Academic literature on the topic 'Lac Insect'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Wang, Weiwei, Pengfei Liu, Qin Lu, Xiaofei Ling, Jinwen Zhang, Ming-Shun Chen, Hang Chen, and Xiaoming Chen. "Potential Pathways and Genes Involved in Lac Synthesis and Secretion in Kerria chinensis (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) Based on Transcriptomic Analyses." Insects 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2019): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10120430.
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Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene esters. In this study, we measured lac secretion rates by the insect Kerria chinensis at different developmental stages and identified lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. We then analyzed transcriptomes of lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. Based on expression profiles of genes in different stages of the insect, we identified pathways and genes that are potentially involved in lac synthesis and secretion in K. chinensis. Our study lays a foundation for future studies to reveal the molecular mechanisms and pathways of lac synthesis and secretion in this beneficial insect.
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Rostaman, Rostaman, and Bambang Sugeng Suryatna. "Evaluasi Produktivitas Kutu Lak, Laccifer lacca Kerr. (Hemiptera: Kerridae) pada Tiga Jenis Tanaman Inang." Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 6, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.6.2.70.
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Lac insects (Laccifer lacca Kerr) live parasitically on “kosambi” plants, and produce resins that are called lac. Lac are used for electronics, printing, textile, clothing, cosmetics, and food industry. The insects also live on various plants. The goal of this research was to evaluate the population quality of Lac insect that live on three host plants. The best parameter for population quality was biomass or lac production. Three host plants were inoculated by broods. The result showed that “kosambi” was the best host plant for the insect due to higher biomass (i.e lac production) than “kabesak putih” and “kabesak hitam” plants.
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Ramani, R., and K. Sharma. "Record of natural infestation of the Indian Lac Insect, Erria Lacca (Kerr) (Coccoidea: Tachardiidae) on Acacia Tortilis (Forsskal) Hayne and Calliandra Surinamensis Benth." Indian Journal of Forestry 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2010-lf2jlk.
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The Indian lac insect Kerria lacca (Coccoidea: Tachardiidae) is a beneficial insect, exploited commercially for lac, from which economically important resin, dye and wax are obtained. Natural infestations of this species have been recorded on two hitherto unreported host plants, Acacia tortilis (Forsskal) Hayne and Calliandra surinamensis Benth. Both species belong to Fabaceae, the family which comprises of about one-thirds of reported lac host species. Fairly large populations of the lac insects of good density have been observed on these hosts, indicative of good survival of the lac insect. The plant characteristics have also been discussed for their suitability from lac cultivation stand point.
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Ramani, R., K. Sharma, and P. Kumar. "A new record of occurrence of indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) (Coccoidea: Tachardiidae) on Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. (Euphorbiaceae)." Indian Journal of Forestry 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2008-2qh9x6.
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The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an economically important insect, which is cultured widely for its products of commerce. Lac insects have been reported to thrive on more than 400 plant species. Occurrence of K. lacca on Euphorbia pulcherrima (Poinsettia), an ornamental plant has been reported for the first time. The infestation level on this plant species is indicative of its potential as an economic host for lac culture for summer crop.
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Taskirawati, Ira, F. Gunawan Suratmo, Dudung Darusman, and Noor Farikhah Haneda. "PELUANG INVESTASI USAHA BUDIDAYA KUTU LAK (Laccifer lacca Kerr): STUDI KASUS DI KPH PROBOLINGGO PERUM PERHUTANI UNIT II JAWA TIMUR." PERENNIAL 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v4i1.179.
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Lac insect (Laccifer lacca Kerr) is phytophogus insect, that feed on Kesambi Tree (Schleichera oleosa Merr). During its life cycle, lac insect has been producing secretion in liquid form, known as LAK and having many uses, such as varnish/polish, food cover, drug capsule, cassette ribbon, etc. In 2005, Perum Perhutani has produced 60.547 kg LAK pellets, but has not fulfilled yet market demand. Cultivation technique is still conducted in a very sampling, and easy to be studied. Investment in developing lac insect is also profitable, and promising. There are two choices of management schemes in it cultivate, the first is by infecting lac insect to the host tree when the tree is 15 years old (project I) and the second is by infecting lac insect when the tree is 4 years old (project I). Financially, the Project II is more beneficial than Project I, so that the investment for project II is reasonable to be done. The value of NPV+22.321.052.395, IRR 16.9%, BCR 1.55 and Net B/C 3.71 with discounted payback period for 10 year 8 months. Key words: Laccifer lacca Kerr, Schleichera oleosa Merr, investment opportunity, strategy in developing
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Mahdihassan, S. "Lakshadia communis the wild lac-insect." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 53, no. 1-4 (August 26, 2009): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1963.tb02898.x.
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Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Huanhuan Chen, Shahzad Munir, Weiwei Wang, Hang Chen, Yong-Kang Sima, and Jiandong An. "Unraveling the Role of Lac Insects in Providing Natural Industrial Products." Insects 13, no. 12 (December 5, 2022): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13121117.
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In the current era, products made from organic materials enjoy a privileged position because of their inherent safety. The eco-friendly properties of natural lac resins have increased their demand in many industries. It is secreted by sucking insects (Hemiptera, Kerriidae) and comprises three major components, viz., resin, dye, and wax. Lac insects are generally bivoltine in nature and are distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions with complex multi-trophic habitats. Because of their sedentary habits, lac insects are more vulnerable to predators, parasitoids, squirrels, and rats, leading to a more than 50% reduction in production yield. To increase lac production, advanced-level molecular research is required to figure out the mechanism behind lac synthesis and secretion to improve lac yield and quality. The present review highlights metamorphosis, sexual dimorphism, multi-trophic habitat, host plants, and natural enemies of lac insects, lac composition, and applications, emphasizing the role of microbes, potential lac genes, and lac synthesis mechanisms in enhancing lac quality and production. The information provided here might be useful for lac researchers and for stakeholders aiming to make their products more eco-friendly.
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Lokeshwari, R. K., and T. Shantibala. "A Review on the Fascinating World of Insect Resources: Reason for Thoughts." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2010 (2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/207570.
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Insect resources are vast and diverse due to their enormous diversity. The exploitation and utilization of insect resources is broadly classified into four different categories. The first category is the insects of industrial resources. This level includes the utilization of silk worm, honeybee, lac insect, dye insect, and aesthetic insect. The second category is the utilization of insects for edible and therapeutic purposes. Insects are high in protein and many are rich sources of vitamins and minerals. The third category is the use of insects in forensic investigation. By analyzing the stages of succession of insects at first, rough estimation of the postmortem intervals can be done. The fourth category is the insects of ecological importance. Many insect species act as potential predators and parasites of destructive pests of insect order Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Orthoptera. Insects are also used as bioindicator to assess the cumulative effects of environmental stressors such as pollutants. Despites these fascinating benefits, insect resources are often neglected in India due to lack of proper documentation, less expertise, and advance enterprises in these fields. Hence, the paper reviews the different fascinating facets of insect resources in order to explore and utilize it in a sustainable way with reference to Indian region.
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Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Weiwei Wang, Xiaofei Ling, Jinwen Zhang, Qin Lu, Rui He, and Hang Chen. "Characterization of Potential Molecular Markers in Lac Insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) Responsible for Lac Production." Insects 13, no. 6 (June 14, 2022): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13060545.
