Journal articles on the topic 'Lactation room'
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Ningsih, Yani Sri, Chrismis Novalinda Ginting, Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution, Mangatas Silaen, and Putranto Manalu. "The Utilization of Lactation Rooms by Health Workers in Medan City." Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia 18, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v18i1.18770.
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Exclusive breastfeeding for infants with working mothers still becomes a significant problem. The provision of on-site lactation rooms has not substantially impacted the utilization of lactation rooms. This study analyzes the factors that influence the utilization of breastfeeding rooms by health workers in all public health centers in Medan City. This study is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design. The study involved 78 health workers who breastfed children under two years old. The determination of the sample used the total sampling technique. The results show knowledge (0.000), attitudes (0.002), practice (0.008), support from health workers (0.000), the availability of lactation rooms (0.000), and formula feeding (0.000) affect the utilization of breastfeeding rooms. The regression test results show that knowledge is the most influential factor in the utilization of the lactation room. Respondents with good knowledge have 9.477 times more opportunities to use the lactation room than respondents with poor knowledge. It can be concluded that the use of lactation rooms is influenced by factors such as knowledge, attitudes, practice, support from health workers, availability of lactation rooms, and formula feeding. It is recommended for local governments to provide adequate and comfortable facilities at each institution's offices to increase the utilization of breastfeeding rooms. The provision of a comfortable lactation room has implications for the mother's willingness to use the lactation room. However, it becomes difficult to realize without the support of colleagues.
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Apple, Rachel, Paula Marincola Smith, Patricia Craft, Christianne Roumie, and Kyla Terhune. "Assessing Utilization, Benefits, and Shortfalls of Lactation Resources for Physician Trainees and Other Healthcare Providers." Clinical Lactation 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/clinlact-d-20-00031.
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ObjectiveThere is a need to support healthcare providers, including physician-mothers at all training levels, related to breastfeeding and expressing breast milk. This study was designed to understand the attitudes and preferences of lactating employees regarding current lactation resources at an academic medical center.MethodsCross-sectional survey. Respondents reported their satisfaction with current lactation resources on scale of 0 [complete dissatisfaction] to 100 [complete satisfaction]. Respondents were asked to identify greatest priorities for improvements to existing lactation spaces.Results304 (34.2%) respondents, of whom 69.3% anticipated using a lactation room in the next 5 years. Satisfaction with the current status of lactation rooms was low (mean score 37.8; SD 25.3). Accessible and proximal lactation spaces were highest priorities. More than 50% of respondents indicated daily use of a “nontraditional” lactation space.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the current state of healthcare providers' lactation-related experiences and highlights priorities for improvement, particularly provision of adequate lactation spaces.
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Taft, Diana H., Samir Akre, Nicolas Madrid, Andre Knoesen, David A. Mills, and Zachery T. Lewis. "Resident microbes of lactation rooms and daycares." PeerJ 7 (December 13, 2019): e8168. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8168.
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Dedicated lactation rooms are a modern development as mothers return to work while still providing breastmilk to their absent infants. This study describes the built environment microbiome of lactation rooms and daycares, and explores the influence of temperature and humidity on the microbiome of lactation rooms. Sterile swabs were used to collect samples from five different sites in lactation rooms at University of California, Davis and from five different sites in daycares located in Davis, California. DNA from the swabs was extracted and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Temperature and relative humidity data were collected on a subset of the lactation rooms. Sampled lactation rooms could be either dedicated lactation rooms or could also serve other functions (e.g., combined lactation room and restroom lounge). The majority of sequence reads were identified as belonging to family Moraxellaceae, with 73% of all reads included in analysis identified as an unknown species of Acinetobacter. Alpha diversity was analyzed using the Shannon index, while beta diversity was analyzed using unweighted and weighted UniFrac distance. The Jaccard distance was used to measure amount of change at sampling locations between time points for analysis of the impact of temperature and humidity on the microbiome. There were significant differences in the beta diversity of the microbiome of lactation rooms by room type. There were also significant differences in the beta diversity of the microbiome by sample collection location. There were no significant differences in either alpha or beta diversity associated with room temperature or humidity. Additional studies are needed to understand if the differences in lactation room type may result in differences in the breastmilk microbiome of milk collected in those rooms, and to what extent any such differences may influence the infant microbiome.
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Badriyah, Siti, and I. Nyoman Suyasa. "THE INTERIOR DESIGN STUDY OF A LACTATION ROOM AT REGIONAL HOSPITALS OF SURAKARTA INDONESIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ERGONOMICS AND REGULATORY STANDARDS." Pendhapa 11, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/pendhapa.v11i1.3606.
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A lactation room is a vital facility used to support the smooth running of activities in public spaces for women, especially for nursing mothers. The lactation room is usually used by mothers to breastfeed their children privately in public spaces. This study aims to determine the ergonomics and standards of lactation rooms in public facilities in Surakarta-Indonesia. This study was used to determine whether nursing mothers experience difficulties, easiness, or convenience when using these facilities. Ergonomic measurement is essential to see whether the object follows the users' dimensions, especially mothers and their babies. The object of this research is the lactation rooms located in several general hospitals in Surakarta. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach supported by quantitative data, or in other words, a dual research strategy, which is the use of multiple methods in solving a research problem. The quantitative here use numerical data, which results from field measurements, then compared with referred references, resource persons, and analyzed based on the researchers' interpretation. This research's results were in lactation rooms in terms of ergonomics/anthropometry and lactation room standards. Moreover, this also serves as an input to stakeholders to provide good public facilities following ergonomic lactation rooms to function optimally. These beginner research results are also expected to enrich learning sources related to Ergonomics, Interior Design, and Furniture in Interior Design Study Program ISI Surakarta.
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Barasinski, Chloé, Marina Stankovic, Anne Debost-Legrand, Amélie Delabaere, Françoise Vendittelli, and Frédéric Dutheil. "Workplace Lactation Support: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital and a Perinatal Network." Nutrients 14, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 3463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14173463.
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Return to work negatively affects the initiation and duration of breastfeeding. Our study’s objective was to assess the percentage of departments in Auvergne with an appropriate space for pumping milk at work. Our cross-sectional survey investigated the arrangements for facilitating the continuation of breastfeeding on return to work at all departments at the Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital Center and perinatal (obstetric and pediatric) departments in this region. Our principal endpoint was the percentage of departments reporting that they had a lactation room—a room where nursing mothers can express milk—and whether it met the criteria defined by the French Labor Code. Among 98 respondents, 44 departments (44.9%) did not offer lactation rooms; of the remaining 54 departments, only 11 rooms met the legal requirements. All perinatal departments offered lactation rooms. The availability of a lactation room was associated with other breastfeeding support, such as a break period for expressing milk (p < 0.0001) and the availability of a refrigerator to store it (p = 0.01). Almost half the responding departments did not offer a lactation room where mothers could breastfeed or pump their milk. Measures must be envisioned to facilitate the pumping of breast milk by French women returning to work.
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Malapati, Sindhu Janarthanam, Sunny R. K. Singh, Dame Idossa, Ximena Jordan Bruno, Fumiko Chino, Monica Arun Patel, Zihan Wei, and Narjust Duma. "Where is your lactation room? Lactation policies and practices in oncology trainee and early career physicians." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 11054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.11054.
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11054 Background: Training and early career years coincide with childbearing and raising young families, which places increased demands on new parents. With increasing numbers of female oncologists in the workforce, there is a need to assess and amend current workplace lactation policies. We surveyed Medical and Radiation Oncology trainees and early career faculty to assess policies and practices regarding lactation during training and early career. Methods: An anonymous 48 question cross-sectional survey developed by researchers with expertise in gender equity was distributed via email and social media channels between May and June 2021 to oncology trainees and physicians within 5 years of terminal training; program directors (PDs) were surveyed separately. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: Of the 255 complete responses, 26% (65) respondents breastfed for any length of time upon return to work. Of these, 54% (35) were trainees and 46% (30) early career faculty. 69% (45) had access to a designated lactation room; however, 57% (37) noted that duration of their pumping breaks was inadequate to access and use the lactation room. Most (60%, 39) did not feel comfortable asking for protected time to pump. Employment contracts did not specifically include pumping breaks for 66% (43), while 34% (22) were unsure about their contract policies surrounding lactation. Of all breastfeeding mothers, 77% (50) felt their colleagues to be supportive of their needs; a minority reported negative responses due to pumping breaks from faculty (11%), co-fellows/colleagues (8%) and clinic staff (15%). 51% (33) bought a wearable pump prior to return to work, of which 70% (23) found it financially burdensome. Most common reasons for buying a wearable pump were to improve efficiency during work hours (61%, 20) and lack of adequate pumping breaks (39%, 13). Among 23 PDs who responded to the survey, 65% (15) had a program policy regarding lactating trainees, 9% (2) blocked clinic appointments to allow pumping breaks, 91% (21) provided lactation rooms, 83% (19) reported the lactation rooms are easily accessible. Conclusions: Both infrastructure and time accommodations made for the lactating parent are inadequate. There is a disconnect between the trainee and PDs’ perception of provided accommodations. Systemic changes that provide adequate time and space for lactation to busy clinicians and trainees is imperative to ensure retention of women oncologists in the workforce.
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Muhammad Roslan, Aresha Suraya, Puteri Mayang Bahjah Zaharin, and Fellicia Amanda. "Identifying Workplace Lactation Room Design Gaps." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 7, no. 19 (March 31, 2022): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3126.
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Exclusive breastfeeding among employed mothers in Malaysia remains low despite numerous health benefits to mothers and children. Inadequate provision of a lactation room at the workplace contributed to the low rate of exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers. The objective of this paper is to identify the design gaps in the lactation room at the workplace in Selangor. The results suggest that adopting the first step of the user-centred design (UCD) method enables the identification of design gaps in the lactation room: location, room size, allocation of table and chair, milk storage, sink, and additional storage facilities. Keywords: breastfeeding, working mothers, lactation room, user-centred design eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3126
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Creo, Ana L., Heather N. Anderson, and Jason H. Homme. "Productive Pumping: A Pilot Study to Help Postpartum Residents Increase Clinical Time." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 223–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-17-00501.1.
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ABSTRACT Background Many female residents choose to start families during training, and they want to breastfeed their infants. Continuing lactation while balancing service and education demands can be challenging. Objective We hypothesized that the presence of a dedicated and fully equipped lactation room with a hospital-grade pump (HGP) would increase ease and efficiency of lactation during residency. Methods A quiet HGP was purchased for resident use, and it was stored in a designated room with a computer, telephone, and dictation system. Lactating residents provided information about pumping time and production using their own portable double electric pump (PP) versus the HGP based on the first pump of the morning (for consistency), averaged over the first month back from maternity leave. Results Among 6 residents, lactation time with PP averaged 24 minutes (range, 15–40 minutes) versus 15.5 minutes with HGP (range, 10–32 minutes). Use of the HGP reduced total pumping time by 8.5 minutes (95% confidence interval 3.8–12.2, P = .045). Production volume increased from 6 ounces (range, 3.5–8.5 ounces) with PP to 8.8 ounces (range, 8–11 ounces) with HGP, for a mean increase of 2.8 ounces (95% confidence interval 1.2–4.3, P = .06) despite decreased lactation time. Conclusions In our pilot, an HGP significantly decreased lactation time, while increasing expressed milk volume. Residents completed clinical and educational tasks while pumping. Providing an HGP and equipped lactation space helped residents continue breastfeeding and decreased the burden of lactation on patient care and educational tasks.
