, Nursen Dogan, P. Dilara Akin, and Alper Yilmaz. "Carcass and meat quality characteristics of lambs reared in different seasons." Archives Animal Breeding 60, no. 3 (July 24, 2017): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-225-2017.
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Abstract. Thirty-six Kivircik male lambs were used to determine the effects of rearing season (winter rearing – WR; spring–summer rearing – SSR; and autumn rearing – AR) on carcass and meat quality characteristics. Average daily gain in the period 0–134 days, final weight, cold carcass weight and real dressing percentage were higher in WR lambs than lambs from SSR and AR groups. Furthermore, SSR and AR lambs did not show significant differences for these traits (P > 0.05). WR lambs had the highest values in terms of back fat thickness, subjective carcass fatness score and fat percentage in pelvic limb, which gives information about the carcass fatness. Final meat pH, expressed juice and meat lightness 1 h after cutting were higher for SSR lambs than for WR and AR lambs. SSR lambs had the lowest scores in terms of flavour intensity, flavour quality and overall acceptability in the sensory evaluation panel. In conclusion, WR lambs yielded better carcass quality than SSR and AR lambs. When the rearing season is to be decided, the higher carcass quality of WR lambs and the lesser appreciation of meat of SSR lambs by consumers should be considered.
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MEARS, G. J. "IMMUNIZATION OF LAMBS AGAINST SOMATOSTATIN TO IMPROVE GROWTH RATE." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 1091–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-132.
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Weight gain, shoulder height and feed intake responses to immunization against somatostatin (SRIF) were examined in three experiments with a total of 78 lambs. Initial immunizations against SRIF occurred when lambs were 4, 8 and 3 wk old for exps. 1, 2 and 3, respectively, with booster immunizations 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wk later. Control lambs were left untreated except in exp. 3 where one group of control lambs was immunized with human serum alpha globulin. Treated lambs were immunized with SRIF conjugated to human serum alpha globulin. Experiments were terminated when lambs reached 45 kg body weight. SRIF immunization did not alter lamb shoulder height or feed conversion efficiency. Rate of gain of ram and wether lambs, but not ewe lambs, was improved by SRIF immunization. Wether lambs in exp. 1 and ram lambs in exp. 2 gained 21 and 15% more, respectively, than their controls by 20 wk of age. In exp. 3, SRIF-treated 3/4 Romanov ram lambs gained 13% more than their controls by 19 wk of age. However, SRIF-treated 7/8 Romanov lambs gained only 3% more than controls during this time. In conclusion, immunizing wether and ram crossbred lambs against somatostatin increased their growth rates sufficiently to reduce the time needed to reach market weight by 2–3 wk. However, feed conversion efficiency was not improved by somatostatin immunization. Key words: Somatostatin, SRIF, immunization, growth rate, lambs
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Jobe, A., H. Jacobs, M. Ikegami, and D. Berry. "Lung protein leaks in ventilated lambs: effects of gestational age." Journal of Applied Physiology 58, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 1246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.4.1246.
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To study the protein permeability properties of the ventilated premature lung, we delivered groups of eight lambs at 122 and 135 days gestational age and ventilated the lambs equivalently. The lambs at 122 days gestational age had been treated with natural sheep surfactant at birth, and both groups of lambs had similar pH and blood gas values to 3 h of age. Three groups of lambs at 146 days gestational age also were studied for comparison; four lambs were ventilated to normalized PCO2 values, four lambs were ventilated equivalently to the premature lambs with supplemental CO2 used to normalize PCO2 values, and four lambs were treated with natural surfactant and ventilated similarly to the preterm lambs. The percent recovery into an alveolar wash and lung tissue of 131I-albumin given by intravascular injection and of 125I-albumin given into the airways was measured in each animal after killing at 3 h of age. Full-term lambs had a small bidirectional leak of albumin to and from the alveoli and lung tissue. The recovery of intravascular 131I-albumin in the alveolar wash was 5.8- and 4.1-fold higher in lambs at 122 and 135 days gestational age, respectively, than in full-term lambs. The loss of 125I-albumin from the airways and alveoli also increased as gestational age decreased. The bidirectional flux of albumin to and from the alveoli increased as gestational age decreased in the prematurely delivered and ventilated lambs.
