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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Labour resistance'
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1
Woodcock, Jamie. "A worker's inquiry in a UK Call Centre : the labour process, management, and resistance." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2015. http://research.gold.ac.uk/11746/.
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This thesis contributes to an understanding of the labour process, management techniques, and the possibilities for resistance in a call centre. The research uses ethnographic methods to focus on a workplace inspired by the different moments of workers inquiry – from Marx, the Johnston-Forest Tendency, Socialisme ou Barbarie, to the Operaismo – and a sociological approach like Burawoy's (1979) extended case method. The study combines a theoretical analysis of the development and organisation of call centres with a detailed ethnographic account. It focuses on the specific features of the labour process and the application of Taylorist principles, developing Taylor and Bain's (1999:109) research on call centre work as creating the experience of ‘an assembly-line in the head.’ It discusses the implications of the shift towards the exploitation of emotional and affective labour. The research considers the role of management and supervision in the call centre, detailing the electronic surveillance, “buzz sessions”, and motivational methods. The analysis re-applies the metaphor that Fernie and Metcalf (1997:3) used to conceptualise call centres as an ‘electronic panopticon’, through a return to Bentham (1995) and Foucault (1991). However, the central argument of this thesis is the ability of workers to resist in call centres, rather than the victory of management. The research uncovers a ‘repertoire of resistance strategies’ similar to those identified by Mulholland (2004) in an Irish call centre: ‘Slammin’ Scammin’ Smokin’ an’ Leavin’.’ These moments of resistance are conceptualised as expressions of the refusal of work, a key theme developed in the thesis. The problem of worker retention is therefore understood as the culmination of these different moments. The analysis of the case study at Trade Union Cover, a private company that sells insurance to trade union members, provides an important insight into the shift towards service unionism and its implications for workers and organisation.
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Sykes, Peggy J. (Peggy Jean) Carleton University Dissertation History. "A history of the Ottawa Allied Trades and Labour Association 1897-1922; a study of working-class resistance and accommodation by the craft worker." Ottawa, 1992.
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Malmquist, Lynne Diane. "Worker resistance in the life strategies of women, a study of secretarial labour, skill, and experience." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20794.pdf.
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Tosun, Mehtap. "Flexible Labour Policy And The Crisis Of Trade Unionism: The Case Of Tekel Workers Resistance In Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613093/index.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine the practices directed to the flexibilisation of the labor brought together with the means of neoliberal structuring and the trade union crisis appeared as an outcome of these in terms of the Tekel Workers&rsquoresistance in Ankara. The theoretical frame of this study is created in the content of the discussions that starting from the Marxist approach on trade unions and the critical view within this approach focus on the reasons of the crisis of the trade unions as a result of the applications of the neoliberal ideological structuring that appeared by the crisis of the accumulated capital during the mid-70&rsquo
s. Over this perspective, the analysis concentrates on the one hand employment models&rdquo
being multi-layered and insecure and on the other, the fragmentation of the class and therefore the representation crisis of the trade unions that are the outcomes of the commodification of the labor by the deregulation, privatization and flexibilisation policies applied in the process of neoliberal hegemony. In this context, the resistance of the Tekel workers that continued non-stop for 78 days is argued basing on the assumption that the process which forces the more flexible, insecure working conditions without any attachment to the trade unions via the application of the neoliberal political apparatuses becomes the common platform/destiny of all the parts of society constituted by different identity structures.
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Hindmarsh, Bruce. "Yoked to the plough : male convict labour, culture and resistance in rural Van Diemen's Land, 1820-40." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4056.
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This thesis is a study of assigned male convict labour in rural Van Diemen’s Land in the period 1820-40. Throughout this period agriculture and pastoralism were centxal to the colonial economy, and this sector was the largest private employer of convict labour, yet there has been no prior sustained investigation of the nature and experience of rural convict employment in Van Diemen’s Land. Research has involved use of records of convict transportation, the records of the convict department, colonial court records, and the correspondence of the colonial secretary’s office. Extensive use has also been made of the colonial press, published contemporary accounts, and unpublished journals of colonists. The thesis begins with a discussion of two oppositional representations of rural convict labour: John Glover’s painting ‘My Harvest Home’, and the ballad ‘Van Diemen’s Land’. These representations demonstrate the polarised debate on the nature of convict labour. Rural convicts have been largely neglected in the recent historiography of convict transportation; this thesis argues that this neglect is unwarranted, and that rural convict labour resists reductionist understanding of convict labour. Chapter 1 examines farming in the colony, demonstrating the importance and vitality of this sector of the economy. Chapters 2-4 discuss convict assignment, management, and convict responses. It is argued that assignment effectively placed those with experience of farm work with rural employers. Convicts’ skills are seen to have been relevant and useful to the rural economy. The management of convict servants operated both formally at the level of the Convict Department regulations and the magistrates bench, and informally on individual properties. Informal management best utilised incentives rather than force. Thus convicts were able to negotiate the authority of their employers through various means, including resistance. Chapters 5-7 discuss the convict experience of rural labour. Material conditions of diet, housing and clothing are examined in chapter 5. Convict recreational culture is investigated in chapter 6; it is argued that convicts created an important site of autonomy in this form. The intimate lives of convict men are discussed in chapter 7. Often seen as brutal and brutalising, it is argued that these relationships were important and meaningful sites in male convict experience.
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Monaco, Lorenza. "Bringing Operaismo to Gurgaon : a study of labour composition and resistance practices in the Indian auto industry." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2015. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23688/.
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ROMENS, ANNE-IRIS. "Coping with essentialism and stratifications: Migrant women with tertiary education in local labour markets of France and Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università di Padova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/381391.
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Migrant women with tertiary education are significantly concerned with over-education, de-skilling and underemployment, as they primarily work in jobs that are not in line with their studies. The dissertation argues that analysing essentialism is crucial to understanding the stratifications of the labour market and comprehending why migrant women continue to be confined in jobs with low social recognition, despite their degrees.
The thesis puts into light that representations based on coloniality, global inequalities and also on conservative and eroticised models of femininity, affect the selection process and finally limit the access that these women have to employment. To explore the influence of essentialism in the assessment of skills, the thesis uses the concept of embodiness. It stresses that recruiters tend to value skills, according to who embodies them, and depending on how candidates are perceived in terms of class, gender, and racialisation. Assessment of skills appears to involve a high level of scrutiny over female candidates' body and habitus, leading to class selectivity and eroticisation of migrant women.
Moreover, the dissertation explores how migrant women with tertiary education are coping, resisting, and eventually challenging essentialism and stratifications. It analyses how they react to their position in the local labour markets, whether they feel downgraded or they have accessed satisfying jobs. In addition, motherhood emerged from fieldwork as a crucial factor that influences migrant women's trajectories. As a result, the dissertation analyses how the interplay of migration, welfare, care, and gender orders conditions access to employment, leading to frequent de-skilling
The local labour markets that were selected in which to conduct fieldwork are those of Veneto, in Italy and Alsace, in France. These two contexts are characterised by different models of care, and of addressing migrants' otherness. The social phenomenon is studied from a variety of perspectives. The dissertation crosses the gazes of migrant women with tertiary education, born in Sub-Saharan African and European non-EU countries, with those of recruiters and social workers. Overall, 52 narrative interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis and biographical policy evaluation. In addition, the dissertation is one of the first studies that uses statistical data to highlight the differential access that migrants with tertiary education have to employment in Italy and France, according to their country of birth and gender.
By studying the challenges faced by migrant women with tertiary education, the dissertation highlights how access to resources and employment is gendered, classed, and racialised and how essentialist processes influence it. It argues that understanding the mechanisms that contribute to reproducing stratifications enables us to design paths towards more equal access to employment and resources.
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Banerjee, Supurna. "Nurturing resistance : agency and activism of women tea plantation workers in a gendered space." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9837.
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This thesis offers an analysis of labour relations and social space in the tea gardens of north-east India. Existing literature provides us with an understanding of how the plantations operate as economic spaces, but in so doing they treat workers as undifferentiated economic beings defined only by their class identity. Space, however, has to be animated to be meaningful. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews I explore the plantations as actual lived spaces where people are bound by and resist constraints. Multiple intersecting identities play out within these social spaces making them ethnic, religious, and caste spaces in addition to being gendered. Focusing on these intersectional identities, I demonstrate how region, ethnicity, party affiliation, caste, religion are played out and how they are invoked at certain points by the women workers. The articulations of identity not only determine a sense of belonging or non-belonging to a space but also how one belongs. Within the physical sites of the plantation, I examine how the women perceive these spaces and how, in moving between ideas of home/world, public/private, these very binaries are negated. The strict sexual division of labour primarily in the workplace but also in the household and villages inscribe the physical sites with certain gendered meanings and performances. The women negotiate these in their everyday lives and shape these spaces even as they are shaped by them. Conditioned by gender norms and the resultant hierarchy their narratives can be read as stories of deprivation and misery, but looking deeper their agency can also be uncovered. The lives of my research participants show how the social spaces within which they operate are not static; in spite of spatial controls there are the many minute acts of resistance through which the women work the existing restraints to their least disadvantage. Focussing on the minute acts of insubordination, deceit and even confrontation I elucidate how the women made use of the relations of subordination to pave spaces of resistance and sometimes even of autonomy. Furthermore, not all acts of agency are minute or unspectacular. I map instances of highly visible, volatile and aggressive protests apparently challenging the accepted social codes within which they function. In expressing themselves, the women use the available political repertories of protest in forms of strikes, blockades, street plays, etc. Through these instances of activism they appropriate and become visible in the public realm and challenge the accepted ways in which social spaces and norms play out. Despite their articulate nature, these protests usually seek to address immediate demands and do not escalate into social movements. Also while volatile in action, the protests seek legitimacy within the accepted gender codes that operate in their everyday life in the plantation.
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Lee, Sohoon. "Migrant women between the law: bargaining kinship, labour, and space - time borders in South Korea." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17709.
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This thesis adds to the expanding literature on temporary migration by exploring the temporality of marriage and co-ethnic migration. It uses a combination of ethnography, in-depth interviews and analysis of laws and policies to examine the mobility of Vietnamese and Korean-Chinese (joseonjok) women to South Korea on what this thesis calls ‘temporary ethno-kinship visa programs’. It pays attention to the relationship between cross-border families, the formation and crossing of the border, and migrant women’s intimate labour. This thesis analyses the multiplicity of borders, particularly the multi-step process of crossing the ‘spatio-temporal’ border. Interrogating a temporal element of the border helps us understand new ways in which contemporary borders are spatialised and how the state shapes, reinforces and maintains contemporary borders. Such ‘bordering practices’ include the state placing a temporal limit on one’s visa as part of the system of multiple borders. The borders are no longer just territorial but individualised and dependent on bodily practices and relationships migrants maintain with the citizens and the destination state. Migrant women in South Korea constitute an embodiment of ‘borderlands’ with shifting boundaries drawn according to the relationships they form with South Korean citizens and, ultimately, the state. As a result, Vietnamese marriage migrants (who enter South Korea on the basis of their marriage to South Korean men), and Korean-Chinese migrants (who are granted entry through ‘real’ and ‘imagined’ ethno-kinship relations) experience distinct configurations of borderscape. Migrant women in this study bargain with the state using various forms of intimate labour to cross the border and claim membership of the state. The market functions as a site where the commodification of intimate labour offered by migrant women intersects with the ‘financialisation’ of opportunities to cross the border. This encounter allows migrant women to ‘sell’ their intimate labour and ‘buy’ services to cross the border. Through ethnography and in-depth interviews, this thesis examines how migrants creatively utilise market forces in response to restrictive immigration measures, while bearing the risks and insecurities of the informal market.