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Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an important lac insect extensively used in industrial products in the form of resin, wax and dye. The scarce knowledge on molecular markers for K. lacca is a barrier in elucidating genetic information. Our study identified a total of 16,921 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 6231 insertions and deletions (InDels)—of which, intergenic variation accounted for 41.22% and 56.30%, and exonic variation accounted for 39.10% and 17.46%, of SNPs and InDels, respectively. Observation of SNPs suggested that nucleotide substitution frequency and transition to transversion (Ts/Tv) ratio were highest at the late adult stage, 3.97, compared to at the other stages, with a genome-wide Ts/Tv ratio of 2.95. The maximum number of SNPs, 2853 (16.86%), was identified in chromosome 8, while the lowest, 1126 (6.65%), was identified in chromosome 7. The maximum and minimum numbers of InDels were located on chromosome 1 and 7, with 834 (13.38%) and 519 (8.33%), respectively. Annotation showed that highest numbers of exonic and intergenic SNPs were present at the late adult stage, whereas the maximum number of InDels was found at the larval stage. On the basis of gene function, 47 gene variations were screened and 23 candidate genes were identified in associations with lac production. Concluding work will enhance knowledge on molecular markers to facilitate an increase in lac production in K. lacca as well as other lac insects.
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Bhatnagar, Pratibha, Balram Lodhi, Ramdeen Bhalavi, and Sunil Prajapati. "Record of lac insect occurrence in Maharashtra." Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/j.ento.2022.v10.i1c.8935.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Vargas, Niño Andrea Patricia. "Contatos interindividuais mediando sociabilidade em cupins (Insecta: Isoptera)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3981.
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Os cupins apresentam uma alta complexidade social, onde os indivíduos que compõem uma colonia presentam uma divisão reproductiva do trabalho, na qual muitos indivíduos trabalham a favor de uns poucos que se reproduzem. A evolução dessa alta complexidade social tem sido um tema de pesquisa muito interesante, assim como os comportamentos sociais desses organismos. Entretanto um aspecto chave das mesmas interações sociais tem sido subestimado. Os efeitos do grupo vão mais além das simples vantagens na reprodução, proteção contra predadores ou melhoramento no forrageamento. O objetivo do trabalho foi testar se existe um efeito do tamanho do grupo e da complexidade social, sobre o numero de interações per capita e da sobrevivência dos indivíduos. Foram realizados experimentos no laboratório, empregando operários de 17 colonias de cupins, correspondentes a 6 especies as quais representam uma sequencia filogenética em Isoptera. Foram separados operários de cada colônia em diferentes tamanhos de grupo, e observadas as interações sociais e comportamentos desenvolvidos entre os indivíduos. Posteriormente foi calculada a sobrevivência promedio dos indivíduos em cada tamanho de grupo e correlacionada com los respectivos dados de interações. Finalmente foram comparados os resultados entre as três famílias de térmitas empregadas no presente estúdio. Os resultados obtidos no trabalho corroboram os resultados obtidos em estudos anteriores, onde o efeito do grupo aumenta a sobrevivência de operários de térmitas. Respeito ao incremento no tamanho de grupo, existe uma diminuição no numero de interações per cápita/segundo. A sobrevivência dos indivíduos é afetada pelo tamanho de grupo, mas não pelas interações per cápita/segundo para ninhuma das espécies estudadas. Entretanto existe uma clara tendência no incremento do numero de comportamentos com o incremento do tamanho do grupo e com a complexidade social.
Las termitas presentan una gran complejidad social, donde los indivíduos que componen una colonia presentan una división reproductiva del trabajo, en la cual gran cantidad de indivíduos trabajan a favor de algunos pocos que se reproducen. La evolución de esta alta complejidad social ha sido un tema de investigación muy interesante, asi como los comportamientos sociales de estos organismos. Sin embargo un aspecto clave de las mismas interacciones sociales ha sido subestimado. Los efectos de grupo van mas allá de las simples ventajas en la reproducción, protección contra depredadores o mejoramiento en el forrajeamento. El objetivo del trabajo fue ensayar si existe un efecto del tamaño de grupo y de la complejidad social, sobre el numero de interacciones per capita y sobrevivencia de los indivíduos. Fueron realizados experimentos en laboratório, utilizando obreros de 17 colonias de termitas, correspondientes a 6 especies las cuales representan una secuencia filogenética en Isoptera. Fueron separados obreros de cada colonia en diferentes tamaños de grupo, y observadas las interacciones sociales y comportamientos desarrollados entre los indivíduos. Posteriormente fue calculada la sobrevivência promedio de los indivíduos en cada tamaño de grupo y correlacionada con los respectivos datos de interacciones. Finalmente fueron comparados los resultados entre las tres famílias de termitas empleadas para este estúdio. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo corroboran los resultados obtenidos por estudios anteriores, según los cuales el efecto de grupo aumenta la sobrevivencia de obreros de térmitas. Se encontró que con el incremento en el tamaño de grupo, existe una disminución en el número de interacciones per cápita/segundo. La sobrevivencia de los individuos es afectada por el tamaño de grupo, sin embargo no es afectada por las interacciones per cápita/segundo para ninguna de las especies estudiadas. No obstante existe una clara tendencia en el aumento del número de comportamientos con el incremento del tamaño del grupo y con la complejidad social.
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Sarmiento-Ponce, Edith Julieta. "An analysis of phonotactic behaviour in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290108.
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This thesis represents a comprehensive examination of the phonotactic behaviour (i.e. attraction to sound) of the female Gryllus bimaculatus under laboratory conditions. Chapter 2 is the first study to analyze the effect of substrate texture on walking performance in crickets. Substrate texture is found to play an essential role in the phonotactic responses of G. bimaculatus. Smooth substrate texture has a detrimental effect due to slipping, whereas a rough texture results in optimal walking performance due to the friction with the walking legs. Chapter 3 represents the first detailed lifetime study analysing phonotaxis in crickets. My results demonstrate that the optimal age to test phonotaxis in G. bimaculatus females is from day 7 to 24 after the final moult. I also found that selectiveness was persistent with age. These findings contradict the female choosiness hypothesis. This study is also the first to describe the effect of senescence on phonotaxis in insects, as responsiveness decreases with age. Chapter 4 compares the phonotactic behaviour of female crickets from different laboratory-bred colonies. From six tested cricket lab colonies, I found three groups statistically different from each other. Females raised under laboratory conditions at the University of Cambridge and Anglia Ruskin University were most reponsive at a frequency of 4.5 kHz, whereas females bred in Tokushima University in Japan were tuned towards a higher frequency of 5 kHz. These results suggest a degree of artificial allopatric speciation. Comparisons with crickets bred under low-quality conditions in a local pet shop demonstrate a loss of responsiveness, indicating that breeding conditions have a direct effect on phonotactic responsivity. Chapter 5 is the first study to report the presence of phonotaxis in males of G. bimaculatus. Previously it was unknown if G. bimaculatus males were able to perform phonotaxis, given that they were only recognised as endurance signal producers. In the present study, only 20% of the studied males (N=70) performed a weak phonotactic response. This finding has potential ecological implications in terms of male cricket territory establishment, and male-male interactions in the wild, which are discussed. Chapter 6 explores the song pattern recognition of the female G. bimaculatus by changing the duration of either the first, second or third pulse of the chirps. A long first pulse decreased the phonotactic response whereas phonotaxis remained strong when the third pulse was long. Chirps with three pulses of increasing duration of 5, 20 and 50 ms elicited phonotaxis, but the chirps were not attractive when played in reverse order. The data are in agreement with a mechanism in which processing of a sound pulse has an effect on the processing of the subsequent pulse, as outlined in the flow of activity in a delay-line and coincidence-detector circuit.
