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Journal articles on the topic 'Lake Maggiore'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Callieri, Cristiana, and Maria Luisa Pinolim. "Picoplankton in Lake Maggiore, Italy." Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 80, no. 3 (1995): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19950800313.

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2

Provini, A., S. Galassi, L. Guzzella, and G. Valli. "PCB profiles in sediments of Lakes Maggiore, Como and Garda (Italy)." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950129.

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Single PCB congeners were determined in dated sediment cores taken from the three greatest Italian lakes. The PCB profile is fairly constant with time in the three lakes and similar to that of a mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 (35 : 65). Qualitative and quantitative results are consistent with the amounts of Aroclor sold, showing a general trend towards less in recent sediments than in the 1970s. However, this decrease was sharper in Lakes Maggiore and Como, which in the past had PCB concentration peaks of 197 ng g-1 and 822 ng g-1, repectively, than in Lake Garda (peak 38 ng g-1). There is disequilibrium between the top sediment layer and the water column due to freshly settled algae, which can adsorb PCBs to a greater extent than can abiotic particulate matter. A comparison of PCB loads in rain and in sediment shows that there are still local sources of contamination in Lake Como. The net flux of less chlorinated PCBs from Lake Maggiore to the atmosphere indicates that this waterbody can be a source of pollution for the surrounding area.

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3

Dupouy-Camet, J., and R. Peduzzi. "Current situation of human diphyllobothriasis in Europe." Eurosurveillance 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.09.05.00467-en.

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Diphyllobothriasis, a parasitosis caused by the flatworm Diphyllobothrium latum, is contracted by consuming raw or undercooked freshwater fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of this parasitosis during the past 20 years in Europe through the analysis of databases and search engines (Medline, Cabi Helminthological abstracts,Yahoo, Google), and through a questionnaire sent to a network of European parasitologists and to microbiological laboratories located on the shores of the large Alpine lakes. This study has shown that several dozen cases have been reported each year in Finland and Sweden, that there have been numerous cases in the French or Italian speaking areas of subalpine lakes, and that sporadic cases only have been observed in Austria, Spain, Greece, Romania, Poland and Norway. Over 30 cases have been identified on the Swiss shores of Lake Maggiore since 1990, and 70 cases on the Swiss and French shores of Lake Léman between 1993 and 2002. Eight to 12% of perch fillets from Lake Leman and 7.8 % of perch from Lake Maggiore were infested with larvae. Contamination sources include marinated fish fillets in northern Europe, 'carpaccio di persico' in northern Italy, and perch and charr consumed raw or undercooked around Lake Léman. Factors allowing the continuation of the parasitic cycle include the continued dumping of wastewater into lakes, yachtsmen who also fish, and a possible animal reservoir.

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4

Vavassori, Alberto, Daniele Oxoli, and Maria Antonia Brovelli. "Population Space–Time Patterns Analysis and Anthropic Pressure Assessment of the Insubric Lakes Using User-Generated Geodata." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11030206.

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Human activities are one of the main causes of lake-water pollution and eutrophication. The study of human pressure around lakes is of importance to understand its effects on the lakes natural resources. Social media data is a valuable space–time-resolved information source to detect human dynamics. In this study, user-generated geodata, namely users’ location records provided by the Facebook Data for Good program, are used to assess population patterns and infer the magnitude of anthropic pressure in the areas surrounding the Insubric lakes (Maggiore, Como and Lugano) between Northern Italy and Southern Switzerland. Patterns were investigated across different lakes’ neighbouring areas as well as seasons, days of the week, and day hours in the study period May 2020–August 2021. Two indicators were conceived, computed and mapped to assess the space–time distribution of users around lakes and infer the anthropic pressure. The highest pressure was found around lakes Maggiore and Como coastal areas during weekends in summer (up to +14% average users presence than weekdays in winter), suggesting tourism is the primary accountable reason for the pressure. Contrarily, around lake Lugano, the population dynamic is mostly affected by commuters or weekly workers, where the maximum pressure occurs during weekdays in all seasons (+6.6% average users presence than weekends). Results provide valuable input to further analyses connected, for example, to the correlation between human activities and lake-water quality and/or prediction models for anthropic pressure and tourism fluxes on lakes that are foreseen for the future development of this work.

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5

Ribi, G., R. Tardent, P. Tardent, and C. Scascighini. "Dynamics of hydra populations in Lake Zürich, Switzerland, and Lake Maggiore, Italy." Swiss Journal of Hydrology 47, no. 1 (March 1985): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02538183.

