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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lactate dehydrogenase'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Shu, Hun-Chi. "D-lactid acid analysis using sequential injection analysis and amperometric biosensor." Lund : Dept. of Biotechnology, Lund University, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38950881.html.

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2

Nobbs, Timothy J. "Protein engineering of E. coli malate dehydrogenase and B. stearothermophilus lactate dehydrogenase." Thesis, Open University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293546.

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3

Dempster, Sally. "Lactate dehydrogenase : studies towards the design, synthesis and co-crystallisation of bisubstrate inhibitors." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594762.

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4

Christopher, Mary Elizabeth. "Characterization of hypoxically induced lactate dehydrogenase in maize." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22968.pdf.

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5

Higham, Christopher W. "A study of lactate dehydrogenase from Plasmodium falciparum." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299529.

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6

Diez-Aguirre, Jesus Javier. "A cold-active lactate dehydrogenase from an Antarctic bacterium." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312140.

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7

Haghayegh, Jahromi Neda, and Gheinani Ali Hashemi. "RNA Silencing of Lactate Dehydrogenase Gene in Rhizopus oryzae." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20404.

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RNA silencing with direct delivery of siRNA has been used to suppress ldhA gene expression in filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae. Here, for the first time we show that, introducing small interfering RNA which consequently forms silencing complexes can alter the gene expression and we report a significant reduction of lactic acid production for isolates containing short (25 nt) synthetic siRNA. In all samples lactic acid production was reduced comparing with wild types. The average concentration of lactic acid production by Rhizopus oryzae during batch fermentation process where glucose has been used as a sole carbon source, diminished from 2.06 g/l in wild types to 0.36 g/l in knockdown samples which signify 5.7 times decrease. Interestingly, the average concentration of ethanol production was increased from 0.38 g/l in wild types to 0.45 g/l in knockdown samples. In some samples we were able to report even a 10 fold decrease in lactic acid production. Since R.oryzae is capable to assimilate a wide range of carbohydrates hydrolysed from lignocellulosic material in order to produce many economically valuable bulk material such as ethanol, these results suggest that RNA silencing is a useful method for industrial biotechnology to be applied in fungus Rhizopus oryzae in order to trigger the metabolism and gene expression toward a desired product.

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8

Lomas, Andrew Philip. "Towards a small molecule inhibitor of Lactate Dehydrogenase-A." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d7f1416e-0d3d-4b4e-af62-7bbf4d52cf90.

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Lactate Dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) is up-regulated in a broad array of cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. Involved in the hypoxic response, LDH-A is a HIF-1 target and is responsible for the enzymatic reduction of pyruvate to lactate. This is important for several reasons, chiefly (1) the regeneration of NAD+ which feeds back into earlier glycolytic stages and (2) the depletion of intracellular pyruvate concentrations. High intracellular pyruvate is known to inhibit HDACs and is associated with increased apoptosis. LDH-A is also known to be controlled by oncogenes such as c-Myc suggesting an oncogenic role. Studies have shown that the knock-out of LDH-A reduces proliferation and tumourgenicity, and stimulates the mitochondria. This thesis therefore had three aims: firstly, to validate LDH-A inhibition and elucidate its full nature in terms of the implications for tumour survival; secondly, to ascertain the role of LDH-B in order to determine whether selectivity towards LDH-A would be a necessary feature of any small molecule; lastly, to recapitulate siRNA mediated LDH-A inhibition with small molecule inhibitors that had the potential for clinical application. The thesis examined both clinical data and a broad panel of cultured cancer cell types in order to select appropriate model in which to validate siRNA mediated inhibition of LDH-A and LDH-B. After it was demonstrated that LDH-A inhibition reduced the growth of cultured cells, a range of techniques were used to quantify this reduced growth in terms of cell death and changes in metabolism. Further to this, literature studies had proposed a role for LDH-B in maintaining lactate fuelled tumour growth; however, this thesis shows that in the cell lines studied, lactate-fuelled tumour growth was an LDH-A dependent phenomenon. Finally, a high throughput assay system was designed and validated and a library of small molecules was selected, synthesized, and screened in order to identify selective inhibitors of LDH-A.

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9

Silcock, Alan J. "Enantioselective synthesis and cyclisation studies of 2-hydroxy esters." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299530.

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10

Shoemark, Deborah Karen. "The kinetic characterization of the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme from Plasmodium falciparum." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326677.

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11

Banfield, Mark James. "Structural studies of antibody engineering and lactate dehydrogenase from P. falciparum." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389341.

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12

Sleigh, Roger N. "An analysis of the folding of lactate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294581.

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13

Wilks, Helen M. "Design and synthesis of new enzymes on the lactate dehydrogenase framework." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282796.

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14

Kim, Yuan Hwan. "Lactate dehydrogenase regulation of the metmyoglobin reducing system to improve color stability of bovine muscles through lactate enhancement." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2966.