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Sakata, Yuzu. "Temporal dynamics of resistance in an exotic plant Solidago altissima: geographic variation of plant-herbivore interactions in native and invaded range." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215342.
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Moisan-De, Serres Joseph. "Influence du paysage de bleuetières sur les communautés de pollinisateurs indigènes du Lac-St-Jean et évaluation du potentiel de pollinisation des pollinisateurs du bleuet nain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29330/29330.pdf.
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Mkize, Nolwazi. "Insect pests of cultivated and wild olives, and some of their natural enemies, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005403.
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This thesis has two focuses. The first problem facing the olive industry in the Eastern Cape is the growers’ perceptions of both what the industry will provide them and what a pest management program might entail. The second focus is the biology of olive pests in the Eastern Cape in terms of understanding their populations and their natural enemies on private farms, with future hopes of understanding how Integrated Pest Management strategies can be developed for this crop. Eastern Cape private farmers, small-scale farmers and workers from agricultural training institutions were interviewed regarding the history and cultivation of the local olive crop. Only one commercially viable olive grove was identified; other groves were small, experimental pilot ventures. The introduction of olives to small-scale farmers and agricultural training schools was generally a top-down initiative that led to a lack of sense of ownership and the trees being neglected. Other problems included poor human capital; poor financial capital; lack of adequate support; lack of knowledge transfer and stability; lack of communication and evaluation procedures of the project; miscommunication; and finally, olive pests. Apart from hesitancy to plant at a commercial scale, the main problem facing private farmers (Varnam Farm, Hewlands Farm and Springvale Farm) was pests. Therefore an investigation of pests from private farms was conducted ranging from collection of cultivated and wild olive fruit and flea beetle larvae for parasitism, trapping systems both for fruit flies and olive flea beetle adults. A survey of olive fruits yielded larval fruit flies of the families Tephritidae (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), B. biguttula (Bezzi) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)) and Drosophilidae (Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen)) from wild olives (O. europaea cuspidata (Wall. ex G. Don) Cif.) but none from cultivated olives (O. e. europaea L.). Braconid wasps (Opiinae and Braconinae) were reared only from fruits containing B. oleae and B. biguttula. This suggests that B. oleae is not of economic significance in the Eastern Cape, perhaps because it is controlled to a significant level by natural enemies, but B. biguttula may be a potential economic pest. A survey of adult fruit flies using ChamP traps baited with ammonium bicarbonate and spiroketal capsules and Sensus trap baited with methyl eugenol and Questlure confirmed the relative importance of B. biguttula over B. oleae. ChamP traps were over 50 times better than Sensus traps for mass trapping of B. biguttula but both were ineffective for trapping B. oleae and C. capitata. Six indigenous flea beetles of the genus Argopistes Motschulsky (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) were found, three described by Bryant in 1922 and 1944 and three new species. Their morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and mutivariate morphometric analysis. The leaf-mining larvae are pests of wild and cultivated olives in South Africa and threaten the local olive industry. At Springvale Farm, A. oleae Bryant and A. sexvittatus Bryant preferred the upper parts of trees, near new leaves. Pseudophanomeris inopinatus (Blkb.) (Braconidae) was reared from 23 Argopistes larvae. The beetle larvae might not be controlled to a significant level by natural enemies because the rate of parasitism was low. The olive flea beetles showed no attraction to traps containing various volatile compounds as baits. The lace bug, Plerochila australis Distant (Tingidae), was sometimes a pest. It showed a preference for the underside of leaves on the lower parts of the trees. A moth, Palpita unionalis Hübner (Crambidae), was reared in very low numbers and without parasitoids. A twig-boring beetle larva, chalcidoid parasitoids and seed wasps of the families Eurytomidae, Ormyridae and Eupelmidae were also recorded.
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Pinto, Caballero Jesús Antonio. "Identificación de fuentes de alimentación de Panstrongylus Herreri (Hemíptera, Triatominae) mediante una prueba de precipitación, en el distrito de Cajaruro, provincia de Utcubamba, Amazonas - Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/909.
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El presente trabajo, tiene como finalidad identificar las fuentes de alimentación de Panstrongylus herreri procedentes de la localidad de Cajaruro (Utcubamba-Amazonas), donde se señala su presencia en ambientes domésticos y está considerado como vector principal de la Enfermedad de Chagas en el nororiente del Perú. Para ello, se planteó utilizar la prueba de precipitación en tubo capilar conocida como prueba de precipitina, desarrollado en fase líquida; esto nos brinda información acerca del tipo de sangre ingerida por el vector. Para la prueba de precipitación, se empleó como antígeno el contenido intestinal del triatomino y como anticuerpo el antisuero precipitante obtenido de conejos inmunizados con suero de humano, perro, gato, cobayo y pollo. El trabajo consta de dos etapas: en la primera etapa se estandarizó la preparación de antisueros que contenían a los anticuerpos precipitantes, asimismo se utilizó ninfas de Triatoma infestans del IV y V estadío criadas en el laboratorio, las cuales fueron alimentadas con sangre de perro, cobayo y hombre, determinándose el rendimiento de la prueba en cuanto a su sensibilidad y especificidad, y en la segunda etapa se evaluaron ejemplares de Panstrongylus herreri procedentes de dos localidades (El Ron y Hebrón) del distrito de Cajaruro, departamento de Amazonas, a través de la prueba ya estandarizada.The current work has the finality of identify the feeding sources of Panstrongylus herreri obtained from the location of Cajaruro (Utcubamba-Amazonas) where its presence distinguishes in domestic environments and is considered to be a principal vector of Chagas's disease in the nor east of Peru. For it, we propose to use the test of capillary tube precipitation known as precipitin test, developed in liquid phase; this give to us information over the type of blood consumed by the vector. For the precipitation test, there was used the intestinal content of the triatomine bugs as antigen and as antibody the precipitated antiserum obtained of rabbits immunized with human, dogs, cats, guinea-pigs and chickens serums. The work consists of two stages: In the first stage there was standardized the preparation of antiserums that contains the precipitated antibodies, likewise there was used nymphs of Triatoma infestans of IV and V stages maintained in the laboratory, which were fed with dog, guinea-pig and human blood, resolving the yield of the test as his sensibility and specificity, and in the second stage there were evaluated specimens of Panstrongylus herreri proceeding from two localities (El Ron and Hebrón) from Cajaruro's district, department of Amazonas, through the test already standardized.
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Chen-Hussey, Vanessa. "A cluster-randomised trial to assess whether the insect repellent 'N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide'(DEET) can provide additional protection against clinical malaria over current best practice in Lao, PDR." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4646547/.