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6

Tattoni, C., S. Giuntini, A. Gagliardi, A. Martinoli, R. Lardelli, N. Patocchi, A. Martinoli, and D. G. Preatoni. "EFFECT OF WATER LEVEL ON MIGRATORY BIRDS HABITAT AT LAKE MAGGIORE." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W1-2022 (August 6, 2022): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w1-2022-473-2022.

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Abstract. Migratory birds need to stop along their route to rest and feed at so called stopover sites. “Bolle di Magadino” is a protected wetland located near lake Maggiore (CH), an internationally recognized nesting and stop-over site for birds. The waters of Lake Maggiore are important resources for multiple usages, and are artificially regulated through a dam. Even slight variations in the water level are sufficient to cause flooding and draining of large portions of the wetlands, affecting foraging and resting opportunities for birds. We use open data and FOSS4G to study the effect of water level on bird migration. We compared the extent and type of flooded habitat using two approaches: Sentinel-1 remote sensing imagery and simulations based on the measured water level. The effect of type and extent of submerged vegetation obtained with both methods was tested against a time series of bird captures. Both methods had a similar temporal pattern of flooding in autumn, but nearly opposite in spring. The total extent and the type of submerged habitats showed significant differences. The results obtained by simulations based on water level were more correlated to birds captures and species richness than the estimations of flooded habitat derived by with Sentinel-1. The results presented here will contribute to the definition sustainable management tools of water management of lake Maggiore taking into account the effect of lake level on biodiversity.

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7

Cenci, R., R. Baudo, M. Bianchi, and H. Muntau. "Mercury Deposition and Redistribution Patterns (Southern Lake Maggiore, Italy)." Environmental Technology 17, no. 5 (May 1996): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593331708616417.

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8

Cenci, Roberto, Renato Baudo, and Herbert Muntau. "Mercury deposition fflstory of pallanza bay, lake maggiore, Italy." Environmental Technology 12, no. 8 (August 1991): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593339109385059.

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9

Binelli, A., F. Ricciardi, and A. Provini. "Present status of POP contamination in Lake Maggiore (Italy)." Chemosphere 57, no. 1 (October 2004): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.006.

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10

Coci, Manuela, Nina Odermatt, Michaela M. Salcher, Jakob Pernthaler, and Gianluca Corno. "Ecology and Distribution of Thaumarchaea in the Deep Hypolimnion of Lake Maggiore." Archaea 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/590434.

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Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) play an important role in the oxidation of ammonia in terrestrial, marine, and geothermal habitats, as confirmed by a number of studies specifically focused on those environments. Much less is known about the ecological role of AOA in freshwaters. In order to reach a high resolution at the Thaumarchaea community level, the probe MGI-535 was specifically designed for this study and applied to fluorescencein situhybridization and catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD-FISH) analysis. We then applied it to a fine analysis of diversity and relative abundance of AOA in the deepest layers of the oligotrophic Lake Maggiore, confirming previous published results of AOA presence, but showing differences in abundance and distribution within the water column without significant seasonal trends with respect to Bacteria. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of AOA clone libraries from deep lake water and from a lake tributary, River Maggia, suggested the riverine origin of AOA of the deep hypolimnion of the lake.

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11

Saidi, H., C. Dresti, D. Manca, and M. Ciampittiello. "Climate projections in Lake Maggiore watershed using statistical downscaling model." Climate Research 81 (September 17, 2020): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01613.

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Precipitation and temperature over the Lake Maggiore watershed greatly influence its water balance. Local communities from both Italy and Switzerland rely on the watershed for agriculture, tourism and hydropower production. Accurate climate projections in this area are vital in dealing with their impacts and yet are still lacking. Future climate was assessed by applying the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) and using CanESM2 predictors. Three scenarios defined by RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were adopted. Based on our results, SDSM is to a certain degree applicable for simulating precipitation and temperature in an Alpine area. Results indicate that warming from now until the end of the century will be about 2 to 3 times greater without global mitigation. Temperature is estimated to increase throughout the 21st century, with a stronger warming trend in the northeastern part of the region than in the southwestern part. The strength of the warming at the end of the century highly depends on the scenario considered, with an increase up to 1.7°C for the mitigation scenario RCP2.6 compared to 4.2°C for the unmitigated scenario RCP8.5. Seasonal precipitation is expected to change depending on the future scenarios. Most of the region is expected to display a seasonally positive precipitation change during the cold season and vice versa, resulting in a shift in the peak rainy season from autumn to winter. These findings suggest that the area might be vulnerable to global change and will provide useful insight to develop a better strategy for the management of water resources and to study the adoptive measures to manage flood disasters.

