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Journal articles on the topic 'Lactucin'

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Published: 7 July 2024

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1

Wang, Xin, Min Liu, Guo He Cai, Yan Chen, Xiao Chen Shi, Cong Cong Zhang, Bo Xia, et al. "A Potential Nutraceutical Candidate Lactucin Inhibits Adipogenesis through Downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Mitotic Clonal Expansion." Cells 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020331.

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The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide in the past ~50 years. Searching for safe and effective anti-obesity strategies are urgently needed. Lactucin, a plant-derived natural small molecule, is known for anti-malaria and anti-hyperalgesia. The study is to investigate whether lactucin plays a key role in adipogenesis. To this end, in vivo male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were treated with 20 mg/kg/day of lactucin or vehicle by gavage for seven weeks. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, Lactucin-treated mice showed lower body mass and mass of adipose tissue. Consistently, in vitro 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 20 μM of lactucin. Compared to controls, lactucin-treated cells showed significantly less lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation and lower levels of lipid synthesis markers. Mechanistically, we showed the anti-adipogenic property of lactucin was largely limited to the early stage of adipogenesis. Lactucin-treated cells fail to undergo mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). Further studies demonstrate that lactucin-induced MCE arrests might result from reduced phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. We then asked whether activation of JAK2/STAT3 would restore the inhibitory effect of lactucin on adipogenesis with pharmacological STAT3 activator colivelin. Our results revealed similar levels of lipid accumulation between lactucin-treated cells and controls in the presence of colivelin, indicating that inactivation of STAT3 is the limiting factor for the anti-adipogenesis of lactucin in these cells. Together, our results provide the indication that lactucin exerts an anti-adipogenesis effect, which may open new therapeutic options for obesity.

2

Imam, Khandaker Md Sharif Uddin, Yu Tian, Fengjiao Xin, Yingying Xie, and Boting Wen. "Lactucin, A Bitter Sesquiterpene from Cichorium intybus, Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation by Downregulating the MAPK and Central Carbon Metabolism Pathway." Molecules 27, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 7358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217358.

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Lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma, is the second most occurring and highest fatality-causing cancer worldwide. Many natural anticancer compounds, such as sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), show promising anticancer properties. Herein, we examined Lactucin, an SL from the plant Cichorium intybus, for its cytotoxicity, apoptotic-inducing, cell cycle inhibiting capacity, and associated protein expression. We also constructed a biotinylated Lactucin probe to isolate interacting proteins and identified them. We found that Lactucin stops the proliferation of A549 and H2347 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines while not affecting normal lung cell MRC5. It also significantly inhibits the cell cycle at G0/G1 stage and induces apoptosis. The western blot analysis shows that Lactucin downregulates the MAPK pathway, cyclin, and cyclin-dependent kinases, inhibiting DNA repair while upregulating p53, p21, Bax, PTEN, and downregulation of Bcl-2. An increased p53 in response to DNA damage upregulates p21, Bax, and PTEN. In an activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) analysis of A549 cell’s protein lysate using a biotinylated Lactucin probe, we found that Lactucin binds PGM, PKM, and LDHA PDH, four critical enzymes in central carbon metabolism in cancer cells, limiting cancer cells in its growth; thus, Lactucin inhibits cancer cell proliferation by downregulating the MAPK and the Central Carbon Metabolism pathway.

3

Ko, Heejin, Yu Jin Shon, Wonchul Lim, Tae-Gyu Nam, Wook Chul Kim, Nam Hee Kim, and Tae-Gyu Lim. "The Antimelanogenic Activity of the Extract of Heukharang Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Leaf." Journal of Food Biochemistry 2024 (February 2, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/6668222.

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Heukharang (Lactuca sativa L.), the artificially developed lettuce cultivar for enhancement of lactucin content, exhibits antioxidant activities and sleep-promoting effects. However, potential of Heukharang as a raw material for the skin-whitening agent has not been investigated yet. This study evaluated the effects of Heukharang extract (HHE) on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo models. Our findings revealed that HHE (25–100 μg/mL) effectively inhibited α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis in both 2D and 3D cell culture environments without compromising the viability of the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line. Furthermore, HHE suppressed intracellular tyrosinase activity, along with both gene and protein expression of tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2. HHE downregulated the mRNA level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein. The antimelanogenic activity of HHE (50 and 100 μg/mL) was also confirmed using a zebrafish embryo model, highlighting its efficacy in inhibiting α-MSH-induced melanogenesis through the downregulating CREB/MITF/TYR signaling pathways. Moreover, our study demonstrated that a corresponding amount of lactucin (5–20 μM) to the HHE inhibited and regulated melanogenesis. These results collectively suggest that HHE, enriched with lactucin, holds promise as a potential skin-whitening agent for nutricosmetic industries.

4

Zhang, Fu-Hua, Yu-Ling Yan, Ying Wang, and Zhen Liu. "Lactucin induces potent anti-cancer effects in HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and sub-G1 cell cycle arrest." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 11, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i2.26729.