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Hochreuther, Eva-Maria. "Resistance under repression. The political mobilisation of female migrant domestic workers in Lebanon." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22868.
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The aim of this thesis is to understand how the political mobilisation of migrant domestic workers (MDWs) employed in Lebanon started and continued. It also tries to comprehend how some of them could found a politically active collective of MDWs, the Alliance of Domestic Workers in Lebanon (Alliance), by analysing what factors enabled and restrained the open political activism of MDWs from their first steps as activists until now. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with two founding members and seven international and Lebanese organisations, the MDWs´ political mobilisation is chronologically recaptured. Extending Lahusen´s definition of political mobilisation, the thesis critically reflects on Johnston´s concept for protest to evolve in repressive states. The analysis shows that the women activists are left in a lawless position and refer to the free spaces of Lebanese and international non-profit organisations, where their activism begins. These organisations help the women to build up their protest capital, enabling them to start their own group, the Alliance. Within their own group they organise themselves not only against the injustice they experience as MDWs but also emancipate themselves from their dependency on the NGOs. The findings approve that though international and Lebanese organisations have played a crucial part in successfully mobilising the women, the MDWs´ experience of lack of influence inside these free spaces, shapes the group´s actions, collective identity and course. Their political mobilisation can be seen as a long-term, organic process, in which knowledge, collective identity, collective action and experience are tightly interwoven and are the motor behind the members´ activism.
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Barnes, Alison Kate School of Industrial Relations & Organisational Behaviour UNSW. "'The centre cannot hold': resistance, accommodation and control in three Australian call centres." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Industrial Relations and Organisational Behaviour, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22026.
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Drawing upon case studies of three organisations operating six call centres in Australia, this thesis explores the manifestations and interplay of employee resistance and accommodation in response to five facets of employer control: electronic monitoring; repetitious work; emotional control; the built environment; and workplace flexibility. Accommodation refers to the ways workers protect themselves from and adapt to the pressures that make up their day-to-day experiences of work. Accommodation, unlike resistance, which implies opposition to control, may superficially resemble consent to control. I argue that resistance and accommodation are not polar opposites; rather they are both reflections of the conflict and tensions that lie at the heart of the employment relationship. At the study sites, employees utilised resistance and accommodation both separately and concurrently. An explanation of these seemingly contradictory responses and of the links among accommodation individual resistance and collective resistance lies in the concept of ???self???. In this thesis, ???self??? refers to workers??? perceptions of fairness, dignity and autonomy. I examine how these notions frame worker discontent and promote employee solidarity. ???Everyday resistance???, a concept first developed by Scott (1985) in relation to peasant struggles, is employed to highlight the existence of subterranean struggles in workplaces that otherwise appear to be harmonious. At the study sites, everyday resistance was a multi-faceted, widely employed strategy whose strength lay primarily in its immediate impact. There was, however, no necessary sequential development from accommodation, through everyday resistance to overt, formal forms of conflict. What was evident was that multiple responses to employer control could co-exist and inhibit or promote one another. But it was through organised collective resistance that more formalised gains were made and widely held grievances addressed. I suggest that, although everyday resistance may lay the groundwork for more formal struggles, one should not conclude that traditional collective resistance is ???genuine??? resistance and everyday resistance is simply a second-best prelude to it. Although conflict is always present, its intensity differs. If we are to understand the complexity of worker responses to managerial control, we need to expand the theoretical frameworks within which we analyse and interpret conflict.
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Fassauer, Gabriele. "Messages on "Resistance to change" in German change management approaches: Working Paper presented at the 29th International Labour Process Conference April 2011, University of Leeds." Technische Universität Dresden, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28720.
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"Resistance to change" is one of the most important topics of change management in organizations. The paper investigates the analytical framing of „resistance“ and the „resistant employee“ in established German literature on change management. The analysis reveals three main messages referring the characteristics of resistance and the resistant change recipient. These are 1) that resistance is a „natural“, nearly inevitable phenomenon in organizational change processes, 2) that every behavior of employees in change processes is potentially resistant and thus often „false faced“, and 3) that resistance often is based on „irrational" and "emotional” motives. From a critical standpoint, this appears as a rather problematic understanding of (employee) agency and resistance. The result once more point to the overdue reconceptualization of "resistance to change" within the change management discipline and raise general questions referring to the high popularity of the analyzed segment of literature.
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Helgesson, Alf. "Church, State and People in Mozambique : An Historical Study with Special Emphasis on Methodist Developments in the Inhambane Region." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Uppsala univ, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36677511d.
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Oliveira, Aparecido Batista de. "Negociação coletiva trabalhista e luta de classes no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-19032018-143058/.
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A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar a negociação coletiva trabalhista, contextualizada pela dinâmica da luta de classes inerente ao sistema capitalista de produção, a fim de verificar o seu processo de transformação, de mecanismo de discussão e elaboração de direitos benéficos aos trabalhadores em instrumento de retirada de tais direitos e de obtenção pelo poder econômico do consentimento para a exploração nas relações de trabalho. Foram analisados de maneira crítica os pressupostos clássicos da negociação coletiva, como a autonomia privada coletiva e a equivalência dos sujeitos coletivos, além de apresentados a dinâmica da pluralidade normativa do direito do trabalho e elementos de harmonização das fontes, notadamente à luz de princípios com o da imperatividade das normas estatais de proteção ao trabalhador e o da melhoria da condição social do trabalhador. No desenvolvimento do tema, passou-se pela teoria marxista da luta de classes, pelo neoliberalismo e reestruturação produtiva, pela fragmentação e concorrência da classe trabalhadora. Além disso, houve a análise da representação jurídica dos trabalhadores por meio de suas entidades sindicais, inclusive com elementos do surgimento do sindicalismo contemporâneo e em especial do brasileiro, notadamente no que se refere ao novo sindicalismo do final da década de 1970 e de 1980 (confrontativo e combativo), ao sindicalismo de diálogo e cooperação com o capital da década de 1990 e início dos anos 2000, até chegar no sindicalismo dos últimos dez anos, com aspectos de combatividade e também de integração à racionalidade do capital. Por fim, concluiu-se que a negociação coletiva tem sofrido progressivo processo de apropriação pelo capital, em prejuízo dos trabalhadores e que a melhor atitude da classe trabalhadora na negociação é de resistência e confronto, valendo-se dos meios pacíficos e legítimos.This research aimed to study the collective labor bargaining, contextualized by the dynamics of the class struggle of the capitalist production system in order to verify its transformation process, discussion mechanism and development of beneficial rights to workers into withdrawal instrument of those rights and the attainment by the economic power of consent for exploitation in work relations. The classical principles of collective bargaining were critically analyzed, such as the private collective autonomy and the equivalence of collective subjects; as well as were presented the dynamics of normative plurality of labor law and elements harmonization of sources, especially in the light of principles such as the imperative of state standards to worker protection and the improvement of the worker´s social condition. As the topic was developed, we´ve been through the marxist theory of class struggle, the neoliberalism and productive restructuring, and the fragmentation and competition of the working class. In addition, there was the analysis of the legal representation of workers through their unions, including element of the emergence of modern trade unionism (and especially the Brazilian case), notably regarding the new labor movement by the end of the 1970s and 1980s (confrontational and combative), to the trade unionism of dialogue and cooperation with the capital of the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s, until the trade unionism of the past ten years, with aspects of militancy and also integration into the rationality of capital. Finally, it was concluded that collective bargaining has undergone a gradual process of appropriation by the capital to the detriment of workers, and that the best stand of the working class in trading is resistance and confrontation, taking advantage of the peaceful and legitimate means.
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Duncan, James Bryan. "Literary labor : reform and resistance in American literature, 1936-1945 /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181097.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 260-265). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ancelovici, Marcos 1971. "Between adaptation and resistance : labor responses to globalization in France." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46656.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 267-289).
This dissertation aims at accounting for labor responses to globalization in France. It addresses this issue through a comparative study of two labor organizations-the French Democratic Labor Confederation (CFDT) and the General Confederation of Labor (CGT)-that today respond differently to globalization even though they held common positions in the past: while the CGT opposes globalization, the CFDT sees it as an opportunity for French workers. I call the former response the resistance strategy and the latter the adaptation strategy. This dissertation claims that responses to globalization are formed and transformed over time as the environment of organizations changes and intraorganizational struggles unfold. More specifically, it argues that in France the formation of labor responses to globalization stemmed from a path dependent process constituted by three different steps. First, organizational failure, illustrated by union decline, implied a critical juncture that fed intraorganizational struggles and opened the way for a reorientation of labor organizations. Second, once the crisis was acknowledged, whether organizations would take the path to adaptation or resistance depended on three factors: (1) resources inherited from the past that limit the range of options that actors can conceive and choose; (2) the presence and content of two mechanisms of change-bricolage and identity shift-that describe how actors used their inherited resources; and (3) the ability of leaders to articulate a narrative that would appeal to enough people inside their organizations so as to induce cooperation. The third and last step of this path dependent process refers to the stabilization of the new path that the CFDT and the CGT had taken. The central mechanism that stabilized these paths was a shift in the organizational opportunity structure. Although labor organizations were not completely locked in the new path, once the organizational opportunity structure had shifted it was very difficult to return to the previous path or engage in a substantially different one.
(cont.) Therefore, unless another critical juncture takes place, the CFDT and the CGT are likely to stick with their current responses to globalization for many years.
by Marcos Ancelovici.
Ph.D.
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Zhu, Lin. "Political opportunity and resistance : a study of migrant workers' protests in China /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202009%20ZHU.
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Droessler, Holger. "Islands of Labor: Community, Conflict, and Resistance in Colonial Samoa, 1889-1919." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467185.
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My dissertation follows the lives and struggles of the workers of Samoa from the last decade of the nineteenth century until the end of the Great War. Drawing on a wide range of sources—from travel reports and court depositions to photographs and maps—my dissertation reconstructs the experiences of Samoans as well as migrants from Melanesia, Micronesia, and China. This diverse group of peoples living in Samoa harnessed their own energy and that of their natural environment to create a colonial world often beyond their own control. At the same time, they succeeded in re-creating their own lifeworlds in ways that often defied the limits of this colonial world. I argue that community, conflict, and resistance among workers in colonial Samoa can best be understood by delving deeply into the particular dynamics of particular workscapes. Five workscapes—the subsistence economy, the plantation, the ethnographic show, the building of infrastructure, and the colonial service—became crucibles of lived sociality and, over time, political solidarity for the people living and laboring in colonial Samoa. As much as German, American, and New Zealand colonial officials tried to keep workers apart from one another, they succeeded in overcoming racial and colonial boundaries and formed new kinds of community.American Studies
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Mallick, Bhaswar. "Agency of Labor Resistance in Nineteenth Century India: Significance of Bulandshahr and F.S. Growse’s Account." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1543581416769978.
