Journal articles on the topic 'Lactic acid – Physiological effect'
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1
Kolomin, N. A., and О. B. Soprunova. "THE EFFECT OF NEW LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF HYDROBIONTS." Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Биология»=Bulletin of Perm University. Biology, no. 2 (2020): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1994-9952-2020-2-115-119.
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The article is devoted to the study and isolation of new isolates of lactic acid bacteria. During the study, 9 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were isolated and their physiological, biochemical, and production-valuable properties were studied.The isolates have sufficient acid-forming activity (56.5-110 To), expressed saccharolytic activity (breakdown glucose, lactose, sucrose, maltose and galactose), the ability to develop at high concentrations of NaCl. Four of the most active isolates were used to study the effectiveness of lactic acid bacteria in the feed composition. As a result of inclusion of studied isolates in aquarium fodders, positive effect of two isolates on fish-growing and biological indices of fish has been established. The obtained data indicate at the same time the biological safety of the studied cultures, as well as the increase in the growth intensity of aquarium fish.
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ITA, POLLA S., and ROBERT W. HUTKINS. "Intracellular pH and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A in Tryptic Soy Broth Containing Acetic, Lactic, Citric, and Hydrochloric Acids." Journal of Food Protection 54, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-54.1.15.
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To study the effect of citric, acetic, lactic, and hydrochloric acids on Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, growth, survival, and intracellular pH (pHin) values were determined during growth in a pH-controlled fermentation vessel. Under the experimental conditions, L. monocytogenes Scott A grown in tryptic soy (plus yeast extract) broth survived even when the pH was reduced to 3.5. For most acids, L. monocytogenes maintained a pH gradient (intracellular pH-external pH) of about 1.0 pH unit and a pHin near 5.0. When the citric and lactic acid-treated cells at pH values 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 were incubated for a longer time (24 h), both the pH gradient and the pHin values decreased. Although citric and lactic acids were more effective in lowering the pHin, acetic acid had the greatest effect on cell survival. A greater than 4-log reduction in cell number occurred when L. monocytogenes was held in acetic acid-treated broth for 24 h at pH 3.5 even though the pHin was 5.0. The results suggest that inhibition of L. monocytogenes by acids is caused not by a decrease in the intracellular pH, per se, but rather by specific effects of undissociated acid species on metabolic or other physiological activities.
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ARVIZU-MEDRANO, SOFÍA M., and EDUARDO F. ESCARTÍN. "Effect of Acid Shock with Hydrochloric, Citric, and Lactic Acids on the Survival and Growth of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium in Acidified Media." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 2047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.10.2047.
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The effect of acid shock with hydrochloric, citric, or lactic acid on the survival and growth of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium in acidified broth was evaluated. Salmonella serovars were acid shocked (1 h at 35°C) in Trypticase soy broth acidified with hydrochloric, citric, or lactic acid at pH 5.5. Unshocked cells were exposed to the same media that had been neutralized before use to pH 7.0. Shocked and unshocked cells were inoculated into broth acidified with hydrochloric acid (pH 3.0), citric acid (pH 3.0), or lactic acid (pH 3.8), and growth and survival ability were evaluated. The acid shock conferred protection to Salmonella against the lethal effects of low pH and organic acids. The adaptive response was not specific to the anion used for adaptation. The biggest difference in reduction of survival between shocked and unshocked strains (∼2 log CFU/ml) was observed when the microorganisms were shocked with lactic acid and then challenged with citric acid. Salmonella Typhi was more tolerant of citric acid than was Salmonella Typhimurium, but Salmonella Typhimurium had higher acid tolerance in response to acid shock than did Salmonella Typhi. The acid shock decreased the extension of the lag phase and enhanced the physiological state values of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium when the pH of growth was 4.5. This increased ability to tolerate acidity may have an important impact on food safety, especially in the case of Salmonella Typhi, given the very low infectious dose of this pathogen.
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Nikanova, L. A. "ORGANIC ACIDS IN FEEDING OF PIGS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND CLINICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 2 (2018): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.201802015.
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The influence of feed additive "Ormik" consisting of organic acids (formic acid, lactic acid, orthophosphoric acid, acetic acid), as a filler of diatomite crumb, introduced into concentrated fodders, on the biochemical parameters of blood serum of pigs and on productivity is considered in the article. The studied feed additive was added to the feed daily in the form of loose powder, mixing thoroughly. The initial dosage of the feed additive in the 1st week was 1 g/kg of feed, 2nd week and the following – 3 g/kg of feed. The average daily gain in the live weight of pigs in the experimental group was 11,0% higher than the control group. The animals of the experimental group were less sick and the safety of this group was 100%, in the control group it was 90%.
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Westerblad, Håkan, David G. Allen, and Jan Lännergren. "Muscle Fatigue: Lactic Acid or Inorganic Phosphate the Major Cause?" Physiology 17, no. 1 (February 2002): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.2002.17.1.17.
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Intracellular acidosis due mainly to lactic acid accumulation has been regarded as the most important cause of skeletal muscle fatigue. Recent studies on mammalian muscle, however, show little direct effect of acidosis on muscle function at physiological temperatures. Instead, inorganic phosphate, which increases during fatigue due to breakdown of creatine phosphate, appears to be a major cause of muscle fatigue.
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Małolepsza-Jarmołowska, Katarzyna. "PHARMACEUTICAL ASSESSMENT OF GYNAECOLOGICAL POWDERS WITH SODIUM ALGINATE CONTAINING A LACTIC ACID-CHITOSAN COMPLEX." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXIII (September 10, 2018): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.23.13.
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The insufficient duration of the drug’s contact with the vaginal mucosa does not provide adequate pH, conditioning the physiological biocenosis of the organ. This effect is hampered by numerous anatomic and physiological conditions which do not facilitate prolonged contact of the drug with the application site. This study has shown the impact of the used excipients and the ratio of lactic acid to chitosan on pH, dynamic viscosity and adhesiveness of methylcellulose gels obtained from powders. The addition of sodium alginate and excipients to these complexes allows various formulations to be obtained over a wide range of pH. Rheological investigations revealed an increase in the dynamic viscosity of preparations containing lactic acid complexed with chitosan and sodium alginate in comparison to gels without sodium alginate. Studies of the work of adhesion showed the effect of glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol and their concentrations on the value of the work of adhesion.
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Kapustian, Antonina Ivanovna, Natalia Cherno, Alexei Kovalenko, Kristina Naumenko, and Igor Kushnir. "Products of Metabolism and Processing of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Functional Ingredients." Food Science and Applied Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30721/fsab2018.v1.i1.13.
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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria (BB) are unique substances that have a lot of biological and physiological effects. Structural components of LAB and BB – peptidoglycans, compounds of the muramylpeptide series, teichoic acids – have powerful immunological properties. Metabolites of LAB and BB – organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, etc. – provide antagonistic activity, have an indirect impact on the immune system, reducing the antigenic load caused by pathogenic microorganisms. The expediency of peptidoglycans degradation of LAB and BB cell walls is substantiated. Low molecular weight products of the degradation can easily be absorbed and enter into biochemical processes, accelerating the expected functional-physiological effect. To obtain low-molecular products of peptidoglycans degradation, a combination of LAB and BB was used. The combination of LAB and BB is the sum of the test cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactococcus cremoris, Streptococcus termophilus. Destruction of peptidoglycans of bacterial cell walls was carried out using a combination of disintegrating factors. The efficiency of destruction was determined by the accumulation of low molecular weight peptides (with molecular weight up to 1500 Da), amino acids and soluble protein in the disintegrate. It has been established that the highest accumulation of low molecular weight degradation products occurs when using autolysis followed by enzymatic hydrolysis during 180 min with the ratio of the enzyme : substrate 1 : 100. At the same time ≈ 53% of protein substances pass from insoluble to soluble state. The molecular weight of the obtained products is determined by the gel chromatography method. The qualitative and quantitative content of organic acids, amino acids and vitamins of group В in the hydrolysis products composition was investigated. It was shown that the obtained product possesses high biological effect in the experiment on animals.
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Mohammed, M. J., M. S. Mahdi, A. H. Jameel, and K. M. Thalj. "THE ROLE OF LACTOBACILLUS CASEI AND LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILLUS TO DECREASE THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POTASSIUM BROMATE IN RATS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1237.