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Background: Malaria remains a serious threat in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), not just from the direct impact on human health, but also from the emergence and spread of resistance to artemisinin, the last remaining effective antimalarial. Malaria control in this region is therefore a high priority on a global as well as local scale. In the southern region of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) as across much of the GMS malaria vectors are found biting outdoors in the early evening before people are protected by long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLlNs). Therefore there is a need for additional malaria control tools that can protect people during these evening hours. Methods: Human landing catches in a village setting in southern Lao PDR were used to evaluate the protection from evening biting given by repellent lotions containing 10-20% N,Ndiethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). A randomised controlled trial was designed to test the effect of 15% DEET against malaria. A total of 1,597 households were recruited and randomised to either the repellent or a placebo lotion. All households were also provided with LLiNs. The acceptance and compliance with the repellent lotion was assessed through exit questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs). A meta-analysis was then carried out to put the results from the Lao PDR in context with other repellent trials. Findings: All DEET concentrations provided at least 96% protection from evening biting over five hours. However 15% DEET was determined to be the best choice of intervention over 10% DEET after also considering the results of other similar trials. Intention to treat analysis of the randomised controlled trial found no difference between treatment arms after accounting for gender and socio-economic status (incidence rate ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.54- 1.71, p=O.886). According to protocol analyses of participants who used the lotions over 90% of the time also found no effect from repellent use after other factors had been taken into account (incidence rate ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 0.53-3.99, p=0.467). The most important predictor of malaria incidence was socio-economic score which indicated that lower wealth was significantly associated with an increased malaria risk. Although the repellent was well received with over 90% of participants reporting that they liked using the lotions, compliance was still low with fewer than 60% of participants using the lotions more than 90% of the time. It emerged from FGDs that the assumption that local populations were protected from night biting if they were provided with LLiNs was not always true. Adult men and children reported spending time outdoors at night hunting and fishing. The protection from malaria by repellent use in this trial was lower than in other randomised controlled trials carried out in Bolivia, Pakistan and Tanzania. The meta-analysis found that repellent use was associated with a 33% reduction in P. falciparum incidence (95% CI 0.42-1.09, p=O.l1) and a 35% reduction in P. vivax incidence (95% CI 0.18-2.34, p=0.51), however neither figure reach significance. Interpretation: Limitations of this trial include the compliance level which was lower than in other trials. In addition the variability inherent in topical repellents may make them unsuitable for use as an intervention. The outcome of this trial shows that topical insect repellent is not a suitable wide-scale intervention against malaria and does not provide significant protection over and above LLiNs in an area of outdoor biting. However, repellents do undoubtedly reduce biting and therefore their potential to be effective intervention tools remains. Future work should concentrate on forms of repellent that can be better standardised such as impregnated clothing. If successful then further research into mosquito response to repellent is recommended including, where best to apply and the potential for the development of resistance.
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Johnson, Jennifer N. "Lack of Rhythmicity in the Honey Bee Queen: An Investigation of Temporal Behavioral Patterns in Apis mellifera ligustica." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1751.
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Little is known about the behavioral patterns of honey bee queens. To determine if mated honey bee queens possess diel rhythmicity in behavior, we observed them in glass-sided observation hives using three types of observation regimes: focal studies consisting of 2-hour and 24-hour continuous observations as well as scan-sampling of multiple queens. All behaviors (active: walking, inspecting, egg-laying, begging for food, feeding, and grooming self; inactive: standing) occurred at all times of day and night, but no queen showed consistent diel rhythmicity in any of the individual behaviors. There were no consistent diel differences in active versus inactive behaviors or the number of bees in the queen's retinue. This arrhythmicity was unchanged despite daily changes in both light and temperature levels. The arrhythmic behavior observed by most of the honey bee queens inside the colony appears to be similar to that exhibited by worker bees before they initiate foraging behavior.
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Treadwell, Danielle Dion. "Tillage and cover crop management influence weeds, insects, soil and crop nutrients, crop development and yield in organically managed North Carolina sweetpotato Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. systems." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06182005-181203/.
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In 2004, North Carolina supplied 46% of the nations' sweetpotato and generated 79 million dollars for the state but of the 16,000 ha in production that year; only 405 ha were managed according to federal organic standards. A three-year field experiment was initiated in 2001 to evaluate organic sweetpotato ?Beauregard? production systems that varied in cover crop management and tillage. Three organic systems including 1) compost and no cover crop with tillage (Org-NC), 2) compost and cover crop incorporated prior to transplanting (Org-CI), and 3) compost and cover crop with reduced tillage (Org-RT) were compared to a conventionally managed tilled and chemical control (Conv) production system using a randomized complete block design with six replications. All sweetpotato tissue macro and micronutrient concentrations were within sufficiency ranges defined by North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services. Sweetpotato N (4.6%), P (0.5%), and K (4.3%) tissue concentrations were greater in Org-CI compared to remaining systems at 60 DAP in 2004. Monocot and dicot weed density and biomass were similar between Org-NC and Org-CI each year, and with few exceptions were similar to Conv. In Org-RT, high monocot weed density limited sweetpotato vine above ground biomass (154 g m-2) and total yield 11.2 Mg ha-1) in 2002. In 2001, the percentage of No. 1 grade roots was at least 19% greater in Org-CI (65 %) and Org-NC (62 %) than Conv (50 %). In 2002, the percentage of No. 1 roots was similar among Org-CI (74 %), Org-NC (71 %) and Conv (67 %) and similar among systems in 2004. Root quality was assessed based on degree of insect damage by wireworm-Diabrotica-Systena (WDS) complex. In 2001, Org-RT had the highest percentage of marketable roots (68 %) compared to remaining systems (19-43 %). The number of marketable roots was similar among systems in 2001 and 2004, but reduced in Org-RT (1.3 Mg ha-1) compared to remaining systems. Means of wireworm (Melanotus and Conoderus spp.) densities per trap were significantly correlated with degree of root damage. Overall, organic systems performed as well as the conventionally managed system in at least one or more areas.
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Vega, Pallamar Xaviera Paz de la. "Efecto de la fragmentación del bosque Maulino en la composición, riqueza de especies y abundancia de insectos defoliadores de actividad nocturna asociados a Aristotelia chilensis (maqui)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/101890.
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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de:
Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales RenovablesLa deforestación y fragmentación de los bosques nativos son una amenaza a la biodiversidad, alterando la biota e interacciones ecológicas. En el bosque Maulino, la herbivoría sobre Aristotelia chilensis (maqui) es negativamente afectada por la fragmentación del bosque, siendo mayor en el bosque continuo que en los fragmentos, particularmente a inicios de la temporada de crecimiento. Este fenómeno puede deberse a cambios en la dinámica de las poblaciones de defoliadores, esencialmente insectos. En este trabajo se evaluó la abundancia, riqueza de especies y composición de insectos defoliadores de actividad nocturna presentes en A. chilensis en un bosque continuo (600 ha) y en ocho fragmentos remanentes (0,4- 20 ha). Los muestreos se realizaron mensualmente, entre agosto de 2005 y febrero de 2006, en 32 ejemplares adultos de A. chilensis en el bosque continuo y en 32 ejemplares en los fragmentos. Los insectos fueron muestreados durante las 5 primeras horas después del anochecer. En cada árbol, durante 10 min se observaron todas las hojas de 5 ramas, colectando los insectos presentes. Además, se utilizó el método de sacudido de follaje y paraguas entomológico. Se colectaron 890 insectos defoliadores, pertenecientes a 17 familias y 77 especies de Coleoptera, Orthoptera y Lepidoptera. El 93,5% de las especies fueron identificadas a nivel de especie o morfoespecie, siendo todas nativas. La abundancia total no varió según el hábitat. Sin embargo, a nivel de orden, familia o especie hubo un efecto de la fragmentación taxón-dependiente. La riqueza de especies por árbol tampoco fue afectada por la fragmentación del bosque, aunque el número total de especies fue considerablemente mayor en los fragmentos que en el bosque continuo. La similitud de especies fue mayor dentro del bosque continuo que entre el bosque continuo y los fragmentos o que entre los fragmentos. A principios de la temporada (Septiembre), la abundancia de Sericoides obesa, insecto muy voraz, fue significativamente mayor en el bosque continuo que en los fragmentos. Al avanzar en la temporada, Chrysomelidae y Sericoides viridis se hicieron más abundantes en los fragmentos. Estos insectos serían los principales responsables de los patrones de defoliación de A. chilensis en el bosque Maulino.