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12

Mosello, Rosario, and Delio Ruggiu. "Nutrient Load, Trophic Conditions and Restoration Prospects of Lake Maggiore." Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 70, no. 1 (1985): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19850700106.

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13

Gerosa, C., M. Bresciani, G. Luciani, C. A. Biraghi, D. Carrion, M. Rogora, and M. A. Brovelli. "ZONATION OF SUBALPINE LAKES BASED ON REMOTELY SENSED WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 29, 2021): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-551-2021.

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Abstract. SIMILE is an INTERREG Italy-Switzerland project that aims to preserve water quality of the subalpine lakes Como, Lugano and Maggiore (Northern Italy), through an integrated innovative monitoring system. For this purpose, satellite images are processed to map and monitor Chlorophyll-a (CHL-a), Total Suspended Solids (TSM) and Lake Water Surface Temperature (LWST). This study combines these remotely sensed water quality parameters (WPQs) maps, produced for the SIMILE project during 2019–2020, to propose and discuss a zonation approach that can support the monitoring of the study lakes through the analysis of spatial and temporal dynamics of the selected parameters. The approach consists in performing a cluster analysis on a combined sample of WQPs maps, on a monthly basis, for each lake; then the different lake clusters are compared over time, through time series analysis of the WQPs patterns. Finally, the clusters patterns are aggregated over time to map the lakes’ areas that have experienced higher or lower WQPs values during 2019–2020. The results show a high spatial variability for the lakes under study, both during the different seasons and years; a North-South gradient has been identified for all WQPs pattern, requiring for further investigation.

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14

Antognazza, Caterina M., Tommaso Costantini, Monica Campagnolo, and Serena Zaccara. "One Year Monitoring of Ecological Interaction of Silurus glanis in a Novel Invaded Oligotrophic Deep Lake (Lake Maggiore)." Water 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14010105.

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The European catfish (Silurus glanis) was introduced in Italy during the last century for aquaculture purposes, and now it is well-established. S. glanis is an invasive species and a top predator that can deplete prey supply in the surrounding habitat, leading to changes in the aquatic food web. Consequently, its presence is considered a threat to native fish populations. Its presence in the Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy) is recent and there is a lack of knowledge about its ability to completely exploit this new ecosystem throughout the year. This study corroborated the ability of European catfish to exploit both pelagic and littoral habitats, promoting trophic interactions in both habitats. Over 2019, multiple sampling approaches have been applied by collecting S. glanis and analysing its stomach contents with the aim of inferring interactions with the freshwater community. Its diet was mainly based on crayfish (Orconectes limosus), followed by six prey fish and the genus Corbicula; two fish species (Padogobius bonelli and Salaria fluviatilis) were added to the list of known prey fish. Notably and alarmingly for the early potential top-down pressure towards all trophic levels, young individuals were proved to also feed on fish and crayfish. S. glanis showed the ability to hunt at deep depths (>60 m) and a high growth rate, despite Lake Maggiore being oligotrophic.

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15

Rogora, M., A. Marchetto, and R. Mosello. "Trends in the chemistry of atmospheric deposition and surface waters in the Lake Maggiore catchment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2001): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-5-379-2001.

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Abstract. The Lake Maggiore catchment is the area of Italy most affected by acid deposition. Trend analysis was performed on long-term (15-30 years) series of chemical analyses of atmospheric deposition, four small rivers draining forested catchments and four high mountain lakes. An improvement in the quality of atmospheric deposition was detected, due to decreasing sulphate concentration and increasing pH. Similar trends were also found in high mountain lakes and in small rivers. Atmospheric deposition, however, is still providing a large and steady flux of nitrogen compounds (nitrate and ammonium) which is causing increasing nitrogen saturation in forest ecosystems and increasing nitrate levels in rivers. Besides atmospheric deposition, an important factor controlling water acidification and recovery is the weathering of rocks and soils which may be influenced by climate warming. A further factor is the episodic deposition of Saharan calcareous dust which contributes significantly to base cation deposition. Keywords: trend, atmospheric deposition, nitrogen, stream water chemistry.

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16

Stefani, F., F. Salerno, D. Copetti, D. Rabuffetti, L. Guidetti, G. Torri, A. Naggi, M. Iacomini, G. Morabito, and L. Guzzella. "Endogenous origin of foams in lakes: a long-term analysis for Lake Maggiore (northern Italy)." Hydrobiologia 767, no. 1 (September 30, 2015): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2506-8.

