Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lactucin

Academic literature on the topic 'Lactucin'

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Published: 7 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Lactucin":

1

Wang, Xin, Min Liu, Guo He Cai, Yan Chen, Xiao Chen Shi, Cong Cong Zhang, Bo Xia, et al. "A Potential Nutraceutical Candidate Lactucin Inhibits Adipogenesis through Downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Mitotic Clonal Expansion." Cells 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020331.

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The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide in the past ~50 years. Searching for safe and effective anti-obesity strategies are urgently needed. Lactucin, a plant-derived natural small molecule, is known for anti-malaria and anti-hyperalgesia. The study is to investigate whether lactucin plays a key role in adipogenesis. To this end, in vivo male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were treated with 20 mg/kg/day of lactucin or vehicle by gavage for seven weeks. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, Lactucin-treated mice showed lower body mass and mass of adipose tissue. Consistently, in vitro 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 20 μM of lactucin. Compared to controls, lactucin-treated cells showed significantly less lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation and lower levels of lipid synthesis markers. Mechanistically, we showed the anti-adipogenic property of lactucin was largely limited to the early stage of adipogenesis. Lactucin-treated cells fail to undergo mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). Further studies demonstrate that lactucin-induced MCE arrests might result from reduced phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. We then asked whether activation of JAK2/STAT3 would restore the inhibitory effect of lactucin on adipogenesis with pharmacological STAT3 activator colivelin. Our results revealed similar levels of lipid accumulation between lactucin-treated cells and controls in the presence of colivelin, indicating that inactivation of STAT3 is the limiting factor for the anti-adipogenesis of lactucin in these cells. Together, our results provide the indication that lactucin exerts an anti-adipogenesis effect, which may open new therapeutic options for obesity.
2

Imam, Khandaker Md Sharif Uddin, Yu Tian, Fengjiao Xin, Yingying Xie, and Boting Wen. "Lactucin, A Bitter Sesquiterpene from Cichorium intybus, Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation by Downregulating the MAPK and Central Carbon Metabolism Pathway." Molecules 27, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 7358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217358.

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Lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma, is the second most occurring and highest fatality-causing cancer worldwide. Many natural anticancer compounds, such as sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), show promising anticancer properties. Herein, we examined Lactucin, an SL from the plant Cichorium intybus, for its cytotoxicity, apoptotic-inducing, cell cycle inhibiting capacity, and associated protein expression. We also constructed a biotinylated Lactucin probe to isolate interacting proteins and identified them. We found that Lactucin stops the proliferation of A549 and H2347 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines while not affecting normal lung cell MRC5. It also significantly inhibits the cell cycle at G0/G1 stage and induces apoptosis. The western blot analysis shows that Lactucin downregulates the MAPK pathway, cyclin, and cyclin-dependent kinases, inhibiting DNA repair while upregulating p53, p21, Bax, PTEN, and downregulation of Bcl-2. An increased p53 in response to DNA damage upregulates p21, Bax, and PTEN. In an activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) analysis of A549 cell’s protein lysate using a biotinylated Lactucin probe, we found that Lactucin binds PGM, PKM, and LDHA PDH, four critical enzymes in central carbon metabolism in cancer cells, limiting cancer cells in its growth; thus, Lactucin inhibits cancer cell proliferation by downregulating the MAPK and the Central Carbon Metabolism pathway.
3

Ko, Heejin, Yu Jin Shon, Wonchul Lim, Tae-Gyu Nam, Wook Chul Kim, Nam Hee Kim, and Tae-Gyu Lim. "The Antimelanogenic Activity of the Extract of Heukharang Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Leaf." Journal of Food Biochemistry 2024 (February 2, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/6668222.

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Heukharang (Lactuca sativa L.), the artificially developed lettuce cultivar for enhancement of lactucin content, exhibits antioxidant activities and sleep-promoting effects. However, potential of Heukharang as a raw material for the skin-whitening agent has not been investigated yet. This study evaluated the effects of Heukharang extract (HHE) on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo models. Our findings revealed that HHE (25–100 μg/mL) effectively inhibited α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis in both 2D and 3D cell culture environments without compromising the viability of the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line. Furthermore, HHE suppressed intracellular tyrosinase activity, along with both gene and protein expression of tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2. HHE downregulated the mRNA level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein. The antimelanogenic activity of HHE (50 and 100 μg/mL) was also confirmed using a zebrafish embryo model, highlighting its efficacy in inhibiting α-MSH-induced melanogenesis through the downregulating CREB/MITF/TYR signaling pathways. Moreover, our study demonstrated that a corresponding amount of lactucin (5–20 μM) to the HHE inhibited and regulated melanogenesis. These results collectively suggest that HHE, enriched with lactucin, holds promise as a potential skin-whitening agent for nutricosmetic industries.
4

Zhang, Fu-Hua, Yu-Ling Yan, Ying Wang, and Zhen Liu. "Lactucin induces potent anti-cancer effects in HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and sub-G1 cell cycle arrest." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 11, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i2.26729.

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<p class="Abstract">The main purpose of the present study was to examine the antitumor and apoptotic effects of lactucin in HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells. MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effects of lactucin while as phase contrast, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to evaluate the apoptotic effects of lactucin in these cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess the effects of lactucin on cell cycle phase distribution. The results indicate that lactucin induced potent, time– and dose-dependent antitumor effects. The microscopic techniques showed that lactucin induced characteristic features of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, appearance of vacuoles, swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Viable cells are stained green, early apoptotic cells are stained yellow, while as late apoptotic cells are stained reddish orange. Flow cytometry revealed that lactucin induced sub-G1 cell cycle arrest.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clips</strong></p><p class="Abstract">Phase contrast microscopy: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/xrTjOVvlTxQ">1</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/GxuMkGnkpSE">2</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/SfmdL2-O45Y">3</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/7vbJ9HMRTHU">4</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/u4aLzmlXF8s">5</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/ucl8DjPeV9c">6</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/uI932TJVfFY">7</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/5sMlUKbKMhc">8</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/-tx20gFHYnc">9</a></p><p> </p>
5

Ilgün, Selen, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Mert Ilhan, Derya Çiçek Polat, Ayse Baldemir Kılıç, Maksut Coşkun, and Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez. "Sedative Effects of Latexes Obtained from Some Lactuca L. Species Growing in Turkey." Molecules 25, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071587.