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This study was conducted to investigate the ameliorative effect of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus against Potassium bromate (25, 50) mg / kg toxicity by some physiological indicators in 35 of female rats after 21 days. The animals were divided into 7 groups within each group 5 animals weighted 140 – 155 g. The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in value of Red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), White blood cells (WBC), Lymphocyte (LYM) and Platelets (PLT), While increasing the values of Granules (GRN). Also found that the addition of Potassium bromate Potassium bromate led to increase in cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and blood glucose, while decreased the values of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) for rats groups with increasing the concentration of Potassium bromate compared with control group. The addition of two types of lactic acid bacteria L. casei and L. acidophilus with Potassium bromate showed a positive effect to reducing the negative effect of Potassium bromate on blood and lipid profile parameters compared with the control group and Potassium bromate group. It is concluded that the lactic acid bacteria has protective effects and reduces the effects that Potassium bromate.
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Kreutz, Marina, Karin Fischer, Petra Hoffmann, Simon Volkl, Matthias Edinger, Reinhard Andreesen, and Andreas Mackensen. "Inhibitory Effects of Lactic Acid on Human Antigen-Specific CD8+ T-Cells." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 3844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3844.3844.
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Abstract A characteristic feature of inflammatory lesions or tumor sites is local acidosis, which is attributed to the local increase in lactic acid production. We studied the effect of such an acidic environment on the immune functions of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells by incubating the cells in the presence of various concentrations of lactic acid for up to 48h. CD8+ T-cells were isolated from healthy donors and expanded by weekly stimulation with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with a mutated HLA-A2-binding Melan-A (ELAGIGILTV) peptide. The obtained T cell population consisted of at least 90% CD8+ and about 60% Melan-A specific T cells, as determined by Melan-A multimer staining. Incubation of CD8+ T cells with up to 20mM lactic acid for 24h did not cause T-cell apoptosis or cell death as determined by combined annexin/propidium iodide staining. However, the proliferative capacity of CD8+ T cells, as determined by 3H-thymidine uptake, was strongly inhibited. Similar results were obtained when we determined cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of the cells after a 24h culture period in 5-20 mM lactic acid. Production of both, IL-2 and IFN-gamma was strongly diminished in comparison to untreated cells, as determined by intracellular staining after stimulation with PMA/ionomycin for 5h in the presence of monensin. Analysis of the antigen-specific cytolytic capacity revealed that CD8+ T cells pre-cultured with lactic acid were less effective in killing antigen-loaded T2 target cells as compared to untreated CD8+ T cells. In parallel, the intracellular contents of the cytotoxic effector molecules granzyme-B and perforin was diminished. Re-adjusting the pH of the medium to a physiological value of pH7.4 could partially revert the effect of lactic acid. Treatment of CD8+ T cells with sodium lactate instead of lactic acid had no inhibitory effect. We conclude, that lactic acid is an important modulator of CD8+ T-cell function and may contribute, together with other factors, to immune escape mechanisms in the tumor environment.
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Radkowski, Adam, Iwona Radkowska, Jan Bocianowski, Adrian Cyplik, Karol Wolski, and Henryk Bujak. "Effect of Amino Acids and Effective Microorganisms on Meadow Silage Chemical Composition." Agronomy 11, no. 6 (June 12, 2021): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061198.
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The effects of growth stimulants consist of activating plant physiological processes, which positively affects vegetative and generative growth, increasing the yield and its quality. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of microbial and amino acid products on the quality of grassland silage; their application in different combinations was an experimental factor. According to the results, the foliar application of the amino acid and microbial products had a statistically significant effect on the chemical composition of silage. In comparison to control, silage produced from plants treated with those growth stimulants contained significantly more total protein in dry matter, while crude fiber content changed only slightly. In addition, due to higher lactic acid content, the quality of silage treated with the stimulants was higher than the quality of control plants. To sum up, the foliar treatment of plants with microorganisms in combination with amino acids resulted in a significant increase in the content of desired components, with a higher nutritional value of the silage.
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Tonkonogi, M., and K. Sahlin. "Actively phosphorylating mitochondria are more resistant to lactic acidosis than inactive mitochondria." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 277, no. 2 (August 1, 1999): C288—C293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.2.c288.
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Oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria after exposure to lactic acidosis in either phosphorylating or nonphosphorylating states has been evaluated. Mitochondrial respiration and transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured with pyruvate and malate as the substrates. The addition of lactic acid decreased the pH of the reaction medium from 7.5 to 6.4. When lactic acid was added to nonphosphorylating mitochondria, the subsequent maximal ADP-stimulated respiration decreased by 27% compared with that under control conditions ( P < 0.05), and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant ( K m) for ADP decreased to 10 μM vs. 20 μM ( P< 0.05) in controls. In contrast, maximal respiration and ADP sensitivity were not affected when mitochondria were exposed to acidosis during active phosphorylation in state 3. Acidosis significantly increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption in state 4 (post-state 3), irrespective of when acidosis was induced. This effect of acidosis was attenuated in the presence of oligomycin. The addition of lactic acid during state 4 respiration decreased ΔΨm by 19%. The ratio between added ADP and consumed oxygen (P/O) was close to the theoretical value of 3 in all conditions. The addition of potassium lactate during state 3 (i.e., medium pH unchanged) had no effect on the parameters measured. It is concluded that lactic acidosis has different effects when induced on nonphosphorylating vs. actively phosphorylating mitochondria. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the influence of lactic acidosis on muscle aerobic energy production depends on the physiological conditions at the onset of acidity.
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Nikolaevna Lantseva, Nadezhda, Alexander Nikolaevich Shvydkov, Lyudmila Anatolyevna Ryabukha, and Veronica Valeryevna Evsyukova. "Biological Activity of Lactic Acid Based Feed Additive and its Physiological Effect on the Animal Organism." OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 18, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2018.377.386.
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USAGA, JESSIE, RANDY W. WOROBO, and OLGA I. PADILLA-ZAKOUR. "Effect of Acid Adaptation and Acid Shock on Thermal Tolerance and Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O111 in Apple Juice." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 1656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-126.
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Gradual exposure to moderate acidic environments may enhance the thermal tolerance and survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in acid and acidified foods. Limited studies comparing methodologies to induce this phenomenon have been performed. The effects of strain and physiological state on thermal tolerance and survival of E. coli in apple juice were studied. The decimal reduction time (D-value) at 56°C [D56°C] was determined for E. coli O157:H7 strains C7927 and ATCC 43895 and E. coli O111 at four physiological states: unadapted, acid-shocked (two methodologies used), and acid-adapted cells. The effect of acidulant was also evaluated by determining the D56°C for the O157:H7 strains subjected to acid shock during 18 h in Trypticase soy broth (TSB), with pH 5 adjusted with hydrochloric, lactic, and malic acids. Survival of the three strains at four physiological states was determined at 1 ± 1°C and 24 + 2°C. Experiments were performed in triplicate. For thermal inactivation, a significant interaction was found between strain and physiological state (P < 0.0001). Highest thermal tolerance was observed for the 43895 strain subjected to acid shock during 18 h in TSB acidified with HCl (D56°C of 3.0 ± 0.1 min) and the lowest for the acid-shocked C7927 strain treated for 4 h in TSB acidified with HCl (D56°C of 0.45 ± 0.06 min). Acidulants did not alter the heat tolerance of strain C7927 (D56°C of 1.9 ± 0.1 min; P > 0.05) but significantly affected strain 43895 (P < 0.05), showing the greatest tolerance when malic acid was used (D56°C of 3.7 ± 0.3 min). A significant interaction between strain, storage temperature, and physiological state was noted during the survival experiments (P < 0.05). E. coli O111 was the most resistant strain, surviving 6 and 23 days at 24 and 1°C, respectively. Our findings may assist in designing challenge studies for juices and other pH-controlled products, where Shiga toxin–producing E. coli represents the pathogen of concern.
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Mao, Yupeng, Ning Ba, Xinchao Gao, Ziqi Wang, Mailun Shen, Bing Liu, Boyang Li, Xiaofei Ma, and Song Chen. "Self-Powered Wearable Sweat-Lactate Analyzer for Scheduling Training of Boat Race." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2020.2695.