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Redwood, Loren Kate. "Immigrant labor exploitation and resistance in the post-Katrina deep south success through legal advocacy /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2009/L_Redwood_113009.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 11, 2009). "Department of American Studies." Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-157).
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Choi, Inyi. "Organizing negotiation and resistance : the role of Korean union federations as institutional mediators /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3161969.
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Mazar, Jessie. "Resistance and Resilience: Latinx Migrant Farmworkers in the Northern Borderlands." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/649.
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Vermont prides itself on being a national role model in developing innovative models for community-supported, ecologically responsible agricultural practices. However, Vermont's largest sector of agriculture, the dairy industry, has increasingly relied on Latinx* migrant farm laborers who face significant challenges. Due to a lack of a year-round agricultural visa program, most farmworkers on Vermont's dairy farms are unable to receive proper documentation. This circumstance has a significant impact on migrant workers, particularly those living and working closer to the border, as those areas fall within federal jurisdiction of US immigration enforcement. In these borderlands, surveillance is intensified and so the pressure to be invisible is heightened. The current availability of agricultural visas is limited to seasonal migrant farmworkers, and because dairy is year-round work, farmworkers in the dairy industry are barred from accessing proper documentation. Increased patrolling along the northern border results in extreme isolation, fear, and the inability to access basic human rights. For migrant workers on Vermont's dairy farms, just taking a trip to the grocery store is to risk deportation.
This thesis examines systemic barriers, complex relationships, and resilient responses of Vermont's farmworkers, drawing upon applied, mixed methods. The first article uses ethnography to examine food access and food sovereignty through Huertas, an applied garden project in northern VT. The second article analyzes the methodologies connected to El Viaje Más Caro/The Most Costly Journey, an applied cartooning project that shares farmworker stories with other migrant farmworkers as a tool to break cycles of isolation and relieve psychological distress. Both projects illustrate resilient responses to the barriers associated with being undocumented along the Northern border.
While the thesis is based on research conducted in Vermont, the significance is broader in scope, and representative of national and international trends. The food system is built upon those who are continually stripped of and denied rights. While this is about Vermont, it is not only about Vermont: these stories are symptomatic of a larger structural violence. This thesis situates itself in a multi-scalar context-Vermont, the US, international- in which the stories conveyed are indicative of political and economic systemic obstacles, and the potential for human creativity to subvert and respond to systems of oppression.
*I use the term "Latinx" throughout my thesis because it is a gender-neutral alternative to Latino, Latina and even Latin@. It is pronounced "La-teen-ex". This is a term that has been introduced by the trans/queer community, but is increasingly being adopted by scholars, activists, journalists, and social media. (Ramirez & Blay, 2016)
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Junior, Darlan de Oliveira Reis. "Senhores e trabalhadores no Cariri cearense: terra, trabalho e conflitos na segunda metade do sÃculo XIX." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12759.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoEsta tese trata das relaÃÃes entre senhores e trabalhadores que viveram na regiÃo do Cariri, localizada no extremo sul da ProvÃncia do CearÃ, na segunda metade do sÃculo XIX. O domÃnio do espaÃo regional se deu, nÃo sà pela apropriaÃÃo dos recursos naturais, como o controle da terra, mas tambÃm atravÃs da elaboraÃÃo de um discurso sobre a vocaÃÃo econÃmica do lugar e na exploraÃÃo de trabalhadores livres e escravizados, em diferentes atividades econÃmicas. Numa abordagem que se insere no campo da HistÃria Social, procuro analisar as questÃes que envolvem o mundo do trabalho: as contradiÃÃes resultantes da desigualdade social, as prÃticas de controle estabelecidas pelos senhores, bem como os conflitos e as diferentes formas de resistÃncia dos trabalhadores. Foram utilizadas fontes como jornais, leis, processos criminais, processos civis, inventÃrios, correspondÃncias e relatÃrios de autoridades pÃblicas.
This thesis discusses the relations between masters and workers who lived in the region of Cariri, located in the extreme south of the Province of CearÃ, in the second half of the nineteenth century. The regional area domain occurred not only by natural resources appropriation, such as control of the land, but also through the development of a speech on economic vocation of the place and exploitation of free and enslaved workers, in different economic activities. In an approach based on the field of Social History, I intend to analyze the issues implicating the labor world: contradictions arising from social inequality, control practices established by masters, as well as the conflicts and different forms of workers resistance. Were used sources such as newspapers, laws, criminal cases, civil cases, inventories, correspondences and reports of public authorities.
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Fernández, Arrigiota Melissa. "Constructing 'the other', practicing resistance : public housing and community politics in Puerto Rico." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2010. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/335/.
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This thesis evaluates the colonial productions and contestations of Puerto Rican public housing and its residents as urban ‘others’. It combines a historical analysis of the political, spatial and material trajectory of the island’s projects with an ethnography of the resistances enacted by a group of residents- mainly women- from one such complex called ‘Las Gladiolas’ against an impending order of demolition and displacement. I argue that while a context of socio-spatial exclusion and environmental determinism has pervaded the constructions of these postcolonial ‘projects’ in ways that have significantly discriminated against its residents, public housing has never been and can never be completed according to that limited governmental design- which today exists under the rubric of urban redevelopment- mainly because communities of solidarity, dissent and conflict emerge simultaneously with and against those formulations, taking on a life of their own in ways that collude with and escape rigid technocratic formulations of housing policy. The research presented emphasizes the symbolic struggle and material reality embedded in Las Gladiolas’s community politics which resists and disrupts a homogeneous vision of past, present and future urban space. The historical analysis highlights the ways in which ‘othering’ was set in place within the colonial context of Puerto Rico’s urban development in a way which has allowed for the continued stigmatization of public housing projects and for the reproduction of residents’ disadvantage according to raced, gendered and classed discriminations. Those distinctions of difference also created the conditions for particular forms of resistance to emerge. The ethnographic data tells the story of how the political and physical enactment of the buildings’ deterioration intersected with residents’ informal, institutional and legal resistance to relocation. It shows how the contemporary production, experiences and contestations over public housing are not fixed, but multiple and highly ambiguous. The complex interplay that emerges between political, social and material elements demonstrates that the boundaries separating Las Gladiolas from its urban environ, and Puerto Rican housing agencies from the American ones, are in fact open and porous, fluctuating according to use, appropriations, and political and legal transformations.
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Endo, Takahiro. "Resistance to institutional change : the case of the Japanese publishing field." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/29417/.
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This thesis aims to extend the understanding of the maintenance of the institutional arrangements especially in the process of resistance to institutional changes, which were caused by a regulatory and a technological discontinuity. By doing that, this thesis addresses research gaps in new instiutional theory. In order to flesh out the resistance to institional change, the Japanese publishing field was considered to be an appropriate reserarch site. This is because the Japanese publishing field has been referred to as one of the "least changeable" industries. Furthermore, in the Japanese publishing industry, different types of environmental discontinuities were brought about. The incumbents resisted those actors leveraging these environmental discontinuites and skeeing to change the institutional arrangements.
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Baez-Camargo, Claudia. "From silent acquiescence to active resistance : labor leaders' responses to market-oriented economic reform in Mexico, 1982-2000 /." Ann Arbor : UMI, 2002. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00076906.pdf.
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Gorman, Louise Gwenyth. "State control and social resistance : the case of the Department of National Defence Relief Camp Scheme in B.C." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25414.
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This thesis constitutes a sociological analysis of the establishment and operation of the Department of National Defence Relief Camp Scheme in British Columbia. During the Great Depression of the 1930s, unemployment reached unsurpassed levels, when the dependent Canadian economy could not export its primary resources. Faced with a fiscal crisis, the Canadian state was unable to support the dramatically increased number of destitute. The position of B.C. was particularly serious due to its economic dependence upon the export of raw resources. Thousands of single unemployed men who had been employed in resource industries, and for whom no adequate relief provisions were available, congregated on the west coast and became increasingly militant in their demands for 'work and wages'. The radicalization of this group was perceived as a threat that was beyond the capacity of usual state social control mechanisms. As a result, the Canadian state was obliged to undertake exceptional, repressive measures to contain these unemployed. This was accomplished through the Department of National Defence Relief Camp Scheme. Despite this extended state action, the dissident unemployed were not adequately suppressed, and the B.C. camps were characterized by a high level of militancy. The violent Regina Riot of July 1, 1935 served to break the momentum of the radical, single unemployed relief camp inmates. In 1936 the DND relief camp scheme was dismantled, and the single unemployed were dispersed. The DND relief camp scheme is examined in light of theories of the capitalist state and its role in society. It is concluded that the fiscal crisis of the 1930s rendered the Canadian state unable to mediate between the demands of the unemployed and the requirements of capital. The ensuing social crisis necessitated exceptional state coercion -- the Department of National Defence Relief Camp Scheme.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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Way, Patricia Anne. "Troubling Secular Assumptions: What 'Early' Feminist Resistance Can Tell Us about Globalization, Religion, and Secularism." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/214780.
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ReligionPh.D.
This project uses the archive at the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), an international Quaker peace and social justice organization headquartered in Philadelphia, PA, in order to shed light on the globalization resistance labor of the Nationwide Women's Program (NWP) and its transnational networks. The NWP was an internal program at the AFSC, initiated by women staff and committee members who challenged the practices of gender discrimination within the organization and initiated external AFSC programs that served women's unique needs in peace and social justice initiatives. By focusing primarily on the serial inserts of the group's newsletter from 1978 to 1988, entitled Women and Global Corporations: Work, Roles, Resistance, this project draws attention to the dense networks of transnational communication and resistance against global economic restructuring during this time. It uses and challenges social movement scholarship by suggesting that the analytical frameworks of transnational advocacy networks and social movement mobilization more accurately capture the antiglobalization activity that took place several decades prior to when it is conventionally identified in 1999. The project highlights the NWP's social movement brokerage and the embodied social movement activities of the activists, scholars, and laborers in its orbit. These social movement activities included boycotts, letter-writing campaigns, labor organizing, and a plethora of other on-the-ground activities and discursive practices against global corporations and the institutions that supported them. An investigation into the sources of the NWP's knowledge production in brokering this movement reveals both Quaker and feminist influences that call into question the conventionally accepted binary between religion and secularity in the Western imaginary. The presence of Quaker and feminist influences on the NWP's understandings of globalization provides the opportunity for thinking through at least two possibilities: how a tacit Protestant secularism within the organization contributed to its own erasure, and how contemporary globalization narratives are infused with a Protestant secularism that insidiously frames globalization resistance as retrograde and fuels a universalizing (and therefore exclusionary) notion of progress and unsustainable growth.
Temple University--Theses
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Emenaker, Ryan Eric. "Corporations and resistance in the Redwood Empire : towards a corporate history of Humboldt County (1579-1906) /." [Arcata, Calif.] : Humboldt State University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2148/24.
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Gopaul, Nanda Kissore. "Union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the Guyana sugar industry : 1964-1994." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56026/.