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Lactuca L. species belong to the Asteraceae family and these plants are traditionally used for therapeutic purposes around the world. The dried milky latex of L. serriola is known as “lettuce oil” and is used as a sedative in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the sedative effects and analyze the chemical compositions of latexes obtained from some Lactuca species growing in Turkey. The sedative effects were evaluated through various behavioral tests on mice. For this purpose, latexes were obtained from L. glareosa Boiss., L. viminea (L.) J. Presl and C. P, L. mulgedioides (Vis and Panćić) Boiss. and Kotschy ex. Boiss., L. saligna L., and L. serriola L. The latex from L. saligna showed the highest sedative effects, whilst L. serriola and L. viminea latexes also displayed significant sedative effects compared to the control group at a dose of 100 mg/kg. However, the latexes from L. glareosa and L. mulqedioides did not exhibit any sedative effects on mice. Characteristic sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin, lactucopicrin, 11,13β-dihydrolactucin, and 11,13β-dihydrolactucopicrin) were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactucin was identified as the main component.
6

Kisiel, Wanda, and Klaudia Michalska. "Root Constituents of Cichorium pumilum and Rearrangements of Some Lactucin-like Guaianolides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 58, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2003): 789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-11-1206.

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Abstract Two eudesmanolides, eight lactucin-like guaianolides and five phenolic compounds were isolated for the first time from roots of Cichorium pumilum, along with two previously reported eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactones. Rearrangements of some lactucin-like guaianolides during isolation procedures were also discussed.
7

Kisiel, Wanda, and Klaudia Michalska. "Root constituents of Lactuca sibirica and a comparison of metabolite profiles of L. sibirica and L. tatarica." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 78, no. 1 (2011): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2009.004.

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Nine known sesquiterpene lactones, including four lactucin-type guaianolides, four costuslactone-type guaianolides and one germacranolide, were isolated from roots of <em>Lactuca sibirica</em> (<em>Asteraceae</em>), six of which were glycoside derivatives. The chemosystematic significance of the compounds is discussed in the context of sesquiterpenoids present in roots of the closely related species <em>Lactuca tatarica</em>. A comparison of sesquiterpene lactone profiles indicate that the species can be differentiated on the basis of their germacranolide glycoside compositions.
8

Wesołowska, A., A. Nikiforuk, K. Michalska, W. Kisiel, and E. Chojnacka-Wójcik. "Analgesic and sedative activities of lactucin and some lactucin-like guaianolides in mice." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 107, no. 2 (September 2006): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.003.

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9

Peters, Angeline M., and Aart van Amerongen. "Relationship between Levels of Sesquiterpene Lactones in Chicory and Sensory Evaluation." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 2 (March 1998): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.2.326.

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In this pilot study, we investigated the relationship between levels of bitter sesquiterpene lactones and sensory evaluation of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). The levels of two bitter sesquiterpene lactones—lactucopicrin and lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones—were measured by ELISA in raw and cooked chicory samples from several cultivars. Data were compared with the results of a sensory evaluation on the flavor attributes bitterness, typical chicory flavor, and total flavor intensity of identical chicory samples. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the levels of lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones were significantly related to bitterness (P = 0.006) and total flavor intensity (P = 0.03) attributes in raw chicory samples. When cooked chicory samples were evaluated, the levels of lactucin-like sesquiterpene lactones were significantly related to bitterness (P = 0.002), typical chicory flavor (P < 0.001), and total flavor intensity (P = 0.009) attributes, while lactucopicrin levels were related to bitterness (P = 0.002) only. These results show that the ELISA can be useful to predict flavor attributes in chicory.
10

Qi, S. "Biosynthetic studies of lactucin derivatives in hairy root cultures of lactuca floridana." Phytochemistry 40, no. 6 (December 1995): 1659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00478-p.

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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lactucin":

1

Mesquita, Paulo Goes. "Biologia, epidemiologia e controle do míldio (Bremia lactucae) da alface (Lactuca sativa) em viveiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/5572.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Fitopatologia, 2008.
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Sintomas e sinais do míldio foram observados e coletados em plantas de alface (Lactuca sativa) no Distrito Federal. Foi observado o estágio assexual do patógeno (Bremia lactucae). Descrições detalhadas, com observações morfológicas e medidas morfométricas de microscopia óptica do estágio assexual foram realizadas. A patogenicidade do míldio proveniente do Núcleo Rural da Vargem Bonita e seu período de latência, em quatro diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento de cultivares comerciais de alface foram estudados por inoculação artificial em ensaios realizados na Estação Biológica da Universidade de Brasília. Quando observado o “ranking” de suscetibilidade das cultivares nos quatro diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento para o período de latência, observou-se diferentes níveis de resistência entre as cultivares. Além disso, observou-se que a resistência parece aumentar com o desenvolvimento fenológico do hospedeiro. O “ranking” relativo das cultivares não foi afetadopelo estádio de desenvolvimento. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Symptoms and signs of downy mildew were observed and collected in lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa) in Distrito Federal, Brazil. Only the asexual stage of the pathogen (Bremia lactucae) was observed. Detailed descriptions, including fungal morphology and morphometrics were performed with light microscopy. The pathogenicity of downy mildew, collected in Núcleo Rural da Vargem Bonita, as well as it latent period in four phenological stages of lettuce commercial cultivars were studied by artificial inoculation in experiments conducted at Biological Station of University of Brasilia - UnB. Latent period was useful to separate cultivars by resistance level. In addition, results indicated that genetic resistance to downy mildew in lettuce seems to increase with plant development. The relative ranking of susceptibility among cultivars remained constant in all four phenological stages.
2

Matheron, Michael E. "Biology and management of Fusarium wilt of lettuce." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/575876.