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López-Tarruella, Juan, Carmen Llinares Millán, Juan Serra Lluch, Susana Iñarra Abad, and Helle Wijk. "Influence of Color in a Lactation Room on Users’ Affective Impressions and Preferences." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 12, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586718796593.
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Objective: The present study aims to examine the influence of environmental color hue in a lactation room at a health center on users’ affective response and preference. Background: Hospital design plays an important role in the emotional experience of patients. In this regard, many studies have attempted to find relationships between design variables and healthcare facilities users’ response. Color has been frequently examined because it is always present in the environment and can be easily changed. However, most of the studies dealing with color–emotion relationships acquire users’ affective response by questionnaires developed by experts which could lead to inaccurate results since nonexperts may misunderstand concepts set by experts and use nonimmersive images to simulate the environments to assess. Methods: To overcome these limitations, a Kansei Engineering–based approach was proposed. In the first phase, users’ specific affective factors for lactation rooms were determined using Semantic Differential. In the second phase, the influence of nine different color hues on users’ affective factors was obtained. An immersive display system was used to visualize the room altering hues in an isolated and controlled way. Results: (1) Six user’s affective factors connected to the lactation rooms were discovered: safety, elegance, coziness, spaciousness, simplicity, and luminosity, of which coziness has the most impact on the assessment of the room. (2) Warm colors like orange and yellow tend to score highly for coziness which puts them in leading positions when users’ assess lactation rooms. Conclusions: Results provide recommendations for designers and show the advantages of using semantic differential and immersive displays to analyze user’s affective response to environments.
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Ayati, Nyoman Triana, Ketut Hari Mulyawan, and I. Ketut Tangking Widarsa. "PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI WANITA USIA SUBUR TERHADAP RUANG LAKTASI DI INSTANSI PEMERINTAH WILAYAH KOTA DENPASAR TAHUN 2017." ARCHIVE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH 4, no. 2 (March 7, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ach.2017.v04.i02.p04.
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ABSTRAKTantangan dalam pemberian ASI salah satunya dihadapi oleh para ibu bekerja yang merasa kesulitan untuk memberikan ASI maupun memerah ASI pada waktu kerja, baik dikarenakan tidak adanya fasilitas, cuti melahirkan yang tidak fleksibel sampai tidak diberikannya kesempatan menyusui. Pada tahun 2013 telah diterbitkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan (Permenkes) nomor 15 tahun 2013 tentang tata acara penyediaan fasilitas khusus menyusui atau memerah air susu ibu seperti ruang laktasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) yang bekerja terhadap ruang laktasi di instansi pemerintah wilayah Kota Denpasar tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 79 WUS yang bekerja. Pemilihan tempat kerja yaitu instansi pemerintah yang memiliki ruang laktasi di Wilayah Kota Denpasar dan pemilihan sampel secara stratified proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan data pengetahuan dan persepsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 72,2% WUS memiliki pengetahuan baik, 27,8% memiliki pengetahuan cukup, dan tidak ada yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang. Untuk persepsi terhadap ruang laktasi didapatkan 64,6% WUS memiliki persepsi baik dan 35,4% memiliki persepsi kurang baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar WUS memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik serta lebih dari setengah memiliki persepsi yang baik terhadap ruang laktasi. Disarankan agar menyediakan ruang laktasi sesuai dengan ketentuan serta mendukung ruang laktasi tersebut dengan meningkatkan peran tenaga kesehatan dan atasan tempat bekerja agar lebih mensosialisasikan pemanfaatan ruang laktasi.Kata Kunci: awareness, perception, lactation room, reproductive age women
ABSTRACTWorking mothers faces challenges to provide exclusive breastfeedings due to limited facility to breastfed or to express breast milk within working hours, inflexible maternity leave and no breastfeeding time within working hours. In 2013, the Ministry of Health (MoH) adopted MoH regulation (Permenkes) No 15/2013 about standard procedure to provide breastfeeding or expressing breast milk facility, such those called as “ruang laktasi”/lactation room. This study aims to explore awareness and perception of reproductive age working women (WUS) on lactation room at governments institution in City of Denpasar in 2017. This was a descriptive quantitative study with cross-sectional design. Study sample were 79 WUS. Working places included on the study were those that have lactation room and samples were selected by stratified random sampling. Data on awareness and perception were collected using questionnaire and analysed with descriptive analysis. From the study, 72.2% WUS have good awareness, 27.8% have moderate awareness and none with low awareness. For the perception on lactation room, 64.6% WUS have good perception and 35.4% have lower perception on lactation room. It can be concluded that the majority of working women have good awareness, and more than half have good perception on lactation room. It is recommended to provide lactation room and to support improvement of lactation room by improving role of health workers and supervisors at work places to extend socialization of the lactation room.Keywords: pengetahuan, persepsi, ruang laktasi, WUS
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Tasnim, Tarannum, ANM Shamsul Islam, Mehedi Hasan Azad, and Farhana Sharmin. "Services Provided for Lactating Mothers at Lactation Management Clinic in Selected Tertiary Level Hospitals." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 38, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v38i2.47867.
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Background: Children are the precious gift from the Almightily Allah and breast milk is an ideal product given to the human being by nature to fulfill all requirements of the offspring until they are matured enough to take adult food.
Objective: To assess the services provided for lactating mothers at lactation management centre in selected tertiary level hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Lactating mothers who were selected conveniently and were interviewed by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Science) software.
Results: Lactation management centre (LMC) is supervised by a consultant and separate room is allotted in both out-patient and in-patient departments. Mothers came with lactation problems were more likely in the first month of the baby (73%) and feeling of not enough milk production was common (49%).Highly significant relationship was found between breast problems of lactating mother and age of child (p<0.001). About 84% respondents received practical demonstration on position and attachment of the baby during lactation. About 91% respondents got dietary advice for enough breast milk production, 75% got dietary advice regarding their child’s weaning food chart and69% got health education. Maximum mothers were informed about LMC by doctor & nurse (82%).
Conclusion: Information about LMC services should be disseminated across the country. Lactating mothers should be familiarized with LMC and public awareness should be enhanced for effective management of breastfeeding problem to promote, protect and support the breastfeeding.
JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 68-73
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Linares, Ana Maria, Doraine F. Bailey, and Kristin Ashford. "Enabling Nurse Students to Achieve Their Breastfeeding Goals." Clinical Lactation 11, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/clinlact-d-18-00021.
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IntroductionUS workplace law requires employers to provide reasonable break time and space other than a bathroom for breastfeeding women to express their milk. However, this law does not include students in higher education institutions who choose to breastfeed, as students are typically not employed by their schools. The purpose of this report is to describe the joint efforts of faculty members and students to successfully operationalize a lactation room and develop college-specific lactation guidelines in a university in central Kentucky.MethodStudents from a college of nursing (CON) participated in a survey (N = 135), of which 30% were parenting at that time (n = 41).ResultsResponses from this subset were used to make the case to CON leadership and faculty to develop college-specific guidelines entitled, “Guidelines for Lactation Support,” which was included in students’ handbooks, and to the designated space for a lactation room in the CONbuilding.DiscussionThe combined effort of faculty, administrators, and students was crucial to promotea breastfeeding-friendly environment in the CON.
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Johnston, Lee, Mike Reese, Eric Buchanan, Yuzhi Li, Adrienne Hilbrands, Brigit Lozinski, Joel Tallaksen, Kevin Janni, Brian Hetchler, and Erin Cortus. "152 Effects of a solar-powered cooling system on performance of heat-stressed lactating sows." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.255.
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Abstract We hypothesized that a solar-powered system designed to cool heat-stressed sows would improve sow performance and reduce use of fossil fuels in farrowing rooms. To test this hypothesis, we used two mirror-image, farrowing rooms equipped with 16 farrowing stalls each. Each farrowing stall in the COOLED room was equipped with a cooled flooring insert (Nooyen Manufacturing) under the sow and a single nipple drinker delivering chilled drinking water. Circulating water cooled by a water-source heat pump that was powered by a 20 kW photovoltaic solar array cooled the floor inserts (15 to 18°C) and chilled the drinking water (13 to 15°C). Heat harvested from sows partially warmed water (43 to 48°C) that circulated through pads in the piglet creep area. The CONTROL room was nearly identical to the COOLED room except there was no cooling and supplemental heat for piglets was provided by one heat lamp (125 W) per farrowing stall or an electric heating pad (Innovative Heating Technologies). Three farrowing groups were studied during summer and room heaters kept rooms above 24°C to ensure sows were heat stressed. Electric consumption in COOLED and CONTROL rooms was measured. Data were analyzed using Proc Glimmix with room treatment as a fixed effect and farrowing group as a random effect. The cooling system reduced sow respiration rate and body temperature (Table 1) which increased feed intake and reduced weight loss of sows over the 21-day lactation. However, the cooling system did not increase litter size or weight at weaning. Electricity use in the CONTROL room (26.4 kWh/d) was lower (P< 0.01) than the COOLED room (79.6 kWh/d). The solar array produced 91 kWh/d on average. In conclusion, the cooling system studied partially mitigated heat stress of lactating sows but did not improve sow performance and did not noticeably reduce consumption of fossil fuels.
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Tsai, Tsung Cheng Cheng, Nathan Davis, Benjamin Bass, Gemma Tedo, Sofia Morais, and Charles V. Maxwell. "PSII-19 Effect of a Sensory Additive on Sow Feed Intake During Lactation." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab054.275.
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Abstract Sow feed intake during lactation is crucial to the maintenance of sow body condition, milk production, and litter performance. Loss of body weight or condition during this time could compromise future reproductive performance. Two groups (n = 52 total) of breeding age gilts and sows were used to evaluate whether a sensory additive would improve intake during the lactation period. Gilts/Sows were weighed, and back fat depth was measured, at 110 d of gestation prior to entering the lactation room, and again at weaning. The sows were sorted by parity and then allotted by BW at d 110 to Control or 0.075% sensory additive (Luctamax® SowVive, Lucta S.A., Barcelona, Spain). Experimental lactation diets were offered upon entry to the lactation room and fed through weaning. During this time feed was weighed back every three days. Gilts/sows were fed 2.72 kg/head/day until farrowing, and sows were placed on full feed 24 hours post-farrowing and allowed to eat ad libitum. Data was analyzed using the PROC MIXED of SAS as an RCBD with treatment as the fixed effect and group as a random effect. During lactation sows on the sensory additive diet showed an increase in intake during days 10 to 21 when compared to sows on the control diet (Table 1). Although it was not significantly different, sows fed sensory additive had numerically heavier weaning BW (239.4 vs 236.2 kg, P = 0.42) and increased litter weight gain (51.96 vs 48.69 kg, P = 0.24) compared to control fed sows. However, backfat thickness change during lactation did not differ between control and sensory additive fed sows (-4.74 vs -5.81 mm, P = 0.65). In conclusion, in the current study lactation diets supplemented with a sensory additive stimulated sow appetite during the lactation period.