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This PhD thesis is a study of the changing social and industrial conditions under which sugar workers in Guyana have worked, and the responses of workers and unions to these changes since 1964. It makes extensive use of original trade union and employer archives, other public and private documentary evidence and interviews with workers and union and state officials. The narrative and analysis focuses on the experience of union rivalry and the impact of state interventions in wage settlements. The sugar industry has several different unions with differing political and ideological positions, and there have been numerous instances of union rivalry and workers' discontent over union representation. Inadequate wage offers have often led to disputes, involving antagonisms between workers and management but also between workers and their union. In practice the majority of wage settlements have resulted from the intervention of a Commission of Inquiry or Arbitration Tribunal. In the late 1970s the state's imposition of wage levels provoked numerous struggles, often of national proportions, and led to legal challenges by workers and one of their unions which resulted in the restoration of collective bargaining. Such developments have had major implications for the national labour movement. The thesis considers each of these facets of worker and union experience, and thus develops an analysis of the relationships between union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the context of highly politicised trade unionism. In particular it discusses the implications of trade union affiliation to the major political parties and shows the extent to which political affiliation helped to destroy the collective bargaining process. It argues that while trade unions are involved in political struggles, they ought not to be affiliated to political parties, since this is likely to compromise the independence of the labour movement and weakens the collective bargaining process.
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Mathieu, Elizabete. "Violences et grèves dans les plantations de São Paulo dans la période post-abolition (1888-1930)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL050.
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Cette thèse traite des grèves et de la violence entre les ouvriers agricoles et les patrons dans les plantations de café à São Paulo, au Brésil, dans la période post-abolition (1888-1930). S'appuyant sur l'histoire sociale et sur une diversité de sources historiques, l'objectif est de démontrer que les ouvriers agricoles n'étaient pas des sujets historiques pacifiques et soumis. Bien que les patrons aient interdit la formation de syndicats, les ouvriers ont pu (re)créer des tactiques de résistance et de lutte individuelle, familiale et collective, où les femmes ont joué un rôle primordial en tant que travailleuses et participantes actives dans la lutte contre les multiples formes d’exploitation auxquelles elles étaient soumises dans les fazendas. C’était pour les ouvriers un moyen de contester les stratégies d'exploitation et de domination que les propriétaires de fazendas, par des mécanismes de contrôle rigides et coercitifs et par une discipline excessive, mettaient en œuvre afin de les contenir dans un modèle idéal de travailleur. La répression violente des grèves par les patrons et la police et les agressions physiques entre ouvriers et patrons révèlent que la violence dans les relations de travail en milieu rural au Brésil était fréquente, ce qui démystifie la thèse du pacifisme et de la soumission des travailleurs ruraux brésiliensThis doctoral thesis examines the strikes and the violence between the rural workers and the coffee plantation owners in São Paulo, Brazil, during the post-slavery period (1888-1930). Based on the social history and a wide range of historical sources, the aim being to demonstrate that these rural workers were not in fact passive and submissive historical subjects. On the contrary, although the creation of trade unions was forbidden by the plantation owners, the workers managed to create tactics of resistance as well as individual, familial and collective kinds of struggles. Women played a major role as workers and active participants, fighting against many kinds of exploitations to which they were submitted to in the plantations. It was a way for the workers to contest the strategies of exploitation and domination implemented by the plantation owners, through rigid and coercive control mechanisms and excessive disciplinary measures, in order to confine them into an idealised worker model. The violent repression of the strikes by both the plantation owners and the policy along with physical aggressions between workers and plantation owners, reveal that violence in rural labour relations in Brazil was quite common, demystifying the myth about the pacifism and submission of Brazilian rural workers
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Hastings, Thomas Michael. "A job worth doing? : reinterpreting control, resistance and everyday forms of coping with call centre work in Glasgow." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2483/.
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In recent decades Britain’s economic landscape has shifted from a Fordist manufacturing economy, to a labour market based on intangible forms of service work. Despite initial optimism regarding this shift, many of the replacement service jobs which workers now rely upon reflect instable, intensive and low-paying work realities. This thesis explores how low-end service work is actually experienced, as seen through the eyes of call centre workers based in Glasgow. Glasgow represents a particularly interesting case in this respect, as service work is arguably ill-suited to the traditional skill sets and worker cultures within this old industrial labour market. Despite this apparent mismatch, the thesis contends that workers possess and perform a range of coping strategies and practices that help limit the negative experience of telephone call centre work. Via interviews with workers, and non-participant observation of the call centre labour process across three different call centre settings, the thesis argues that workers can and do foster ‘lives worth living’ through a seemingly mundane, coercive, and low paying form of work. The opening of the thesis positions the research in the expanding sub-discipline of labour geography. While traditional understandings of labour and capital have tended to ignore labour’s ability to think and act, labour geography has emphasised the potential for workers to negotiate with capital through collective forms of (often union-based) ‘resistance’. In addition to resisting capital, the research argues that workers also (and more commonly) demonstrate agency whilst complying with existing structural constraints. This argument is advanced with recourse to studies from the labour process theory (LPT) tradition, in addition to the work of James C. Scott and Cindi Katz. Three main arguments are advanced throughout the thesis. Firstly, and despite the call centre typecast as that of an authoritarian and deskilled setting, it is argued that call centre capital remains responsive to the social and unpredictable nature of workers. In order to realise production, each centre is shown to draw upon the social division of labour in different ways, as well as relying upon ‘soft’ measures of control over and above forms of coercion. This is necessary in order to attain the consent of a productive call centre workforce. Secondly, and inside the labour process itself, call centre workers are shown to exhibit a range of passive and informal coping mechanisms – i.e. forms of agency – which help to improve the experience of call centre work. Crucially, these forms of coping do little to challenge managerial control in a direct sense: and this, in part, explains their effectiveness as a means of getting by. The final point relates to worker rationales behind call centre employment. Here it is argued that the subjective socio-spatial backgrounds of workers impact motivation behind call centre employment. Furthermore, worker backgrounds are shown to ‘carry over’ inside the workplace, further impacting the experience of call centre work. Ultimately pre-existing non-work subjectivities (in particular class, gender, and nationality) are shown to influence the identities that workers forge through call centre employment. By way of conclusion, the thesis attempts to feed these theoretical findings – with particular reference to findings on worker agency – back into the labour geography project.
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BARBOSA, ANA PAULA TATAGIBA. "THERE ARE GUARDS IN THE THE BOARDERS: DISCOURSES AND POWER RELATION IN MALE LABOR RESISTANCE IN CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009-2012)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23939@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROO ingresso masculino nas creches - território feminino - não passou despercebido: ainda que estas sejam instituições públicas, conversas informais e reuniões com os pais subsidiaram a decisão das mulheres, ocupantes dos cargos de Direção, de introduzirem alterações no cotidiano, afastando, por exemplo, os homens de atividades referente ao cuidado com o corpo das crianças. Essa ocorrência foi uma das inspirações desse trabalho, cujo objetivo geral é compreender as bases que alicerçam a ordem sexo/gênero, analisando os empeços à sua superação. O(s) processo(s) históricos(s) de instituição das relações de gênero, com destaque para a constituição da masculinidade, é o objeto de estudo privilegiado no alcance desse desiderato. A pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida redundou em visitas a vinte e duas creches de diferentes Coordenadorias Regionais de Educação do Rio de Janeiro e dezenove pessoas foram entrevistadas entre educadores, pais e membros da comunidade do entorno escolar. Com o aporte da análise do discurso, alicerçada na obra de Michel Foucault, os dados coletados são estudados, considerando-se também o legado desse autor para a reflexão sobre as relações de poder estabelecidas no campo da educação da infância. Território é a temática debatida a partir, principalmente, da obra de Claude Raffestin, Milton Santos e Rogério Haesbaert. As análises elaboradas possibilitaram concluir que, a resistência à ousadia desses homens que passaram a desenvolver atividades que socialmente são reconhecidas como femininas, entre outros aspectos, denota uma contraditória defesa da heteronormatividade: ratifica-se por um lado, a rígida demarcação das vivências humanas baseadas na dualidade do gênero, num contexto em que se enaltece as alterações dos padrões que possibilitaram, por exemplo, a inserção maciça das mulheres em diferentes esferas próprias do espaço público.
The admission of male workers in daycares - female territory - has not gone unnoticed: although these are public institutions, informal talks and meetings with parents supported the decision of female managers to introduce changes in day-to-day life, for example, removing male workers from activities related to the children s body care. That fact inspired this work, whose general objetive is to understand the foundations underpinning the order sex/gender, analyzing the difficulties to overcome them. The historical process(es) of institutional gender relation, with emphasis on masculinity building processes, is the privileged objetc of study in to achieve this desideratum, The qualitative research resulted in visits to twenty-two daycares from different Regional Education Coordination of Rio de Janeiro and nineteen people were interwied, among educators, parents and members of the preschool community. With the contribution of the discourse analysis, groundes in the work of Michel Foucault, the collected data is analysed, considering also the author s legacy in reflecting on the power relations established in the field of childhood education. The concept of territory is discussed, mainly, based on the works of Claude Reffestin, Milton Santos and Rogério Haesbaert. From the developed analyzes it is possible to conclude that the resistante to these daring men, who accepted activities that are socially recognized as feminine, among other things, indicate a contraditory defense of heteronormativity: in one hand, it is ratified the rigid demarcation of human experiences based on a genre duality, in a context that enhances the changes of patterns that allow, for example, the massive insetion of women in different public spaces spheres.
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Lossio, Jorge. "Peloso, Vincent. Peasants on Plantations. Subaltern Strategies of Labor and Resistance in tite Pisco Valley, Pero. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 245 pp." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122038.
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Priyanimal, Karunanayake Dinidu. "`LABORS OF MEMORY’ AND 'GUERILLA-TYPES OF ATTRITION’ IN POST-WARSRI LANKAN MEMORY CULTURE." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1408024444.
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Gomes, Erik Chiconelli. "O Conselho Nacional do Trabalho: uma análise de sua relação com o movimento operário da época e a imprensa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-02102018-112028/.
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A dissertação analisa o papel do Conselho Nacional do Trabalho e sua relação com o movimento operário tendo em vista os atores que atuaram em prol da legislação trabalhista antes do período de 1930, em que Getúlio Vargas assume o governo aplicando diversas medidas que iriam resultar na Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT) em 1943. Já nos anos 1910, houve intenso debate na Câmara e no Senado, mediante a Comissão de Legislação Social (CLS), em que expoentes como Maurício de Lacerda tiveram papel significativo no avanço das discussões referentes às melhorias de vida para o conjunto dos trabalhadores. O foco da dissertação está nos trabalhadores urbanos das duas grandes cidades São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro que despontam, ainda nas décadas de 1910 e 1920, como importantes vetores políticos nacionais. A análise da imprensa da época, através do levantamento das fontes da época, nos permite observar que o Conselho Nacional do Trabalho foi um órgão que, em sua natureza, esteve envolvido com os atores da época, sejam eles os trabalhadores ou a classe patronal.The dissertation analyzes the role of the National Labor Council and its relation with the labor movement in view of the actors who worked for the labor legislation before the 1930 period, when Getúlio Vargas assumed the government in Brazil, applying several measures that would Result in the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) in 1943. At the 1910s, however, there was an intense debate in the House and Senate through the Social Legislation Commission (CLS), in which exponents such as Maurício de Lacerda played a significant role in advancing the discussions on improving the lives of all workers . The focus of the dissertation is on the urban workers of the two major cities - São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro - that emerged during the 1910s and 1920s, during which the research is concerned - as important political vectors at the national scenario. The analysis of the press of the time, through the survey of the sources of the time, allows us to observe that the National Labor Council was an organ that, in its nature, was involved with the actors of the time, be they workers or the employers\' class.