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3 pp.
This publication provides information on the development and management of Fusarium wilt of lettuce. Topics covered include the characteristics of the plant pathogen, disease development, and disease management considerations.
3

Caldeira, Cláudia Alexandra Oliveira Lopes. "Detecção molecular de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, agente causal da podridão branca em alface (Lactuca sativa L.) pela reacção em cadeia de polimerase (PCR)." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15180.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Neste trabalho estabeleceu-se um teste molecular, rápido e fácil, para detectar Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, responsável pela doença da podridão branca da alface, em folhas assintomáticas. Desenharam-se primers específicos (SSM) para ampliar sequências parciais da região ITS de S. sclerotiorum, e utilizaram-se em reacções de PCR com alfaces infectadas. A análise das sequências obtidas indicou homologia significativa com sequências de S. sclerotiorum já conhecidas. Usaram-se os primers SSM com alfaces infectadas com Bremia lactucae e Botrytis cinerea verificando-se que apenas ampliavam fragmentos nas amostras com B. cinerea. A sequenciação destes fragmentos sugeriu a presença de sequências parciais de B. cinerea e também de Alternaria sp., além de S. sclerotiorum. Os fragmentos de S. sclerotiorum e Alternaria sp., com tamanho semelhante, poderão distinguir-se pela digestão dos produtos de PCR com RsaI. Alguns isolados de B. cinerea poderão ser discriminados com HindIII, mas não todos, já que outros apresentam sequências idênticas às identificadas em S. sclerotiorum. Estabeleceu-se uma reacção de PCR multiplex conjugando os primers SSM com os primers Br, específicos para ampliar sequências parciais da região ITS de B. lactucae, para detectar simultaneamente os patogénios referidos. A posterior digestão enzimática com RsaI e HindIII permite discriminar alguns daqueles patogénios
N/A
4

Rocha, Ronicely Pereira da. "Manejo da podridão de Sclerotinia (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) e Míldio (Bremia lactucae) na cultura de alface." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2007. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2216.

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Lettuce is the highest consumed vegetable in Brazil. It can however be severely affected by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotinia minor and Bremia lactucae; diseases considered to be ground and aerial part, respectively. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of different mulches, fungicides and one foliar fertilizer on the incidence of lettuce drop and severity of downy mildew in crisp type lettuce cultivars. Two experiments were carried out on the Fazenda Escola Capão da Onça, within the Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, during the summer and winter season, with natural conditions of fungus infection. The experimental design was a completty randomized blocks with treatments arranged in split plots. This involved the combination of 3 types of mulches as black polypropylene, oats straw and bare ground. It also included two cultivars of crisp type lettuce Vera and Isabela. And four methods of control were used: 3 fungicides, metalaxyl + chlorothalonil, fenamidone and procimidone, a foliar fertilizer (Hortifós PK), and a control. For each treatment four repetitions were performed. The doses of each product applicateded were: metalaxyl + chlorothalonil 100 g a.i/100 L H2O, fenamidone 15 g a.i/100 L H2O, procimidone 75 g a.i/100 L H2O and foliar fertilizer 135 dosage of 135 g P2O5 + 100 g K2O/100 L H2O in the first application after seedling transplanting. In the subsequent applications were added 67.5 g P2O5 and 67.5 g K2O/100 L H2O and then continued until a maximum of 405 g P2O5 + 405 g K2O/100 L H2O was reached. This occurred in the fifth spraying, and this dosage remained until crop harvest. The first spray was performed at transplanting with subsequent applications occurring at intervals of 7 days. The incidence of lettuce drop was evaluated during the rosette phase and at the time of harvest, in 24 plants per parcel. The severity and the percentage of leaves with downy mildew symptoms and the plant fresh weight and biomass were evaluated in 8 plants per parcel at the time of harvest. Harvest occurred 45 and 57 days after the transplanting, for the summer and winter season experiments, respectively. For both seasons the incidence of lettuce drop was higher in the harvest phase than the phase of rosette. Covering with oat straw and black polypropylene reduced the lettuce drop in the summer season. Black polypropylene also reduced the percentage of leaves with downy mildew symptoms. The fungicide procymidone provided the best control of lettuce drop, while metalaxyl + chlorothalonil and foliar fertilizer showed better control of downy mildew. The Vera cultivar was revealed to be more susceptible to lettuce drop and downy mildew, however, it presented greater plant fresh weight and biomass than Isabela cultivar in the summer season. Keywords: ground covering, methods of control, Lactuca sativa L, Bremia lactucae and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
A alface é a hortaliça folhosa mais consumida pelos brasileiros. O seu cultivo é severamente afetado pelos fungos Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotinia minor, e Bremia lactucae, doenças consideradas de solo e parte aérea, respectivamente. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de coberturas de solo, diferentes fungicidas e um fertilizante foliar sobre a incidência da podridão de Sclerotinia e sobre a severidade do míldio em cultivares de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) tipo crespa, foram realizado dois experimentos na Fazenda Escola Capão da Onça pertencente a Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa no município de Ponta Grossa, PR nas estações de verão e inverno em condições naturais de infecção. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, onde os tratamentos foram arranjados em parcela sub-subdivididas, provenientes da combinação de 3 sistemas de cultivo (polipropileno preto, palhada de aveia e solo nú), duas cultivares de alface tipo crespa (Vera e Isabela) e 4 metódos de controle (3 fungicidas – metalaxyl + chlorothalonil, fenamidone e procimidone; um fertilizante foliar - Hortifós PK) além da testemunha, com 4 repetições. As doses de cada produto foram: metalaxyl + chlorothalonil 100 g i.a./100 L H2O, fenamidone 15 g i.a./100 L H2O, procimidone 75 g i.a./100 L H2O e fertilizante foliar na dosagem de 135 g P205 + 135 g K2O/100 L H2O na primeira aplicação, logo após o transplantio das mudas. Nas aplicações seguintes foram adicionados 67,5 g P205 e 67,5 g K2O/100 L H2O até que se atingisse o máximo de 405 g P205 + 405 g K2O/100 L H2O, o que aconteceu na quinta pulverização, permanecendo com essa dosagem até a colheita. As aplicações tiveram início no transplantio das mudas e as subseqüentes em intervalos de 7 dias. Avaliou-se incidência de podridão de Sclerotinia na fase de roseta e no momento da colheita da cultura da alface em 24 plantas/parcela, severidade e porcentagem de folhas com sintomas de míldio, massa fresca e biomassa em 8 plantas/parcela. A colheita foi realizada 45 e 57 dias após o transplantio, para o experimento conduzido na estação de verão e inverno, respectivamente. A incidência de podridão de Sclerotinia foi maior na fase de colheita quando comparada com a fase de roseta para ambas estações. A palha de aveia e polipropileno preto reduziram a podridão de Sclerotinia na estação de verão, sendo que esta última cobertura de solo também proporcionou redução da porcentagem do número de folhas com sintomas de míldio. O fungicida procimidone proporcionou o melhor controle da podridão de Sclerotinia e os produtos metalaxyl + chlorothalonil e o fertilizante foliar foram os que melhor controlaram o míldio. A variedade Vera mostrou-se mais suscetível a podridão de Sclerotinia e ao míldio, entretanto, apresentou maior massa fresca e biomassa que a variadade Isabela na estação de verão.
5