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15

Hateley, Martin John. "Studies in the dehydrogenase catalysed reduction of 2-ketocarboxylic acids." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299531.

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16

Mulholland, Peter. "M-subunit lactate dehydrogenase in aspirated fluids from benign and malignant lesions." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328198.

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17

Hart, K. W. "An investigation into the molecular basis of substrate specificity in lactate dehydrogenase." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235201.

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18

Colebrook, Steve Michael. "The D- and L- Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme families : relatedness, cooperativity and mechanism." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386153.

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19

Mi, Yanli. "Protection Mechanisms of Excipients on Lactate Dehydrogenase during Freeze-Thawing and Lyophilization." View the abstract Download the full-text PDF version, 2002. http://etd.utmem.edu/WORLDACCESS/ymi/default.htm.

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20

Baker, Douglas John. "Chaperonins for the assisted refolding of protein." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327336.

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21

Gibbs, Gary. "Synthetic strategies towards hydroxylated alkaloids." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387484.

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22

Muniz, Gysella, Jennifer Hidalgo-Campos, Maria del Carmen Valdivia-Tapia, Nader Shaikh, and Nilton Yhuri Carreazo. "Successful management of chylothorax with etilefrine: case report in 2 pediatric patients." American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624655.

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
Chylothorax is defined as the accumulation of chyle within the pleural space. Originally described in 1917 by Pisek, it is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the neonatal period. The leading cause of chylothorax is laceration of the thoracic duct during surgery, which occurs in 0.85% to 6.6% of children undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. Few authors of reports in the literature have looked at etilefrine, a relatively unknown sympathomimetic, as an option for the medical treatment of chylothorax. In this case report, we review the clinical course of 2 infants with type III esophageal atresia who developed chylothorax after thoracic surgery and were successfully treated with intravenous etilefrine after failing initial dietary and pharmacological management.
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23

Sprysak, Kathleen Anne. "Induction of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alanine aminotransferase gene expression in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to hypoxia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21209.pdf.

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24

Choi, Seoung-Ryoung. "Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase from Plasmodium falciparum/." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1394651391&SrchMode=2&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1216830289&clientId=22256.

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25

Chen, Yudan. "Stabilization of Lactate Dehydrogenase and Peptide Separation via Electrophoresis Using A Pluronic Polymer." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1595358926594776.

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26

Kavanagh, Kathryn Louise. "Structural studies of three NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes involved in sugar metabolism : mannitol dehydrogenase, xylose reductase, and lactate dehydrogenase /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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27

蔡昌明 and Chang-ming Stephen Tsoi. "Biochemical and molecular studies of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes inthe freshwater eels, anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) andAnguilla rostrata (Le Sueur)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31233922.

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28

Tsoi, Chang-ming Stephen. "Biochemical and molecular studies of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes in the freshwater eels, anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) and Anguilla rostrata (Le Sueur) /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13637563.

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29

Haggblom, Lisa Marie. "Changes in myoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase in muscle tissues of a diving bird, the pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba), during maturation." Thesis, University of Oregon theses, Dept. of Biology, M.S., 1987, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9517.

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ix, 46 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm Notes Typescript Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 1987 Includes vita and abstract Bibliography: leaves 37-46 Another copy on microfilm is located in Archives

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30

Schmidt, Brian P. "The Use of Lactate Dehydrogenase for the Detection of Murine Natural Killer Cell Function." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu999616997.

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31

Razeto, Adelia. "Structural investigation on enzymatic stereoselectivity : two case studies: L. bulgaricus D-lactate dehydrogenase and chymotrypsin." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323690.

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32

Dunn, Cameron R. "A crystallographic study of structural changes in L-lactate dehydrogenase induced by the binding substrate." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330195.

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33

Smuts, Celia. "Evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in body cavity effusions from dogs, cats and horses." Thesis, Smuts, Celia (2014) Evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in body cavity effusions from dogs, cats and horses. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24333/.

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Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is often measured in human effusions to help in differentiating between transudates and exudates. Few studies have been performed using samples of effusions from animals. In the present study LDH activity was measured in 107 effusion samples (pleural, abdominal and pericardial) from dogs, cats and horses. LDH activity was found to be significantly increased in exudates compared to transudates in all species tested. Different methods of measuring LDH activity (wet chemistry using a lactate to pyruvate (L-P) and pyruvate to lactate (P-L) reaction, and a dry chemistry (P-L) reaction) resulted in significantly different values. In general the wet chemistry P-L reaction gave results approximately double those of the wet chemistry L-P reaction and the dry chemistry reaction was approximately double that of the wet chemistry P-L reaction. It is therefore important to know the method of measurement and this should be kept constant if cut-off values are to be used. LDH activity in abdominal fluid may also be useful in determining prognosis in horses with colic, and cut-off values were estimated using the different methods of LDH activity measurement. LDH activity did not correlate significantly with lactate concentration in the abdominal fluids. LDH activity was also measured in samples from dead animals in an attempt to differentiate between transudates and exudates. LDH activity was increased in effusions in all three species after death, and could not be used to differentiate between transudates and exudates in dead animals. Effusion LDH: serum LDH activity may help to separate effusions into transudates and exudates, and may also help in differentiating septic from non-septic effusions, with highest ratios present in septic effusions and lowest ratios in transudates, however, further investigation using larger numbers of animals with effusions is necessary.