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Ekawati, Desi. "Analisis Dukungan Keluarga, Ketersediaan Fasilitas Ruang Laktasi dengan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif pada Ibu Bekerja." Jurnal Ilmu Kebidanan (Journal of Midwivery Science) 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36307/jik.v10i1.138.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Breast milk plays an important role in maintaining the health and survival of babies because breast milk is the best food for babies, mothers who have not exclusively breastfed, one of which is working mothers because there are many factors that influence breastfeeding for working mothers. This study aims to analyze the biopsychosocial and institutional factors of exclusive breastfeeding Subjects and Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross sectional design. The research location is in Bantul district. The research time was in March 2018 with 45 research subjects. Sampling used simple random sampling to determine the proportion of research subjects. The dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables are family support, availability of lactation room. The data obtained using a questionnaire. Analysis using logistic regression analysis. Results: availability of lactation room (OR=4.15; 95% CI= 1.21 to 14.29; p=0.023), family support (OR=4.82; 95% CI= 1.45 to 15.96; p=0.010), has a positive effect on exclusive breastfeeding . Conclusion: Family support, availability of lactation room, has a positive relationship with exclusive breastfeeding. Perception of barriers has a negative relationship with exclusive breastfeeding Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, health support, working mother
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Rini, Rini, Cahyo Sasmito, and Cakti Indra Gunawan. "Implementasi kebijakan penyediaan ruang laktasi di Kota Malang." AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal 3, no. 1 (July 23, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/action.v3i1.97.
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Pemberian ASI Eksklusif harus didukung bukan hanya dari pemerintah dan tenaga kesehatan saja namun oleh semua pihak. Salah satu bentuk dukungan yang bisa diberikan adalah dengan menyediakan ruang laktasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan penyediaan fasilitas Ruang Laktasi dengan mengacu pada empat variabel teori Edward III yaitu (1) Komunikasi, (2) Sumberdaya, (3) Kecenderungan, dan (4) Struktur Birokrasi. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyediaan fasilitas ruang laktasi ini didasarkan atas kebijakan khusus. Terkait dengan proses komunikasi para pelaksana kebijakan melakukan sosialisasi dan rapat koordinasi. Pada Sumberdayanya Dinas Kesehatan Kota Malang bertanggungjawab untuk merealisasikan Ruang Laktasi dengn dukungan Sumber daya Dana, sumber daya fasilitas dan informasi serta wewenang. Selanjutnya kecenderungan para pembuat kebijakan dan pelaksana menunjukkan komitmen yang bagus (positif). Namun untuk struktur birokrasi belum maksimal karena belum ada SOP khusus yang disediakan dalam penyediaan ruang laktasi. Sebagian besar ruang laktasi telah memenuhi standar sesuai Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 15 Tahun 2013. Namun beberapa ruang laktasi yang disediakan belum dimanfaatkan sebagaimana mestinya. Untuk itu diharapkan kepada pelaksana kebijakan melakukan sosialisasi secara konsisten tentang penyediaan dan pemanfaatan ruang laktasi serta memberikan sanksi tegas bukan sekedar teguran saja bagi instansi yang belum menyediakan ruang laktasi.Kata kunci: Implementasi kebijakan, ruang laktasi Giving ASI exclusive or breastfeeding not only need supporting from government or medic association but also from all of society. One kind of supporting that could be given in providing lactation room. This study purposes to analyze and implement of policy in providing lactation room based on 4 variables by Edward theory; communication, resources, preference, and bureaucratic structural. The research methodology is using in this study is the qualitative method. Taking sampling by purposive sampling. The result of the study of providing lactation room is based on special policy. Due to government and making policy by giving socializing and meeting coordination. In resources Department of Health in Malang City responsibilities in providing lactation room by supporting in financially, give facilities, information and policy. Then the commitment in preference by providing policy shows the positive commitment. But in bureaucratic structural shows, the bad result because there is no Special SOP for supporting this program in quality also quantity. In a massive part of lactase room now have the good standard from Minister of Health no 15(2013). But the poor of this program lactase room not useful for all women who need it, may some of them don't give Exclusive ASI (breastfeeding). The writer hopes that the government gives good socialization and make a hard policy in all department who don't provide and give good facilities in lactase roomKeywords: Implement of policy, lactation room
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Farmer, C., S. Robert, and Y. Choinière. "Reducing ambient temperature in farrowing houses with a new controlled-environment system." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 78, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a97-058.
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Forty first-parity sows were randomly allocated to a standard (STD; n = 21) or controlled (CET; n = 19) environmental temperature system in the farrowing house. In all cases, heat lamps were installed on one side of the sows, 60 cm from the floor. With the CET system, electronically controlled (EC) heat lamps surrounded by a niche were used. Niches had an acrylic top and three sides of plastic strips that piglets could easily go through. Room temperature was 21 °C with the STD system while it was gradually lowered with CET to attain 15 °C on day 8 postpartum. Within 48 h of birth, litters were standardized to 9 ± 1 pigs. Daily feed and water consumption of sows were recorded as well as growth rate and survival of piglets. Sows' posture and piglets' activity were recorded three times daily throughout lactation. Ambient temperature did not affect (P > 0.1) feed or water intakes of sows during lactation, nor weights or survival of piglets until day 56. From day 2 until weaning (day 23), there was a mean increase of 21% in the frequency of piglets lying in the lamp zone when comparing the CET with the STD system (P < 0.001). A mean increase of 59% in the frequency of piglets being in the lamp zone with the CET system was also noticed from day 8 for active piglets (P < 0.05). Sows were, on average, 77% more active with the CET than with the STD system (P < 0.01) from days 5 to 15 of lactation and the proportion of time they spent lying on the side relative to the total lying time was greater from day 8 until the end of lactation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, gradually decreasing farrowing room temperature to 15 °C has no detrimental effects on the performance of sows and piglets and increases the use of the lamp zone, provided that the environment in this area is well controlled. Key words: Sow, lactation, ambient temperature, farrowing room, behavior, creep heat lamp
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Li, Yuzhi, Yunhui Zhu, Michael Reese, Eric Buchanan, and Lee Johnston. "PSV-6 Effects of chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads on behavior of lactating sows under heat stress." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.270.
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Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate effects of chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads on behavior of lactating sows under heat stress. Sows were housed in individual farrowing stalls in two rooms with temperatures being controlled at 29.4°C (0700h to 1900h) and 23.9°C (1900h to 0700h). Sows in one room (treatment), but not in the other room (control) were provided with chilled drinking water (13 to 15°C) and cooled floor pads (15 to 18°C). Behavior of sows (n=15 sows/treatment; parity=1 to 6) was video recorded during farrowing, and d 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after farrowing. Videos were viewed to register birth time of each piglet. Number of drinking bouts and duration of each bout were registered for 2 h (1530h to 1730h) each day after farrowing. Postures (lying laterally, lying ventrally, sitting, and standing) were recorded by scanning video-recordings at 5-min intervals for 24 h each day after farrowing, and time budget for each posture was calculated. Data were analyzed using the Glimmix Procedure of SAS. No effect of treatment was detected for litter size born, farrowing duration, or birth interval (P >0.33; Table 1). Neither frequency nor duration of drinking bouts was affected by treatment (P >0.27). No significant difference was observed in time budget for each posture (P >0.46) between treatment and control groups. As lactation progressed, sows increased drinking frequency (from 1.2 drinks/2h on d 1 to 4.9 drinks/2h on d 21; P< 0.001) and time spent lying ventrally (8% to 14%; P< 0.0001), standing (4% to 10%; P< 0.001), and sitting (2% to 4%; P< 0.0001), and decreased time spent lying laterally (86% to 67%; P< 0.0001) in both control and treatment rooms. These results indicate that chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads did not affect behavior of sows during farrowing and lactation in the current study.
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Davis, Nathan, Tsungcheng Tsia, Benjamin Bass, Gemma Tedo, Sofia Morais, and Charles Maxwell. "509 Late-Breaking: Effect of a Sensory Additive on Sow Reproductive Performance." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.374.
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Abstract The addition of a sensory additive to sow diets during the summer improved feed intake during lactation, and litter performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the sensory additive on sow lactation performance during cooler temperatures. Three consecutive groups (n = 61 total) of sows were farrowed during winter (October, December and January). Sows were weighed, and back fat depth was measured, at 110 d of gestation prior to entering the lactation room, and again at weaning. The sows were sorted by parity, and then allotted by BW at d 110 to Control or 0.075% sensory additive (Luctamax® SowVive, Lucta S.A., Spain). Experimental diets were offered upon entry to the lactation room and fed through weaning. Feed disappearance was recorded every three days. Sows were fed 2.72 kg/head/day until farrowing, and then allowed to eat ad libitum from 24 hours post-farrowing until weaning. Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS as an RCBD with treatment as the fixed effect and group as a random effect. No differences were observed on sows feed intake (P > 0.4), 10th rib backfat thickness change (P = 0.632) and body weight change from d 110 of gestation to weaning (P = 0.65, Table 1). Sows fed the sensory additive lowered preweaning mortality by 4.9% (P = 0.051), and weaned an additional 1.42 piglets (P = 0.026) with similar weaning weights (P = 0.86) when compared to control. In conclusion, in the current study, lactation diets supplemented with a sensory additive improved litter performance and helped maintain sow body condition.
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Borshch, O. O., O. V. Borshch, and M. M. Fedorchenko. "PRODUCTIVITY AND BEHAVIOR OF COWS OF DIFFERENT AGES WITH CHANGED MILKING TECHNOLOGY." Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, no. 126 (2021): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2021-126-36-44.
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The study aimed to examine the characteristics of the main behavioral reactions of first-borns and cows of II and III lactations during weaning with changes in housing and milking conditions and productivity of the entire farm during the adaptation period (30 days). The research was conducted at the BNAU Scientific Research Center (Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region) on cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breed. The number of cows of the second lactation and older was kept loosely in premises (L×W×H 78×21×5 m) for 200 heads, and heifers in winter – in the premises for loose housing and in summer on playgrounds. A group of cows of the second lactation and older before milking changed the conditions on a parallel-pass type installation. After calving, the group of firstborns was milked by mobile milking equipment with a bucket. Animals of both groups 10 days after calving were transferred to another reconstructed for loose-box maintenance of the capital room for 150 heads (78×21×5 m) with milking in the milking parlor at the installation "Herringbone" 2×6. It was found that the group of first-borns had better adaptive traits compared to the group of cows of II and III lactations, which is confirmed by the shorter time to achieve the ratio of acts of daily behavior, which is due to the schedule of "ideal day". The values of the comfort index in first-borns corresponded to the recommended norms starting from 11-15 days (III period), and the index of stall use - starting from 6-10 days (II period). In the group of cows of II and III lactations, the values of these indices corresponded to the norm from 16-20 days (IV period) and 11-15 days (III period), respectively. The firstborns showed higher adaptive traits in terms of feed intake duration than cows of II and III lactations (6-10 days). The duration of feed intake in groups of cows of II and III lactations corresponded to the recommended values starting from the III period (11-15 days). Cows II and older during lactation during the adaptation period prevailed in the daily productivity of first-borns – by 1.48-1.90 kg. At the same time, the group of first-borns during the 30-day adaptation period increased productivity – by 1.07 kg, and the group of cows II and older lactations – by 0.73 kg.
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Bravo de Laguna, Fernando, Carolina Cabrera, Ana Belén González, Clara de Pascual, Francisco José Pallarés, Eric Chevaux, Mathieu Castex, David Saornil, Pierre Lebreton, and Guillermo Ramis. "Effect of Feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 to Sows and Piglets on Piglets’ Immune Response after Vaccination against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae." Animals 12, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 2513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192513.