Valade, Romain. "Potentiel évolutif et adaptation des populations de l'agent du mildiou de la laitue, Bremia lactucae, face aux pressions de sélection de la plante hôte, Lactuca sativa." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769939.

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Des nouvelles résistances aux agents pathogènes introgressées dans les plantes cultivées sont fréquemment contournées dans différents pathosystèmes, engendrant des épidémies et des pertes économiques. En conséquence, la compréhension des stratégies évolutives impliquées dans l'adaptation des populations pathogènes est nécessaire pour améliorer la gestion durable des résistances. Bremia lactucae, agent pathogène de la laitue est un organisme diploïde, hétérothallique avec des cycles de reproduction sexuée et asexuée. Cet oomycète est soumis aux fortes pressions de sélection exercées par des gènes de résistance de la plante hôte. Sous cette pression de sélection, les populations de B. lactucae ont montré une rapide adaptation aux résistances hôtes qui se sont donc avérées peu durables. L'étude de la structure génétique d'un agent pathogène peut permettre de comprendre les mécanismes évolutifs impliqués dans le contournement des résistances variétales. Ainsi, une étude de la structure génétique (neutre et potentiellement soumise à sélection) des populations de B. lactucae en France a été conduite afin d'identifier les forces évolutives impliquées dans le contournement des résistances de l'hôte et de déterminer l'influence des pressions de sélection des gènes de résistance de la plante hôte sur cette structure. J'ai validé 12 microsatellites, marqueurs moléculaires neutres, pour analyser la structure génétique de B. lactucae en France. Plus de 800 isolats ont été prélevés dans les plus importants bassins de production de la plante hôte, Lactuca sativa. Ces isolats ont été prélevés sur différentes variétés regroupées selon leur combinaison de gènes de résistance. Par ailleurs, une prospection dans le compartiment sauvage a permis d'échantillonner des isolats de B. lactucae sur la plante hôte adventice L. serriola. Le polymorphisme de plusieurs effecteurs candidats à motif RxLR, a été étudié dans différentes populations de Bremia. La faible diversité génétique et l'excès d'hétérozygotie observés sont en faveur d'une reproduction clonale mais de rares évènements de reproduction sexuée sont également suggérés par les résultats. Par ailleurs, la faible différenciation génétique entre populations suggère des flux de gènes importants à l'échelle des régions. Des flux de gènes ont également été mis en évidence entre le pathosystème du compartiment sauvage et le pathosystème du compartiment cultivé évoquant un possible rôle de réservoir génétique des plantes hôtes adventices. Une structuration des populations en plusieurs lignées clonales résultant de la pression de sélection des gènes de résistance des cultivars est également indiquée par l'analyse des résultats des marqueurs neutres et sélectionnés. La caractérisation de la structure des populations de B. lactucae nous permet de mettre en évidence le fort potentiel évolutif (flux de gènes importants, système de reproduction mixe, sélection de mutants et de migrants par les gènes de résistance) de B. lactucae expliquant la rapide adaptation aux résistances hôtes. Ainsi, nous pouvons suggérer des pistes de gestion des gènes de résistance comme favoriser l'utilisation de résistances quantitatives et l'utilisation de cultures d'association afin d'améliorer la durabilité des résistances.
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Ruggieri, Francesca. "Putting nature back into drug discovery : selection, design and synthesis of bioinspired chemical libraries for the discovery of new antibacterials." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS013.