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34

Balfour, David Leigh. "Ontogenetic Changes and Environmental Hypoxia: Responses of Two Fish Species to Low Oxygen Concentrations at Early Life Stages." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26467.

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Hypoxia refers to any condition in which the water is less than fully saturated with oxygen. Although it is generally accepted that adults are more tolerant of hypoxic conditions than larval stages, there is little information to support this assumption. To determine whether reduced concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) affect fishes differently during various early life stages, I examined the responses of two species of fish (fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)) exposed to low dissolved oxygen concentrations at different ages during the first 100 days post-hatch. The changes in oxygen requirements and respiratory patterns that occur during ontogeny and exposure to hypoxia were observed. The results of this study suggest that the early larval stages appear to be at least as tolerant of short-term exposure to low dissolved oxygen concentrations as the older, more developed stages. Fathead minnows underwent a gradual transition from being metabolic conformers to regulators during development. Hemoglobin appeared to be playing a larger role in oxygen supply in the early post-hatch trout than in the minnows. Fathead minnow larvae produced relatively low concentrations of lactate upon exposure to hypoxia. Conversely, rainbow trout larvae exhibited significant increases in lactate concentration under similar conditions. This implies that there is a threshold oxygen concentration below which trout larvae utilize anaerobic metabolism to provide additional energy. Lactate dehydrogenase activity increased as the rainbow trout larvae aged, suggesting that they develop an anaerobic capacity which could be used to provide additional energy during hypoxia. The minnows did not exhibit this increase in activity. The ability of larval fishes to detect and avoid hypoxic conditions was also examined. The overall trends suggest that throughout this period of development, both fish species gradually leave an area as the dissolved oxygen concentration decline. Both species appeared to leave the hypoxic areas with deliberate motions, indicating that a directed sensor system allowed them to detect oxygen gradients. The results suggest that a combination of physiological, biochemical, and behavioral mechanisms may allow fishes to cope with hypoxia.
Ph. D.

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35

Griffith, Steven L. "Serum creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in the rat after variable durations of downhill running." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/447237.

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Serum lactage dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase level were studied in sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 400 to 680 grams. Five groups of ten rats each ran forty-five minutes (16 m/min) with variable percentages of the total bout consisting of downhill running (16° incline): Group I- 0%, Group II- 22%, Group III- 50%, Group IV- 78%, Group V- 100% downhill. Group VI consisted of ten sedentary controls. Serial blood samples were obtained immediately after exercise, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hours found to exist between a non-trained rat’s weight and its ability to finish the exercise bout and live beyond 48 hours.Each exercise group, except Group V, showed s significant decrease in the CPK activity at 24 and/or 36 hours post-exercise. Group V showed a significant elevation (P<0.05) in LDH and CPK activity at 12 hours. With the total exercise time remaining the same, a linear relationship was suggested between duration of downhill running and LDH activity at 12 and 24 hours post-exercise, r=0.5880 (n=26) and r=0.4490 (n=28), respectively.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

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36

Turgut, Dilek. "Overproduction of the active lactate dehydrogenase from Plasmodium falciparum opens a route to obtain new antimalarials." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389088.

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37

Aira, Naomi. "Lactate Dehydrogenase and Citrate Synthase activity in cardiac and skeletal muscle of lowland and highland tinamous." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-98058.

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Tinamous (Tinamidae) have the smallest heart in relation to body mass compared to any other flying bird today (Bishop 1997). This means that heart size is likely to restrict aerobic metabolism. Tinamous inhabit areas from sea level to 4800 m a.s.l., which means that the high altitude living species, Nothoprocta ornata (NO), is exposed to hypoxia. In this study the activity of the two metabolic enzymes Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Citrate Synthase (CS) was measured and the ratio between the enzyme activities calculated to examine if the small heart of the tinamous affects their aerobic/anaerobic metabolism. The activity of the two enzymes was measured in the heart and the gastrocnemius muscle in the three species Nothoprocta ornata (NO), Nothoprocta perdicaria (NP) and Gallus gallus (GG). CS activity was significantly higher in the heart compared to the skeletal muscle and LDH activity was significant higher in the skeletal muscle than in the heart in all three species. The LDH/CS ratio was significantly higher in NO’s skeletal muscle than in chickens but there was no significant difference between species in the heart. The higher ratio in NO´s muscle could be a sign of a higher anaerobic metabolism that is used in the muscles to compensate for the small heart NO have. In conclusion, the Tinamous

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38

Rosato, Paula Nunes [UNESP]. "Correlação dos achados bioquímicos na identificação de efusões exsudativas e transudativas em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101231.