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Self-powered wearable sweat-lactate analyzer has been developed for training analysis of rowing. Tetrapodshaped ZnO nanowires are attached onto ordinary textiles to form a device. Based on the coupling of enzymatic reaction (lactate oxidase and lactic acid) and piezoelectric effect, the device can be attached to the tester to monitor the driving frequency, rowing distance and sweat lactic acid concentration of the tester in real-time. The relationship between the rowing frequency and physiological state is obtained by monitoring the rowing process of the tester, which is helpful to formulate a training plan belonging to the rowing tester. This study provides a new direction for the scientific monitoring of kinematics and accelerates the development of wearable sports equipment.
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Małolepsza-Jarmołowska, Katarzyna. "THE EFFECT OF A CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM SALT ON THE PROPERTIES OF HYDROPHILIC POWDERS CONTAINING A LACTIC ACID-CHITOSAN COMPLEX." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXIII (September 10, 2018): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.23.012.
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The investigated powders on a methylcellulose base revealed good adhesion to the vaginal mucosa and were present on it throughout the daily activities of the patient. This property enabled the continuity of the 24-hour action of the drug. The treatment of vagina inflammatory conditions is usually long and difficult because of the frequent relapse. Powders were transformed into gels and were tested for their properties. Formulations were prepared with varying pH and rheological properties. The test showed the work of adhesion of gels. All gels with ratios of lactic acid to chitosan of 1:1 and 2:1 showed a pH in the physiological range at 37°C. Additionally, carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt and excipients allow various formulations with a wide range of pH to be obtained. Rheological investigation revealed an increase in the dynamic viscosity of preparations containing lactic acid complexed with chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt in comparison to gels without carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt.
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Trosper, T. L., and K. D. Philipson. "Lactate transport by cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 252, no. 5 (May 1, 1987): C483—C489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1987.252.5.c483.
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L-lactate is taken up by cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles in a process that is saturable with respect to L-lactate, stereospecific, associated specifically with the sarcolemmal membrane, and inhibited by other monocarboxylic acids and by the protein modifiers p-chloromercuriphenyl-sulfonate and N-ethylmaleimide. 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, an inhibitor of the inorganic anion transporter, is without effect. The L-lactate transport is very sensitive to pH. Uptake is stimulated by a proton gradient directed inward and decreased when internal pH is lower than external pH. Passive diffusion of nonionized lactic acid into the vesicles is negligible at physiological pH and appears to remain minor even when external pH is lowered by more than one unit. Also, the mechanism does not require specific Na+-L-lactate contransport. The properties of the L-lactate transporting system in cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles appear similar to those of the monocarboxylate transporter in erythrocytes, hepatocytes, and Ehrlich ascites cells. The present results do not allow a distinction to be made between stepwise interaction of lactate- and H+ or association of nonionized lactic acid with the carrier.
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Jameel, Ali H., Mohammed J. Mohammed, Manal S. Mahdi, and Karkaz M. Thalj. "Physiological effects of lactic acid bacteria against melamine induced toxicity in female albino rats." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2020.126183.1259.
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Yu, Shao Mei, and Ying Zhang. "Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Nitrite Degradation during Pickle Fermentation." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 1656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.1656.
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Two strains with nitrite degradation ability were obtained from Kimchi. According to morphology, Gram-stain, physiological tests, the isolates were identified primarily as Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum, respectively. Comparing the nitrite degradation rate of two strains, the strain L. plantarum Z1 with higher degradation rate was utilized to investigate effects on sodium nitrite degradation (NaNO2) during pickle fermentation. The strain L. plantarum Z1 was inoculated to 200mL MRS medium including 120μg/mL NaNO2 with inoculum of 1% after culturing at 30°C for 18 h. Several experiments that involved different temperature, pH, substrate concentration were carried out. Nitrite degradation ability of L. plantarum Z1was estimated from detection of the residue concentration of NaNO2. The optimal conditions for nitrite degradation were: growing temperature at 30°C, initial pH at 5.5 and substrate concentration of 400μg/mL. Under these conditions, the nitrite degradation efficiency was up to 96% with residue of 4.8μg/mL which is below the content of National Standards. The ability to degrade sodium nitrite provided a tool for LAB (Lactic acid bacteria) application to improve their industrial performance.
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Gu, Yue, Jing Wu, Jianjun Tian, Lijie Li, Baojun Zhang, Yue Zhang, and Yinfeng He. "Effects of Exogenous Synthetic Autoinducer-2 on Physiological Behaviors and Proteome of Lactic Acid Bacteria." ACS Omega 5, no. 3 (January 15, 2020): 1326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b01021.
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Uugantsetseg, E., and B. Batjargal. "Antioxidant activity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from Mongolian airag." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 15 (December 12, 2014): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v15i0.327.
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This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from airag. In this study, 42 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Mongolian airag. All isolates were identified by using morphological, biochemical and physiological methods. The isolated bacteria were studied for antagonistic effects on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, 22 strains showed antibacterial activity. When we examined their probiotic properties such as bile acid tolerance and gastric acid tolerance, it is shown that only 6 bacterial strains can survive up to 3 hours in a pH 3.0 acid environment and up to 8 hours in 0.3% bile acid environment. Selected probiotic strains were further identified to species by API 50CHL system. Antioxidant activity of probiotic strains were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. While the antioxidant activity in cell free supernatant fluctuated between the range of 26.1-38.4%, the antioxidant activity after 72 hours of fermentation in the whey fraction was between 17.23-55.12%. DOI: http://doi.dx.org/10.5564/mjc.v15i0.327 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 15 (41), 2014, p73-78
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Boroumandnia, Zeinab, Heshmatollah Khosravinia, Babak Masouri, and Bahman Parizadian Kavan. "Effects of dietary supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid on physiological response of broiler chicken exposed to repeated lactic acid injection." Italian Journal of Animal Science 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2021.1873075.
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Jussier, Delphine, Amélie Dubé Morneau, and Ramón Mira de Orduña. "Effect of Simultaneous Inoculation with Yeast and Bacteria on Fermentation Kinetics and Key Wine Parameters of Cool-Climate Chardonnay." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 1 (January 2006): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.1.221-227.2006.
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ABSTRACT Inoculating grape musts with wine yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) concurrently in order to induce simultaneous alcoholic fermentation (AF) and malolactic fermentation (MLF) can be an efficient alternative to overcome potential inhibition of LAB in wines because of high ethanol concentrations and reduced nutrient content. In this study, the simultaneous inoculation of yeast and LAB into must was compared with a traditional vinification protocol, where MLF was induced after completion of AF. For this, two suitable commercial yeast-bacterium combinations were tested in cool-climate Chardonnay must. The time courses of glucose and fructose, acetaldehyde, several organic acids, and nitrogenous compounds were measured along with the final values of other key wine parameters. Sensory evaluation was done after 12 months of storage. The current study could not confirm a negative impact of simultaneous AF/MLF on fermentation success and kinetics or on final wine parameters. While acetic acid concentrations were slightly increased in wines after simultaneous AF/MLF, the differences were of neither practical nor legal significance. No statistically significant differences were found with regard to the final values of pH or total acidity and the concentrations of ethanol, acetaldehyde, glycerol, citric and lactic acids, and the nitrogen compounds arginine, ammonia, urea, citrulline, and ornithine. Sensory evaluation by a semiexpert panel confirmed the similarity of the wines. However, simultaneous inoculation led to considerable reductions in overall fermentation durations. Furthermore, differences of physiological and microbiological relevance were found. Specifically, we report the vinification of “super-dry” wines devoid of glucose and fructose after simultaneous inoculation of yeast and bacteria.
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Siddiqui, Shoib S., Chirag Dhar, Venkatasubramaniam Sundaramurthy, Aniruddha Sasmal, Hai Yu, Esther Bandala-Sanchez, Miaomiao Li, et al. "Sialoglycan recognition is a common connection linking acidosis, zinc, and HMGB1 in sepsis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 10 (March 3, 2021): e2018090118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018090118.