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<p class="Abstract">The main purpose of the present study was to examine the antitumor and apoptotic effects of lactucin in HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells. MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effects of lactucin while as phase contrast, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to evaluate the apoptotic effects of lactucin in these cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess the effects of lactucin on cell cycle phase distribution. The results indicate that lactucin induced potent, time– and dose-dependent antitumor effects. The microscopic techniques showed that lactucin induced characteristic features of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, appearance of vacuoles, swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Viable cells are stained green, early apoptotic cells are stained yellow, while as late apoptotic cells are stained reddish orange. Flow cytometry revealed that lactucin induced sub-G1 cell cycle arrest.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clips</strong></p><p class="Abstract">Phase contrast microscopy: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/xrTjOVvlTxQ">1</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/GxuMkGnkpSE">2</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/SfmdL2-O45Y">3</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/7vbJ9HMRTHU">4</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/u4aLzmlXF8s">5</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/ucl8DjPeV9c">6</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/uI932TJVfFY">7</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/5sMlUKbKMhc">8</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/-tx20gFHYnc">9</a></p><p> </p>

5

Ilgün, Selen, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Mert Ilhan, Derya Çiçek Polat, Ayse Baldemir Kılıç, Maksut Coşkun, and Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez. "Sedative Effects of Latexes Obtained from Some Lactuca L. Species Growing in Turkey." Molecules 25, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071587.

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Lactuca L. species belong to the Asteraceae family and these plants are traditionally used for therapeutic purposes around the world. The dried milky latex of L. serriola is known as “lettuce oil” and is used as a sedative in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the sedative effects and analyze the chemical compositions of latexes obtained from some Lactuca species growing in Turkey. The sedative effects were evaluated through various behavioral tests on mice. For this purpose, latexes were obtained from L. glareosa Boiss., L. viminea (L.) J. Presl and C. P, L. mulgedioides (Vis and Panćić) Boiss. and Kotschy ex. Boiss., L. saligna L., and L. serriola L. The latex from L. saligna showed the highest sedative effects, whilst L. serriola and L. viminea latexes also displayed significant sedative effects compared to the control group at a dose of 100 mg/kg. However, the latexes from L. glareosa and L. mulqedioides did not exhibit any sedative effects on mice. Characteristic sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin, lactucopicrin, 11,13β-dihydrolactucin, and 11,13β-dihydrolactucopicrin) were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactucin was identified as the main component.

6

Kisiel, Wanda, and Klaudia Michalska. "Root Constituents of Cichorium pumilum and Rearrangements of Some Lactucin-like Guaianolides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 58, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2003): 789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-11-1206.

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Abstract Two eudesmanolides, eight lactucin-like guaianolides and five phenolic compounds were isolated for the first time from roots of Cichorium pumilum, along with two previously reported eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactones. Rearrangements of some lactucin-like guaianolides during isolation procedures were also discussed.

7

Kisiel, Wanda, and Klaudia Michalska. "Root constituents of Lactuca sibirica and a comparison of metabolite profiles of L. sibirica and L. tatarica." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 78, no. 1 (2011): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2009.004.

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Nine known sesquiterpene lactones, including four lactucin-type guaianolides, four costuslactone-type guaianolides and one germacranolide, were isolated from roots of <em>Lactuca sibirica</em> (<em>Asteraceae</em>), six of which were glycoside derivatives. The chemosystematic significance of the compounds is discussed in the context of sesquiterpenoids present in roots of the closely related species <em>Lactuca tatarica</em>. A comparison of sesquiterpene lactone profiles indicate that the species can be differentiated on the basis of their germacranolide glycoside compositions.

8

Wesołowska, A., A. Nikiforuk, K. Michalska, W. Kisiel, and E. Chojnacka-Wójcik. "Analgesic and sedative activities of lactucin and some lactucin-like guaianolides in mice." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 107, no. 2 (September 2006): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.003.

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9

Peters, Angeline M., and Aart van Amerongen. "Relationship between Levels of Sesquiterpene Lactones in Chicory and Sensory Evaluation." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 2 (March 1998): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.2.326.

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In this pilot study, we investigated the relationship between levels of bitter sesquiterpene lactones and sensory evaluation of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). The levels of two bitter sesquiterpene lactones—lactucopicrin and lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones—were measured by ELISA in raw and cooked chicory samples from several cultivars. Data were compared with the results of a sensory evaluation on the flavor attributes bitterness, typical chicory flavor, and total flavor intensity of identical chicory samples. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the levels of lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones were significantly related to bitterness (P = 0.006) and total flavor intensity (P = 0.03) attributes in raw chicory samples. When cooked chicory samples were evaluated, the levels of lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones were significantly related to bitterness (P = 0.002), typical chicory flavor (P < 0.001), and total flavor intensity (P = 0.009) attributes, while lactucopicrin levels were related to bitterness (P = 0.002) only. These results show that the ELISA can be useful to predict flavor attributes in chicory.

10

Qi, S. "Biosynthetic studies of lactucin derivatives in hairy root cultures of lactuca floridana." Phytochemistry 40, no. 6 (December 1995): 1659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00478-p.

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11

Luo, Yuqin, Weijun Yang, Abudujilili Abuduaini, and Haji Akber Aisa. "Preparation of Magnetic Nanoliposomes of Sesquiterpene-Rich Fraction from Cichorium glandulosum and Its Tissue Distribution in Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (October 18, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8549519.