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Schreurs, N. M., P. R. Kenyon, P. C. H. Morel, and S. T. Morris. "Meta-analysis to establish the response of having heavier mature ewes during gestation on the birthweight of the lamb and the weaning weight of the ewe and lamb." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11292.
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There is much uncertainty about feeding ewes to maximise the performance of progeny and of the ewe itself to weaning. This includes questions about feeding the ewe to influence the lamb’s birthweight for lamb survival, feeding to augment the ewe’s lactation to maximise the lamb’s growth potential before weaning and feeding the ewe to increase the probability of having multiple offspring. The objective of this study was to carry out a meta-analytic study to consider the response of having heavier mature ewes during gestation on lamb and ewe performance measured by birth and weaning weights. The birthweight of singleton lambs was the greatest, twins were intermediate and triplets the lowest (5.8, 4.8 and 4.1 kg, respectively; P < 0.001). A similar trend (P < 0.001) was observed for the weaning weight of the lamb (29.1, 25.2 and 23.7 kg for lambs weaned as a single, twin or triplet, respectively). The liveweight of ewe at weaning was greater (P < 0.001) for those ewes that failed to wean a lamb (69.6 kg) or weaned a single lamb (67.8 kg) compared with ewes that weaned twin and triplet lambs (64.8 and 65.3 kg; respectively). A greater ewe liveweight during gestation gave different responses on the lamb birthweight, lamb weaning weight and the weaning weight of the ewe and this was dependent on birth and weaning rank category of the lamb (P < 0.05). Overall, the response of heavier ewes on lamb birthweights and ewe and lamb weaning weights was small compared with the effect of birth and weaning rank of the lamb.
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Campbell, Braden J., Christine Gelley, Jefferson S. McCutcheon, Francis L. Fluharty, and Anthony J. Parker. "PSX-15 Fall grazing of annual forages with fall born lambs may improve animal growth and total protein concentrations when compared to stockpiled pastures." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 451–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.786.
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Abstract There is a consistent demand for grass-fed livestock products in the domestic market. Alternative grazing strategies should be considered to sustain the year-round production of grass-fed products that meet consumer demand and support animal health and performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of annual forages on the growth and parasite resilience of growing lambs. We hypothesized that lambs grazing annual forages would increase their body weight at a greater rate when compared to lambs grazing stockpiled pasture. A total of 54, 60-day-old lambs (24 kg ± 4.9 kg) were stratified by weight, sex, and randomly assigned to one of three grazing treatments: 1) oats (O); 2) turnips (T); and 3) stockpiled tall fescue pasture (F). Lamb body weight and indices of parasitism were measured every 14 days. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. There was a treatment × day effect for body weight such that T lambs were heavier on days 42 and 56 than O and F lambs (P < 0.03). Furthermore, there was a treatment × day effect for average daily gain (ADG) whereas T lambs had a greater ADG on days 28 and 42 than O and F lambs (P < 0.0001). In addition, on day 42, F lambs had a greater ADG when compared to O lambs (P < 0.003). For the indices of parasitism, T lambs demonstrated lesser total plasma protein concentration on days 28 and 42 when compared with O lambs (P < 0.05). Forage type plays a critical role in lamb resilience to gastrointestinal parasites and body weight gain whereas T lambs showed a greater liveweight gain. However, T lambs also demonstrated lesser concentrations of total plasma protein when compared to O lambs. Under these conditions, annual forages adequately sustained the growth of fall grazing lambs.
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Sarıbey, Muammer, and Serhat Karaca. "Effects of pre-slaughter ascorbic acid administration on some physiological stress response and meat quality traits of lambs and kids subjected to road transport." Animal Production Science 59, no. 5 (2019): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17554.