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The aim of this study was to assess the effect that feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 (LSB) to lactating sows and their progeny has on inflammatory response and mucosal immunity after vaccination against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Sixty-seven Danbred sows were allotted into two treatments when they entered the farrowing room seven days before the expected farrowing date: control (CON: lactation diet) and LSB (CON + 12 × 109 colony forming units (CFU)/d until weaning). At weaning, piglets were equally allotted into two experimental diets according to sow diet: control (CON: 2-phase post-weaning diets) and LSB (CON + 2 × 109 CFU/kg and 1 × 109 CFU/kg in phases 1 and 2, respectively). The piglets were vaccinated at days 26 and 49 post-weaning. Growth performance and number of IgA producing cells and cytokine’s gene expression in lung, lymph node, and intestine samples at day 70 post-weaning were assessed and analyzed in SPSS Statistics 26: performance with a general linear model with sex, room, sow diet, piglet diet, and their interactions as main effects, and immunity with a Kruskal–Wallis test for k unrelated samples. Piglets from LSB-fed sows displayed a higher average daily gain (ADG; p < 0.01) and a heavier body weight (BW; p < 0.05) during lactation, tended (p < 0.1) to be heavier at day 49, and to have a higher ADG between days 26 and 49; had fewer number of IgA producing cells in the lymph node (p < 0.05); and all the cytokines studied were significantly under-regulated (p < 0.05) in the lung. It is concluded that feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 to sows improved piglet performance during lactation and showed a clear reduction in the inflammatory status of the lungs after vaccination against A. pleuropneumoniae, suggesting that there was a maternal imprinting effect on mucosal protection and a cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the lung.
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Skoryk, K. O. "DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY SAANEN GOATS OF SELECTION OF LATVIA." Animal Breeding and Genetics 52 (November 1, 2016): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.52.13.
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The aim of the work was to study the basic productive traits of Saanen goats of Latvian selection in the order of their selection value: milk yield, fat and protein content in milk. These traits were investigated in the daughters from different goats-fathers.
Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted at "Grandmother’s Goats" breeding farm, Galaiky village, Tetiiv district, Kyiv region on Saanen goats of Latvian selection. From mid-spring to mid-autumn the goats grazed and were kept in a corral. In winter, the goats were indoors on deep litter. Milking was twice a day into milk pipeline, it took place in the milking room with 12 seats. The farm is provided enough by coarse, succulent and concentrate feeds. It is considered that the winter diet of dairy goats is hay, twigs, concentrate feed, root vegetables, and mineral supplements.
The primary livestock data of milk production in 41 goats for seven lactations were considered. The basic selection traits were studied in the order of their breeding value: milk yield, fat and protein content in milk. The same traits were investigated in terms of fathers of milking goats. The obtained results were processed statistically by N. A. Plohinskiy (1970).
Results of research. The research results show that milk yield of Saanen goats of Latvian selection varied depending on lactation. It was found that the milk production during the 1st lactation was 565 kg, fat content in milk – 3.2% and protein content – 3.0%. Milk yield per lactation tended to increase – from the 3rd to 6th lactation inclusively, as compared with the 1st and 7th.
The maximum level of milk yield was during the 6th lactation. The differences in milk yield between the 6th and the 1st, 2nd, 5th and 7th lactations are significant with the second degree of reliability. Significant coefficient of variation for milk yield (20-35%) gives reason to consider it possible to conduct the selection by this trait.
Several other data are presented by T. Orlovskaya. She considers that goats produce maximum milk yield on average after the 3rd parturition. Milking ability of goats after the 5th-6th lactation begins to fall gradually. She also thinks that biological value of milk is reduced with increase in milk yield, namely reduced fat content and, in some cases, changing the taste of milk.
Subsequently, the fat content in milk during the 2nd-4th lactations increased by 0.1%, and during the 5th lactation it reached the maximum level – 3.6%. The protein content in the investigated goat milk was small and ranged from 3 to 3.1%. Differences in fat and protein content during all the lactations were unreliable.
Ratio of fat content to protein content in Saanen goats’ milk was studied for seven lactations. It was found that the ratio of fat to milk for all the seven lactations did not reach the optimal levels. This is lack of milk quality of the investigated goats.
Milk yield, fat and protein content in milk of daughters of four Saanen billy goats were investigated to determine the influence of fathers on the daughters’ productivity.
Analysis of milk productivity data for daughters of goats Amors 046062340091, Wicks 030810040238, Priers 0460623640427 and Frends 038028540074 showed that the highest milk yield was in daughters of Amors 046062340091 – 622 kg. Several less milk yield (590 kg) was in the daughters of Frends 038028540074, and the lowest milk yields were observed in daughters of Wicks 030810040238 and Priers 0460623640427. Thus, daughters’ milk yields depend essentially on fathers. At the same time the fat and protein content in the milk of daughters from different fathers is almost identical. This should be taken into account at matching billy goats for breeding stock of goats. In our research of milk yield of daughters from different billy goats there was a significant difference, but protein and fat content in daughters’ milk almost was no different. Thus, the findings don’t always coincide with the data given in the literature. This concerns with the milk production of Saanen goats and its quality (fat and protein content). Earlier, we have shown that Saanen goats’ milk had a little lower density than in Lamancha, Russian, Nubian, Alpine and Megrelian goats. Protein content was at level of 3.85%, or 1.4% greater than in Russian goats’ milk, but 0.15% less than in Lamancha, 1.23% less than in Nubian, 0.4% – in Alpine, and 1.65% – in Megrelian goats’ milk.
The fat content in goat milk of the compared breeds was also the lowest (by 1.85% than in Lamancha, by 0.79% than in Russian, by 0.97% than in Nubian, by 0.57% than in Alpine and 1.12% than in Megrelian breeds). Also, content of dry milk residue was low (0.67-1.48% less).
Despite these differences in milk yield of goats, research in this area should be expanded in order to determine the prospects for further goat breeding of certain breeds.
Conclusions. Milk yield per lactation tended to increase – from the 3rd to 6th lactation inclusively, as compared with the 1st and 7th. The maximum level of milk yield was during the 6th lactation. Significant coefficient of variation for milk yield (20-35%) gives reason to consider it possible to conduct the selection by this trait. The differences in the level of milk production of daughters from different goats were revealed that should be taken into account at matching billy goats for breeding stock. In Ukraine goats’ milk yield of different breeds requires further study.
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Johnson, Jay S., Sai Zhang, Gabriela M. Morello, Jacob M. Maskal, and Nathalie L. Trottier. "PSIV-25 Development of an indirect calorimetry system to determine heat production in individual lactating sows." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.334.
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Abstract Determining total heat production (THP) in individual sows and litters can be difficult and often requires the use of multiple animals to generate data on a per room basis. These systems may be costly to construct precluding their use by many researchers. The study objective was to develop a low cost indirect calorimetry system to determine THP in individual lactating sows and litters. Six indirect calorimeters were constructed to house 1 sow and litter in a crate throughout farrowing and a 21-d lactation period. Chamber accuracies for O2 and CO2 were evaluated by ethanol combustion. One-week pre-farrowing, 6 pregnant multiparous sows (parity 2.9 ± 0.9; 218.3 ± 38.6 kg BW) were housed individually in each farrowing crate and maintained in thermoneutral conditions (20.9 ± 2.6°C and 43.7 ± 18.6% relative humidity) throughout lactation. On lactation d 4, 8, 14, and 18, indirect calorimetry was performed on all sows and their litters, as well as 2 piglets from a sentinel litter to determine THP. Sentinel piglet data were used to estimate THP for the sows independent of the litter. Sow + litter THP (kcal/h) increased (P = 0.01; 16.6%) on d 8 compared to d 4 and was greater (27.3%) on d 14 and d 18 compared to d 4 and d 8. Sow THP was greater (P = 0.01) on d 8 (401.19 ± 17.15 kcal/h) and d 14 (430.79 ± 12.42 kcal/h) compared to d 4 (346.16 ± 16.62 kcal/h), and was greater on d 14 compared to d 8 and on d 18 (386.16 ± 20.02 kcal/h) compared to d 14. In summary, this cost-effective system can allow researchers to accurately evaluate THP in individual lactating sows and their litters
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Kolbe, Thomas, Caroline Lassnig, Andrea Poelzl, Rupert Palme, Kerstin E. Auer, and Thomas Rülicke. "Effect of Different Ambient Temperatures on Reproductive Outcome and Stress Level of Lactating Females in Two Mouse Strains." Animals 12, no. 16 (August 20, 2022): 2141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162141.
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Ambient temperature is an important non-biotic environmental factor influencing immunological and oncological parameters in laboratory mice. It is under discussion which temperature is more appropriate and whether the commonly used room temperature in rodent facilities of about 21 °C represents a chronic cold stress or the 30 °C of the thermoneutral zone constitutes heat stress for the animals. In this study, we selected the physiological challenging period of lactation to investigate the influence of a cage temperature of 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C, respectively, on reproductive performance and stress hormone levels in two frequently used mouse strains. We found that B6D2F1 hybrid mothers weaned more pups compared to C57BL/6N mothers, and that the number of weaned pups was reduced when mothers of both strains were kept at 30 °C. Furthermore, at 30 °C, mothers and pups showed reduced body weight at weaning and offspring had longer tails. Despite pronounced temperature effects on reproductive parameters, we did not find any temperature effects on adrenocortical activity in breeding and control mice. Independent of the ambient temperature, however, we found that females raising pups showed elevated levels of faecal corticosterone metabolites (FCMs) compared to controls. Peak levels of stress hormone metabolites were measured around birth and during the third week of lactation. Our results provide no evidence of an advantage for keeping lactating mice in ambient temperatures near the thermoneutral zone. In contrast, we found that a 30 °C cage temperature during lactation reduced body mass in females and their offspring and declined female reproductive performance.
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Blomme, Allison K., Nick Weihs, James Jolliff, and Trey A. Kellner. "120 Impact of a Two-phase Lactation Feeding Program on Farrowing and Weaning Performance of Sows." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab054.095.
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Abstract The U.S. Pork Industry uses a one-phase lactation feeding program based on logistical constraints and ease. The objective of this experiment was to quantify the sow performance differences between a one-phase and two-phase lactation feeding program to allow pork producers to calculate the economics of switching to a two-phase lactation feeding program. 257 gilts and sows (PIC 1050; Hendersonville, TN) were randomly assigned to a two-phase or one-phase lactation feeding program. Animals on the one-phase treatment were fed a typical lactation diet (2.55 Mcal/kg NE, 12.7% NDF, 0.99% SID Lys) for the duration of the experiment. Animals on the two-phase treatment were fed a high-fiber, lower-lysine transition diet (2.35 Mcal/kg NE, 18.5% NDF, 0.65% SID Lys) from the time they were loaded into the farrowing room until switching to the lactation diet on d 3 post-farrowing. From loading to farrowing, animals on both treatments were fed 1.82 kg/d, split between 2 meals at 630 and 1530 h. Daily feed amount was increased on the farrowing day and the 2 subsequent days (2.73, 4.09, 5.45 kg) until allowed ad libitum access to the lactation feed for both treatment groups on the third day after farrowing. Data were analyzed using Proc MIXED (SAS 9.4; Cary, NC) with treatment as the main effect and sow as the experimental unit. Comparing treatments, no significant differences on total born (one-phase = 16.2 vs. two-phase = 16.0, pigs/litter), live born (one-phase = 14.6 vs. two-phase = 14.4, pigs/litter), stillborn rate (one-phase = 8.1% vs. two-phase = 7.4%), number weaned (one-phase = 12.1 vs. two-phase = 11.9, pigs/litter), or weaning weight (one-phase = 5.67 vs. two-phase = 5.71, kg/pig; P ≥ 0.37) were detected. In conclusion, a two-phase lactation feeding program did not impair sow performance can be utilized to reduce lactation feed costs by $0.42/female/lactation cycle.