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Kourtoglou, Zoi. "THE BIOPOLITICS OF DOMESTIC WORK AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FEMALE 'OTHER' : REIMAGINING SPACES, LABOR, AND REPRESENTATIONS OF LIVE-IN DOMESTIC WORKERS IN FILM." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filmvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-149493.
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Representations of female characters in cinema have the effect of othering the female in front of the viewer’s gaze. Women’s characters are constructed along the lines of their gender and race difference. In this paper I focus entirely on the character of the woman domestic worker in four films: Ilo Ilo, The Second Mother, The Maid, and At Home. The paper aims to provide a different reading of this mostly trivialized character and rethink its otherness by pinpointing it in biopolitical labor and homes of biopower, namely of affect and oppression. I am interested in how labor can reconfigure the domestic space to a heterotopia, or what I call a ‘heterooikos’, which is the space occupied by the other. Finally, I will attempt an analysis that reimagines otherness captured by cinema, by locating, in the film text, techniques of resistance as a countersuggestion to techniques of character identification. My aim is to provide a different way to interact with subaltern subjects in film by recognizing otherness as part of an ethical response.
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Shope, Dan R. "Shattered Glass and Broken Dreams: Utilizing the Works of Michel De Certeau to Analyze Coping Mechanisms and Overt Forms of Resistance Among Glass Workers in Huntington, West Virginia." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1182544263.
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Nurchayati, Nurchayati. "Foreign Exchange Heroes or Family Builders? The Life Histories of Three Indonesian Women Migrant Workers." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289411593.
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Silva, Maria de Lourdes Vicente da. "Outcries, silence and seeds: the repercussions of re-deterritorialization due to modernization of agriculture on the environment, work and health of peasant women in the Chapada do Apodi/CE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=17019.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorO estudo sobre as trajetÃrias de vida de mulheres camponesas que vivem na Chapada do Apodi, CE està voltado para a anÃlise das repercussÃes do processo de des-reterritorializaÃÃo empreendido pela modernizaÃÃo da agricultura sobre o ambiente, a saÃde e o trabalho de mulheres camponesas. Descreve aspectos das trajetÃrias de trabalho de mulheres inseridas nas empresas do agronegÃcio da fruticultura irrigada, na agricultura camponesa/familiar, e no trabalho domÃstico e aprofunda as repercussÃes das transformaÃÃes sociais e do conflito ambiental nos modos de viver e produzir dessas mulheres. AlÃm de discutir os sentidos e perspectiva do trabalho no campo para as mulheres camponesas na dialÃtica entre (agri)cultura e (agro)negÃcio. Partindo da crÃtica feminista ao papel da ciÃncia, e das mulheres como sujeitos do conhecimento, utiliza-se a abordagem das metodologias feministas para aprofundar os diferentes olhares e experiÃncias das mulheres a partir das histÃrias de vida de 11 mulheres de 04 comunidades, feita atravÃs de entrevistas e observaÃÃo participante e tendo como foco a categoria do trabalho. Resulta daà a descriÃÃo sobre as formas camponesas de vida e trabalho ameaÃados pela modernizaÃÃo agrÃcola onde estÃo expostos os resultados da pesquisa de campo sobre terra, produÃÃo e cultura camponesa, a questÃo ambiental, os sentidos e condiÃÃes de trabalho, as transformaÃÃes sociais e de saÃde. SÃo problematizados aspectos que analisam a saÃde entre a riqueza e o adoecimento atravÃs das transformaÃÃes do territÃrio com o uso de agrotÃxicos e suas consequÃncias ao trabalho e à produÃÃo. A partir da experiÃncia dessas mulheres, a pesquisa aponta algumas bases para a anÃlise de um novo feminismo - o camponÃs-ambiental. Mediado pelo ser/fazer das mulheres camponesas, no confronto entre as contradiÃÃes e sua cultura, ele està calcado nas seguintes caracterÃsticas: Como expressÃo das mulheres em defesa dos bens naturais; do reconhecimento da natureza como portadora de direitos e da defesa da diversidade e da dinÃmica produtiva como bens comuns. Resulta de um movimento do cotidiano, pautado por uma inserÃÃo polÃtica dentro da comunidade, da casa, da cozinha, do quintal, da roÃa etc. EspaÃos por onde circulam saberes, informaÃÃes e diferentes formas de poder instituÃdo pelas prÃprias mulheres. Està calcado na luta pela soberania alimentar e pela manutenÃÃo de laÃos de solidariedade e de socializaÃÃo do trabalho. Tem sua cultura fundamentada na Ãtica camponesa e nos valores de solidariedade, com a vivÃncia marcada pelas noÃÃes de justiÃa, direito, honestidade e equidade. Faz uma relaÃÃo do ser saudÃvel com o acesso aos bens comuns (como a terra, à Ãgua, ao alimento e à biodiversidade) e à valorizaÃÃo dos sentidos do trabalho. Faz a articulaÃÃo das diversas dimensÃes â indissociÃveis â que existem entre ambiente, trabalho, relaÃÃes familiares, convivÃncia social e saÃde das pessoas. Portam uma visÃo sistÃmica do cuidado, interpretando-o em relaÃÃo ao planeta, ao trabalho e ao ser humano em sua totalidade. E tambÃm a vivÃncia da economia como produÃÃo de vida, reconhecendo o importante e determinante papel das mulheres na disputa pela terra e pelo territÃrio e na afirmaÃÃo da cultura camponesa.
The study on the life trajectories of female peasants that live in Chapada do Apodi, CE is focused on the analysis of the repercussions of the process of deterritorialization by the modernization of agriculture on the environment, health, and the labor of peasant women. It describes aspects of work trajectories of women inserted in agribusiness companies of irrigated fruit production, familiar/peasant agriculture, and domestic labor, and go deeper into the repercussions of the social transformations and the environmental conflict in the ways of living and producing of these women. Besides, this paper discusses the meanings and perspective of field/farm work for peasant women in the dialectic between (agri)culture and (agri)business. Starting from the feminist criticism on the role of Science, and of women as subjects of knowledge, it utilizes the approach of the feminist methodologies to go deeper into the different looks and experiences of women as from life stories of 11 women and 04 communities, done through interviews and participant observation, having as a focus the category of work. It results the description of the peasant ways of life and work threatened by the modernization of agriculture where are exposed the results of the field research about land, production and peasant culture, the environmental issue, the meanings of work and work conditions, social and health changes. For that, we problematize aspects that analyze health among wealth and illness through territory transformations with the use of pesticide and its consequences to labor and production. From the experience of these women, the research points to a few basis for the analysis of a new feminism â the environmental-peasant. Mediated by the being/doing of the peasant women, in the confrontation between contradictions and their culture, it stands on the following characteristics: As an expression of the women in defense of the natural resources; of the recognition of nature as carrier of rights and of the defense of diversity and productive dynamics as common goods. It results from an everyday movement, guided by a political insertion in the community, home, kitchen, yard, farm, etc. Spaces in which knowledge, information and different forms of power instituted by the own women circulate. It stands on the struggle for food sovereignty and for the maintenance of bonds of solidarity and labor socialization. It has its culture grounded on peasant ethics and on the values of solidarity, with the experience marked by the notions of justice, right, honesty and equity. It makes a relation of the healthy being with the access to the common resources (such as land, water, food, and biodiversity) and the appreciation of the meanings of labor. It makes an articulation of several -inseparabledimensions that exist among environment, work, family relations, social living and health. They carry a systemic vision of care, understanding it in relation to the planet, to labor and to the human being in his entireness. The dimensions also carry the experience of the economy as production of life, recognizing the important and determinant role of women in the dispute for land and territory and in the affirmation of the peasant culture.
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Lauri, Marcus. "Narratives of governing : rationalization, responsibility and resistance in social work." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-119783.