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17

Bratic, G., D. Carrion, M. Cannata, M. Rogora, D. Strigaro, and M. A. Brovelli. "LAKE WATER QUALITY MONITORING TOOLS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2022 (June 2, 2022): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2022-599-2022.

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Abstract. Lakes as ecosystems provide many goods and services. To benefit from them in long term we must assure sustainable management. SIMILE (informative System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems) project is focused on developing efficient monitoring of lake water quality since it gives the critical input for adequate management. The lakes of interest for SIMILE are the Insubric lakes Como, Lugano, and Maggiore. The paper is focused on describing which tools are used in the SIMILE project to exploit different sources of lake water quality data: in-situ high-frequency monitoring (HFM) through sensors, satellite observations, and data collected by citizens. Even though the paper is focused on the SIMILE project, and thus on tools and procedures for the Insubric lakes, it can serve as an example for other lakes too, especially because the tools developed in the project, such as a collaborative platform for sharing satellite-derived water quality parameters, and mobile application and web administrator interface for citizen science, are free and open-source, they can be easily adapted if needed. Moreover, the procedures for the processing of data coming from different sources are based on free (and often also open source) software and are well documented. The tools and procedures described in this paper might be a foundation for similar practice for lakes worldwide, and thus a step forward the 6th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of the United Nations (“Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all”).

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18

Carrion, D., E. Pessina, C. A. Biraghi, and G. Bratic. "CROWDSOURCING WATER QUALITY WITH THE SIMILE APP." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 24, 2020): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-245-2020.

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Abstract. This paper aims at presenting the application for lake water quality monitoring which has been developed in the framework of SIMILE (Informative System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems) Interreg Italy-Switzerland project. The objective of SIMILE project is to facilitate the monitoring of the Maggiore, Como, and Lugano lakes through the integration of different techniques: in situ monitoring with buoys, remote sensing and citizen science. A mobile application has been designed in agreement with the project partners, who are also actors working for lake quality monitoring, such as CNR (Italian National Research Council) and ARPA (Agency for prevention and environmental protection). The developed application allows to collect data over the area of interest, such as pictures and parameters which can be acquired by visual inspection as well as with appropriate tools, depending on the user typology. The application has then been implemented with open source software to foster its use also for other projects with similar goals. In the paper, the design choices, the architecture and the implementation details are described.

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19

Ciampittiello, Marzia, Dario Manca, Claudia Dresti, Stefano Grisoni, Andrea Lami, and Helmi Saidi. "Meteo-Hydrological Sensors within the Lake Maggiore Catchment: System Establishment, Functioning and Data Validation." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 11, 2021): 8300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248300.

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Climate change and human activities have a strong impact on lakes and their catchments, so to understand ongoing processes it is fundamental to monitor environmental variables with a spatially well-distributed and high frequency network and efficiently share data. An effective sharing and interoperability of environmental information between technician and end-user fosters an in-depth knowledge of the territory and its critical environmental issues. In this paper, we present the approaches and the results obtained during the PITAGORA project (Interoperable Technological Platform for Acquisition, Management and Organization of Environmental data, related to the lake basin). PITAGORA was aimed at developing both instruments and data management, including pre-processing and quality control of raw data to ensure that data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR principles). The main results show that the developed instrumentation is low-cost, easily implementable and reliable, and can be applied to the measurement of diverse environmental parameters such as meteorological, hydrological, physico-chemical, and geological. The flexibility of the solutions proposed make our system adaptable to different monitoring purposes, research, management, and civil protection. The real time access to environmental information can improve management of a territory and ecosystems, safety of the population, and sustainable socio-economic development.

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20

Pascariello, Simona, Michela Mazzoni, Roberta Bettinetti, Marina Manca, Martina Patelli, Roberta Piscia, Sara Valsecchi, and Stefano Polesello. "Organic Contaminants in Zooplankton of Italian Subalpine Lakes: Patterns of Distribution and Seasonal Variations." Water 11, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091901.