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Objective. To prepare and study the distribution of magnetic nanoliposomes of Sesquiterpene-Rich Fraction from Cichorium glandulosum (SRF-MLN) (under magnetic field) in the main organs of mice. Methods. The SRF-MLN was prepared by ethanol injection-sonication precipitation method. The quality of its pharmaceutical properties was investigated by the active ingredient lactucin. The drug concentration and distribution of lactucin in different tissues and organs including whole blood, liver, heart, spleen, lung, and kidney were evaluated with Sesquiterpene-Rich Fraction from Cichorium glandulosum (SRF-LP) as a control. Results. The prepared SRF-MLN was spherical and monodispersed with an average particle diameter of 65 ± 1 nm, encapsulation efficiency of 91.3% ± 1.5% (RSD% = 1.5), and drug loading rate of 4.7% ± 0.3% (RSD% = 0.7). Dispersion coefficient PDI was 0.157 and Zeta potential was −17.5 mV. The lactucin concentration of SRF-MLN after 10 min of intravenous injection in heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney was significantly higher than that of SRF-LP group. The AUC0-12h values of liver tissue were obviously higher than other tissues and MRT was significantly prolonged under the action of the magnetic field (p<0.01). Conclusion. The prepared SRF-MLN can change the distribution of drugs in different tissues and organs, prolonging the action time of the drugs in the body, and it has certain specificity under the action of applied magnetic field.

12

Seo, Myeong Whoon, Dong Sik Yang, Stanley J. Kays, Gung Pyo Lee, and Kuen Woo Park. "Sesquiterpene Lactones and Bitterness in Korean Leaf Lettuce Cultivars." HortScience 44, no. 2 (April 2009): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.2.246.

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The principal bitter sesquiterpene lactones (BSLs; latucin, 8-deoxylactucin, and lactucopicrin) in six red and four green-pigmented leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L.) cultivars were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and the contribution of each to the overall bitterness was determined. The concentration of each BSL and the total varied significantly among cultivars and there were significant differences resulting from leaf color (green versus red) and morphology (cut versus curled leaves) with red and curled leaf cultivars having higher BSL concentrations. The concentrations of lactucin, 8-deoxylactucin, and lactucopicrin ranged from 2.9 to 17.2, 2.8 to 17.1, and 8.8 to 36.1 μg·g−1 dry weight, respectively, with the total concentration ranging from 14.6 to 67.7 μg·g−1. Bitterness of the cultivars was assessed using a bitter activity value calculated using the concentration and bitterness threshold value for each BSL. Lactucopicrin was the primary contributor to bitterness as a result of its concentration and lower bitterness threshold; its relative proportion of the total bitterness activity value across all cultivars was over 72%. The concentration of individual BSLs differed with leaf location on the plant (i.e., basal, midstalk, and flower stalk). The concentrations in lactucin, 8-deoxylactucin, and lactucopicrin in flower stalk leaves were significantly higher (i.e., 2.9, 12.4, and 5.4 times, respectively) than in basal leaves, with the concentrations increasing acropetally. Genetic differences among cultivars and with leaf location on the plant contribute to the wide range in bitterness in lettuce.

13

Weng, Hui, Luanying He, Jiakun Zheng, Qing Li, Xiuping Liu, and Dongliang Wang. "Low Oral Bioavailability and Partial Gut Microbiotic and Phase II Metabolism of Brussels/Witloof Chicory Sesquiterpene Lactones in Healthy Humans." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 3675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123675.

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Free and glycosylated sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), which are abundant in leafy vegetables including Brussels/witloof chicory, possess health-promoting effects in vivo. However, the pharmacokinetics of dietary source of SLs remain largely unknown. In this open-label and single-dose trial, sixteen healthy volunteers consumed 150 g of Brussels/witloof chicory juice containing 48.77 μmol SLs in 5 min. Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected before and after chicory consumption in 24 h. No SLs were detected in the serum, urine, and fecal samples before chicory consumption in all of the participants. Chicory consumption increased lactucin, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, and their glucuronide/sulfate conjugates, rather than lactucopicrin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin, as well as glycosylated SLs in biological samples. The peak concentration of total SLs in serum reached 284.46 nmol/L at 1 h, while, in urine, this peak was 220.3 nmol between 2 and 6 h. The recovery of total SLs in blood, urine, and feces was 7.03%, 1.13%, and 43.76% of the ingested dose, respectively. Human fecal suspensions with intestinal microbiota degraded glycosylated SLs in chicory, and converted lactucopicrin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin to lactucin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, respectively. Collectively, Brussels/witloof chicory SLs are poorly bioavailable and they undergo partial gut microbial and phase II metabolism in humans.

14

Michalska, Klaudia, Katarzyna Pieron, and Anna Stojakowska. "Sesquiterpene Lactones and Phenolics from Roots of Leontodon hispidus subsp. hispidus." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 4 (April 2018): 1934578X1801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300403.

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The phytochemical investigation on roots of Leontodon hispidus L. subsp. hispidus, led to the isolation of nine sesquiterpene lactones including two eudesmanolides of santamarine type and three lactucin-like guaianolides together with four known phenolic compounds. The eudesmanolides – santamarine and 11 β,13-dihydrosantamarine, guaianolides – matricarin, deacetylmatricarin and deacetylmatricarin 8- O- β-glucopyranoside, and phenolics – syringaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone, syringin and dihydroconiferin were found for the first time in Leontodon.

15

Perez, R. M., C. Perez, M. A. Zavala, S. Perez, H. Hernandez, and F. Lagunes. "Hypoglycemic effects of lactucin-8-O-methylacrylate of Parmentiera edulis fruit." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 71, no. 3 (August 2000): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(99)00212-3.

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16

Deng, Yonghong, Lincoln Scott, Devin Swanson, John K. Snyder, Nil Sari, and Hanzade Dogan. "Guaianolide Sesquiterpene Lactones From Cichorium Intybus (Asteraceae) [1]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 787–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-0812.