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Les produits naturels (PNs) ont perdu en popularité depuis l'introduction des petites molécules synthétiques il y a plusieurs années. De nombreuses raisons expliquent ce choix, telles que les difficultés d'accès et d'approvisionnement, la complexité de la chimie des PNs et l'avènement de la chimie combinatoire. Cependant, les PNs offrent de nombreuses propriétés intéressantes par rapport aux molécules synthétiques conventionnelles, ce qui leur confère à la fois des avantages et des inconvénients dans le contexte de la recherche de principes actifs. En général, les PNs se caractérisent par un plus grand nombre de carbones sp3 et de centres stéréogènes, une grande diversité de squelettes et une grande complexité structurelle. La moitié des médicaments approuvés par la FDA depuis 1994 étant des PNs ou des dérivés hémisynthétiques, et étant donnée la récente stagnation de la recherche et du développement de nouveaux médicaments, il devient de plus en plus évident que les produits naturels doivent être utilisés dans le processus de découverte de médicaments en tant que source d'inspiration.Par conséquent, de nombreuses stratégies émergent aujourd'hui pour la construction de chimiothèques inspirées par la nature, selon les stratégies "top-down" et "bottom-up". Dans les approches "bottom-up", la complexité est créée à partir de réactifs simples. En revanche, les approches "top-down" consistent à apporter des modifications structurelles à un produit naturel déjà complexe.Le travail présenté décrit deux approches différentes pour enrichir la chimiothèque de notre unité de recherche avec des composés dérivés de PNs. Une stratégie hémisynthétique "top-down" a été planifiée pour obtenir des dérivés de la lactucine et de la 11β,13-dihydrolactucine, deux lactones sesquiterpéniques extraites des racines de chicorée. 36 dérivés esters ont été synthétisés en trois étapes (synthèse classique), ainsi que deux bibliothèques de dérivés aminés (en utilisant la synthèse parallèle). Tous les composés ont ensuite été testés contre Mycobacterium tuberculosis et certaines molécules ont montré des activités prometteuses (CMI < 1,2 µM).D'autre part, une stratégie "bottom-up" a permis la synthèse de deux analogues de l'antibiotique naturel hygromycine A. Pour cette approche nous sommes partis de réactifs simples disponibles dans le commerce et avons appliqué une stratégie de déaromatisation dans le processus de synthèse.L'ensemble de ces travaux nous a permis d'explorer un espace chimique plus large, d'accroître la diversité structurelle de notre chimiothèque et de découvrir de nouveaux "hits". Nous pourrons également ainsi identifier de nouvelles cibles antibactériennes
Natural products (NPs) have declined in popularity since the introduction of synthetic small molecules several years ago. Many are the reasons behind this choice, such as difficulties in access and supply, complexities of NP chemistry and the advent of combinatorial chemistry. However, NPs offer many interesting properties compared to conventional synthetic molecules, which confer both advantages and challenges for the drug discovery process. Usually, NPs are characterized by a higher number of sp3 carbons and stereogenic centres, large scaffold diversity and structural complexity. With half of the drugs approved by the FDA since 1994 being NPs or hemisynthetic derivatives and the recent stagnation in new drug research and development, it is becoming more and more evident that NPs should be reintroduced in the drug discovery process as a source of inspiration.Therefore, many strategies are now emerging for the construction of nature-inspired chemical libraries, such as “top-down” and “bottom-up” strategies. In “bottom-up” approaches, complexity is created starting from simple building blocks. On the other hand, “top-down” approaches are assumed to make structural modifications to an already complex NP.Our presented work describes two different approaches to enrich the chemical library of our research unit with NP-derived compounds. A “top-down” semisynthetic strategy was planned to obtain derivatives of lactucin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, two sesquiterpene lactones extracted from chicory roots. Thirty-six ester derivatives were synthesized in three steps (classical synthesis), together with two amine derivative libraries (using parallel synthesis). All the compounds were then tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some promising hits were found (MICGFP < 1.2 μM). On the other hand, a “bottom-up” strategy allowed the synthesis of two analogues of the known natural antibiotic hygromycin A. This approach started from simple commercially available building blocks and employed a dearomatization strategy in the synthetic process.Together, we explored a broader chemical space, increased the structural diversity of our chemical library and discovered new potential antibacterial hits. Moreover, this work paves the way for the discovery of new antibacterial targets
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NEVES, Ana Paula Morais. "Viabilidade agroeconômica da alface (Lactuca sativa L.)." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/818.

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-27T13:22:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA PAULA MORAIS NEVES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2017..pdf: 735461 bytes, checksum: c320ee1307d508a5d5811325882d133c (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-27T13:22:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA PAULA MORAIS NEVES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2017..pdf: 735461 bytes, checksum: c320ee1307d508a5d5811325882d133c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-29
Uso de leguminosas como adubo verde é uma prática bastante consolidada, pelo fato de estar adicionando ao solo material vegetal rico em nitrogênio. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, no distrito de Alagoinha, zona rural de Mossoró-RN no período de agosto de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, com o objetivo de avaliar a Presença e ausência do feijão mungo sob doses de esterco bovino na viabilidade agroeconômica da alface. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos completos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído das doses de esterco bovino (1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 kg m-2 de canteiro) e o segundo fator foi constituído pela presença e ausência do adubo verde (feijão mungo). A cultivar da alface utilizada foi a “Regina”. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: altura de planta, número de folhas planta-1, diâmetro da cabeça, produção de alface e massa seca de alface. Foram determinados alguns indicadores econômicos tais como: custo de produção, renda bruta, renda líquida, taxa de retorno e índice de lucratividade dos dois cultivos. Não houve interação entre os fatores-tratamentos para as características de produção, com produção de alface de 87,8 kg/100 m2. Houve diferença estatística no fator presença e ausência do feijão mungo com valores médios de 81,4 e 67 kg/100 m2 de alface, respectivamente. A maior eficiência econômica no cultivo da alface se deu na presença do feijão mungo na quantidade de 3,0 kg m-2, com renda bruta de 3343,75, renda líquida de 1582,40, taxa de retorno de 1,90 e índice de lucratividade de 43,42%. A utilização de feijão mungo no cultivo da alface constitui-se em uma opção viável para ser utilizado pelo agricultor.
The use of legumes as green manure is a well-established practice, because it is adding nitrogen-rich plant material to the soil. The experiment was conducted at the Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, in the district of Alagoinha, rural area of Mossoró-RN, from August 2015 to January 2016, with the objective of evaluating the Presence and absence of mung bean under doses of bovine manure in the agroeconomic viability of lettuce. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with treatments arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor consisted of bovine manure (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 kg m-2 of bed) and the second factor was the presence and absence of green mango (mung bean). The lettuce cultivar used was the "Regina". The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, number of plant-1 leaves, head diameter, lettuce production and lettuce dry mass. Some economic indicators were determined such as: production cost, gross income, net income, rate of return and profitability index of the two crops. There was no interaction between the treatment factors for the production characteristics, with lettuce production of 87.8 kg / 100 m2. There was a statistical difference in the presence and absence of mung beans, with mean values of 81.4 and 67 kg / 100 m2 of lettuce, respectively. The highest economic efficiency in lettuce cultivation occurred in the presence of mung beans in the amount of 3.0 kg m-2, with gross income of 3343.75, net income of 1582.40, rate of return of 1.90 and index of profitability of 43.42%. The use of mung beans in lettuce cultivation is a viable option for the farmer to use.
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Singh, Rampal. "Characterization of virus disease resistance in Lactuca sativa." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55529.