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Renaudeau, D., J. L. Weisbecker, and J. Noblet. "Effect of season and dietary fibre on feeding behaviour of lactating sows in a tropical climate." Animal Science 77, no. 3 (December 2003): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800054370.
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AbstractTwenty-seven multiparous Large White sows were used to determine the effect of season in a tropical climate and dietary fibre on their feeding behaviour during lactation. The experiment was conducted in Guadeloupe (French West Indies, latitude 16°N, longitude 61°W) between October 1999 and January 2001; climatic conditions in the farrowing room were equivalent to outdoor conditions. Two seasons were determined a posteriori from climatic criteria recorded continuously in the farrowing room. During the warm season, ambient temperature and relative humidity averaged 25°C and 0·868, respectively. The corresponding values for the hot season were 27·5°C and 0·835. Experimental diets offered during lactation were a control diet (C; 140 g neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) per kg) and a high fibre diet (HF; 200 g NDF per kg). Sows were offered food ad libitum between the 6th and the 27th day of lactation. Daily food intake between day 6 and day 27 decreased during the hot season (P < 0·001; 3226 v. 5571 g/d during the warm season). This was achieved by a reduction of both meal size (P < 0·05; 460 v. 718 g per meal) and ingestion and consumption time (P < 0·01; -11·1 and -15·3 min/day, respectively) whereas the number of meals remained constant (8·4 meals per day on average). During warm season, hourly food intake peaked twice daily near sunrise and sunset. During the hot season, peaks were attenuated and food intake was reduced during the hotter periods of the day and increased during the fresher period of the day, especially in early morning. As a result the diurnal partition of food intake was significantly affected by season; proportionately 0·62 and 0·47 of total food intake occurred during the day in warm and in hot seasons, respectively. Standing duration averaged 138 min/ day with no significant difference between seasons. Feeding behaviour criteria were not influenced by diet composition. In conclusion, the season in a humid tropical climate significantly affects the feeding behaviour of lactating sows.
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Susiloningtyas, Is, and Dewi Ratnawati. "FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMANFAATAN RUANG LAKTASI DI PUSKESMAS GUNUNG PATI SEMARANG." Jurnal Kebidanan 9, no. 01 (July 7, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35872/jurkeb.v9i01.308.
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ABSTRAKMenyusui adalah proses fisiologis untuk memberikan nutrisi kepada bayi. ASI adalah nutrisi ideal bagi bayi untuk menunjang kesehatan, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi secara optimal. ASI memiliki energi dan komposisi gizi yang lengkap bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi terutama di awal kehidupan bayi. Di era industrialisasi kegiatan menyusui telah mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Ibu yang bekeja menjadi alasan untuk tidak menyusui. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan semakin menurunnya angka ibu menyusui di Indonesia dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Pencapaian angka menyusui yang rendah telah mempengaruhi angka cakupan pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada tahun 2014 hanya berkisar 27,5%. Oleh karena itu pemerintah Indonesia memandang perlu untuk meningkatkan program ASI Eksklusif dengan diterbitkannya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 33 tahun 2012 tentang Pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Pemerintah telah menetapkan bahwa setiap penyelenggara fasilitas kesehatan dan pengurus tempat kerja serta penyelenggara tempat umum harus menyediakan ruang laktasi sesuai dengan ketentuan dan standar prosedur yang telah ditetapkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research, yaitu bertujuan untuk menguji suatu hipotesis dari hubungan antara variabel. Adapun pendekatannya menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan sampel penelitian 99 orang. Analisa data menggunakan analisis univariabel dan bivariabel. Hasil Uji chi square faktor usia dengan pemanfaatan Ruang Laktasi didapatkan nilai p value 0,06 sehingga tidak ada hubungan antara faktor usia dengan pemanfaatan Ruang Laktasi sedangkan hasil uji chi square faktor pendidikan, persepsi dan motivasi dengan pemanfaatan Ruang Laktasi didapatkan nilai p value 0,05 sehingga ada hubungan antara faktor pendidikan, persepsi dan motivasi dengan pemanfaatan Ruang Laktasi. Sarannya adalah melakukan sosialisasi pemanfaatan ruang laktasi. Kata Kunci : ASI, Ruang LaktasiFACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE USE OF LAKTATION ROOM IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE GUNUNG PATI SEMARANGABSTRACTBreastfeeding is a physiological process to provide nutrition to the baby. Breast milk is the ideal nutrition for babies to optimally support the health, growth and development of babies. Breast milk has a complete energy and nutritional composition for infant growth and development, especially early in life. In the industrialization era of breastfeeding activity has decreased significantly. A working mother is the reason not to breastfeed. This condition causes the decreasing number of nursing mothers in Indonesia in the last 5 years. The achievement of low breastfeeding rates has affected the coverage rate of exclusive breastfeeding in 2014 to only about 27.5%. Therefore the Indonesian government considers it necessary to improve the exclusive breastfeeding program by the issuance of Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 on Exclusive Breastfeeding. The Government has determined that every provider of health facilities and workplaces and public place providers should provide lactation chambers in accordance with established provisions and standard procedures. The type of research used is explanatory research, which aims to test a hypothesis of the relationship between variables. The approach using cross sectional design with a sample of 99 people. Data analysis using univariable and bivariable analysis. The result of chi square test of age factor with Lactation Space utilization got p value 0,06 so there is no correlation between age factor with Lactation Room utilization whereas chi square test of education factor, perception and motivation with Lactation space utilization got p value 0,05 So there is a relationship between educational factors, perceptions and motivation with the utilization of Lactation Space. The suggestion is to socialize the utilization of lactation space.Keywords: Breast milk, Lactation Room
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Estrada, Jorge, Carine M. Vier, Andrea Hanson, Ning Lu, Julia Diaz, Denise Van De Stroet, Luis E. Zaragoza, et al. "271 Effects of Increasing Lactation Dietary Energy Concentration by Adding fat During the Summer Period on sow and Litter Performance." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.231.
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Abstract The objective was to determine the effects of increasing energy in lactation diets fed during the summer period on sow and litter performance. A total of 356 sows (PIC Camborough) were randomly assigned at entry into the farrowing room to 1 of 4 treatments within parity in a randomized complete block design with body weight and breeding day blocks. Pre-farrowing caliper scores were balanced across treatments. The trial was conducted from July to September 2021 in Carthage, Illinois, with external barn minimum and maximum temperatures averaging 21-32°C. Treatments consisted of increasing levels of added fat in the lactation diet: 0, 1.67, 3.34, and 5.00% of corn oil. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based with a fixed soybean meal inclusion rate of 28.90%. Net energy (NE) concentrations of the treatment diets consisted of 2.345, 2.427, 2.509, and 2.591 Mcal NE/kg. Sow was the experimental unit and data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with the lmer and glmer functions of R. Increasing corn oil inclusion rates marginally (linear, P=0.086) reduced lactation average daily feed intake but did not significantly (P>0.10) impact total or average daily NE intakes. There was no evidence (P>0.05) for treatment effects on sow body weight, sow caliper score or sow backfat depth changes during lactation, percentage of removed and fall-off piglets, pre-weaning mortality, number of weaned pigs, litter weaning weight, total litter weight gain, and piglet average daily gain. In summary, increasing energy in the lactation diet by adding up to 5% corn oil during the summer period resulted in a marginal linear reduction in lactation average daily feed intake, but did not influence daily NE intake. Under the conditions of this study, no evidence for treatment effects were observed for sow or for litter performance during the nursing period.
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Hardiani, Kartika, Nur Aisiyah Widjaja, Meta Herdiana Hanindita, Roedi Irawan, and Eddy Bagus Wasito. "Microbiological Assessment of Fresh Expressed Breast Milk on Room Temperature at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Neonatal Unit." Folia Medica Indonesiana 56, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v56i1.18447.
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Expressed breast milk (EBM) has been advocated as an effective way for encouraging and maintaining lactation when the mother is separated from the baby for a while. Storing EBM at room temperature in several hours before consuming, frequently found in Indonesia. Based on WHO guidelines EBM can last for 6 to 8 hours in room temperature. But currently there hasn’t been study in tropical country especially Indonesia for the guidelines. Assesing microbiological quality of EBM on room temperature, including bacterial growth and major bacterial found on EBM for health care and society recommendations. An observational study of 30 expressed breast milk samples provided by 30 healthy women with term baby below 6 month old. EBM were collected by electric breast pump swing model. The samples were kept sterile and laid at plates for 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours in room temperature (26o- 32oC) and used drop plate technique on several culture media. Data was analyzed by Chi-square and paired sample T-test. Thirty of unheated fresh EBM from 30 lactating mothers were stored at room temperature, examined for the degree of bacterial contamination at 0 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours. All the EBM samples were contaminated at 2 hour. There were strong correlation between 2 hours storing with 4 hours storing (p=0.004) and total colony (p=0.000). There were also significant difference between bacterial colony and the duration itself (p=0.026). Bacterial species identified was Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus faecalis, range of growth 109 cfu/ml - 63 x 109 cfu/mm3 after 6 hour of storage. Evaluation result that the EBM exposed at room temperature (30-36 0C) for more than two hour reduce the quality and do not recommended to be given to the infants because bacterial counts > 104 cfu/ml and the present of pathogens E. coli, Streptococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Damayanti, Dini Fitri, Bagoes Widjanarko, and Cahya Tri Purnami. "Analisis Peran Manajerial Pengurus Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI) dalam Pelaksanaan Program Peningkatan Pemberian Asi (PPASI) di Wilayah Kota Pontianak." Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmki.4.1.2016.27-34.
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Breastfeeding improvement (PPASI) program was an effort to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. Successfulness of the exclusive breastfeeding required support from midwives. Indonesian Midwifery Association (IBI), as a midwives professional organization, had declared to implement PPASI program step by step and continually by all IBI board members. Although IBI boards at Pontianak branch had conducted several seminar activities regarding breastfeeding and lactation management training for IBI members but private practice midwives were still giving formula milk to the newborns. Based on that problem, this study was conducted with the objective to explain managerial role of IBI boards in implementing PPASI program in the area of Pontianak city. This was a qualitative study using phenomenology approach. Study informants were IBI branch and sub branch board members in the area of Pontianak city. Data were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed using content analysis method. Results of the study showed the roles of IBI boards as leader in implementing PPASI program in the motivational activities. IBI boards reminded IBI members to do lactation management in every informal small group social gathering (arisan). Evaluation of lactation management was conducted by IBI boards because they were on duty as midwives coordinators at Puskesmas and as room chiefs in hospitals. Guidance to the members was conducted by the boards through ‘arisan’ and there was no rewards given to members who had implemented lactation management. The role of boards as information resource was done by conducting lactation seminars for IBI members and in collaboration with district health office to implement lactation management training. There was no special standard for lactation management and socialization was only given to the members who wanted to apply for private practice midwives (BPS) permit. In term of IBI board role as policy makers, the board had not made planning for PPASI program. Planning and organizing were only done for seminar activities about breastfeeding. No written regulation issued by IBI board and no sanction was assigned to the members in implementing PPASI program. Based on the study results, it was suggested to IBI board to formulate evaluation format and to give rewards to IBI members in order to motivate them to implement lactation management, to make specific standard operating procedure for lactation management and to make understandable and details regulations regarding PPASI program implementation, to assign sanction to members who broke the rules.
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Honeyman, M. S., and D. Kent. "Performance of a Swedish deep-bedded feeder pig production system in Iowa." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 16, no. 2 (June 2001): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300008900.