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For many years, Sweden has had a reputation for having a comprehensive and women friendly welfare state. However, as in many other European countries during the past few decades, the organization and governing of welfare has undergone profound changes. Through interviews with social workers and the application of theories of governmentality, this thesis analyzes the expressions and consequences of such current organization and governing. One result is that the introduction of meticulous documentation practices of social workers contact with clients, regulate their interaction and constitute a control over both client and social worker. Another result is that the current organization fragments labor and awards more authority to managers, which functions to produce loyalty to the organization and management, rather than clients. This is expressed in demands not to voice protest, as it is said to create a bad mood. It is also expressed in demands to spend as little as possible on clients; short duration of treatment, preference for outpatient treatment and by making it difficult to receive financial support. This austerity is legitimized through the intermeshing of different ideals; budget awareness, evidence that supports short and outpatient treatment and that clients in order to change their course of life should to be allowed or coerced into taking individual responsibility. Another important finding is that the current governing and organization of social work produce distance and detachment, and thus discourage caring subjects. This is a complex process in which an assemblage of different techniques and rationalities undermines the cultivation of a relationship between social worker and client. 1) The ideal of evidence-based practice favors rigid methods over a flexible and holistic approach. 2) Ideals of rationality, closely connected to notions of masculinity and professionalism, value objectivity and devalue and deter the surfacing of emotions. 3) Meticulous practices of documentation reduce the amount of time available to meet clients. 4) Ideals and particular methods designed to promote individual responsibility in clients legitimize social workers distancing themselves from clients’ dependency and needs. 5) A division of labor, in either assessment or treatment, reduces time spent with clients for those who work with assessment and ultimately engage in the rationing of resources. 6) Standardized digital templates, installed to aid in assessments, regulate and proceduralize interactions with the client. 7) Austerity, heavy workloads, individualized responsibility and stress further accentuate distance, as detachment becomes a means to cope with arduous working conditions. The transformation of social work described above produces alienation and a fragmentation of social workers’ collective subjects. Simultaneously, an ethos of caring makes some social workers work extra hard to provide for clients, which ultimately covers for flaws in the system. Although such an ethos of caring allows for the further exploitation of social workers, it is also understood as a means of resistance, which in turn also forms the basis for organized resistance.Sverige har ett internationellt rykte för att ha en omfattande och kvinnovänlig välfärd. Även om riktigheten i en sådan uppfattning sedan länge ifrågasatts har på senare år, likt i många andra Europeiska länder, det svenska välfärdssystemet genomgått en omfattande förändring i avseende på dess räckvidd, men också dess organisering och styrning. Fokus för denna studie är just denna organisering och styrning, och mer specifikt, hur detta påverkar ett av välfärdens kanske mest centrala område: socialt arbete. Genom att intervjua socialarbetare undersöks i denna studie uttryck för och konsekvenser av en sådan förändring, bland annat genom att undersöka hur könsbundna föreställningar och förväntningar är sammanflätade med det sociala arbetets organisering och styrning. I studien konstateras att socialarbetare erfar att deras arbete genomgått omfattande förändringar, vilket kopplas ihop med både organiseringen och styrningen av det sociala arbetet. Detta uttrycks både i de ideal som kringgärdar arbetet men också i dominerande arbetssätt. En sådan förändring är införandet av omfattande dokumentationsprocedurer av socialarbetarens arbete och kontakt med klienter, vilket medför att kontakten med klienterna blir ytligare. Dokumentationsprocedurerna utgör också en sorts kontroll av både klienterna och socialarbetarna själva. En annan förändring som konstateras är att nya organisationsmodeller och en förändrad ledarskapskultur skapar förväntningar på socialarbetarna att vara lojala med organisationen och ledningen snarare än klienterna. Bland annat utrycks detta genom förväntningar att inte protestera och skapa dålig stämning på arbetsplatsen, men också genom uttalade krav att spendera så lite resurser som möjligt på klienterna; korta behandlingstider, öppenvårdsalternativ och orimligt hårda krav för att få ekonomiskt bistånd. Detta legitimeras genom sammanväxningen av flera olika ideal; budgetmedvetenhet, att klienter inte mår bra av långa institutionsvistelser, men också att klienterna ska tillåtas eller bör tvingas att klara att sig själva. Ett av studiens huvudresultat är att den nuvarande organiseringen och styrningen av socialt arbete skapar avstånd och likgiltighet. Genom flera sammankopplade ideal och arbetssätt styrs dagens socialarbetare till att bry sig mindre om de klienter de möter. På så sätt undermineras förutsättningarna för framväxten av en djup relation mellan socialarbetare och klient; 1) Idealet och kravet att socialarbetare ska arbeta utifrån evidens, det vill säga metoder och förhållningssätt som i speciellt utformade utvärderingsmodeller visat sig ha effekt, gör att väl strukturerade och rigida metoder ges företräde. Denna instrumentalisering underminerar ett flexibelt, relationsorienterat och helhetsfokuserat sätt att arbeta. Dessutom gör evidensidealets fokus på enskilda individer och avgränsade utvärderingstider att mer samhällsinriktat kritiskt och långsiktigt inriktat arbete undermineras. 2) Ett rationalitetsideal, tätt sammanbundet med föreställningar om professionalitet och maskulinitet, värderar objektivitet och förmågan att frikoppla socialarbetarens egna känslor från sitt arbete. Detta maskuliniserade professionsideal innebär att empati och solidaritet med klienten undergrävs. 3) Omfattande krav på olika former av dokumentation av det sociala arbetet gör att tiden som socialarbetaren har till sitt förfogande för att besöka och att ha möten med klienten blir knapp. 4) Ett allmänt samhällsideal kring individuellt ansvar och en särskild arbetsmetod (motiverande samtal) som många socialarbetare förväntas lära sig, framhäver klientens eget ansvar för och vilja till förändring. Detta legitimerar ett avståndstagande från klientens behov av hjälp och stöd enligt logiken ”du måste klara detta själv”. 5) En vanligt förekommande uppdelning av socialarbetarnas arbetsuppgifter i en så kallad beställar-utförarmodell gör att vissa socialsekreterare arbetar med hjälp och stöd, medan andra arbetar med bedömningar av klienters behov. De senare, som också har inflytande över resurstilldelning, blir med en sådan organisering av arbetet alltmer frikopplade från den stödjande och hjälpande verksamheten och kontakten med klienten. 6) Standardiserade digitala bedömningsinstrument, skapade för att på ett likvärdigt sätt bedöma klienters behov och dokumentera det sociala arbetet, reglerar och instrumentaliserar kontakten med klienter. 7) Tunga arbetsbördor, individualiserat ansvar och stress, bidrar ytterligare till att skapa avstånd och likgiltighet eftersom det för vissa utgör ett sätt att genomleva en ohållbar arbetssituation. En allmän åtstramning av socialtjänstens resurstilldelning förstås som en viktig orsak till behovet av att skapa ovan distansmekanismer. Men distansen hänger också ihop med en tendens till ett återupplivande av en tidigare dominerande förståelse av marginalisering och sociala problem; där människors nöd ses som ett utslag av dålig karaktär och ett resultat av dåliga individuella val. De förändringar av det sociala arbetets premisser som beskrivits ovan gör att socialarbetarna alltmer görs främmande inför sitt arbete – de alieneras. Detta främmandegörande uttrycks genom att inte kunna identifiera sig med arbetet självt, sina kollegor eller med sig själv. Ett sådant främmandegörande underminerar, eller fragmentiserar, både relationen till klienten, men också en känsla av gemenskap med andra socialarbetare. En gemenskap som kan utgöra ett ”vi” och ligga till grund för att ställa krav, protestera och göra motstånd mot avhumaniserande ideal och reformer. På så vis är främmandegörandet inte bara en konsekvens av dagens organisering och styrning, utan också något som fyller en viktig funktion för en sådan styrning och organisering, och genomförandet av en allmän åtstramning i socialpolitiken. Samtidigt som dagens organisering och styrning av socialt arbete är främmandegörande, slår vissa socialarbetare knut på sig själva och arbetar extra hårt för att täcka upp för systemets brister och krympande resurser, för att trots det svåra läget ändå försöka ge det stöd som de upplever att klienten behöver. Ett sådant historiskt förankrat femininiserat omsorgsideal, dvs känslor av ansvar och empati inför behövande och en ilska inför oförrätter, utgör därmed på samma gång grund för en fördjupad exploatering av socialarbetarna, och ett vardagligt motstånd mot rådande system. I ett läge när flera upplever att kollegialiteten som grund för motstånd på arbetsplatserna underminerats, utgör ett sådant omsorgsideal samtidigt också grunden för organiserat motstånd utanför arbetsplatsen, bortom chefernas insyn, kontroll och härskartekniker. Medan nuvarande styrningssystem underminerar ett visst sorts motstånd, uppstår samtidigt grunden för nya.
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Kahn, Alek, Yiping Jiang, and Måns Nilsson. "Embracing Transformative Technology to End Worker Exploitation : How Individual Resistance to Change Management Can Explain the Limited Adoption of Worker Monitoring Tools in Multinational Organizations." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52778.
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Background: The unethical treatment of factory workers is widespread, especially in developing countries. There is no international legal body with the jurisdiction to uphold universal labor rights. Hence, the responsibility to ensure worker well-being falls upon the multinational organizations that operate the supply chain. These focal firms often use social auditing; however, recent research reveals that this approach does not incorporate workers' experiences on a consistent basis. To address these shortcomings, a new technology has enabled organizations to connect directly with factory workers, we term the technology digital reporting tools (DRT). Problem: Even though DRT potential is supported, their adoption rate amongst multinational organizations remains minimal. The benefits of these tools cannot be leveraged without firm implementation. In fact, the estimated market size for socially sustainable tools in global supply chains significantly outweighs their investment rates. This discrepancy must be explained to advance the industry. Purpose: This thesis intends to deepen the understanding of individual and group level resistance within the change management field by researching a phenomenon that combines technology and social sustainability: DRTs. By recognizing the internal subjective experiences of potential users of DRT technology, we ultimately hope to inform DRT-providers and focal firms of internal and unrealized bottlenecks that hinder the adoption of these tools. Method: The thesis employs an inductive research approach with a qualitative research design based on 8 semi-structured interviews. All respondents are potential users of the technology within focal firms. Result: Upon researching the experience of potential users, we find that their willingness to suggest DRT to upper management is the primary mechanism that impacts adoption. We partitioned willingness to suggest into two aggregate dimensions: perceived acceptance of upper management and organizational culture. We find potential users hold an internal need to pitch DRT to upper management in monetary terms. Furthermore, half of DRT utility was unknown by respondents. Lastly, we correlate the sub-theories of change management to the different factors we identified.
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Patry, Pénélope. ""Drømmen om Europas forente stater" ("Le rêve des Etats-Unis d'Europe"). Entre internationalisme et européisme, l'autre Europe du jeune Willy Brandt en exil (1933-1947)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN047/document.