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Ten guaianolides, including three previously unreported natural products, were isolated from the aerial parts of Cichorium intybus (Asteraceae), more commonly known as chicory. Two of the new compounds ( 8 and 9) were analogues of lactupicrin and 11/β,13-dihydrolactupicrin, respectively, with the C-15 oxidized to the aldehyde state. The third new natural product, which we have called mtybulide A (10), is an isomer of lactucin with the lactone closed to the C-8 oxygen rather than the C-6

17

Zidorn, Christian, Ernst-Peter Ellmerer, Werner Heller, Richard Greil, Manuela Guggenberger, Karl-Hans Ongania, and Hermann Stuppner. "A New Sesquiterpene Lactone Sulfate from Reichardia gaditana (Asteraceae)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0121.

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The new sesquiterpenoid 8-deoxy-15-(3′-hydroxy-2′-methyl-propanoyl)-lactucin 3′-sulfate (1) was isolated from the methanolic extract of roots of Reichardia gaditana L. The compound was isolated by silica gel column chromatography (CC) and repeated Sephadex LH-20 CC. Structure elucidation was accomplished by high-resolution mass spectrometry and by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. The chemosystematic significance of the new compound is discussed in the context of sesquiterpenoids from other members of the Lactuceae tribe of the Asteraceae family.

18

Zhou, Chang-Xin, Li Zou, Zong-Zheng Zhao, Hong Zhu, Qiao-Jun He, Bo Yang, and Li-She Gan. "Terpenoids from Cichorium intybus." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 8 (August 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700801.

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A new sesquiterpenoid, 1α,5α-epoxy-4α-hydroxyl-4β,10β-dimethyl-7αH,10αH-guaia-11(13)-en-12-oic acid (1), and four known compounds, lactucin (2), 1β-hydroxy-7αH,8,11βH-eudesm-3-en-8,12-olide (3), 13,14- seco-stigma 9(11),14(15)-dien-3α-ol (4), and bacosterol-3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) were isolated from Cichorium intybus L. Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed analysis of their 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. Compounds 2 and 4 showed strong activities against the A2780 cell line with IC50 values of 1.81 and 0.07 μM, respectively.

19

Bischoff, Theodore A., Charles J. Kelley, Yvette Karchesy, Maria Laurantos, Phuc Nguyen-Dinh, and Abdul Ghafoor Arefi. "Antimalarial activity of Lactucin and Lactucopicrin: sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Cichorium intybus L." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 95, no. 2-3 (December 2004): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.06.031.

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Anilakumar, K. R., S. N. Harsha, Mallesha ., and R. K. Sharma. "Lettuce: a promising leafy vegetable with functional properties." Defence Life Science Journal 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.2.11357.

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<em><span lang="EN-US">Lactuca sativa</span></em><span lang="EN-US"> (lettuce) belongs to Asteraceae family important leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. The lettuce is a food that should not lack in our meals, we should keep in mind that its low fat and carbohydrate contents and its high contents of water, it provides caloric power of only 13 Kcal /100gm are very appropriate for weight loss diets. It is rich in minerals, especially potassium that is very necessary to maintain appropriate levels of liquids in the body, together with calcium and phosphorus makes it especially for the correct well being of the bones. It contains selenium, an antioxidant that has a medicinal property in prevention of certain type of cancers, colon, prostrate and lungs. It contains many necessary amino acids for the formation of the proteins, alanine, and necessary for the construction of muscular and nervous tissues, glycine for the correct operation of immunological system. The most of therapeutic properties of this plant is due to sesquiterpene lactones- lactucin, lactucopicrin the most bioactive compound of <em>Lactuca sativa</em>. This review mainly focuses on the pharmacological action of the Lettuce and active constituents for the wide spectrum biological properties, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, neuroprotective and sedative properties etc. Since Lettuce has medicinal therapeutic potential its usage in dietary supplementation can be exploited. Lettuce has also acquired a folk reputation. More clinical studies are needed to further asses the efficiency and safety in therapeutic application</span>

21

Peters, Ngeline M., Nel Haagsma, and Aart Van Amerongen. "Monoclonal antibodies against the bitter sesquiterpene lactones, lactucin and lactucopicrin, from chicory(Cichorium intybusL.)." Food and Agricultural Immunology 8, no. 3 (September 1996): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540109609354913.

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22

Michalska, Klaudia, Edward Szneler, and Wanda Kisiel. "Complete NMR spectral assignments of two lactucin-type sesquiterpene lactone glycosides from Picris conyzoides." Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 49, no. 11 (October 17, 2011): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.2801.

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23

Sousa, Damião Sampaio de, Francisco Nithael Melo Lucio, Francisco Rogênio Mendes, Márcia Machado Marinho, and Gabrielle Silva Marinho. "EVALUATION OF THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY PROPERTIES OF THE NATURAL COMPOUNDS LACTUCIN AND LACTUCOPICRIN." Revista Eletrônica Multidisciplinar de Investigação Científica 2, no. 12 (November 24, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.56166/remici.2311v2n121982.

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Ruggieri, Francesca, Philippe Hance, Bruna Gioia, Alexandre Biela, Pascal Roussel, Jean-Louis Hilbert, and Nicolas Willand. "A Three-Step Process to Isolate Large Quantities of Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cichorium intybus L. Roots and Semisynthesis of Chicory STLs Standards." Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 5 (May 22, 2023): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16050771.