In this work, the effect of the Maulino forest fragmentation on the abundance, species richness and composition of nocturnal defoliating insects associated with A. chilensis was evaluated. The insects were sampled every month, between August 2005 and february 2006, in 32 A. chilensis trees located in a continuous forest (600 ha) and in 32 trees from eight forest fragments (0,4- 20 ha). Sampling was carried out during the first 5 hours after dusk. 890 defoliating insects from 17 families and 77 species of Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Lepidoptera were collected. All species were native. The total abundance did not vary with habitat fragmentation. Nevertheless, at the ordinal, family or species level there was a taxon-dependent habitat fragmentation effect. The species richness per tree did not vary with forest fragmentation, though the total number of species was considerably higher in the forest fragments. The species similarity was higher within the continuous forest than between the continuous forest and fragments or between the fragments. At the beginning of the season (September), the abundance of Sericoides obesa, a very voracious folivorous species, was significantly higher in the continuous forest than in the forest fragments. Later in the season, Chrysomelidae and Sericoides viridis became more abundant in the forest fragments. These insects seem to be responsible of the defoliating patterns of A. chilensis at the Maulino forest.
Books on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Tratado del cultivo del nopal y de la crianza de la cochinilla, precedido de un viaje a Guaxaca. México, D.F: Conaculta, 2005.
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Yi xue kun chong lan qu. Guiyang Shi: Guizhou ke ji chu ban she, 2000.
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ill, Holub Joan, ed. Breakout at the bug lab. New York: Dial Books for Young Readers, 2001.
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ke, Yang xing. Wai lai ru qin zhong -- qiang da xiao du. Bei jing: Zhong guo lin ye chu ban she, 2005.
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Fengzhu, Wu, Chang Qitian, and Chen Shaohui, eds. Lai guang dong wu yuan. Taibei Shi: Feng che tu shu chu ban you xian gong si, 2006.
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Institute), ILRI Platinum Jubilee National Symposium on Lac in the New Millennium (2000 Indian Lac Research. ILRI Platinum Jubilee National Symposium on Lac in the New Millennium, September 20-21, 2000: Souvenir. Ranchi: The Institute, 2000.
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1955-, Xu Bing, ed. Qi Baishi: Cong qun zhong zhong lai dao qun zhong zhong qu. Beijing Shi: Wen hua yi shu chu ban she, 2010.
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Cetanā. Khyipʻ ʼa kroṅʻʺ si koṅʻʺ ca rā. Ranʻ kunʻ: Cā pe Bimānʻ, 1989.
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Lai Chusheng cao chong shu guo tu ce. Shanghai: Shanghai shu dian chu ban she, 2000.
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Aḥkām al-ḥasharāt fī al-fiqh al-Islāmī. al-Riyāḍ: Maktabat al-Rushd Nāshirūn, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Roxburgh, William. "On the Lacsha, or Lac Insect." In Representing India, 361–64. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003101796-25.
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Sharma, Kewal K. "Understanding the Diversity of Lac Insects of Kerria spp. in India and the Nature of Insect-Host Plant Interaction." In Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection, 219–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99768-1_13.
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Sharma, K. K. "Lac Insects and Host Plants." In Industrial Entomology, 157–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3304-9_6.
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Mawani, Renisa. "Insect wars." In Routledge Handbook of Law and Theory, 279–95. Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315665733-14.
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Morgan, F. David, and Gary S. Taylor. "The White Lace Lerp in Southeastern Australia." In Dynamics of Forest Insect Populations, 129–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0789-9_7.
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Sharma, K. K., A. Roy Chowdhury, and S. Srivastava. "Chemistry and Applications of Lac and Its By-Product." In Natural Materials and Products from Insects: Chemistry and Applications, 21–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36610-0_2.
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Bouchard, Brandon, Bryon Hall, Gaetano Restivo, and Gary Cloud. "Novel Insert Design for Thick Single Lap Bolted Composite Joints." In Application of Imaging Techniques to Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Volume 4, 405–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9796-8_53.
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Oliviero, Stefano. "Da convitato di pietra a protagonista: appunti per una storia del tirocinio." In Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca, 61–70. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-587-5.7.
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Practical traineeship has reached a stage of high juridical and scientific recognition in the initial training courses to become preschool and primary school teachers, but also in the field of methodological and didactic studies. Indeed, since its introduction in the university pathway, at the same time as the birth of degree courses in Science of Primary Education in the nineties of the twentieth century and in the wake of what is provided by the Delegated Decrees, practical traineeship activities have reached a very mature degree of definition. To talk about direct digital integrated practical traineeship (TDDI) means to insert the discourse in the evolutionary line just mentioned. However, in this contribution I will focus only on some steps that I think are useful to reflect on the TDDI experience.
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Millet, Laurent, and Valérie Verneaux. "Evolution des assemblages de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) pendant le Tardiglaciaire dans le Lac du Lautrey (Jura, France): essai de reconstruction paléoenvironnementale." In Lake Systems from the Ice Age to Industrial Time, 99–107. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7992-7_12.
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Ortiz, Esteban, and José Ignacio Morejón. "Social Enterprises and B-Corps in Ecuador." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 553–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_26.
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AbstractEcuador is at the forefront when it comes to legal innovations. In 2008, it was the first country in the region to recognize rights to nature, and in 2020, it became the fourth country worldwide to incorporate a discussion on the benefit of a BIC corporation status into its legal system.BIC corporations enable Ecuadorian companies to prioritize stakeholder governance, transparency, and sustainability in management as well as corporate behavior, driving change in markets. Since their recognition, for-profit corporations in Ecuador have had the option to transform their governance and prioritize the generation of positive material impacts by committing to solve one, or many, social and environmental problems through their business models.This article explains how this small country in Latin America managed to insert this innovation into its legal system and how the recognition of BIC corporations marks a major milestone in the process of changing systems in the region.
Conference papers on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Bedoya, Julian, and Diana M. Rincon. "Wing Geometry and Dynamic Similarity in Insect Flight." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32283.