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Le fait que dès ses années d'exil scandinave, entre 1933 et 1947, le jeune Willy Brandt se lance dans le débat sur l'avenir d'une Europe unifiée et en propose des conditions concrètes de réalisation est encore très largement méconnu. Pourtant, la question de l'Europe jalonne les écrits d'exil du jeune socialiste réfugié en Norvège. Cette thèse de doctorat met en lumière ces primes idées européennes, le « rêve des Etats-Unis d’Europe », que Willy Brandt développe en exil. Elle interroge non seulement le rôle de l’exil scandinave dans l’émergence d’une pensée fédérale européenne chez Brandt, mais également la teneur de son projet et son éventuelle originalité. Cette étude repose sur un corpus de textes écrits de la main de Willy Brandt en Scandinavie entre 1933 et 1947. Dans ses ouvrages consacrés à la politique internationale, dans ses articles rédigés pour la presse ouvrière mais aussi, parfois, dans sa correspondance personnelle, l’objectif est d’identifier, dans une perspective d’analyse du discours, le motif de l’Europe unie et de l’analyser en contexte afin de le comprendre et de discerner ses potentielles évolutions. Cette étude se base sur des sources originales et pour partie non exploitées, ce qui a nécessité un travail conséquent de recherches en archives mais aussi, dans la mesure où Brandt publie à cette époque en norvégien et en suédois, l’apprentissage des langues scandinaves. Cette thèse de doctorat montre que par son influence contextuelle et culturelle, l’exil scandinave a marqué la pensée européenne de Brandt et que son modèle d’Europe sociale et démocratique porte indéniablement l’empreinte du socialisme scandinaveThe fact that during his Scandinavian exile between 1933 and 1947, the young Willy Brandt has been engaged in the debate about the future Europe and even proposed concrete conditions for its realization is still largely unknown. Still, the question of Europe marked out his exile writings and was as such the focus of particular attention from the young socialist refugee in Norway as early as 1939. This doctoral thesis aims to highlight these early European ideas, the “dream of the United States of Europe”, that Willy Brandt developed during his exile. It shall question not only the role of his Scandinavian exile on the emergence of a European federal thought in Brandt’s exile writings, but also the content of his project, its particularities and furthermore its possible originality. At a time when resistance groups were massively discussing the idea of the European unification, what may characterize Brandt's proposal for Europe? And how did these first European ideas evolve during the Second World War as the contexts of conception and communication also changed. To answer these questions, this PhD thesis is based on the analysis of texts written by Willy Brandt in Scandinavia between 1933 and 1947. The corpus consists of three types of documents: books or monographs about the war and the global international context, journalistic writings (newspaper articles, brochures, pamphlets, conference manuscripts all signed by Brandt between 1933 and 1947) and personal correspondence. The objective has been to identify in all these exile writings the motive of Europe as well as any other element relating to the theme of a united Europe or likely to be part of a more general reflection on international politics and the new post-war European order. This thesis has the particularity of being based essentially on original documents and hitherto largely unexploited sources, which has required a considerable amount of archival research. Moreover, since the sources used in this PhD thesis were written in Norwegian, Swedish and German, learning two Scandinavian languages, namely Norwegian and Swedish, was necessary. This study shows that through its contextual and cultural influence, the Scandinavian exile marked the emergence and evolution of Brandt’s European ideas between 1933 and 1947. The model of a social and democratic Europe the young Brandt dreamed of and developed during the Second World War undeniably bears the imprint of Scandinavia, and in particular Scandinavian socialism. By doing so, the thesis sheds new light on Willy Brandt’s political foothold and shows the importance of his exile years in the formation of a statesman and his foreign and European policy
Die Tatsache, dass Willy Brandt während seines Exils in Skandinavien zurinternationalen Diskussion über die Zukunft eines vereinten Europas beigetragen, und sogarkonkrete Bedingungen für eine künftige Einigung des Kontinents vorgeschlagen hat, ist nochkaum beachtet worden. In seinen Exilschriften tauchte das Thema „Europa“ allerdings immerwieder auf. Vor allem ab 1939 schenkte der junge Flüchtling dem Projekt einer künftigeneuropäischen Einigung besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Zum ersten Mal wird in der vorliegendenForschungsarbeit ein eingehender Überblick über Willy Brandts Europavorstellungen im Exil,deren Ursprung und deren Entwicklung, angeboten, und zwar im Rückgriff auf ursprüngliche,zum Teil bisher unbenutzte Quellen aus deutschem und skandinavischem Archivmaterial.Die Dissertation setzt sich zum Ziel, die Entstehung und die Entwicklung von WillyBrandts frühen Europavorstellungen im besonderen Kontext des skandinavischen Exilszwischen 1933 und 1947 zu analysieren, und fragt folgendes: Inwiefern hat das Exil inSkandinavien die Entstehung und die Ausformung von Brandts außenpolitischenKonzeptionen dauerhaft geprägt? Willy Brandts journalistische und literarische Schriften aus der Exilzeit zwischen 1933und 1947, die ein umfangsreiches Archiv aus Zeitungs-, bzw. Zeitschriftenartikeln, Büchern,Broschüren und gemeinsamen Veröffentlichungen bilden, liegen der vorliegendenForschungsarbeit zugrunde. Ziel ist es gewesen, in diesen Exilschriften das Motiv „Europa“sowie jedes andere Element zu identifizieren und zu erörtern, das sich auf das Thema einesvereinten Europas beziehen oder Teil einer allgemeineren Reflexion über die internationalePolitik und die neue europäische Nachkriegsordnung sein dürfte.Die Besonderheit dieses Forschungskorpus besteht in seiner Mehrsprachigkeit. Die imRahmen des vorliegenden Forschungsprojekts benutzten Texte und Manuskripte wurdennämlich auf Deutsch aber auch auf Norwegisch und auf Schwedisch verfasst. Wichtig war esin dieser Hinsicht, die Originalfassungen heranzuziehen, und damit der gesamtenForschungsarbeit nicht nur Authentizität sondern auch Originalität zu verleihen. In diesemZusammenhang gehörte das Erlernen von zwei skandinavischen Sprachen, nämlichNorwegisch und Schwedisch, natürlich auch zu den Grundlagen des Projekts.Diese Studie hat gezeigt, dass das skandinavische Exil die Entstehung und dieAusformung von Brandts frühen Europavorstellungen zwischen 1933 und 1947 kontextuellund inhaltlich geprägt hat. Im Modell des sozialistischen und demokratischen Europa, wovoner im Exil träumte und das er im Laufe des Zweiten Weltkrieges weiter entwickelte, lassensich nämlich etliche programmatische, kulturelle und politische Einflüsse der skandinavischen– und insbesondere der norwegischen – Sozialdemokratie erkennen. Dabei hat die vorliegendeDissertation die Bedeutung des skandinavischen Exils für die menschliche und politischeEntwicklung des Willy Brandt sowie für die Entstehung eigener außenpolitischer, ja sogareuropäischer Konzepte beim späteren Staatsmann nachvollziehen können
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Crowley, Martha L. "Control and inequality at work variations, processes, and implications for worker well-being /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1149881563.
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Brand, Magdalena. ""Boxer Bangui" : les femmes libres aux frontières des politiques sexuelles de l'expatriation française en Centrafrique." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080102/document.
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Pendant mes recherches, j'ai habité le QUARTIER LATIN de Bangui (RCA), également appelé SOWETO, où les femmes étaient cheffes de famille. Les autres habitant-e-s de la ville les appellent les « FEMMES LIBRES, CAR TELLEMENT ELLES ONT USE DE LEUR LIBERTE, C’EST DEVENU PEJORATIF ». Pour vivre, elles partaient travailler chaque nuit dans les espaces de loisirs des expatriés français, dans les bars, dans les restaurants et dans les boîtes de nuit du centre-ville, comme employées domestiques, serveuses, prostituées et cuisinières. L'objet de cette thèse est l'analyse des rapports de pouvoir qui traversent les échanges économico-sexuels entre des hommes expatriés français et des femmes centre-africaines à Bangui. La recherche amènera à analyser le travail sexuel et domestique des femmes centre-africaines dans les espaces de loisirs et de consommation des expatriés comme étant au cœur de la construction de la communauté expatriée et de la constitution d’une classe de femmes qui, entre contraintes et recherche d’autonomie, négocient la valeur de leurs vies dans la ville.« SI LES GENS DISENT QUE TU ES UNE PUTE, TU ENTENDS MAIS TU FERMES TES OREILLES, PARCE QUE, TOI, TU SAIS POURQUOI TU LE FAIS : POUR L'AVENIR. C'EST UN TRAVAIL. TU LE FAIS POUR CE QUE TU AS DECIDE D'ETRE DANS TON CŒUR »During my fieldwork, I lived in the LATIN QUARTERS in Bangui (Central African Republic), named SOWETO, where women are head of household. Other people call them « FREE WOMEN, BECAUSE THEY USE THEIR FREEDOM SO MUCH, IT BECOMES PEJORATIVE ». To earn their living, they work every night in the recreational areas of French expatriates, bars, restaurants and downtown nightclubs, as domestic workers, waitresses, prostitutes and cooks. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze power relations that structure sexual-economic exchanges between French expatriate men and Central-African women in Bangui. The research will lead to analyze sexual and domestic work of Central-African women as the heart of the construction of the French expatriate community, and of the existence of a class of women who, between constraints and search for autonomy, negotiate the value of their lives in the city.« If people say that you are a whore, you hear them but you shut your ears, because inside you, you know why you do it: for the future. It’s a job. You do it for what you have decided to be in your heart »
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Verçoza, Lúcio Vasconcellos de. "Trabalhadores nos canaviais de Alagoas : um estudo sobre as condições de trabalho e resistência." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6734.
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The most recent process of productive restructuration of Alagoas´ sugarcane agro industry initiated in the 1990 modified profoundly the criterions of workers selections, the labor organization and its way of management. Those changes, which affect directly the workers, resulted in the intensification of the work rhythm, elevation of its productivity and decrease of job numbers. In the core of those configurations in the relationship between capital and work, the purpose of the present dissertation is to analyze how the exploration-domination of the labor force is processed and ways of resistance constituted by the sugarcane worker in Alagoas. To achieve this purpose, were realized field research and interview with sugarcane cutters, formers sugar mill residents, unemployed workers, brail operator, bituqueiros , cabos (inspectors) and leaders of rural labor union. The interviews were leaded by the oral history methodology. The municipal district of Teotônio Vilela was the empiric universe privileged, though it concentrates a large number of workers employed in many sugar factories in the south of Alagoas.
O mais recente processo de reestruturação produtiva da agroindústria canavieira alagoana iniciado a partir dos anos 1990 alterou profundamente os critérios de seleção dos trabalhadores, a organização do trabalho e a sua forma de gestão. Essas mudanças, que afetam diretamente os trabalhadores, resultaram em intensificação do ritmo de trabalho, elevação de sua produtividade e diminuição do número de empregos. No bojo dessas novas configurações da relação capital e trabalho, o objetivo da presente dissertação é analisar como se processa a exploração-dominação da força de trabalho e as formas de resistência construídas pelos trabalhadores canavieiros em Alagoas. Para atingir tal escopo, foram realizadas pesquisas de campo e entrevistas com cortadores de cana, ex-moradores de engenho, trabalhadores desempregados, operadores de carregadeira, bituqueiros, cabos (fiscais) e dirigentes de sindicatos de trabalhadores rurais. As entrevistas foram norteadas pela metodologia da história oral. O município de Teotônio Vilela foi o universo empírico privilegiado por concentrar um grande número de trabalhadores empregados em diversas usinas do sul de Alagoas.
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Silvin, Aymeric. "Résistance sélective des sous-types de cellules dendritiques à l’infection par le VIH et le virus de la grippe." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB104/document.
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Les cellules dendritiques (DCs) détectent les particules virales et présentent les antigènes viraux afin d’organiser la réponse immunitaire. La réplication virale dans les DCs induit une réponse immune cytosolique. Comment les DCs tolèrent les virus afin de maintenir leur intégrité fonctionnelle est inconnu. Les DCs sont organisées en sous-populations distinctes d’un point de vue ontogénique. Nous avons observé que le virus du VIH et de la grippe infectaient préférentiellement les DCs CD1c+ par rapport au DCs CD141+ et aux pDCs. La réplication de ces virus au sein des DCs CD1c+ est essentielle afin d’établir une activation efficace des lymphocytes T CD8+ et d’assurer une détection cytosolique. Les DCs CD141+ et les pDCs, quant à elles, répondent aux virus exogènes. L’étape de fusion virale virale est constitutivement réduite dans les DCs CD141+ et les pDCs en comparaison des DCs CD1c+. La petite GTPase RAB15 est exprimée sélectivement dans les DCs CD141+ et les pDCs et contribue à la résistance de ces deux sous-populations de DCs au VIH et à la grippe. La résistance sélective des sous-populations de DC à l’infection virale pourrait représenter un mécanisme de tolérance afin d’augmenter la réponse antiviraleDendritic cells (DCs) sense viral particles and present viral antigens to induce immune responses. Viruses also replicate in DCs, engaging cytosolic immune responses. How DCs tolerate viruses to ensure functional integrity is unknown. DCs are developmentally organized in distinct subsets. We find that HIV and influenza preferentially infect CD1c+ DCs over CD141+ DCs and pDCs. Replication in CD1c+ DCs was essential for efficient CD8+ T cell activation and cytosolic sensing, while CD141+ DCs and pDCs responded to exogenous virus. Viral fusion was constitutively reduced in CD141+ and pDCs compared to CD1c+ DCs. The small GTPase RAB15 expressed selectively in CD141+ and pDCs contributed to the resistance. Selective resistance of DC subset to viral infections may thus represent a tolerance mechanism to maximize antiviral responses
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Eyer, Pierre-André. "Modes de reproduction et diversité génétique chez les fourmis du genre Cataglyphis." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209190.