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Sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) are a large group of terpenoids most commonly found in plants of the Asteraceae family, e.g., in chicory plants, displaying a wide range of interesting biological activities. However, further studies on the biological potential of chicory-derived STLs and analogues are challenging as only four of these molecules are commercially available (as analytical standards), and to date, there are no published or patented simple extraction–purification processes capable of large-scale STLs isolation. In this work, we describe a novel three-step large-scale extraction and purification method for the simultaneous purification of 11,13-dihydrolactucin (DHLc) and lactucin (Lc) starting from a chicory genotype rich in these STLs and the corresponding glucosyl and oxalyl conjugated forms. After a small-scale screening on 100 mg of freeze-dried chicory root powder, the best results were achieved with a 17 h water maceration at 30 °C. With these conditions, we managed to increase the content of DHLc and Lc, at the same time favoring the hydrolysis of their conjugated forms. On a larger scale, the extraction of 750 g of freeze-dried chicory root powder, followed by a liquid–liquid extraction step and a reversed-phase chromatography, allowed the recovery of 642.3 ± 76.3 mg of DHLc and 175.3 ± 32.9 mg of Lc. The two pure STLs were subsequently used in the context of semisynthesis to generate analogues for biological evaluation as antibacterial agents. In addition, other described chicory STLs that are not commercially available were also synthesized or extracted to serve as analytical standards for the study. In particular, lactucin-oxalate and 11,13-dihydrolactucin-oxalate were synthesized in two steps starting from Lc and DHLc, respectively. On the other hand, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin-glucoside was obtained after a MeOH/H2O (70/30) extraction, followed by a liquid–liquid extraction step and a reversed-phase chromatography. Together, this work will help facilitate the evaluation of the biological potential of chicory-derived STLs and their semisynthetic analogues.

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Michalska, Klaudia, Alex Beharav, and Wanda Kisiel. "Chemotaxonomic Value of Magastigmane Glucosides of Cichorium calvum." Natural Product Communications 9, no. 3 (March 2014): 1934578X1400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1400900306.

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Morphological characters and molecular analyses of Cichorium calvum and C. pumilum do not allow clear discrimination between these closely related wild species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the secondary metabolites of C. calvum and to select chemical markers which are unique to this species. From roots of C. calvum, ten sesquiterpene lactones were isolated, including seven lactucin-type guaianolides reported earlier from C. pumilum. Aerial parts also afforded secondary metabolites common to both species, along with the megastigmane glucosides staphylionoside D, saussureoside B and komaroveside A. This is the first report of the occurrence of these norisoprenoids in Cichorium species and the second record of their isolation from plants. Therefore, chemical discrimination of C. calvum is possible on the basis of its norisoprenoid composition.

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Wang, Yue, Haitian Zhang, Yuanbo Zeng, Md Alomgir Hossen, Jianwu Dai, Suqing Li, Yaowen Liu, and Wen Qin. "Development and characterization of potato starch/lactucin/nano-TiO2 food packaging for sustained prevention of mealworms." Food Packaging and Shelf Life 33 (September 2022): 100837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100837.

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Khatoon, Shamshiya. "Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Unani traditional uses of Kasni (Cichorium intybus Linn.): A Review." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i6.6092.

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Kasni (Cichorium intybus Linn.) is highly praised in many traditional systems of medicine for medicinal properties of its leaves, seeds and roots. It is grown in Punjab, Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra. In traditional medicine, all parts of the plant are used as diuretic, laxative, antibilious, antipyretic, blood purification, appetizer and strengthen of the stomach. It is also used in the treatment of hepatic failure, jaundice, intermittent fever and mild states of chronic skin diseases. It contains glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, caffeic acid derivatives, inulin, lactucin, sonchuside A, cichoriolide. The scientific analysis of kasni demonstrates many of the activities mentioned in Unani literature. Nevertheless, further research is needed to identify the mechanism, active constituent, and usefulness of kasni in clinical practice. Given the encouraging results against neurological disorders in the prefaces, this aspect should be thoroughly investigated to make it a standard medicine. Keyword: Kasni; Hepatoprotective; Unani medicine; esculatin

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Thapliyal, Somesh, and Mohd Imtiyaz Ahmad. "Standardization of roots of Taraxacum officinale." Environment Conservation Journal 24, no. 2 (May 10, 2023): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22532562.

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Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) belongs to the Asteraceae family; an edible herb commonly found in subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. Traditionally dandelion is used in diarrhea, gout, jaundice, diabetes, pneumonia, urinary problems and to purify the blood. The phytochemical study of dandelion discovered the occurrence of β- sitosterol, stigmasterol, taraxsterol, lactucopicrin, lactucin, cichorin, taraxacoside, taraxacerin, campesterol, homotaraxasterol, etc. Anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of dandelion were studied. This plant has great therapeutic value and in order to overcome the problem of adulteration, the present study was aimed to standardize and preserve the quality parameters of the plant. Roots of Taraxacum officinale were subjected to measurements including macroscopy, microscopy, foreign organic content, ash value, extractive value, phytochemical screening, fluorescence analysis and chromatographic analysis. HPTLC analysis confirmed the presence of various phytocomponents. The macroscopic, microscopic and physico-chemical criteria presented here can help to identify the drug and to prepare the monograph.

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Jang, Ji Hoon, Cho-Young Park, Eon-Gi Sung, In-Hwan Song, Joo-Young Kim, Chuleui Jung, Ho-Yong Sohn, and Tae-Jin Lee. "Lactucin induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mediated BCL-2 and CFLARL downregulation in Caki-1 cells." Genes & Genomics 43, no. 10 (July 24, 2021): 1199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13258-021-01142-8.