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Zooplankton is a key node in many trophic webs, both for food that for persistent organic contaminants that can accumulate in biota. Zooplankton of different size was seasonally sampled for two years in three deep Italian subalpine lakes (Maggiore, Como, Iseo) with the aim of determining the concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), DDT, and PCB, and assessing the seasonality impacts on contaminants concentrations. In general, Lake Maggiore showed the highest concentrations for each group of contaminants, with mean values of 7.6 ng g−1 ww for PFAS, 65.0 ng g−1 dw for DDT, and 65.5 ng g−1 dw for PCB. When considering the composition pattern, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was detected in 96% of the samples and it was the predominant PFAS compound in all of the lakes. pp’ DDE was the most detected congener among DDTs and their metabolites, while for PCBs, the prevalent group was hexa-CB that constituted 35.4% of the total PCB contamination. A seasonal trend was highlighted for all contaminant groups with concentrations in colder months greater than in spring and summer; it was evident that the contaminant concentrations were more dependent from seasonality than from size, trophic levels, and taxa composition of zooplankton. Principal component analysis showed that one of the main driver for the accumulation of most of the studied contaminants is their lipophilicity, except for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and octachlorobiphenyl.

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21

AMBROSETTI, Walter, Luigi BARBANTI, and Elisabetta A. CARRARA. "Mechanisms of hypolimnion erosion in a deep lake (Lago Maggiore, N. Italy)." Journal of Limnology 69, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2010.3.

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22

Eckert, Ester M., Andrea Di Cesare, Lala-Sakina Malki, Jörg Villiger, Jakob Pernthaler, Cristiana Callieri, Roberto Bertoni, and Gianluca Corno. "Seasonality of the antibiotic resistance gene blaCTX-M in temperate Lake Maggiore." Hydrobiologia 843, no. 1 (August 10, 2019): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04043-w.

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23

Cazzini, Ferdinando Franco, Chiara Amadori, Alberto Bosino, and Roberto Fantoni. "New seismic evidence of the Messinian paleomorphology beneath Lake Maggiore area (Italy)." Italian Journal of Geosciences 139, no. 2 (June 2020): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2019.26.

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24

Guariso, G., E. Laniado, and S. Rinaldi. "The management of lake maggiore: Conflict analysis and the price of noncooperation." Operations-Research-Spektrum 7, no. 2 (June 1985): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01725083.

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25

Olivella, M. Àngels. "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rainwater and surface waters of Lake Maggiore, a subalpine lake in Northern Italy." Chemosphere 63, no. 1 (March 2006): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.045.

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26

Stucki, Peter, Moritz Bandhauer, Ulla Heikkilä, Ole Rössler, Massimiliano Zappa, Lucas Pfister, Melanie Salvisberg, et al. "Reconstruction and simulation of an extreme flood event in the Lago Maggiore catchment in 1868." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 10 (October 23, 2018): 2717–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2717-2018.

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Abstract. Heavy precipitation on the south side of the central Alps produced a catastrophic flood in October 1868. We assess the damage and societal impacts, as well as the atmospheric and hydrological drivers using documentary evidence, observations and novel numerical weather and runoff simulations. The greatest damage was concentrated close to the Alpine divide and Lago Maggiore. An atmospheric reanalysis emphasizes the repeated occurrence of streamers of high potential vorticity as precursors of heavy precipitation. Dynamical downscaling indicates high freezing levels (4000 m a.s.l.), extreme precipitation rates (max. 270 mm 24 h−1) and weather dynamics that agree well with observed precipitation and damage, and with existing concepts of forced low-level convergence, mid-level uplift and iterative northeastward propagation of convective cells. Simulated and observed peak levels of Lago Maggiore differ by 2 m, possibly because the exact cross section of the lake outflow is unknown. The extreme response of Lago Maggiore cannot be attributed to low forest cover. Nevertheless, such a paradigm was adopted by policy makers following the 1868 flood, and used to implement nationwide afforestation policies and hydraulic structures. These findings illustrate the potential of high-resolution, hydrometeorological models – strongly supported by historical methods – to shed new light on weather events and their socio-economic implications in the 19th century.

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27

Binelli, A., R. Bacchetta, G. Vailati, S. Galassi, and A. Provini. "DDT contamination in Lake Maggiore (N. Italy) and effects on zebra mussel spawning." Chemosphere 45, no. 4-5 (November 2001): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00048-0.

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28

Binelli, A., C. Riva, and A. Provini. "Biomarkers in Zebra mussel for monitoring and quality assessment of Lake Maggiore (Italy)." Biomarkers 12, no. 4 (January 2007): 349–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547500701197412.

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29

Mosello, R., and A. Lami. "Climate Change and Related Effects on Water Quality: Examples from Lake Maggiore (Italy)." Global Bioethics 24, no. 1-4 (January 2011): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2011.10800706.