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AbstractAt the Iowa State University Armstrong Research and Demonstration Farm in southwestern Iowa, a Swedish feeder pig production system was studied and demonstrated for 2-1/2 years. The system is based mainly on straw bedding, simple buildings, and intensive management. The system was designed to minimize pig stress and use of subtherapeutic antibiotics in the feed. Gestating and breeding sows were group-housed in a hooped structure with individual feeding stalls. Large round bales of cornstalks were used for bedding. Farrowing, lactation, and nursery phases were housed in a remodeled hog house. Cubicles with rollers and oat straw bedding were used for farrowing. Two groups of Yorkshire × Landrace sows bred to Hampshire boars produced feeder pigs in the system. Conception rates averaged 95%, and litter size averaged 11.3 live pigs/litter. Sows were allowed to select their own bedded farrowing cubicle. Prewean pig mortality, mostly from crushing, was high (29%), occurring primarily in the first 3 days. At 2 weeks of age the cubicles were removed and group lactation occurred. After group lactation the average pig weaning weight was 10.4 kg at 33.9 days of age. At weaning the sows were removed, and the pigs remained in the bedded farrowing/lactation room for 24 additional days. The pigs weighed 24.8 kg at 60 days of age, and overall nursery phase average daily weight gain was 549 g/day. Overall pig health was excellent with no major clinical diseases confirmed. The demonstration exceeded reproductive performance measures of typical small- and mid-sized Iowa farms.
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Ukegbu, PO, AC Uwaegbute, II Ijeh, and AU Ukegbu. "Bacterial load in expressed and stored breast milk of lactating mothers in Abia state, Nigeria." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 13, no. 59 (September 23, 2013): 8139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.59.12640.
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The use of expressed breast milk has been advocated as an effective way of encouraging and maintaining lactation when the mother is separated from the baby for a while. However, prospects of storage of expressed breast milk for any considerable period of time is hindered by the possibility of bacterial contamination and growth of infectious pathogens in the stored milk. Previous research worldwide has focused on optimal conditions for storing expressed breast milk. This study investigated bacterial growth in expressed breast milk stored at two different conditions and time periods. A total of 240 randomly selected lactating mothers participated in a survey used to elicit information on their practices concerning expressed and stored breast milk. Out of this, 20 lactating mothers were willing to donate their breast milk , which was used for microbial studies. Using antiseptic procedures, breast milk samples were collected from these 20 lactating mothers by manual expression and put into sterile containers. One half was stored at room temperature (30 o C), while the other half was immersed in a container of water (26 o C) for 0, 3, 6 and 9hrs. The samples at different time periods in both storage conditions were plated on three different culture media (Nutrient agar , MacConkey agar and Chocolate agar) and incubated for 24hrs. Bacterial load was enumerated and isolates were characterized and identified. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA and presented as frequencies, percentages means and standard deviations. Results showed that in all the culture media, bacteria l load was higher in breast milk samples stored at room temperature for up to 9hrs compared to that immersed in water (p<0 .05). However, the average colony counts were within acceptable limits (<10 4 CFU/ml). Enterococcus faecalis , Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the predominant bacteria isolated in the breast milk samples under both storage conditions. The findings from this study revealed that storage of breast milk either at room temperature or immersed in a container of water appeared to be safe for up to 9 hours of storage in a tropical environment . Generally, the number of microbes was within levels considered acceptable in expressed breast milk .
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Titin Aryani and Dwi Ernawati. "Analysis of Lactic Acid Levels in Breastmilk Before and After Storage at Room Temperature and Refrigerator Temperature." JURNAL KESEHATAN 11, no. 1 (June 22, 2022): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46815/jk.v11i1.76.
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Exclusive breastfeeding is the best source of food for babies under 6 months. Breast milk storage is thought to affect the components of the breastmilk. Research aim: to determine the levels of lactic acid in exclusive breast milk, both before and after storage at room temperature and refrigerator temperature. The study used experimental design with pre and posttest design. Lactic acid levels in breast milk were measured using an alkalimetric titration method. The selected breast milk storage temperature is room temperature (27-290 C), refrigerator temperature (2-40C), and the selected storage time is 0 and 4 hours. The sample were twenty (20) bottles of breastmilk from ten (10) breastfeeding mothers with a maximum lactation period of 6 months (exclusive breastfeeding) who live in Yogyakarta. The sampling technique was purposive sampling technique. The level of lactic acid in breast milk after storage at room temperature (27-290C) for 4 hours increased by 15.942%, while levels of lactic acid in breast milk after storage at refrigerator temperature (2-40C) for 4 hours increased as much as 2.309%. There is an increase in lactic acid levels of breast milk both after storage at room temperature and refrigerator temperature for 4 hours.
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Abbott, Jonathan, Jenava Carty, and Alison L. Batig. "Infant Feeding Practices, Workplace Breastfeeding/Lactation Practices, and Perception of Unit/Service Support Among Primiparous Active Duty Servicewomen." Military Medicine 184, no. 7-8 (January 24, 2019): e315-e320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy356.
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Abstract Introduction Successful breastfeeding provides multiple health benefits to Servicewomen and their infants and has positive indirect benefits to the military. Workplace lactation support influences breastfeeding continuation after a Servicewoman’s return to work. Materials and Methods This study evaluated the breastfeeding practices and workplace breastfeeding support among primiparous women serving in the U.S. Army. The study was a subanalysis of a non-blinded randomized controlled trial designed to determine the effect of postpartum appointment timing (either 2–3 or 6–8 weeks after delivery) on breastfeeding rates 6 months post-delivery. Subanalysis results were obtained through a telephonic follow-up survey 5–6 months after delivery; Servicewomen were queried to assess their breastfeeding/lactation practices and perception of unit and service support. Results Eighty of the 97 (82.5%) enrolled Servicewomen participated in the survey. Among respondents, 43.8% were still breastfeeding and 93.6% of those indicated an intent to breastfeed for a duration of 6 months or longer. Among respondents who provided feedback on their workplace, unit, and Army support for breastfeeding/lactation, only 13% reported they had access to a private room, sink, and refrigerator; 53% of respondents felt “mostly” or “very” supported by their assigned unit and 50% felt “mostly” or “very” supported by the Army. Conclusion While almost half of the respondents were still breastfeeding and planned to continue 5–6 months postpartum and the majority of respondents felt “mostly” or “very” supported in their breastfeeding by their unit and the Army, comprehensive physical support for lactation in the workplace was inconsistent. This study provides feedback to inform ongoing implementation of the existing Army breastfeeding support directive.
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Petersen, Grant I., Katherine McCormick, and Mike E. Johnston. "PSIV-15 Impact of Wean Age and SID Lysine Level on Performance in Lactation." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (April 12, 2022): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.253.
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Abstract With genetic improvement, sows are having larger litters and nursing more pigs. The wean age of these piglets can impact sow feed intake and piglet wean weight. Additionally, Lys level can impact sow and piglet growth. This study was performed to assess whether the addition of greater standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys improves sow and litter performance for 2 wean ages. Four hundred thirty-two DNA F1 females (average parity 2.4) were randomly allotted within group and entry weight at farrowing to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial with wean age (15.5 and 24.5 d) and lactation diet SID Lys (0.87, 0.94, 1.02 and 1.10%). Sows were weighed entering and exiting the farrowing room. Feed disappearance was calculated as the total amount of feed provided to the sow during lactation. A post-farrow weight model was utilized to assess true weight loss in lactation. Litters were standardized within 24 h of birth. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with fixed effects of SID Lys and wean age, and random effect of replicate. Average daily feed intake was increased (P < 0.05) in the sows weaning older age compared with younger age piglets (6.52 vs. 5.87 kg respectively). There was a tendency (P < 0.10) for an interaction between wean age and maternal Lys level on piglet wean weight as higher Lys increased wean weight (0.29 kg) in the older wean age but had no improvement in the younger wean age. Sow weight loss was decreased (P < 0.05) in sows weaning younger piglets compared with sows weaning older piglets (4.26 vs. 11.02 kg weight loss, respectively). These data show that greater levels of SID Lys to target 65 g/d in lactation can improve wean weight for later weaning sows.
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McCormick, Katherine A., Michael E. Johnston, and Grant I. Petersen. "273 Impact of either high energy or high SID Lys:ME on Parity 1 performance in lactation." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.169.
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Abstract Primiparous sows may have difficulty consuming sufficient feed during lactation to account for energy lost in milk production, development, and body maintenance. Addition of higher energy and/or higher standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys may improve gilt and litter performance. One hundred seventy-two primiparous DNA F1 females were randomly allotted within breeding/farrowing group, previous treatment, and entry weight at farrowing to one of four dietary treatments. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial with energy (3186 and 3332 kcal/kg ME) and SID lysine (1.15 and 1.30%). Sows were weighed upon entry and exit of the farrowing room. Feed disappearance was calculated as the total amount of feed provided to the sow during lactation. A post-farrow weight model was utilized to assess true weight loss in lactation. Litters were standardized within 24 h of birth, and individual pig birth and weaning weights were recorded. The wean to estrus interval was also measured. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with the fixed effect of treatment and the random effect of replicate. Addition of high energy and/or high lysine did not impact (P > 0.10) piglet wean weight or sow average daily feed intake. High energy diets reduced (P < 0.05) sow weight loss post-farrow by 15.5% from 8.75 to 7.39 kg. High SID lysine diets reduced (P < 0.05) number of sows not expressing estrus by day 9 post-wean from 13.0 to 7.7% of sows eligible for insemination. The high SID lysine diets targeted 70 g/d and led to an increase (P < 0.05) of 10.3% of sows displaying estrus on day 4 and 5. These data show that higher levels of SID lysine to target 70 g/d in lactation can improve wean to estrus interval, and potentially decrease non-productive sow days.
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Umoren, Rachel A., Megan M. Gray, Sarah Handley, Nathaniel Johnson, Christina Kunimura, Ulrike Mietzsch, Zeenia Billimoria, and Mark D. Lo. "In-Hospital Telehealth Supports Care for Neonatal Patients in Strict Isolation." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 08 (April 8, 2020): 857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709687.
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The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of “in-hospital” inpatient telemedicine within a children's referral hospital to facilitate inpatient care activities such as interprofessional rounding and the provision of supportive services such as lactation consultations to pediatric patients in strict isolation. To test the feasibility of in-hospital video telemedicine, a dedicated telemedicine device was set up in the patient's room. This device and the accompanying Bluetooth stethoscope were used by the health care team located just outside the room for inpatient rounding and consultations from supportive services. Video telemedicine facilitated inpatient care and interactions with support services, reducing the number of health care providers with potential exposure to infection and decreasing personal protective equipment use. In the setting of strict isolation for highly infectious viral illness, telemedicine can be used for inpatient care activities such as interprofessional rounding and provision of supportive services. Key Points
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Chacur, Marcelo George Mungai, Guilherme Pepino Bastos, Dougles Sanches Vivian, Leandro Da Silva, Luana Nayara de Freitas Chiari, Juliana De Souza Araujo, Camila Dutra de Souza, and Luis Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho. "Use of infrared thermography to evaluate the influence of the of Climatic Factors in the Reproduction and Lactation of Dairy Cattle." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 44, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.81287.