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Moujir, Laila, Oliver Callies, Pedro M. C. Sousa, Farukh Sharopov, and Ana M. L. Seca. "Applications of Sesquiterpene Lactones: A Review of Some Potential Success Cases." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (April 25, 2020): 3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093001.

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Sesquiterpene lactones, a vast range of terpenoids isolated from Asteraceae species, exhibit a broad spectrum of biological effects and several of them are already commercially available, such as artemisinin. Here the most recent and impactful results of in vivo, preclinical and clinical studies involving a selection of ten sesquiterpene lactones (alantolactone, arglabin, costunolide, cynaropicrin, helenalin, inuviscolide, lactucin, parthenolide, thapsigargin and tomentosin) are presented and discussed, along with some of their derivatives. In the authors’ opinion, these compounds have been neglected compared to others, although they could be of great use in developing important new pharmaceutical products. The selected sesquiterpenes show promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, acting on various targets. Moreover, they exhibit antifungal, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antitrypanosomal activities. Several studies discussed here clearly show the potential that some of them have in combination therapy, as sensitizing agents to facilitate and enhance the action of drugs in clinical use. The derivatives show greater pharmacological value since they have better pharmacokinetics, stability, potency, and/or selectivity. All these natural terpenoids and their derivatives exhibit properties that invite further research by the scientific community.

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Jaśkiewicz, Andrzej, Grażyna Budryn, Miguel Carmena-Bargueño, and Horacio Pérez-Sánchez. "Evaluation of Activity of Sesquiterpene Lactones and Chicory Extracts as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Assayed in Calorimetric and Docking Simulation Studies." Nutrients 14, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 3633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14173633.

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The aim of the study was to explain the effects of sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) from chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) root extracts as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at the molecular level and to determine the inhibition of AChE activity by specific SLs (lactucin and lactucopicrin) and different chicory extracts. The obtained SLs-rich extracts were purified by the countercurrent partition chromatography (CPC) technique. AChE inhibitors were analyzed using two models: isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and docking simulation. The results of ITC analysis of the enzyme and the ligands’ complexation showed strong interactions of SLs as well as extracts from chicory with AChE. In a test of enzyme activity inhibition after introducing acetylcholine into the model system with SL, a stronger ability to inhibit the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter was observed for lactucopicrin, which is one of the dominant SLs in chicory. The inhibition of enzyme activity was more efficient in the case of extracts, containing different enzyme ligands, exhibiting complementary patterns of binding the AChE active site. The study showed the high potential of using chicory to decrease the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.

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García, Carlos J., David Beltrán, and Francisco A. Tomás‐Barberán. "Human Gut Microbiota Metabolism of Dietary Sesquiterpene Lactones: Untargeted Metabolomics Study of Lactucopicrin and Lactucin Conversion In Vitro and In Vivo." Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 64, no. 21 (October 7, 2020): 2000619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000619.

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TAECHOWISAN, THONGCHAI, THANAPORN CHUEN-IM, and WAYA S. PHUTDHAWONG. "Apoptotic Potential and Molecular Docking of 3,4-Dihydro-lactucin, a Compound With Anticancer Properties Derived fromMicrobispora roseaAL22." Anticancer Research 44, no. 3 (February 29, 2024): 1161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.16911.

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Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina, Alexandra Petrova, Gokhan Zengin, Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan, Vessela Balabanova, Olivier Joubert, Christian Zidorn, Yulian Voynikov, Rumyana Simeonova, and Reneta Gevrenova. "Metabolite profiling and bioactivity of Cicerbita alpina (L.) Wallr. (Asteraceae, Cichorieae)." Plants 12, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12051009.

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Cicerbita alpina (L.) Wallr. is a perennial herbaceous plant in the tribe Cichorieae (Lactuceae), Asteraceae family, distributed in the mountainous regions in Europe. In this study, we focused on the metabolite profiling and the bioactivity of C. alpina leaves and flowering heads methanol-aqueous extracts. The antioxidant activity of extracts, as well as inhibitory potential towards selected enzymes, involving in several human diseases, including metabolic syndrome (α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase), Alzheimer’s disease, (cholinesterases: AChE, BchE), hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase), and cytotoxicity were assessed. The workflow comprised ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography—high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). UHPLC-HRMS analysis revealed more than 100 secondary metabolites, including acylquinic, acyltartaric acids, flavonoids, bitter sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), such as lactucin, dihydrolactucin, their derivatives, and coumarins. Leaves showed a stronger antioxidant activity compared to flowering heads, as well as lipase (4.75 ± 0.21 mg OE/g), AchE (1.98 ± 0.02 mg GALAE/g), BchE (0.74 ± 0.06 mg GALAE/g), and tyrosinase (49.87 ± 3.19 mg KAE/g) inhibitory potential. Flowering heads showed the highest activity against α-glucosidase (1.05 ± 0.17 mmol ACAE/g) and α-amylase (0.47 ± 0.03). The obtained results highlighted C. alpina as a rich source of acylquinic, acyltartaric acids, flavonoids, and STLs with significant bioactivity, and therefore the taxon could be considered as a potential candidate for the development of health-promoting applications.

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Stassen, Joost H. M., Erik den Boer, Pim W. J. Vergeer, Annemiek Andel, Ursula Ellendorff, Koen Pelgrom, Mathieu Pel, et al. "Specific In Planta Recognition of Two GKLR Proteins of the Downy Mildew Bremia lactucae Revealed in a Large Effector Screen in Lettuce." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 26, no. 11 (November 2013): 1259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-13-0142-r.