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Blood pH is tightly maintained between 7.35 and 7.45, and acidosis (pH <7.3) indicates poor prognosis in sepsis, wherein lactic acid from anoxic tissues overwhelms the buffering capacity of blood. Poor sepsis prognosis is also associated with low zinc levels and the release of High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from activated and/or necrotic cells. HMGB1 added to whole blood at physiological pH did not bind leukocyte receptors, but lowering pH with lactic acid to mimic sepsis conditions allowed binding, implying the presence of natural inhibitor(s) preventing binding at normal pH. Testing micromolar concentrations of divalent cations showed that zinc supported the robust binding of sialylated glycoproteins with HMGB1. Further characterizing HMGB1 as a sialic acid-binding lectin, we found that optimal binding takes place at normal blood pH and is markedly reduced when pH is adjusted with lactic acid to levels found in sepsis. Glycan array studies confirmed the binding of HMGB1 to sialylated glycan sequences typically found on plasma glycoproteins, with binding again being dependent on zinc and normal blood pH. Thus, HMGB1-mediated hyperactivation of innate immunity in sepsis requires acidosis, and micromolar zinc concentrations are protective. We suggest that the potent inflammatory effects of HMGB1 are kept in check via sequestration by plasma sialoglycoproteins at physiological pH and triggered when pH and zinc levels fall in late stages of sepsis. Current clinical trials independently studying zinc supplementation, HMGB1 inhibition, or pH normalization may be more successful if these approaches are combined and perhaps supplemented by infusions of heavily sialylated molecules.
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Ivannikova, R. F., and N. V. Pimenov. "Evaluation of the effect on the biological status of young sheep when using a symbiotic feed additive." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 1, no. 5 (2021): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202105008.
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The article presents the results of studies on the use of synbiotic feed additives based on live spore-forming bacteria of the genus Bacillus, lysates of lactic acid bacteria and yeast to lambs of 10-day-old Volgograd breed in various doses. The use of the feed additive did not have a negative effect on the morphological parameters of the lambs ' blood. Physiological parameters for the entire observation period were within the reference values characteristic of this animal species. The positive effect of synbiotic feed additive was manifested by higher growth rates – an increase in the live weight of the lambs of the experimental groups compared to the control group.
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Ghazaei, Ciamak. "Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria From Milk and Their Effects on the Pathogenic Bacteria." Research in Molecular Medicine 8, no. 4 (October 26, 2020): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/rmm.8.4.4.
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Background: Probiotics are “live microbial cells” that are beneficial for human and animal health. Lactobacilli are such a diverse group of bacteria with similar metabolic and physiological characteristics, and constitute important and beneficial gut microflora. During carbohydrate fermentation, lactobacilli produce lactic acid as an end product in metabolism. Hence, lactobacilli have high significance to be used as probiotics in the food industry, because of their acidifying properties. Also, lactobacilli are considered “safe”, owing to their ubiquitous presence in the food. Many researchers provided evidence for the presence of lactobacilli in milk sources. Thus, the present study aimed to isolate and characterize different lactobacilli strains from milk sources and analyze their “probiotic potential”. Materials and methods: Forty-one lactobacilli isolates were obtained from raw cow milk. Then, the strains were characterized by morphological identification and biochemical tests. Besides, probiotic potentials were evaluated with the bile tolerance test, antibiotic susceptibility test, and determining suitable pH for the optimal growth of lactobacilli. The lactobacilli isolates were also analyzed for their probiotic characteristics and the release of antimicrobial substances. Their antimicrobial activities against pathogenic strains were assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration, with the help of agar diffusion methods. Results: From 50 milk samples, 41 lactobacilli isolates were obtained, out of which five lactobacilli strains were identified as Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus lactis. Moreover, 35 isolates showed an inhibitory effect. These strains were able to survive and grow in 0.5% to 2.5% bile salt concentrations. Lactic acid bacteria were susceptible to antibiotics, and 35 isolates obtained from raw milk showed an inhibitory effect against pathogenic bacteria. The observed minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 50 to 100 µL and varied between the different pathogens. Conclusion: Out of 41 Lactobacillus isolates obtained from cow milk samples, 35 were identified with probiotic characteristics. Hence, this study highlighted the novel probiotic bacteria and validated the antimicrobial properties of the Lactobacillus spp against pathogenic bacteria.
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Ducrocq, Guillaume P., Joyce S. Kim, Juan A. Estrada, and Marc P. Kaufman. "ASIC1a plays a key role in evoking the metabolic component of the exercise pressor reflex in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 318, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): H78—H89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00565.2019.
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The role of the acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) in evoking the exercise pressor reflex is unknown, despite the fact that ASIC1a is opened by decreases in pH in the physiological range. This fact prompted us to test the hypothesis that ASIC1a plays an important role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex in decerebrated rats with freely perfused hindlimb muscles. To test this hypothesis, we measured the effect of injecting two ASIC1a blockers into the arterial supply of the triceps surae muscles on the reflex pressor responses to four maneuvers, namely 1) static contraction of the triceps surae muscles (i.e., the exercise pressor reflex), 2) calcaneal tendon stretch, 3) intra-arterial injection of lactic acid, and 4) intra-arterial injection of diprotonated phosphate. We found that the 2 ASIC1a blockers, psalmotoxin-1 (200 ng/kg) and mambalgin-1 (6.5 μg/kg), decreased the pressor responses to static contraction as well as the peak pressor responses to injection of lactic acid and diprotonated phosphate. In contrast, neither ASIC1a blocker had any effect on the pressor responses to tendon stretch. Importantly, we found that ASIC1a blockade significantly decreased the pressor response to static contraction after a latency of at least 8 s. Our results support the hypothesis that ASIC1a plays a key role in evoking the metabolic component of the exercise pressor reflex. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The role played by acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) in evoking the exercise pressor reflex remains unknown. In decerebrated rats with freely perfused femoral arteries, blocking ASIC1a with psalmotoxin-1 or mambalgin-1 significantly attenuated the pressor response to static contraction, lactic acid, and diprotonated phosphate injection but had no effect on the pressor response to stretch. We conclude that ASIC1a plays a key role in evoking the exercise pressor reflex by responding to contraction-induced metabolites, such as protons.
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Valenzuela, J. A., A. B. Flórez, L. Vázquez, O. M. Vasek, and B. Mayo. "Production of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from traditional, starter-free dairy products made of raw milk." Beneficial Microbes 10, no. 5 (May 28, 2019): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2018.0176.
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γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), an amino acid not used in protein synthesis, intervenes in several physiological functions and has both diuretic and calming effects in humans. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains that produce GABA could be exploited for the manufacture of health-promoting GABA-enriched dairy products. In this study, 262 LAB strains isolated from traditional dairy products made from raw milk without starter cultures were screened for GABA production in culture media supplemented with 1% monosodium glutamate (MSG) using an enzymatic (GABase) method. About half of the strains (123) were found to be GABA producers. Of these, 24, among which were 16 Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and three Streptococcus thermophilus strains, produced >1 mM of GABA (range 1.01-2.81 mM) and were selected for further characterisation. GABA production was confirmed in most strains by culturing in 5 mM MSG followed by HPLC quantification. A majority of the strains were confirmed to be GABA producers by this method, although lower production levels were recorded. Using species-specific primers, the gene encoding glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) was PCR-amplified in all but one of the GABA producers analysed. Amplicons sequences were compared to one another and to those held in databases. Except for one Lactobacillus brevis strain, none of the 24 GABA producers investigated produced toxic biogenic amines, such as tyramine, histamine or cadaverine. They were therefore considered safe. Either alone, in mixtures, or in combination with industrial starter or adjunct cultures, these strains might be useful in the development of health-oriented dairy products.
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Xu, Qiwen, Hao Fu, Bo Zhu, Hafiz Athar Hussain, Kangping Zhang, Xiaoqing Tian, Meichun Duan, Xiaoyu Xie, and Longchang Wang. "Potassium Improves Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants by Affecting Root Morphology, Root Exudates, and Microbial Diversity." Metabolites 11, no. 3 (February 24, 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030131.
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Potassium (K) reduces the deleterious effects of drought stress on plants. However, this mitigation has been studied mainly in the aboveground plant pathways, while the effect of K on root-soil interactions in the underground part is still underexplored. Here, we conducted the experiments to investigate how K enhances plant resistance and tolerance to drought by controlling rhizosphere processes. Three culture methods (sand, water, and soil) evaluated two rapeseed cultivars’ root morphology, root exudates, soil nutrients, and microbial community structure under different K supply levels and water conditions to construct a defensive network of the underground part. We found that K supply increased the root length and density and the organic acids secretion. The organic acids were significantly associated with the available potassium decomposition, in order of formic acid > malonic acid > lactic acid > oxalic acid > citric acid. However, the mitigation had the hormesis effect, as the appropriate range of K facilitated the morphological characteristic and physiological function of the root system with increases of supply levels, while the excessive input of K could hinder the plant growth. The positive effect of K-fertilizer on soil pH, available phosphorus and available potassium content, and microbial diversity index was more significant under the water stress. The rhizosphere nutrients and pH further promoted the microbial community development by the structural equation modeling, while the non-rhizosphere nutrients had an indirect negative effect on microbes. In short, K application could alleviate drought stress on the growth and development of plants by regulating the morphology and secretion of roots and soil ecosystems.