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The study of insect and bird flight has always been a curiosity, but it is yet to be described as plentifully as fixed wing aerodynamics. The United States military has expressed an interest in this topic, providing some institutions with funding. The main intention for this type of research is to develop small robots resembling insects or birds for use in exploration, surveillance and intelligence. While conceptually these applications could be accomplished with fixed-wing aircraft, there is a tremendous lack of stealth in these vehicles. The velocities associated with the required lift forces for small flapping-wing insect flights are significantly smaller than for insect-size fixed-wing aircraft. Therefore, it is more feasible and practical to aim for flapping wing flight.
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Gorban, Victor, Vasile Voineac, and Valentina Maievschi. "Elemente tehnologice de utilizare a capcanelor cu lumină pentru monitorizarea şi combaterea insectelor dăunătoare." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.21.
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Low efficiency of plant protection means is explained by the lack of a centralized forecasting system for the terms to carry out protective measures, lack of modern methods of obtaining primary data for making up reliable short-term forecasts for the development and spread of pests in agricultural agrocenoses. During last years investigations cowering the elaboration of new systems of integrated plant protection became more active by utilization biorational means of plant protection, and electro optic installations. A great attention is accords to elaboration and selection of sources- attractants and new electro optic structures whice must show a high attractively due to a specific irradiation spectrum and, thus, provide a maximum trapping of harmful insects. Application of the light traps is a more perfect method for phenology investigation of many important, in an economic aspect plant pest, and results of insects gathering can by used for elaboration short-term prognoses of insect pests development for rendering more precise the terms for craning out of protection measures. Further the light traps for insect can be used as an independent mean for plant pest combating. In combination with other methods to combat the use of light traps significantly reduces the number of flying pests, and thus caused them harm.
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Aboelkassem, Yasser, Anne E. Staples, and John J. Socha. "Microscale Flow Pumping Inspired by Rhythmic Tracheal Compressions in Insects." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57061.
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Inspired by the physiological network of insects, which have dimensions on the order of micrometers to millimeters, we study the airflow within a single model insect tracheal tube. The tube undergoes localized rhythmic wall contractions. A theoretical analysis is given to model the airflow within the tracheal tube. Since flow motions at the microscale are dominated mainly by viscous effects, and the tube has radius, R, that is much smaller than its length, L, (i.e. δ = R/L ≪ 1), lubrication theory for axisymmetric, viscous, incompressible flows at low Reynolds number (Re ∼ δ) is used to model the problem mathematically. Expressions for the velocity field, pressure gradient, wall shear stress and net flow produced by the driving tube wall contractions are derived. The effect of the contraction amplitudes, time lag, and spacing between two sequences of contractions on the time-averaged net flow over a single cycle of wall motions is investigated. The study presents a new, insect-inspired mechanism for valveless pumping that can guide efforts to fabricate novel microfluidic devices that mimic these physiological systems. A x-ray image that shows the tracheal network of the respiratory system of an insect (Carabid beetle) and the associated locations of these rhythmic contractions are shown in figure (1) to promote this study.
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Rouss, Gino James, and William S. Janna. "Determination of Discharge Coefficient for Ball Valves With Calibrated Inserts." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59269.
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The valve coefficient was measured for 1, 1-1/4, 1-1/2 and 2 nominal ball valves. A recently designed orifice insert was used with these valves to obtain smaller valve coefficients. Orifice inserts were threaded into the body of a ball valve just upstream of the ball itself. The valve coefficient was measured for every insert used with these valves, and an expression was determined to relate the orifice diameter to other pertinent flow parameters. Two dimensionless groups were chosen to correlate the collected data, and expressions were developed that can be used as aids in sizing the orifice insert needed to obtain the desired valve coefficient. The study has shown that a 2nd order polynomial equation as well as a power law equation can both be used to predict the desired results. Knowing pipe size and schedule, the diameter of the orifice insert needed to obtain the required valve coefficient can be approximated with minimum error. An error analysis performed on the collected data shows that the results are highly accurate, and that the experimental process is repeatable.
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Rouss, Gino James, and William S. Janna. "Determination of Discharge Coefficient for Ball Valves With Calibrated Inserts." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41043.
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The valve coefficient was measured for 1/2-, 3/4- and 1 nominal ball valves. It was desired to use a recently designed orifice insert with these valves to obtain smaller valve coefficients. Orifice inserts were placed into the body of a threaded ball valve just upstream of the spherical control element. The valve coefficient was measured for each insert, and an expression was determined to relate the orifice diameter to other pertinent flow parameters. Two groups were chosen to correlate the collected data, and a graph was developed. These results can be used as an aid in sizing the orifice insert needed to obtain the desired valve coefficient. The study has shown that a two parameter power law equation can be used as an aid in predicting the desired results. Knowing pipe size and schedule, the diameter of the orifice insert needed to obtain the desired valve coefficient can be approximated with minimum error. An error analysis performed on the collected data shows that the results are highly accurate, and that the experimental process is repeatable.
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White, Jacob, Ying Hu, Sangjin Ryu, Seunghee Kim, and Haipeng Zhang. "Geometric Analysis of Insect Wing Vein Network." In ASME 2022 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2022-87031.
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Abstract An insect wing consists of a thin membrane supported by a system of veins, and flow of blood through the system of veins is critical for maintaining healthy insect wings. Better understanding of the insect wing vein circulation requires to know how the efficiency of blood flow in an insect wing relates to the geometric shape of the vein. Our investigation of the wing vein network of a dragonfly Anax junius follows the idea of Murray’s law, which is established in the study of efficiency of the vein network and the geometric shape of the vein. Instead of using the classic Murray’s law for circular cross-sections, we derived a variation of the Murray’s law for vein cross-sections of equilateral triangles. Then, we evaluated the conformity of the studied wing vein network to Murray’s law by measuring the diameter of veins of the forewing of A. junius. Our data suggest that the vein network does not abide by the class Murray’s law and support that the shape of the vein is not cylindrical.
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Alphey, Luke. "Engineered sterile insects: From lab to field." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.90804.
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Elbshbeshy, Amr, Mahmoud Ali, Mostafa Shazly, and Yehia Bahei-El-Din. "Effect of Metallic Insert Design Parameters on the Load-Carrying Capacity of GFRP Bolted Connection." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-93382.
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Abstract Threaded metallic inserts can be embedded between laminates to avoid drilling and prevent the bearing stresses on the hole boundaries. In the present work single lap joint configuration was used to evaluate the joint strength using embedded metallic inserts. The parameters were selected using the Design of Experiment (DOE) to facilitate and control the variables that will be tested. Parameters such as the tightening torque, the specimen length (L), fiber orientation, and loading rate were kept fixed for all tests. Other design parameters such as edge distance to hole diameter (E/D) using 3 levels and the thickness of the specimen (t) were evaluated using 2 levels, 3 replicates for each. Finite element analysis using ABAQUS was conducted to simulate the experiment, and the results of the experimental work were used to validate the FEA model. The failure was initiated in the matrix at the composite-insert contact surfaces. The fiber failure begins in the laminate which is in contact with the metallic insert surface. Progressive delamination and fiber failures led to several peaks in the load-displacement curve before total failure by shear-out. It was found that the joint strength tends to increase with a lower E/D ratio in both single and double layers of fabrics.
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Imura, Tadatsugu, Masaki Fuchiwaki, and Kazuhiro Tanaka. "Dynamic Behaviors of Butterfly Wing and Their Application to Micro Flight Robot." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78513.