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30

Bertoni, Roberto, Walter Ambrosetti, and Cristiana Callieri. "Physical constraints in the deep hypolimnion of a subalpine lake driving planktonic Bacteria and Archaea distribution." Advances in Oceanography and Limnology 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiol.2010.5296.

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The study of the hydrodynamics of the hypolimnion of a deep holo-oligomictic lake (Lake Maggiore, Northern Italy, zmax¼370 m) during the last 28 years showed that hypolimnetic waters remained isolated, not exchanging with the mixing zone even in winter when the full overturn conditions are most likely. The thickness of the isolated layer can range from 100 to 300 m. Thus, water masses of variable size reside in the lake for many years, and their physical and chemical conditions remain relatively unaffected by seasonal variability and epilimnetic imputs. In the hypolimnetic waters prokaryote abundance is three times lower than in the mixing layer but cell size is significantly higher. In addition, the relative abundance of Archaea and Crenarchaeota increases with depth in respect to that of Bacteria. The heterogeneous distribution of the two domains within the habitat can be attributed to the existence in the same environment of isolated water masses.

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31

Callieri, Cristiana, Emanuele Caravati, Gianluca Corno, and Roberto Bertoni. "Picocyanobacterial community structure and space-time dynamics in the subalpine Lake Maggiore (N. Italy)." Journal of Limnology 71, no. 1 (January 19, 2012): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2012.e9.

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32

Micotti, M., R. Soncini Sessa, and E. Weber. "Strategic decision making under climate change: a case study on Lake Maggiore water system." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 364 (September 17, 2014): 532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-364-532-2014.

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Abstract. Water resources planning processes involve different kinds of decisions that are generally evaluated under a stationary climate scenario assumption. In general, the possible combinations of interventions are mutually compared as single alternatives. However, the ongoing climate change requires us to reconsider this approach. Indeed, what have to be compared are not individual alternatives, but families of alternatives, characterized by the same structural decisions, i.e. by actions that have long-term effects and entail irrevocable changes in the system. The rationale is that the structural actions, once they have been implemented, cannot be easily modified, while the management decisions can be adapted to the evolving conditions. This paper considers this methodological problem in a real case study, in which a strategic decision has to be taken: a new barrage was proposed to regulate Lake Maggiore outflow, but, alternatively, either the present barrage can be maintained with its present regulation norms or with a new one. The problem was dealt with by multi-criteria decision analysis involving many stakeholders and two decision-makers. An exhaustive set of indicators was defined in the participatory process, conducted under the integrated water resource management paradigm, and many efficient (in Pareto sense) regulation policies were identified. The paper explores different formulations of a global index to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the classes of alternatives under both stationary and changing hydrological scenarios in order to assess their adaptability to the ongoing climate change.

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Bertoni, R., C. Callieri, G. Morabito, M. L. Pinolini, and A. Pugnetti. "Quali-quantitative changes in organic carbon production during the oligotrophication of Lake Maggiore, Italy." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 26, no. 2 (December 1997): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1995.11900722.

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Binelli, A., and A. Provini. "DDT is still a problem in developed countries: the heavy pollution of Lake Maggiore." Chemosphere 52, no. 4 (July 2003): 717–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00188-7.

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Marziali, Laura, Roberta Piscia, Lucia Valsecchi, Claudio Roscioli, and Marina Manca. "Zooplankton as Mercury Repository in Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy): Biomass Composition and Stable Isotope Analysis." Water 14, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14050680.

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Total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were analyzed in zooplankton (≥450 and ≥850 µm size fractions) collected seasonally over 6 years in Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy), characterized by a legacy mercury contamination. Analysis of δ 15N and δ13C stable isotopes was carried out to trace how taxa with different trophic levels and carbon sources contributed to mercury concentrations and trends. THg ranged between 44–213 µg kg−1 d.w. and MeHg 15–93 µg kg−1 d.w., representing 24–61% of THg. Values showed strong seasonal variations, with peaks in winter, due to the high biomass of predator taxa (Bythotrephes longimanus, Leptodora kindtii) and of Daphnia longispina-galeata gr. A positive correlation between THg and MeHg and δ15N signature was observed. D. longispina-galeata gr. prevailed in both size fractions, substantially contributing to THg and MeHg concentrations. Δ13C signature was strictly bound to lake thermal circulation dynamics. Mercury stock in the zooplankton compartment ranged between 19–140 ng THg m−2 and 6–44 ng MeHg m−2 for the ≥450 µm size fraction and between 2–66 ng THg m−2 and 1–7 ng MeHg m−2 for the ≥850 µm fraction, with the highest values in spring when zooplanktivorous fish actively prey in the pelagic zone. The results highlighted the crucial role of zooplankton as a repository of mercury, easily available to higher trophic levels.