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A avaliação laboratorial de uma efusão é relevante para que, em conjunto com os sinais clínicos apresentados pelo paciente, possa ser firmado um possível diagnóstico e instituída ação terapêutica adequada. Assim sendo, a classificação de uma efusão em transudato ou exsudato torna-se um dos pontos críticos para a elucidação do diagnóstico e condução do caso clínico. Em medicina veterinária o método tradicional de classificação de uma efusão é baseado na contagem celular e na concentração de proteínas do fluido, contudo, diversos estudos evidenciam que tais parâmetros não são suficientes para a correta classificação de todas as efusões. Desta forma, o presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de verificar a correlação de outros parâmetros bioquímicos com a diferenciação das efusões transudativas e exsudativas e para tal foram avaliadas as atividades de lactato desidrogenase (LDH) e fosfatase alcalina (FA), bem como a relação de suas atividades fluido/soro, a concentração de lactato, colesterol, proteínas e os gradientes de concentração soro/fluido destas mesmas substâncias e de albumina. Os resultados obtidos permitiram observar e concluir que, dentre os parâmetros avaliados não houve nenhum que apresentasse 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade, contudo, a atividade de LDH, a relação LDH fluido/soro, a concentração de lactato e o gradiente de concentração de lactato soro/fluido apresentam diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05), alta correlação com a classificação de uma efusão exsudativa e transudativa. Assim sendo, estes parâmetros se mostraram mais eficazes na classificação de uma efusão quando comparado com a concentração total de proteínas do fluido
The laboratorial evaluation of this fluid becomes relevant, jointly with clinical signs presented by patient; to become possible the diagnosis definition and institution of appropriate therapeutic. Thus, classification of effusion in exudate and transudate is one of major points to elucidation of diagnosis and conduction of clinical case. In veterinary medicine the traditional method of an effusion classification is based on cellular counting and protein concentration of the fluid, however, several studies evidence that such parameters are not enough for the correct classification of all kinds of effusions. Considering this, the present study aimed to verify the correlation of some biochemical parameters with the differentiation of transudatives and exudatives effusions. To perform this, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (FA) were appraised, as well as the relationship of their activities with fluid/serum; lactate, cholesterol and proteins concentration and fluid/serum gradients of concentration of these same substances and albumin. The results allowed to observe that, among the appraised parameters, the activity of LDH, relationship LDH and fluid/serum, lactate concentration and lactate serum/fluid gradient of concentration present statistically significant difference (p<0,05), as well as a high correlation with the classification of an exudative and transudative effusion. Therefore, these parameters were shown to be more effective in the classification of an effusion when compared with total proteins concentration in the fluid

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39

Hirata, Rosario Dominguez Crespo. "Determinação das atividades da ATP:creatina-fosfotransferase (E.C. 2.7.3.2) e da L-lactato:NAD-oxidorredutase (E.C. 1.1.1.27) e de suas isoenzimas em indivíduos portadores de neoplasias gástricas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1987. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-25032008-154332/.

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As atividades enzimáticas e isoenzimáticas da CK e da LD foram determinadas nos tecidos gástricos neoplásico e da margem de ressecção e no soro de indivíduos com adenocarcinoma de estômago, submetidos à gastrectomia. O tecido gástrico neoplásico aapresentou índices CKBB/Cktotal e LD5/LD1, bem como atividade da LD5, superiores aos da margem de ressecção correspondente. No pré-operatório, os indivíduos estudados apresentaram elevação da atividade sérica da CK BB (100%) e da CK MB (69%). Este fato, possivelmente, resultou da liberação dessas isoenzimas pelo próprio neoplasma ou, também pelo tecido normal adjacente. As atividades séricas das isoenzimas da LD apresentaram-se dentro dos valores de referência, nesse período. Após a gastrectomia, houve aumento significativo das atividades isoenzimáticas séricas da CK e da LD relação àquelas do pré-operatório, notadamente, no 1º período pós-operatório. Tais alterações foram atribuídas à liberação dessas isoenzimas pelos tecidos lesados durante o ato cirúrgico.
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40

Williams, Wendy Ann 1960. "Changes in blood parameters, muscle myoglobin and muscle lactate dehydrogenase of the Common Murre (Uria aalge) during maturation." Thesis, Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 1992, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9933.