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Little is known about the mechanism of virus disease resistance in plants. The aim of the work presented here was to answer whether disease resistance is offered within the cell or at the level of intercellular movement of the virus. The protoplast system was used for this purpose. Conditions were optimized to isolate viable protoplasts from the leaves of Lactuca sativa cultivars. Protoplasts and leaves from resistant and susceptible Lactuca sativa cultivars were inoculated separately with turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), Virus multiplication was examined over time using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Resistant cv. Kordaat did not support TuMV multiplication in protoplasts as well as in leaves. The results indicated that resistance to TuMV is available within the cell. The results ruled out the possibility of involvement of cell to cell movement and resistance to TuMV seems to be constitutive. On the other hand, protoplasts and leaves from both resistant and susceptible lettuce cultivars supported LMV multiplication. This suggested that resistance to LMV may not be offered within the cell. The results also indicated that the resistance to LMV was partly due to a hypersensitive response though virus was still able to spread systemically. To contribute towards mapping of the Tu resistance gene, the genotype of F$ sb2$ individuals was determined by screening an F$ sb3$ population from 71 F$ sb2$ individuals of a cross between cv. Calmar and cv. Kordaat for TuMV-infection. These data were useful for the production of bulks around the Tu locus to facilitate the search for new molecular markers linked to the Tu gene.
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Roguet, Yolande. "Embryogenèse somatique de la laitue (Lactuca sativa L. )." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112394.

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Ce mémoire traite de l'embryogenèse somatique de la laitue pommée (Lactuca sativa L. S. S. P capitata) par culture in vitro. La première partie de ce mémoire est consacré à l'étude de l'influence de quelques facteurs importants de la culture in vitro. L'action des régulateurs de croissance, des solutions de vitamines, des sels minéraux et des conditions environnementales a été examinée. Au terme d'essais effectués avec divers types d'explants, il s'est avéré que les fragments de jeunes plantules et les embryons zymotiques matures forment les cals les plus embryogenèse. Un protocole provisoire de culture in vitro est défini au terme de cette première série d'expérimentations. La deuxième partie de cette étude porte sur l'optimisation de la méthode d'embryogenese somatique. L'effet de la concentration en saccharose et des sources azotées ainsi que celui des traitements thermiques ont été examinés. A l'issue de cette deuxième série, il est possible de définir un protocole standard d'embryogenèse pour les laitues pommées. Les études cytologiques révèlent des malformations des embryons conduissant à des difficultés d'enracinement et une stérilité partielle du pollen de trente-deux pourcent des embryons somatiques examinés. Des améliorations potentielles de la méthodologie sont discutées dans la conclusion
This thesis deal with somatic embryogenesis of lettuce(Lactuca sativa L. S. S. P. Capitata) by in vitro culture. The first part of this work concerns the study of the influence of some important factors of in vitro culture. The effect of growth regulators, vitamins mixtures, mi­ neral salts and environnemental culture conditions have been examined. After trials made on various organs, young germinations and zygotic embryos has been retained. At last it was possible to define a temporary protocol for somatic. Embryogenesis. The second part of this work concerns the optimization of somatic embryogenesis method. Sucrose concentrations and ni­ trogen sources action as well as thermic traitement influences on somatic embryogenesis have been examined. At least, it was posible to define a standard protocol for somatic embryogenesis. Cytological studies showed embryos malformations lea­ ding to rooting difficulties and partial pollen sterility of 32 % of somatic embryos examined. Further potential improvments of the method have been discussed in the conclusion
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Webb, Catherine Lisa. "Transformation and somatic hydridisation for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) improvement." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317189.

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Books on the topic "Lactucin":

1

Medina, Mario Palomino. Lactuc! y otros cuentos. [Peru?]: 7 Vientos Editores, 1991.

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Caldwell, Charles R. Effect of divalent cations on the phenolic acids and flavonol glycosides of lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) leaf tissues. Beltsville, Md: USDA ARS BA, 2001.

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Kobryń, Jolanta. Analiza wzrostu oraz prognozowanie długości cykli produkcji sałaty głowiastej (Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.) w jesienno-zimowej uprawie szklarniowej w zależności od warunków świetlnych. Warszawa: Wydawn. SGGW, 1992.

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Tresserra, Anna Castellano i. Les retauracions de les esglésies de Santa Pere de Terrassa: Lactuació del Servei de Catalogació i Conservació de Monuments de la Diputació de Barcelona, 1915-1951. Barcelona: Diputació de Barcelona, Servei del Patrimoni Arquitectǹic, 1993.

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Krüger, Jan. Lactuca: Cultivation and Uses. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Krüger, Jan. Lactuca: Cultivation and Uses. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Conley, W. J. Plot planter for small-seeded vegetables. 1985.

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BARBOSA, R. C. F., M. C. C. OLIVEIRA, V. V. ANDRADE-NETO, B. CASTELAR, M. D. PONTES, and G. E. A. DIAS. Ulva lactuca: Aspectos Químicos na Determinação da Atividade Antioxidante Total. Dialética, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48021/978-65-252-2962-1.

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Kozarewa, Iwanka. Role of ethylene in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) germination at supraoptimal temperatures. 2004.