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Omair, M., Henry A. Vanderploeg, David J. Jude, and Gary L. Fahnenstiel. "First observations of tumor-like abnormalities (exophytic lesions) on Lake Michigan zooplankton." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-146.

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Tumor-like abnormalities (exophytic lesions) were found on a variety of planktonic calanoid copepods and cladocerans (Diaptomus spp., Epischura lacustris, Limnocalanus macrurus, Polyphemus pediculus, Diaphanosoma sp., and Daphnia galeata mendotae) collected from inshore (3-m depth contour) and offshore (100- to 110-m depth contours) stations of eastern Lake Michigan. The abnormalities, which were quite large relative to animal size and variable in shape, are documented in photographs. Abnormality incidences among species ranged between 0 and 72%. Predatory species of calanoids and cladocerans had higher incidences of tumors than herbivorous species. The abnormalities on some copepods were very similar to cysts described for calanoid copepods in Lago Maggiore, Italy, which like Lake Michigan is undergoing oligotrophication. The recent appearance of the lesions in Europe and North America may indicate an emerging global phenomenon that has a common cause.

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Ricci, Giulia, Michele Secco, Fabio Marzaioli, Filippo Terrasi, Isabella Passariello, Anna Addis, Paolo Lampugnani, and Gilberto Artioli. "The Cannero Castle (Italy): Development of Radiocarbon Dating Methodologies in the Framework of the Layered Double Hydroxide Mortars." Radiocarbon 62, no. 3 (May 13, 2020): 617–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2020.31.

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ABSTRACTThe mortar samples of the Castle of Cannero (Lake Maggiore, Italy) have been characterized and radiocarbon (14C) dated. The presence of LDH phases was identified. The hydraulic reaction was evaluated by a multi-analytical approach. Careful extraction, preparation and purification of the binder fraction have been performed. Contaminations due to LDH phases have been removed allowing reliable absolute dating of the structures.Non-hydraulic lime-based mortars represent only part of the binding materials found in archaeological and historical structures, and a new challenge is the application of 14C dating techniques on mortars that feature hydraulic reactions. This research work aims at 14C dating a series of Mg-rich hydraulic mortars from the Castle of Cannero (Lake Maggiore, Italy), from which both charcoals and mortar samples were collected. A multi-analytical approach employing X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive microanalysis (SEM-EDS) was adopted in order to carefully characterize the samples. A wet gravimetric separation for the extraction of the fine fraction mainly composed by the mortar binder was carried out and the binder fraction was characterized by XRPD in order to investigate the presence of contaminants. The binding fractions are characterized by the widespread occurrence of hydrotalcite-type minerals, considered contaminants in 14C dating of mortars because of their capability to exchange carbonate anions even after the hardening process. A further purification treatment by thermal decomposition was performed before 14C dating by AMS. The obtained dates were consistent with archaeological expectations, confirming the potential of the developed purification methodology for hydraulic mortars dating.

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SCIUTO, S., M. PREARO, R. DESIATO, C. BULFON, E. A. V. BURIOLI, G. ESPOSITO, C. GUGLIELMETTI, et al. "Dioxin-like Compounds in Lake Fish Species: Evaluation by DR-CALUX Bioassay." Journal of Food Protection 81, no. 5 (April 13, 2018): 842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-476.

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ABSTRACT Fish consumption is the principal source of intake of organochlorinated compounds in humans. Compared with other types of foods of animal origin, fish contain the highest levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, all of which are classified as highly toxic organochlorine compounds. Currently, lakes and fish farms in northern Italy are not regularly monitored for PCBs and dioxins in areas contaminated by industrial sources, partially because of the high costs of traditional analytical methods that limit the number of samples to be analyzed. The DR-CALUX cell bioassay is based on the uptake of the cellular aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of dioxins and dioxin-like PCB contamination in Lake Maggiore and Lake Como, two lakes in northwestern Italy, and in nearby areas. The levels were quantified using the cell bioassay DR-CALUX and reference controls in two wild fish species, perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus), and in a farmed species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Tissue samples collected from the farmed rainbow trout were also submitted to immunohistochemical analysis of CYP1A expression as a marker for environmental pollutant-induced liver damage. The levels of dioxins, furans, and dioxin-like PCBs were all below the maximum levels and action limits set by European Union Regulation, suggesting no risk for human health associated with the consumption of the fish species caught or farmed in these areas.