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Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Bibliography: Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-99). Description: xii, 99 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
Blood oxygen carrying capacity, myoglobin levels and LDH isozyme compositions in the heart, gastrocnemius and pectoralis muscles were determined in Common Murre adults and during maturation of the chick at sea. Oxygen stores in the chick (hemoglobin, hematocrit, muscle myoglobin) increased significantly with growth. High levels of the aerobic isozyme, LDH 1, were maintained throughout maturation in the heart. All five LDH isozymes were maintained at similar levels in the gastrocnemius muscle. The pectoralis showed an increase in LDH 1, 2, 3, and 4, yet retained relatively high levels of LDH 5 throughout maturation. Upon leaving the nesting colony, metabolic capacities in the heart and gastrocnemius of the chick are similar to those of adults. The chick pectoralis tissue, however, gains aerobic capacities with maturation which is concomitant with the needed capacity for aerial and aquatic flight upon fledging.

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41

Moura, Dagnou Pessoa de. "Relação entre marcadores de dano tecidual e desempenho físico com a intensidade e ações técnicas no jogo de futebol sub-20." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/155938.

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O futebol é um esporte com ações de alta intensidade, implicando em aumento de dano tecidual, que pode ser mensurado pela análise de marcadores bioquímicos, como a creatina quinase (CK), lactato desidrogenase (LDH) e mioglobina (Mb). Os testes físicos mais utilizados para determinar a aptidão física dos jogadores são: teste aeróbio intermitente de Yo-yo, velocidade de 10 e 30 metros, corridas repetidas anaeróbias (RSA, 6 x 20-20 m) e impulsão vertical squat e contra movimento (IVSQUAT e IVCMV). Entretanto, a relação entre o nível de aptidão física do jogador, seu desgaste durante a partida com a intensidade na qual ele joga e com as ações técnicas é pouco estudada. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo: verificar se os jogadores que apresentam melhor desempenho nos testes físicos também têm maior participação com a bola e jogam em maior intensidade; verificar quais indicadores de dano muscular no jogo se relacionam com a aptidão física, as ações técnicas e a intensidade do jogo de futebol; bem como, verificar a relação entre CK, LDH e Mb com a intensidade do jogo. O presente estudo contou com 11 jogadores de futebol de uma equipe participante do Campeonato Paulista da primeira divisão. Os jogadores passaram por avaliação antropométrica e avaliação das capacidades físicas (Yo-yo, RSA, 10 e 30 metros e IV). A FC do jogo foi monitorada durante duas partidas oficiais para determinar a carga do jogo, pelo impulso de treinamento (TRIMP). Duas horas antes do início e após o jogo foram coletadas amostras de sangue (5 mL) para dosagem de Mb (pré-jogo e 30 min) e CK e LDH (pré-jogo e 24 h). As partidas foram filmadas para determinar as ações técnicas dos jogadores. A normalidade dos dados foi verificada com o teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Para determinar se houve diferença pré e pós-jogo entre CK, LDH e Mb foi realizado o teste - t Student. A relação entre os testes de aptidão física e ações técnicas, marcadores de dano tecidual e FC do jogo foi feita por meio da correlação de Pearson. O nível de significância foi fixado em p≤0,05. LDH correlacionou-se significantemente com os 10-m, enquanto que a Mb apresentou correlação com RSAdecai , IVCMV, 10-m e 30-m. TRIMP do jogo apresentou correlação com bola perdida, finalização certa e errada, Yo-yo e RSAmelhor. O número de desarmes teve correlação com o Yo-yo, RSAmelhor, 30-m, IVSQUAT e IVCMV, já os passes certos correlacionaram-se com IVSQUAT e os contatos com a bola com RSAmelhor, IVSQUAT e IVCMV. Mb apresentou maior sensibilidade com a aptidão física dos jogadores, em comparação com CK e LDH. TRIMP do jogo não tem relação com os marcadores de dano tecidual e, por fim, os jogadores com maior aptidão física apresentam melhores desempenhos técnicos.
Soccer is a sport with high intensity actions, involving an increase in tissue damage, which can be measured by the analysis of biochemical markers such as creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and myoglobin (Mb). The physical tests most used to determine the physical fitness of the players are: Yo-yo intermittent aerobic test, 10 and 30 meters speed, repeated anaerobic races (RSA, 6 x 20-20 m) and vertical squat and counter-movement (IVSQUATand IVCMV). However, therelationship between the level of physical fitness of the player, his wear during the match with the intensity in which he plays and the technical actionsis little studied. Therefore, the present study has as objective: to verify if the players that present better performance in the physical tests also have higherparticipation with the ball and play in higherintensity; to verifywhich indicators of muscle damage in matches relate to physical fitness, technical actions and intensity of the soccermatch; as well as,toverifythe relationship amongCK, LDH and Mb with the intensity of the match. The present study had 11 soccer players from a team participating in the First Division Paulista Championship. The players underwent anthropometric evaluation and assessment of physical abilities (Yo-yo, RSA, 10 and 30 meters and IV). The HFof the game was monitored during two official matches to determine the loading of the game by the training impulse (TRIMP). Two hours before and after the game blood samples (5 mL) were collected for MB (pre-game and 30 min) and CK and LDH (pre-game and 24 h) dosages. The matches were filmed to determine the technical actions of the players. The determine the technical actions of the players. The normality of the data was verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test. In order to determine if there was pre and post-match difference between CK, LDH and Mb, Student-t-test was performed. The relationship between physical fitness tests and technical actions, markers of tissue damage and HR of the game was made through Pearson's correlation. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. LDH was significantly correlated with 10-m, whereas Mb presented correlation with RSAdecai, IVCMV, 10-m and 30-m. TRIMP of the game presented correlation with lost ball, right and wrong finalization, Yo-yo and RSAbetter. The number of disarrangescorrelated with the Yo-yo, RSAbetter, 30-m, IVSQUATand IVCMV, and the correct passes correlated with IVSQUAT and the contacts with the ball with RSAbetter, IVSQUATand IVCMV. Mb presented greater sensitivity with the physical fitness of the players compared to CK and LDH. TRIMP of the game has no relation with the markers of tissue damage and, finally, the players with greater physical aptitude present better technical performances.