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Les insectes sociaux représentent le paradigme de la vie coopérative dans le règne animal. Ceci repose sur l’existence d’une division des activités reproductrices entre des individus reproducteurs (les reines et les mâles) et une majorité d’ouvrières sacrifiant leurs propres potentialités reproductives pour assurer l’essentiel des tâches logistiques nécessaires à l’essor des sociétés. Chez les Hyménoptères sociaux, l’analyse comparative des stratégies de reproduction révèle que la structure monogyne (une reine par société) et monandre (un seul accouplement par reine) est l’état ancestral des sociétés. Cette structure favorise une corrélation génétique élevée entre les ouvrières et le couvain qu’elles élèvent et, par conséquent, leur succès reproductif global (inclusive fitness). Cependant, un nombre croissant d’études génétiques montre que la structure des sociétés peut fortement s’éloigner de ce pattern. Ceci est particulièrement manifeste chez les fourmis, lesquelles présentent un très large polymorphisme social se traduisant par une grande variabilité du nombre de femelles reproductrices au sein des sociétés. Les formicidés sont également remarquables par la diversité de leurs modes de reproduction. Cette diversité concerne la fréquence des accouplements (monandrie/polyandrie) ou encore l’exploitation conditionnelle des modes de reproductions sexuée et asexuée. Chez quelques espèces, les futures reines sont en effet produites par parthénogenèse (elles sont des quasi-clones de leur mère), alors que les ouvrières sont issues d'une reproduction sexuée classique. Cette stratégie exceptionnelle permet aux reines d'accroître le taux de transmission de copies de leurs gènes dans la descendance, tout en conservant les bénéfices d'une diversité génétique dans la force ouvrière. Cette grande diversité de structures sociales et de modes de reproduction suggère l’action de nombreuses pressions sélectives. Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de cette thèse de doctorat visent à déterminer les facteurs responsables du large polymorphisme social et des nombreux modes de reproduction observés chez les fourmis désertiques du genre Cataglyphis. Ils sont articulés autour de deux axes principaux. Les analyses phylogénétiques montrent que la polyandrie est ancestrale au sein du genre Cataglyphis. Le premier axe de ce travail a pour but d’étudier les causes évolutives justifiant le maintien d’un tel système de reproduction au sein de ce genre. Ce travail porte sur les avantages d’une diversité génétique accrue parmi les ouvrières. Une telle diversité génétique permettrait notamment d'accroître le polymorphisme de taille des ouvrières et l'efficacité de la division du travail [Chapitre 1], ou la résistance aux pathogènes de la force ouvrière [Chapitre 2]. [1] Ce premier travail a été réalisé sur Cataglyphis cursor, une espèce strictement monogyne et polyandre. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent une très grande fidélité des ouvrières à la tâche. Ils montrent l’existence d’une association significative entre la tâche réalisée par une ouvrière et sa lignée paternelle, ainsi qu’entre la taille des ouvrières et la tâche effectuée. [2] Le second travail de cette thèse a été réalisé chez C. mauritanica. Nos résultats montrent que la résistance aux pathogènes diffère entre ouvrières issues de différentes lignées paternelles lorsque ces dernières sont isolées. Curieusement, cette différence s’estompe lorsque les lignées paternelles sont regroupées au sein des sociétés polyandres. Dès lors, la polyandrie permettrait d’homogénéiser l’immunité des sociétés. Nos données montrent cependant que la résistance des ouvrières à Metarhizium anisopliae n’est pas corrélée à la diversité génétique de la colonie ou au nombre d’accouplements des reines.
Le second axe de ce travail porte sur les stratégies de reproduction remarquables observées chez les espèces de Cataglyphis appartenant au groupe altisquamis :C. velox, C. mauritanica, C. humeya et C. hispanica. Ces espèces partagent une stratégie unique dans le règne animal, appelée hybridogénèse sociale. L’hybridogénèse classique est un système reproductif dans lequel les parents issus de lignées génétiques distinctes s’hybrident. Alors que les génomes maternels et paternels sont exprimés dans la lignée somatique des descendants, le génome paternel est systématiquement écarté de la lignée germinale. En conséquence, seul le génome maternel est transmis aux générations futures. Dans le schéma d’hybridogénèse sociale reporté dans ces travaux, les reines s’accouplent systématiquement avec un mâle originaire d’une lignée génétique distincte. Elles utilisent la reproduction sexuée pour la production d’une caste ouvrière stérile intégralement hybride (analogue à la lignée somatique) et la reproduction asexuée par parthénogénèse pour la production des castes reproductrices mâles et femelles (analogues à la lignée germinale). Dans ce système, bien que les génomes paternels et maternels soient exprimés dans la caste ouvrière, seul le génome maternel est transmis aux descendants reproducteurs [Chapitre 3]. Le groupe altisquamis est représenté par plusieurs espèces au sein desquelles deux lignées génétiques s’hybrident systématiquement pour la production de la caste ouvrière. Le dernier chapitre de cette thèse [4] est une analyse phylogéographique des espèces de ce groupe dans la péninsule ibérique. Les résultats confirment l’existence d’une seule paire de lignées génétiques au sein de chaque espèce. Ces résultats révèlent également une contradiction entre les marqueurs nucléaires et mitochondriaux traduisant la complexité du système reproductif. Ces travaux soulignent l’ambiguïté des relations phylogéniques entre espèces d’un tel système et discutent de son implication dans la spéciation des espèces hybridogénétiques.
Social insects represent the most extreme form of cooperative life in the animal kingdom. This is based on the existence of a division of reproductive activities between the reproductive individuals (queens and males) and a majority of workers performing all logistical tasks at the expense of their own reproduction. In social Hymenoptera, comparative analysis of reproductive strategies reveals that colonies headed by a single mated queen (monogyny/monoandry) is the ancestral structure of colonies. This structure provides a high genetic correlation between the workers and the brood they raise and, therefore, their overall reproductive success (inclusive fitness). However, an increasing number of genetic studies reveal that the reproductive structure of colonies can strongly differ from this pattern. This is particularly obvious in ants, which have a very large social polymorphism resulting in a large variability in the number of reproductive females within colonies. The Formicidae are also remarkable for the diversity of their modes of reproduction. This diversity relates to mating frequency (monoandry/polyandry) or conditional use of sexual and asexual reproduction. In some species, new queens are produced by parthenogenesis (they are almost clones of their mothers), while the workers arise from a classical sexual reproduction. By using alternative modes of reproduction for queen and worker castes, queens can increase the transmission rate of their genes to their reproductive female offspring while maintaining genetic diversity in the worker population. This high diversity of social structures and modes of reproduction suggests the occurrence of many selective forces. This thesis aimed at determining environmental and genetic factors responsible for the large social polymorphism and the high diversity of reproductive modes display by Cataglyphis desert ants. This thesis is divided into two main parts.
Phylogenetic analyses show that polyandry is ancestral across the genus Cataglyphis. The first part of this thesis examines the genetic hypothesis to account for the evolution and maintenance of multiple mating by queen in this genus. This work focuses on the benefits of increased genetic diversity among workers. Such genetic diversity may increase the size polymorphism of the worker force and improve efficiency of the division of labor [Chapter 1] or increase pathogen resistance of the colony [Chapter 2]. In Chapter 1, the genetic hypothesis to enhance efficiency of division of labor was tested on Cataglyphis cursor, a strictly monogynous and polyandrous species. The results reveal a great fidelity in task performance by workers. They reveal a significant association between patriline and task preference: workers belonging to different patrilines differ in their propensity to perform a given task. We also found that worker size is closely associated with task specialization. The second work of this thesis [Chapter 2] was performed in C. mauritanica. Our results show that resistance to pathogens differs between workers from different patrilines when patrilines are raised separately. Surprisingly, this difference disappears when the patrilines are grouped within polyandrous colonies. Therefore, polyandry would standardize the overall resistance of colonies. Consistent with this result, our data show a positive association between the number of matings by the queens and colony resistance to Metarhizium anisopliae.
The second part of this thesis expounds the unorthodox reproductive strategies observed in species belonging to the group Cataglyphis altisquamis: C. velox, C. mauritanica, C. hispanica and C. humeya. These species share a unique strategy in the animal kingdom, called social hybridogenesis. Hybridogenesis is a sexual reproductive system, whereby parents from different genetic origin hybridize. Both the maternal and paternal genomes are expressed in somatic tissues, but the paternal genome is systematically excluded from the germ line, which is therefore purely maternal. Consequently, only the maternal genome spread across generations. Here, we report a unique case of hybridogenesis at a social level. Queens mate exclusively with males originating from a different genetic lineage than their own to produce hybrid workers, while they use parthenogenesis to produce the male and female reproductive castes. In consequences, all sterile workers (somatic line) are sexually produced hybridogens, whereas sexual forms (germ line) are clonally produced. Thus, only maternal genes are perpetuated across generations [Chapter 3]. The group C. altisquamis is represented by several hybridogenetic species in which two highly divergent genetic lineages co-occur, despite their constant hybridization. The last chapter of this thesis [Chapter 4] is a phylogeographic analysis of C. altisquamis species in the Iberian Peninsula. Our results confirm the existence of a single pair of genetic lineages within each species. Our results also reveal strong incongruences between nuclear and mitochondrial markers that reflect the reproductive system complexities. These studies reveal phylogenetic ambiguities among these hybridogenetic species and discuss the involvement of such unconventional system in speciation process.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Kirshner, Eli Martin. "Race, Mines and Picket Lines: The 1925-1928 Western Pennsylvania Bituminous Coal Strike." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin158825965126023.
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Silva, Rodrigo Rosa da. "Imprimindo a resistencia : a imprensa anarquista e a repressão politica em São Paulo (1930-1945)." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281753.
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Orientador: Michael McDonald HallDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Fruto de pesquisa junto aos acervos do Departamento Estadual de Ordem Política e Social de São Paulo (DEOPS) e aos jornais anarquistas compilados por militantes e depositados no Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth na UNICAMP, esse trabalho demonstra, para além da sobrevivência do anarquismo nos anos 1930, suas atividades relacionadas à prática sindical, política e cultural. Tendo os periódicos libertários e os prontuários da polícia política como fontes privilegiadas, aponta, por um lado, a vigilância e repressão exercida contra a imprensa anarquista, e por outro a resistência às arbitrariedades policiais em voga durante a ditadura de Getúlio Vargas. Durante a pesquisa ficou evidente a intensa agitação anarquista dos primeiros anos pós-golpe de 1930, passando pelas ondas repressivas de 1935 a 1937, chegando até meados da década de 1940. As ações de apoio aos prisioneiros levadas a cabo pelo Comitê Pró Presos Sociais colocava em prática a solidariedade tão cara aos anarquistas. Discute-se o conceito de crime político e de crime de Estado, para melhor compreender as práticas ilegais vigentes na época
Abstract: As a result of researches through the DEOPS (State Department of Political and Social Order) and the anarchist newspapers compiled by militants and deposited in Edgard Leuenroth¿s Archive (AEL) in the UNICAMP, this work demonstrate, beyond the survive of the anarchism in the 1930¿s, its activities related to trade-union, political and cultural practices. Taking libertarians periodics and political police documents as selected source, points the surveilance and the repression against the anarchist press, and on the other hand the resistance to police arbitrariness of the Getúlio Vargas dictatorship. During the research appears the intense anarchist agitation on the first years after the 1930¿s coup d¿etat, pasing throgh the repressives waves of 1935 and 1937, going to middle 1940¿s. Support actions to the prisoners taken by the Pro Social Prisoners Committee put in practice the anarchist solidarity. Discussing the concept of political crime and the state crime, try to understand the ilegal actions in existence on that period
Mestrado
Historia Social do Trabalho
Mestre em História