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BUCHANAN, ROBERT L., and SHARON G. EDELSON. "pH-Dependent Stationary-Phase Acid Resistance Response of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in the Presence of Various Acidulants†." Journal of Food Protection 62, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-62.3.211.
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The effect of acidulant identity on the pH-dependent stationary-phase acid resistance response of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli was studied. Nine strains of E. coli (seven O157:H7, one O111:H-, and one biotype 1 reference strain) were cultured individually for 18 h at 37°C in tryptic soy broth (TSB) plus 1% dextrose and in TSB without dextrose to yield acid resistance induced and noninduced stationary-phase cells, respectively. These cultures were then inoculated into brain heart infusion broth (BHI) supplemented with 0.5% citric, malic, lactic, or acetic acid and adjusted to pH 3.0 with HCl. The BHI tubes were incubated at 37°C for up to 7 h and samples were removed after 0, 2, 5, and 7 h and plated for counting CFU on BHI agar and MacConkey agar (MA). The results were compared to data previously obtained with HCl only. Acid resistance varied substantially among the isolates, being dependent on the strain, the acidulant, and the induction of pH-dependent acid resistance. Hydrochloric acid was consistently the least damaging to cells; lactic acid was the most detrimental. The relative activity of the other acids was strain dependent. Inducing pH-dependent acid resistance increased the already substantial acid tolerance of stationary-phase E. coli. The extent of injury also varied with acid and strain, with as much as a 5-log-cycle differential between BHI agar and MA CFU counts. The accurate determination of the survival of enterohemorrhagic E. coli in acidic foods must take into account the biological variability of the microorganism with respect to its acid resistance and its ability to enhance survival through the induction of physiological stress responses.
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Wang, Yaming, and João F. Mano. "Effect of structural relaxation at physiological temperature on the mechanical property of poly(L-lactic acid) studied by microhardness measurements." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 100, no. 4 (2006): 2628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.22643.
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Staub, F., A. Baethmann, J. Peters, H. Weigt, and O. Kempski. "Effects of Lactacidosis on Glial Cell Volume and Viability." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 10, no. 6 (November 1990): 866–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1990.143.
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Effects of severe lactacidosis were analyzed in vitro by employment of C6 glioma cells and astrocytes from primary culture. The cells were suspended in a physiological medium, which was rendered acidotic by addition of lactic acid in rising concentrations. A pH range of 7.4–4.2 was studied under maintenance of isotonicity and a normal electrolyte concentration of the medium. Cell swelling was quantified by flow cytometry using an advanced Coulter system with hydrodynamic focusing. The method was also utilized for assessment of cell viability by exclusion of the fluorescent dye propidium iodide. The volume of C6 glioma cells was found to increase if the pH was titrated to pH 6.8 or below. From this level downward, the extent of cell swelling depended on the degree of acidosis and the duration of exposure. For example, lactacidosis of pH 6.2 for 60 min led to an increase in cell size to 124.5% of normal, while pH 5.0 or 4.2 led to a cell size of 151.1 or 190.9%, respectively. A comparative analysis of the acidosis-induced cell swelling was made by using sulfuric acid. Swelling of C6 glioma at a given pH was only half of what was found when using lactic acid. This indicates specific swelling-inducing properties of lactic acid, while cell viability was not differently affected by both acids. Of the C6 glioma cells, 89.1% were viable under control conditions at pH 7.4. The viability remained unchanged down to pH 6.2. At pH 5.6, viability remained normal for 30 min, but it decreased to 73.4% after 60 min. Further lowering of pH to 5.0 or 4.6 respectively, decreased the number of viable cells to 47.8 or 40.3%. At pH 4.2 only 21.1% of the cells were surviving 1 h of lactacidosis. Cell swelling from lactacidosis could be largely inhibited by replacement of Na+ and bicarbonate ions in the medium by choline chloride and N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine- N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid buffer, suggesting an involvement of the Na+/H+ and Cl−/HCO3− antiporters in the swelling process. Omission of Na+ and bicarbonate was, however, associated with reduced viability of the glial cells in acidosis. The swelling response of astrocytes obtained from primary culture was similar to that of C6 glioma. Lactic acid was also more effective in inducing cell swelling than sulfuric acid at the same level of acidosis. In astrocytes, viability at, e.g., pH 5.6 appeared to be more affected by lactic than by sulfuric acid. Taken together, the current results demonstrate different thresholds of acidosis, which are associated with either cell swelling or cell death. Cell swelling was induced from pH 6.8 downward, whereas cell viability started to decline at pH 5.6. Since increasing levels of acidosis were associated with an increasing degree of glial swelling, which resulted, at least in part, from an exchange of intracellular H+ ions against extracellular Na+ ions, the swelling response may be interpreted as a protective mechanism, which was activated to maintain or reestablish a normal intracellular pH, thereby mitigating cell damage from acidosis.
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Gür, Ercan, and Ilker Püren. "Acute Physiological Effects of Small-Sided Games Applied on the Hearing-Impaired National Team Soccer." Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, no. 3S (March 14, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i3s.4006.
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The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference between physiological responses to the small-sided games often applied during soccer trainings by changing the dimensions of the fields, the number of players, duration and the rules of the games. 16 sports people, who play soccer in Turkey Hearing- Impaired National soccer Team, having 31, 38±6,02 of age, 177,13±4,38 cms of height, 74,22±4,44 kgs of bodily weight, volunteered for this research. The subjects were made to play free games with the intervals of 2 days, in different periods of 4x4, in the fields of 36mx24m, in 24 minutes in total in the forms of 1x24, 2x12, 4x6 and 6x4. After each game, a rest period of two days, and between the sets, a rest period of 4 minutes was given. Through anthropometric measurements of the subjects, their lactic acid levels in blood and the number of heart beats after small-sided games were determined. Also the difficulty levels perceived were determined with BORG scale. The data were transferred to IBM SPSS statistics 22 program and the analyses were completed. Friedman test was used to have a look whether there was a difference between descriptive statistics and dependent groups for continuous variables.At the end of the small-sided games applied in different periods and repetitions, a statistical meaningfulness was determined in the comparison of the speed of the heartbeat of the subjects that participated in the study(P<0.001). While a meaningfulness was determined in the comparison of the lactic acid amounts that appeared in the subjects (P<0.01); there was no statistical meaningfulness in the comparison of the perceived difficulty level of the small-sided games played.
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Daliri, Eric Banan-Mwine, Fred Kwame Ofosu, Ramachandran Chelliah, Jong-Hak Kim, and Deog-Hwan Oh. "Development of a Soy Protein Hydrolysate with an Antihypertensive Effect." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 6 (March 25, 2019): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061496.
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In this study, we combined enzymatic hydrolysis and lactic acid fermentation to generate an antihypertensive product. Soybean protein isolates were first hydrolyzed by Prozyme and subsequently fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus EBD1. After fermentation, the in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the product (P-SPI) increased from 60.8 ± 2.0 % to 88.24 ± 3.2 %, while captopril (a positive control) had an inhibitory activity of 94.20 ± 5.4 %. Mass spectrometry revealed the presence of three potent and abundant ACE inhibitory peptides, PPNNNPASPSFSSSS, GPKALPII, and IIRCTGC in P-SPI. Hydrolyzing P-SPI with gastrointestinal proteases did not significantly affect its ACE inhibitory ability. Also, oral administration of P-SPI (200 mg/kg body weight) to spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) for 6 weeks significantly lowered systolic blood pressure (−19 ± 4 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and controlled body weight gain relative to control SHRs that were fed with physiological saline. Overall, P-SPI could be used as an antihypertensive functional food.
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Bermúdez-Humarán, Luis G., Sébastien Nouaille, Vladimir Zilberfarb, Gérard Corthier, Alexandra Gruss, Philippe Langella, and Tarik Issad. "Effects of Intranasal Administration of a Leptin-Secreting Lactococcus lactis Recombinant on Food Intake, Body Weight, and Immune Response of Mice." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 16 (June 29, 2007): 5300–5307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00295-07.