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Mendonça, Ivone Camargo Damasceno. "Biomarcadores de lesão na nefropatia falciforme." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3764.

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Sickle cell anemia is a disorder of genetic hemoglobin more common around the world, characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin S. The phenomena of vaso-occlusion and anemia characteristics cause tissue damage leading to organ damage, including the kidneys. The various types of renal abnormalities occur primarily in the renal medulla. Clinical manifestations of sickle cell nephropathy start early, often before one year of age with glomerular hyperfiltration, hyposthenuria, renal tubular acidosis distal and, over time, increase in albuminuria. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is considered a useful marker of hemolysis and its levels are very high in the presence of intravascular hemolysis, as indicated by some authors as associated with various complications related to hemolysis, including renal complications. In order to identify laboratory variables associated with renal injury in patients with sickle cell anemia, a cross-sectional study was conducted in children, teenagers and young adults treated in the hematology ward of the HU-UFS, from October 2010 to June 2011. Laboratory tests were performed in 124 patients with sickle cell anemia, mean age 13.3 + 6.4 years (2 - 32 years), 56.5 % were male. There was a frequency of microalbuminuria and proteinuria 19.4 % and 18.5% respectively. The frequency of glomerular hyperfiltration was 63.7 %. Elevation of LDH occurred in 95 % of patients and correlated positively with microalbuminuria, with percentages of reticulocytes and inversely with average rates of hemoglobin. Although univariate analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the levels of LDH and microalbuminuria, these values were not significantly different between patients with or without microalbuminuria, suggesting that the association with renal injury is not specific, since it was also associated with markers of hemolysis. It is concluded that, levels of LDH present variability independently of microalbuminuria, because LDH levels were not able to distinguish patients with and without microalbuminuria.
A Anemia Falciforme é uma desordem da hemoglobina de caráter genético, mais comum em todo o mundo, caracterizada pela presença da hemoglobina anormal S. Os fenômenos de vaso-oclusão e anemia característicos da doença causam danos aos tecidos levando à lesão de órgãos, entre eles os rins. Os vários tipos de anormalidades renais ocorrem principalmente na medula renal. Manifestações clínicas de nefropatia falciforme começam cedo, muitas vezes antes de um ano de idade com hiperfiltração glomerular, hipostenúria, acidose tubular renal distal e, ao longo do tempo, aumento de albuminúria. A desidrogenase láctica (DHL) é considerada um marcador útil de hemólise e seus níveis encontram-se bastante elevados na presença de hemólise intravascular, sendo apontada por alguns autores como associadas a várias complicações relacionadas à hemólise, inclusive complicações renais. Com o objetivo de identificar variáveis laboratoriais associadas à lesão renal em portadores de anemia falciforme, foi realizado um estudo transversal em crianças, adolescentes e jovens adultos, atendidos no ambulatório de hematologia do HU-UFS, no período de outubro de 2010 a junho de 2011. Exames laboratoriais foram realizados em 124 pacientes com anemia falciforme, idade média de 13,3 + 6,4 anos (2 a 32 anos), 56,5 % do sexo masculino. Observou-se uma frequência de microalbuminúria e proteinúria de 19,4 % e 18,5 % respectivamente. A frequência de hiperfiltração glomerular foi de 63,7 %. Elevação de DHL ocorreu em 95 % dos pacientes e correlacionou-se positivamente com a microalbuminúria, com a contagem de reticulócitos e inversamente com taxas médias de hemoglobina. Apesar de a análise univariada revelar uma correlação positiva significativa entre os níveis de DHL e microalbuminúria, estes valores não foram significativamente diferentes entre os pacientes com ou sem de microalbuminúria, sugerindo que a associação com lesão renal não é específica, uma vez que houve também associação com marcadores de hemólise. Conclui-se que, níveis de DHL apresentam variabilidade de forma independente da microalbuminúria, pois níveis de DHL não foram capazes de discriminar pacientes com ou sem microalbuminúria.