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Breeding lettuce (Lactuca sativa) for resistance to the downy mildew pathogen Bremia lactucae is mainly achieved by introgression of dominant downy mildew resistance (Dm) genes. New Bremia races quickly render Dm genes ineffective, possibly by mutation of recognized host-translocated effectors or by suppression of effector-triggered immunity. We have previously identified 34 potential RXLR(-like) effector proteins of B. lactucae that were here tested for specific recognition within a collection of 129 B. lactucae-resistant Lactuca lines. Two effectors triggered a hypersensitive response: BLG01 in 52 lines, predominantly L. saligna, and BLG03 in two L. sativa lines containing Dm2 resistance. The N-terminal sequences of BLG01 and BLG03, containing the signal peptide and GKLR variant of the RXLR translocation motif, are not required for in planta recognition but function in effector delivery. The locus responsible for BLG01 recognition maps to the bottom of lettuce chromosome 9, whereas recognition of BLG03 maps in the RGC2 cluster on chromosome 2. Lactuca lines that recognize the BLG effectors are not resistant to Bremia isolate Bl:24 that expresses both BLG genes, suggesting that Bl:24 can suppress the triggered immune responses. In contrast, lettuce segregants displaying Dm2-mediated resistance to Bremia isolate Bl:5 are responsive to BLG03, suggesting that BLG03 is a candidate Avr2 protein.

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Farrara, Barry F., and Richard W. Michelmore. "Identification of New Sources of Resistance to Downy Mildew in Lactuca Spp." HortScience 22, no. 4 (August 1987): 647–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.4.647.

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Abstract More than 300 accessions of Lactuca spp. recently collected in the Mediterranean region and California were screened for resistance to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel). Accessions were evaluated in the seedling stage with two isolates of B. lactucae, which together have virulence to all known resistance factors. Four accessions demonstrated complete resistance to both isolates, indicating that new resistance was present. This resistance was confirmed using further isolates of B. lactucae. None of these lines, however, was resistant to all the isolates used.

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Sedlářová, M., A. Lebeda, P. Binarová, and L. Luhová. "Role of plant cell in host-pathogen interactions: Lactuca spp.-Bremia lactucae." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10539-pps.

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Reactions of Lactuca spp. genotypes with different mechanisms of compatibility/incompatibility to B. lactucae race NL16 were examined. Microscopical study revealed significance of initial stages of infection for establishment of the host-pathogen relation. Incompatibility to the pathogen race is mostly expressed as hypersensitive reaction (HR). Rearrangement of cytoskeleton can participate in blocking of fungus penetration in resistant genotypes as well as support development of fungal infection structures in susceptible ones. During infection process peroxidase is activated, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> released and phenolic compounds deposited. These defence processes well correspond with the expression of resistance. On the other hand, formation of callose attending pathogenesis is not directly related to incompatibility.

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Гринько, Н. Н. "Генетические ресурсы рода Lactuca L. ВИР – полиморфизм устойчивости к мучнистой росе (Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. f. lactucae Jacz.)." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 83, no. 1 (2022): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-03-2022-37.

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Установлен полиморфизм мировой коллекции генетических ресурсов салатов (Lactuca L.) ВИР по уровню устойчивости к мучнистой росе (Sphaerotheca fuliginea DC f. lactucae). Выделены генотипы, представляющие практическую ценность как исходный материал для селекционных программ на иммунитет и расширения сортимента продовольственной культуры в условиях Черноморского побережья Краснодарского края.

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Mieslerová, B., A. Lebeda, I. Petrželová, and P. Korbelová. "Incidence of lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) and powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum) in natural populations of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola)." Plant Protection Science 49, Special Issue (November 19, 2013): S24—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/51/2013-pps.

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The study was focused on the wild pathosystem Lactuca serriola–lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) and lettuce powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum). Observations were focused mainly on recording natural infection of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) by downy and powdery mildews in the East Bohemia and Moravia (the Czech Republic) in the May–September period of 2007–2011, and on the influence of environmental conditions on disease incidence. Only data for July and August were used for the detailed comparisons of occurrence of both pathogens, because intensity of disease in this period was the highest. Data were linked with the average monthly temperature and rainfall rate in the Czech Republic. G. cichoracearum prefers rather low levels of precipitation and temperatures around 20°C, therefore significantly higher incidence of this pathogen was recorded in August 2007. On the other hand in July 2009 and 2010, when the intensities of precipitation were higher, incidence of Bremia lactucae prevailed. In August 2010 and 2011 incidence of both pathogens were more or less similar at all locations. Our observations showed that climatic conditions influence the incidence and prevalence of both pathogens in weedy growing populations of Lactuca serriola.

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Гринько, Н. Н. "Вегетативная несовместимость и формирование VC–групп в популяциях гриба Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucum J.C. – возбудителя фузариоза генетических ресурсов рода Lactuca L. ВИР." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 99, no. 5 (2023): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-07-2023-303.

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Впервые проведена вегетативная гибридизация гетерогенных по паразитическим признакам морфотипов возбудителя фузариоза салатов (Lactuca sativa L.) – гриба Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucum J.C. Идентифицированы VC–группы и установлена корреляционная связь с патогенностью морфотипов. Доказано, что формирование локальных популяций паразита на Черноморском побережье Краснодарского края регламентировано системой вегетативной несовместимости

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Lebeda, A. "Specificity of Interactions Between Wild Lactuca spp. and Bremia lactucae Isolates from Lactuca serriola." Journal of Phytopathology 117, no. 1 (September 1986): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1986.tb04360.x.