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Micro-Air-Vehicle (MAV) and micro-flight robot using insect and bird flight mechanisms has been attracting significant attention in recent years since the micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) have been developed actively. Many researchers have attempted to develop MAV and micro-flight robot with various actuators and devices so far however their studies have not led to practical applications yet. One of the reasons is that flying mechanism of birds and insects has not been clarified sufficiently. In this study, we evaluate dynamic behaviors of a wing observed from the butterfly’s viewpoint in its flight. The authors conduct a flight observation experiment of Cynthia cardui performing a free flight and fixed flight and an image analysis and calculate flapping angles, lead-lag angle and feathering angles of the butterfly performing flapping flight to clarify the relation between them. Furthermore, we aim at developing the micro flight robot like the butterfly using these results. The butterfly realizes its flapping motions by changing not only flapping angles but also lead-lag angles in free and fixed flights. In a free flight, a butterfly performs flapping by greatly changing feathering angles in the wing span direction. The micro flapping robot has two wings and does not have the tail plane. The micro flapping robot flied stably for 12 minutes, which was the battery’s duration. The elastic deformations of a wing are one of the important parameters to realize stable flight performance.
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"Dynamic Mission Planning and Scheduling Using Insect-Inspired Behaviour." In 55th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-04-a.8.03.
Full textReports on the topic "Lac Insect"
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Montes Prado, Millerlandy, Arturo Carabali Muñoz, and Rosa Helen Mira Herrera. Evaluación de métodos de monitoreo de Carmenta foraseminis Eichlin (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) perforador del fruto de Cacao Theobroma cacao. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2017.2.
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Carmenta foraseminis Eichlin (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), perforador del fruto del cacao ( g. 1d), ocasiona pérdidas de hasta el 50 % de la producción, el daño es ocasionado por estados inmaduros del insecto que barrenan la cascara y las semillas del fruto ( g. 1a, b, y c). Gracias a la interacción inter o intraespecífica de los artrópodos con sus hospederos, el empleo de trampas con atrayentes, como feromonas de atracción o de agregación, colores, pegantes, sonidos, aromas, luz entre otros, han resultado eficientes para el monitoreo y la detección de insectos plaga en cultivos comerciales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue probar la eficacia de dos tipos de trampas y tres atrayentes para el monitoreo de adultos de C. foraseminis en un cultivo de cacao.
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Cibrián-Tovar, David, Bernard H. Ebel, Harry O. Yates, and José Tulio Mhdez-Montiel. Insectos de cones y semillas de las coniferas de Mexico. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-gtr-40.
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Kondo Rodríguez, Demian Takumasa, and Yeison Lopez Galé. Manejo de plagas y enfermedades: Diaphorina citri insecto vector del HLB de los cítricos. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.infografia.2022.49.
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La transmisión del HLB se da a través del adulto y ninfas de los instares III, IV y V. El adulto se reconoce por su postura en ángulo de 45°, alas de color castaño, antenas pequeñas y de punta negra. Las ninfas son de color amarillo, ojos rojos, alas primordiales y antenas bien desarrolladas.
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Filippo, Agustín, and Carlos Guaipatín. Modelo de intervención en las cadenas globales de valor de las industrias pesadas y otros sectores estratégicos en México. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003756.
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El nuevo entorno económico global en el que se inserta México, marcado fundamentalmente por el impacto del COVID-19 en una potencial relocalización de las Cadenas Globales de Valor (CGV), la entrada en vigor del T-MEC desde mediados de 2020 y la continuidad de las tensiones comerciales entre Estados Unidos y China, plantea nuevos desafíos y oportunidades para el fortalecimiento de la inserción de México en las CGV que resultan relevantes de identificar como un primer insumo para la política pública. A partir de esos antecedentes, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo México puede aprovechar las oportunidades que se abren ante las nuevas condiciones del entorno global, a través de la identificación de sectores estratégicos, bienes y procesos con potencial de desarrollo de proveeduría local, tal que permitan aumentar la participación del país en las CGV.
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Rodríguez Yzquierdo, Gustavo, and Tatiana Camila Miranda Salas. Plagas del cultivo del maracuyá. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.video.2020.7.
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Este vídeo hace parte de la estrategia de transferencia de tecnología para fomentar la diversificación de la tecnología regional en el marco del convenio AGROSAVIA-Ecopetrol, contiene información sobre algunas plagas del cultivo de maracuyá, los daños que ocasionan y las maneras de controlarlas correctamente, así como de insectos benéficos.
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Heifetz, Yael, and Michael Bender. Success and failure in insect fertilization and reproduction - the role of the female accessory glands. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695586.bard.
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The research problem. Understanding of insect reproduction has been critical to the design of insect pest control strategies including disruptions of mate-finding, courtship and sperm transfer by male insects. It is well known that males transfer proteins to females during mating that profoundly affect female reproductive physiology, but little is known about the molecular basis of female mating response and no attempts have yet been made to interfere with female post-mating responses that directly bear on the efficacy of fertilization. The female reproductive tract provides a crucial environment for the events of fertilization yet thus far those events and the role of the female tract in influencing them are poorly understood. For this project, we have chosen to focus on the lower reproductive tract because it is the site of two processes critical to reproduction: sperm management (storage, maintenance, and release from storage) and fertilization. E,fforts during this project period centered on the elucidation of mating responses in the female lower reproductive tract The central goals of this project were: 1. To identify mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract using DNA microarray technology. 2. In parallel, to identify mating-responsive genes in these tissues using proteomic assays (2D gels and LC-MS/MS techniques). 3. To integrate proteomic and genomic analyses of reproductive tract gene expression to identify significant genes for functional analysis. Our main achievements were: 1. Identification of mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract. We identified 539 mating-responsive genes using genomic and proteomic approaches. This analysis revealed a shift from gene silencing to gene activation soon after mating and a peak in differential gene expression at 6 hours post-mating. In addition, comparison of the two datasets revealed an expression pattern consistent with the model that important reproductive proteins are pre-programmed for synthesis prior to mating. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). Validation experiments using real-time PCR techniques suggest that microarray assays provide a conservativestimate of the true transcriptional activity in reproductive tissues. 2.lntegration of proteomics and genomics data sets. We compared the expression profiles from DNA microarray data with the proteins identified in our proteomic experiments. Although comparing the two data sets poses analyical challenges, it provides a more complete view of gene expression as well as insights into how specific genes may be regulated. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). 3. Development of primary reproductive tract cell cultures. We developed primary cell cultures of dispersed reproductive tract cell types and determined conditions for organ culture of the entire reproductive tract. This work will allow us to rapidly screen mating-responsive genes for a variety of reproductive-tract specifi c functions. Scientific and agricultural significance. Together, these studies have defined the genetic response to mating in a part of the female reproductive tract that is critical for successful fertllization and have identified alarge set of mating-responsive genes. This work is the first to combine both genomic and proteomic approaches in determining female mating response in these tissues and has provided important insights into insect reproductive behavior.