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Background: The digital infrared imaging thermography is a non-invasive imaging exam of easy performance accurately to measure temperatures of the areas of the animals body. The objective was to study the physiological variations of the surface temperature of the mammary gland, vulva, pelvis, thorax and abdomen with digital infrared imaging thermography in negative dairy cattle with California mastitis test (CMT) in different seasons, and the influence of climatic factors in these temperatures.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen Holstein cows, pregnant and non pregnant were used, negative for the California Mastitis Test, grazing on Urochloa decumbens pasture, receiving 2 kg of corn / animal / day, mineral mix and ad libitum water. Infrared thermography was performed every 30 days, for five months: January, February, March, April and May with thermographic camera (E40®, FLIR, Sweden) in the areas of the body: vulva, mammary gland, pelvis, abdomen and thorax. The thermal images (thermograms) were processed using the Flir Tools 2.1® program. The climatic factors: room temperature and relative humidity were monitored with globe thermometer (ITitwtg 2000®, Instrutemp, Brazil). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the average compared by Tukey test, with level of significance was set at (P < 0.05). For room temperature data, relative humidity, rectal temperature and for the areas of the body we used Pearson correlation (P < 0.05). For climatic factors, among the samples, room temperature and relative humidity, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05). To the skin surface temperatures of the body areas examined: vulva, pelvis, ischium, abdomen, thorax and mammary gland, among the samples, there were differences (P < 0.05) with lower temperatures of the areas in March and May samples, compared to the months of January, February and April. The average temperatures of the surfaces of the examined areas vary for the vulva between 33°C and 38°C; ischium, pelvis and abdomen between 30°C and 37°C; teats between 28°C and 37°C; Cistern of mammary quarter between 32°C and 38°C; and thorax from 31°C to 37°C. There were significant correlations between: rectal temperature x room temperature (r= 0.49; P < 0.01); Rectal temperature x relative humidity (r= -0.37; P < 0.01). To the surface temperatures of all areas of the body examined, there were significant correlations with the room temperature between (r= 0.73 and r= 0.85; P < 0.01); and between (r= - 0.57 and r= - 0.75; P < 0.05) for the relative humidity.Discussion: The animals showed no behavioral change during the thermography examination. In dairy cattle it is recommended the use of infrared thermography as a routine test to measure the temperatures of the areas of the body. Climatic factors, room temperature and relative humidity influence the rectal temperatures and the body surfaces of the cows. The areas of the body examined by infrared thermography showed different temperatures, in the same data collection, showing physiological temperature variations that assist in the clinical evaluation of each of the areas examined. The thermographic images were saved and processed easily, quickly and in a practical way, recommending the use of thermal imaging by infrared for routine as imaging test complementary to the clinical examination of the mammary gland and of the body areas in dairy cattle.
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Cohen, Rona, and Marsha B. Mrtek. "The Impact of Two Corporate Lactation Programs on the Incidence and Duration of Breast-Feeding by Employed Mothers." American Journal of Health Promotion 8, no. 6 (July 1994): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-8.6.436.
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Purpose. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of two corporate lactation programs on breast-feeding behavior among employed women. Design. Breast-feeding behavior was measured for up to one year among women who had given birth during 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992 and compared with national norms. Setting. The study was conducted at two corporations: a utilities company with 11,000 employees of which 22% were female with approximately 100 births each year and a space corporation with 3,900 employees of which 31 % were female with approximately 30 births per year. Subjects. Participants were 187 employees returning to work following maternity leave for a medically uncomplicated birth. Intervention. Participants collected and stored breast milk using the worksite breast pump room at scheduled times during the workshift and were counseled by a lactation professional throughout the study. Measures. A questionnaire was used to establish breast-feeding behavior. Duration was reported by the lactation professional. Results. Since program inception, 75 % of the participants who returned to work while breast-feeding continued until their child was six months old. This represented 139 of the 187 mothers at the two companies. Average duration of breast-feeding overall was 8.1 months. Discussion. Participants were able to maintain a breast-feeding regimen for at least six months at rates equivalent to the statistical norms for women who are not employed outside the home. This was not an experimental study. Participants were self-selected and there was no control group. On a year-to-year basis, the numbers of participants were relatively small. Results should be corroborated in other companies using true experimental methods before generalizations are attempted.
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Hernández-Cordero, Sonia, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Kathrin Litwan, Vania Lara-Mejía, Natalia Rovelo-Velázquez, Mónica Ancira-Moreno, Matthias Sachse-Aguilera, and Fernanda Cobo-Armijo. "Implementation of Breastfeeding Policies at Workplace in Mexico: Analysis of Context Using a Realist Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 2315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042315.
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Return to work is one of the most significant barriers to breastfeeding (BF). Family-friendly policies are critical to ensure that BF and maternal work are not mutually exclusive. This study aims to determine contextual factors and underlying mechanisms influencing the implementation of workplace policies in Mexico. Following a qualitative approach, the study was conducted in the following four cities in Mexico: Mérida, Chihuahua, Guadalajara, and Monterrey. Interviews were conducted in 14 workplaces, and included 49 (potential) beneficiaries, 41 male employees, and 21 managers and human resources personnel. The information collected was analyzed through a deductive thematic analysis and mapped against the Context-Mechanism-Outcome framework of Breastfeeding Interventions at the Workplace. Contextual factors influencing a BF-friendly environment in the workplace were as follows: work-schedule flexibility, provision of lactation services (i.e., BF counseling) other than a lactation room, women’s previous experience with BF and family-friendly environments in the workplace. The underlying mechanisms enabling/impeding a BF-friendly environment at the workplace were as follows: awareness of Mexican maternity protection legislation, usage of BF interventions in the workplace, culture, supervisor/co-worker support and BF-friendly physical space. To achieve a BF-friendly environment in the workplace, actions at the level of public policy and workplaces must accompany adherence to Mexican legislation.
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Bruder, Emily K., Sara K. Linneen, Gene G. Gourley, and Robert L. Payne. "182 Influence of β-mannanase in the lactation diet on sow and litter performance and subsequent wean-to-service interval." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.188.
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Abstract β-mannans (β-galactomannans) are anti-nutritive fibers found in common feed ingredients, such as soybean meal and other vegetable proteins. If not controlled, these β-mannans cause unnecessary gut inflammation which diverts nutrients from production to maintenance. Hemicell® HT has been shown to breakdown β-mannans allowing energy and nutrients to be available for growth and performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-mannanase (Hemicell® HT 1.5X) on sow and litter performance in a commercial farm. A total of 261 sows averaging 268 kg (± 91 kg) and 3.5 (± 2.3) average parity were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 lactation diets. Dietary treatments included: 1. Corn/soybean meal feed (control) and 2. Control + Hemicell® HT 1.5X (0.25 kg/ton inclusion). Treatments were initiated on d of farrowing and terminated at weaning. All data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using Proc MIXED in SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Sow and litter served as the experimental unit, farrowing room as block, and lactation length as a covariate when significant (P ˂ 0.05). Results indicated no significant (P > 0.20) differences in sow BW or body condition score (BCS) prefarrowing, postfarrowing, or at weaning. Sows consuming Hemicell® HT 1.5 had significantly (1.43 vs. 1.55; P = 0.03) greater backfat thickness (BF) at weaning and tended (P = 0.10) to lose less weight (-18 vs. -15 kg) than those fed Control. Feed intake, BCS and BF change, and subsequent wean-to-service interval were similar (P > 0.41) for sows on both treatments. Litter ADG and wean weight were not different (P > 0.18). The results indicate that Hemicell® HT 1.5 improved body reserves at weaning when consumed through the lactation period, suggesting increased energy availability during this period, which could have positive implications on overall lifetime reproductive performance.
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Silva, I. W. H., J. F. P. Moura, E. Santos Júnior, J. M. Pereira Filho, J. P. F. Oliveira, T. P. Dias-Silva, and L. R. Bezerra. "Dairy goat production in the semi-arid region: productive and reproductive analysis, and the influence of the adoption of hygienic practices on milk quality." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 73, no. 5 (October 2021): 1147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12364.
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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of dairy goat genotypes, as well as the influence of hygienic practices by farmers on the quality of goat milk. Productive and reproductive data of 81 Anglo Nubian and Alpine crossbred goats, as well as data on total milk production of goats over 100 days of lactation and partial production up to 56 days of lactation. Also, in natura milk samples from 160 properties in the region were evaluated. At the time of collection, a questionnaire was applied to diagnose goat milk production systems. Data from productive and reproductive performance were evaluated by Tukey test and descriptive analysis using the SPSS program. The herd presented a variation of the total milk production in lactation (TMP) from 267.40kg to 468.55kg, with lactation length ranging from 157 to 247 days, and average daily production between 1.43 and 1.89kg/day. Fertility rates were satisfactory, with the lowest rate being 76% and the highest 92%, with an average of 85.24% considering the six seasons of birth. The means of the gestation periods varied between 144 and 152 days. Regarding the sanitary characterization, 73% of farmers performed a cleaning of the room before and after milking. However, 94.8% of farmers did not eliminate the first jets of milk and only 29.2% used the screened mug test to identify clinical mastitis. Only 41% of farmers performed pre and post-dipping and 30.2% applied the iodine solution. Only 8.3% of farmers used disposable paper towels. However, 92% of producers still used fabric towel. It was also observed that 99% of the properties stored milk in buckets or cans without refrigeration. In the microbiological analysis, a small amount of milk samples (5.6%) was contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, however the total coliform count was high. Regarding the somatic cell count, it was found that 86% of the properties presented values above one million cells per mL of sample. The study demonstrated the prevalence of several factors that contribute to the vulnerability of milk contamination in various stages of production such as milking and processing. Thus, the guidance and awareness of those responsible is extremely important to improve goat milk quality in the semi-arid region of Paraíba.
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B, Sandagdorj, Baigalmaa Ts, Purevsuren D, Burenjargal S, Gombojav A, Urangoo Ts, Enkh-Oyun T, and Nyam-Osor P. "Results of detection of yield, physical and chemical characteristics and freshness of the Mongolian mare milk." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 26, no. 01 (April 30, 2019): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v26i01.1199.
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To deepen understandings on changes in mare milk yield and composition along with lactation, physico-chemical characteristics and freshness of raw mare milk this study was conducted. The first trial on the change in mare milk yield and composition was conducted along with different lactation period using 7 adult mares. Milk yield was determined volumetrically after 2 hour foal separation. Hand milking with milk ejection by foal was applied. Milk yield reached at peak in August which corresponds to around 90th days of lactation. Lactose content reaches its max value at 90th day of lactation also and it remains as high as its peak until the milking season ends while the yield was decreased significantly (p≤0.05). Fat and protein contents were gradually decreased to the end of milking season. To conduct quality evaluation of raw mare milk it is vitally important to know physico-chemical characteristics. To clarify did this second trial in comparison with cow milk. Results were indicated that pH value is higher in mare milk and acidity and viscosity is lower in mare milk than those in cow milk. A hygienically obtained mare milk samples were used in this experiment. Acidity, pH and Total Bacterial Counts were monitored with the reference to raw horse milk standard of Mongolia. The results were indicated that hygienically obtained mare milk can be kept for 12 hours at room temp. In case of refrigerated condition it kept its acceptable freshness up 10 days of storage.