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Nicola, Silvana. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) root morpholgy, architecture, growth and development in an autotrophic culture system. 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lactucin":

1

Davey, Michael R., and Paul Anthony. "Lactuca." In Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources, 115–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20450-0_8.

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Reinink, K., R. Groenwold, and A. Lebeda. "Characterization of Non Host Resistance to Lettuce Downy Mildew (Bremia lactucae) in Lactuca Saligna." In Durability of Disease Resistance, 340. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2004-3_67.

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Petrželová, Irena, and Aleš Lebeda. "Distribution of race-specific resistance against Bremia lactucae in natural populations of Lactuca serriola." In The Downy Mildews - Biology, Mechanisms of Resistance and Population Ecology, 101–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1281-2_8.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Ketevan Batsatsashvili, Zaal Kikvidze, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, Manana Khutsishvili, Inesa Maisaia, Shalva Sikharulidze, and David Tchelidze. "Lactuca sativa L. Lactuca serriola L. Asteraceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 533–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28940-9_78.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Ulva Lactuca Extract." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 572. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10851.

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Khare, C. P. "Lactuca runcinata DC." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_865.

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Khare, C. P. "Lactuca sativa Linn." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_866.

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Khare, C. P. "Lactuca serriola Linn." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_867.

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Khare, C. P. "Lactuca virosa Linn." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_868.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Lactuca sativa (Lettuce)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1315–36. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_504.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lactucin":

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Grin'ko, N. N. "Intraspecific variability of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucum J.C.– causative agent of fusarium Lactuca sativa L." In Наука России: Цели и задачи. LJournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-04-2019-52.

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MANSANARI, BIANCA COELHO, and DJONATAN ARTUR ROSEMANN. "EFEITOS DO IMAZAPIR NA MACROALGA ULVA LACTUCA L." In III Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biológicas On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/iii-conbracib/12216.

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Mihalache, Beatrice. "Effects of Polyethylene Microbeads on Lactuca sativa var. longifolia." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1369145.

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Raynal-Lacroix, Christiane. "Relation between phosphorus fertilisation and protection of lettuce against Bremia lactucae." In VII South-Eastern Europe Syposium on Vegetables & Potatoes. University of Maribor Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-045-5.72.

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Gonçalves, Maria Eduarda Vilas Boas Dos Santos, Thaina Menegheti Nehme, Victória Alice Divino Dias, Sarah Cochut, and Sandro Barbosa. "TESTES DE GERMINAÇÃO EM DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS CANDIDATOS A BIOTESTES SIMULTÂNEOS EM BIOENSAIOS DE FITOTOXICIDADE." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/conbiotec/36.

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Introdução: Pesquisadores de diversas áreas da Ciência necessitam de diferentes biotestes para avaliar efeitos de compostos estudados no metabolismo dos organismos. Para ensaios de fitotoxicidade, em que se avaliam efeitos de amostras ambientais ou de extratos vegetais sobre a germinação de sementes e crescimento inicial de seedlings, estes biotestes são ainda mais restritos, pois devem apresentar homogeneidade, confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Na literatura, há muitos trabalhos indicando Allium cepa L. e Lactuca sativa L. por apresentarem esse perfil para esta linha de Pesquisa. Objetivo: Deste modo, esse trabalho teve por objetivo testar sementes de diferentes espécies, visando estipular qual entre estas apresenta melhor resposta de germinação. Material e métodos: Os bioensaios foram conduzidos em placas de Petri pequena, sendo os biotestes: Lactuca sativa L. cv babá de verão, Allium cepa L. cv baia periforme, Beta vulgaris esculenta cv maravilha, Solanum melongena cv preta comprida, Cucumis sativus cv caipira, Capsicum annuum cv casca dura ikeda, Lycopersicon esculentum cv santa clara. O experimento foi conduzido com 30 sementes de cada espécie, por placa, contendo duas folhas de papel filtro umedecidas com 3 mL de chorume facultativo, proveniente do aterro sanitário regional, localizado no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, nas concentrações de 25, 50, 75, 100%, água destilada como controle negativo e sulfato de zinco para o controle positivo, em 3 repetições por tratamento. O experimento foi conduzido em câmara de germinação tipo BOD, com fotoperíodo de 12 horas, a 20°C. A germinação foi avaliada 6 e 12 dias após o estabelecimento do experimento, e no último dia foi aferida a massa fresca. Foram calculadas médias de germinação e massa fresca, com o intuito de indicar os biotestes que apresentaram respostas mais expressivas. Resultados: Como já era de se esperar, os melhores resultados foram obtidos por Lactuca sativa e Allium cepa, entretanto foi Cucumis sativus e Beta vulgaris esculenta com maior germinação biotecnológica, portanto é interessante o uso destes quando o objetivo da pesquisa for avaliar crescimento inicial. Conclusão: Ademais estas espécies não foram representativas a resposta das soluções, enquanto os demais biotestes se mostraram mais sensíveis ao aumento da concentração de chorume.
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Dixon, Michael, Cara Ann Wehkamp, and Michael Stasiak. "Physiological Responses of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to Reduced Atmospheric Pressure." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3074.

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Altevir Fonseca de Oliveira Neto, Oliveira Neto, Silva Amanda Catarine Ribeiro da Silva, Nascimento Janete Silva do, Mercês Júlia Karoline Rodrigues das, and Teixeira Davi Henrique Lima. "CULTIVO DE ALFACE (Lactuca sativa L.) SOB DIFERENTES COMPOSIÇÕES DE NPK." In III Congresso Internacional das Ciências Agrárias – COINTER PDVAgro. Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31692/2526-7701.iiicointerpdvagro.2018.00410.

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Hiroshi Shimizu, Yuta Saito, Hiroshi Nakashima, Juro Miyasaka, and Katsuaki Ohdoi. "Effect of Light Quality on Growth of Lactuca sativa L. "Greenwave"." In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29660.