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42

Petrzelova, I., and A. Lebeda. "Occurrence of Bremia lactucae in Natural Populations of Lactuca serriola." Journal of Phytopathology 152, no. 7 (August 2004): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2004.00859.x.

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Beharav, Alex, Dalia Lewinsohn, Aleš Lebeda, and Eviatar Nevo. "New Wild Lactuca Genetic Resources with Resistance Against Bremia lactucae." Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53, no. 3 (June 21, 2005): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-1932-7.

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44

Fatemi, Samira, Danny Haelewaters, Hector Urbina, Samuel Brown, Makenna L. Houston, and M. Catherine Aime. "Sporobolomyces lactucae sp. nov. (Pucciniomycotina, Microbotryomycetes, Sporidiobolales): An Abundant Component of Romaine Lettuce Phylloplanes." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8030302.

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Shifts in food microbiomes may impact the establishment of human pathogens, such as virulent lineages of Escherichia coli, and thus are important to investigate. Foods that are often consumed raw, such as lettuce, are particularly susceptible to such outbreaks. We have previously found that an undescribed Sporobolomyces yeast is an abundant component of the mycobiome of commercial romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Here, we formally describe this species as Sporobolomyces lactucae sp. nov. (Pucciniomycotina, Microbotryomycetes, and Sporidiobolales). We isolated multiple strains of this yeast from commercial romaine lettuce purchased from supermarkets in Illinois and Indiana; additional isolates were obtained from various plant phylloplanes in California. S. lactucae is a red-pigmented species that is similar in appearance to other members of the genus Sporobolomyces. However, it can be differentiated by its ability to assimilate glucuronate and D-glucosamine. Gene genealogical concordance supports S. lactucae as a new species. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-locus dataset, comprising the internal transcribed spacer and large ribosomal subunit D1/D2 domain of the ribosomal RNA gene, translation elongation factor 1-α, and cytochrome B, places S. lactucae as a sister to the S. roseus clade. Sporobolomyces lactucae is one of the most common fungi in the lettuce microbiome.

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Pasquali, Matias, Flavia Dematheis, Maria Lodovica Gullino, and Angelo Garibaldi. "Identification of Race 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae on Lettuce by Inter-Retrotransposon Sequence-Characterized Amplified Region Technique." Phytopathology® 97, no. 8 (August 2007): 987–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-8-0987.

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Fusarium wilt of lettuce, caused worldwide by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, is an emerging seed-transmitted disease on Lactuca sativa. In order to develop a molecular diagnostic tool for identifying race 1 (VCG0300) of the pathogen on vegetable samples, an effective technique is presented. Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a technique based on the amplification of genomic regions between long terminal repeats, was applied. It was shown to be useful for grouping F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae race 1 isolates. Inter-retrotransposon sequence-characterized amplified regions (IR-SCAR) was used to develop a specific set of PCR primers to be utilized for differentiating F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae isolates from other F. oxysporum isolates. The specific primers were able to uniquely amplify fungal genomic DNA from race 1 isolates obtained in Italy, Portugal, the United States, Japan, and Taiwan. The primers also were specific to pathogen DNA obtained from artificially infected lettuce seed and naturally and artificially infected plants.

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Гринько, Н. Н. "Антоциан–пигментированные геноресурсы Lactuca sativa L. ВИР: источники групповой устойчивости к фитопатогенам." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 70, no. 1 (2021): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-02-2021-24.

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Immunological screening of anthocyanin-pigmented lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) from the world collection of VIR identified genotypes with group resistance to economically significant diseases: yellow mosaic (potivirus Lettuce mosaic virus), fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucum J. C. Hubb. & Gerik), gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.) and anthracnose (Marssonina pannatoniana (Berl.) Magn.) in the conditions of the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar region.

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Гринько, Н. Н. "Генетические ресурсы рода Lactuca L. ВИР – взаимосвязь фенотипических признаков с групповой устойчивостью к антракнозу (Microdochium panattonianum) и мучнистой росе (Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. f. lactucae)." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 86, no. 2 (2022): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-06-2022-83.

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Доказана сопряженность фенотипических признаков с групповой устойчивостью к возбудителям антракноза (Microdochium panattonianum (Berl.) B. Sutton, Galea & T.V. Price (1986) и мучнистой росы (Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. f. lactucae Jacz.) в генетических ресурсах рода Lactuca L. ВИР. Выделены генотипы с хозяйственно ценными качествами, представляющие практический интерес для расширения сортимента продовольственной культуры салатов, и создания новых высокоурожайных с устойчивостью к болезням сортов в условиях Черноморского побережья Краснодарского края.

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Rooney, Alejandro P., Christopher A. Dunlap, and Lina B. Flor-Weiler. "Acinetobacter lactucae sp. nov., isolated from iceberg lettuce (Asteraceae: Lactuca sativa)." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 66, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 3566–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.001234.

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Lebeda, Aleš, and Ida Blok. "Sexual compatibility types of Bremia lactucae isolates originating from Lactuca serriola." Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 96, no. 1 (January 1990): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01976607.

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Bonnier, F. J. M., K. Reinink, and R. Groenwold. "New sources of major gene resistance in Lactuca to Bremia lactucae." Euphytica 61, no. 3 (June 1991): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00039659.

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