Монгол гүүний саамны гарц, найрлага, физик-химийн шинж чанар, шинэлэг байдлыг тодорхойлсон дүн
Хураангуй: Монгол гүүний саалийн хугацаанд (6-10-р саруудад) саамны гарц, найрлага түүний физик-химийн үзүүлэлт, хадгалалтын нөхцөл саамны шинэлэг байдалд хэрхэн нөлөөлөхийгтодорхойлох зорилгоор энэхүү судалгааны ажлыг хийж гүйцэтгэлээ. Судалгаанд 7-12 насны 7 гүүг ашиглав. Саамны гарц лактацийн 90 дэх хоногт хамгийн өндөр,120 болон 150 дах хоногуудад гарцын хэмжээ буурсан хэдий ч лактозын агууламж тогтворжиж байв. Физик-химийн зарим үзүүлэлтийг тодруулахын тулд үнээний сүүтэй харьцуулахад гүүний саам нь исгэлэн, рН, өнгө, урсанги чанар зэрэг үзүүлэлтүүдээр ялгаатай байв. Саамыг хадгалалтын хоёр өөр нөхцөл, хэмд хадгалж туршихад тасалгааны нөхцөлд 12 цаг хүртэл, хөргүүрийн нөхцөлд 10 хоног хүртэл шинэлэг байдал нь хадгалагдаж чадаж байлаа.
Түлхүүр үг: Хадгалалт, саамны өнгө, саамны уураг, саамны лактоз
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Sudarmawan, I. Wayan Eka. "Analisis Problematika Kerja Malam bagi Karyawan Wanita di Centerstage Hotel XYZ." JURNAL EKUIVALENSI 7, no. 2 (November 5, 2021): 317–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51158/ekuivalensi.v7i2.551.
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Background: Female workers have many job opportunities in tourism and hospitality service companies. The company enforces working hours until the evening for both female and male employees. This is a separate problem for female employees in terms of security and health. Objective: to find out the problems of night work for female employees at Hotel XYZ. Design: qualitative descriptive research design with primary data sources through interviews with 6 (six) female employees who work at Hotel XYZ. Results: (1) work shifts: Hotel has implemented government regulations by not hiring female employees under 18 years old, and not providing night shifts for pregnant women employees, (2) transportation problems: Hotel has not implemented government regulations, namely , has not prepared special transportation for female employees who come home at night, (3) security issues: Hotel has provided nutritious, clean, and varied food, and has prepared security to maintain the safety and decency of female employees who work at night, (4) maternity leave: Hotel has implemented government regulations, namely providing three months of leave to female employees who are pregnant, (5) breastfeeding opportunities: Hotel has not implemented government regulations, namely, has not prepared a special room for expressing breast milk (lactation room).
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Jaji, Jaji, Antarini Idriasari, and M. Zainal Fikri. "PEMODELAN TEMPAT PEMBERIAN ASI EKSLUSIF DI LINGKUNGAN PEKERJAAN." Jurnal Abdimas Madani dan Lestari (JAMALI) 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jamali.vol2.iss2.art2.
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The low coverage of breastfeeding is a threat to the growth and development of children. Some of the things that hinder exclusive breastfeeding include the low level of knowledge of mothers and families about the benefits of breastfeeding, and how to breastfeed properly. In addition, the lack of lactation counseling services and support from health workers, socio-cultural factors, the incessant marketing of formula milk, and factors of working mothers. Some things that can facilitate breastfeeding for working mothers are support from the office environment, support from superiors, coworkers, flexible work schedules, rest periods, positive work colleagues 'attitudes towards breastfeeding, working mothers' attitudes. While some things that can hinder breastfeeding are psychological stress caused by tight work time and discomfort at the time of breastfeeding. Lack of time and location of breastfeeding rooms is also recognized as one of the obstacles in breastfeeding during working hours. The counseling and assistance activities of exclusive breastfeeding are a real form of triad prevention that must be carried out by health workers, especially nurses at the community Health centers. Expressing milk is one of the solutions to keep breastfeeding at work. 5 facilities that can be provided by the workplace to keep breastfeeding, namely: a breast milk pump, a room for milking or a room for breastfeeding, rest periods for milking or for breastfeeding, there is a refrigerator for storing milk and there is support from the workplace. Mothers are committed to giving exclusive breastfeeding to their children, and for workplace institutions to provide opportunities for mothers who have children aged 0-6 months, continue to give their milk by relaxing time for the management of dairy milk.
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van den Bosch, Moniek, Jan Wijnen, Irene B. van de Linde, Ad A. M. van Wesel, Delphine Melchior, Bas Kemp, Caroline Clouard, and Henry van den Brand. "Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 464–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy137.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different dosages of dietary nitrate supplementation to sows from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation on reproductive performance of sows and piglet performance from birth until weaning. Dietary nitrate supplementation leads to nitric oxide (NO) formation that can potentially increase blood flow to the fetuses (by the vasodilative effect of NO), leading to a decrease in the loss of potential viable piglets in the form of stillbirth and preweaning mortality. Three hundred and five gilts and sows were allocated to one of six diets from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation, containing 0.00% (Control), 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, or 0.15% of dietary nitrate. The source of nitrate used was calcium nitrate double salt. Calcium levels were kept the same among diets by using limestone. Gilts and sows were weighed and backfat was measured at arrival to the farrowing room (d 108 of gestation) and at weaning (d 27 of age). Data included number of piglets born alive, born dead, and weaned, as well as individual piglet weights at d 0, 72 h of age and weaning. Preweaning mortality was determined throughout lactation. Body weight d 0 (P = 0.04) as well as BW at 72 h of age (P < 0.01) increased linearly with increasing dosages of nitrate in the maternal diet. Litter uniformity (SD) at birth was not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation level (P > 0.10), but tended to be higher at 72 h of age in the control treatment than in all nitrate-supplemented treatments (P = 0.07), and SD decreased linearly (increased uniformity) at weaning with increasing dosages of nitrate (P = 0.05). BW at weaning (P > 0.05) and average daily gain of piglets during lactation (P > 0.05) were not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation. A tendency for a quadratic effect (P = 0.10) of the dosage of maternal dietary nitrate was found on preweaning mortality of piglets with the lowest level of mortality found at 0.09% to 0.12% of maternal nitrate supplementation. We conclude that the use of nitrate in the maternal diet of sows during the perinatal period might stimulate preweaning piglet vitality. Exact mode of action and optimal dose of nitrate still need to be elucidated.
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Harper, Heath, Gustavo Silva, Beau A. Peterson, Andrea Hanson, Dan N. Hamilton, Carine M. Vier, Jose A. Soto, Ning Lu, and Uislei A. D. A. D. Orlando. "124 Effects of Different Feeding Levels Prior to Farrowing on Sow and Litter Performance." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab054.089.
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Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of different pre-farrow feeding levels on sow and litter performance. On d 112 of gestation, a total of 309 sows (Camborough; PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were blocked by parity (P1, P2, P3+) and body weight and allotted to one of three treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of different feeding levels, which included: 1) 1.81 kg/d; 2) 2.72 kg/d; and 3) ad libitum access to feed. Sows were fed a corn-soybean meal-dried distillers grains with solubles-based lactation diet containing 3.36 Mcal of ME/kg and 1.17% SID Lys. Sows were weighed and visual BCS and caliper units were recorded at entry into the farrowing room at d 112 of gestation and at weaning. Daily feed intake was recorded from the beginning of the study until weaning. Litters were cross-fostered within treatment within 24-h after farrowing, and litter weights were collected at 12-h post-farrow and at weaning. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with sow as the experimental unit and block as a random effect. Covariates were used if they significantly improved the model fit. Ad libitum sows had the greatest (P < 0.05) feed intake from d 112 to farrow, followed by 2.72 kg/d and 1.81 kg/d treatments; however, no evidence (P > 0.10) for differences in lactation feed intake were observed. Wean-to-estrus interval was greater (P < 0.05) for ad libitum sows compared to sows fed 1.81 kg/d. Removal plus mortality rate was marginally lower (P < 0.10) for sows fed 2.72 kg/d compared to sows fed 1.81 kg/d. No evidence (P > 0.10) for treatment differences were observed in total born, stillbirth rate, and litter or piglet weight gain during lactation. In conclusion, results from this study do not support increasing feeding levels for sows prior to farrowing starting on d 112 of gestation.
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Anggraini, Dian, and Mufdillah Mufdillah. "KAJIAN IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF." Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah 11, no. 2 (March 29, 2016): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jkk.84.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the study of Yogyakarta regulation no 1 year 2014 about exclusive breastfeeding. The study employed qualitative study using inductive data analysis. The research subject was breastfeeding mothers and KP-mothers motivator taken through purposive sampling. The data where taken through in depth interview and focus group discussion. The research instrument was an interview guideline. The validity of the data used triangulation data. The on-going implementation are IMD, exclusive breast milk, cooperative care, and administrative sanction. The unaccomplished implementation is reward. The implementation which needs to be improved are monitoring, providing lactation room at offices and public facilities, and utilizing baby formula and other baby's products. The conclution is the implementation of Yogyakarta city regulation has not realized yet because it does not run as the policy in the regulation of this area.Keywords: implementation study, Yogyakarta regulation no 1 year 2014 about breastfeeding
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Kameduła, Nela, Piotr Węgrzyn, and Grażyna Bączek. "Skin-to-skin contact after caesarean section: impact on the occurrence of problems during the initiation of lactation." Medical Science Pulse 15, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9135.
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Background: Breastfeeding is the best method to feed newborns, infants and young children. A caesarean section may have a negative impact on breastfeeding success which, given the high percentage of surgical deliveries in Poland, is alarming. A beneficial effect of skin-to-skin contact after a cesarean section on breastfeeding indicators has been reported. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the type of first contact between mother and child after a surgical delivery, and the occurrence of problems during the lactation initiation period. Materials and methods: 256 women that had a cesarean section at one of the Warsaw hospitals during a six-month period were included in the study. Women who had a delivery earlier than 37 weeks of pregnancy were excluded. A questionnaire designed by the author was used for data collection. Results: Newborns without skin-to-skin contact or those who experienced a delayed contact required more frequent top-up feeding and their mothers more often experienced a sense of insufficient breast milk supply. Newborns who experienced skin-to-skin contact in the operating theatre also required less frequent top-up feeding compared to than those who experienced skin-to-skin contact in the recovery room. Conclusions: The type of first contact between mother and child after a cesarean section affects the occurrence of problems during the lactation initiation period. Despite the demonstrated benefits of skin-to-skin contact, it is not executed frequently enough after birth.
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Koçak, Ö., and B. Ekiz. "Comparison of different lactation curve models in Holstein cows raised on a farm in the south-eastern Anatolia region." Archives Animal Breeding 51, no. 4 (October 10, 2008): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-51-329-2008.
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Abstract. The objective of this study was to compare the goodness of fit of seven mathematical models (including the gamma function, the exponential model, the mixed log model, the inverse quadratic polynomial model and their various modifications) on daily milk yield records. The criteria used to compare models were mean R2, root mean squared errors (RMSE) and difference between actual and predicted lactation milk yields. The effect of lactation number on curve parameters was significant for models with three parameters. Third lactation cows had the highest intercept post-calving, greatest incline between calving and peak milk yield and greatest decline between peak milk yield and end of lactation. Latest peak production occurred in first lactation for all models, while third lactation cows had the earliest day of peak production. The R2 values ranged between 0.590 and 0.650 for first lactation, between 0.703 and 0.773 for second lactation and between 0.686 and 0.824 for third lactation, depending on the model fitted. The root mean squared error values of different models varied between 1.748 kg and 2.556 kg for first parity cows, between 2.133 kg and 3.284 kg for second parity cows and between 2.342 kg and 7.898 kg for third parity cows. Lactation milk yield deviations of Ali and Schaeffer, Wilmink and Guo and Swalve Models were close to zero for all lactations. Ali and Schaeffer Model had the highest R2 for all lactations and also yielded smallest RMSE and actual and predicted lactation milk yield differences. Wilmink and Guo and Swalve Models gave better fit than other three parameter models.