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43

Hunter, I. "A study of the intracellular and extracellular levels of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in the megaloblastic anaemias." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372842.

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Nguyen, Boisse Thanh Thuy. "Microbiocapteurs conductimétriques utilisant des oxydoréductases : de la conception à l’application à l’environnement et l’agroalimentaire." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10111/document.

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Les biocapteurs sont des moyens d'analyse en plein essor à la fois rapides, sélectifs et peu coûteux applicables à des domaines extrêmement variés (environnement, santé, agroalimentaire,…). Dans ce type d'outil, un élément sensible de nature biologique (anticorps, enzyme, microorganisme, ADN…) doté d'un pouvoir de reconnaissance pour un analyte ou un groupe d'analytes est associé à un transducteur pouvant être de type électrochimique, optique ou thermique. Dans ce travail, nous nous sommes intéressés au développement de trois biocapteurs utilisant des enzymes de la famille des oxydo-réductases (alcool oxydase, lactate oxydase et formaldéhyde déshydrogénase) pour la détection d'analytes d'intérêt dans le domaine de l'agroalimentaire ou de l'environnement (alcools, lactate et formaldéhyde). Les trois enzymes ont été immobilisées sur des microélectrodes interdigitées en or en vue d'une détection conductimétrique. Nous avons cherché à mieux comprendre le fonctionnement des biocapteurs et optimisé le procédé d'immobilisation des enzymes ainsi que différents paramètres de fabrication ou de mesure afin de maximiser les performances analytiques des outils développés (sélectivité, limite de détection, reproductibilité, stabilité). Nous avons également démontré les potentialités d'application des deux biocapteurs conductimétriques à base de lactate oxydase et de formaldéhyde déshydrogénase pour la détection du lactate dans les produits laitiers et du formaldéhyde dans les eaux
Biosensors are rapid, selective and inexpensive devices that combine a biological recognition element, the so-called bioreceptor (e.g. enzymes, antibodies, DNA or microorganisms) to a physical transducer (e.g. electrochemical, optical, thermal or piezoelectrical). They can be used to detect one specific analyte or one family of analytes for a wide range of applications (e.g. environment, food, health). In this work, we developed biosensors based on three oxidoreductases (alcohol oxidase, lactate oxidase and formaldehyde dehydrogenase) for primary alcohols, lactate and formaldehyde analysis. The three enzymes were immobilized on interdigitated gold microelectrodes in view of conductometric detection. We tried to achieve a better understanding of biosensors processing and optimized enzyme immobilization as well as several fabrication or operational parameters to maximize analytical performances (selectivity, detection limit, reproducibility and stability). We also demonstrated the applicability of both conductometric biosensors based on lactate oxidase and formaldehyde dehydrogenase for the detection of lactate in dairy products and formaldehyde in waters

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Young, Sarah Jane. "The detection of organic aqueous pollutants using inhibition of enzyme activity : a model system based on lactate dehydrogenase and pentachlorophenol." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311878.

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Wang, Zhiyu, and 王志宇. "Identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in Spatholobus suberectus targeting on LDH-A in breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48329423.