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ABSTRACT Leptin is an adipocyte-derived pleiotropic hormone that modulates a large number of physiological functions, including control of body weight and regulation of the immune system. In this work, we show that a recombinant strain of the food-grade lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis (LL-lep) can produce and efficiently secrete human leptin. The secreted leptin is a fully biologically active hormone, as demonstrated by its capacity to stimulate a STAT3 reporter gene in HEK293 cells transfected with the Ob-Rb leptin receptor. The immunomodulatory activity of leptin-secreting L. lactis was evaluated in vivo by coexpression with the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein. In C57BL/6 mice immunized intranasally with a recombinant L. lactis strain coproducing leptin and E7 antigen, the adaptive immune response was significantly higher than in mice immunized with recombinant L. lactis producing only E7 antigen, demonstrating adjuvanticity of leptin. We then analyzed the effects of intranasally administered LL-lep in obese ob/ob mice. We observed that daily administration of LL-lep to these mice significantly reduced body weight gain and food intake. These results demonstrate that leptin can be produced and secreted in an active form by L. lactis and that leptin-producing L. lactis regulates in vivo antigen-specific immune responses, as well as body weight and food consumption.
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Mukhammadiev, Rishat S., Rinat S. Mukhammadiev, Anna M. Tremasova, and Lenar R. Valiullin. "In vivo study of the general toxic properties of a probiotic preparation based on lactic and propionic acid microorganisms." Butlerov Communications 64, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-64-12-11.
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In this paper, the study of general toxic properties of probiotic preparation based on lactic and propionic acid microorganisms was carried out. Establishment of class of acute toxicity of studied liquid form of the drug was based on fundamental document OECD 423 "Acute Toxic Class Method" (2001). In the study of acute toxicity, the physiological state, growth rate, morbidity and safety, changes in the parenchymal organs of laboratory animals were assessed. The results of determining the acute toxicity of probiotic preparation showed that a single oral administration of it in various doses did not lead to the death of animals during the experimental period, all the main indicators of their vital activity were within the physiological norm and did not differ from the control. The condition of all groups of animals remained satisfactory, no violations of the functional activity of the digestive and urinary systems were revealed. Body temperature, respiration and heart rate of the animals were within normal limits. Shown 100% safety of animals, no toxic signs at 1000-fold increase in the dose of the liquid form of probiotic were not observed. The study of the irritating effect of the drug was carried out on the mucous membrane of the right eye of animals, applying one drop of the sample under the upper eyelid, on the anterior segment of the eye. Consideration of the possible reaction of the mucous membrane of the experimental eye, eyelid and cornea was carried out 15 minutes (fast reaction) after exposure to the drug suspension and after 24, 48 hours of observation (delayed-type hypersensitivity). Evaluation of the effect of the probiotic drug on the conjunctiva showed that the suspension of strains of microorganisms does not cause irritation, both immediately after instillation and throughout the entire study period.
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BUSH, ROY S. "EFFECT OF AGE AND DIET ON IN VITRO METABOLISM IN RUMEN EPITHELIUM FROM HOLSTEIN CALVES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 4 (December 1, 1988): 1245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-139.
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Fresh rumen epithelial tissue was collected from calves slaughtered at 3, 12, 19, 30 and 60 d of age. These calves were fed milk until 28 d of age and had received starter and hay after 10 d of age. Samples also were collected at 30 and 60 d of age from calves fed only milk. Epithelial tissue was incubated with combinations of volatile fatty acids and sources of ammonia to measure some of the metabolic end products as indicators of metabolism and physiological development. Ketone bodies were the major product of volatile fatty acid metabolism by epithelial tissue under these incubation conditions. By 60 d of age, the weaned calves were producing ketones at rates similar to those reported previously for mature tissue and at approximately 40% of the mature rate at 30 d of age. At 60 d of age, milk-fed calves were producing ketones at 10–15% of mature levels. Very young and milk-fed calves appeared to produce more lactic acid than did older calves that were weaned onto dry feeds. There was no net glucose production, however, there was some accumulation of glucose in the incubations of epithelium from calves at 19 d of age. This may be related to a shift in epithelial metabolism occurring at this age. Key words: Rumen epithelium, metabolism, ketogenesis, milk-fed calf
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Palamutoğlu, Recep, and Cemal Kasnak. "Fermente Et Ürünleri Üretiminde Probiyotik Kullanımı." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 2, no. 5 (May 22, 2014): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v2i5.208-213.106.
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In spite of a negative judgements among consumers about meat and meat products, in human nutrition meat and meat products are important for nutrient components which they contain essential nutrients. Intensively produced fermented meat product such as sucuk in our country and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used for production of various fermented sausages all over the world. LAB primarily used in order to increase the food safety of such products. LAB with probiotic properties have effect on product taste, flavour and aroma as well as the positive effects on functional and physiological properties. Positive effects of probiotics in human health and product properties in the absence of any adverse effects various cultures have been used for the production of probiotic fermented meat products. In the production of such products prepared dough which have meat and fat in the matrix form a suitable vehicle for probiotic cells. During production of products formation of lactic acid reduced the pH, during ripening conditions water activity reduced so these factors adversely affect viability of probiotic cells. For this reason protecting probiotic cultures from negative effects during exposure in the product and vitality of cells in human gastro-intestinal system to continue operating for consumption to be provided during the order process the cells are coated with microencapsuation. The use of probiotic microorganisms isolated from various foods is being investigated for the production of sausages. Studies on the effects of probiotics on human health of meat products are also needed. In this study the probiotic microorganisms used in the production of probiotic fermented sausages were investigated.
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McGaw, I. J., D. L. Curtis, J. D. Ede, K. J. Ong, F. van Breukelen, and G. G. Goss. "Physiological responses of postprandial red rock crabs (Cancer productus) during emersion." Canadian Journal of Zoology 87, no. 12 (December 2009): 1158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z09-106.
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The physiological responses of unfed and postprandial red rock crabs ( Cancer productus J.W. Randal, 1840) were investigated during periods of emersion. During aerial exposure, oxygen uptake quickly fell to very low levels and was no longer detectable in the haemolymph after 12 h. The resulting anaerobic respiration led to a build up in lactic acid and the resulting acidosis was more pronounced in the postprandial crabs. There was also a concomitant rise in PCO2 and CCO2, and in both cases these were higher in postprandial animals. Higher ammonia levels in postprandial crabs showed that cellular activities were still proceeding anaerobically, suggesting that although crabs can delay mechanical digestion during emersion, once intracellular digestion occurs they may be committed to these processes. Increased mortality rates of postprandial animals were probably due to a combination of the high lactate and CO2 levels coupled with an increased ammonia concentration. For C. productus stranded in the intertidal zone there may be little effect of feeding, as they are only exposed for short periods and recovery occurs during re-immersion. The crabs are more likely to become moribund and death ensue during longer term exposure such as commercial live shipment.
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SAUCIER, L., M. JULIEN, F. CHEÓUR, R. LETARTE, and J. GOULET. "Effect of Feeding Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Milk on Specific and Nonspecific Immune Reponses of Mice Infected With Klebsiella pneumoniae AD-1." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.8.595.
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The diets of six groups of weaned mice were supplemented with ultra high temperature (UHT) milk containing a washed suspension of lactic acid bacteria (mixture of 8 strains) or with UHT milk fermented by the same strains and heat-treated or not. Control groups received physiological saline or UHT milk only. The mice were infected intranasally by Klebsiella pneumoniae AD-1 on the 13th d of feeding. The effect on the immune system (specific and nonspecific) before and after infection was evaluated by measuring the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages (using zymosan particles) and by measuring of total immunoglobulin G and A levels in serum and in pulmonary fluid (using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method). Postinfection survival was 0.7 d longer for mice receiving fermented milk than for the saline control group. The percent phagocytosis did not vary significantly, while serum immunoglobulin G levels differed between mice fed fermented milk and those fed bacterial suspensions in unfermented milk. Fermentation appears to be essential for the beneficial effects on the immune system and survival time; this effect no longer occurs after pasteurization of fermented milk.
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Fu, Xu-huang, Cheng-zhen Chen, Sheng Li, Dong-xu Han, Yi-jie Wang, Bao Yuan, Yan Gao, Jia-bao Zhang, and Hao Jiang. "Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 regulates cell cycle progression and apoptosis in cumulus cells by affecting mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and autophagy." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 317, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): C1183—C1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00012.2019.