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Houck, Marilyn, Uri Gerson, and Robert Luck. Two Predator Model Systems for the Biological Control of Diaspidid Scale Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570554.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Hemisarcoptes (Acari: Hamisarcoptidae) is a parasite of scale insects (Diaspididae), tenacious pests of vascular plants. Hemisarcoptes also has a stenoxenic phoretic (dispersal) relationship with Chilocorus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Chilocorus feeds on diaspidids, transports mites as they feed, and has been applied to the control of scales, with limited success. U.S.-Israeli cooperation focused on this mite-beetle interaction so that a two-component system could be applied to the control of scale insects effectively. Life history patterns of Hemisarcoptes were investigated in response to host plant type and physical parameters. Field and lab data indicated that mites attack all host stages of scales tested, but preferred adult females. Scale species and host plant species influenced the bionomics of Hemisarcoptes. Beetle diet also influenced survival of phoretic mites. Mites use a ventral sucker plate to extract material from Chilocorus, that is essential for development. Seven alkaloids were found in the hemolymph of Chilocorus and three were characterized. Examination of the subelytral surface of Chilocorus indicated that microsetae play a role in the number and distribution of mites a beetle transports. While Hemisarcoptes can be innoculatd into agroecosystems using various indigenous or imported Chilocorus species, the following are preferred: C. bipustulatus, C. cacti, C. distigma, C. fraternus, C. orbus, and C. tristis.
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Agudelo Chivatá, Nieves Johana, and Patricia Fuya. Leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años, Colombia, 2014 - 2018. Instituto Nacional de Salud, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2020v2n1a2.
Full textAbstract:
Introducción: la leishmaniasis es una zoonosis que afecta la piel, las mucosas y las vísceras, cuyo vector es un insecto (Lutzomyia). Existen diferentes factores de riesgo que favorecen la presencia de los vectores y la enfermedad, tales como: deficientes condiciones socioeconómicas, malnutrición, falta de saneamiento básico, presencia en el entorno de reservorios domésticos y silvestres. En los ciclos doméstico-rural y domésticourbano los vectores llegan al peridomicilio, ingresan a las viviendas y transmiten la infección al núcleo familiar, entre ellos a los niños. Objetivo: identificar las características sociales, demográficas y epidemiológicas de los casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años en Colombia durante el periodo 2014 a 2018. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de casos notificados al Sivigila, del evento leishmaniasis cutánea (2014 - 2018) en menores de 10 años. Las variables analizadas fueron grupo de edad, aseguramiento, pertenencia étnica, departamento y región de procedencia, hospitalización y oportunidad en la consulta de los servicios de salud. Se calcularon medidas de frecuencia, y tendencia central. Resultados: se notificaron 4 764 casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años, más del 50 % de los casos corresponde al sexo hombre del área rural. La tasa de incidencia por grupo de edad más alta corresponde a las edades entre 5 y 9 años. La región Andina y el departamento de Risaralda en el 2018 registraron las incidencias más altas. Conclusión: la leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años al igual que en la población adulta continúa siendo un problema de salud pública y puede estar relacionada con la transmisión en las viviendas o alrededor de estas.
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Brice, Jeremy. Investment, power and protein in sub-Saharan Africa. Edited by Tara Garnett. TABLE, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/d8817170.
Full textAbstract:
The place of protein in sub-Saharan Africa’s food system is changing rapidly, raising complex international development, global health and environmental sustainability issues. Despite substantial growth in the region’s livestock agriculture sector, protein consumption per capita remains low, and high levels of undernourishment persist. Meanwhile sub-Saharan Africa’s population is growing and urbanising rapidly, creating expectations that demand for protein will increase rapidly over the coming decades and triggering calls for further investment in the expansion and intensification of the region’s meat and dairy sector. However, growing disquiet over the environmental impacts of further expansion in livestock numbers, and growing sales of alternative protein products in the Global North, has raised questions about the future place of plant-based, insect and lab-grown proteins in African diets and food systems. This report examines financial investment in protein production in sub-Saharan Africa. It begins from the position that investors play an important role in shaping the development of diets and food systems because they are able to mobilise the financial resources required to develop new protein products, infrastructures and value chains, or to prevent their development by withholding investment. It therefore investigates which actors are financing the production in sub-Saharan Africa of: a) animal proteins such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy products; b) ‘protein crops’ such as beans, pulses and legumes; and c) processed ‘alternative proteins’ derived from plants, insects, microbes or animal cells grown in a tissue culture. Through analysing investment by state, philanthropic and private sector organisations – as well as multilateral financial institutions such as development banks – it aims to establish which protein sources and stages of the value chain are financed by different groups of investors and to explore the values and goals which shape their investment decisions. To this end, the report examines four questions: 1. Who is currently investing in protein production in sub-Saharan Africa? 2. What goals do these investors aim to achieve (or what sort of future do they seek to bring about) through making these investments? 3. Which protein sources and protein production systems do they finance? 4. What theory of change links their investment strategy to these goals? In addressing these questions, this report explores what sorts of protein production and provisioning systems different investor groups might be helping to bring into being in sub-Saharan Africa. It also considers what alternative possibilities might be marginalised due to a lack of investment. It thus seeks to understand whose priorities, preferences and visions for the future of food might be informing the changing place of protein in the region’s diets, economies and food systems.
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Agudelo, Johana, Yolima Reyes, Leslie Bruzón, Viviana Flórez, Zulibeth Flórez, José Bonivento, José Luis Daza, et al. Primer caso identificado de leishmaniasis visceral en el municipio de Hatonuevo, La Guajira, 2018. Instituto Nacional de Salud, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2020v2n1a4.
Full textAbstract:
Introducción: las leishmaniasis son zoonosis que afectan la piel, las mucosas y las vísceras, causadas por un protozoario flagelado del género Leishmania, introducido al cuerpo por la picadura de un insecto flebotomíneo del género Lutzomyia. El 96 % de los casos en esta región, se encuentran en Brasil, Argentina y Colombia (valle del Magdalena y en la zona caribe) (1). Las especies incriminadas como vectores de leishmaniasis visceral son: L. longipalpis, y L. Evansi, y el principal reservorio domestico es el perro. Los objetivos fueron caracterizar el caso e identificar los factores de riesgo involucrados en la transmisión y describir las intervenciones realizadas por la entidad territorial del nivel municipal y departamental. Materiales y métodos: se realizó estudio de brote con investigación epidemiológica de campo (IEC) en el municipio de Hatonuevo-Guajira, barrio Los Mayalitos II, comunidad Guaimarito, y Guamachito. Se aplicaron herramientas de vigilancia activa, encuestas de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, estudio de foco, intervenciones, muestreo canino y de menores sintomáticos. Los datos fueron registrados y procesados en Microsoft Excel 2016®. Se realizó análisis descriptivo con las características del caso, abordaje e intervenciones. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas de frecuencias. Resultados: se establece como un brote de leishmaniasis visceral, caso confirmado por laboratorio, autóctono por las condiciones para la presencia del vector y reservorio positivo: niño de 14 meses, indígena, cuadro clínico de fiebre, trombocitopenia y anemia, confirmado por inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) para leishmaniasis visceral, en el estudio de foco se identificó el vector y reservorio doméstico (canino) positivo en casco urbano. En la búsqueda activa comunitaria no se identificaron niños menores de cinco años con sintomatología compatible con leishmaniasis visceral. Conclusión: se establece un brote de leishmaniasis visceral con un caso confirmado por laboratorio, autóctono por las condiciones para la presencia del vector y reservorio positivo en el municipio de Hatonuevo, La Guajira en el 2018.