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Tonon Dominato, Daniele, and Caroline Vicentin Junqueira. "SEPTIC TANK SLUDGE: TOXICITY EVALUATION THROUGH Vibrio fischeri AND Lactuca sativa." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-37138.

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Han, Jian-Ming, Yao Chen, Yanzhao Zhang, and Miaomiao Wang. "Genetic Analysis of bHLH Family in Purple Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." In 2022 Asia Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Machine Learning (CACML). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cacml55074.2022.00076.

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Reports on the topic "Lactucin":

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Michelmore, Richard, Eviatar Nevo, Abraham Korol, and Tzion Fahima. Genetic Diversity at Resistance Gene Clusters in Wild Populations of Lactuca. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573075.bard.

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Genetic resistance is often the least expensive, most effective, and ecologically-sound method of disease control. It is becoming apparent that plant genomes contain large numbers of disease resistance genes. However, the numbers of different resistance specificities within a genepool and the genetic mechanisms generating diversity are poorly understood. Our objectives were to characterize diversity in clusters of resistance genes in wild progenitors of cultivated lettuce in Israel and California in comparison to diversity within cultivated lettuce, and to determine the extent of gene flow, recombination, and genetic instability in generating variation within clusters of resistance genes. Genetic diversity of resistance genes was analyzed in wild and cultivated germplasm using molecular markers derived from lettuce resistance gene sequences of the NBS-LRR type that mapped to the major cluster if resistance genes in lettuce (Sicard et al. 1999). Three molecular markers, one microsatellite marker and two SCAR markers that amplified LRR- encoding regions, were developed from sequences of resistance gene homologs at the Dm3 cluster (RGC2s) in lettuce. Variation for these markers was assessed in germplasm including 74 genotypes of cultivated lettuce, L. saliva and 71 accessions of the three wild Lactuca spp., L. serriola, L. saligna and L. virosa that represent the major species in the sexually accessible genepool for lettuce. Diversity was also studied within and between natural populations of L. serriola from Israel and California. Large numbers of haplotypes were detected indicating the presence of numerous resistance genes in wild species. We documented a variety of genetic events occurring at clusters of resistance genes for the second objective (Sicard et al., 1999; Woo el al., in prep; Kuang et al., in prepb). The diversity of resistance genes in haplotypes provided evidence for gene duplication and unequal crossing over during the evolution of this cluster of resistance genes. Comparison of nine resistance genes in cv. Diana identified 22 gene conversion and five intergenic recombinations. We cloned and sequenced a 700 bp region from the middle of RGC2 genes from six genotypes, two each from L. saliva, L. serriola, and L. saligna . We have identified over 60 unique RGC2 sequences. Phylogenetic analysis surprisingly demonstrated much greater similarity between than within genotypes. This led to the realization that resistance genes are evolving much slower than had previously been assumed and to a new model as to how resistance genes are evolving (Michelmore and Meyers, 1998). The genetic structure of L. serriola was studied using 319 AFLP markers (Kuang et al., in prepa). Forty-one populations from Turkey, Armenia, Israel, and California as well as seven European countries were examined. AFLP marker data showed that the Turkish and Armenian populations were the most polymorphic populations and the European populations were the least. The Davis, CA population, a recent post-Columbian colonization, showed medium genetic diversity and was genetically close to the Turkish populations. Our results suggest that Turkey - Armenia may be the center of origin and diversity of L. serriola and may therefore have the greatest diversity of resistance genes. Our characterization of the diversity of resistance genes and the genetic mechanisms generating it will allow informed exploration, in situ and ex situ conservation, and utilization of germplasm resources for disease control. The results of this project provide the basis for our future research work, which will lead to a detailed understanding of the evolution of resistance genes in plants.
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Friedlander, Michael, Clinton Dawes, and Y. (Joel) Kashman. The Interaction between Epiphytes and Seaweeds. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571355.bard.

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Two Israeli laboratories (IOLR and TAU) cooperated with one American laboratory (USF) in the research of the interaction between epiphytes (Ulva sp.) and the cultivated seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) The main objectives included the following aspects: Structural aspects, effects of different irradiances on growth, sensitivity studies, allelopathic excretions, selective chemicals and integration of studies of epiphytization. The studies were operated in outdoor tanks, indoor growth chambers and in the lab. The main conclusions and their relevance for mariculture are as following: 1. The green algal epiphyte, does penetrate its red algal host. 2. Gracilaria spp. in monoculture released more halogenated hydrocarbons than in biculture with U lactuca, whereas other metabolic parameters did not show a discriminating effect in biculture. 3. Hydrogen peroxide and halogenated hydrocarbons could be a part of the effective excretion compounds in biculture. 4. The presence of mature Gracilaria inhibited the growth of U. lactuca sporelings. 5. G. conferta is most sensitive to epiphytes among Gracilaria species tested. 6. The use of green light can enhance growth in basiphytes but inhibit epiphytes. 7. Effective selectivity has been defined by the use of hydrogen hypochlorite. 8. It may be more profitable in seaweed mariculture to select for epiphyte resistant strains than to search for inhibitors of epiphytization. 9 It is important as well to examine how the basiphyte may be able to prevent penetration. 10. Definition of the effective excretions in biculture has still to be done.
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Rakutko, S. A., and E. N. Rakutko. The dependence of the area of ​​lettuce leaves (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) on the dose of optical radiation flux and its components. Известия Санкт-Петербургского аграрного университета, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2018-11982.

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Ryther, J. H., T. A. DeBusk, and J. E. Peterson. Studies of marine macroalgae: saline desert water cultivation and effects of environmental stress on proximate composition. Final subcontract report. [Gracilaria tikvahiae; Ulva lactuca]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6456763.

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van Tuinen, S. T., A. Gsell, E. J. Faassen, M. D. Klijnstra, and A. A. A. Beerman. Correlations in the presence of contaminants in Ulva lactuca spp : Part of KB Project on Marine lower trophic systems (KB-34-007-004 1-2C-4). Wageningen: Wageningen Food Safety Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/642558.

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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.

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