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Morabito, Giuseppe, and Alessandra Pugnetti. "Primary productivity and related variables in the course of the trophic evolution of Lake Maggiore." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 27, no. 5 (December 2000): 2934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1998.11898207.

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Poma, Giulia, Claudio Roscioli, and Licia Guzzella. "PBDE, HBCD, and novel brominated flame retardant contamination in sediments from Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy)." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 186, no. 11 (July 31, 2014): 7683–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3959-3.

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Morabito, Giuseppe, Michela Rogora, Martina Austoni, and Marzia Ciampittiello. "Could the extreme meteorological events in Lake Maggiore watershed determine a climate-driven eutrophication process?" Hydrobiologia 824, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3549-4.

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Binelli, Andrea, Renato Bacchetta, Paride Mantecca, Francesco Ricciardi, Alfredo Provini, and Giovanni Vailati. "DDT in zebra mussels from Lake Maggiore (N. Italy): level of contamination and endocrine disruptions." Aquatic Toxicology 69, no. 2 (August 2004): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.05.005.

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Parolini, Marco, Alessandra Pedriali, and Andrea Binelli. "Chemical and biomarker responses for site-specific quality assessment of the Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy)." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20, no. 8 (February 26, 2013): 5545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1556-6.

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Nevalainen, Liisa, Meghan Brown, and Marina Manca. "Sedimentary Record of Cladoceran Functionality under Eutrophication and Re-Oligotrophication in Lake Maggiore, Northern Italy." Water 10, no. 1 (January 19, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10010086.

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Sesana, Lucia, Barbara Ottobrini, Giancarla Polla, and Ugo Facchini. "222Rn as indicator of atmospheric turbulence: measurements at Lake Maggiore and on the pre-Alps." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 86, no. 2 (January 2006): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.09.005.

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Guzzella, Licia, Claudio Roscioli, and Andrea Binelli. "Contamination by polybrominated diphenyl ethers of sediments from the Lake Maggiore basin (Italy and Switzerland)." Chemosphere 73, no. 10 (November 2008): 1684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.073.

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47

Bettinetti, Roberta, Silvia Quadroni, Marina Manca, Roberta Piscia, Pietro Volta, Licia Guzzella, Claudio Roscioli, and Silvana Galassi. "Seasonal fluctuations of DDTs and PCBs in zooplankton and fish of Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy)." Chemosphere 88, no. 3 (July 2012): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.009.

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48

Bettinetti, R., V. Croce, and S. Galassi. "Ecological Risk Assessment for the Recent Case of DDT Pollution in Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy)." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 162, no. 1-4 (March 2005): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-7419-0.

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49

Caroni, Rossana, Gary Free, Anna Visconti, and Marina Manca. "Phytoplankton functional traits and seston stable isotopes signature: a functional-based approach in a deep, subalpine lake, Lake Maggiore (N. Italy)." Journal of Limnology 71, no. 1 (January 19, 2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2012.e8.

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50

Bravničar, Jernej, Anja Palandačić, Simona Sušnik Bajec, and Aleš Snoj. "Neotype designation for Thymallus aeliani Valenciennes, 1848 from a museum topotype specimen and its affiliation with Adriatic grayling on the basis of mitochondrial DNA." ZooKeys 999 (November 30, 2020): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.999.56636.

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In 1848, the grayling Thymallus aeliani (Valenciennes) was described from Lake Maggiore, Italy, in the north Adriatic basin. Genetic analyses of the mitochondrial control region showed a unique evolutionary history of grayling inhabiting the rivers of northern Adriatic basin, from the upper reaches of the Po River and its left tributaries in the west to the Soča River in the east, which resulted in the designation of this phylogenetic lineage as Adriatic grayling. Consequently, the name T. aeliani was connected to the Adriatic lineage, re-establishing the validity of this taxon. However, the mitochondrial haplotypes belonging to Adriatic grayling were never compared with the type specimens of T. aeliani, as their whereabouts were unknown. In this study, a neotype for T. aeliani was designated using topotypical specimens stored at the Natural History Museum in Vienna. The neotype (NMW 68027:2 labelled as “Lago Maggiore, Bellotti, 1880”) was designated pursuant to the conditions stipulated in Article 75.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Furthermore, the mitochondrial control region of the neotype was compared to haplotypes of the Adriatic lineage and showed high genetic similarity, which therefore connects the species name T. aeliani to the Adriatic grayling. This crucial step in fixing nomenclatural status of this species is very important for its protection and management.

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