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Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 ( DUSP1) is differentially expressed in cumulus cells of different physiological states, but its specific function and mechanism of action remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of DUSP1 expression inhibition on cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, and lactate and cholesterol levels in cumulus cells and examined reactive oxygen species levels, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and the expression of key cytokine genes. The results showed that inhibition of DUSP1 in cumulus cells caused abnormal cell cycle progression, increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis rates, increased cholesterol synthesis and lactic acid content, and increased cell expansion. The main reason for these effects was that inhibition of DUSP1 reduced ROS accumulation, increased glutathione level and mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced autophagy levels in cells. These results indicate that DUSP1 limits the biological function of bovine cumulus cells under normal physiological conditions and will greatly contribute to further explorations of the physiological functions of cumulus cells and the interactions of the cumulus-oocyte complex.
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Huang, Wen-Ching, Mon-Chien Lee, Chia-Chia Lee, Ker-Sin Ng, Yi-Ju Hsu, Tsung-Yu Tsai, San-Land Young, Jin-Seng Lin, and Chi-Chang Huang. "Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 on Exercise Physiological Adaptation, Performance, and Body Composition in Healthy Humans." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 19, 2019): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112836.
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Probiotics have been rapidly developed for health promotion, but clinical validation of the effects on exercise physiology has been limited. In a previous study, Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 (TWK10), isolated from Taiwanese pickled cabbage as a probiotic, was demonstrated to improve exercise performance in an animal model. Thus, in the current study, we attempted to further validate the physiological function and benefits through clinical trials for the purpose of translational research. The study was designed as a double-blind placebo-controlled experiment. A total of 54 healthy participants (27 men and 27 women) aged 20–30 years without professional athletic training were enrolled and randomly allocated to the placebo, low (3 × 1010 colony forming units (CFU)), and high dose (9 × 1010 CFU) TWK10 administration groups (n = 18 per group, with equal sexes). The functional and physiological assessments were conducted by exhaustive treadmill exercise measurements (85% VO2max), and related biochemical indices were measured before and after six weeks of administration. Fatigue-associated indices, including lactic acid, blood ammonia, blood glucose, and creatinine kinase, were continuously monitored during 30 min of exercise and a 90 min rest period using fixed intensity exercise challenges (60% VO2max) to understand the physiological adaptation. The systemic inflammation and body compositions were also acquired and analyzed during the experimental process. The results showed that TWK10 significantly elevated the exercise performance in a dose-dependent manner and improved the fatigue-associated features correlated with better physiological adaptation. The change in body composition shifted in the healthy direction for TWK10 administration groups, especially for the high TWK10 dose group, which showed that body fat significantly decreased and muscle mass significantly increased. Taken together, our results suggest that TWK10 has the potential to be an ergogenic aid to improve aerobic endurance performance via physiological adaptation effects.
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Inagaki, Y., T. Miyazaki, and I. Amano. "Peritoneal dialysis as therapy for electrolyte and acid base disorders." International Journal of Artificial Organs 12, no. 10 (October 1989): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139888901201006.
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) does not demand special equipment and its fluid composition can be easily changed according to the individual condition. Nine patients with chronic or acute renal failure presented severe metabolic alkalosis (MA). Hemodialysis (HD) proved virtually ineffective and the MA persisted. Physiological saline solution was adopted as the main component of the PD fluid for the treament of MA. By this method, CI– can be shifted from PD fluid to extracellular fluid (ECF) and HCO3– from ECF to PD fluid by ionic gradient. Therefore, pH and base excess (BE) of these patients both improved to the normal range after several fluid exchanges. The lowering effect of BE (ΔBE/L) ranged from 0.99 to 2.6. Hyposaline and normo-osmol solution (Na+ 70 mEq/L) were used for one patient with hypernatremia and consciousness disturbance. Serum (S)-Na decreased from 170 to 138 mEq/L, and consciousness became almost clear with the use of 15 L of PD fluid. Hypersaline solution (Na+ 190 mEq/L) was used for two patients with hyponatremia (S-Na 113 and 121 mEq/L). S-Na rose to within the normal range after 16 and 9 L in the two cases. A fluid mixed with distilled water, 10% NaCl and 7% NaHCO3 (HCO3– 34 - 68 mEq/L) was used to treat lactic acidosis in two patients. By this method, HCO3– can be shifted from PD fluid to ECF and lactic acid from ECF to PD fluid. Two patients recovered from prolonged shock, and pH was corrected by 10 L and 4 L, respectively. PD should be considered for application in other diseases besides renal failure.
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Daly, Charles, and Ruth Davis. "The biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria with emphasis on applications in food safety and human health." Agricultural and Food Science 7, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72862.
Full textAbstract:
Fermentation of various foodstuffs by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one of the oldest forms of biopreservation practised by mankind. In recent years, significant advances have been made in elucidating the genetic and physiological basis of key LAB traits involved in these industrially significant processes. One important attribute of many LAB is their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds called bacteriocins. Interest in these compounds has grown substantially due to their potential usefulness as natural substitutes for chemical food preservatives in the production of foods with enhanced shelflife and/or safety. There is growing consumer awareness of the link between diet and health. Recent scientific evidence supports the role of probiotic LAB in mediating many positive health effects. In addition, some LAB are currently being assessed for their ability to act as live delivery vectors in the development of new oral vaccines.
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Nursyirwani, Nursyirwani, Valentina Dian BP, and Irwan Effendi. "LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM CINCALUK AND THE ACTIVITY AGAINST Vibrio alginolyticus AND Aeromonas hydrophila." Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.1.1.35-39.
Full textAbstract:
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been applied as probiotic mainly to prevent pathogens. This group of bacteria can be found in marine fish products including fermented, shrimp product, cincaluk. The objective of this research was to isolate LAB from cincaluk, and examined the activity against pathogen V. alginolyticus and A. hydrophila. The research was conducted on March-Juny, total of 12 isolates were obtained from cincaluk survey method. The result of research showed that all isolates round, creamy white, smooth-edged, raised surface, and the size is 1.0 to 3.0 mm. The physiological and biochemical test showed that get all isolates had a Gram-positive, catalase positive and are indole negative, 10 isolates were motile, as many as five isolates have citric positive, 10 isolates is Methyl Red (+), all isolates ferment sucrose and lactose, while only 9 isolates ferment glucose, and as much as 6 isolates that produce sulfide. All isolates were found to have inhibitory effects against bacteria V. alginolyticus and A. hydrophila. The highest antimicrobial activity is indicated by B isolates with an average diameter of 12.3 mm and inhibition zone antivibrio activity of 6.3 units. Isolates B with an average diameter of inhibition zone of 9.7 mm and 3.7 units antiaeromonas activity.
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PAGGI, R. A., J. P. FAY, and C. FAVERIN. "In vitro ruminal digestibility of oat hay and cellulolytic activity in the presence of increasing concentrations of short-chain acids and glycerol." Journal of Agricultural Science 142, no. 1 (February 2004): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859604003958.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of acetic, propionic, butyric and lactic acids (short-chain acids), and of glycerol, on the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of oat hay, and on cellulolysis by a protein extract of rumen fluid were studied. The objective was to gain information on the impact of increasing the concentrations of those compounds in the medium on degradative activities carried out by rumen microorganisms. Short-chain acids were assayed as sodium salts and, for all compounds, the concentrations were 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM. The volatile fatty acids (VFA: acetic, propionic and butyric acids) were tested separately or in two mixtures A and B that contained different proportions of each VFA. The IVDMD was assayed according to a modified Tilley & Terry (1963) technique while cellulolysis was assessed by the hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in 1-h incubations at 39 °C. Parallel incubations with NaCl were utilized as controls for ionic strength and osmolarity changes in the incubation medium. Increases of 100–300 mM of short-chain acids decreased IVDMD between 7 and 39%. The inhibitions produced by increases of 200 and 300 mM of acetic acid were smaller than those caused by the same concentrations of either butyric or lactic acids. Increases of 100, 200 and 300 mM of glycerol reduced by 8–15% the IVDMD, and the inhibitions produced by increments of 200 and 300 mM of this compound were smaller than the ones elicited by the short-chain acids, with the exception of 200 mM of acetic acid that did not differ. The IVDMD was inhibited by NaCl only when concentrations were increased by 200 (12%) and 300 mM (26%). The degradation of CMC was reduced by 7–20% by 200 and 300 mM increases of the short-chain acids or glycerol, the exception being lactic acid that had no effect. One hundred mM increases of acetic and butyric acids inhibited the CMC degradation by 7 and 9%, respectively, whereas only butyric acid was inhibitory (7%) at 50 mM. Greater concentration increases of both VFA mixtures A and B than of the individual VFA were necessary to inhibit the hydrolysis of CMC. Cellulolytic activity was decreased 6 and 9% by increases of 200 and 300 mM of NaCl, respectively, and these drops of activity were smaller than those obtained with increases in any of the other compounds. Since osmolarity and/or ionic strength changes in the medium cannot completely account for the observed inhibitions of IVDMD and cellulolysis, it is suggested that glycerol and the anions of short-chain acids produce changes in the reaction media polarity that contribute to the inhibitory effects observed. Alterations in the media could also bring about conformational changes in the degradative enzymes leading to reduced rates of reaction and subsequent decreases in IVDMD and cellulolysis. Since most of the effects were observed with concentration increases that were larger than the physiological concentrations in the rumen, it is suggested that the compounds tested have little impact in vivo on the ruminal degradative activities that were evaluated.