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The present study determined the effects of pre-slaughter ascorbic acid administration on some physiological indicators and meat quality traits of road transport-stressed lambs and kids. Eighteen lambs and 18 kids were divided into the following three groups: no transportation (T0), 3-h transportation (T3), and ascorbid acid administered at 125 mg/kg before 3-h transportation (T3+C). The liveweight loss and rectal temperature were similar, while there were significant differences among groups for some biochemical parameters in both lambs and kids. Glucose concentrations significantly increased after transportation in lambs (P = 0.005) and kids (P < 0.001). Ascorbic acid had significant effects on serum glucose of lambs. T3 lambs had higher glucose concentrations than did T0 lambs (P < 0.001), while T0 and T3+C lambs were found to have similar concentrations. Oxidative status in lambs and kids, as determined by serum malondialdehyde concentration, did not differ among groups. However, some meat quality traits were negatively influenced by transportation. T3 lambs had a significantly lower muscle glycogen concentration than did T0 and T3+C lambs (P = 0.018), while ultimate pH was similar among groups. Muscle glycogen concentration was significantly lower (P = 0.008) and ultimate pH was higher in T3 and T3+C kids (P = 0.028). T3 and T3+C groups had darker meat (L*) than did T0 groups both in lambs and kids, whereas a*, cooking loss and water-holding capacity were similar among groups. The effect of ascorbic acid on meat toughness was significant and shear force value in T0 lambs was lower than that in T3 lambs (P = 0.009), while T0 and T3+C lambs were found to have similar shear force values. Overall, the administration of ascorbic acid to lambs before transportation could partly reduce the adverse effects of road transportation stress, whereas its effects on kids were found to be insignificant.
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Ekanayake, Lukshman Jay, Rene Anne Corner-Thomas, Lydia Margaret Cranston, Paul Richard Kenyon, and Stephen Todd Morris. "Lambs Weaned Early onto a Herb-Clover Mix Have the Potential to Grow at a Similar Rate to Unweaned Lambs on a Grass-Predominant Pasture." Animals 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040613.
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Liveweight gain of lambs weaned early at a minimum live weight of 14 kg, at ~50 days of age, onto a herb-clover mix was compared with lambs that remained unweaned on a grass-predominant pasture or a herb-clover mix until conventional weaning (at ~99 days of age). Over two years, twin sets of lambs that had a minimum live weight of 14 kg were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: (1) Early weaning of lambs onto a herb-clover mix (HerbEW); (2) ewes and lambs grazing a herb-clover mix until conventional weaning (HerbCW); and (3) ewes and lambs grazing a grass-predominant pasture until conventional weaning (GrassCW). HerbEW lambs had slower (p < 0.05) growth rates than GrassCW lambs between early weaning and conventional weaning in 2016 and were 800 g lighter (p < 0.05) at conventional weaning. In 2017, however, both HerbEW and GrassCW had similar (p > 0.05) growth rates and did not differ (p > 0.05) in live weight at conventional weaning. HerbCW lambs had a greater (p < 0.05) growth rates than both HerbEW and GrassCW lambs in both years. Lambs weaned early onto a herb-clover mix have the potential to achieve live weights similar to lambs unweaned on grass-predominant pasture. Further research, however, is required to understand conditions under which early-weaned lambs can achieve similar live weights.
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Hoffman, Louwrens Christiaan, Bianca Claasen, Daniël André Van der Merwe, Schalk Willem Petrus Cloete, and Jasper Johannes Erasmus Cloete. "The Effects of Production System and Sex on the Sensory Quality Characteristics of Dorper Lamb." Foods 9, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9060725.
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The effect of production systems on the sensory quality characteristics of Dorper lambs was investigated. Sixty lambs (ewes, rams, castrates) were allocated into two production groups (feedlot or free-range) at weaning with equal numbers of each sex represented in each group. The lambs were fed for five (slaughter group 1) or six (slaughter group 2) weeks. Feedlot lambs were fed a commercial pelleted diet while free-range lambs utilized natural shrub pastures. Samples of the Longissimus thoracis muscle were used for sensory evaluation. Feedlot lambs produced meat that was juicier and more tender than meat from free-range lambs. Initial juiciness was also higher in the meat from the feedlot lambs. No aroma or flavour differences were observed. The meat from the free-range ram lambs (slaughter group 1) was the least tender, whereas the lamb flavour was also compromised in the free-range ram lambs. Free-range meat may not necessarily be distinguished from feedlot meat as far as aroma and flavour are concerned.