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Although clinical outcomes of some cancer have been greatly improved by advancements made in surgery, chemo or radiotherapy and development of novel strategies such as molecular targeted therapy, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is particularly appreciated for cancer therapy in China based on its 5,000-year-old history, well established theoretical system and numerous exciting case reports. However, due to lack of quality assurance, laboratory evidences and well-designed clinical trials, TCM always encounters much skepticism and pessimism by the West. The study aims to identify the bioactive compounds in a Chinese herb Spatholobus suberectus (SS, 雞血藤) by targeting on lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) in breast cancer. Glycolysis inhibition has been considered as important strategy to block cancer energy metabolism and therefore suppressing cancer growth. LDH-A has been demonstrated to be up-regulated in various cancer cells. In our study, 46 breast cancer specimens were collected to study the relation between LDH-A expression and clinicopathological characteristics including menopause, tumor size, node involvement, differentiation and pathological subtypes classified by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her-2. LDH-A expression was found to be correlated significantly with breast cancer size and independent with other clinicopathological factors. LDH-A silencing in breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 resulted in an inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, elevated intracellular oxidative stress, induction of mitochondiral pathway apoptosis and limited tumorigenic ability, indicating that LDH-A inhibition might offer a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. SS is historically recommended to invigorate blood circulation and has been prescribed to treat diseases relating to blood stasis syndromes including menstrual abnormalities, anemia, numbness of the limbs, arthritis and cancer, etc. Our following study revealed that SS aqueous extracts could significantly inhibited breast cancer LDH-A expression and activity in both in vitro and in vivo models built by MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. Bioactivity guided fractionation based on LDH-A activity, apoptosis and LDH-A expression further identified epigallocatechin (EGC) as the key compound responsible for the inhibited LDH-A expression. Mechanistic studies found that the inhibitory effect of EGC on LDH-A expression was mainly through promoting Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) proteasome degradation rather than inhibiting transcription activity, which might be correlated with decreased binding between HIF-1α and Hsp90. Consistent with in vitro findings, EGC was also demonstrated effecitve in suppressing breast cancer growth in vivo correlating to down-regulation of LDH-A, HIF-1α and triggerment of apoptosis. This study provides preliminary laboratory evidences for applying SS in breast cancer therapy. However, further research is needed to evaluate its metabolism, the synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic agents and clinical efficiency.
published_or_final_version
Chinese Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Kyomuhangi, Annet. "DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NONRADIOACTIVE METHODS FOR MONITORING T LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE TO EQUINE ARTERITIS VIRUS (EAV) IN HORSES." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/39.

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Target cell lysis is the hallmark of immune effector responses of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes. The most commonly used assay to measure target cell lysis is the 51Cr release assay and is considered the ‘gold standard’. However, this assay has many disadvantages that limit its use by most laboratories. Thus, several alternative assays have been developed. Some of these alternative assays are more sensitive, easy to perform and do not use radioactive elements. In this study, four of these assays were evaluated for their ability to detect antigen- specific CTL responses in equine blood. Three long-term equine arteritis virus (EAV) carrier stallions, two vaccinated stallions and one naïve stallion were included in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood collected of these stallions to be used as effector cells. The PBMCs were stimulated with EAV in vitro for 7-10 days to generate antigen-specific effector cells. The granzyme B assay, the Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)/7-Aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) assay and the Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were performed using these effector cells and autologous equine dermal cells (isolated from each stallion) as target cells. The first two assays (i.e., granzyme B and CFSE/7AAD assays) were difficult to optimize for this study because they work well with non-adherent targets and require immediate flow cytometry analysis. The LDH assay, however detected CTL lysis in one of the two vaccinated stallions at day 99 post vaccination and no response was detected in PBMCs isolated from carrier stallions and control stallion. Based on these findings, the LDH assay is the most suitable assay since it works well with adherent target cells, it produces quantitative data, and is ideal for high-throughput screening.

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48

Marschke, Ronald James. "Milk enzymes as diagnostic indicators of milk secretory disorders." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1987. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36796/1/36796_Marschke_1987.pdf.

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Studies were carried out on two enzymes of bovine milk, N-acetyl-8-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which are indicators of the udder disease mastitis. The main objective of this study was to determine the origins of NAGase and LDH in milk. The approach used was to examine the differences in multiple forms of the enzymes in mammary gland, blood leucocytes and blood plasma by various separation procedures. The molecular weight forms of NAGase in mammary gland and polymorphonuclear leucocytes showed pH-dependent association-dissociation behaviour on gel filtration, but this property was not apparent for blood plasma NAGase. Improved differentiation of NAGases was achieved by ion exchange chromatography at pH 7.0. This method was used to estimate the contributions from the individual sources t6 the total NAGase activity in milk. Mammary gland was the major source of NAGase in normal and mastitic milk. There was a significant contribution from leucocytes in mastitic milk but the contribution from blood plasma was low. The distributions of LDH isoenzymes were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Similar patterns for PMN leucocytes and blood plasma precluded the use of isoenzyme separations for differentiating between LDH enzymes from these two sources. The predominance of the LDH-1 isoenzyme in normal milk indicated that LDH originated from mammary tissue in the healthy udder. In mastitic milk, LDH contributions from all sources were apparent. During these studies, assay procedures for the determination of LDH in milk were developed and a colormetric kit test assessed as a field procedure for testing quarter milks. Positive test results with the kit were unreliable, particularly for freshly-collected milk. Improved diagnostic efficien¢y was achieved using a spectrophotometric assay for LDH. Application of the NAGase and LDH tests to the diagnosis of mastitis in goat's milk showed that changes in milk enzyme levels with minor pathogen infections were insufficient to allow discrimination between uninfected and infected halves.

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Passaquin, Anne-Catherine. "Interferon et syntheses hormono-inductibles : etude de l'effet de l'interferon sur la synthese de la lactate deshydrogenase inductible par les catecholamines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13109.

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50

Mohan, Anand. "Myoglobin redox form stabilization : role of metabolic intermediates and NIR detection." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2310.

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