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Carey, Christine M., and Magdalena Kostrzynska. "Lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria attenuate the proinflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 59, no. 1 (January 2013): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2012-0446.
Full textAbstract:
Inflammation is a physiological response to infections and tissue injury; however, abnormal immune responses can give rise to chronic inflammation and contribute to disease progression. Various dietary components, including probiotic lactic acid bacteria and prebiotics, have the potential to modulate intestinal inflammatory responses. One factor in particular, the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8, CXCL-8), is one of the major mediators of the inflammatory response. The purpose of this study was to investigate modulation of the inflammatory host response induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 in the presence of selected probiotics and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from human sources, dairy products, and farm animals. IL-8 gene expression and protein production in HT-29 cells were evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Pre-incubation of HT-29 cells with Lactobacillus kefir IM002, Bifidobacterium adolescentis FRP 61, Bifidobacterium longum FRP 68 and FRP 69, Bifidobacterium breve FRP 334, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides IM080 significantly inhibited IL-8 secretion induced by Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Co-culture of selected probiotics and Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 reduced IL-8 production, while potential probiotics and LAB had no effect on IL-8 secretion in HT-29 cells preincubated with Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 prior to adding probiotics. Lactobacillus kefir IM002 supernatant also significantly reduced IL-8 production. In conclusion, our study suggests that probiotic bifidobacteria and LAB modulate cytokine induction and possess anti-inflammatory properties; however, the effectiveness is strain dependent.
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McMullen, John G., Grace Peters-Schulze, Jingwei Cai, Andrew D. Patterson, and Angela E. Douglas. "How gut microbiome interactions affect nutritional traits of Drosophila melanogaster." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): jeb227843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.227843.
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ABSTRACTMost research on the impact of the gut microbiome on animal nutrition is designed to identify the effects of single microbial taxa and single metabolites of microbial origin, without considering the potentially complex network of interactions among co-occurring microorganisms. Here, we investigated how different microbial associations and their fermentation products affect host nutrition, using Drosophila melanogaster colonized with three gut microorganisms (the bacteria Acetobacter fabarum and Lactobacillus brevis, and the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum) in all seven possible combinations. Some microbial effects on host traits could be attributed to single taxa (e.g. yeast-mediated reduction of insect development time), while other effects were sex specific and driven by among-microbe interactions (e.g. male lipid content determined by interactions between the yeast and both bacteria). Parallel analysis of nutritional indices of microbe-free flies administered different microbial fermentation products (acetic acid, acetoin, ethanol and lactic acid) revealed a single consistent effect: that the lipid content of both male and female flies is reduced by acetic acid. This effect was recapitulated in male flies colonized with both yeast and A. fabarum, but not for any microbial treatment in females or males with other microbial complements. These data suggest that the effect of microbial fermentation products on host nutritional status is strongly context dependent, with respect to both the combination of associated microorganisms and host sex. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that among-microbe interactions can play a critically important role in determining the physiological outcome of host–microbiome interactions in Drosophila and, likely, in other animal hosts.
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Yudiarti, T., E. Widiastuti, H. I. Wahyuni, and Y. B. Pramono. "Effect of Fermented used rice as a functional feed on biochemical and haematological parameters, microbial population, internal organ weight and performance of broilers." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 45, no. 4 (August 19, 2020): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.45.4.320-327.
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The study aimed to evaluate effect of the used rice fermented using Chrysonillia crassa as a functional feed on biochemical and haematological parameters, microbial populations, internal organ weight and performance of broilers. The study used one hundred and fifty unsexed one-day-old chicks with average body weight of 48.30 ± 4.13g. At day 1 to 7, the chicks were given commercial feed. On day 8 onward, the chickens were randomized distributed to one of three experimental diets of 50 chicks each. The chicks were given formulated diet containing fermented used rice based-functional feed (FF). Drinking water was provided ad libitum. The study used completely randomized design with three experimental diets : T0 (diet without FF), T1 (diet contained 5% FF), and T2 (diet contained 10% FF). The chicken fed the used rice fermented increased in cholesterol, high density lipoprotein status, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, lactic acid bacteria, heart weight. and decreased in mean corpuscular volume, E.coli, jejunum weight, but no affect on body weight gain, feed convertion ratio and feed comsumption. In conclusion that the fermented used rice improved the physiological conditions,intestinal bacterial population and had no detrimental effect on performance of broiler.
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Li, Junrong, Shanli Zhu, Zengpeng Lv, Hongjian Dai, Zhe Wang, Quanwei Wei, Enayatullah Hamdard, Sheeraz Mustafa, Fangxiong Shi, and Yan Fu. "Drinking Water with Saccharin Sodium Alters the Microbiota-Gut-Hypothalamus Axis in Guinea Pig." Animals 11, no. 7 (June 23, 2021): 1875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071875.
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The effects of saccharin, as a type of sweetener additive, on the metabolism and development of mammals are still controversial. Our previous research revealed that saccharin sodium (SS) promoted the feed intake and growth of guinea pigs. In this experiment, we used the guinea pig model to study the physiological effect of SS in the microbiota-gut-hypothalamus axis. Adding 1.5 mM SS to drinking water increased the serum level of glucose, followed by the improvement in the morphology and barrier function of the ileal villus, such as SS supplementation which increased the villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio. Saccharin sodium (SS) treatment activated the sweet receptor signaling in the ileum and altered GHRP hormone secretion. In the hypothalamus of SS and control (CN) group, RNA-seq identified 1370 differently expressed genes (796 upregulated, 574 downregulated), enriching into the taste signaling transduction, and neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction. LEfSe analysis suggested that Lactobacillaceae-Lactobacillus was the microbe with significantly increased abundance of ileum microorganisms in the SS-treated group, while Brevinema-Andersonii and Erysipelotrichaceae-Ilebacterium were the microbes with significantly increased abundance of the control. Furthermore, SS treatment significantly enhanced the functions of chemoheterotrophy and fermentation of ileal microflora compared to the CN group. Accordingly, SS treatment increased levels of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid and N-valeric acid) in the ileal digesta. In summary, drinking water with 1.5 mM SS activated sweet receptor signaling in the gut and altered GHRP hormone secretion, followed by the taste signaling transduction in the hypothalamus.
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Zhang, Huan, Jianhang Xu, Qian Chen, Hui Wang, and Baohua Kong. "Physiological, Morphological and Antioxidant Responses of Pediococcus pentosaceus R1 and Lactobacillus fermentum R6 Isolated from Harbin Dry Sausages to Oxidative Stress." Foods 10, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061203.
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As functional starter cultures and potential probiotics, the ability of lactic acid bacteria to resist oxidative stress is essential to maintain viability and functional properties. This study investigates the effects of H2O2 at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3 mM) on the physiological, morphological, and antioxidant properties of Pediococcus pentosaceus R1 and Lactobacillus fermentum R6 isolated from Harbin dry sausages. The increase in H2O2 concentration induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species and a decrease in intracellular ATP levels (p < 0.05). Based on scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electric conductivity analysis, H2O2 stress caused cell deformation, the destruction of cell membrane integrity, partial loss of the cytoplasm, and an increase in the cell conductivity of both strains. H2O2 stress with 1 mM or 2 mM concentrations could effectively improve the scavenging rates of free radicals, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide, and the total antioxidant capacity of both strains (p < 0.05). In conclusion, an appropriate oxidative stress contributed to the activation of the antioxidant defense system of both strains, conferred strains a better effect in inhibiting the oxidation of fermented foods, and improved the health of the host.